STEP the Stanford Temporal Prover

《2024年高考英语新课标卷真题深度解析与考后提升》专题05阅读理解D篇（新课标I卷）原卷版(专家评价+全文翻译+三年真题+词汇变式+满分策略+话题变式)目录一、原题呈现P2二、答案解析P3三、专家评价P3四、全文翻译P3五、词汇变式P4(一)考纲词汇词形转换P4(二)考纲词汇识词知意P4(三)高频短语积少成多P5(四)阅读理解单句填空变式P5(五)长难句分析P6六、三年真题P7(一)2023年新课标I卷阅读理解D篇P7(二)2022年新课标I卷阅读理解D篇P8(三)2021年新课标I卷阅读理解D篇P9七、满分策略（阅读理解说明文）P10八、阅读理解变式P12 变式一：生物多样性研究、发现、进展6篇P12变式二：阅读理解D篇35题变式（科普研究建议类）6篇P20一原题呈现阅读理解D篇关键词: 说明文;人与社会;社会科学研究方法研究;生物多样性; 科学探究精神;科学素养In the race to document the species on Earth before they go extinct, researchers and citizen scientists have collected billions of records. Today, most records of biodiversity are often in the form of photos, videos, and other digital records. Though they are useful for detecting shifts in the number and variety of species in an area, a new Stanford study has found that this type of record is not perfect.“With the rise of technology it is easy for people to make observation s of different species with the aid of a mobile application,” said Barnabas Daru, who is lead author of the study and assistant professor of biology in the Stanford School of Humanities and Sciences. “These observations now outnumber the primary data that comes from physical specimens(标本), and since we are increasingly using observational data to investigate how species are responding to global change, I wanted to know: Are they usable?”Using a global dataset of 1.9 billion records of plants, insects, birds, and animals, Daru and his team tested how well these data represent actual global biodiversity patterns.“We were particularly interested in exploring the aspects of sampling that tend to bias (使有偏差) data, like the greater likelihood of a citizen scientist to take a picture of a flowering plant instead of the grass right next to it,” said Daru.Their study revealed that the large number of observation-only records did not lead to better global coverage. Moreover, these data are biased and favor certain regions, time periods, and species. This makes sense because the people who get observational biodiversity data on mobile devices are often citizen scientists recording their encounters with species in areas nearby. These data are also biased toward certain species with attractive or eye-catching features.What can we do with the imperfect datasets of biodiversity?“Quite a lot,” Daru explained. “Biodiversity apps can use our study results to inform users of oversampled areas and lead them to places – and even species – that are not w ell-sampled. To improve the quality of observational data, biodiversity apps can also encourage users to have an expert confirm the identification of their uploaded image.”32. What do we know about the records of species collected now?A. They are becoming outdated.B. They are mostly in electronic form.C. They are limited in number.D. They are used for public exhibition.33. What does Daru’s study focus on?A. Threatened species.B. Physical specimens.C. Observational data.D. Mobile applications.34. What has led to the biases according to the study?A. Mistakes in data analysis.B. Poor quality of uploaded pictures.C. Improper way of sampling.D. Unreliable data collection devices.35. What is Daru’s suggestion for biodiversity apps?A. Review data from certain areas.B. Hire experts to check the records.C. Confirm the identity of the users.D. Give guidance to citizen scientists.二答案解析三专家评价考查关键能力，促进思维品质发展2024年高考英语全国卷继续加强内容和形式创新，优化试题设问角度和方式，增强试题的开放性和灵活性，引导学生进行独立思考和判断，培养逻辑思维能力、批判思维能力和创新思维能力。

脚踏实地才能走的更远作文英文回答：In the tapestry of life, we are presented with numerous paths to traverse. Each step we take shapes our journey and influences the destination we reach. As we navigate through the complexities of this world, it is essential to embrace the virtue of steadfastness, a principle that has endured the test of time and guided countless individuals towards remarkable achievements."腳踏實地" is a Chinese proverb that encapsulates the essence of steadfastness. It literally translates to "step on the solid ground," emphasizing the importance of taking steady and unwavering steps. This concept goes beyond physical movement; it encompasses our thoughts, actions, and intentions. When we approach life with steadfastness, we are not swayed by fleeting distractions or discouraged by temporary setbacks. Instead, we remain grounded in our values, committed to our goals, and persistent in ourefforts.Steadfastness is a crucial ingredient in the recipe for success. It provides us with the necessary fortitude to overcome obstacles, the discipline to maintain focus, and the resilience to persevere in the face of adversity. Just as a sturdy foundation supports a towering building, steadfastness serves as the bedrock upon which we build our lives and aspirations.History is replete with examples of individuals who have achieved extraordinary heights through steadfastness. From the scientific breakthroughs of Marie Curie to thecivil rights advocacy of Nelson Mandela, these luminaries demonstrated unwavering determination and an unyielding belief in their causes. They remained steadfast in their convictions, even when confronted with skepticism, opposition, and seemingly insurmountable challenges.The path to greatness is not paved with ease or devoid of obstacles. However, with steadfastness as our compass, we can navigate through the inevitable storms and emergestronger on the other side. It is not the absence of challenges but our unwavering commitment to overcome them that defines our character and ultimately determines our destiny.In the words of Helen Keller, "Alone we can do so little; together we can do so much." Steadfastness not only benefits us as individuals but also strengthens the bonds within our communities and societies. When we stand shoulder to shoulder, united in purpose and unwavering in our resolve, we can accomplish feats that were once thought impossible.As we embark on our life's journey, let us embrace the virtue of steadfastness. Let us make it our guiding principle, our source of strength, and our unwavering companion. With every step we take, grounded in determination and resilience, we move closer to our dreams and create a legacy that will inspire generations to come.中文回答："腳踏實地"，这句中国谚语蕴含着脚踏实地的美德。

