2020-2021高考英语语法专题复习-名词

第五讲构词法高考感悟真题体验1.[2021·浙江6月卷] In 1844 they bought it for $1，200 and some land from Charles Dresser，who performed their _________ (marry)ceremony in 1842.2.[2021·全国乙卷]It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler tobecome _________(educate) about the areas—both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics，and often provides money for conservation and benefits the _________ (develop) of the local areas.3.[2020·北京卷]Because of the confidence she inspired in me，I've carved out a _________ (success) profession as a journalist.4.[2020·北京卷]Oliver says if you're _________ (luck) enough to have someone close to you who enjoys cooking，ask them if/whether you can join in when it's possible.●考点研析多维讲练●考点一名词的构词规律★★★★★1.动词变名词的后缀(1)-al表示人、物、行为、状态(特殊：去e＋-al)approve 赞成→approval 赞成survive 幸存→survival 幸存arrive 到达→arrival 到达；到达者；到来物refuse 拒绝→refusal 拒绝propose 提议→proposal 提议；建议(2)-ance/-ence表示性质、状态或行为appear 出现→appearance 出现；外貌perform 表演→performance 表演exist 存在→existence 存在prefer 较喜欢→preference 偏爱refer 参考；查阅→reference 参考；查阅depend 依靠→dependence 依赖；依靠guide 指引→guidance 引导；指导(3)-ion/-tion/-ation表示状态或行为direct 指挥；指导→direction 方向；指导expect 期待→expectation 期待；期望explain 解释→explanation 解释invite 邀请→invitation 邀请；请柬solve 解决→solution 解决compete 竞争→competition 比赛；竞争pronounce 发音→pronunciation 发音describe 描述→description 描写repeat 重复→repetition 重复(4)-s(s)ion表示行为或状态discuss 讨论→discussion 讨论admit 承认→admission 承认；准许加入decide 决定→decision 决定(5)-ing具有……(特征)的hear 听→hearing 听力；听觉listen 听→listening 听；听力begin 开始→beginning 开始部分(6)-ment表示行为、结果等achieve 达到；完成→achievement 成就develop 发展→development 发展(去e)argue 争论→argument 争论；论据(7)-ure/-ture表示行为或状态fail 失败→failure 失败press 压；挤→pressure 压力mix 混合→mixture 混合物expose 暴露→exposure 面临；暴露(8)-y表示……的动作(或过程)recover 恢复→recovery 恢复；痊愈discover 发现→discovery 发现(9)其他常见变化：choose 选择→choice 选择vary 相异→variety 多样化；品种tend 倾向→tendency 趋向；趋势grow 生长→growth 生长marry 结婚→marriage 婚姻carry 搬→carriage 客车厢；运输pack 收拾(行李)→package 包；盒post 邮寄→postage 邮资；邮费store 贮存→storage 贮存2.形容词变名词的后缀(1)-cy表示性质、状态fluent 流利→fluency 流利；流畅accurate 准确的→accuracy 准确(性) private 私有的→privacy 隐私efficient 效率高的→efficiency 效率(2)-dom表示地位、状况等free 自由的→freedom 自由wise 明智的→wisdom 智慧(3)-ness表示性质、状态dark黑的→darkness 黑暗weak 虚弱的→weakness 虚弱kind 友好的→kindness 善良cold 寒冷的→coldness 冷淡；冷漠aware 知道的；意识到的→awareness 知道；意识(4)-th表示结果、过程、性质、状态warm 温暖的→warmth 温暖true 真的→truth 真相deep 深的→depth 深(度)strong 强壮的→strength 力量long 长的→length 长度wide 宽的→width 宽度(5)-y/-ity表示性质或状态difficult 困难的→difficulty 困难honest 诚实的→honesty 诚实safe 安全的→safety 安全cruel 残忍的→cruelty 残忍responsible 负责的→responsibility 责任(6)-ent变为-ence，-ant变为-ance，-nd变为-nsedifferent 不同的→difference 不同(之处)silent 沉默的；不说话的→silence 寂静respond 回应→response 响应patient有耐心的→patience 耐心absent缺席的→absence 缺席present 出席的→presence 出席confident 自信的→confidence 信心convenient方便的→convenience 便利important重要的→importance 重要(性)defend防御；保卫→defense/defence 防御；保护◎即学即练(单句语法填空)1.[2022·山东省泰安市模拟] In the eyes of the Yi people，fire is the symbol of light，whichis believed to have the ability to drive away insects and pests and protect the _________ (grow) of crops.2.[2022·南昌二中、河南省实验中学联考] This _________ (achieve) marks that China hasreached the first great breakthrough on the path to full-scale quantum computing—a quantum computational advantage，also known as “quantum supremacy”．3.[2022·银川市考前适应性训练]“The new robotic arms cost no more than 1，000 yuan，”said Chen Xiaoping，_________ (direct) of the Robotics Laboratory at USTC，adding that this gives them an advantage for much wider application.4.[2022·湖南长郡中学二模] Chinese people are proud of their food. However，whenforeigners like Britons think of Chinese food，their _________ (impress) of it is different to what you might think.考点二形容词和副词的词形转换★★★★★1.形容词的构词规律提示如何区分-ed形容词与-ing形容词解决此类问题有两个切入点：第一，看语境表示的是“令人……”(-ing)，还是“感到……”(-ed)；第二，看语境说明的是性质特征(-ing)，还是感受(-ed)。

