RTY系列霍尔效应旋转位置传感器

TT electronics推出具有出色旋转寿命的旋转位置传
感器
英国萨里郡惠桥，2013年7月15日：TT electronics 传感及控制事业部现在推出一系列全新非接触式旋转位置传感器产品，能提供具有高达1亿次旋转寿命的卓越性能。

MagnePot系列旋转位置传感器经特别设计，具有35o至360o的电子检测角度，可以在严苛的条件下可靠地运作，集成了霍尔效应（Hall effect）非接触式技术，这意味着它们不会象采用接触技术的器件那样造成磨损，并且输出信号在产品寿命周期内不会发生衰减，因此适用于需要最低限度维护的应用。

6120系列为7/8英寸本体直径，轴套安装，以及1000万次旋转寿命。

此外，还可提供在严苛环境下使用的带有密封轴，后盖和涂层电子组件的专有设计。

该系列产品需要5Vdc的供电，输出电压范围为供电电压的3% 到96%。

6150系列具有与6120系列相同的电气性能和特性，然而，其创新的伺服安装能提供1亿次旋转寿命，同时还提供多种输出电压选项，两款产品系列的工作温度范围都为-40o至+125oC。

简述霍尔式转速传感器的检测方法
霍尔式转速传感器是一种常用的转速传感器,通过检测霍尔效应
来实现对转速的测量。

以下是霍尔式转速传感器的检测方法:
1. 校准:霍尔式转速传感器需要经过校准才能准确测量转速。

校准方法一般为将传感器固定在一个已知转速的电机上,观察传感器输
出的脉冲数或电压值是否与电机转速相匹配,如果不匹配则需要进行
校准。

2. 测量输出电压:霍尔式转速传感器通常输出一个霍尔电压,这
个电压与电机转速成正比。

可以通过测量输出电压来估算电机转速。

3. 测量输出脉冲数:霍尔式转速传感器也输出一个脉冲数,这个
脉冲数与电机转速成反比。

可以通过测量输出脉冲数来估算电机转速。

4. 使用比较器:可以使用比较器来比较传感器输出脉冲数和电
机转速,从而估算电机转速。

需要注意的是,霍尔式转速传感器的输出精度受到霍尔元件本身
的影响,同时也受到机械损耗和电流误差等因素的影响,因此需要进
行校准和不断优化,以提高测量精度和稳定性。