追随前人的步伐英语作文Title: Following in the Footsteps of Predecessors。

In our journey through life, we often find ourselves looking to those who came before us for guidance and inspiration. Whether it's in the realm of science, literature, or philosophy, the footsteps of our predecessors serve as a map, guiding us through the complexities of our existence. In this essay, we will explore the importance of following in the footsteps of those who came before us, examining how their wisdom and experiences can shape our own path forward.One of the most compelling reasons to follow in the footsteps of our predecessors is the wealth of knowledge they have accumulated over time. Consider the field of science, for example. Scientists throughout history have dedicated their lives to unraveling the mysteries of the universe, leaving behind a rich tapestry of discoveries and insights for future generations to build upon. By studyingthe work of pioneers such as Isaac Newton, Albert Einstein, and Marie Curie, we can gain a deeper understanding of the fundamental principles that govern the natural world.Moreover, following in the footsteps of our predecessors allows us to avoid repeating the mistakes of the past. History is replete with examples of civilizations that rose and fell due to hubris, greed, and ignorance. By studying the successes and failures of past societies, we can gain valuable insights into what makes civilizations thrive or crumble. From the downfall of the Roman Empire to the lessons of the Renaissance, history serves as a cautionary tale, reminding us of the consequences of our actions.Furthermore, following in the footsteps of our predecessors fosters a sense of continuity and connection with the past. Human civilization is a vast tapestry woven together by the contributions of countless individuals over millennia. When we study the works of Shakespeare, Plato, or Confucius, we are not merely engaging with ancient texts—we are participating in a dialogue that spanscenturies. By honoring the legacy of those who came before us, we reaffirm our place in this grand narrative, contributing our own chapter to the ongoing story of human progress.In addition to intellectual and historical significance, following in the footsteps of our predecessors can alsohave practical benefits in our personal and professional lives. Mentors, teachers, and role models provideinvaluable guidance and support as we navigate the challenges of life. Whether it's learning a new skill, starting a business, or pursuing a creative endeavor,having someone to emulate can help us avoid common pitfalls and accelerate our growth and development.However, while following in the footsteps of our predecessors can be immensely beneficial, it's essential to strike a balance between tradition and innovation. While tradition provides stability and continuity, innovation drives progress and change. The most successful individuals and societies are those that can integrate the wisdom ofthe past with the demands of the present, forging new pathsforward while remaining grounded in timeless principles.In conclusion, following in the footsteps of our predecessors is essential for personal, intellectual, and societal growth. By studying the wisdom of those who came before us, we can gain valuable insights, avoid repeating past mistakes, and foster a sense of continuity with the past. However, it's essential to strike a balance between tradition and innovation, recognizing that the truest form of homage to our predecessors is to build upon their legacy and push the boundaries of what is possible.。

FourTipsforsuccess 成功的四个小步骤作文Four Steps to a SuccessfulThe first time in life? Then grasp your chance with your perfect performance :on the dating night, by learning the following principle in heart.Dress properly. While everyone wants to give an impressive debut on the first date, you should avoid wearing something too bizarre to be accepted. If you are still in school, a sportswear can fulfill your purpose. For businessman or grownups, casual clothes are recommended. Never put up your working uniforms,no matter how well you like that Armani suit. It is no work. A few accessories such as apair of sunglasses or silver loops on the wrist can add up to the romance sphere.Take a bath before dating. And if you like, spray a ltte perfume, but unless you ' re sure that he or she likes the smell,don ' t use ones that are too strong.Watch your manner. You ' re no prince of the Scotland nor Cinderella in the Iegend. Proper manners will ensure a lasting relationship while bad ones scare away your sweetheart. And do make sure you do not boast about your fortune, for,not everyone are green addicts. And your way of smiling, or your greatestoath, Should neither be "coy" nor "by St. Loy!" after the nun in Chaucer.Be a little sensitive than merely innocent. Do make sure you do not intrude hiS or her privacy on the first date. For there maybe something deeply concealed within the inner core of every heart, of which the owner doesn ' t share often with anyone but his intimacy.Finally, wish you good luck. May you get your hearts combined and start anew journey in the miracle of life and love. Stay tuned till a borderline is reached, and keep on through out the whole way.。