高考英语语法词汇专项突破：诠释考点分布解读名词用法[名词考题呈现]【考题1】（2021全国乙卷）It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become educated about the areas - both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the (develop) of the local areas.答案与解析：development。

考查名词。

依据空格前的定冠词the可知，此处填入名词development，表示“进展”，作动词benefits的宾语。

故填development。

句意：这不同于传统的旅游，由于它能让旅行者了解这个地区——无论是地理环境还是文化特色，并且经常为环境爱护供应资金，并有利于当地的进展。

【考题2】（2021新高考I卷）The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we (human) are.答案与解析：humans。

考查名词复数。

human是we的同位语，we为复数，应用human的复数形式。

一般man的复数用men，但是有例外，如: humans, Normans, Romans, Germans。

故填humans。

句意：当你站在黄山山顶观察波涛汹涌般的云海，你会想到我们人类是多么的渺小。

（2021浙江1月卷）It is calculated by dividing a 163 (person) weight in kg by their height 【考题3】in meters squared. and a BMI of between 19 and 25 is considered (consider) healthy.答案与解析：person’s。

2020-2021年英语语法名词归纳总结一、单项选择名词1．The past 40 years have witnessed different means of ____from bicycle kingdom to auto market.A．transport B．challenge C．expression D．communication 【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查名词辨析。

句意：过去的四十年见证了从自行车王国到电动汽车市场的不同形式的交通工具。

A. transport 交通工具；B. challenge挑战；C. expression表达，表情；D. communication交流。

由于自行车和电动汽车都属于交通工具，所以这句话描写的是不同的交通工具。

故选A。

2．Only when women are enabled to become strong will our families, our economies, and our societies reach their fullest .A．distinction B．innovationC．potential D．appreciation【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查名词。

A. distinction区别； B. innovation创新； C. potential潜能； D. appreciation 欣赏。

句意：只有当妇女能够变得强大时，我们的家庭、经济和社会才能充分发挥其潜力。

结合句意可知答案为C。

3．We have found that a boy matching your entered the amusement park just now. A．instruction B．explanationC．description D．application【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。

