REVIEWING MATERIAL FOR 2007 GRADUATES (II)
Part I Vocabulary and Grammar
1. By now John was _______with indignation（愤怒）and we gathered round trying to pacify（使平静）him.
A. pouncing（扑过去抓住）
B. convulsing（震撼）
C. harking（听）
D. seething（沸腾）
2. If you are ________to something, you feel strongly that you’re not willing to do it or that you don’t like it.
A. averse（厌恶）
B. avid（狂热）
C. awesome（可怕的）
D. azure（天蓝色的）
3. Are you going to hang the ______of the Declaration of Independence in the classroom or in the auditorium（大礼堂）?
A. goddess（女神）
B. replica
C. typhoid（伤寒）
D. typhus（斑疹伤寒）
4. If early humans hadn’t moved and ________as much as they did, they probably would have continued to evolve into different species.
A. inhabited
B. interchanged
C. intermingled（交织）
D. migrated
5._________ and environmental groups, including Greenpeace, say that many parts of the Andes will suffer if they become over-developed.
A. Indigenous（本地的）
B. Indigent（贫困）
C. Indignant
D. Indiscreet (轻率)
6. Much of what he said was beyond her comprehension but she understood the _______of his remarks.
A. tack (钉子)
B. tact（机智的）
C. tanner（皮匠）
D. tenor (大意)
7. Most banks offer ________facilities to students, to help them when they run short of money.
A. oversight监督
B. overdraft透支
C. overdose过量
D. overseeing
8. The problem of tracing the disease in such formidable country was _______further by the continuous warfare in the area.
A. accelerated
B. consolidated
C. exacerbated加剧
D. reinforced
9. To trap animals a hunter fixes a _______, usually made of cord, across the path they are likely to take.
A. lotion 洗涤剂
B. lotus莲花
C. snarl咆哮
D. snare套圈
10. Equally, the large group of texts, called the _______, gives us reasonable grounds for omitting many uses and word
forms that do not occur in it.
A. works
B. corpus文集
C. body
D. collection
11. Caroling Moore, the first woman fellow of Porterhouse, Cambridge, points out that gentleman is now used only with
irony（讽刺）or___________.
A. derogation名誉受损
B. derivation诱导
C. derision嘲笑
D. duration时间
12. People who love in crowded cities often experience breathing problems during the summer when high temperature
combines with _______polluted air.
A. drab褐黄色的、单调的
B. stagnant不流动的
C. lurid可怕的
D. hoary灰白
13. In the suburbs the spacious house stand in _______contrast to the slums of the city’s poor
A. foolhardy有勇无谋
B. furtive鬼鬼祟祟
C. insidious阴险的
D. stark鲜明的
14. The machine allows segments of the film to be viewed repeatedly and at a number of speeds, so the editor can cut
and_______ the film.
A. amble缓行
B. tinker修改
C. splice剪接
D. adulate奉承
15. Three men were feared dead last night after a helicopter _______off course into an oil platform and ditched into the
North Sea.
A. veered偏离
B. instigated煽动
C. falsified伪造
D. blandished劝诱
16. Tony seems to know a lot about m usic, but sometimes I think he’s only_______.
A. slurring含糊地发音
B. smearing把...擦模糊
C. bluffing唬人
D. blurring模糊
17. The American dream is most _______during the periods of productivity and wealth generated by American
capitalism.
A. plausible貌似有理的
B. patriotic爱国的
C. primitive原始的
D. partial部分
18. I’m very concerned that today’s children may be heading for social ills because they _______lots of chances for
laughter.
A. lose out to
B. lose to
C. lose on
D. lose out on失去
19. Part of Doraemon’s particular appeal is that he is ready to _______every situation—and likely, somehow, to get it
wrong.
A. take down
B. take on承担
C. take out
D. take away
20. The sun began to _______the morning mist, and accompanied by the sounds of the waking villages, the pilot
switched on the engines and moved upstream.
A. burst out
B. burst upon
C. burn off燃烧
D. burn into
21. When people are physically__ a drug, they suffer ill physical effects if they stop taking the drug.
A. absorbed in
B. accepted by
C. addicted to上瘾
D. attracted to
22. He became severely ____ when his wife died.
A. impressed印象
B. embarrassed尴尬
C. depressed消沉的
D. stressed
23. The curiosity to know what was in the letter was so strong that the boy could not _____ himself from opening it.
A. restrain阻止
B. distract分散
C. engage从事
D. subject
24. When a psychologist does a general experiment about the human mind, he selects people _______and ask them
questions.
A. at length
B. at random随机的
C. in essence
D. in bulk
25. I tried very hard to restrain my laugh, but tears started flowing down my cheeks and I began____.
A. proffering提供
B. defrauding诈骗
C. guffawing捧腹大笑
D. deflecting转移
26. No set of texts can be fully relied on; the information from the texts has been analyzed and ____by a team of
lexicographers.
A. appraised评价
B. apprised告知
C. appreciated欣赏
D. apprehended逮捕
27. A ____statement is a false and malicious恶意的one meant to harm a person’s reputation.
A. slanderous诽谤
B. flattering奉承
C. ill-natured虐待脾气
D. critical
28. This famous businessmen___ most of the profits from his business to various charities after his success.
A. donated
B. distributed
C. discharged出院
D. designated指定
29. The announcement will_____the rumors谣言of a takeover that have plagued困扰the company for the past 18
months.
A. append附加
B. scotch镇压
C. exhort告戒
D. exhale散发出
30. Many animals display _____instincts only while their offspring后代are young and helpless.
A. cerebral理智的
B. imperious专横的
C. rueful怜悯的
D. maternal母性的
31. As a politician, she has to have the_____ of inspiring confidence in her listeners.
A. fluke侥幸成功
B. knack诀窍
C. frenzy疯狂
D. venison鹿肉
32. Even though he was guilty, the ______ judge did not send him to prison.
A. merciful仁慈的
B. impartial公正的
C. conscientious良心
D. conspicuous明显的
33. The education ____ for the coming year is about $4 billion, which is much more than what people expected.
A. allowance
B. reservation
C. budget预算
D. finance
34. They tossed your thoughts back and forth over an hour, but still could not make ____ of them.
A. impression
B. comprehension
C. meaning
D. sense
35. As a ____ actor, he can perform, sing, dance, and play several kinds of musical instruments.
A. flexible
B. versatile多才多艺的
C. sophisticated尖端
D. productive
36. Sons of high-ranking females may remain at the center of the troop while others are driven to the__________.
A. periphery周边
B. perverse走上邪路的
C. rewarding
D. salutary有益的
37. I t’s very difficult to ____ the exact meaning of an idiom in a foreign language.
A. exchange
B. transfer
C. convey传达
D. convert
38. When we are reading, the important thing is to ___ the essential meaning, not to learn every single word.
A. clasp紧握
B. grab抓取
C. grasp把握
D. grapple抓住
39. The rope bridge over the river was so ____that only one person at a time could use it.
A. precarious岌岌可危
B. stiff僵硬的
C. broad
D. tenuous脆弱的
40. You had the ______situation in which Luxembourg had more listed public bathing beaches than the whole of the
United Kingdom.
A. luminous发光的
B. luculent发亮的
C. lubricant润滑剂
D. ludicrous滑稽的
41. In a world where you can tell the rich from the poor by their Internet connections, the poverty line____ the
high-speed-digital line.
A. trip out 行了
B. trigger out触发
C. trigger of触发
D. trip over绊倒
42. Although the members of Parliament wanted to go home, no hope for an early____ could be entertained.
A. postponement推迟
B. compromise
C. adjustment调整
D. adjournment休会
43. They claim that_____1，000 factories closed down during the economic crisis．
A. sufficiently充分
B. approximately大约
C. considerably相当的
D. properly恰当的
44. I think she hurt my feelings _______ rather than by accidents as she claimed.
A. virtually几乎
B. deliberately故意地
C. literally实在地
D. appropriately适当地
45. They had a fierce _____ as to whether their company should restore the trade relationship which was broken years
ago.
A. debate辩论
B. clash冲突
C. disagreement
D. contest
46. During his years in Congress he has____ with the chemical, drug and power companies on behalf of the ordinary
person’s right to breathe clean air.
A. tussled争辩
B. actuated驱动
C. capsized倾覆
D. fidgeted烦躁不安
47. Although the resistance groups do not show great military ____they frequently penetrate渗透deep into the interior.
A. prowess实力
B. prowl潜行
C. psalm 诗篇
D. psyche心灵
48. In detective stories, the detective shares all the _____ with the reader but usually withholds their significance until the
end.
A. evidence
B. details
C. clues线索
D. information
49. A good painting is, in fact, a _____ of line, color and composition to express certain meanings.
A. accordance
B. balance
C. harmony
D. conformity符合
50. His _____should not be confused with miserliness吝啬; she has always been willing to assist the poor.
A. frugality节俭
B. diffidence
C. intolerance
D. intemperance过度
51. She decided to accept his offer of marriage after he____ her for months with flowers and expensive presents.
A. wrung迫使
B. wiggled摆动
C. wonted惯例
D. wooed求婚
52. If any of the runners interfere with the others during the competition, the race is automatically declared null and
_____.
A. empty
B. lacking
C. useless
D. void无效
53. The debate centered on the fear that a rapidly growing population would put an___ strain on the finite capacity of the
earth to provide resources.
A. intolerable不能容忍
B. moderate中度
C. negotiable
D. controllable
54. A common argument claims that in folk art, the artist’s subordination退让of technical mastery to intense
feeling____ the direct communication of emotion to the viewer.
A. facilitates便利
B. averts 避免
C. represses压制
D. neutralizes中和
55. He _____ tonight with his horrifying fishing stories.
A. lived on my nerves
B. got on my nerves
C. touched a raw nerve
D. lost his nerve
56. In most cases, robots are now used in repetitive重复, _____ tasks that most people find uninteresting.
A. useful
B. prosperous
C. negative
D. monotonous单调
57. China regained her _____ over Hong Kong on July 1, 1997, after Britain’s more than 150 years of colonization of the
island.
A. majesty权威
B. sovereignty 主权
C. authority
D. administration
58. In Victoria, Australia, in1850, miners矿工became___ with the high cost of mining licenses and restrictions on their
right to search for gold.
A. amazed惊讶
B. confused 混淆
C. irritated恼火
D. puzzled困惑
59. During times of war or economic___ many people convert their wealth into precious stones, which are transplantable
and more easily sold.
A. distraction分心
B. disturbance干扰
C. tremor颤抖
D. vibration振动
60. People who lose their way in a desert often suffer from___ thirst and hunger, in addition to extreme anger.
A. painful
B. tormenting折磨
C. colossal巨大的
D. unperceived无知觉的
61. Now a paper in Science argues that organic有机chemicals in the rock come mostly from _____on earth rather than
bacteria on Mars.