乔布斯斯坦福大学毕业典礼演讲Thank you. I'm honored to be with you today for your commencement from one of the finest universities in the world. Truth be told, I never graduated from college and this is the closest I've ever gotten to a college graduation.Today I want to tell you three stories from my life. That's it. No big deal. Just three stories. The first story is about connecting the dots.I dropped out of Reed College after the first six months but then stayed around as a drop-in for another eighteen months or so before I really quit. So why did I drop out? It started before I was born. My biological mother was a young, unwed graduate student, and she decided to put me up for adoption. She felt very strongly that I should be adopted by college graduates, so everything was all set for me to be adopted at birth by a lawyer and his wife, except that when I popped out, they decided at the last minute that they really wanted a girl. So my parents, who were on a waiting list, got a call in the middle of the night asking, "We've got an unexpected baby boy. Do you want him?" They said, "Of course." My biological mother found out later that my mother had never graduated from college and that my father had never graduated from high school. She refused to sign the final adoption papers. She only relented a few months later when my parents promised that I would go to college.This was the start in my life. And seventeen years later, I did go to college, but I naively chose a college that was almost as expensive as Stanford, and all of my working-class parents' savings were being spent on my college tuition. After six months, I couldn't see the value in it.I had no idea what I wanted to do with my life, and no idea of how college was going to help me figure it out, and here I was, spending all the moneymy parents had saved their entire life. So I decided to drop out and trust that it would all work out OK. It was pretty scary at the time, but lookingback, it was one of the best decisions I ever made. The minute I dropped out, I could stop taking the required classes that didn't interest me andbegin dropping in on the ones that looked far more interestingIt wasn't all romantic. I didn't have a dorm room, so I slept on the floor in friends' rooms. I returned Coke bottles for the five-cent deposits to buy food with, and I would walk the seven miles across town every Sunday night to get one good meal a week at the Hare Krishna temple.I loved it.And much of what I stumbled into by following my curiosity and intuition turned out to be priceless later on. Let me give you one example.Reed College at that time offered perhaps the best calligraphy instruction in the country. Throughout the campus every poster, every label on every drawer was beautifully hand-calligraphed. Because I had dropped out and didn't have to take the normal classes, I decided to take a calligraphy class to learn how to do this. I learned about serif and sans-serif typefaces, about varying the amount of space between different letter combinations, about what makes great typography great. It was beautiful,historical, artistically subtle in a way that science can't capture, and I found it fascinating.None of this had even a hope of any practical application in my life. But ten years later when we were designing the first Macintosh computer, it all came back to me, and we designed it all into the Mac. It was the first computer with beautiful typography. If I had never dropped in on that single course in college, the Mac would have never had multiple typefaces or proportionally spaced fonts, and since Windows just copiedthe Mac, it's likely that no personal computer would have them.If I had never dropped out, I would have never dropped in on that calligraphy class and personals computers might not have the wonderful typography that they do.Of course it was impossible to connect the dots looking forward when I was in college, but it was very, very clear looking backwards 10 years later.Again, you can't connect the dots looking forward. You can only connect them looking backwards, so you have to trust that the dots will somehow connect in your future. You have to trust in something--your gut, destiny,life, karma, whatever--because believing that the dots will connect down the road will give you the confidence to follow your heart, even when it leads you off the well-worn path, and that will make all the differenceMy second story is about love and loss. I was lucky. I found what I loved to do early in life. Woz and I started Apple in my parents' garage when I was twenty. We worked hard and in ten years, Apple had grown from just the two of us in a garage into a $2 billion company with over 4,000 employees.We'd just released our finest creation, the Macintosh, a year earlier, and I'd just turned thirty, and then I got fired. How can you get fired from a company you started? Well, as Apple grew, we hired someone who I thought was very talented to run the company with me, and for the first year or so, things went well. But then our visions of the future began to diverge, and eventually we had a falling out. When we did, our board of directors sided with him, and so at thirty, I was out, and very publicly out. What had been the focus of my entire adult life was gone, and it was devastating. I really didn't know what to do for a few months.I felt that I had let the previous generation of entrepreneurs down, that I had dropped the baton as it was being passed to me. I met with David Packard and Bob Noyce and tried to apologize for screwing up so badly.I was a very public failure and I even thought about running away from the Valley. But something slowly began to dawn on me. I still loved what I did. The turn of events at Apple had not changed that one bit. I'd been rejected but I was still in love. And so I decided to start over.I didn't see it then, but it turned out that getting fired from Apple was the best thing that could have ever happened to me. The heaviness of being successful was replaced by the lightness of being a beginner again, less sure about everything. It freed me to enter one of the most creative periods in my life. During the next five years I started a company namedNeXT, another company named Pixar and fell in love with an amazing womanwho would become my wife. Pixar went on to create the world's first computer-animated feature film, "Toy Story," and is now the most successful animation studio in the world.In a remarkable turn of events, Apple bought NeXT and I returned to Apple and the technology we developed at NeXT is at the