高三概要写作讲义制作S

But too much sugar can cause health Para2 problems like obesity and tooth disease.
The American and British governments are taking measures to reduce the intake of Para3 sugar by taxing sugary products. It is based on a successful study of taxing Para4 sugary drinks carried out in Mexico.
I didn’t know the answer.
I looked in reference books.
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
My
I gave him the answer. More answers came and I grew up
Story
Her best-seller grammar book was born.
taking measures to reduceEtfhfeecitnstoafkethoef
Para3 sugar by taxing sugary prmodeuacstusr.es
Para4
It is based on a successful study of taxing
Para4 sugary drinks carried out in Mexico.
Understanding and Using English Grammar
(10 million book sales)
Summary !
Interconnection between paragraphs

.
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I went on to another grocery store, staying for
about five minutes while shopping for tomatoes,
onions and other vegetables. During that time,
the man managed to sit up and wave to passing
.
8
第二步：阅读材料，回答以下两个问题。 (1) 谁做了什么？Sam got to a boarding school and he felt homesick.
(2) 结果如何？He got sick. He was angry with his parents and felt lonely.
.
10
［例2］ (2011年广州一模) 阅读下面短文, 然后按要求写一篇150词左右 的英语短文。—内容略
［写作内容］ 1. 以约30个词概括这篇演讲稿的主要内容； 2. 然后以约120个词写一篇读后感, 说明“诚 信的重要性”。
.
11
[解题过程] 第一步, 根据[写作内容2] , 快速获取大
意。[写作内容2]说明“诚信的重要性”， 扫读原文可以发现该文章是夹叙夹议的记 叙文, 那么我们可以形成概要框架: 作者讲 述了一个故事来说明诚信的重要性。这样, 就有了方向和思路了。
.
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第二步：阅读材料, 回答以下三个问题。 (1) 谁做了什么？The writer tells a story of an overseas Chinese student. The student had been caught without a ticket in the subway three times.

并用自己的话简单地写出来。（一句话） ➢ 写下每个主要想法的关键支持点，不要涉及小细节。 ➢ 以符合逻辑的顺序组织主要和相关的支持点，实现连贯性的必要过渡。 ➢ 校对语法、拼写和标点错误等。
概要写作（小作文）
把握文体特点
记叙文
六要素：what who when where why how
概要写作（小作文）
概要写作（小ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ文）
如何获取一篇文章的要点信息
④Finally, the anxiety of dating is greatly lessened with cyber-dating. Traditionally, men take the lead in dating. They are the ones who have to ask a woman out on a date. They have to risk rejection. It’s no better for women, however. Many women still wait for a man to ask them out first. Then, if they don’t want to go out with him, they have to let the man down gently. While it’s true that sometimes with cyber-dating men still get rejected and women still reject, you experience this in the privacy of your own home. Moreover, you never have to see the person again because you have never met! It’s the perfect solution.

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———Gorky
What to read? How to read?
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Step 1
Read for the main idea and the structure
2
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Narration -----tells a story event Argumentation ---make sb believe the
• 2. Learn to keep the tone and organization of the original passage in the summary(在概要中要保 持原文的语篇结构和口吻).
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Contents
1
Read for the main idea and the structure
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• Learning objectives: • 1. Learn the steps for writing a summary, with
more attention on how to extract essential information(提取基本信息) and rewrite the extracted information(改写所提取信息).
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Para1
• When you are learning English, listening, speaking and writing are important, but reading can also be very helpful. When you read, you can not only learn some new words, but also you can learn how to use these English words. When you read, it gives you a good example for writing.

Para 3-water
Topic Sentence: Water made life develop possibly
Tips: 补充说明第二段水的作用，可以作为次要点 放在第三段结合处理。
Para 4
Topic Sentence: None points:plants in water, shellfish, fish, plants on land land animals, forest, reptiles,dinosaurs,mammals.
It is a brief, thorough and objective restatement of the main idea and key points of a longer composition.
读者在正确理解文章的基础上, 在不改变原文中心思想、 体裁和结构的前提下，用简明、精练的语句高度浓缩文章 的主要内容和观点。
not look after the earth well. the earth may be too hot to liveon , whether ...depend on
Main idea: Fianlly, Humans rule the earth but the time of their existence is uncertain.
高考作文概要写作SummaryWriting(必修三第四单元课文)
01
What is a summary?
A summary is a short statement that gives only the main points of sth, not the details 《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》
Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars

(3) 上下文的连贯性; (4) 对各要点表达的独立性情况。 5. 拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个重要方 面，评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以 考虑。 6. 如书写较差以致影响交际，可将分数降低一 个档次。
(二)各档次的给分范围和要求
档次
描述
——理解准确,涵盖全部要点。 第五档 ——能准确使用相应的语法结构和词汇。 (21-25) ——有效地使用了语句间的连接成分,使所完
四、熟知评分原则，明确写作方向 (一)评分原则 1. 本题总分为25分, 按5个档次给分。 2. 评分时, 先根据所写概要的内容和语言初步确
定其所属档次, 然后以该档次的要求来衡量、 确定或调整档次, 最后给分。 3. 词数少于40的和多于80的, 从总分中减去2分。 4. 评分时, 应主要从以下四个方面考虑: (1) 对原文要点的理解和呈现情况; (2) 应用语法结构和词汇的准确性;
三、常用连接词
1. 顺序 first…second…third… 首先……第二……第三……
firstly…secondly…thirdly…finally… 首先……第二……第三……最后……
to begin with…then…furthermore…finally 首先……然后……此外……最后……
成的概要结构紧凑。 ——完全使用自己的语言。
——理解准确,涵盖绝大部分要点。 第四档 ——所使用语法结构和词汇可能有些许错误, (16-20) 但完全不影响意义表达。
——比较有效地使用了语句间的连接成分,使 所完成的概要结构紧凑。 ——有个别整句抄自原文。
——理解较为准确,涵盖大部分要点。 第三档 ——所使用语法结构和词汇虽有些错误,但 (11-15) 不影响意义表达。
——应用简单的语句间连接成分,使上下文 内容连贯。 ——出现两句以上整句抄自原文现象。

eing a good neighbor old- -fashioned? In 1965, a power cut hit New York City, and thousands of people were left helpless.Suddenly everyone shared the same problem,and the largest city became a group of eight million neighbors.People with cars offered rides to those walking. Other people helped direct traffic.Trapped in elevators,people played word games and helped keep each other in good spirits. In times of trouble, people still depend on one another. As time goes on,people may once again feel that being a good neighbor is important.
要点提炼：邻居在我们的生活中非常重要。
Para.2 In the past,neighbors helped one another build houses and clear fields. They could offer timely help when someone was in trouble.Families depended on one another for friendship and entertainment. They shared happiness and sorrow from time to time,which brought a harmonious atmosphere.

Summary WritingI. 什么是Summary Writing?A summary is a shortened passage, which retains the essential information of the original. It is a fairly brief restatement – in your own words – of the contents of a passage.NOTE: You simply report back what the writer has said, without making value judgments.1) Can be understood without reference to the original;2) Is a faithful reproduction of , or contains only the ideas or information of, the original;3) Is brief without any unnecessary detail;4) Is a readable unified whole;II. Steps of Summary Writing1) Determine the type of writing and identify the topic as well as the author’s purpose;2) Divide the passage and summarize the main idea of each part;3) Highlight the key information of each part;4) Make an outline of the passage;5) Write the first draft;6) Revise the summary;How to write a summary●DefinitionBy summary, we mean a brief restatement, in your own words, of the content of a passage, an article,a chapter or a book.●Key points of a summaryA summary should be brief, complete, accurate, coherent and objectiveSteps to write a summary1.Skim the text to find out the general theme.2.Analyze the texts structure to divide it into several sections, find out the main idea of each section and write it out with your own words. (one sentence)3.Write down the key supporting points for each main idea without involving minor details.anize the main and related supporting points in a logical order with necessary transitions to achieve coherence.5.Proofread for grammatical, spelling and punctuation mistakes.能力目标：【读】能概括文章或段落的主旨大意【写】能用自己的语言概括所读材料评分标准1.本题总分为15分，其内容为10分，语言5分。

高考概要写作知识点一概要写作题型介绍【知识梳理】概要写作是综合写作任务的一种常见形式, 被广泛应用于教学和评估活动中。

概要写作的目的不仅是要重述原文的主旨要义, 还要在不改变原文意思的前提下变换词汇和句子结构, 也就是要使用自己的语言写概要。

一、概要写作的考纲说明和题型介绍1. 考纲说明根据教育部考试中心的相关说明, 概要写作中, 提供给考生一篇350以内的短文, 要求其基于该短文写出一篇60词左右的内容概要。

2. 试题选材特点提供给考生阅读的短文词数在350以内；所选材料体裁虽然没有限制, 但多以说明文、议论文为主, 偶尔也会有记叙文或夹叙夹议的阅读材料。

考试说明所给的样题是一篇科普知识类的文章, 句子结构复杂, 难度较大。

3. 熟知概要写作的评分标准（一）概要写作考查要求：（1）对原文要点的理解和呈现情况；（2）应用语法结构和词汇的准确性；（3）上下文的连贯性；（4）对各要点表达的独立性情况。

总之, 概要应具有独立性和自明性, 拥有与文章等量的主要信息, 即不阅读全文, 就能获得必要的信息；其次概要不容赘言, 故需逐字推敲；最后概要内容必须完整、一目了然。