A. configuration配置
B. constitution组成
C. condemnation谴责
D. contamination污染
62. The newspaper _______ three whole pages to pictures of the sandstorms
A. decorated装饰
B. dedicated奉献
C. dictated 口述D directed
63. Nothing in the contract says ________ how its terms will be enforced.
A. extravagantly奢侈地
B. empirically凭经验
C. exceptionally例外
D. explicitly明确地
64. The board of directors has decided to ________ any salary increase.
A. forgive
B. forfeit 没收
C. forgo放弃
D. formulate制定
65. Although most dreams apparently happen_____ , dream activity may be provoked by external influences.
A. simultaneously同时地
B. spontaneously自发地
C. homogeneously均匀地
D. instantaneously瞬间地
66. It is obvious that we are going to have a boom in the economy rather than a ______
A. recess休会
B. concession
C. succession
D. recession衰退
67. Franklin D. Roo sevelt argued that the Great Depression stemmed from the American economy’s _________flaws.
A. underlining
B. vulnerable
C. underlying潜在的
D. vulgar庸俗.
68. Rumors are everywhere, spreading fear, damaging reputations , and turning calm situations into __________ones.
A .tragic悲惨 B. turbulent骚乱 C. versatile多才多艺的 D. suspicious
69. Snobs are usually ___________ of people they feel to be beneath them.
A. contemptible 可鄙
B. contemptuous轻蔑 C contemporary当代 D. contagious传染性
70. The billionaire is ____________to the displaced people in Iraq and decides to contribute a great sum to the area
A .passionate热情的 B. compassionate同情的 C. enthusiastic D. conscientious良心
71. The survivor cried out as she suddenly saw the clock tower large in the fog.
A .appear B. loom隐约地出现 C. boom D. look
72. The softening voice _________ beautifully with the echo of the music.
A .fit in适合 B. cut out减少 C. chimed in一致 D. cut in削减
73. He had two appointments with me , but __________ me _________on both occasions.
A .let… out泄漏 B. let …up让出 C. let… down使失望D. let …in
74. Nowadays many graduates are looking for the perfect job, which in fact is a _____________.
A .fancy花式 B. fantasy幻想 C. fantastic D. fanatic狂热
75. The frequent __________ from cold to warm weather this spring have caused many infectious diseases.
A .transactions交易 B. transmissions 传输C. transitions过度 D. transformations变革
76. It’s said that the tropical islands are an earthly ______________.
A .paradise B. amusement C. entertainment D. disaster
77. They thought it might snow; _________they began to climb the mountain.
A . despite B. regardless of the fact that C. therefore D. nonetheless尽管如此
78. Strategy is a required course in military __________.
A college
B institute
C academy
D school
79. English is _________ in the main from the common Germanic stock.
A derived从中得到
B changed
C adopted
D formed
80. This loss led to demise消亡of the business _____________.
A failure
B change
C success
D prosperity兴旺
Part II Reading Comprehension
Passage 1
Sport is heading for an indissoluble marriage with television and the passive spectator will enjoy a private paradise. All of this will be in the future of sport. The spectator (the television audience) will be the priority and professional clubs will have to readjust their structures to adapt to the new reality: sport as a business.
The new technologies will mean that spectators will no longer have to wait for broadcasts by the conventional channels. They will be the ones who decide what to see. And they will have to pay for it. In the United States the system of the future has already started: pay-as-you-view. Everything will be offered by television and the spectator will only have to choose. The review Sports Illustrated recently published a full profile of the life of the supporter at home in the middle of the next century. It explained that the consumers would be able to select their view of the match on a gigantic, flat screen occupying the whole of one wall, with images of a clarity which cannot be foreseen at present; they could watch from the trainer’s stands just behind the batter in a game of baseball or from the helmet of the star player in an American football game. And at their disposal will be the sane option s the producer of the recorded programmer has to select replays, to choose which camera to me and to decide on the sound whether to hear the public, the players, the trainer and so on.
Many sports executives, largely too old and too conservative to feel at home with the new technologies will believe that sport must control the expansion of television coverage in order to survive and ensure that spectators attend matches. They do not even accept the evidence which contradicts their view while there is more basketball than ever on television, for example, it is also certain that basketball is more popular than ever.
It is also the argument of these sports executives that television harming the modest team. This is true, but the future of those teams is also modest. They have reached their ceiling . It is the law of the market. The great events continually attract larger audience.
The world I being constructed on new technologies so that people can make the utmost use of their time and , in their home have access to the greatest possible range of recreational activities. Sport will have to adapt itself to the new world.
The most visionary executives go further. That philosophy is: rather than see television take over sport why not have sports taken over television?
1．What does the writer mean by use of the phrase “an indissoluble marriage” in the first paragraph?
A．sport is combined with television. B．sport controls television. C．Television dictates sports.
D．Sport and television will go their own ways
2．What does “they” in line 2 paragraph 2 stand for?
A．Broadcasts. B．Channels. C．Spectators. D．Technologies. 3．How do many sports executives feel with the new technologies?
A．they are too old to do anything. B．They feel ill at ease. C．They feel completely at home. D．Technologies can go hand in hand with sports.
4．What is going to be discussed in the following paragraphs?
A．The philosophy of visionary executives. B．The process of television taking over sport. C．Television coverage expansion.
D．An example to show how sport has taken over television.
5．What might be the appropriate title of this passage?
A．The arguments of sports executives B．The philosophy of visionary executives C．Sports and television in the 21st century D．Sports: a business
Passage 2
Don't have time to read anymore? Now you can get free, quick literature via email. More than 100,000 people open their email each day to read a chapter of a book, through Chapter-A-Day, an online book club created two years ago. It's a free email service that provides a short daily reading for busy people, exposing them to literature they may not find on their own, inspiring some to recommit to the reading habit. About 550 public library systems representing over 3,000 branch libraries already have signed up to offer Chapter-A-Day. Via email, participants get about five minutes' worth of reading every day. After three chapters are emailed, the installments stop, and those who want to keep reading can borrow the book at their public library or purchase it online. Chapter-A-Day has eight free book clubs, and sells thousands of books each month.
Chapter-A-Day started in 1999 when Suzanne Beecher, a lifelong book lover, realized how many of the women who worked part-time for her software development company didn't have time in their busy lives to read. She decided to type part of a chapter of a book, and send it to her employees through email. The next day she typed a little more, and continued to send literary installments each day. She says she started getting feedback from the staff about how reading made them feel. "They were interested, and realized that, though they didn't have time in their busy lives for reading, just reading that little bit each day got them back in the habit". Realizing that many other people could benefit, she decided to take the idea even further and start an email "chapter-a-day" book club to help others ease their way back into daily reading. "Reading makes changes in people's lives." Beecher says.
Pat Dempsey, a librarian at a public library in Ohio, has found Chapter-A-Day helps her library clients get back in the habit of reading. "It's a different way to get people hooked on books," she says.
6. Chapter-A-Day is intended to help people _.
A. get back into the habit of reading
B. relieve stress from office work
C. find interesting books online
D. buy books more conveniently
7. The passage was written in _.
A. 1999
B. 2000
C. 2001
D. 2002
8. It can be inferred that through Chapter-A-Day _ _.
A. public libraries have become crowded with readers
B. MS Beecher made much money for her software company
C. people begin to read very slowly and patiently
D. people cannot finish reading any book online
9. The word "installment" in t he passage probably means “”.
A. a library email
B. a rare piece of literature
C. a free novel
D. a part of a book
10. Ms Beecher decided to expand her Chapter-A-Day service because .
A. over 3,000 libraries had joined
B. many other people could benefit
C. eight book clubs supported her
D. free email service was available
Passage 3
According to the United States government, people are classified as homeless if they have no place to stay and no expectation of finding a place for the next thirty days. Although technically accurate, that is an impersonal assessment of an enormous and very human problem.
The homeless population represents all of us Americans. It includes men and women, the elderly, children, and
infants. Its members are from all ethnic (种族的) groups. What they have in common is poverty.
Currently in the U.S., thirty-nine million people live in poverty. When money is really tight, paying the rent or buying food often becomes a choice. Government assistance in the form of food stamps does help but, as one homeless man explains, you can’t pay the rent with food stamps.
With no money for rent, the streets and homeless shelters become the alternative.
Although men constitute the largest group within the homeless population, homeless women with children are rapidly joining them. In fact, one quarter of the homeless people in the U.S. are teenagers and young children.
People may become homeless for numerous reasons. However, there are certain factors that many of these individuals have in common. They include a lack of adequate education and job skills. A majority of the teenagers and adults have not completed high school.
The abuse of alcohol and drugs is also a common factor. One third of the adult homeless population abuses alcohol, while one quarter of the same group uses drugs.
Some members of this population suffer mental health problems. Within the past several years many institutions for the mentally ill have been closed and their patients sent “home”. Unfortunately, a number of those people have no home to go to and they are unable to adequately look after themselves.
Job loss in today’s economy has also become a real factor in the loss of people’s ho mes. The breakup of families through abandonment and divorce are also contributing factors, particularly when there are children involved. The parent who is left to care for the kids with inadequate income may be forced to depend on the homeless shelters to put a roof over their heads.
11. The writer thinks that the U.S. government’s definition of the homeless reveals ______.
A. an insincere attitude toward the homeless
B. an unbearable attitude toward the homeless
C. an uncivilized attitude toward the homeless
D. an unsympathetic attitude toward the homeless
12. The U.S. government helps the homeless by ______.
A. giving them homeless allowances
B. giving them food stamps
C. finding jobs for them
D. finding residences for them
13. Most of the homeless in the U.S. are ______.
A. male adults
B. female adults
C. the elderly
D. children
14. People become homeless for all the following reasons EXCEPT ______.
A. the lack of adequate education
B. the abuse of alcohol and drugs
C. the closure of institutions for the mentally ill
D. the poor performance of economy
15. The breakup of families is likely to lead to homelessness because a parent with kids may ______.
A. lose his or her job in today’s economy
B. be unable to look after the kids
C. not have enough income
D. find residence at a homeless shelter
Passage 4
In early 2004 eight tiny sensors were dropped from a plane near a military base in California. After hitting the ground, the sensors—also known as smart dust sensors—organized themselves into a network and quickly detected a fleet of military vehicles on the ground. The determined the direction, speed and size of a series of military vehicles traveling along the road and later transmitted the data to a computer at a nearby base camp.
Smart dust sensors are minicomputers—as small as a grain of rice in some cases—that can monitor and evaluate their physical environment and can relay the information via wireless communication. They can monitor elements such as temperature, moisture, humidity, pressure, energy use, vibration, light, motion, radiation, gas, and chemicals. These devices will soon have many applications, such as use in emergency rescue.
Software has been developed to run these minicomputers. A key feature of the software is the ability of the sensors to automatically organize themselves into a communications network and talk to each other via wireless radio signals. If any one connection is interrupted, the sensors will self-correct and pass the information on to the next available sensor.
Each sensor has a chip that does the computing work—recording things like temperature and motion at its location. Each sensor also has a tiny radio transmitter that allows it to talk to other sensors within 100 feet or so. With a single network of 10,000 sensors—thought to be the biggest array (阵列) of sensors currently possible—you could cover 9 square miles and get information about each point along the way. The data finally works its way to a base station that can send the information to a computer or to a wireless network.
The scientists who are working with this technology say smart dust sensors can be used to detect the location or movement of enemy troops in areas too dangerous or remote for soldiers to operate. Scattering hundreds of self-networking sensors from a manned or unmanned plane onto the battlefield, in theory, could produce critical information and lead to strategic advantage. Sensors could also be used to detect the presence of chemical weapons and could give troops the time needed to put on protective gear.
16. Smart dust sensors can do all the following EXCEPT ______.
A. giving troops their protective gear
B. organizing themselves into a computer network
C. detecting the movement of military vehicles nearby
D. operating in remote and dangerous war zones
17. By “physical environment” (Paragraph 2), the writer means such elements as ______.
A. the position of military troops
B. the presence of minicomputers
C. the strength of radio signals
D. the amount of water vapor in the air
18. If connection between two sensors is blocked, the network will automatically ______.
A. replace the sensor involved
B. repair the sensor involved
C. ignore the sensor involved
D. destroy the sensor involved
19. To cover an area of 3 square miles and get information about each point along the way, how many smart dust sensors are needed?