heart of Apple's current renaissance, and Lorene and I have a wonderful family together.I'm pretty sure none of this would have happened if I hadn't been fired from Apple. It was awful-tasting medicine but I guess the patient neededit. Sometimes life's going to hit you in the head with a brick. Don't losefaith. I'm convinced that the only thing that kept me going was that Iloved what I did. You've got to find what you love, and that is as true for work as it is for your lovers. Your work is going to fill a large part of your life, and the only way to be truly satisfied is to do whatyou believe is great work, and the only way to do great work is to love what you do. If you haven't found it yet, keep looking, and don't settle. As with all matters of the heart, you'll know when you find it, and like any great relationship it just gets better and better as the years roll on. So keep looking. Don't settle.My third story is about death. When I was 17 I read a quote that went something like "If you live each day as if it was your last, someday you'llmost certainly be right." It made an impression on me, and since then, for the past 33 years, I have looked in the mirror every morning and asked myself, "If today were the last day of my life, would I want to do what I am about to do today?" And whenever the answer has been "no" for too many days in a row, I know I need to change something. Remembering that I'll be dead soon is the most important thing I've ever encountered to help me make the big choices in life, because almost everything--all external expectations, all pride, all fear of embarrassment or failure --these things just fall away in the face of death, leaving only what is truly important.Remembering that you are going to die is the best way I know to avoid the trap of thinking you have something to lose. You are already naked. There is no reason not to follow your heart.About a year ago, I was diagnosed with cancer. I had a scan at 7:30 in the morning and it clearly showed a tumor on my pancreas. I didn't even know what a pancreas was. The doctors told me this was almost certainly a type of cancer that is incurable, and that I should expect to live no longer than three to six months. My doctor advised me to go home and get my affairs in order, which is doctors' code for "prepare to die." It means to try and tell your kids everything you thought you'd have the next ten years to tell them, in just a few months. It means to make sure that everything is buttoned up so that it will be as easy as possible for yourfamily. It means to say your goodbyes.I lived with that diagnosis all day. Later that evening I had a biopsywhere they stuck an endoscope down my throat, through my stomach into myintestines, put a needle into my pancreas and got a few cells from thetumor. I was sedated but my wife, who was there, told me that when theyviewed the cells under a microscope, the doctor started crying, because it turned out to be a very rare form of pancreatic cancer that is curable with surgery. I had the surgery and, thankfully, I am fine now.This was the closest I've been to facing death, and I hope it's the closest I get for a few more decades. Having lived through it, I can now say this to you with a bit more certainty than when death was a useful but purely intellectual concept. No one wants to die, even people who want to go to Heaven don't want to die to get there, and yet, death is the destination we all share. No one has ever escaped it. And that is as it should be, because death is very likely the single best invention of life. It's life's change agent; it clears out the old to make way for the new. right now, the new is you. But someday, not too long from now, you will gradually become the old and be cleared away. Sorry to be so dramatic, but it's quite true.Your time is limited, so don't waste it living someone else's life. Don't be trapped by dogma, which is living with the results of other people's thinking. Don't let the noise of others' opinions drown out your own inner voice, heart and intuition. They somehow already know what you truly want to become. Everything else is secondary.When I was young, there was an amazing publication called The Whole Earth Catalogue, which was one of the bibles of my generation. It wascreated by a fellow named Stuart Brand not far from here in Menlo Park, and he brought it to life with his poetic touch. This was in the late Sixties, before personal computers and desktop publishing, so it was all made with typewriters, scissors, and Polaroid cameras. it was sort of like Google in paperback form thirty-five years before Google came along. It was idealistic, overflowing with neat tools and great notions. Stuart and his team put out several issues of the The Whole Earth Catalogue, and then when it had run its course, they put out a final issue. It was the mid-Seventies and I was your age. On the back cover of their final issue was a photograph of an early morning country road, the kind you might find yourself hitchhiking on if you were so adventurous. Beneath were the words, "Stay hungry, stay foolish." It was their farewell message as they signed off. "Stay hungry, stay foolish." And I have always wished that for myself, and now, as you graduate to begin anew, I wish that for you. Stay hungry, stay foolish.Thank you all, very muchYour time is limited, so don't waste it living someone else's life. Don't be trapped by dogma, which is living with the results of other people's thinking. Don't let the noise of others' opinions drown out your own inner voice, heart and intuition. They somehow already know what you truly want to become. Everything else is secondary."If you live each day as if it was your last, someday you'll most certainly be right." It made an impression on me, and since then, for the past 33 years, I have looked in the mirror every morning and askedmyself, "If today were the last day of my life, would I want to do what I am about to do today?" And whenever the answer has been "no" for too many days in a row, I know I need to change something. Remembering that I'll be dead soon is the most important thing I've ever encountered to help me make the big choices in life, because almost everything--all external expectations, all pride, all fear of embarrassment or failure --these things just fall away in the face of death, leaving only what is truly important.Remembering that you are going to die is the best way I know to avoid the trap of thinking you have something to lose. You are already naked. There is no reason not to follow your heart.。

