2013年高考英语一轮复习学案专题1：冠词

冠词一、不定冠词的基本用法1．表示数量“一”，相当于“one”。

I’ll return in a day or two.2．表示“同一”，相当于“the same”。

The children are of an age.3．表示泛指或类指，指人或事物的某一个、某一类。

He wants to be a doctor.4．用于某一些表示重量、长度、时间等单位前，表示“每一”。

We have meals three times a day.5．用于专有名词前表示类似的一个或某一个，相当于“a certain”。

A Mr.Li is asking to see you.6．与某些物质名词或抽象名词连用，表示“一种、一类、一份、一场、一阵……”。

a heavy rain7．用在某些固定词组中。

have a swim＝swim二、定冠词的基本用法1．用于上文提到过的人或事物前。

I have bought a book.The book is very useful.2．用于说话人与听话人都知道的人或事物前。

Close the window，please.3．用于表示世界上独一无二的事物前，如：the sun。

4．用于表示方位的名词之前，如：in the east。

5．用于序数词或形容词的最高级之前，如：the first。

6．用于形容词之前，使其名词化，表示一类人。

7．用于由普通名词构成的专有名词之前。

8．用于江河、海洋、海峡、山脉、群岛、建筑物等的名词之前，如：the West Lake。

9．用于复数姓氏之前，表示“夫妇”或“全家”。

10．用于作为课程或演奏等的西洋乐器名词前，如：play the piano，play the violin。

11．用于表示单位的名词前，如：by the day按日。

12．用于年代、朝代、时代名词前，如：in the 1970s。

13．用于某些固定词组中，如：in the morning。

高考英语一轮复习01：冠词一、单选题1．Jack was playing ________ guitar while I was playing ________ soccer.A．a; /B．the; /C．/; the D．/; a【分析】杰克在弹吉他，而我在踢足球。

表示演奏乐器时，乐器前面使用定冠词the，球类前使用零冠词。

故选B。

2．Some researchers point out that _________ daydreaming is _________ means of relaxation.A．the; a B．/; the C．a; the D．/; a【分析】一些研究人员指出，白日梦是一种放松的方式。

第一空，daydreaming “白日梦”，是抽象名词，不可数，此处泛指，不用冠词；第二空means“方式”，可数名词，泛指，应用不定冠词，故选D。

3．The woman who used to be in _______ charge of a big company is in _______ charge of a nurse at present.A．the; 不填B．the; the C．不填; 不填D．不填; the【分析】那个曾经负责一家大公司的女人现在由一个护士负责。

介词短语in charge (of sth)“负责（某事）”；in sb's charge/ in the charge of sb，“由某人负责”，根据句意可知，第一空为“负责某事”；第二空为“由某人负责”。

故选D。

4．The pizzas are delicious. Little Tom would like to have ________ third piece because ________ second piece is rather too small.A．a; a B．the; the C．a; the D．the; a【分析】披萨很好吃。

第一章冠词(一）【学习目标】冠词在高考中的考点【复习任务】1.学习重点：冠词的各个考点2.学习难点：第1讲的考点3和第2讲考点3【问题导学】第1讲冠词的特指、独指和类指考点1. 定冠词的特指用法定冠词的特指用法：非常明确地指出何人或何物。

可以分为前照应特指、后照应特指和语境特指。

I. 前照应特指定冠词在前面，由后置修饰语来确定是何人何物。

如：This is the book you lent me yesterday. This is the boy from England.1._____ old lady in brown is _____ university professor. A. An; a B. An; / C. The; anD. The; a2.I like music, but I don’t like _____ music of this film. A. a B. an C. the D. /3.—How was _____ dinner at Mike’s house?—It was great. Mike’s mum is _____ wonderful cook. A. a; the B. the; a C. the; the D. a; anII. 后照应特指冠词用在后面的名词前，和前面提到的同一名词相照应。

（也就是第一次提到某物某人用不定冠词，再次提到时用定冠词。

冠词在后面照应。

）如：I bought a book yesterday. The book cost me 20 yuan.4. This is _____ egg. _____ egg is big. A. a; A B. an; An C. a; The D. an; The5.There is ___bridge over there. __ bridge is made of wood. A. the; The B. a; A C. the;A D.a; TheIII. 语境特指不是建立在上下文的照应关系上，而是建立在谈话双方共有的知识上。