A. About 3,000 sensors.
B. About 3,300 sensors.
C. About 5,000 sensors.
D. About 6,600 sensors.
20. The passage implies that the smart dust sensors are most likely to be used in ______.
A. emergency rescue
B. monitoring pollution
C. military operations
D. evaluating the environment
Passage 5
The differences in living standards around the world are vast．In 1993，the average American had an income of about$25，000.In the same year，the average Mexican earned$7，000，and the average Nigerian camed$1，500,Not surprisingly，this large variation in average income is reflected in various measures of the quality of life．Changes in living standards over time are also 1arge．In the United States，incomes have historically grown about 2 percent per year(after adjusting for changes in the cost of living)．At this rate，average income doubles every 35years．In some countries，economic growth has been even more rapid．In Japan，for instance，average income has doubled in the past 20 years，and in South Korea it has doubled in the past 10years．
What explains these 1arge differences in 1iving standards among countries and over time? The answer is surprisingly Simple．A1most a11 variation in 1iving standards is attributable to differences in countries’ productivity-----that is，the amount of goods and services produced from each hour of a worker's time．In nations where workers can produce a large quantity of goods and services per unit of time，most people enjoy a high standard of living；in nations where workers are less productive，most people must endure a more meager existence．Similarly，the growth rate of a nation's productivity determines the growth rate of its average income．
The fundamental relationship between productivity and living standards is simple，but its implications are far-reaching．If productivity is the primary determinant of livings standards，other explanations must be of secondary importance．For example，people might think that labor unions or minimum-wage 1aws contributed to the rise in 1iving standards of American workers over the past century. Yet the real hero of American workers is their rising productivity．The relationship between productivity and living standards also has great implications for public po1icy．When thinking about how any policy will affect living standards，the key question is how it will affect our ability to produce
goods and services．To improve living standards，po1icy makers need to raise productivity by ensuring that workers are well educated，have the too1s needed to produce goods and services，and have access to the best available technology．21．Which of the following countries has enjoyed the fastest economic growth in history?
A．Mexico．B．The United States ．C．Japan．D．South Korea ．
22．The word “meager” in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to“__________”．
A．modest B．poor C． meaning less D．plentiful
23．What is the most important factor that leads to the rise in living standards of average people?
A．Labor unions．B．Minimum-wage laws ．C．Rising productivity． D．Favorable publicpo1icy． 24．The study of the relationship between productivity and 1iving standards is significant in that_________．A．it calls po1icy makers’ attention to a qualified work force
B．it encourages workers to get better education.
C．it helps improve the workers’ ability to produce goods and services
D．it enables policy makers to access the latest technology
25．The passage mainly discusses____________
A．the differences in average income among countries
B．the relationships between productivity and living standards
C．the causes of the rise in living standards
D．the importance of raising productivity.
Passage 6
The traditional appeal of the income tax has come from its wide acceptance as a fair tax, closely related to an individual’s ability to pay. For many years the income tax provided large federal income without imposing heavy burdens on the great majority of people. By the mid-20th century, however, serious criticisms of tax loopholes (漏洞) were heard. Concerned attempts at reform resulted only in a more complex and eroded tax base. The situation worsened in the 1970s, as rising inflation pushed people into higher tax brackets (等级) although their incomes were barely keeping pace with rising prices. This pressure further eroded public confidence in the fairness of the income tax; at the same time it created strong incentives to utilize tax shelters and other loopholes, as well as to conceal off-the-record income. Built-in inflation adjustments were adopted, first by a number of states and then in 1985 by the federal government.
Income tax policy is inevitably controversial because it rests essentially on judgments that must be constantly reconsidered as social values change. The complex task of working out the many reductions and exclusions to be allowed from income because they either make for greater fairness among taxpayers or promote worthy social goals (such as charitable contributions) is one of the most difficult and politically sensitive problems faced by governments.
Another major area of dispute is whether wages and salaries should be taxed the same way as business profits or investment income. While some countries and a few US states explicitly apply separate sets of rules to the measurement of different kinds of taxable income, others, like most US state governments, seek to treat all sources of income in the same way. Even so, dissimilarities inevitably arise. Some costs of earning income are more readily deducted (扣除) from business and self-employment earnings than they are from wages and salaries. Inflation, by eroding the value of capital, distorts the measurement of income from that source. Complex adjustments to the tax law could in principle eliminate these imbalances, but most countries have preferred simpler, more arbitrary solutions.
26. Most people accept income as a fair tax since ____.
A. every individual enjoys public welfare
B. every citizen of a country has the duty to pay taxes
C. it is within their capability to pay it
D. it is closely related to the individual’s benefits
27. In the 1970s, ____.
A. many people called for the cancellation of income tax
B. many people questioned the fairness of income tax
C. many people stopped to pay tax because of poverty
D. inflation rose beyond the government’s control
28. In 1985, ____.
A. inflation was taken into account in the federal government’s income tax policy
B. inflation rate was brought under control and income tax rate was reduced
C. a number of states made their own laws against the rising inflation
D. the federal government adopted several inflation combating policies
29. Which of the following income may enjoy a reduced tax or exclusion?
A. Off-the-record income.
B. Self-employment earnings.
C. Business earnings.
D. Income from charitable activities.
30. The majority of the US state governments ____.
A. use different sets of rules for various taxable income
B. apply the same policy to all sources of income
C. allow for a reduction for self-employment earnings
D. treat business and investment income in the same way
Passage 7
A central principle of a just society is that every person has an equal right to “life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness”. The essential basis on which community is built requires each citizen to honor the rightful claims of others. The preciousness of life in a moral community must be so highly honored that those who do not honor the life of others make null and void their own right to membership. Those who violate the personhood of others, especially if this is done persistently as a habit, must pay the ultimate penalty. This punishment must be inflicted for the sake of maintaining the community whose foundation has been violated. We can debate whether some non-lethal alternative is a fitting substitute for the death penalty. But the standard of judgment is whether the punishment fits the crime and sufficiently honors the nature of moral community.
By contrast, Agape, or Christian love, is unconditional. It does not depend on the worthiness or merit of those to whom it is directed. It is persistent in seeking the good of others regardless of whether they return the favor or even deserve to be treated well on the basis of their own incessant wrongdoing. An ideal community would be made up of free and equal citizens devoted to a balance between individual self-fulfillment and the advancement of the common good. Communal life would be based on mutual love in which equality of giving and receiving was the norm of social practice.
What would a community based on this kind of love do with those who committed brutal acts of terror, violence, and murder? Put negatively, it would not live by the philosophy of “an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth, and a life for a life”. It would act to safeguard the members of the community from further destruction. Those who had shown no respect for life would be restrained, permanently if necessary, so that they could not further endanger other members of the community. But the purpose of confinement would not be vengeance or punishment. Rather an ideal community would show mercy even to those who had shown no mercy. It would return good for evil. The aim of isolation is reconciliation and not revenge. Agape never gives up. It is ever hopeful that even the worse among us can be redeemed so that their own potential contribution to others can be realized.
Such, in brief, is the argument for and against capital punishment, one founded on justice and the nature of moral community, the other resting on love and the nature of an ideal spiritual community.
31. The idea that every person has an equal right to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness is supportive of ____.
A. forgiveness in the case of murder
B. capital punishment for taking a life
C. unconditional love even for murderers
D. advancement of the common good
32. The philosophy of “an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth, and a life for a life” ____.
A. is not the basis for Christian love
B. is the chief argument against ultimate penalty
C. is a doctrine for administering Agape
D. is a support for restraint but not revenge
33. Agape believes that ____.
A. any wrongdoer should be expelled from an ideal community
B. those who threaten others’ lives should be permanently restrained
C. to safeguard the community is the duty of any ideal society
D. any wrongdoing should be considered to be corrigible
34. According to the principle of Agape, a person who commits murder should be confined with a view to ____.
A. safeguard his life against revenge
B. prevent him from committing other crimes
C. punish him for what he has done
D. return violence with violence
35. In this passage, the author ____.
A. is interested in supporting an idea
B. is trying to refute a long-held misconception
C. supports for argument against capital punishment
D. does not give his opinion on the issue discussed
Passage 8
The relationship between a man and fatherland is always disturbed by conflict if either man or fatherland is highly developed. A man’s demands for liberty at some point challenge the limitations the state imposes on the individual for the sake of the mass. If he is to carry on the national tradition, he must wrestle with those who, speaking in its name, desire to crystallize it at the point reached by the previous generation. In any cases national life itself must frequently irritate him because it is the medium in which he is expressing himself, and every craftsman or artist is repelled by the resistance of his medium to his will. All men should have a drop or two of resistance spirit in them, if the nations are not to go soft like so many sleepy pears. Yet to be a traitor is most miserable. All the men described in this book were sad as they stood their trials, not only because they were going to be punished. They would have been sad even if they had never been brought to justice. They had forsaken the familiar medium; they had trusted themselves to the mercies of those who had no reason to care for them; knowing their protector’s indifference, they had lived for long in fear; and they were aware that they had thrown away their claim on those who might naturally have felt affection for them. Strangers, as King Solomon put it, were filled with their wealth, and their labors were in the house of a stranger, and they mourned at the last when their flesh and body were consumed. As a divorce sharply recalls what a happy marriage should be, so the treachery of these men recalls what a nation should be; a shelter where all talents are generously recognized, all forgivable oddities forgiven, all evils quietly frustrated, and those who lack talent honored for equivalent contributions of graciousness. Each of those men was as dependent on the good opinion of others as one is of oneself; they needed a nation which was also a heart. It was sad to see them, chilled to the bone of their souls, because the intellectual leaders of their time had professed a philosophy which was scarcely more than a lapse of memory, and had forgotten, among much else, that a hearth gives out warmth.
36. This passage is probably ____.
A. a preface
B. a review of a historical event
C. a literary review
D. an editorial
37. Why does a man who wants to develop the national tradition come into a conflict with his country?
A. He is more highly developed than his fatherland.
B. The man and his country are highly developed.
C. What he does will do no good to his countrymen.
D. He wants to change the tradition and the government.
38. The author thinks that resistance to a crystallized tradition is ____.
A. necessary
B. destructive
C. punishable
D. pitiable
39. The people in the book mentioned who came into conflict with their fatherland ____.
A. usually lived in poverty
B. felt the pains of being denied and deserted
C. were usually emotionally indifferent
D. were all put to death by the country
40. The author’s attitude towards some nation leaders is one of ____.
A. accusation
B. sympathy
C. tolerance
D. admiration
Passage 9
During the 1970s, apprenticeship program for the trades were established in high school in eight demonstration sites around the country —currently involving about 1,500 students. Upon completion of high school, these students become registered apprentices. The programs are considered successful; however, their numbers, like the numbers involved in trade apprenticeships nationally (only 300,000), are very limited and are concentrated in the building trades.
Apprenticeships have now reemerged as a means of improving education, particularly, but not exclusively, for those students who do not go on to post-secondary education. At its simplest, the new American-style youth apprenticeship is a systematic mix of academic instruction in secondary and post-secondary schools with employment-based training of students at a level of quality sufficient to certify their ability to perform entry-level tasks in skilled occupations capably and professionally.
The US Department of Labor recently proposed a two-tiered strategy for raising the skill level of the nation’s workforce by strengthening and preserving the traditional apprenticeship system while encouraging the expansion of structured work-based learning which incorporates the successful features of apprenticeship. Through its apprenticeship initiative, the Department of Labor is currently funding a series of school-to-work demonstration projects designed to help change the way students learn basic workplace skills by applying the principles behind meaningful interrelation of learning and work. Each project involves work-based learning strategies that combine work and classroom learning to better prepare students for high-skill careers. In an effort to address the outdated blue-collar image traditionally associated with the term “apprenticeship”, the National Alliance of Business has developed a training model which comprises the elements of apprenticeship but goes by the new term of “job performance learning”, thereby hoping to attract businesses to utilize these programs to ensure a highly-skilled workforce.