《2024年1月浙江首考英语卷深度解析及变式训练》专题05 阅读理解D篇(解析+词汇+变式+技巧+模拟) 原卷版养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。

做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题,书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。

关键词：说明文, 人与社会, 棉花糖测试, 心理测试, 信息轰炸, 抵御诱惑The Stanford marshmallow (棉花糖) test was originally conducted by psychologist Walter Mischel in the late 1960s. Children aged four to six at a nursery school were placed in a room. A single sugary treat, selected by the child, was placed on a table. Each child was told if they waited for 15 minutes before eating the treat, they would be given a second treat. Then they were left alone in the room. Follow-up studies with the children later in life showed a connect ion between an ability to wait long enough to obtain a second treat and various forms of success.As adults we face a version of the marshmallow test every day. We’ re not tempted (诱惑) by sugary treats, but by our computers, phones, and tablets — all the devices that connect us to the global delivery system for various types of information that do to us what marshmallows do to preschoolers.We are tempted by sugary treats because our ancestors lived in a calorie-poor world, and our brains developed a response mechanism to these treats that reflected their value —a feeling of reward and satisfaction. But as we’ve reshaped the world around us, dramatically reducing the cost and effort involved in obtaining calories, we still have the same brains we had thousands of years ago, and this mismatch is at the heart of why so many of us struggle to resist tempting foods that we know we shouldn’t eat.A similar process is at work in our response to information. Our formative environment as a species was information-poor, so our brains developed a mechanism that prized new information. But global connectivity has greatly changed our information environment. We are now ceaselessly bombarded (轰炸) with new information. Therefore, just as we need to be more thoughtful about our caloric consumption, we also need to be more thoughtful about our information consumption, resisting the temptation of the mental “junk food” in order to manage our time most effectively.32. What did the children need to do to get a second treat in Mischel’s test?A. Take an examination alone.B. Show respect for the researchers.C. Share their treats with others.D. Delay eating for fifteen minutes.33. According to paragraph 3, there is a mismatch between_______.A. the calorie-poor world and our good appetitesB. the shortage of sugar and our nutritional needsC. the rich food supply and our unchanged brainsD. the tempting foods and our efforts to keep fit34. What does the author suggest readers do?A. Absorb new information readily.B. Be selective information consumers.C. Use diverse information sources.D. Protect the information environment.35. Which of the following is the best title for the text?A. Eat Less, Read MoreB. The Bitter Truth about Early HumansC. The Later, the BetterD. The Marshmallow Test for Grownups一、高频单词1. originally ad.2. psychologist n.3. nursery n.4. treat n.5. follow-up a.6. version n.7. tempt vt.8. tablet n.9. device n.10. delivery n.11. preschooler n.12. ancestor n.13. calorie-poor a.14. mechanism n. 15. reflect vt.16. reward n.17. reshape vt.18. dramatically ad.19. calorie n.20. mismatch n.21. species n.22. information-poor a.23. prize vt.24. connectivity n.25. ceaselessly ad.26. thoughtful a.27. consumption n.28. resist vt.29. mental a.30. effectively ad.31. delay vt.32. appetite n.33. shortage n. 34. absorb vt.35. readily ad.36. selective a.37. diverse a.38. bitter a.二、高频词块1. in the late 1960s2. sugary treat3. leave sb alone4. be involved in5. at the heart of6. in response to7. show respect for8. delay doing三、长难句翻译1. We are tempted by sugary treats because our ancestors lived in a calorie-poor world, and our brains developed a response mechanism to these treats that reflected their value —a feeling of reward and satisfaction.我们被含糖食物所诱惑，因为我们的祖先生活在一个热量匮乏的世界里，我们的大脑对这些食物产生了反应机制，反映了它们的价值——一种奖励和满足感。

