2015-2016学年第二学期白云广雅九年级一模

广州广雅中学英语中考一模真题卷以及答案2015年广州广雅中学初三一模二、语言知识及运用（共两节，满分20 分）第一节单项选择（共10 小题；每小题1 分，满分10 分）16. The government thought of useful way to help poor.A. an; aB. a; theC. /; theD. the; /17. The bridge last month. Now it’s very convenient for the people nearby.A. buildB. builtC. was buildingD. was built18. Can you tell me ?A. when did he come homeB. where he would play footballC. if he lives hereD. why didn’t he watch the game19. The firemen the fire at last.A. put onB. put awayC. put upD. put out20. -- Must I finish all the work now?-- No, you . You can have a rest now.A. needn'tB. mustn'tC. can'tD. shouldn't21. -- Have you ever been to Disneyland?-- Yes. I there last summer.A. will goB. wentC. have goneD. was going22. It's much to have a lovely small room than a cold big one.A. goodB. wellC. betterD. best23. -- Should I call you on Saturday or on Sunday?-- is OK. I will be free at the weekend.A. BothB. AllC. EitherD. Neither24. At the meeting, we talked about the museum we visited last week.A. whatB. whoC. whereD. which25. -- Help yourself to some juice, Tom.-- .A. You’re welcomeB. Well doneC. I like coffeeD. Thank you第二节语法选择（共10 题；每小题1 分，满分10 分）Liu Xiang, the world champion hurdler, officially retired on April 7, 2015.Liu, who 26 the 110m hurdles gold medal at the 2004 Olympics in Athens, said a pain in his foot stopped him from competing in both the 2008 Beijing Olympics and 2012 London g ames, and forced him 27 the fact that he won’t be able to race at the highest level again.“I am officially retiring today to say goodbye to my tracks and hurdles,” Liu said on his personal blog 28 Tuesday afternoon.“It’s a well-considered decision but a difficult 29 to make. I’ve tried all my best to get well from the injury over the past two years since the 2012 London Olympics. I dreamed I could start over again, 30 my foot hurt over and over again. I knew 31 I couldn’t take any hard t raining and racin g any more. I hate my foot as 32 as I love my track and my hurdles.”From 2004 to 2007, he achieved the “triple crown” by winning at the Olympics, the world championships in 2007 and 33 a world record of 12.88 seconds in Lausanne in 2006. In those days, 34 in China was proud of him. However, Liu’s career dropped. In 2008 he had to withdraw from the first-round heat of the 110m hurdles at the 2008 Beijing Olympics, leaving the 80,000 homecrowd in the Bird’s Nest in s hocked 35 .Since then, Liu’s career has been hampered by his injury, despite making a short comeback from 2009 to 2011 to win a series of international meets with world-level marks.26. A. win B. wins C. winning D. won27. A. to accept B. accepting C. accepted D. accept28. A. in B. on C. at D. of29. A. it B. its C. ones D. one30. A. or B. and C. but D. so31. A. that B. what C. how D. where32. A. many B. more C. much D. most33. A. set B. setting C. to set D. sets34. A. everyone B. anyone C. no one D. someone35. A. silent B. silently C. silencing D. silence三、完形填空（共10 题；每小题1 分，满分10 分）"Er, er, er......I’m sorry I forget my words."Tom rushed out of the hall with his face red. People afraid of speaking in public are suffering fr om “Stage Fright”. Stage fright makes a person 36 . Inthat 37 it can make one’s mind go blank and 38 what one ought to say, or to act. Actors, musicians, dancers, lawyers, even TV show hosts suffered from stage fright at one time or another. Diana Nichols is an expert in helping people free from stage fright at a medical center in New York City. She helps actors learn to 39 themselves. Miss Nichols says some people have always been 40 to perform before the audience. Others, she says, develop stage fright after a terrible experience.She offers them advice to control the fear. One way is to smile before going onto the stage. Taking two deep breaths also helps. Deep breathing helps you get control of your body.Miss Nichols asks her 41 to tell themselves that their speech or performance does not have tobe 42 . It’s all right to make a mistake. She tells them they should not be too nervous while they are performing. It is important that they should continue to perform while she is helping them. After each performance, they discuss whathappened and find out what 43 helped and what did not. As they perform more and more, they will 44 less and less. Miss Nichols says the aim is only to reduce stage fright, not to smooth it away 45 . This is because a little stage fright makes a person more careful, and improves the performance.36. A. joyful B. unhappy C. nervous D. hopeless37. A. case B. mood C. sense D. condition38. A. remember B. forget C. discuss D. show39. A. cure B. control C. hold D. protect40. A. satisfied B. happy C. afraid D. surprised41. A. patients B. children C. audience D. actors42. A. perfect B. fine