句意：我们发现一个符合你的描述的男孩刚才进入了游乐园。

高考英语语法专题复习：虚拟语气、名词性从句、倒装及省略Ⅰ. 虚拟语气1. If he________________(接受我的意见), he would have succeeded in the competition. (advice)2. Were __________________ (要不是花销), I would go to Britain for my future study. (expense)3. If you had listened to the doctors ，you ____________________ (就不会住院了)now. (hospital)4. She seemed very upset at the news. Oh, I wish ____________________ (我没有告诉她) it. (tell)5. His suggestion______________________________ (我们去上海度假) is wonderful. (holiday)6. I didn’t see your sister at the meeting. If _______________ (她来了), she would have met my brother. (come)7. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if ________________ (断了). (broke)8. Lots of things got stolen. __________________ (你不应该离开教室不锁) the door last night. (without)9. If you were to spend as many hours studying English, you __________________ (会取得更大的进步). (progress)10. We all demanded the new type of machine referred to _______________________ (投入) as soon as possible. (use)11. He reacted so angrily to the news. I would rather___________________(我没有告诉他真相). (tell)12. It’s high time that_________________________________(我们采取措施制止爱滋病的传播). (measure)13. It has been proposed that health care_________________________________________ (提供应) low-incomes family. (provide)14. If____________________ (要不是因为), we couldn’t have done our job so successfully. (for)15. Many coal mine accidents_________________(本来可以防止的〕if we had followed the strict safety rules. (avoid)16. The customer insisted that ______________(他是对的〕and that the manager _____________________〔经理要向他抱歉〕. (apologize)17. Had it not been for your laziness, you __________________ (可能已经完成) your homework. (finish)18. She suggested to the police in the police station that Mr. Smith _____________________ (偷了那条项链). (steal)19. My suggestion was that the meeting _______________ (推迟) till next week and it surprised everyone. (put)20. _________________ (如果明天下雨), we would have to put off the visit to the history museum. (rain)21. Even before the judge, the young man insisted that he ___________________ (没有拿) the ring. (take)22. Were it not for the fact that her family is on the position of governor, she _________________ (不会得到) a good job in this company. (get)23. Without their help, the police _______________________ (不可能成功地) in catching the robber in such a short time. (succeed)24. The plants in our garden ____________________________ (本可以长得更好) if it had not rained so much last year. (grow)25. The driver might have had an accident but he ____________________ (突然刹了车). (brake)26. Sometimes I wish I _________________ (生活在) a different time and a different place. (live)27. The manager required that the work ______________________________ (按时完成). (finish)28. They urged that the swimming pool _________________________ (在暑假期间开放). (keep)29. We will set out next Monday. It is important that you ________________ (把一切准备好) on Sunday. (ready)30. It is high time the results of the scientists’ research ___________________ (被宣布). (declare)31. At the end of each term, the professor would require that every student ______________ (上交) their paper. (hand)32. If I __________________ (和他谈) earlier, he would not have made such a serious mistake. (talk)33. John ___________________________________ (本来可以给他的女儿买一条新牛仔裤的), but there wasn’t her size in the shop. (could)34. If ____________________ (要是我更加细心) at that time, I might not be in trouble now. (careful)35. They demanded that the books ____________________(还到图书馆) immediately. (return)36. If the bus _____________________ (没有抛锚) halfway, we could have caught the plane to New York. (break)37. Monet said that ________________________ (如果他没有成为一名) painter he would have been a botanist. (be)38. She didn’t come to the party last Sunday. _________________________ (如果她来了的话), she must have made the party more exciting. (come)39. Why is she looking at me _______________ (仿佛认识我)？I’ve never seen her before in my life. (know)40. You ___________________ (本不该做) that; I had warned you of that several times. (should)41. But for your generous help, I ____________________________ (不可能完成) this task so early. (finish)42. Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I ______________ (采纳) your suggestions. (follow)43. _______________________ (要不是你的懒惰), you could have finished the houseworkgiven by your mom. (for)44. I am tired of doing homework! If only we students ______________________(没有这么多作业)! (have)45. I was still ill that day. Otherwise, I _________________________ (会参加) the sport meeting. (part).46. ____________________________ (要不是这场雨), the crops would die. (for)47. It is the high time _______________________ (我们采取措施) to protect the environment form being polluted.48. We all agreed to his suggestion _________________________ (我们应该去云南) for sight-seeing. (go)Ⅱ. 名词性从句1. Parents are taught to understand ___________(教育多么重要) to their children’s future. (important)2. A modern city has been set up in _____________(是一片荒原) ten years ago. (wasteland)3. Mary wrote an article on ___________(关于他们为什么没有)win the game. (fail)4. The poor young man is ready to accept ______________ (无论什么帮助) he can get. (help)5.________________(他提及的) in his article was unknown to the general reader. (refer)6.It is none of your b usiness ___________(别人怎样评价你). (think)7.Choosing the right dictionary depends on ________________(你用它来做什么). (use )8.There is no possibility _________________(他能赢得第一名). (win)9.Little Tommy was reluctant to tell the headmaster ___________(他所做过的). (do)10.Perseverance is __________________(需要)to do anything well. (take)11. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿〔司机不能) control the car at that time was obvious. (unable) 12．One advantage of solar energy is_________(它不会消耗完) (run)13. It is still unknown_____________(不清楚我们会在哪里) have the sprin g outing.(unknow)14. We felt puzzled at the fact__________________ (他怎么如此)well informed. (so)15. How I wish I ___________________ (没吃那么多〕 junk food in my teens. (eat)16. I’d rather you _______________ 〔集中精力〕your study now. (concentrate)17. No one can be sure _______________(人看起来是什么样子) in a million years.(look) Ⅲ. 倒装和省略1. I’ve tried very hard to improve my Englis h. But by no means _______________________(老师满意) my progress. (satisfy)2. Not ___________________(他们不仅带了) delicious food, but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest. (bring)3. Maybe you have been to many countries, but __________________(没有别的地方你可以找到) such a beautiful palace. (nowhere)4. ________________(虽然他尽力了), Carolina couldn’t get the door open. (as)5. So _________________________(这对夫妇对野生植物如此好奇)that they decided to make a trip to Madagascar for further research. (curious)6. ___________________________(虽然他是个安静的学生), he talks a lot about hisfavorite singers after class. (quiet, as)7. Never before ________________________(这个城市对…有更大的需求) of modern public transport than it is today. (need)8. Mary never does any reading in the evening, ________________(John也不读). (nor)9. Not until Jane got off the bus __________________________(她发现她的钱包不见了). (missing)10. __________________(一旦破了), the glass can not hold water. (once)11. I failed again in the examination and only then ______________________(我意识到了我浪费了多少时间). (how)12. Only under special circumstances _________________________(新生被允许) take those tests. (permit)13. I wonder why you won’t ___________________________(按照被告之那样去做事) and it’s the third time you have done so. (as)14. Only by shouting at the top of his voice ______________________(他才能使自己被听见). (able, himself)参考答案Ⅰ. 虚拟语气had taken my adviceit not for the expensewouldn’t be in hospitalhadn’t told herthat we (should) go to Shanghai for the holidayshe ha d comeit were brokenYou shouldn’t have left the classroom without lockingwould make greater progress(should) be put into useI hadn’t to ld him the fact.we took measures to stop AIDS from spreading(should) be provided forit had not been for your helpcould have been avoidhe was right, should apologize to himcould have finishedhad stolen the necklace(should) be put offShould it rain tomorrow / If it should rain tomorrow / Were it to rain tomorrow had not takenwouldn’t have getcouldn’t have succeedwould / could / might have grown betterbraked the car suddenlywere living in(should) be finished on time(should) be kept open during the vacation(should) get everything ready(should) be declared(should) hand inhad talked with himcould have bought his daughter a pair of new jeans / could have bought a pair of new jeans for his daughterI had been more careful(should) be returned to the libraryhad not broken downif he had not been aHad she come / If she had comeas if / as though she knew meshouldn’t have donecould / would not have finishedhad followedHad it not been for your laziness / If it had not been for your laziness didn’t have so much homeworkwould have taken part inIf it were not for the rain Were it not for the rainthat we should took measuresthat we (should) go to YunnanⅡ. 名词性从句1. how important education is2.what was a wasteland3.why they failed to4. whatever help5.What he referred to6.how others think about you7. what you use it for8.that he can win the first prize9.what he had done10.what it takes11. That the driver was unable to12. that it won’t run out13. unknown where we will14. how he was so15. hadn’t eaten so much16. concentrated on17. what man will look likeⅢ. 倒装和省略1. is the teacher satisfied with2. only did they bring3. nowhere else can you find4. Try as he might5. curious were the couple about wild plant s6. Quiet student as he is7. has this city been in greater need8. nor does John9. did she find her wallet missing10. Once (it is) broken11. did I realize how much time I (had) wasted12. are freshmen permitted to13. do it/ the thing as (you’re) told to14. was he able to make himself heard。