带旋转方向识别的霍尔传感器原理与检修霍尔传感器因其具有结构简单、抗干扰性强等优点，在汽车上取得了广泛的应用，迈腾B8发动机转速传感器G28就是霍尔传感器。

根据配置不同，迈腾B8采用2种不同的霍尔传感器：普通的霍尔传感器和带旋转方向的霍尔传感器。

带启停功能发动机采用的就是带旋转方向的霍尔传感器。

本文将对带旋转方向的G28的原理进行深入研究，并对其检修给出合理建议。

1 G28简介G28在B8发动机上主要用于探测曲轴的转速和位置。

它采用了一个60减2尺的传感轮，并和霍尔传感器G40一起准确识别发动机所处的具体位置，如图1所示。

这样就能准确的计算出燃油喷射时长、喷射时刻，点火时刻等数据。

图1 G28位置图迈腾B8上霍尔传感器G28，根据车型配置不同分为普通型和带旋转方向识别两种，如下图所示。

二者都由霍尔片和控制单元组成，不同的是带旋转方向的G28比普通的G28多一片霍尔片，有3片，而且霍尔片不是均匀分布的，如图2、图3所示。

图2 普通G28 图3 带旋转方向识别G28 霍尔传感器在工作时基本不会产生磨损。

传感轮是通过无接触的方式来感应的。

因发动机变热以后传感器与传感轮的距离可能会发生变化，而霍尔传感器对传感轮之间的距离以及振动等因素并不是十分敏感，因此霍尔传感器在汽车上得到了广泛应用。

2 G28工作原理霍尔传感器是根据所谓的霍尔效应工作的,霍尔效应则是以美国物理学家埃德温.霍尔的名字命名。

霍尔传感器G28实际上就是一个电磁开关，大小只有1平方毫米左右。

霍尔传感器G28由半导体晶片和阈值开关组成，如图4所示。

图4 G28组成2.1 半导体晶片半导体中的电子呈均匀分布，半导体层如果被磁场贯穿电子就会沿着与电流垂直的方向往一侧移动，从而导致电子分布不均。

一侧电子过多，而另一侧电子则过少，于是就产生了电压，在这里就是所谓的霍尔电压。

如果磁场消失，电子又会重新均匀分布，致使测量不到电压。

如果定期施加或撤销磁场就可以测得持续的电压变化，如图5所示。

霍尔传感器测量转速原理
霍尔传感器是一种基于霍尔效应原理的传感器，可以用于测量转速、位置、磁场等物
理量。

在测量转速时，霍尔传感器被安装在旋转物体的表面上，当旋转物体通过传感器时，会产生磁场变化，霍尔传感器可以测量出这种磁场变化，并从中计算出旋转物体的转速。

在霍尔传感器测量转速时，需要注意以下几个方面：
1.传感器的安装位置：传感器的位置应该尽可能靠近旋转轴心，保持与旋转轴心间的
距离尽量小，这样可以最大程度地提高测量的精度。

2.磁场变化的探测：传感器需要探测旋转物体所产生的磁场变化，因此需要使用磁铁
或者其他磁性材料来产生磁场。

磁铁应该与传感器保持一定的距离，以避免磁场过强影响
传感器的工作。

3.霍尔元件的特性：霍尔元件在磁场变化时会产生电压信号，这个信号的大小与磁场
变化的大小成正比。

不同的霍尔元件具有不同的灵敏度和线性度，因此需要选择合适的元件，以保证测量的精度和可靠性。

4.信号处理和计算：传感器采集到的信号需要进行放大、滤波、A/D转换等处理，最
终计算出旋转物体的转速。

为了提高测量精度和稳定性，可以采用多种信号处理技术，如
数字滤波、PID调节等。

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霍尼韦尔传感器在交通运输业中的应用传感器常见问题解决方法霍尔效应旋转位置传感器使用磁场代替机械电刷或表盘，专用于测量运动部件的角位置。