冠词1.表示“某一个”,相当于some,译为“一个”。

—Could you tell me the way to the Johnsons,please？——请告诉我去约翰逊家怎么走？—Sorry,we don’t have a Johnson here in the village.——对不起,这个村庄里没有一个叫约翰逊的人。

Each of the students wanted to be a live Lei Feng.每位学生都想成为活雷锋。

2.a＋most表示“很”“非常”。

Qingdao is a most beautiful city.青岛是一个非常美丽的城市。

3.序数词前一般加定冠词the 表示顺序,但序数词前可加不定冠词a(n),表示“另一个;又一个”。

Although he has failed twice,he would like to try a third time.尽管他已经失败了两次,但他还想再试一次。

4.有些不可数名词如knowledge,collection,understanding 等是由其动词转化而来,它们后面加of...时,前面需用不定冠词a/an。

Tom owns a larger collection of books than any other student in our class.在我们班中,汤姆收集的书最多。

Many people agreed that a knowledge of English is a must in international trade today.许多人都持相同的看法,在当前国际贸易交往中,英语知识是必备的知识。

5.不定冠词可用在形容词的比较级、最高级与序数词之前。

“不定冠词＋形容词的比较级＋单数名词”表示“更……的一个”;“不定冠词＋形容词的最高级”无比较意义。

He went to the USA in search of a better life.为了寻找更美好的生活他去了美国。

1 2013年高考英语一轮复习学案专题15: 完形填空【备考策略】一、完形填空的题型特点近几年来的完形填空题有以下几个特点1. 短文难度基本稳定与高中英语教材课文难易基本相当。

2. 短文选材一般为故事性文章极少采用其他题材的文章。

但往往不按时间顺序平铺直叙有插叙或倒叙有时还夹有描述和议论。

3. 短文的第一句不设空格提供给考生一个思路以便考生做题。

4. 考查内容主要是逻辑上的通顺极少是考语法所以每题四个选项大多属同一语法范畴。

5. 短文长度基本稳定一般在250~300个单词左右。

二、完形填空选项设置的几个特点1. 同义、近义词辨析型。

多倾向考查动词、名词、形容词。

(平时要多把这几类词性的词归纳记忆)2. 固定搭配型。

多倾向考查动词和介词或副词、名词和介词、形容词和介词典型句子结构的搭配。

2 3. 常用语法。

时态和语态、从句连词。

4. 根据上下文的逻辑关系确定选项型三、完形填空的解题步骤时间分配1)通读全文领会大意(2-3分钟);2)逐句阅读选出答案(6-7分钟);3)猜测难点、整体复查(2-3分钟)。

1. 跳过空格、通读全文、把握大意。

先跳过空格通读试题所给的要完形填空的短文获得整体印象做到弄清文脉、抓住主旨较好地把握短文大意。

要在阅读理解短文意思的基础上才开始判定选择切忌仓促下笔。

2. 结合选项、综合考虑、初定答案。

在理解全文意思的基础上再结合所给备选项细读全文联系上、下文内容注意从上、下文的语法结构和词语搭配及从选择项中寻找解题的提示以词、句的意义为先再从分析句子结构入手根据短文意思、语法规则、词语固定搭配等进行综合考虑对备选项逐一进行分析、比较和筛选排除干扰项、初步选定答案。

3. 瞻前顾后、先易后难、各个击破。

动笔时要瞻前顾后、通篇考虑、先易后难。

对比较明显直接的、自己最有把握的答案先做一下子不能确定答案的先跳过这一空格继续往下做最后回过头来再集中精力解决难点。

这时可结合已确定答案的选项再读一遍短文随着对短文理解的深入可以降低试题的难度提高选择的正确率。

高考英语人教版第一轮精品复习学案【必修一】Unit 1 Friendship单元要点预览语言要点(模块) Ⅰ.词语辨析Ⅱ.词性变化Ⅲ.重点词汇1. upset adj. 心烦意乱的，不安的；不适的vt. (upset, upset)[典例]1). Our arrangements for the weekend were upset by her visit. 她一来把我们周末的安排给打乱了。

2). Don't upset yourself -- no harm has been done. 不要难过--并没有造成伤害。

3). The students really upset her. 学生们着实让她烦恼。

[重点用法]be upset by… 被…… 打乱upset oneself about sth 为某事烦恼[练习] 用upset的适当形式填空1). Is it ______ you, dear?2). She felt rather ______ on hearing the news.3). Is it an ______ message?4). Don’t be ______. It will be OK.2. concern v.担忧; 涉及; 关系到n. 担心，关注；（利害）关系[典例]1). The news concerns your brother. 这消息与你兄弟有关。