routine练习题一、词汇练习1. 选择正确的单词填空：1. I usually _______ to work bus.2. She _______ her homework every evening.A. doesB. doC. does not doD. doesn't do3. They _______ a movie last night.A. watchB. watchesC. watchedD. watching2. 选择正确的词组：1. I _______ (go, going) to the gym this morning.2. He _______ (be, is) late for school again.3. She _______ (do, does) her homework every day.3. 选择正确的形容词：1. This is a _______ (good, bad) book.2. She is a _______ (smart, silly) girl.3. The weather is very _______ (hot, cold) today.二、语法练习1. 选择正确的时态：1. I _______ (go, went) to the park yesterday.2. She _______ (be, was) happy when she received the gift.3. They _______ (do, did) their homework last night.2. 选择正确的语态：1. The teacher _______ (teach, is taught) Mr. Wang.2. The book _______ (write, is written) a famous author.3. The letter _______ (send, is sent) to her last week.3. 选择正确的连词：1. I _______ (go, am going) to the movies, _______ (because, because of) I have free time.2. She _______ (like, likes) coffee, _______ (but, but) she doesn't like tea.3. I _______ (finish, finished) my homework, _______ (so, so) I can go out now.三、阅读理解1. 阅读短文，回答问题：1. What is the main idea of the passage?2. Who is the main character in the story?3. What happens at the end of the passage?2. 阅读文章，判断正误：1. The story is about a boy who goes to the park every weekend.2. The boy meets his friends at the park and they play games together.3. The boy goes home after playing games with his friends.3. 阅读文章，找出关键信息：1. What is the author's favorite color?2. Why does the author like this color?3. What does the author think about other colors?四、写作练习1. 介绍动物的名字和种类。

斯坦福大学的英语发言稿Ladies and gentlemen, esteemed faculty members, and my fellow students,It is a great honor and privilege to stand before you today as a representative of Stanford University. As we gather here, we not only reflect on the prestigious history of this institution but also look towards the bright future that lies ahead for each and every one of us.First and foremost, I would like to express my heartfelt congratulations to the graduating class of [year]. Your hard work, dedication, and perseverance have brought you to this momentous occasion, and I know that the knowledge and skills you have gained during your time at Stanford will serve as a strong foundation for your future endeavors. I stand here today in awe of your achievements and look forward to hearing about the great things you will accomplish in the years to come.For those of us who are not yet at the end of our academic journey, I want to remind you that the road ahead may be challenging, but it is also filled with opportunities for growth, learning, and discovery. As we continue to pursue our studies and engage with the vibrant community here at Stanford, let us take advantage of every chance to expand our minds, challenge our assumptions, and contribute to the collective body of knowledge that drives progress and innovation.To the faculty and staff who have worked tirelessly to support us in our academic pursuits, I extend my deepest gratitude. Yourguidance, encouragement, and expertise have been instrumental in shaping our experiences at Stanford, and we are forever indebted to you for the wisdom and mentorship you have provided. Please know that the impact of your efforts extends far beyond the classroom and leaves an enduring mark on the hearts and minds of your students.I would also like to take this opportunity to thank the families and loved ones who have stood by us throughout our time at Stanford. Your unwavering support, love, and understanding have been crucial to our success, and we are deeply grateful for the sacrifices you have made to help us achieve our goals. Your belief in us has been a source of strength and motivation, and we are proud to share these accomplishments with you.As we consider the immense privilege and responsibility of being part of the Stanford community, it is important for us to reflect on the values that define this institution and guide our actions. Stanford's commitment to excellence, integrity, and inclusiveness has made it a beacon of innovation, progress, and social change, and it is incumbent upon each of us to uphold these principles in all that we do.We live in a world that is beset by myriad challenges, from climate change and global inequality to political division and social injustice. In the face of these complex and urgent problems, I urge my fellow students to embrace a spirit of active engagement and advocate for positive change in our communities and beyond. Whether through our academic pursuits, extracurricular activities, or future careers, we have the power to make a difference andcontribute to a more equitable and sustainable world.At the same time, let us also remember to savor the simple joys and moments of connection that enrich our lives. The friendships we have formed, the experiences we have shared, and the lessons we have learned are as much a part of our Stanford experience as our scholarly achievements. Let us continue to cherish these bonds and cultivate a sense of empathy, understanding, and compassion as we move forward in our respective paths.In closing, I want to emphasize my unwavering faith in the potential of each and every one of us gathered here today. We are bound by a common pursuit of knowledge, a shared commitment to excellence, and a deep appreciation for the opportunities afforded to us by Stanford University. Let us seize the moment, embrace the challenges, and strive to make our mark on the world with courage, resilience, and purpose.Congratulations once again to the graduating class, and here's to a future filled with endless possibility and boundless potential. Thank you.。