C. good D. pleasant43. A. people B. advice C. words D. measures44. A. care B. enjoy C. act D. fear45. A. practically B. partly C. completely D. really四、阅读理解（共20 题；每小题2 分，满分40 分）(A)Some inventions are so useful, but seem so simple, that we wonder why no one thought of them long ago. Post- it Notes, the pieces of paper that you can fasten almost anywhere and then remove without leaving any sign that they were there, are an example of such an invention.Post-it Notes were invented 20 years ago by Art Fry, a scientist at 3M Company. The idea came from a frustrating experience while singing. Fry used pieces of paper as bookmarks to mark the places in his book of songs, but these bookmarks were always falling out. He knew he needed a bookmark that would stay where he put it without damaging the pages.Around that time, Fry heard that his workmate, Dr. Spence Silver had created a new adhesive (粘合剂) whichwas special because it was sticky, but not too sticky. It was strong enough to hold papers together, but weak enough to not tear the paper when it was removed. Fry saw that the new adhesive could help solve his bookmark problem. One morning, Fry put some of the adhesive on the top of a piece of paper. Just as he hoped, it made a perfect bookmark.Later, Fry realized that his new invention can also be used as a great bookmark. He came to this idea when he wrote a note on one of his new “bookmarks” and attached it to a report he was going to give to a workmate. Soon, the workmate asked Fry for more samples of his invention so that they could use the new type of notes themselves.When some salespeople at 3M went to offices and showed workers just how helpful the new type of notes could be, they immediately received many orders. As more and more people discovered how useful Post-it Notes could be, the product took off.46. The invention of Post-it Notes showed that Art Fry .A. had a lot of knowledgeB. was very hard-workingC. was good at creative thinkingD. loved his job in the church47. In what way did Dr. Spence help Art Fry?A. They worked together and often discussed science.B. His invention of a special adhesive made Art’s invention possible.C. He persuaded 3M Company to give away lots of Post-it Notes for trial use.D. He cooperated with Art by providing the new adhesive for Art.48. Which of the following is a possible use of Post-it Notes?A. A note on a friend’s doorB. An e-mail to a friendC. A postcard from abroadD. An ad in a newspaper49. What does the underlined part mean?A. The products started to leave the ground.B. The products disappeared from the market.C. The products had even more uses.D. The products became popular very quickly.50. The biggest advantage of Post-it Notes is that .A. it can leave no sign when removedB. it is very cheap to useC. it is good to write notes onD. it is very thin and beautiful(B)A store owner was putting up a sign above his door that said “dogs for sales”. Signs like that have a way of attracting small children, and sure enough, a little boy appeared under the store owner’s sign.“How much are you going to sell the dogs for?” he asked.The store owner replied, “Anywhere from $30 to $50.”The little boy reached in his pocket and pulled out some change. “I have $2.37,” he said, “Could I look at them?”The store owner smiled and took the boy to the dog nest. To our surprise, the little boy selected limping dog and said, “What’s wrong with that little dog?”The store owner explained that a doctor had examined the little dog and had discovered it don’t have a hip socket(膝盖骨). It would always limp.The little boy became excited, “That’s the dog I want to buy.”The store owner said, “No, you don’t want to buy that little dog. If you really want him, I will just g ive him to you.”The little boy got quite upset. He looked straight into the store owner’s eyes, pointing his finger, an d said, “I don’t want you to give him to me. That little dog is worth as much as all the other dogs and I’ll pay full price. In fact, I will give you $2.37 now, and 50cents a month until I have paid all the money for him. ”The store owner said, “You really don’t want to buy this little dog. He is never going to be able to run and jump and play with you like the other dogs.”To his surprise, the little boy revealed a badly, disabled left leg supported by a big metal brace. He looked up at the store owner an d softly replied, “Well, I don’t run so well myself, and the little dog will need someone who understand!”We all need someone who understands!51. Which of the following is the correct order of the events that happened to the boy?a. He showed interest in one of the dogs.b. He wanted to look at the dogs.c. The store owner told him what was wrong with the little dog.d. He showed his own left leg to the