2). The boy's poor health concerned his parents. 那男孩健康状况不佳,使他的父母亲忧虑。

[重点用法]be concerned about 关心be concerned with. 与……有关，关心be concerned at / over sth. 为某事忧虑[练习] 用concern的适当形式填空1). There is an article that _______ the rise of the prices.2). The children are rather _____ about their mother’s health.3). Officials should ______ themselves _______ public affairs.3. settle vt. 安家；定居；停留vt. 使定居，安家；解决[典例]1). He settled his child in a corner of the compartment. 他把孩子安顿在车厢的一个角落里。

第一部分语法知识及运用专题1 冠词考纲展示命题探究考点一冠词的基本用法基础点1 不定冠词的基本用法(1)不定冠词有a和an两种形式，常位于名词或名词的修饰语前。

当紧跟不定冠词的单词的第一个音素为辅音音素．．．．．．)时，用a；而当紧跟不定冠词的单词的第．．．．(注意：不是辅音字母一个音素为元音音素．．．．(注意：不是元音字母．．．．．．)时，用an。

a university student 一个大学生a European writer 一位欧洲作家an honest boy 一个诚实的男孩an ugly man 一个丑陋的人(2)泛指某个或某类人或物，或者未提到的，对方不熟悉的人或物。

I was born in a small village in Hebei Province.我出生在河北的一个小村庄。

(3)用在第一次提到的人或物的名词前，表泛指。

At that time, I was working in a factory. The factory produces car parts.那时，我在一家工厂工作。