正确的学习方法将事半功倍英语作文Sure! Here's a composition on the topic "The Right Study Methods for Better Results" written in a primary school student's voice. The article is approximately 1000 words long.The Right Study Methods for Better ResultsHi everyone! Today, I want to share some awesome tips on how to study smarter, not harder. Learning can be a lot of fun if we use the right methods. So, let's dive in and discover how we can achieve great results with less effort!Tip 1: Set GoalsFirst things first, we need to set clear goals for ourselves. What do we want to achieve? Maybe we want to improve our vocabulary or become better at reading. When we have a clear goal in mind, it becomes easier to plan our study sessions and keep track of our progress. Remember, small and achievable goals are the key!Tip 2: Create a Study ScheduleOnce we have our goals, it's time to create a study schedule. By having a fixed study time every day, we can develop a routine that helps us stay focused. Make sure to choose a comfortableand quiet place to study where there are no distractions. It could be a cozy corner in your room or a peaceful spot in the library.Tip 3: Break It DownSometimes, studying a whole subject can feel overwhelming. But don't worry, we can break it down into smaller parts. Let's say we have a big English test coming up. We can divide the topics and allocate specific study sessions to each one. This way, we can cover everything without feeling stressed. Remember, little by little, we can conquer any challenge!Tip 4: Use Visual AidsVisual aids are super helpful when it comes to learning. You can create colorful flashcards with new words or concepts and stick them on the wall. Whenever you pass by, take a quick look and try to remember what they mean. You can also use diagrams, charts, or even draw funny pictures to help you remember information. Learning with visuals makes studying more exciting!Tip 5: Practice, Practice, PracticePractice makes perfect! To become better at anything, we need to practice regularly. In the case of English, we can practice by reading books, newspapers, or even online articles. We can also listen to English songs, watch movies, or engage inconversations with friends or family members who speak English. The more we practice, the more our language skills will improve!Tip 6: Take BreaksStudying for long hours without breaks can make our brains tired. To keep our minds fresh and alert, it's important to take short breaks during our study sessions. We can go for a quick walk, play a game, or have a healthy snack. These breaks help us recharge and retain information better. Remember, a rested brain is a productive brain!Tip 7: Review and ReviseAfter we finish studying a topic, it's essential to review and revise what we have learned. We can create summary notes or use mnemonic techniques to remember important details. Regular revision helps us retain information in our long-term memory. So, don't forget to set aside some time for revision in your study schedule.Tip 8: Stay Positive and Have FunLast but not least, always stay positive and have fun while learning. Learning should never be a burden but an exciting journey. Celebrate your achievements, no matter how small, anddon't get discouraged by setbacks. Remember, every step you take towards your goal is a step closer to success!So, my dear friends, let's use these awesome study methods and make our learning journey a breeze. With the right techniques, we can achieve amazing results without feeling overwhelmed. Good luck, and remember to enjoy the process!I hope you find this composition helpful! If you have any more questions or need further assistance, feel free to ask.。