store owner.e. He asked the store owner the price of the dogs.A. e-a-b-c-dB. e-b-a-c-dC. b-a-c-d-eD. b-e-a-c-d52. How was the dog the little boy selected?A. It was very beautifulB. It was very strongC. It didn’t have a hip socke tD. It was too young to feed53. Which of the following it TRUE about the boy?A. He had enough money to buy a dog at a full price.B. He didn’t really want to have the limping dog.C. He didn’t want the owner to look down upon the dog.D. He wanted the owner to give him the dog for free.54. What can we learn from the passage?A. The boy was a disabled person.B. The boy didn’t have a hip socketC. The boy didn’t like healthy dog.D. The boy only needed to pay $2.37 dollars.55. The passage mainly tells us .A. the store owner was very kind to the boyB. everyone needs someone to understand himC. the boy was interested in the little dog.D. something was wrong with the bo y’s left leg(C)We all know that sports can help you keep fit and get in touch with nature. However, whether you areon the mountains, in the waves, or on the grassland, you should be aware that your choice of sports might have great influence on the environment.Some sports are resource-hungry. Golf, as you may know, eats up not only large areas of countryside, but also tons of water. Besides, all sorts of chemicals and huge amounts of energy are used to keepits course in good condition. This causes major environmental effects. For example, in the dry areas of Portugal and Spain, golf is often responsible for serious water shortage in some local areas.There are many environment-friendly sports. Power walking is one of them that you could take up today. Yo u don’t need anything special except a good pair of shoes; and you don’t have to think about resources and your purse. Simple and free, power walking can also keep you fit. If you walk regularly, it will be good for your heart and bones. Experts say that 20 minutes of power walking daily can make you feel less anxious, sleep well and have better weight control.Whatever sport you take up, you can make it greener by using environment-friendly equipment and buying products made from recycled materials. But th e final goal should be “green gyms”. They are better choices than traditional he alth clubs and modern sports centers. Members of green gym play sports outdoors, in the countryside or other open spaces. There is no special requirement for you to start your membership. And best of all, it’s free.56. What does the underlined word course mean?A. 课程B. 球场C. 进程D. 一道菜57. What do we know about golf from the passage?A. It needs water and energy to keep it work.B. It causes water shortages around the world.C. It pollutes the earth with chemicals and wastesD. It is popular in Portugal and Spain.58. The writer uses power walking as an example mainly because _.A. it is an outdoor sportB. it improves our healthC. it uses fewer resourcesD. it is recommended by experts59. According to the passage, which of the following is an environment-friendly sport?A. Cycling around a lakeB. Motor racing in the desertC. Playing basketball in a gymD. Swimming in a sports center60. The passage mainly .A. shows us the function of major sportsB. encourages us to go in for green sportsC. discusses the major influence of popular sportsD. introduces different types of green sports(D)Jack is a clerk of a bookstore. Here is the note from his boss, Ben, Jack has to decide what books to order according to the following note and the descriptions of the books.Hi Jack,You must hand in the order list of books to me by the first working day of every month. The rules for choosing books are: For textbooks:●August is coming. We must choose all textbooks, without think ing of other rules. For books which are not textbooks:● If more than five copies of books were sold last month, we choose them. But if there are five copies or more in stock, we do not make an order.● If the wholesale prices of the books are higher than $ 75, we do not choose them. And we do not order anything whose retail price is higher than $ 100.B enThe descriptions of the books:Title: Homeland English Publisher: Homeland Ltd Wholesale price: $ 110 Retail price : $ 140 Textbook: YesCopies sold last month: 3 Copies in stock：2 Title: How to Become Successful Publisher: Founders Company Ltd Wholesale price: $ 25Retail price : $40 Textbook: NoCopies sold last month: 2Copies in stock: 1Title: Biology at a GlancePublisher: New Times Publishing Ltd Wholesale price: $ 70 Retail price: $ 95 Textbook: NoCopies sold last month: 18Copies in stock: 3 Title: Good Health in 20 Days Publisher: Oscar World Ltd Wholesale price: $50Retail price: $66 Textbook: NoCopies sold last month:10Copies in stock: 2061. Jack must hand in the order list to his boss