那家工厂生产各种汽车部件。

(4)表示“一”“每一”“同一”或“某一”概念。

I will return in a day or two.(＝one)我将在一两天后返回。

The car can run 200 kilometres an hour.(＝per)这种车每小时能行驶200公里。

They are of an age. (＝the same)他们年龄相同。

A Mr Smith is waiting for you. (＝a certain)一个叫史密斯的先生在等你。

2 定冠词的基本用法(1)用于上文已经提到过的，或从语境中可判断出谈话双方都知道的人或物前。

He bought a house. I've been to the house.他买了幢房子。

我去过那幢房子。

Take the medicine.把药吃了。

入舵市安恙阳光实验学校名词、代词、冠词考点一名词题型一名词的基本用法Ⅰ.单句填空1.If you want to see how life was back in the old days, China still has many beautiful water (town) to visit.【答案】towns2.They are always gathering in their winter food in the middle of summer and they are making (preparation)for the long cold winter.【答案】preparations3.Now, nearly 500 acres of sand is being turned into farms producing corn, (tomato) and sunflowers.【答案】tomatoes4.Calligraphy has influenced the world widely and has even been introduced to many neighboring (country).【答案】countries5.A few dollars can help to fill a (child)hungry stomach.【答案】child’s Ⅱ.单句改错6. He usually goes to see his parents on Saturday’sevening.【答案】Saturday’s→Saturday7.Some of us also made a public speech to tell people some knowledges about protecting the environment.【答案】knowledges→knowledge题型二名词构词法1.The Zhongshan team completed tasks including installation of and tests for LiDAR, drilling of ice bedrock, atmospheric sounding (observe), surveys of birds and aerial exploration carried out by the fixed-wing aircraft.【答案】observation2.You may not know the name John Stith Pemberton, but you must know the name of his (invent):Coca-Cola.【答案】invention3.I was traveling in a small place in New York. That place had no taxi for a short (distant).【答案】distance4.Once the brush movement hesitates, a black mark is created, so speed, (strong) and agility (敏捷) is the essence of fine artwork.【答案】strength5.Apart from defense, other purposes of the Great Wall have included border control, the (encourage) of trade and the control of immigration.【答案】encouragement6.In 1962, Rachel Carson’s best-selling book “Silent Spring” created an (aware) of the dangerous effects of pesticides(农药).【答案】awareness7.Senior experts from UNESCO were amazed at its unique natural scenery, near perfect ecosystem, and creative (combine) of nature and humanism.【答案】combination考点二代词Ⅰ.单句填空1.China’s research icebreaker Xuelong, on Thursday local time left the Zhongshan Station on (it) way back to China.【答案】its 2.To lighten the addiction, he created his own drink by using leaves of coca and kola nuts. He named “Pemberton’s French Wine Coca”.【答案】it3.More and more people are willing to shop online to get what they want, and I am one of (they).【答案】them4.In a Weibo post, he thanked netizens for (they) love and praise.【答案】their5.In his letter, Jin introduced (he) and Yiwu.【答案】himselfⅡ.单句改错6.Without ads, that would be difficult to g et across a product’s basic message.【答案】that→it7.A large number of students and even some teachers took an active part in it, where the participants handed in our works which were later graded by calligraphers.【答案】our→their8.But even if every large city purified and reused it’s water, we still would not have enough water.【答案】it’s→its9.I’ve lived in New York and Chicago, but don’t like neither of them very much.【答案】neither→either考点三冠词题型一冠词的基本用法Ⅰ.单句填空1.Also known as the Snow Dragon, the icebreaker carrying a research team set sail from Shanghai on Nov. 2 last year, beginning country’s 35th Antarctic expedition.【答案】the2.It’s not all that hard to build an advanced and large vocabulary. Like many things in life,it’s ongoing process.【答案】an 3.Chaplin liked idea of working in the film industry because it would mean a new life.【答案】the4.Three became political leaders;three became doctors;the most famous graduate became university teacher and was responsible for the introduction of modern teaching methods in his country.【答案】aⅡ.单句改错5.I’m lucky enough to make friends with so nice person.【答案】person前加a6.What a impressive experience!【答案】a→an题型二冠词的习惯用法Ⅰ.单句填空1.The sound of the car died away in distance.【答案】the2.Eating chocolate once in while makes it easier for you to resist eating it all the time.【答案】a3.Beavers build themselves curious huts to live in, and quite frequently great number of these huts are placed close together.【答案】a4.All of sudden, a student rushed in and pushed her aside.【答案】aⅡ.单句改错5.Some of the scenery in this area ranks among best in thecountry.【答案】best前加the6.To tell a truth, my spoken English used to be a big headache for me.【答案】第一个a→thestly, you should remember to take some food for the lunch because we’ll stay there and chat with them at noon.【答案】删除the《真题训练》考点一名词第一组1.(天津,6)The (possible) that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space. 【答案】possibility2.(江苏,32)Try to understand what’s actually happening instead of acting on the (assume) you’ve made.【答案】assumption3.(江苏,34)The disappearance of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents. But alternative (explain) are hard to find.【答案】explanations4.(浙江,4 )It is important to pay your (electric)bill on time, as late payments may affect your credit.【答案】electricity5.(江苏,24)—Can you tell us your recipe for (happy) and a long life?—Living every day to the full, definitely.【答案】happiness6.(江苏,32)Some schools will have to make (adjust) in agreement with the national soccer reform.【答案】adjustments/adjustment7.(江苏,35)—Go and say sorry to your mom,Dave.—I’d like to,but I’m afraid she won’t be happy with my (apologize).【答案】apology/apologies8.(浙江,15)One of the most effective ways to reduce (stressful)is to talk about feelings with someone you trust.【答案】stress9.