7
1．人或动物的所有格常用's形式表达，如果该名词 本身是复数，且以s结尾，则只需在词尾标注'。 2. 无生命的名词(通常是物体或植物)的所有格常用of 结构表达。 3. 少数第二类名词用第一种形式表达所有格。这些 名词主要是时间，天体，国家等。
8 名词在句子中充当什么成分？
指出画线部分充当的句子成分
4
（十）
Chinese aircraft means sheep
people fish
——Ch—in—ese—; — ——air—cra—ft—; —
means; ——————
sheep （十一）——————
—pe—op—le/—pe—op—les —fis—h/f—ish—es——
4
（十二）
fatherinlaw editorinchief touchmenot
3. Facts speak louder than words. 事实胜于雄辩。 【答案】 Facts；words
1
4. It takes two to make a quarrel. 一个巴掌拍不响。
【答案】 quarrel
1
表示人或事物(事件/行为)名称的词是名词。
2 名词有哪些类别？
观察各组单词的特点，指出其类别
12. 含有主体名词的复合名词变复数，在主体名 词上变化，如fathersinlaw; 无主体名词的复合名词
4
变复数，在词尾上变化，如touchmenots。其他情况 一般加s。
5 不可数名词有复数形式吗？
指出画线部分单词的含义 1. Healthy diet should include vegetables.
7 名词所有格怎么表达？

Iraq front the next day.（改错） 5. The railway station is two hours drive from our school. （改错） 6. My name is Mireya Mayor. I'm a ______(science)who studies
考纲要求：
对名词的考查考纲要求注意同义词、近义词的辨析； 名词固定用法；从近几年高考英语语法与名词词汇所考 试题来看，高考命题中语法与词汇呈现出以下特点：淡 化语法，注重交际语境化与生活化，不再单独地去考察 某一个语法或是词汇点，而是把考点放到一个生活化的 语言环境中，突出语用能力。
CONTENTS：
（1）可数名词的复数形式
a）规则变化 ①．一般情况加s e.g.: computers, students ②．以s, x, sh, ch等结尾的名词加es (-th后加s) e.g.: bosses, boxes, bushes, matches， tips: stomachs ③．辅音字母+y结尾的名词，变y为i再加es; “元音字母+y”结尾的名词，词尾+s e.g.: countries, centuries; toy—toys, boys, days ④．以f/fe结尾的名词，变f/fe为ves e.g.: knives, halves, leaves, wives, thieves, lives, selves, wolves, halves…（小偷（thief） 之妻（wife）生活（life）难，自己（self）扫叶（leaf）来做饭。忽见一狼（wolf）躲架 （shelf）后，取刀（knife）把它劈两半（half）.）
（三）不可数名词（ Uncountable Nouns ）

[规则感悟] 1.可数名词变复数 ①以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i加-es；以元音字母加y结尾的名词， 加-s。②以-th结尾的名词加-s。③以-s，-x，-ch，-sh结尾的名词后加-es (如果词尾-ch发音为/k/，要加-s，如stomach)。④以-o结尾加-es 的单词 有：英雄(heroes)吃土豆(potatoes)番茄(tomatoes)，其他多直接加-s。 ⑤以-f或-fe结尾的词，多变f或fe为v，再加-es。但也有直接加-s的单词， 如：屋顶(roof)上的首领(chief)有信仰(belief)。⑥大部分可数名词直接加-s。
4.Timmis and his team set out to seek the effects of phone use on _p_a_s_s_e_rs_-_b_y_(passer-by). 5.We usually expect Hollywood __h_e_ro_e_s_(hero) to show up on our screens and defeat the bad guys. 6.He goes to the _b_a_r_b_e_r_’s_(barber) to have his hair cut every month.
2.名词的所有格 ⑦有生命名词，不以-s结尾的名词加-’s；以-s结尾的单数名词和复数名词 都加-’。⑧无生命名词，通常用of所有格表示。⑨双重所有格的构成形式 为“名词＋of＋名词所有格”或者“名词＋of＋名词性物主代词”。
1.不规则变化的名词复数 (1)通过内部元音变化构成复数。如： foot—feet脚 goose—geese鹅 tooth—teeth牙齿 mouse—mice老鼠 man—men男人 woman—women女人