这种产品接受具有磁性偏置的霍尔效应集成电路（IC）来检测工作范围内的执行器转轴的旋转运动。

原理是执行器转轴的旋转使得磁铁相对IC的位置发生更改，并导致磁通密度更改，这种更改zui终被转换为线性输出。

传感器的内部应用磁场代替了电位器中的机械电刷或接触刷，而后者在运转中产生的摩擦往往会降低设备使用寿命。

因此，本产品系列接受的非接触式磁性霍尔效应技术大幅降低了机械磨损和执行器扭矩，从而延长了设备的使用寿命。

霍尔效应旋转位置传感器适用于多种交通运输业和工业领域的严苛应用，并成本效益。

交通运输业应用1.踏板位置传检测在一些重型或其他种类的车辆中，霍尔效应旋转位置传感器可用来代替油门拉索。

比如，霍尼韦尔RTY系列霍尔效应旋转位置传感器可安装在踏板一侧，用来测量踏板被下压的幅度。

随着驾驶者踩踏板的力增大，踏板下压的幅度也相应增大，向发动机输送的空气和燃料也就更多，车辆就会提速。

当驾驶者松开踏板时，霍尔效应旋转位置传感器会感应到踏板位置的变化，并向发动机发送信号来削减流过节流板的空气和汽油，车辆就会减速。

拉索会产生过度拉伸或锈蚀等问题，潜在地加添了维护和再校准负担。

使用传感器代替拉索将优化发动机掌控系统的响应，从而削减了车辆排放、提高了牢靠性、并防止车辆过重。

总的来说，电子线控系统相比旧式的线缆连接系统更加安全也更加经济。

2.客车和卡车的悬架位移/跪倾位置检测霍尔效应旋转位置传感器可用于客车或重型车辆的高度系统来感应悬架系统的位置变化。

客车的跪倾系统可使其上部结构位置降低，便利乘客上车。

霍尔效应旋转位置传感器可同时用在系统的操作端和执行端上：一个位置传感器用来检测操纵杆的位置，第二个传感器部署在悬吊臂或悬吊臂连接装置上来检测车辆高度。

的位置传感能保证车辆处于符合应用系统所要求的高度上，从而便利了上下车辆。

霍尔传感器的原理应用1. 霍尔传感器的原理霍尔传感器是一种利用霍尔效应来测量磁场强度或检测磁场变化的传感器。

霍尔效应是指当导体中有电流通过时，若置于磁场中，会在导体两侧产生一种横向电场的现象。

这种横向电场产生的电势差就被称为霍尔电势。

霍尔传感器的原理主要基于这一效应，通过测量霍尔电势的大小来间接测量磁场的强度。

基本的霍尔传感器由霍尔元件和信号处理电路组成。

当磁场施加于霍尔元件上时，电路中产生的霍尔电势会引起信号处理电路的变化，从而实现对磁场的检测。

2. 霍尔传感器的应用霍尔传感器在各个领域都有广泛的应用。

下面列举了几个典型的应用场景。

•磁力计测量：霍尔传感器可以用来测量磁力的大小和方向。

例如，在汽车工业中，霍尔传感器可以被用于测量车辆的速度和转向角度。

同时，霍尔传感器还可以被用于测量电动机的转速和位置。

•磁条刷卡：霍尔传感器可以被应用于磁条卡的读取。

磁条卡中包含了一些磁性颗粒，当磁条刷过霍尔传感器时，传感器可以检测到磁场的变化，并将其转化为相应的电信号，实现磁条卡的读取和识别。

•磁通测量：霍尔传感器可以被用来测量磁通的大小。

磁通是单位时间内通过一面给定面积的磁场强度的量度。

在电力系统中，霍尔传感器可以被用来测量发电机或变压器中的磁通变化，从而实现对电力系统的监测和控制。

•安全检测：由于霍尔传感器对磁场的敏感性，它可以被用于安全检测领域。

例如，在电梯和自动扶梯中，霍尔传感器可以被用来检测电梯或扶梯是否正常运行，通过对磁场的检测，实现安全控制和故障报警。

•位置检测：霍尔传感器可以用于位置检测。

例如，在工业机械中，霍尔传感器可以被用来检测机械设备的位置，从而实现对设备的控制和监测。

以上只是霍尔传感器应用的几个例子，实际上，霍尔传感器还有许多其他应用领域，如电子设备、航天航空、医疗器械等等。

3. 霍尔传感器的优势和限制霍尔传感器具有许多优势，这也是它被广泛应用的原因之一。

•非接触式检测：相比于其他传感器（如光电传感器、触摸传感器等），霍尔传感器可以实现非接触式检测，不需要物理接触被测物体，从而减少了传感器与被测物体的摩擦和磨损。

霍尔转速传感器原理图
以下是霍尔转速传感器的原理图，文中没有标题相同的文字：
霍尔转速传感器原理图
[图中标注的数字为主要元件]
1. 外壳：由非磁性材料制成，用于保护内部元件。

2. 霍尔元件：由霍尔传感器芯片组成的元件，用于测量磁场的变化。

3. 永久磁铁：通过轴心固定，并与转动的目标物相连。

磁场的变化将影响霍尔元件的输出。

4. 输出引脚：用于将霍尔元件的输出信号传送到外部电路。

5. 电源引脚：连接电源，提供工作所需的电力。

6. 地引脚：连接地线，确保电路的正常工作。

霍尔转速传感器的工作原理如下：
1. 外部目标物（例如转轮）上的磁铁在转动时产生磁场变化。

2. 霍尔元件感应到磁场的变化，并将其转化为电信号。

3. 通过输出引脚将电信号传送到外部电路，用于测量转速等参数。

4. 外部电路对输入的电信号进行处理和分析，得到所需的转速数据。

注意：以上是一般霍尔转速传感器的原理图，具体的电路和元件可能会有所不同。