by .A. the first day of last AugustB. the last working day of this monthC. the last day of next AugustD. the first working day of each month62. If Jack wants to buy the books about success, he should order them from .A. Homeland LtdB. Founders Company LtdC. Oscar World LtdD. New Times Publishing Ltd63. The number of the books sold best last month is .A. 3B. 10C. 18D. 2064. Which of the following should be included in the order list?A. Homeland EnglishB. How to Become SuccessfulC. Good Health in 20 DaysD. None of the above65. Jack can’t buy Good Health in 20 Days because .A. it is not a school textbookB. its wholesale price is too highC. the copies in stock are more than 5D. the copies sold last month are over 5五、写作（共三节，满分30 分）第一节单词拼写（共5 题，每小题1 分，满分5 分）66. You should r the books you borrowed to the library on time.67. Please don’t w about him. He can take care of himself.68. You can try to s the problem in a different way.69. You should eat less fast food because it is h to our health.70. The famous scientist is going to give a l at our school next week.第二节完成句子（共5 题，每小题2 分，满分10 分）71. 我们不应该嘲笑别人，这是不礼貌的。

2015年广州广雅中学初三一模二、语言知识及运用（共两节，满分20 分）第一节单项选择（共10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分10 分）16.The government thought ofuseful way to helppoor.A.an; aB. a; theC. /; theD. the; /17.The bridgelast month. Now it’s very convenient for the people nearby.A.buildB. builtC. was buildingD. was built18.Can you tell meA.when did he come homeB. where he would play footballC. if he lives hereD. why didn’t he watch the game19.The firementhe fire at last.A.put onB. put awayC. put upD. put out20.-- Must I finish all the work now-- No, you. You can have a rest now.A.needn'tB. mustn'tC. can'tD. shouldn't21.-- Have you ever been to Disneyland-- Yes. Ithere last summer.A.will goB. wentC. have goneD. was going22.It's muchto have a lovely small room than a cold big one.A.goodB. wellC. betterD. best23.-- Should I call you on Saturday or on Sunday--is OK. I will be free at the weekend.A.BothB. AllC. EitherD. Neither24.At the meeting, we talked about the museumwe visited last week.A.whatB. whoC. whereD. which25.-- Help yourself to some juice, Tom.--.A.You’re welcomeB. Well doneC. I like coffeeD. Thank you第二节语法选择（共10 题；每小题 1 分，满分10 分）Liu Xiang, the world champion hurdler, officially retired on April 7, 2015.Liu, who26the 110m hurdles gold medal at the 2004 Olympics in Athens, said a pain in his foot stopped him from competing in both the 2008 Beijing Olympics and 2012 London games, and forced him27the fact that he won’t be able to race at the highest level again.“I am officially retiring today to say goodbye to my tracks and hurdles,” Liu said on his personal blog28Tuesday afternoon.“It’s a well-considered decision but a difficult29to make. I’ve tried all my best to get well from the injury over the past two years since the 2012 London Olympics. I dreamed I could start over again,30my foot hurt over and over again. I knew31I couldn’t take any hard training and racing any more. I hate my foot as32as I love my track and my hurdles.”From 2004 to 2007, he achieved the “triple crown” by winning at the Olympics, the world championships in 2007 and33a world record of seconds in Lausanne in 2006. In those days,34in China was proud of him. However, Liu’s career dropped. In 2008 he had to withdraw from the first-round heat of the 110m hurdles at the 2008 Beijing Olympics, leaving the 80,000 home crowd in the Bird’s Nest in shocked35.Since then, Liu’s career has been hampered by his injury, despite making a short comeback from 2009 to 2011 to win a series of international meets with world-level marks.26. A.win B.wins C.winning D.won27. A.toaccept B.accepting C.accepted D.accept28. A.in B. on C. at D. of29. A.it B.its C.ones D.one30. A. or B.and C. but D. so31. A.that B.what C. how D.where32. A.many B.more C.much D.most33. A.set B.setting C.toset D.sets34. A.everyone B.anyone C. noone D.someone35. A.silent B.silently C.silencing D.silence三、完形填空（共10 题；每小题 1 分，满分10 分）"Er, er, er......I’m sorry I forget my words."Tom rushed out of the hall with his face red. People afraid of speaking in public are suffering from “Stage Fright”. Stage fright makes a person36. In that37it can make one’s mind go blank and38what one ought to say, or to act. Actors, musicians, dancers, lawyers, even TV show hosts suffered from stage fright at one time or another.Diana Nichols is an expert in helping people free from stage fright at a medical center in New York City. She helps actors learn to39themselves. Miss Nichols says some people have always been40to perform before the audience. Others, she says, develop stage fright after a terrible experience.She offers them advice to control the fear. One way is to smile before going onto the