Other youth apprenticeship and work-based learning programs have been established in communities across the country, including statewide efforts such as those in Michigan. The majority of these programs provide paid work experiences for students that structure learning into the work experience and use curriculum materials and instructional strategies that build on the student s’ work experiences.
41. It is implied in the first paragraph that the apprenticeship programs ____.
A. should be expanded to cover other trades than the building trades
B. should not be concentrated employment-based training only
C. are better developed in the building trades than in other trades
D. should involve students other than high school students
42. What do the US students learn in the apprenticeship program?
A. Simulated problem-solving tasks.
B. Academic knowledge and practical skills.
C. Working skills necessary in their future jobs.
D. Academic knowledge and job-hunting skills.
43. It can be inferred from the third paragraph that the German apprenticeship programs emphasize ____.
A. creating a comfortable working environment
B. training practical problem-solving skills
C. work-based training and learning
D. high-skill training and learning
44. The expression “job performance learning” (in the third paragraph) is preferable to the word “apprenticeship” in that ____.
A. modern professional training is totally different from the traditional one
B. the latter is no longer in use in the field of professional training
C. the former sounds more attractive to prospective employers
D. traditional professional training is no longer applicable to modern situations
45. Such programs as those in Michigan attach great importance to ____.
A. the learning of curriculum materials
B. work experiences
C. job performance learning
D. on-the-job learning
Passage 10
A single status may have multiple roles attached to it, constituting a role set. Consider the status of a patient in a hospital. The status involves the sick role; another role as the peer of other patients; still another role as the “appreciative” receiver of the gifts and attention of friends and family members; one role as a consumer of newspaper, magazines, and other small items purchased from a hospital attendant; and a role as acquaintance of a number of friendly hospital personnel. Or consider your status as a family member. Your status includes a variety of roles, for example, parent and child, uncle, spouse, and cousin. Clearly, a role does not exist in a social vacuum; it is a bundle of activities that are connected with the activities of other people. For this reason there can be no professors without students, no husbands without wives, no whites without nonwhites and no lawyers without clients.
Roles affect us as sets of norms that define our duties —the actions others can legitimately insist that we perform, and our right —the actions we can legitimately insist that others perform. Every role has at least one reciprocal role attached to it; the rights of one role are the duties of the other role. As we have noted, we have a social niche for the sick. Sick people have rights —our society says they do not have to function in usual ways until they get well. But sick people also have the duty to get well and “not enjoy themselves too much”. The sick role also entails an appeal to another party —the physician. The physician must perceive the patient as trying to get well —this is the physician’s right and the patient’s duty. And the patient as trying to get well —this is the physician’s right and the patient’s duty. And the patient must see the doctor as sincere —the patient’s right and the physician’s duty. It should come as no surprise that the quality of medical care falters when patient and physician role expectations break down.
One way that people are linked in groups is through networks of reciprocal roles. Role relationships tie us to one another because the rights of one end of the relationship are the duties of the other. People experience these stable relationships as social structure —a hospital, a college, a family, a gang, an army, and so on.
46. An “appreciative receiver of the gifts” (the third sentence in the first paragraph) is one ____.
A. who feels grateful to the givers of the gifts
B. who shows his generosity by giving others gifts
C. who is admired and given gifts
D. who is sick and receives gifts from others
47. If you are a patient, you take on all of the following roles EXCEPT the role as ____.
A. a friend of your fellow patients
B. a staff member of the hospital
C. the receiver of the treatment
D. a buyer of medicines
48. The example of the family member in Paragraph 1 is used to convey the idea that ____.
A. roles involve both duties and rights corresponding to them
B. a role set forms a network of interdependencies
C. family roles are far more complex than they appear
D. family members have more duties than patients
49. Which of the following may be considered one of the doctor’s duties?
A. See to it that the patient gets well as soon as possible.
B. Make sure that the patient does not enjoy himself too much.
C. Ask the patient to be cooperative in the treatment.
D. Perceive the patient as eager to get well.
50. A role is best defined in its relation to ____.
A. another status
B. its obligation
C. other roles
D. its importance
Passage 11
New figures from France，Germany and Italy—the three biggest economies in the 12 country Eurozone—suggest the continent‘s economic woes may have been exaggerated. In France，evidence emerged that consumer spending remained solid in July and August，rising 1.4%and 0.6%respectively.Forecasters had generally expected the July figure to show a 0.1% slippage，with August unchanged. But the figures were flattered slightly by a down grade to the June figure，to 0.7% from1.5%.
With manufacturing in the doldrums across Europe and the US，consumer spending has been increasingly seen as the best hope of stopping the global economic slowdown from turning into a recession. The French government said the news proved that the economy was holding up to the strain of the slowdown.
Meanwhile in Germany，new regional price figures went someway towards calming f ears about inflation in Europe‘s largest economy—a key reason for the European Central Bank’s reluctance to cut interest 15 states said consumer prices were broadly stable，with inflation falling year on year. The information backed economists’ expectations that inflation for the country as a whole is set to fall back to a yearly rate of 2.1%，compared to a yearly rate of 2.6% in August，closing in on the Euro wide target of 2%.The drop is partly due to last year’s spike in oil prices dropping out of the year on year calculation.
The icing on the cake was news that Italy‘s job market has remained buoyant. The country’s July unemployment rate dropped to 9.4% from 9.6% the month before，its lowest level in more than eight years. And a business confidence survey from quasigovernmental research group ISAE told of a general pickup in demand in the six weeks to early September. But the news was tempered by an announcement by Alitalia，the country‘s biggest airline，that it will have to get rid of 2,500 staff to cope with the expected contraction as well as selling 12 aeroplanes. And industrial group Confindustria warned that the attacks on US targets meant growth will be about 1.9% this year，well short of the government’s 2.4% target. And it said the budget deficit will probably be about 1.5%，nearly twice the 0.8% Italy‘s government has promised its European Union partners.
51. We know from the first paragraph that .
A. new figures from the three European countries show the prediction of forecasters is exactly right
B. European economy gets on better than forecasters have predicted
C. all of the forecasters expect the fully figure to show a reduction
D. in three European countries the consumer spending continues to rise
52. The term “in the doldrums” in Paragraph 2 refers to .
A. in the process of rising
B. experiencing a sharp turning
C. in the recession
D. rising rapidly
53. Which of the following statements is true according to the text？。
A. The reason for the ECB’s unwilling to cut interest rates is inflation was actually expected to fall in Germany
B. In Germany consumer prices were falling
C. Last year‘s oil pri ces dropping out of the year on year calculation directly leads to the drop of inflation
D. The European Central Bank is willing to cut interest rate
54. ln this passage，the word “buoyant” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to the word.
A. depressing
B. gloomy
C. active
D. calm
55. lndustrial group Confindustria warned that.
A. the attacks on US targets lead to the comparatively lower growth
B. the growth had been well short of the government‘s target
C. the budget deficit must be about 1.5%
D. the budget deficit will probably be great different from the country‘s promise
Passage 12
Survey results indicate that smoking and alcohol and marijuana use increased among residents of Manhattan during the 5～8 weeks after the terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center which took place on September 11，2001. Almost one third of the nearly 1，000 persons interviewed reported an increased use of alcohol，marijuana，or cigarettes following the September 11th attacks. The largest increase was in alcohol use. About one fourth of the respondents said they were drinking more alcohol in the weeks after September 11；about 10% reported an increase in smoking，and 3.2% said they had increased their use of marijuana.
The investigators found survey participants by randomly dialing New York City phone numbers and screened potential respondents for Manhattan residents living in areas close to the World Trade Center. Interviews were conducted with 988 individuals between October 16 and November 15，2001. Participants were asked about their cigarette smoking，alcohol drinking，and marijuana use habits before and after September 11. During the week prior to September 11，2001，22.6% of the participants reported smoking cigarettes，59.1% drinking alcohol，and 4.4% using marijuana. After September 11th，23.4% reported smoking cigarettes，64.4% drinking alcohol，and 5.7% smoking marijuana. Among those who smoked，almost 10% reported smoking at least an extra pack of cigarettes a week and among those who drank alcohol，more than 20% reported imbibing at least one extra drink a day.
The researchers found that people who reported an increase in substance abuse were more likely to suffer from posttraumatic stress disorder（PTSD）and from depression. People who reported an increase in cigarette smoking or marijuana use were also more likely to have both PTSD and depression，while those who reported an increase in alcohol use were more likely to have depression only. Persons who were living closer to the World Trade Center were more likely to increase their cigarette smoking，but other factors such as being displaced from home，losing possessions during the attacks，or being involved in the rescue efforts were not consistently associated with increased substance use. Symptoms of panic attack were associated with an increase in the use of all substances.
Increase in substance abuse did not differ significantly between men and women or among racial or ethnic groups. Demographic factors such as age，marital status，and income seemed to play a more critical role in determining if the events of September 11th led to an increase in substance use.
56. The survey results suggest that the largest increase in substance use was .
A. alcohol
B. marijuana
C. cigarettes
D. cocaine
57. The survey participants were .
A. randomly selected United States citizens
B. randomly selected New York City citizens
C. randomly selected Manhattan residents who live close to the World Trade Center
D. randomly selected American citizens who witnessed the terrorist attack
58. The author is trying to show that .
A. use of substances may vary from time to time
B. abuse of certain substances is harmful for health
C. the attack of September 11th has left incurable harm to people’s mental health
D. terrorist attack increase anxiety and sense of insecurity among residents
59. What can be said about substance abuse after September 11？
A. People who reported an increase in alcohol use were more likely to have PTSD.
B. People who were living closer to World Trade Center were most likely to increase
cigarette smoking.
C. Displacement from home and involvement in rescue efforts were consistently associated
with increased substance use.