语法复习专题一——名词一、考点聚焦1.可数名词单、复数变化形式（1）规则变化。

①单数名词词尾直接加-s。

如：boy — boys, pen — pens。

①以s、x 、ch 、sh结尾的单词一般加-es。

如：glass — glasses,box— boxes, watch — watches, brush — brushes。

特例：stomach — stomaches。

①以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的变“y”为“i”再加“-es”。

如：baby — babies, lady — ladies, fly — flies。

①以“o”结尾的多数加-es。

如：tomato — tomatoes, potato — potatoes, hero — heroes。

但以两个元音字母结尾的名词和部分外来词中以o结尾的词只加-s。

如：radio — radios, zoo — zoos, photo — photos, piano — pianos, kilo — kilos, tobacco — tobaccos。

①以“f”或“fe”结尾的名词复数形式变“f”或“fe”为“v”，之后再加-es。

如：wife — wives, life — lives, knife — knives, wolf— wolves, self — selves, leaf — leaves 等。

特例：handkerchief— handkerchiefs, roof — roofs, chief — chiefs, gulf — gulfs, belief — beliefs, cliff — cliffs。

①改变元音字母的。

如：man — men, mouse — mice, foot — feet,woman — women, tooth — teeth, goose — geese, ox — oxen。

特例：child — children。

专题01 名词冠词一真题感悟1.（2021高考全国甲卷)It allows the traveler to become educated about the areas--both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provide money for conservation and benefits the ____(develop) of the local areas.【答案】development【解析】考查词性转换。

动词变为名词。

前面是the，后面是介词of，中间应当使用名词形式。

2.（2021高考全国乙卷）_____(activity) there range from whale watching to hiking and accommodations aim ______(have) a low impact on the natural environment.【答案】Activities【解析】考查名词单复数。

根据下文range from whale watching to hiking...可知活动不止一个，需用复数形式。

3.（2020高考全国卷I）The far side of the moon is of particular______( interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters(环形山)，more so than the familiar near side.【答案】interest【解析】考查词性转换中的名词。

be of+抽象名词，且设空前为形容词particular故此处需要名词interest。

4. (2020高考全国卷II) Chinese New Year is a______(celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring.【答案】celebration【解析】考查词性转换中的名词。

-13-
高考雷达 考点归纳
3.双重所有格 所谓双重所有格就是指将-’s所有格与of所有格结合起来一起 使用。 a friend of my father’s 我父亲的一位朋友 a photo of Mr Smith’s 史密斯先生的一张照片
-14-
高考雷达 考点归纳
考点三 常见名词后缀 1.动词变名词的后缀
teach→teacher 老师
-er/-or/-ar
announce→announcer 播音员 conduct→conductor 指挥;售票员
beg→beggar 乞丐
-15-
高考雷达 考点归纳
后缀 -ment
-ance/-ence -ing
例词
achieve→achievement 功绩;成就 argue→argument 辩论;论据 punish→punishment 惩罚 equip→equipment 装备;设备 perform→performance 表演;节目 appear→appearance 出现;外貌 exist→existence 存在;生存 prefer→preference 偏爱 hear→hearing 听力;听觉 begin→beginning 开始
-16-
高考雷达 考点归纳
后缀 -ure/-ture -y 其他
例词
press→pressure 压力 fail→failure 失败;没做到 mix→mixture 混合;混合物 depart→departure 离开;出发 recover→recovery 恢复;痊愈 discover→discovery 发现 choose→choice 选择 vary→variety 多样化;种类 tend→tendency 趋向;趋势