stage. Taking two deep breaths also helps. Deep breathing helps you get control of your body.Miss Nichols asks her41to tell themselves that their speech or performance does not have to be42. It’s all right to make a mistake. She tells them they should not be too nervous while they are performing. It is important that they should continue to perform while she is helping them. After each performance, they discuss what happened and find out what43helped and what did not. As they perform more and more, they will44less and less. Miss Nichols says the aim is only to reduce stage fright, not to smooth it away45. This is because a little stage fright makes a person more careful, and improves the performance.36. A.joyful B.unhappy C.nervous D.hopeless37. A.case B.mood C.sense D.condition38. A.remember B.forget C.discuss D. show39. A.cure B.control C.hold D.protect40. A.satisfied B.happy C.afraid D.surprised41. A.patients B.children C.audience D.actors42. A.perfect B.fine C.good D.pleasant43. A.people B.advice C.words D.measures44. A.care B.enjoy C.act D.fear45. A.practically B.partly pletely D.really四、阅读理解（共20 题；每小题 2 分，满分40 分）(A)Some inventions are so useful, but seem so simple, that we wonder why no one thought of them long ago. Post- it Notes, the pieces of paper that you can fasten almost anywhere and then remove without leaving any sign that they were there, are an example of such an invention.Post-it Notes were invented 20 years ago by Art Fry, a scientist at 3M Company. The idea came from a frustrating experience while singing. Fry used pieces of paper as bookmarks to mark the places in his book of songs, but these bookmarks were always falling out. He knew he needed a bookmark that would stay where he put it without damaging the pages.Aroundthattime,Fryheardthathisworkmate,Dr.Spence Silver had created a new adhesive (粘合剂)whichwas special because it was sticky, but not too sticky. It was strong enough to hold papers together, but weak enough to not tear the paper when it was removed. Fry saw that the new adhesive could help solve his bookmark problem. One morning, Fry put some of the adhesive on the top of a piece of paper. Just as he hoped, it made a perfect bookmark.Later, Fry realized that his new invention can also be used as a great bookmark. He came to this idea when he wrote a note on one of his new “bookmarks” and attached it to a report he was going to give to a workmate. Soon, the workmate asked Fry for more samples of his invention so that they could use the new type of notes themselves.When some salespeople at 3M went to offices and showed workers just how helpful the new type of notes could be, they immediately received many orders. As more and more people discovered how useful Post-it Notes could be,the product took off.46.The invention of Post-it Notes showed that Art Fry.A.had a lot of knowledgeB. was very hard-workingC. was good at creative thinkingD. loved his job in the church47.In what way did Dr. Spence help Art FryA.They worked together and often discussed science.B.His invention of a special adhesive made Art’s invention possible.C.He persuaded 3M Company to give away lots of Post-it Notes for trial use.D.He cooperated with Art by providing the new adhesive for Art.48.Which of the following is a possible use of Post-it NotesA. A note on a friend’s doorB. An e-mail to a friendC. A postcard from abroadD. An ad in a newspaper49.What does the underlined part meanA.The products started to leave the ground.B. The products disappeared from the market.C. The products had even more uses.D. The products became popular very quickly.50.The biggest advantage of Post-it Notes is that.A.it can leave no sign when removedB. it is very cheap to useC. it is good to write notes onD. it is very thin and beautiful(B)A store owner was putting up a sign above his door that said “dogs for sales”. Signs like that have a way of attracting small children, and sure enough, a lit tle boy appeared under the store owner’s sign. “How much are you going to sell the dogs for” he asked.The store owner replied, “Anywhere from $30 to $50.”The little boy reached in his pocket and pulled out some change. “I have $,” he said, “Could I look at them”The store owner smiled and took the boy to the dog nest. To our surprise, the little boy selected limping dog and said, “What’s wrong with that little dog”The store owner explained that a doctor had examined the little dog and had discovered it d on’t have a hip socket(膝盖骨).It would always limp.The little boy became excited, “That’s the dog I want to buy.”The store owner said, “No, you don’t want to buy that little dog. If you really want him, I will just give him to you.”The little boy got quit e upset. He looked straight into the store owner’s eyes, pointing his