D. Symptoms of panic attach were unrelated with increased use of substances.
60. What can be inferred from the last paragraph？
A. Demographic information such as gender，race and marital status was not collected.
B. Gender and race do not have much effect on the amount of substance abuse.
C. Age and marital status do not make any difference on substance abuse.
D. Income is a better predictor of substance abuse than age.
I．Vocabulary
1-5 DABCA 6-10 DBCDB 11-15 CBDCA 16-20 CADBC
21-25 CCA BC 26-30 AAABD 31-35 BACDB 36-40 ACCDD
41-45 DDBBA 46-50 AACCA 51-55 DDAAB 56-60 DBCBB
61-65 ABDCB 66-70 DCBBB 71-75 BCCBC 76-80 ADCAA II．Reading Comprehension
1-5 ACBAD 6-10 ACCDB 11-15 DBADC 16-20 ADCBC
21-25 DCDCD
26-30 CBADB
31-35 BADBD
36-40 AAABA
41-45 ABCCD 46-50 ABBAC
51-55 BCACD
56-60 ACDBB
ERP原理与应用 一、单项选择题(共20小题，每小题3分，共60分) 1.业务流程重组是以作业流程为中心、打破传统的金字塔形组织结构向平板形发展，即所谓的( )结构管理。 A.扁平化 B.职能化 C.垂直化 D.流程化 2. 产品结构说明了每个物料在产品层次中相互之间的( )关系。 A.从属关系和结构 B.数量关系和结构 C.从属关系和数量 D.层次关系和数量 3. ERP系统中的主业务流程包括( )模块。 I.物流管理Ⅱ.财务管理Ⅲ.生产管理Ⅳ.库存管理 V.采购管理 A. I、Ⅱ、V B. I、Ⅱ、Ⅲ C. I、Ⅱ、Ⅳ D. Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ 4. 科学采购包括( )。 A.订货点采购和MRP采购 B.准时化采购 C.供应链采购和电子商务采购 D.以上选项都包括。 5. 在易飞ERP系统中，供应商管理模块一般不包括( )项。 A.供应商评价 B.供应商信息 C.供应商选择 D.供应商采购 6. 在易飞ERP系统中，出货通知单只具有通知作用，此时，库存数量( )。 A.增加 B.减少 C.不变 D.不确定 7. 定量库存控制模型要确定的量是( )。 A.订货点和订货批量 B.订货点和订货周期 C.订货周期和订货批量 D.订货批量和订货戚本 8. 企业的三流是指( )。 A.物流、资金流和数据流 B.物流、资金流和信息流 C.数据流、信息流和资金流 D.数据流、物资流和资金流 9. 在易飞ERP系统中，录入产品工艺路线是在( )子系统中进行。 A.产品结构子系统 B.工艺管理子系统 C.工单管理子系统 D.物料需求计划子系统 10. 在易飞ERP系统的主生产排程子系统中，排程来源有( )。 A.销售预测和BOM用量 B.客户订单和工单 C.采购单和客户订单 D.客户订单和销售预测 11. 在易飞ERP系统中，生成物料需求计划需要的基础信息中属于存货管理子系统的是( )。 A.假日表信息 B.品号信息 C.客户订单/销售预测 D.采购单/请购单 12. 会计学理论中，标准成本体系属于( )。 A.成本管理制度 B.成本计算标准 C.财务会计标准 D.财务报表分析制度 13. 易飞ERP系统中的财务报表主要以( )方式提供财务信息。 A.合并报表 B.个性化定制报表 C.定期编制财务报表 D.实时编制财务报表 14. ERP系统中的损益表主要用以显示企业的( )。 A.盈余变动 B.资金流动情况 C.营运获利能力 D.经营情况 15. ERP实施中，需求分析工作的目的在于( )。 A.优化业务流程 B.了解企业需求 C.为实施ERP做准备 D.定义项目目标 16. 最早提出ERP概念的咨询公司在( )。 A.英国 B.中国 C.美国 D.法国 17.时段MRP是在( )学说的基础上形成的。 A.物料需求 B.物料独立需求和相关需求 C.物料独立需求 D.物料相关需求 18. MRPⅡ与MRP的主要区别就是它运用了( )的概念。 A.会计 B.成本会计 C.管理会计 D.财务管理 19.业务流程重组是以作业流程为一天回家一趟中心、打破传统的金字塔形组织结构向平板形发展，即所谓的( )结构管理。 A.垂直化 B.扁平化 C.职能化 D.流程化
全科医学三基考试试题
3.临床最常见的肾功能试验是( ) A．内生肌酐清除率、血浆肌酐和尿素氮浓度测定 B．尿三杯试验 C．酚红排泄试验 D．浓缩稀释试验 E．对氨马尿酸清除率 5.关于创伤愈合过程中，炎症期的描述不正确的是( ) A．创口或组织裂隙，先为积血充满，而后凝固为血块 B．由于伤后变质，渗出，增生，可表现为局部红肿痛 C．周围组织炎症反应活跃，伤后2～3天达高峰，若无继发感染随后减轻 D．损伤性炎症不利于局部防御和修复 E．若炎症反应剧烈，伤口感染可使胶原纤维增多，疤痕严重 6. 生长快、表面不光滑、边界不清的无痛性硬块，应首先考虑为( ) A．急性乳腺炎
B．乳腺囊性增生病 C．乳房纤维腺病 D．乳腺癌 E．以上均不对 9.柏油便与下列哪个物质有关( ) A．二氧化硫 B．硫化亚铁 C．酸化正铁血红蛋白 D．含铁血黄素 E．肠道尿素酶 10.急性阑尾炎临床诊断的主要依据是( ) A．转移性右下腹痛 B．右下腹有固定压痛 C．转移性右下腹痛伴发热 D．转移性右下腹痛伴血白细胞升高 E．右下腹痛伴发热和血白细胞升高 20. 急性白血病与急性再生障碍性贫血的鉴别，最有意义的检查是( ) A．血细胞计数 B．血涂片找幼稚细胞 C．网织红细胞绝对值 D．骨髓象
E．有否肝、脾、淋巴结肿大 36. .胸痛、咳嗽、咯血和大量脓臭痰最大可能诊断为( ) A．肺炎 B．支气管炎 C．肺梗塞 D．肺脓肿 E．支气管扩张 37. 2岁女孩，因肺炎住院已1周，血培养有金黄色葡萄球菌生长。一直使用抗生素治疗。近2日呼吸困难较入院初加剧。体检：T38.9℃，双肺仍可闻及水泡音，左腋下及背部呼吸音减弱，心率120次/分，律整，无杂音，肝右肋下1.5cm，剑突下3cm。下一步最适宜的处理为( ) A．机械通气辅助治疗 B．加用洋地黄制剂 C．加用支气管触痉 D．胸部X线检查 E．不用特殊处理，继续原治疗 38. 女性，70岁。昨起突然头晕，右眼黑矇，左侧肢体无力，约15分钟后恢复，今又类似发作
2014年北京市医师定期考核业务水平测评 （全科医师专业试卷-A卷） 单位：__________________________________________ 姓名：________________ 性别：_________ 身份证号：____________________________________ 分数： A1型题: 每道试题由1个题干和5个供选择的备选答案组成每题1分，请将正确答案填写在答题卡上 1. 一位母亲带其17岁女儿来诊,其女受雨淋后,突起发冷、发热,体温达39.4℃,二天后咯痰带血, 对此病人,下述哪项处置是不恰当的( ) A.拍X线胸片 B.痰细菌培养及药敏 C.白细胞总分数 D.血细菌培养 E.胸部超声 2. 对于上呼吸道感染的患者，哪种处理欠妥( ) A.对症处理为主 B.戒烟、休息 C.中医中药 D.多饮水 E.及时应用抗生素 3. 重度哮喘时，除吸氧外尚应采取下列哪些措施( ) A.尽可能找出过敏源，去除诱因或进行抗原脱敏疗法 B.采用拟交感神经药、抗生素和促肾上腺皮质激素 C.积极应用免疫抑制剂、色苷酸二钠,必要时用菌苗疗法 D.改善通气、支气管解痉、控制感染、纠正水和电解质平衡失调,应用糖皮质激素 E.大剂量广谱抗生素及抗原脱敏疗法 4. 诊断肺炎球菌性肺炎，哪一项症状价值最大？( ) A.寒战 B.持续高热 C.咳嗽、呼吸困难 D.胸痛 E.咯铁锈色痰 5. 治疗支原体肺炎首选的抗菌药物为( ) A.青霉素 B.磺胺类 C.红霉素 D.庆大霉素
6. 容易变性坏死形成空洞的并发出血的肺癌是( ) A.鳞癌 B.未分化癌 C.腺癌 D.肺泡细胞癌 E.小细胞癌 7. 诊断支气管肺癌最可靠的手段是( ) A.病史、体征 B.胸部X线检查 C.胸部体层摄片检查 D.放射性核素肺扫描 E.痰细胞学或纤维支气管镜检查 8. 患者男性，56岁，嗜烟，慢性咳嗽多年，1年来左胸痛，反复咳少量血丝痰，近2月来声嘶，X线胸片左上第二肋间有结节致密影2×3cm攩2攪，呈分叶状，边缘有短毛刺，侧位位于上叶前段，左肺门结节增大，最可能诊断是( ) A.结核瘤 B.肺炎 C.支气管肺癌 D.纵隔淋巴瘤 E.包裹性胸腔积液 9. 慢性阻塞性肺病合并呼衰时, 在治疗过程中易发生哪种电解质紊乱( ) A.低钠血症 B.高钾低氯血症 C.低钙血症 D.低钾、低氯血症 E.高氯血症 10. 关于睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合症的说法正确的是( ) A.各种原因导致睡眠状态反复出现呼吸暂停和/或低通气，引起低氧血症、高碳酸血症、睡眠中断，从而使机体发生一系列病理生理改变的临床综合征。 B.可分为中枢性和阻塞性两种。 C.每晚睡眠过程中呼吸暂停反复发作10次以上。 D. 每晚睡眠过程中低通气指数≧10次/小时。 E.呼吸暂停是指睡眠过程中口鼻呼吸气流完全停止5秒以上。 11. 肺血栓栓塞症的治疗原则哪项欠妥？( ) A.监测呼吸、心率、血压、心电图、血压饱和度。 B.卧床休息、保持大便通畅；可适当使用镇静剂。 C.纠正低氧血症。 D.建立静脉通道。 E.先观察，必要时再考虑转诊。 12. 治疗肺炎球菌性肺炎停用抗生素的指标一般是( ) A.热退清后至少72小时 B.热退清后1周 C.热退清后2周 D.症状体征消失
一、单选题 1.易造成咯血的常见心血管疾病是 A.冠心病 B.病毒性心肌炎 C.二尖瓣狭窄 D.心包炎 E.心肌病 正确答案：C 2.对腹痛患者，以下处理错误的是 A.病因清楚者应给予病因治疗 B.在病因查明前可应用小剂量解痉剂 C.伴发热者可使用抗生素 D.伴有胃肠症状时可对症治疗 E.对原因不明患者可先给镇痛剂止痛" 正确答案：E 3.需要做胃肠减压的疾病是 A.胆囊炎 B.腹膜炎 C.急性迷路炎