(安徽,30)There is no need to tell me your answer now.Give it some (think)and then let me know.【答案】thought第二组1.(安徽六安一中月考一,66)Though alone, you can enjoy your travel in (silent) while thinking quietly.【答案】silence 2.(贵州贵阳8月摸底,67)Human food is very bad for the baboons’(tooth)because it has a lot of sugar.【答案】teeth3.(河南天一大联考阶段检测Ⅰ,67)That writing system was of great (important) in uniting the Chinese people and culture.【答案】importance4.(江西临川二中月考一,65)Due to the (arrive) of more Chinese, more shops and businesses grew up.【答案】arrival5.(黑龙江哈尔滨师大附中9月月考,45)These grapes bring wealth as well as their delicious (sweet) to the locals.【答案】sweetness6.(河北保定摸底考试,70)Bringing together Western Medicine and TCM, rather than being in (compete), is where the potential for great effects lies.【答案】competition7.(海南儋州一次统测,64)By the time of his (die), he was the best-selling Chinese author, and over 100 million copies of his works have been sold in the world.【答案】death8.(河南洛阳期中考试,64)So far modern (platform) have taken the place of traditional focuses with a wider range of creative enterprises from smart infrastructure construction to design and robots.【答案】platforms9.(浙江温州普通高中高考适应性测试,62)He decided to put his plan into (act)—building a garden.【答案】action10.(江西红色七校一联,64)To the citizens in Hangzhou, the best part of it is that it will give us the chance to watch world-class matches and (compete)close to home.【答案】competitions考点二代词第一组1.(天津,3)A study shows the students who are engaged in after-school activities are happier than who are not.【答案】those2.(天津,11) was when I got back to my apartment that I first came across my new neighbors. 【答案】It3.(浙江,3)In many ways, the education system in the US is not very different from in the UK.【答案】that4.(天津,2)The quality of education in this small school is better than in some larger schools.【答案】that5.(浙江,12)How would you like if you were watching your favorite TV program and someone came into the room and just shut it off without asking you?【答案】it6.(重庆,2)The meeting will be held in September,but knows the date for sure.【答案】nobody7.(陕西,13)To warm himself,the sailor sat in front of the fire rubbing one bare foot against the .【答案】other8.(四川,10)Niki is always full of ideas,but is useful to my knowledge.【答案】none第二组1.(安徽“江淮十校”一联,67)In terms of social psychology, one way of thinking about this is that we feel much better about (we) if we focus on someone who’s doing even worse, a process known as downward social comparison.【答案】ourselves2.(贵州贵阳8月摸底,68) (they)job is to find baboons in the city and return them to the countryside.【答案】Their3.(河南许昌高级中学月考一,43)Then he hid (him) nearby and watched carefully to see if anyone would remove the big rock.【答案】himself4.(黑龙江哈尔滨师大附中9月月考,49)If you pick one grape and putin your mouth, you will surely never forget the wonderful taste. 【答案】it5.(四川绵阳南山中学9月月考,70)Now it occurred to (he) that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck. 【答案】him6.(湖南浏阳六校联考,67)However, quite a few other people, especially in the countryside, would fix a lucky date so that their marriage would have “Double Happiness”.【答案】those7.(山西太原期中考试,69)In return, bookstores have improved the cultural atmosphere of shopping malls, so is mutually beneficial to have such cooperation.【答案】it8.(吉林实验中学月考三,63)On this day, dragons, a prominent totem (图腾) in Chinese culture raise (they) heads with the sound of thunder.【答案】their9.(湖北重点高中联考协作体期中考试,64)They say normal levels of stress can help students to work and think faster and more effectively,as well as improve (they)performance.【答案】their10.(江西红色七校一联,69)In the next few years, Hangzhou will try its best to prepare (it)for the big show.【答案】itself考点三冠词第一组1.(浙江,2) prize for the winner of the competition istwo-week holiday in Paris.【答案】The; a2.(浙江,2)Jane’s grandmother had wanted to write a children’s book for many years,but one thing or another always got in way.【答案】the3.(重庆,3)I just heard bank where Dora works was robbed by gunman wearing a mask.【答案】the;a4.(四川,5)Brian is gifted in writing music; he is very likely to be Beethoven.【答案】a第二组1.(河南许昌高级中学月考一,50)The villager learned a valuable lesson that many others would never understand: Every obstacle presents opportunity to improve one’s condition.【答案】an2.(黑龙江大庆铁人中学开学考试,62)Every year, butterfly(蝴蝶) lovers in California go out in November to count monarch butterflies. They got a worrying result from their fall monarch count in — number of monarchs had dropped by 86% since .【答案】the3.(江西临川二中月考一,61)Gerrard Street, which is between Leicester Square and Shaftesbury Avenue, is the most important street in the area. There is unique community with many Chinese restaurants, supermarkets and shops.【答案】a4.(江西南昌开学摸底,70)So the key to using a happy smile to make you better runner may be to smile sincerely and often near a race’s end, but in 30-second bursts, rather than constantly.【答案】a5.(云南昆明一中一次摸底,61)The Economist is English-language weekly news and international affairs publication owned by The Economist Newspaper Ltd.【答案】an6.(湖南浏阳六校联考,69)The wedding ceremony is usually hosted warmly and the wedding ceremony very often ends with unique banquet. 【答案】a7.(调研一,64)But naps can actually be double-edged sword because while we’re awake during the day, we’re building up sleepiness or sleep pressure.【答案】a8.(湖北鄂东南教育教学联盟期中考试, 61)Produced by China Central Television (CCTV) and the Ministry of Education(MOE),“First Class for New Semester” has become mandatory viewing activity for parents and students on the first day of the fall semester.【答案】a9.(江西红色七校一联,70) splendid Hangzhou is waiting to see you in 2022.【答案】A10.(河北唐山五校月考,64)As th e saying goes,“All work and no play makes Jack dull boy.”【答案】a。