finger, and said, “I don’t want you to give him to me. That little dog is worth as much as all the other dogs and I’ll pay full price. In fact, I will give you $ now, and 50cents a month until I have paid all the money for him. ”The store owner said, “You really don’t want to buy this little dog. He is never going to be able to run and jump and play with you like the other dogs.”To his surprise, the little boy revealed a badly, disabled left leg supported by a big metal brace. He looked up at the store owner and softly replied, “Well, I don’t run so well myself, and the little dog will need someone who understand!”We all need someone who understands!51.Which of the following is the correct order of the events that happened to the boya.He showed interest in one of the dogs.b.He wanted to look at the dogs.c.The store owner told him what was wrong with the little dog.d.He showed his own left leg to the store owner.e.He asked the store owner the price of the dogs.A. e-a-b-c-dB. e-b-a-c-dC. b-a-c-d-eD. b-e-a-c-d52.How was the dog the little boy selectedA.It was very beautifulB. It was very strongC. It didn’t have a hip socketD. It was too young to feed53.Which of the following it TRUE about the boyA.He had enough money to buy a dog at a full price.B.He didn’t really want to have the limping dog.C.He didn’t want the owner to look down upon the dog.D.He wanted the owner to give him the dog for free.54.What can we learn from the passageA.The boy was a disabled person.B. The boy didn’t have a hip socketC. The boy didn’t like healthy dog.D. The boy only needed to pay $ dollars.55.The passage mainly tells us.A.the store owner was very kind to the boyB. everyone needs someone to understand himC. the boy was interested in the little dog.D. something was wrong with the boy’s left leg(C)We all know that sports can help you keep fit and get in touch with nature. However, whether you are on the mountains, in the waves, or on the grassland, you should be aware that your choice of sportsmight have great influence on the environment.Some sports are resource-hungry. Golf, as you may know, eats up not only large areas of countryside, but also tons of water. Besides, all sorts of chemicals and huge amounts of energy are used to keepits course in good condition. This causes major environmental effects. For example, in the dry areas of Portugal and Spain, golf is often responsible for serious water shortage in some local areas.There are many environment-friendly sports. Power walking is one of them that you could take up today. You don’t need anything special except a good pair of shoes; and you don’t have to think about resources and your purse. Simple and free, power walking can also keep you fit. If you walk regularly, it will be good for your heart and bones. Experts say that 20 minutes of power walking daily can make you feel less anxious, sleep well and have better weight control.Whatever sport you take up, you can make it greener by using environment-friendly equipment and buying products made from recycled materials. But the final goal should be “green gyms”. They are better choices than traditional health clubs and modern sports centers. Members of green gym play sports outdoors, in the countryside or other open spaces. There is no special requirement for you to start your membership. And best of all, it’s free.56.What does the underlined word course meanA. 课程B. 球场C.进程D. 一道菜57.What do we know about golf from the passageA.It needs water and energy to keep it work.B.It causes water shortages around the world.C.It pollutes the earth with chemicals and wastesD.It is popular in Portugal and Spain.58.The writer uses power walking as an example mainly because_.A.it is an outdoor sportB. it improves our healthC. it uses fewer resourcesD. it is recommended by experts59.According to the passage, which of the following is an environment-friendly sportA.Cycling around a lakeB. Motor racing in the desertC. Playing basketball in a gymD. Swimming in a sports center60.The passage mainly.A.shows us the function of major sportsB.encourages us to go in for green sportsC.discusses the major influence of popular sportsD.introduces different types of green sports(D)Jack is a clerk of a bookstore. Here is the note from his boss, Ben, Jack has to decide what books to order according to the following note and the descriptions of the books.Hi Jack,You must hand in the order list of books to me by the first working day of every month. The rules for choosing books are:For textbooks:●August is coming. We must choose all textbooks, without thinking of other rules.For books which are not textbooks:●If more than five copies of books were sold last month, we choose them. But if there are five copiesor more in stock, we do not make an order.