D.幽门梗阻 E.神经性厌食症 正确答案：D 4.头痛伴眩晕的疾病最可能是 A.颅内压增高 B.椎－基底动脉供血不足 C.脑疝 D.青光眼 E.偏头痛 正确答案：B 5.梅尼埃病最可能的发病机制是 A.耳膜迷路水肿 B.听神经损害 C.椎－基底动脉血栓 D.颈动脉狭窄 E.锁骨下动脉窃血综合征 正确答案：A 6.高血压性脑出血最好发的部位是 A.脑室
B.丘脑 C.脑桥 D.内囊及基底神经节 E.小脑 正确答案：D 7.慢性肺源性心脏病患者的主要死亡原因是 A.电解质紊乱 B.中毒性休克 C.呼吸衰竭 D.心律失常 E.右心衰竭 正确答案：C 8.急性心肌梗死并发肺水肿的不适宜处理是 A.皮下注射吗啡5～10mg B.吸氧 C.快速利尿剂 D.西地兰0.4mg静注，半小时后重复使用 E.硝酸甘油静脉给药 正确答案：D
9.上呼吸道感染部位是指 A.鼻腔和咽喉部 B.鼻腔、咽喉部、气管 C.鼻腔 D.咽喉部 E.气管、主支气管 正确答案：A 10.萎缩性胃炎患者因内因子抗体与内因子结合后阻碍维生素B12与内因子结合，可导致 A.再生障碍性贫血 B.溶血性贫血 C.缺铁性贫血 D.恶性贫血 E.地中海贫血 正确答案：D 11.消化性溃疡合并上消化道出血时的首选检查是 A.X线钡餐检查 B.胃镜检查 C.选择性腹腔动脉造影
《ERP原理与应用》自测题部分答案 多项选择题 1.投入/产出控制中以下表述正确的是（BCDE ）。 A、如果Ip < Ia，则说明加工单按期到达 B、如果Ia > Oa，则说明在制品增加 C、如果Ip = Ia，则说明加工单按期到达 D、如果Op > Oa，则说明工作中心落后计划 E、如果Op < Oa，则说明工作中心超前计划 2.工作日历要标明（ABC ）等非工作日期。 A、休息日 B、节假日 C、设备维修日 D、工人病事假日 E、管理人员培训日 3.ERP的内部集成包括（BDE ）的集成。 A、供应链 B、产品研发 C、客户关系 D、数据采集 E、核心业务 4.以下项目属于物料范畴的是（ABCDE ）。 A、产品说明书 B、工具 C、产成品 D、包装物 E、原材料 5.工作中心可以是( )。 A.具体的机器 B.装配线 C. 人 D.面积E、一个车间 6.能力需求计划考虑的订单包括（CDE ）。 A、已交货订单 B、已撤销订单 C、计划订单 D、确认订单 E、已下达订单 7.以下工作中心可以定义为关键工作中心的是（ABCD ）。 A、设备经常满负荷，经常加班加点 B、需要熟练技术工人，不能任意替代或随时招聘 C、工艺独特的专用设备，没有可能替代或分包 D、设备昂贵且不可能及时增添 E、经常出现故障的设备 8.关于ABC成本法的应用原则，以下说法正确的是（CD ） A、生产导致成本的发生，作业导致生产的发生 B、产品消耗资源，作业消耗产品 C、生产导致作业的发生，作业导致成本的发生 D、产品消耗作业，作业消耗资源 E、生产同时消耗成本和资源 9.工作中心的作用是（ABCD ）。 A、平衡负荷与能力的基本单元 B、安排车间作业的基本单元 C、计算加工成本的基本单元 D、完工信息采集点 E、调整主生产计划的依据 10.以下关于ERP与MRPⅡ的区别表述正确的是（AD ）。 A、ERP能很好地支持和管理混合制造环境，既适合离散式生产又适合流程式生产。 B、在ERP系统中，财务系统主要是一个信息的归集者，它的功能是将产、供、销中的财务信息转化为价值信息。 C、ERP主要侧重对企业内部人、财、物等资源的管理。 D、ERP除了具有MRPⅡ系统的制造、分销、财务管理功能外，还增加了支持整个供应链上物料流通体系中供、产、需各个环节之间的运输管理和仓库管理。 E、ERP是通过计划的及时滚动来控制整个生产过程的，它的实时性较差，一般只能实现事中控制。 11.以下哪些项目是能力需求计划输入的数据（ABC ）。 A、已下达的MRP订单 B、MRP计划订单 C、工作中心数据 D、主生产计划 E、物料清单
1、影响病人满意度的主要因素有哪几方面？ ①医疗服务提供者的品德、行为、技术、服务等；②医患关系；③病人对疾患的认知及评价；④医疗环境及措施。 2、全科医学发展的历史背景与哪些因素有关？ ①人口老龄化。②疾病话和死因谱的变化。③医学模式的转变。④医疗费用的高涨与卫生资源的不合理配置。⑤医疗机构功能分化。 3、简述全科医生在诊疗过程中的主要任务。 ①确认并处理现存问题；②连续性问题的管理；③适时提供预防性照顾；④改善就医遵医行为。 4、试述病人对医生的共同期望有哪些？ ①对医生高尚医德的期望；②对医生医疗技术的期望；③需要医生提供其它方面帮助的期望；④对医生服务态度和技巧的期望。 5. 什么是社区医学？COPC的基本要素是什么？COPC有何意义？ 全科医学（general practice）：又称家庭医学（family medicine），是一个面向个体、家庭与社区，整合了临床医学、预防医学、康复医学以及医学心理学、人文社会学科相关内容于一体的综合性的医学专业学科，是一个临床二级学科；其专业领域涉及各种年龄、性别、各个器官系统以及各类疾病。其主旨强调以人为中心、以家庭为单位、以整体健康的维护与促进为方向的长期负责式照顾，并将个体与群体健康照顾融为一体。 COPC的基本要素：基层医疗、社区人群、解决问题的过程。 COPC的意义：①通过以社区为范围的服务，了解人群健康问题的缘由。仅从医院、诊所的疾病去研究健康，无法获得健康问题的完整因素。因此，维护个人、家庭的健康必须以社区为导向。②社区是健康隐患的重要背景。以社区背景观察健康问题，以系统论将健康问题还原于原位，暴露涉及的全部因素。忽视社区背景因素，疾病观狭隘，不能科学的诊治慢性病和提供合理的照顾。③以社区为范围，医生关心健康人群、求助者和患者，这样方能完整地维护居民健康，将预防、病患、传播方式包含其中。社区预防相比个体诊治对人群更具意义。④以社区为范围的服务，能合理利用有限的卫生资源，动员群防群治，最大限度满足居民的健康需求。维护社区人群健康，是整个社区及社会的责任，社区积极参与可弥补卫生资源的不足，使维护健康的活动在政策、制度、行政干预下，成为全体居民参与的群众行为，摆脱以纯粹医疗无法取得的效果。⑤以社区为范围的服务，有效地控制疾病在社区的流行。 ⑥以社区为主体的基层医疗，是“人人享有卫生保健”的途径。 6.一、二、三级预防？简要阐述心、脑血管疾病的三级预防内容。 ⑴一级预防又称病因预防。主要是疾病尚未发生时针对致病因素所采取的措施，也是预防疾病和消灭疾病的根本措施。 ⑵二级预防亦称临床前期预防或发病期预防。即在疾病的临床前期做到早期发现、早期诊断、早期治疗，从而使疾病能够得到早治愈而不致加重和发展。
社区常见医疗问题（二）试题 一、单选题 1．下列哪项是急性上呼吸道感染的常见并发症 A．肌炎 B．中耳炎 C．心肌炎 D．急性胃黏膜病变 E．急性肾功能不全 2．关于急性上呼吸道感染的治疗，下述正确的是 A．轻症无需特殊处理，多饮水，注意休息即可 B．有发热、头痛、全身酸痛等症状时，无论是否合并细菌感染，均需加用 口服抗生素 C．解热镇痛药是常规必用药 D．可给予特效抗病毒药 E．该病预后良好，一般处理即可，无需随访 3．下述哪项是社区获得性肺炎的主要病原体 A．肺炎链球菌 B．白色念珠菌 C．金黄色葡萄球菌 D．卡他莫拉菌 E．绿脓杆菌 4．下述哪项关于病毒性肺炎的描述是正确的 A. 病情来势凶猛，发热、咳嗽、咳痰、胸痛等症状较重 B. 巨细胞病毒性肺炎的胸部X线表现为小点、斑片状或大片融合阴影，可伴肺不张和 肺气肿 C. 当临床上咳嗽、咳痰症状加重，尤其出现黄脓痰时，提示可能继发细菌感染 D. 经验性用药，首选大环内酯类药物 E. 病毒性肺炎的胸部X线表现不明显 5．慢性支气管炎咳嗽的主要特点是 A．多发生于老人
B．男性多见 C．伴有发热 D．反复发作，具有季节性 E．有阳性体征 6. 儿童哮喘需要考虑的鉴别诊断主要是 A. 慢性支气管炎 B. 肺源性心脏病 C. 支气管扩张 D. 肺结核 E. 气管异物阻塞 7. 肺部哮鸣音主要见于下列哪种疾病 A. 支气管扩张 B. 肺癌 C. 肺结核 D. 急性左心衰竭 E. 胸膜炎 8．正常儿童突然发生咳嗽和哮鸣，胸部X线示吸气和呼气相膈肌矛盾运动或纵隔移位,首先考虑 A. 支气管哮喘 B. 呼吸窘迫综合征 C．气管异物 D. 支气管扩张 E. 肺结核 9．55岁女性，突然咳嗽、咳黄痰伴发热。最可能的疾病是 A．急性支气管炎 B．气胸 C．胸膜炎
《全科医学概论》期末考试资料一、单选题 1、有关我国人口老龄化的说法下列哪项是错误的 ( C ) A. 经济发展的不均衡造成我国不同地区老龄化状态的不均衡 B. 中国人口老龄化是一个非自然发展过程 C. 中国是最先进入老龄化的国家之一 D. 中国是世界上老龄人口最多的国家 2．下列哪项是目前常用的心理咨询方法和技巧 ( D ) A．强调病人自己有解决问题的能力 B. 不用药物治疗 C. 社会支持治疗 D. 倾听、解释，支持，心理和药物治疗并用 3．以下哪项是综合性医院医学心理咨询应注意转诊或住院治疗的 ( C ) A．学习障碍 B. 性心理障碍 C. 精神分裂症急性期 D. 抑郁性障碍 4．以下哪项不属于．．． 医学心理咨询应遵循的原则 ( D ) A．耐心倾听 B. 严守秘密 C. 解决问题 D. 先入为主 5．对待转诊，下列做法哪项是正确的 ( B ) A．咨询员在咨询中要做到十全十美 B．转诊之前要与来访者谈妥转诊的意向 C．考虑到来访者的利益一般不能转诊 D．转诊是不符合咨询员职业道德的 6．下列哪项不是．．第一次会谈中要涉及的结构和内容 ( D ) A．消除戒心 B. 进入正题 C. 探索问题 D. 评估效果 7、社区卫生服务的“六位一体”是指 ( B ) A. 健康教育、预防、保健、康复、计划免疫、医疗 B. 健康教育、预防、保健、康复、计划生育指导、医疗 C. 健康教育、预防、营养、康复、计划生育指导、医疗 D. 法制教育、预防、保健、康复、计划生育指导、医疗 8、社区预防坚持以人为本，以下列哪项为中心 ( C ) A. 疾病 B. 医生 C. 病人 D. 健康 9、社区干预试验研究对象的基本范围是 ( C ) A. 社区中个体 B. 社区中患者 C. 社区人群 D. 社区老年人 10、一种新疗法可延长急性粒细胞白血病患者的存活期，但不能治愈该病，此时将出现下哪种情况 ( B ) A．发病率将上升 B．患病率将上升 C．发病率将下降 D．患病率将下降 11．关于全科医学学科下列哪项是正确的 ( D ) A、自20世纪60年代起源的新型二级临床专业学科 B、正式建立于20世纪60年代的新型临床二级专业学科 C、各门临床医学学科的综合体 D、包含了“六位一体”服务所有内容的临床医学学科 12．全科医疗的基本特征不包括下列哪项 ( D ) A 、为社区居民提供连续性服务 B 、提供以病人为中心的服务 C 、提供以社区为基础的服务 D 、提供以家庭病床为主的基层医疗服务 13．全科医学的基本原则不包括下列哪项 ( D ) A 以门诊为主体的照顾 B 为个体提供从生到死的全过程照顾 C 为服务对象协调各种医疗资源 D 提供以急诊室和家庭病床为主的服务 14．全科医疗作为一种基层医疗保健，它不是 ( C ) A公众需要时最先接触的医疗服务 B 以门诊为主体的医疗照顾 C 仅关注社区中前来就医者 D 强调使用相对简便而有效的手段解决社区居民大部分健康问题