美国演讲专家理查德即兴演讲的“四步曲”是什么所谓即兴演讲，就是演讲者在没有准备或没有充分准备的情况下临时发表的讲话，也叫即席演讲。

但正如著名演讲大师卡耐基所言:无任何准备的演讲只是信口开河，根本不是真正的演讲。

因此，即席演讲虽不像一般演讲那样需要有充足的时间来进行准备，但也不是不用准备或不能准备的，预测性准备和临场性准备就是最基本的两种准备方法。

下面小编为你整理关于即兴演讲的四部曲，希望能帮到你。

美国演讲专家理查德即兴演讲的“四步曲”面对即兴演讲，您心急火燎，抓耳挠腮;张口结舌，窘境难堪——别着急，我送您一个好方法.即兴演讲通常是在一定的场合下，演讲者事先未作准备，只是根据需要而作的临时发言.因此，即兴演讲在思维的敏捷性、语言的逻辑性和口头表达的雄辩性方面都有更高的要求.如何做好即兴演讲，避免因措手不及而陷入难堪的境地呢?美国演讲专家理查德总结了一个即兴演讲的“四步曲”，这四步是：1.喂，喂!2.为什么要浪费这个口舌?3.举例.4.怎么办?第一步“喂，喂!”提示我们必须首先呼唤起听众的兴趣.理查德说：“不要平铺直叙地开始演讲：今天，我要讲的内容是保障行人生命安全……’你最好这样开头：‘在上星期四，特购的450具晶莹闪亮的棺材已运到了我们的城市……’”理查德设计的这一开头语虽然不符合我们中国人的忌讳心理，但它无疑具有一种先声夺人的气势，它能激听众之疑，使他们很想弄清事情的究竟.为什么要费这个口舌”是第二步.理查德说，接下去你应向听众讲明为什么应当听你演讲.若谈交通安全问题，可这样讲：“不讲交通安全，那订购的450具棺材也许在等待着我，等待着你，等待着我们的亲人.”理查德所讲述的“为什么”既联系着“我”(演讲者)，又联系着“你”(听讲者)，还联系着会场外你我有关系的千千万万的“亲人”，这就使所有的与会者不知不觉地成了他的“俘虏”，在心理上与他产生了共鸣.紧接着的第三步为“举例”.理查德指出，比如谈交通安全问题，你若用活生生的事例来说明那些会使人们送命的潜在因素，远比只讲那些干巴巴的条文要好得多.事实上，演讲的传播媒介主要是口语，辅之以体态语.与书面语相比，口语和体态语在传达事例方面比传达条文更具有优势.特别是即兴演讲，我们更要注意在这方面扬长避短.“怎么办”是最后一步.理查德要求演讲者注意的是，这一步一定要告诉听众你谈了老半天是想让人家做些什么，最好能讲得生动一点、具体一点、实际一点.从根本上说，“怎么办”是演讲者的目的所在，如果演讲者忘记了这一步，或者这一步处理不好，就会给听众留下无的放矢或不知所云的感觉.理查德还认为，“为什么”和“举例”这两部分如同馅饼里的馅，味道全在这里面.但是，这两部分要与引人注意的“喂，喂”和结尾的“怎么办”相呼应.掌握理查德的“四步曲”，能使我们在大庭广众之中泰然自若地、有条不紊地陈述自己的观点，而不会陷入张口结舌、东扯西拉的窘境.面对即兴演讲，您心急火燎，抓耳挠腮;张口结舌，窘境难堪——别着急，我送您一个好方法.即兴演讲通常是在一定的场合下，演讲者事先未作准备，只是根据需要而作的临时发言.因此，即兴演讲在思维的敏捷性、语言的逻辑性和口头表达的雄辩性方面都有更高的要求.如何做好即兴演讲，避免因措手不及而陷入难堪的境地呢?美国演讲专家理查德总结了一个即兴演讲的“四步曲”，这四步是：1.喂，喂!2.为什么要浪费这个口舌?3.举例.4.怎么办?第一步“喂，喂!”提示我们必须首先呼唤起听众的兴趣.理查德说：“不要平铺直叙地开始演讲：今天，我要讲的内容是保障行人生命安全……’你最好这样开头：‘在上星期四，特购的450具晶莹闪亮的棺材已运到了我们的城市……’”理查德设计的这一开头语虽然不符合我们中国人的忌讳心理，但它无疑具有一种先声夺人的气势，它能激听众之疑，使他们很想弄清事情的究竟.为什么要费这个口舌”是第二步.理查德说，接下去你应向听众讲明为什么应当听你演讲.若谈交通安全问题，可这样讲：“不讲交通安全，那订购的450具棺材也许在等待着我，等待着你，等待着我们的亲人.”理查德所讲述的“为什么”既联系着“我”(演讲者)，又联系着“你”(听讲者)，还联系着会场外你我有关系的千千万万的“亲人”，这就使所有的与会者不知不觉地成了他的“俘虏”，在心理上与他产生了共鸣.紧接着的第三步为“举例”.理查德指出，比如谈交通安全问题，你若用活生生的事例来说明那些会使人们送命的潜在因素，远比只讲那些干巴巴的条文要好得多.事实上，演讲的传播媒介主要是口语，辅之以体态语.与书面语相比，口语和体态语在传达事例方面比传达条文更具有优势.特别是即兴演讲，我们更要注意在这方面扬长避短.“怎么办”是最后一步.理查德要求演讲者注意的是，这一步一定要告诉听众你谈了老半天是想让人家做些什么，最好能讲得生动一点、具体一点、实际一点.从根本上说，“怎么办”是演讲者的目的所在，如果演讲者忘记了这一步，或者这一步处理不好，就会给听众留下无的放矢或不知所云的感觉.理查德还认为，“为什么”和“举例”这两部分如同馅饼里的馅，味道全在这里面.但是，这两部分要与引人注意的“喂，喂”和结尾的“怎么办”相呼应.掌握理查德的“四步曲”，能使我们在大庭广众之中泰然自若地、有条不紊地陈述自己的观点，而不会陷入张口结舌、东扯西拉的窘境.即兴演讲的技巧1、保持警觉，选准话题。