●If the wholesale prices of the books are higher than $ 75, we do not choose them. And we do not order anything whose retail price is higher than $ 100.BenThe descriptions of the books:Title: Homeland English Publisher: Homeland Ltd Wholesale price: $ 110 Retail price : $ 140 Textbook: YesCopies sold last month: 3 Copies in stock：2Title: How to Become Successful Publisher: Founders Company Ltd Wholesale price: $ 25Retail price : $40 Textbook: NoCopies sold last month: 2Copies in stock: 1Title: Biology at a GlancePublisher: New Times Publishing Ltd Wholesale price: $ 70Retail price: $ 95 Textbook: NoCopies sold last month: 18Copies in stock: 3Title: Good Health in 20 Days Publisher: Oscar World Ltd Wholesale price: $50Retail price: $66 Textbook: NoCopies sold last month:10Copies in stock: 2061.Jack must hand in the order list to his boss by.A.the first day of last AugustB. the last working day of this monthC. the last day of next AugustD. the first working day of each month62.If Jack wants to buy the books about success, he should order them from.A.Homeland LtdB. Founders Company LtdC. Oscar World LtdD. New Times Publishing Ltd63.The number of the books sold best last month is.A. 3B. 10C. 18D. 2064.Which of the following should be included in the order listA.Homeland EnglishB. How to Become SuccessfulC. Good Health in 20 DaysD. None of the above65.Jack can’t buy Good Health in 20 Days because.A.it is not a school textbookB. its wholesale price is too highC. the copies in stock are more than 5D. the copies sold last month are over 5五、写作（共三节，满分30 分）第一节单词拼写（共 5 题，每小题 1 分，满分 5 分）66. You should rthe books you borrowed to the library on time.67.Please don’t wabout him. He can take care of himself.68. You can try to sthe problem in a different way.69. You should eat less fast food because it is hto our health.70. The famous scientist is going to give a lat our school next week.第二节完成句子（共 5 题，每小题 2 分，满分10 分）71. 我们不应该嘲笑别人，这是不礼貌的。

32∘j i ao s h iD.30cm如图所示，∵、分别是、的中点，∴是的中位线，D E AB BC DE △ABC=4×8=32BE=DF编辑该厂二月份生产的手机产量占第一季度的比例为 ．%如图所示，当与⊙相切时，∵PC O ∠OCP sin ∠OCP ===OP OC 2412∘在与中，AP BP △OAP △OBD ⎧⎪OA =OD目录选择题（本大题共10小题，每小题3分，…填空题（本大题共6小题，每小题3分，…解答题（本大题共9小题，满分102分）jiaoshi.izhikang.com218/jiaoshi.izhikang.com218/12/325.（1）用尺规作出的外接圆．（保留作图痕迹，可不写作法）答 案解 析（2）求的度数．答 案解 析如图：中，，点在上，且，为外接圆的切线．作图见解析．作的垂直平分线，作的垂直平分线，与的交点为，以点为圆心为作⊙即可．如图所示：．连结、，由切线性质，知．∵，∴，（同弧所对的圆周角等于它所对的圆心角的一半）．∵，∴，由，得，∴．△ABC∠C=45∘D AC∠ADB=60∘AB△BCD△BCDBC MN BD HF MN FH O O OB O∠A∠A=75∘OB OD∠ABO=90∘∠ACB=45∘∠BOD=90∘OB=OD∠OBD=∠ODB=45∘∠ABO=90∘∠ABD=45∘∠A=180−∠ABD−∠ADB=180−45−60=75∘∘∘∘∘学生版教师版答案版编辑。

2015年广州市初中毕业生学业考试语文模拟卷本试卷共8页，分三部分，共23小题，满分150分。

考试用时120分钟。

注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必在答题卡上用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔填写自己的学校、班级、姓名、学号和座位号。

2.选择题的答案用2B铅笔把答题卡上选择题答题区中对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案；答案不能写在试题上。

3.非选择题的答案必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案，改动后的答案也不能超出指定的区域；不准使用铅笔、圆珠笔和涂改液。

不按以上要求作答的答案无效。

4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分积累与运用（共35分）一、（6小题，20分）1．下列词语中，加点字读音有错误的一项是（）(3分)A．埋．怨（mái）阴霾．密布（mái）酷肖．（xiāo）惟妙惟肖．（xiào）B．锦幛．（zhànɡ）重峦叠嶂．（zhànɡ）拮据．（jū）查无实据．（jù）C．绯．红（fēi）获益匪．浅（fěi）揣．摩（chuǎi）揣．在怀里(chuāi)D．箱箧．（qiè）汗流浃．背（jiā）湖泊．（pō）淡泊．明志（bó）2．下列词语中，没有错别字的一项是（）(3分)A．言行相顾一代天骄繁花似锦引颈受戮B．峥嵘岁月顶礼膜拜遮天敝日诚惶诚恐C．不求甚解马革裹尸潜心贯注睡眼惺松D．冥思暇想穷困潦倒五彩斑斓婉转低回3．下列句子中，加点的成语运用不恰当的一项是（）(3分)A．媒体普遍认为，广东民营剧团境地尴尬，质量良莠不齐．．．．，上升空间有限。

B．时间就是金钱，效率就是生命，效率的提升对于企业的重要性不言而喻．．．．。

C．创意的产生，并非想有就有，而是在日积月累、潜移默化．．．．中渐渐产生的。

2015—2016学年第二学期初三一模试卷数 学（试卷满分：150分 考试时间：120分钟）准考证号 姓名 座位号注意事项：1．全卷三大题，27小题，试卷共4页，另有答题卡． 2．答案一律写在答题卡上，否则不能得分． 3．可直接用2B 铅笔画图．一、选择题（本大题有10小题，每小题4分，共40分.每小题都有四个选项，其中有且只有一个选项正确） 1．如果两个实数b a 、满足0=+b a ，那么b a 、一定是A ．都等于0B ．一正一负C ．互为相反数D ．互为倒数2．袋子中有10个黑球、1个白球, 他们除颜色外无其它差别.随机从袋子中摸出一个球，则 A ．摸到黑球、白球的可能性大小一样B ．这个球一定是黑球C ．事先能确定摸到什么颜色的球D ．这个球可能是白球 3．下列运算结果是6a 的式子是A ．23a a ⋅B ．6()a - C ．33()a D ．126a a - 4．如图1，下列语句中，描述错误的是A ．点O 在直线AB 上 B ．直线AB 与直线OP 相交于点OC ．点P 在直线AB 上D ．∠AOP 与∠BOP 互为补角 5．下列角度中，可以是多边形内角和的是A ．450°B ．900°C ．1200°D ．1400°6．在数学活动课上，老师和同学们判断一个四边形是否为矩形，下面是一个学习小组拟定的方案，其中正确的是A ．测量对角线是否相互平分B ．测量两组对边是否分别相等C ．测量对角线是否相等D ．测量其中三个角是否都为直角7．命题“关于x 的一元二次方程210x bx ++=，必有实数解．”是假命题．则在下列选项中，可以作为反例的是A ．b =﹣1B ．b =﹣2C ．b =﹣3D ．b =28．在平面直角坐标系中，将y 轴所在的直线绕原点逆时针旋转45°，再向下平移1个单位后得到直线a ，则直线a 对应的函数表达式为A ．1y x =-B ．1y x =-+C ．1y x =+D ．1y x =--9.如图2，正比例函数y 1=k 1x 的图象与反比例函数y 2=2k x的图象相交于A ，B 两点， PBO A其中点A 的横坐标为2，当y 1＞y 2时，x 的取值范围是 A ．x ＜﹣2或x ＞2 B ．x ＜﹣2或0＜x ＜2 C ．﹣2＜x ＜0或0＜x ＜﹣2 D ．﹣2＜x ＜0或x ＞210．已知抛物线213662y x x =-++与x 轴交于点A 和点B ，与y 轴交于点C ， 若D 为AB 的中点，则CD 的长为 A ．154 B ．92 C ．132 D ．152二、填空题（本大题有10小题，每小题4分，共24分） 11．若代数式2x -有意义，则x 的取值范围是____________． 12．计算(2)(2)__________x x +-=13．某公司欲招聘一名工作人员,对甲应聘者进行面试和笔试，面试成绩为85分笔试成绩为90分．若公司分别赋予面试成绩和笔试成绩6和4的权，则甲的平均成绩的是____分． 14．若反比例函数xk y 1-=图像在第二、四象限，则k 的取值范围是 ． 