专题语法填空之名词专练100题--2023新高考英语语法填空分类强化100题三年真题+最新模拟原卷版2023届新高考英语语法填空分类强化100题（思维导图+三年真题+最新模拟）专题01 语法填空之名词专练100题（原卷板）一、【名词思维导图】二、【名词三年真题】1.（2022新高考I卷）The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate _____________ (population) and homes of giant pandas, and eventually achieve a desired level of population in the wild.2.（2022新高考II卷）He saved my _____________ (son) life," said Mrs. Brown. "I don't know how to thank h im.”3.（2022全国甲卷）Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental _____________ (protect).4.（2022全国乙卷）“As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the largest tea-producing country, China has a_____________ (responsible)to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry.5.（2022浙江1月卷）Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak if she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of the time, they agreed. When the answer was no, she declined the_____________ (invite).6.（2021新高考1卷）The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we _____________ (human) are.7.（2021新高考II卷）A company _____________ (represent) wrote back and told me the airline was switching over from plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights.8.（2021全国甲卷）Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and_____________ (watchtower) to take pictures...9.（2021全国乙卷）_____________ (activity) there range from whale watching to hiking （远足）and accommodations aim to have a low impact on the natural environment.10.（2021全国乙卷）It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become educated about the areas—both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the _____________ (develop) of the local areas.11.（2022浙江1月卷）It is calculated by dividing a _____________ (person) weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 is considered healthy.12.（2021浙江6月卷）In 1844 they bought it for＄ 1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their _____________ (marry) ceremony in 1842.13.（2021北京卷）Why do we dream? Scientists aren't completely sure, and they have diverse _____________ (idea). Dreams might be a side effect of memory making.14.（2020全国I卷）The far side of the moon is of particular_____________ ( interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters(环形山)，more so than the familiar near side.15. (2020全国II卷) Chinese New Year is a_____________ (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring.16. (2020全国III卷) Filled with_____________ (curious), the artist packed his bags and left.17.（2020新高考卷）At the Jorvik Centre in York, the city’s Viking settlement is recreated, and people experience the sights, sounds and smells of the old town. Historical _____________ (accurate) is important but so is entertainment.18.（2020浙江6月卷）Later, they learned to work with the _____________ (season), planting at the right time and，in dry areas, making (make)use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉)their fields.19.（2020天津卷）The health security systems of many countries are undergoing considerable _____________ (transform).20.（2020北京卷）Now, lots of _____________ (country) and regions are taking action to ban the sale of such bags to stop people using them.三、【名词最新模拟】21. I love doing housework. I always assist my parents in doing the____________(dish) after meals.22.When they were free from work，they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting _______________(compete)to watch，together with the story behind it.23. A mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all _____________(cause).24. I’m a _____________ (science) who studies animals such as apes and monkeys.25. This switch has decreased _____________ (pollute) in the country’s major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.26. We would much appreciate ________ (guide) from an expert in this field.27. Continuous ________(expose) to sound above 80 decibels could be harmful.28. Tom was doing his homework and the boys who were playing outside his house added _______ (anxious) to him .29. We all have an _____________ (expect) that he can pass the driving test next week.30. We had no _____________ (hesitate) in helping the sufferers when the terrible earthquake hit the country.31. The ________ (arrive) of the plane has been delayed due to the fog.32. In many ways my___________ (disable) has helped me grow stronger psychologically and become more independent.33. Compared to the advantages of the Internet, those of the television alone will not be enough to ensure its _____________(survive), and many people think the latter will be replaced.34. You'd better take into account your own ________ (strong) and weaknesses before choosing a major.35. The little boy was curious about everything around him, and his parents always satisfied his ________ (curious).36. I like discovering the________(different) between different cultures.37. The headmaster didn’t seem to be aware that there should have been so much _____________ (disagree) about the decision.38. Sorry, I can't read the _____________ (express) on her face.39. She decided to make a big emotional ________ (commit) to the organization.40. The villagers here all respect him for his ____________ (devote)to the health care.41. They were not in the least worried about the ______ (possible) that sweets could rot the teeth.42. The girl kept working hard and gained ________ (admit) to the world-famous university.43. Anyhow they didn’t trust me, so they didn’t deserve a(n) ______________ (explain).44. I explained that each person has different ideas of what ___________(free) is.45. The village where he was born has changed beyond)__________(recognize).46. Next I broke the eggs into a bowl and beat them quickly with______________(chopstick).47. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible ________(crowd) on the roads…48. She has turned down several __________ (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies.49. The nursery team switches him every few _______ (day) with his sister…50. Recent ________(study) show that we are far more productive…51. I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River which are pictured by artists in so many Chinese __________ (painting).52. While there are amazing stories of instant transformation, for most of us the __________ (change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work.53. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut have reported increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a ________ (believe) that populations are increasing.54. This switch has decreased _________(pollute) in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.55. When they were free from work, they invited us to local events and letus know of an interesting _____________ (compete) to watch, together with the story behind it.56. This development was only possible with the _____________(introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts.57. She is determined to carry on with her ___________ (educate).58. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top ___________ (attract).59. In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ____________(able) to “air condition” a house without using electric equipment.60. You may be out of your ____________ (parent) sight but never out of their mind wherever you are.61.（2021•永春县第三次联考）On Weibo, the breaking news has been sent by at least tens of thousands of users and received countless ________ (thumb-up).62. (2021四川泸州二诊) Some Chinese _______ (brand) are also becoming more popular.63. (2021内蒙古呼和浩特市二模) “I ha d my grandfather's appearance tattooed on my arm because I want all my new ________(friend) to know what he looks like in the future,” she said.64. (2021甘肃泾川模拟测试) In the United States, professors have many other ________ (duty) besides teaching, such as administrative or research work. 65. (2021辽宁辽阳期末) A cashier who has a changing sea of ___________ (customer) every day will only remember names for a short amount of time. 66. (2021河南六市一模) In the South-West you will find plenty of attractive and often deserted __________ (beach).67.（2021•漳州一中模拟）By the time of his death he was the best-selling Chinese author, and over 100 million ________ (copy) of his works have been sold worldwide.68. (2021吉林长春调研) From its thousands of rooms to its many beautiful artifacts (工艺品), it is one of China's most popular tourist _____________ (destination).69. (2021辽宁抚顺一模) The team concluded that higher body mass index (体重指数) can cause depression in itself, even in the absence of other health___________ (problem).70.（2021•成都三诊）It seems that people in western countries are becoming increasingly worried about the side effects of drugs, and are turning to various _____________ (treatment) such as yoga, reflexology and acupuncture (针灸) to complement, or sometimes even replace, western medicine.71. (2021安徽芜湖期末) Second, there exist idiomatic _________ (method) of saying something specific in Chinese but it is extremely hard for us to put it into English properly.72. (2021福建三明期末) Beijing’s autumn is extremely short, so parks around the city fill up fast with people coming to see the season's sight——a show of changing ________ (color) as the trees turn from dark green to deep red.73. (2021湖南永州二模) They are good runners and can run for several hours in cold weather conditions, so they can sometimes escape from ________ (wolf), their main predators (捕食者), easily.74. (2021内蒙古赤峰期末) He used _______ (shade) of white, grey, and brown for the boat, making it look almost like a ghost ship.75. (2021山东威海二模) Afterwards, the group will take training ________ (class) with professional football coaches from Spain.76. (2021安徽合肥一模) And one of his songs, Let the World Be Filled with Love, has enjoyed great popularity all over the country for ________ (decade).77. (2021湖南怀化三模) Tea is the national drink in China, but the___________ (produce) and consumption of tea is distinctive in different regions.78. (2021安徽淮北一模) As it turns out, the store's design has more____________(significant) than just a fun feel.79.（2021•成都三诊）I made an ______(appoint) with the acupuncturist in my area and turned up at his room the following morning.80.（2021•台州市4月调考）It is generally agreed that new contents should be added to a good dictionary at regular________(internal).81.（2021•河西区期末模拟）Experts have pointed out that the_______(absent) of severe punishment plays a major role in the growing food safety problem.82.（2021•河西区期末模拟）Teachers have to constantly update their knowledge in order to maintain their professional _________(competent).83.（2021•河西区期中模拟）Usually the Player of the Year title is given to a big name from the best team. But this time there is a(n) ______ (except).84.（2021•南开区期中模拟）The couple got into a(n)________(argue) about where to celebrate New Year’s Eve: at home or in a restaurant.85.（2021•南开中学一模）Most people like the__________(convenient) of using Alipay and WeChatPay to buy things.86.（2021•天津滨海七校联考）The____________(assess) of students should cover more aspect, such as activity involvement and teamwork contributions and so on.87.（2021•珠海市二模）Discoveries made at the site can date back to the 12th and 11h centuries BC, and many of the ________ (item) are now on display at an on-site museum.88.（2022•兰州一模）We convey either by words or by actions that failure something to be ashamed of and that nothing but performance meets withour________(approve).89.（2022•南阳一模）There is an old Chinese custom making chopsticks part of a girl’s dowry (嫁妆) since the ________ (pronounce) of kuaizi is similar to the words for “quick” and “son”.90.（2022•漳州二模）Before the ________ (prohibit) of mining started, a series of activities had damaged its ecosystem. However, Wang was optimistic that the damage could be repaired.90. prohibition91.（2022•福州一模）Tai Chi provides the mental ________ (relax) and physical fitness.92.（2022•广州一模）His cartoon-books which are full of__________(imagine) are very popular with the young.93.（2022•长沙一模）Had he anything to say in ___________(explain) of his behaviour?94.（2022•郑州一模）Here I sincerely express my _________ (appreciate) if you could help find the lost suitcase.95.（2022•沈阳一模）It may take a long time to find a _________ (solve) to the problem.96.（2022•济南二模）My ________(prefer) for science became evident only in the last year of my middle school.97.（2022•青岛一模）What is driving this ________ (grow) in veganism? It is because people want to protect the environment.98.（2022•南京二模）A painting with a ____________ (long) of 1014.37 meters has received a Guinness World Record title for the longest drawing by an individual artist.99.（2022•贵阳一模）The beauty of the Forbidden City is beyond the________(describe) .100.（2022•太原一模）Cars without ________ (secure) devices are an easy target for those car thieves.部部分参考答案2023届新高考英语语法填空分类强化100题（思维导图+三年真题+最新模拟）专题01语法填空之名词专练100题（解析板）1. populations【解析】考查名词复数用法。