ERP培训效果摸底测试 一、选择题（40分，每题2分） 1.闭环MRP在基本MRP的基础上引进了（ C ）并进行运作反馈，从而克服基本MRP的不足。 A.生产制造计划 B.库存需求计划 C.能力需求计划 D.采购需求计划 2. ERP的概念提出于( D ) 。 A.20世纪60年代 B.20世纪70年代 C.20世纪80年代 D.20世纪90年代 3. JIT生产中每道工序间的“看板”主要是为了控制（B ）的库存。 A.产成品 B.在制品 C.原材料 D.组装件 4. ERP的基本思想是（C ）。 A.计划和管理 B.控制和组织 C.计划和控制 D.组织和管理 5.供应商评审涉及到以下哪些方面（ABCD ）。（多选） A.价格和能力 B.灵活性和提前期 C.可靠性和制造过程 D.质量、服务及定价 6.工作中心文件包括（ AD）项。(多选) A.在每个工作中心的平均排队时间 B.定额时间 C.制造时间 D.在各工作中心之间的运输时间 7.MRP的基本原理是根据需求和预测来测定未来物料供应和生产计划，提供（）的准确 时间和数量（A ）。 A. 物料需求 B.采购需求 C. 制造资源 D.供应需求 8.一般来说，在生产型制造企业的各项支出对利润的影响中，相比较影响最大的是（B ）。 A.销售成本 B.采购成本 C.生产成本 D.存货成本 9.企业向初步选中的供应商发出的请求其提供报价的单据是（ C ）。 A.报价单 B.采购订单 C.询价单 D.请购单 10.采购过程除了评审供应商，确认采购需求，生成申请单，选择供应商，修正申请单以外 还有哪些（ ABCD ）。(多选) A.生产采购单 B.跟踪采购单
第一部分 一、单选题 1. 全科医疗的基本特征不包括 A. 为社区居民提供连续性服务 B. 提供以病人为中心的服务 C. 提供以社区为基础的服务 D. 提供以家庭为单位的服务 E. 提供以家庭病床为主的基层医疗服务 2. 全科医学的基本原则不包括 A. 以门诊为主体的照顾 B. 为个体提供从生到死的全过程照顾 C. 为服务对象协调各种医疗资源 D. 提供以急诊室和家庭病床为主的服务 E. 提供使社区群众易于利用的服务 3. 对“以社区为基础的照顾”描述正确的是 A. 对辖区内全体居民进行健康登记 B. 在居民社区内设立全科医学诊室 C. 以一定的人群健康需求为基础，提供个体和群体相结合的服务 D. 对社区内所有居民的进行健康状况普查 E. 组成医-护-公卫团队每日巡回于居民区 4. 对“以家庭为单位照顾”描述最佳的是 A.全科医生将家庭访视作为其日常工作中的最主要内容 B.全科医生必须为社区内所有家庭建立家庭健康档案 C.全科医生负责管理每个家庭所有成员疾病的诊疗及康复 D.全科医生应利用家庭资源进行健康与疾病的管理 E.全科医生在接诊病人时首先应了解并记录其家庭情况 5. 以下何种属性不是全科医疗与专科医疗的区别： A. 对服务对象责任的持续性与间断性 B. 处理疾病的轻重、常见与少见 C.对服务对象的责任心 D. 是否使用高新昂贵的医疗技术 E. 服务人口的多少与流动性 6. 全科医生的工作方式，不包括 A.以人为中心提供照顾 B.以家庭为单位提供照顾 C.提供机会性预防服务 D.主要提供急诊和住院服务 E.以团队的形式提供所需服务 7. 培训全科医生临床诊疗思维模式的场所不包括
选择题 1. 关于原发性三叉神经痛错误的是： A. 有触发点（扳机点） B. 睡眠时疼痛可减少 C. 疼痛发作时可伴有面部肌肉反射性抽搐 D. 常伴有角膜反射消失 E. 一般止痛药不易奏效 2. 三叉神经痛首选治疗为： A. 卡马西平口服 B. 大剂量维生素B12肌注 C. 封闭疗法 D. 射频电凝疗法 E. 三叉神经微血管减压术 3. 特发性面神经麻痹可表现为： A. 患侧舌后1/3味觉丧失 B. 口角歪向患侧 C. 患侧眼裂变小 D. 患侧听觉减退 E. 患侧不能皱额 4. 对于格林-巴利综合征，下列哪项是不正确的： A. 多数病前1~4周有感冒史或疫苗接种史 B. 急性或亚急性起病 C. 均有手套袜子型感觉减退 D. 常伴有颅神经损害 E. 起病第3周脑脊液蛋白-细胞分离最明显 5. 关于脊髓半切综合征错误的是： A. 同侧损害节段以下上运动神经元瘫痪 B. 同侧深感觉障碍 C. 对侧分离性感觉障碍 D. 大小便障碍 E. 对侧浅感觉障碍平面较脊髓受损节段的水平低 6. 关于急性脊髓炎正确的是： A. 以颈段最常见 B. 多见于老年人、小儿等抵抗力低下人群 C. 无大小便障碍 D. 病后第3周出现蛋白-细胞分离 E. 为单相病程 7. 髓外硬膜内肿瘤的临床表现, 下列哪项不正确： A. 一侧神经根性疼痛常是首要症状 B. 脊髓半侧损害较为常见 C. 大小便障碍出现早 D. 椎管阻塞早 E. 病程进展缓慢 8. 脊髓压迫症最常见的原因是： A. 脊髓出血 B. 脊髓蛛网膜炎 C. 脊髓肿瘤 D. 急性脊髓炎 E. 急性硬膜外脓肿 9. 关于脊髓亚急性联合变性的临床表现错误的是： A. 贫血 B. 手套、袜套样感觉减退 C. Lhermitte征阳性 D. 小脑性共济失调 E. 括约肌功能障碍
全科医学考试题库 一、单选题 答题说明：每一道考题下面有A、B、C、D、E五个备选答案。请从中选择一个最佳答案 1．全科医学学科是 A 自20世纪60年代起源的新型二级临床专业学科 B 正式建立于20世纪60年代的新型临床二级专业学科 C正式建立于20世纪70年代的新型临床二级专业学科 D 包含了“六位一体”服务所有内容的预防医学专业学科 E自20世纪50年代起源的新型二级临床专业学科 [答案] B [解析] 全科医学诞生于20世纪60年代，是一个临床二级专业学科，不是二级临床专业学科。 2．全科医生是 A 全面掌握各临床学科业务技术的临床医生 B 提供“六位一体”全部服务内容的基层医生 C专门为社区群众提供上门服务的基层临床预防医生 D在社区提供长期负责式的医疗保健医生 E以公共卫生服务为主的预防医生 [答案] B [解析] 准确的描述，全科医生应该是提供“六位一体”的全部
服务内容的基层医生 3．对“以家庭为单位照顾”描述最佳的是 A全科医生将家庭访视作为其日常工作中的最主要内容 B全科医生必须为社区内所有家庭建立家庭健康档案 C全科医生负责管理每个家庭所有成员疾病的诊疗及康复 D全科医生应该充分利用家庭资源进行健康与疾病的管理 E全科医生在接诊病人时首先应了解并记录其家庭经济情况 [答案] D [解析] 家庭是全科医生的服务对象，也是开展诊疗工作的重要场所。因此比较全面的描述应该是：全科医生要充分利用家庭这个有效的资源，进行健康与疾病的管理。 4．全科医生的工作方式，不包括 A.以病人为中心提供照顾 B.以家庭为单位提供照顾 C.以社区为范畴提供服务 D.主要提供急诊和住院服务 E. 提供机会性预防服务 [答案] D [解析] 全科医生的工作方式不包括：主要提供急诊和住院服务，因为这是大医院、专科医生的服务范畴和主要内容。 5．“以病人为中心”的服务原则不包括 A 建立以全科医生为核心的工作团队
一、多项选择题（每题5分，共计20分） 1．如果采购管理与应付系统集成使用，则应付系统中可以录入以下哪些单据？（AD ） A．采购发票B．采购入库单C．应付单D．付款单 2．如果应收款系统与销售系统集成使用，在应收款系统中不能对销售发票进行（ABCD ）操作。 A．录入B．查询 C．核销D．制单 E.修改 3．销售、采购等其它业务子系统传递到总账中的凭证，可以在总账中（AC ）A．查询B．修改C．审核D．删除 4．关于删除账套，以下哪些说法是正确的？（CD） A．系统不提供删除账套的功能 B．只有账套主管才能删除账套C．正在使用的账套不允许删除 D．删除账套前系统会进行强制备份二、判断并改错题（每题3分，共计24分）[如判断有错，则必须抄题并改正] 1．设置不同的凭证类别不会影响会计核算的最终结果。（ A） 2．既可以设置由系统自动备份，也可以人工对账套数据进行备份。（ A）3．在用友ERP管理系统中，引入账套时只能按系统默认路径引入，不能自由选择。（B ） 答：在用友ERP管理系统中，引入账套时只能按系统默认路径引入，可以自由选择。 4.销售发票可以参照发货单自动生成，也可以手工输入。（A ） 5.如果需要手工录入采购专用发票，则必须将采购系统选项中的“普通采购必有订单”选中，然后才可操作。（B ） 答：如果需要手工录入采购专用发票，则必须将采购系统选项中的“普通采购必有订单”选项取消，然后才可操作。 6.当期初发货单已经有下游单据生成，并且存货系统已经根据该张发货单记账时，则必须先反记账，并删除下游单据后，才可以修改该张发货单。（A ） 7.通常，现付单据不能通过应付款系统/应付单据审核命令实现审核。（B ）答：通常，现付单据可以通过应付款系统/应付单据审核命令实现审核 8.处理销售业务系统具体业务时，确保各种存货具有外销属性即可。（ B）
ＥＲＰ原理与应用期末综合练习 一、单项选择题 １.最早提出EＲＰ概念的咨询公司在（C)。 A.英国B．中国C.美国ff 2.时段ＭRP是在（B ）学说的基础上形成的。 A.物料需求一天今天第一 B.物料独立需求和相关需求 C.物料独立需求 D.物料相关需求 3. MＲPⅡ与MRP的主要区别就是它运用了( C )的概念。 A．会计B.成本会计C.管理会计D.财务管理 4.业务流程重组是以作业流程为一天回家一趟中心、打破传统的金字塔形组织结构向平板形发展,即所谓的( B)结构管理。 A.垂直化B．扁平化Ｃ.职能化D.流程化 5. 闭环MＲP在时段ＭRP基础上添加了（D ）。 A.库存需求计划 B.生产计划 C.采购需求计划太阳花一天Ｄ.能力需求计划 6．下列选项中不属于ERP系统基本组成部分的是(A)。 Ａ.工作流B.财务管理 C.生产计划D．物流管理 7.ＥRP思想的倡导者是( C ) 。 A.Ｏracｌe公司B．BAＡN公司C．SＡP公司Ｄ.用友公司 8.一般来说，在生产型制造企一体化业的各项支出对利润的影响中,影响最大的是( B ）。 A.销售成本Ｂ.采购成本 C．存货成本Ｄ.生产成本 9.ERP系统中的主业务流程包括( D )模块。 I.物流管理 II.财务管理后天然后他III.生产管理 IV.库存管理Ｖ．采购管理 A.ＩI、III、IＶ B.Ｉ、II如果还让他好过、IＶ C.I、ＩI、ＶＤ.Ｉ、II、III 10.在易飞ERP系统中,记录企业向供应商询价结果的单据是( Ｂ)。 A.报价单 B.询价单C．请购单D.采购单 11. ERP系统的四个全景分别对应（ C ）四种管理。 A.供应链管理、库存管理、生产管理、财务管理 B.库存管理、销售管理、采购管理、生产管理 C.供应链管理、客户关系管理、产品生命周期管理和知识管理