4. 评分标准(1)评分原则①本题总分为25分,按5个档次给分。

②评分时,先根据所写概要的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次,然后以该档次的要求来衡量、确定或调整档次,最后给分。

③词数少于40的和多于80的,从总分中减去2分④评分时,应注意要从以下四个方面考虑。

◆对原文要点的理解和呈现情况;◆应用语法结构和词汇的准确性;◆上下文的连贯性;◆对各要点表达的独立性情况。

⑤拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面,评分时,应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。

⑥如书写较差以致影响交际,可将分数降低一个档次。

(2)各档次的给分范围和要求5. 概要写作特点概要写作, 即对所读过的文章简要概括, 写出文章的中心大意, 也称之为摘要。

写概要时, 要把文章的具体信息用一些具有概括功能的词和句进行表述, 而不是抄袭文章的原句, 更不能把细节性信息作为中心, 即要对文章中的单词、词组和句子进行合理转换, 对文章的具体信息进行概括, 再用适合的语言表达。

高三概要写作讲义制作S档次内容语言A5-64B4-53C3-42D2-31E1-20不同文体解题方法：记叙文1. 讲述写作方法：要素串联法记叙文主要是记叙所发生的事情和经历。

常见的形式有：故事、日记、新闻报道、游记等。

记叙文通常要交待清1.说明文：掌握举例、分类、比较等各种说明方法；在口头或书面表达中运用恰当的说明方法进行介绍或描述为了解释一个理论或一项实验等；需要找到主要信息：理论-创新之处和实际用途；实验-目的、过程、对象掌握写作特点和框架：phenomenon/problem + reason + solution (cause and effect),introduction of an object (how it is made,how it is used,how it may change,what makes it new or significant)议论文通常包括论点、论据和结论, 因此写议论文的概要主要是找出主题句(the topic sentences)、支撑句(supporting sentences)和结论句(conclusion sentences)。

其中最主要的是找准主题句。

总结：一．解题技巧1 长句压缩2 词组称王3 概括优先4 最短连词可以使用but, then, thus, yet, though，不能使用at the same time, in the first place, because of these, on the other hand等较长的连接词。

通常，使用分号就能够达成使用连接词的效果二．写作原则1 内容必须忠于原文，不能有任何个人观点2 内容须涵盖文中所有主要信息，非主要信息不能写入文中3 不能照抄原文句子，即需要用自己的话转述原文内容（核心概念除外）4 句与句之间需注意衔接三．实战演练（A）说明文With global warming and melting ice, it isn’t easy being a polar bear anymore. Some studies have predicted that polar bears could die out by the end of the century. The good news is not all researchers think the bears are absolutely disappearing. Scientists at the American Museum of Natural History(AMNH) have published a new paper indicating that things might not be as bad for polar bears as some scientists expect.To understand the reason for the researchers’ cautious optimism, we must first understand the factors that are threatening the polar bear’s existence. Polar bears consume a diet of mainly young seals. In order to hunt these seals, polar bears need to rest at the top of sea ice---the same ice that is increasingly melting for most of the year thanks to climate change. In another 50 years, experts expect that the Arctic will be too warm for sea ice to form for half of the year, leaving。

Writing 1阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

Yesterday Matt was sick.I picked up Archie from the sitter and Eloise from school and decided to run to Target for a few things.I had hoped to be in and out quickly.I found a line with just one person ahead of me and began organizing my items on the conveyor.After placing my items，I looked up to see that the person ahead of me was an elderly woman. She was paying for her items with change and wanted to purchase each separately.I was frustrated with this woman and the inconvenience she had placed on me.But then I watched the young employee with this woman.I watched him help her count her change，ever so softly taking it from her shaking hands. When she asked if she had enough to buy a reusable bag，he told her she did and went two lines over to get one for her and then repackaged her items.Never once was this employee angry.He was nothing but patient and kind.As I was watching him，I saw that Eloise was too.She was standing next to the woman，watching the employee count the change.I realized I hadn’t been inconvenienced at all.That my daughter was instead witnessing kindness and patience and being taught this valuable lesson by a complete stranger.When the woman was finished，the employee began ringing up my items and thanked me for my patience.I then thanked him for teaching us patience and kindness by his treatment of that elderly woman.When he was finished I pushed my cart through the store trying to find theience and how much it meant to manager.I wanted her to know of the employee’s kindness and patme.After tracking her down and sharing the story with her，we left Target with a cart full of consumable items，but what is more，a heart full of gratitude for such an invaluable lesson.If you are ever in the Glendale Target，give Ishmael a smile and a nod.The world could use more people like him.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【写作指导】要写好记叙文的概要，先要找到以下两个问题的答案：(1)谁做了什么？(2)结果如何？如果是夹叙夹议文，还要加上这个故事给人们的启示或教育意义。