三年（2020-2022）年高考真题分项汇编专题01 冠词、名词2022年高考真题1.（2022新高考I卷）Covering an area about three times __________ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.答案：the解析：考查冠词。

句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批国家公园之一。

本句的结构为：倍数+ the size of +比较成份。

故填the。

2．（2022全国甲卷）____________ friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip.答案：A解析：考查冠词。

句意：他的一位朋友吴凡在旅行中自愿成为他的同伴。

根据句意可知，此处泛指“他的一个朋友”，应用不定冠词，friend以辅音音素开头，应用a，空处位于句首，首字母大写。

故填A。

3.（2022全国乙卷）To celebrate ___________ festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday.答案：the解析：考查非谓语动词。

句意：为了庆祝这一节日，周四在北京的中国商人博物馆举行了一系列活动。

特指International Tea Day这一节日，所以用定冠词the。

故填the。

4.（2022年浙江1月真题）Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak if she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of ___________ time, they agreed. 答案：the解析：考查冠词。

定语从句中作状语时，也要用关系副词where引导。
①We will put off the picnic in the park until next week， when the weather may be better.
我们将把在公园的野餐推迟到下周，届时天气可能会更好。 ②Students should involve themselves in community activities where
答案与解析：where 考查定语从句。 分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从 句，先行词为campaign，空格处在从句中作地点状语。故填where。
4.[2020·江苏卷]Many lessons are now available online， from students can choose for free.
1.关系代词的基本用法
关系代词 who whom which that whose as
先行词 人 人 物
人或物 人或物 人或物
在从句中的作用 主语、宾语 宾语 主语、宾语
主语、宾语、表语 定语
主语、宾语、表语
①[2020·天津卷]Dr. Rowan， whose secretary resigned two weeks ago， has had to do all his own typing.罗文博士的秘书两周前辞职了，他现在 只能自己打字。
3.[2020·天津卷]
is described in Paragraph 4， taking a small kid to
a half－hour Story Time allows the parent to enjoy quiet reading.
1．答案与解析：which 考查定语从句。句意：由于降雨量的大量增加，河流 充满了水，这就产生了美味的鱼和虾。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词指代

[自主归纳]
考向 1 名词单复数 2 词性转换 3 名词的所有格
_____1______ ___2_,_3_,5_____ ____4_______
名词-形容词、动词、名词
[考点提炼]
1.名词复数
（1）普通名词在词尾-s 例如：river→rivers
（2）词尾是-s，-x，-ch，-sh时，一般加-es； 例如：bus→buses watch→watches
person--personal science--scientific harm--harmful adventure--adventurous desire--desirable convenience--convenient friend--friendly
[解题规则]
1.首先要分析该空的句子成分, 再确定词性和词形,如果作表语/定语/宾
method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side effe62cts
roof proof chief →直接加s um--a : medium bacterium on--a ：criterion phenomenon o后加es: hero tomato potato 其他以o结尾加s 某国人：--s German Indian American Canadian
percent of total 67 global (globe) fertili析句子成分后若发现词性不需要改变，则一般考查所给名词的 复数形式，当确定所填词是可数名词时，需要考虑其单复数问题 。除了根据上下文语境之外，还可以通过以下信息判断：
(1)有 these，those，several，many，all，both 等词修饰时,用复数形式

Part 2 基础练
五、名词所有格：
1.含义：表示名词的所属关系，通常翻译成“...的...”。 2.名词所有格的形式： （1）名词末尾加______’s______或______’______，多表示人或其他有生命的名词。 汤姆的玩具________T_o_m__’s__to_y__s_______ （2）介词______o_f_____加名词，多用来表示无生命的事物。 文章的标题____th_e__ti_t_le__o_f_t_h_e_p_a_s_s_a_g_e__ 山顶_t_h_e__to_p__o_f_t_h_e_m__o_u_n_t_a_i_n___ （3）“__a_/_tw__o_/s_o_m__e_._.._＋__名___词__＋__o_f_＋__名__词__'_s/_名__词__性___物__主__代__词__”构成双重所有格，“of ＋名词所有格”中的名词必须表示___人____，不能表示事物。
meat 肉
Part 2 基础练
（2）表抽象概念的不可数名词：
work 工作
knowledge 知识
scenery 风景
luck 运气
traffic 交通
Part 2 基础练
（3）永远不可数的重点名词：
advice 建议
equipment 设备
progress 进步
furniture 家具
news/word 消息
radio-____ra_d_i_o_s____ photo-____p_h_o_t_o_s___ [注意]有些以-o结尾的名词需要在词尾加_____-_e_s_____。
[口诀]黑人英雄爱 吃土豆和西红柿
Negro
hero
tomato

高考英语复习语法专题精讲精练名词和主谓一致（含练习习题及解析）（一）分类（二）转换个体名词与抽象名词的相互转换物质名词与个体名词的相互转换可数名词有单数和复数的变化，而单复数的变化又分为规则变化和不规则变化两种。

名词考点聚焦名词是英语的主要词汇之一，也是历年高考的重要考点。

综合近几年高考对名词的考查，单项填空题中，每年都出现1—2道题。

此外，在阅读理解和完形填空中，名词的一词多义、熟词新意也经常涉及。

因此，在备考中一定要结合具体的语境去感悟、理解名词的辨析、名词的一词多义以及名词的习惯用法等。

①We always keep ______ spare paper, in case we ran out.A. too muchB. a number ofC. plenty ofD. a good many【解析】 答案为C 。

“paper”作为“纸”解释时为不可数名词，所以先排除B 和D 两个选项。

根据题意“我们总是准备充足的备用纸张，以防用光。

”选择答案C 。

too much 意为“太多”尽管修饰不可数名词，但用在这儿不符合题意。

②The young dancers looked so charming in their beautiful clothes that we took ___ pictures of them.A. many ofB. masses ofC. the number ofD. a large amount of【解析】答案为B。

【解析】答案为masses of 意为“大量的”既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词；the number of…意为“……的数量”；a large amount of意为“大量的”后接不可数名词；“many of”后接前面带有定冠词的名词，意为“……中的许多”。

一是考查语义方面的辨析：主要考查某些多义词在特定上下文中的引申含义,以及准确辨别一些同义、近义词在特定语境中的差异的能力。