全科医学基本理论考试题 1．全科医疗的基本特征不包括（） E A 为社区居民提供连续性服务 B 提供以病人为中心的服务 C 提供以社区为基础的服务 D 提供以家庭为单位的服务 E 提供以家庭病床为主的基层医疗服务 2.世界全科/家庭医生组织/学会（WONCA）成立于 C A 1969年 B 1986年 C 1972年 D 1993年 E 1992年 3.全科医学概念引入中国是在 B A 20世纪60年代后期 B 20世纪80年代后期 C 20世纪90年代后期 D 19世纪80年代后期 E 19世纪60年代后期 4.全科医生的工作方式，不包括 D A.以人为中心提供照顾 B.以家庭为单位提供照顾 C.提供机会性预防服务 D.主要提供急诊和住院服务 E. 以团队的形式提供所需服务 全科医生是 D A 全面掌握各科业务技术的临床医生 B 提供“六位一体”全部服务内容的基层医生 C专门为社区群众提供上门医疗服务的基层医生 D 经全科医学专业培训合格，在社区提供长期负责式医疗保健的医生
E以公共卫生服务为主的医生 全科医学的基本原则不包括 D A 以门诊为主体的照顾 B 为个体提供从生到死的全过程照顾 C 为服务对象协调各种医疗资源 D 提供以急诊室和家庭病床为主的服务 E 提供使社区群众易于利用的服务 5．全科医疗作为一种基层医疗保健，它不是 C A公众需要时最先接触的医疗服务 B 以门诊为主体的医疗照顾 C 仅关注社区中前来就医者 D 强调使用相对简便而有效的手段解决社区居民大部分健康问题 E 强调在改善健康状况的同时提高医疗的成本效益 6．全科医学“连续性服务”体现在 D A 全科医生对社区中所有人的生老病死负有全部责任 B 全科医生在患者生病的过程中均陪伴在病人床边 C对患者的所有健康问题都要由全科医生亲手处理 D全科医生对人生各阶段以及从健康到疾病的各阶段都负有健康管理责任E如果全科医生调动工作，就必须将自己的患者带走 7．对“以社区为基础的照顾”描述正确的是 C A 对辖区内全体居民进行健康登记 B 在居民社区内设立全科医学诊室 C 以一定的人群健康需求为基础，提供个体和群体相结合的服务 D 对社区内所有居民的进行健康状况普查 E 组成医-护-公卫团队每日巡回于居民区 8．对“以家庭为单位照顾”描述最佳的是 D A全科医生将家庭访视作为其日常工作中的最主要内容 B全科医生必须为社区内所有家庭建立家庭健康档案 C全科医生负责管理每个家庭所有成员疾病的诊疗及康复
①我们II打〈败〉了敌人。 ②我们II〔把敌人〕打〈败〉了。 全科医师岗位培训试题（学生用书）中全科医学基础答案： 1B 2E 3B 4D 5C 6D 7C 8D 9C 10D 12A 13C 14B 15C 16A 17D 18C 19B 20E 21E 22E 23A 24E 26D 27B 28A 29E 30C 31B 32B 33D 34C 35D 36B 37B 38A39A 42D 43E 44A 45C 47E 48D 49C 50D 52A 53A 54A 55B 56C 58E 59E 61A 62A 63B 66B 67C 68E 69B 70C 71E 72D 73C 74C 75D 76E 77E 90E 97A 98C 101E 103C 118C 130D 131D 132D 133C 134C 135C 136D 137B 138D 141C 145D 146E 150C 153A 154B 157C 158C 159D 160A 161B （注意：请关注书P40页加西土各图表的含义：如离婚、死亡、虚线等） 社区卫生服务的计划实施与评价 1社区卫生服务专项计划的主要内容是：E A社区计划免疫、健康教育营养咨询计划B社区优生优育计划C慢性病防治计划 D家庭病床建立计划E医院机构中卫生人员的卫生人力培训计划 2制订社区卫生服务计划的前提是：正确及时的信息资源 社区卫生服务的评价：贯穿于整个管理过程中、社区卫生服务管理包括：计划、评价、实施，评价的基本原理：比较；评价的前提：确定价值；评价的基础：准确的信息 3制定社区卫生服务计划的关键是：D A确定前提条件B制定策略和方案C评价策略和方案D制定社区卫生服务的 目标E拟订实施进程表 4社区卫生服务计划的基础是：E A社区计划免疫B社区优生优育计划C社区人力培训计划D社区疾病防治计划 E社区卫生事业服务计划 5社区卫生服务计划内容不正确的是：D A日程安排和经费预算B服务对象和认输C实施地点和指标D本活动的长期健 康效益E计划实施结果的考核、评价的方法 6在下列各项社区卫生服务评价指标中属于健康状况评价指标的是：D A健康保障制度B健康教育覆盖率C居民对社区卫生服务的满意率D患病率E社区居民对健康档案的建档率 社区卫生服务机构设置 1成本核算的方法：E A医疗成本核算B科室成本核算C项目成本核算D病种成本核算E以上都是2社区卫生服务可采用的比较好的营销策略不包括：B A廉价策略B运用广告等形象策略C关系营销D以市场为导向的营销策略E 全员营销 社区卫生质量管理： 1下列那项不是描述社区卫生服务的质量特征：C
201x年春季学期《全科医学概论》期末考试试题 一、单选题（每题1分，共67分） 1、有关我国人口老龄化的说法下列哪项是错误的 ( C ) A. 经济发展的不均衡造成我国不同地区老龄化状态的不均衡 B. 中国人口老龄化是一个非自然发展过程 C. 中国是最先进入老龄化的国家之一 D. 中国是世界上老龄人口最多的国家 2．下列哪项是目前常用的心理咨询方法和技巧 ( D ) A．强调病人自己有解决问题的能力 B. 不用药物治疗 C. 社会支持治疗 D. 倾听、解释，支持， 心理和药物治疗并用 3．以下哪项是综合性医院医学心理咨询应注意转诊或住院治疗的( C ) A．学习障碍 B. 性心理障碍 C. 精神分裂症急性期 D. 抑郁性障碍 4．以下哪项不属于 ．．．医学心理咨询应遵循的原则 ( D ) A．耐心倾听 B. 严守秘密 C. 解决问题 D. 先入为主 5．对待转诊，下列做法哪项是正确的 ( B ) A．咨询员在咨询中要做到十全十美 B．转诊之前要与来访者谈妥转诊的意向 C．考虑到来访者的利益一般不能转诊 D．转诊是不符合咨询员职业道德的 6．下列哪项不是 ．．第一次会谈中要涉及的结构和内容 ( D ) A．消除戒心 B. 进入正题 C. 探索问题 D. 评估效果 7、社区卫生服务的“六位一体”是指 ( B ) A. 健康教育、预防、保健、康复、计划免疫、医疗 B. 健康教育、预防、保健、康复、计划生育指导、医疗 C. 健康教育、预防、营养、康复、计划生育指导、医疗 D. 法制教育、预防、保健、康复、计划生育指导、医疗 8、社区预防坚持以人为本，以下列哪项为中心 ( C ) A. 疾病 B. 医生 C. 病人 D. 健康 9、社区干预试验研究对象的基本范围是 ( C ) A. 社区中个体 B. 社区中患者 C. 社区人群 D. 社 区老年人 10、一种新疗法可延长急性粒细胞白血病患者的存活期，但不能治愈该病，此时将出现下哪种情况( B ) A．发病率将上升 B．患病率将上升 C．发病率将下降 D．患病率将下降 11．关于全科医学学科下列哪项是正确的 ( D ) A、自20世纪60年代起源的新型二级临床专业学科 B、正式建立于20世纪60年代的新型临床二级专业学科 C、各门临床医学学科的综合体 D、包含了“六位一体”服务所有内容的临床医学学 科 12．全科医疗的基本特征不包括下列哪项 ( D ) A 、为社区居民提供连续性服务 B 、提供以 病人为中心的服务 C 、提供以社区为基础的服务 D 、提供以 家庭病床为主的基层医疗服务 13．全科医学的基本原则不包括下列哪项 ( D ) A 以门诊为主体的照顾 B 为个体提 供从生到死的全过程照顾 C 为服务对象协调各种医疗资源 D 提供以急 诊室和家庭病床为主的服务 14．全科医疗作为一种基层医疗保健，它不是 ( C ) A公众需要时最先接触的医疗服务 B 以门诊为主 体的医疗照顾 C 仅关注社区中前来就医者 D 强调使用相对简便而有效的手段解决社区居民大 部分健康问题 15．全科医学“连续性服务”体现在下列哪项 ( D ) A 全科医生对社区中所有人的生老病死负有全部责 任 B 全科医生在患者生病的过程中均陪伴在病人床边 C对患者的所有健康问题都要由全科医生亲手处理 D全科医生对人生各阶段以及从健康到疾病的各阶段 都负有健康管理责任 16．对“以社区为范围的照顾”下列描述正确的是 ( C ) A、对辖区内全体居民进行健康登记 B、在居民 社区内设立全科医学诊室 C、以一定的人群健康需求为基础，提供个体和群体 相结合的服务 D、对社区内所有居民进行健康状况普查 17．对“以家庭为单位照顾”下列描述最佳的是 ( D ) A全科医生将家庭访视作为其日常工作中的最主要内 容 B全科医生必须为社区内所有家庭建立家庭健康档案 C全科医生负责管理每个家庭所有成员疾病的诊疗及 康复 D全科医生应利用家庭资源进行健康与疾病的管理
···········《 ERP原理及应用》试题模拟 一、名词解释（ 6 × 5=30 分） 1 、ERP 2 、时栅 3 、BOM 4 、提前期 5 、工作中心 6 、动态联盟 二、简答（5 × 6=30 分） 1 、描述 ERP 的发展过程及趋势。 2 、MRP 数据处理过程。 3 、何谓物料主文件？与物料清单有何区别？ 4 、制造业的生产计划方式有哪些？ 5 、ERP 能解决现实中的哪些问题？ 三、某车床组共有车床 8 台，每台车床全年有效工作时间为 4650 小时，在车床组上加工结构和工艺相似的四种产品 A,B,C,D ，各产品计划产量与台时定额 10 分） 五、现有一产品的 BOM 如下图。括号中的数字代表料品的需求数量。假设料品 B 现有库存量 50 个， D 有存货 20 个。如果接到一订单需要 A 产品 80 个，应采购原料 D 多少个？（ 10 分）
六、论述题 一个企业实施 ERP 项目需要考虑哪些问题？（ 10 分） 《 ERP原理与实施》试题答案 一、名词解释（ 6 × 5=30 分） 1 、 ERP ERP 是建立在信息技术基础上，利用现代企业的先进管理思想，全面地集成了企业所有资源信息，为企业提供决策、计划、控制与经营业绩评估的全方位和系统化的管理平台。 Gartner Group 提出的 ERP 功能标准包括以下 4 个方面： 超越MRP Ⅱ 范围的集成功能； 支持混合方式的制造环境； 支持能动的监控能力； 支持开放的客户机／服务器计算环境。 2 、时栅 需求预测的冲减的时间界限 3 、 BOM 物料清单 (Bill of Material ，简记为 BOM) 。BOM 是产品结构文件，它不仅罗列出某一产品的所有构成项目，同时也要指出这些项目之间的结构关系，即从原材料到零件、组件、直到最终产品的层次隶属关系。 4 、提前期 任一物料项目从完工日期算起倒推到开始日期这段生产周期，称为提前期。对整个生产周期而言，提前期可分为设计提前期、采购提前期、加工提前期、装配提前期等等，总计称为总提前期。 5 、工作中心 工作中心是用于生产产品的生产资源，包括机器、人和设备，是各种生产或能力加工单元的总称。工作中心属于能力的范畴即计划的范畴，而不属于固定资产或者设备管理的范畴。 6 、动态联盟 动态联盟是一种基于自己的核心能力通过整合外部优势资源来进行生产的新型生产组织形式。通过组成动态联盟，利用成员企业的优势进行大规模定制生产可以很好的解决单个企业资金、技术不足的问题。 二、简答（5 × 6=30 分） 1 、描述 ERP 的发展过程及趋势。