15. 若函数1y x =-（1）当2x =-时，y = ;（2）当14x -≤<时，y 的取值范围是 ．16.如图3， 以数轴上的原点O 为圆心,3为半径的扇形中,圆心角90AOB ∠=,另一个扇形是以点P 为圆心,5为半径,圆心角60CPD ∠=,点P 在数轴上表示实数a ,（1）计算︵CD l ＝___________.（2）如果两个扇形的圆弧部分(ºAB 和»CD )相交,那么实数a 的取值范围是 .三、解答题（本大题有11小题，共86分） 17．（本题满分7分）计算：2(2)42sin 30-+-︒18．（本题满分7分）在平面直角坐标系中，已知点A （－4,1），B （－2,0），C （－3, －1）,请在图4上画出△ABC ，并画出与△ABC 关于y 轴对称的图形．19．（本题满分7分）解不等式组22263x x x>⎧⎨+≤+⎩20．（本题满分7分）甲口袋中装有3个小球，分别标有号码1，2，3；乙口袋中装有2个小球，分别标有号码2，3；这些球除数字外完全相同．从甲、乙两口袋中分别随机地摸出一个小球， 求这两个小球的号码之和大于4的概率． 21．（本题满分7分）先化简下式，再求值：221(1)121x x x x +-⨯+-+，其中，31x =+．22．（本题满分7分）某工厂一台机器的工作效率相当于一个工人工作效率的12倍，用这台机器生产96个零件比8个工人生产这些零件少用2小时，求这台机器每小时生产多少个零件?23．（本题满分7分）如图5，已知AB ∥CD ，AC 与BD 相交于E ， 若CE =2，AE =3，AB ＝5，BD =320, 求sin A 的值． 24．（本题满分7分）如图6，在平面直角坐标系中，已知点A ()0,2，P 是函数()0>=x x y 图象 上一点，PQ ⊥AP 交y 轴于点Q . 设点P 的横坐标为a ，点Q 的纵坐标为b ， 若210<OP ，求b 的取值范围.25．（本题满分7分）若一个四边形的一条对角线把四边形分成两个等腰三角形，我们把这条对角线叫做这个 四边形的和谐线．已知在四边形ABCD 中，AB ＝AD ＝BC ，∠BAD ＝90°，AC 是四边形ED CBAABCD 的和谐线,求∠BCD 的度数.(注:已画四边形ABCD 的部分图,请你补充完整,再求解)26．（本题满分11分）已知BC 是⊙O 的直径，BF 是弦，AD 过圆心O ，AD ⊥BF ，AE ⊥BC 于E ，连接FC ． （1）如图7，若OE =2，求CF ；（2）如图8，连接DE ，并延长交FC 的延长线于G ，连接AG ，请你判断直线AG 与⊙O 的位置关系，并说明理由．27.（本题满分12分）已知直线(0)y kx m k =+<与抛物线2y x bx c =++相交于抛物线的顶点P 和另一点.Q（1）若点(2,)P c -， Q 的横坐标为1-，求点Q 的坐标；（2）过点Q 作x 轴的平行线与抛物线2y x bx c =++的对称轴交于点E ，直线PQ 与y 轴交于点M ，若242,(40)4b PE EQc b -==-<≤，求△OMQ 的面积S 的最大值．图8图72015—2016学年第二学期初三一模试卷（数 学）答案一、选择题（本大题共10小题，每小题4分，共40分）题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 选项CDBCBDADDD二、填空题（本大题共6小题，每题4分，共24分）11. 2x ≥ 12. 24x - 13. 85 14. 1k < 15. 3; 03y ≤< 16.5;423a π-≤≤-三、解答题（本大题共11小题，共86分） 17．（本题满分7分）解:原式=14222+-⨯-----------------6分 =421+-=5 ------------------7分 18．（本题满分7分）正确画出△ABC ； ……………………………4分正确画出△ABC 关于y 轴对称的图形. …………………7分19．（本题满分7分）解：由不等式①得2x ＞2，x ＞1. ……………………………3分由不等式②得x ＋2≤6＋3x ，x ≥－2. ……………………………6分不等式组的解集是x ＞1. ……………………………7分 20．（本题满分7分）P (两个小球的号码之和大于4)--------------------2分=3162= ----------------7分21．（本题满分7分）解：原式=2121()11(1)x x x x x ++-⨯++-………………………… 2分 =2111(1)x x x x -+⨯+-……………………………3分=11x +……………………………5分当31x =-时，原式=1333=……………………………7分 22．（本题满分7分）解 设工人每小时生产x 个零件，则机器每小时生产12x 个零件根据题意列方程96962812x x-= ………………3分 解得2x =… …………5分经检验是原方程的解2x =且符合题意 …………………6分 1224x =（个） 答：这台机器每小时生产12个. …………………7分 注：两个检验缺一扣1分 23．（本题满分7分） 解： ∵ AB ∥CD∴ ∠C =∠A ，∠D =∠B∴ △CDE ∽△ABE ……………………………1分∴C ED EA EB E=…………………………………2分 ∵ BD =320∴ DE =320- BE∴ 20233BE BE-= …………………………………3分∴ BE =4 ……………………………………………4分在△ABE 中，AE =3 ，BE =4，AB ＝5 ∴222A E B E A B+=∴△ABE 是直角三角形且∠ABE =90°……………6分 ∴sin A =45BE AB =.……………………………………7分 24．（本题满分7分）（1）过P 作x 轴、y 轴的垂线，垂足分别为M 、N ，E D C BA︒=∠=∠∴90PNQ PM A∵点P 在函数x y =()0>x 的图像上，∴∠PON =∠POM=45︒ …………1分 ∴PM =PNOMPN ∴是正方形PN PM M PN =︒=∠∴,90 …………2分又QPQ PA ⊥ ︒=∠∴90APQ︒=∠+∠=∠+∠∴9021M PQ M PQ12,∴∠=∠ …………3分PNQ PM A ∆≅∆∴PQ AP =∴Q (2,0),A OM a =a AM -=∴2又PNQ PM A ∆≅∆a AM NQ -==∴2 …………4分Q 正方形OMPNON OM =∴b a a +-=∴222-=∴a b …………………………5分在21022<==∆a OM OP POM Rt 中，0,10><∴a a 又100<<∴a …………………………6分又在0222>-=中，a b b ∴随a 的增大而增大，182<<-∴b …………………………7分25．（本题满分7分）∵AC 是四边形ABCD 的和谐线 ∴△ACD 是等腰三角形分三种情况进行讨论(1)当AD＝AC时，△ABC是正三角形∴∠BAC＝∠BCA＝60°，∠CAD＝30°∴∠BCD＝∠BCA＋∠ACD＝60°＋180°－30°2＝135°…………2分(2)当AD＝CD时，AB＝AD＝BC＝CD，∴四边形ABCD为菱形∵∠BAD＝90°∴四边形ABCD为正方形，∴∠BCD＝90°…………4分(3)当AC＝CD时，过点C作CE⊥AD于E，过点B作BF⊥CE于F ∵AC＝CD，CE⊥AD，∴AE＝12AD，∠ACE＝∠DCE∵∠BAD＝∠AEF＝∠BFE＝90°∴四边形ABFE是矩形，∴BF＝AE∵AB＝AD＝BC，∴BF＝12BC，∴∠BCF＝30°∵AB＝BC，∴∠ACB＝∠BAC ∵AB∥CE，∴∠BAC＝∠ACE∴∠ACB＝∠ACE＝12×30°＝15°∴∠BCD＝15°×3＝45°…………7分26．（本题满分11分）解（1）∵AD⊥BF，AE⊥BC∴∠AEO＝∠BDO=90°∵OA=OB,∠AOE＝∠BOD∴△AEO≌△BDO∴OD＝OE=2 …………3分连接OF∵BO=FO AD⊥BF，∴BD=DF …………4分∵BO=CO∴CF=2OE=4 …………5分（2）连接AB∵∠ODE＝∠OED，∴∠AOC＝2∠OED∵OA＝OB，图7∴∠OAB ＝∠OBA ∴∠AOC ＝2∠ABC ， ∴∠ABC ＝∠OED∴AB ∥DG ， …………8分 ∴∠ABD ＝∠GDF ∵BC 是⊙O 的直径，∴∠F ＝90° …………9分 ∴∠ADB ＝∠F 又BD ＝DF ，∴△ABD ≌△GDF …………10分 ∴AB ＝GD∴四边形ABDG 是平行四边形 ∴AG ∥BF ，∴∠DAG ＝∠ADB ＝90° ∵OA 是⊙O 的半径即点A 在⊙O∴直线AG 与⊙O 相切 …………11分27.（本题满分12分）解（1）∵点(2,)P c -是抛物线2y x bx c =++顶点∴22244bc b c ⎧-=⎪⎪⎨-⎪=-⎪⎩ …………2分 解得42b c =-⎧⎨=⎩…………4分 ∴242y x x =-+ 当1x =-时，7y =∴(1,7)Q -…………5分（2）∵224b c -=∴2224()142b by x bx x -=++=+-∴(,1)2bP --…………6分 设2(,()1)2b Q t t +-则2(,()1)22b bE t -+-∴22()1(1)()22b b PE t t =+---=+;()22b bQE t t =--=-+∵2PE EQ =∴2()2()22b bt t +=-+;2()2()022b bt t +++=()(2)022b bt t +++=∵ 顶点P 和点Q 不重合 ∴2b t ≠- ∴02bt +≠ ∴202bt ++= ∴22bt =-- …………8分∴(2,3)2bQ --由(2)32()12b k m b k m ⎧--+=⎪⎪⎨⎪-+=-⎪⎩解得21k m b =-⎧⎨=--⎩…………9分 ∴(0,1)M b -- 分二种情况讨论（1）当41b -<<-时21(1)(4)54(1)(2)2244b b b b b S b ++++=--+=-=-2( 2.5) 2.254b +-=-∴当 2.5b =-时，最大值916…………10分 （2）当10b -<≤时221(1)(4)54( 2.5) 2.25(1)(2)22444b b b b b b S b +++++-=++===∵开口向上，对称轴：直线 2.5b =-∴当40b -<≤时，y 随x 增大而增大 …………11分—————————— 新学期 新成绩 新目标 新方向 ——————————桑水 ∴当0b ，S 的最大值为1 （注：此时P 与M 重合） …………12分综上，△OMQ 的面积S 的最大值为1初中数学试卷鼎尚图文**整理制作。

广东省广州市广雅中学2016年中考化学一模试卷一、选择题（本题包括20小题，每小题2分，共40分）1．生活与化学有着密切的关系．下列叙述中只发生物理变化的是（）A．用熟石灰改良酸性土壤B．用食醋除去水壶中的水垢C．用活性炭除去冰箱中的异味D．用含碳酸氢钠的药物治疗胃酸过多2．实验室经常会用到不同的仪器，其材料可分为不同物质类别，以下分类不正确的是（）A．制造药匙的不锈钢属于混合物B．制造蒸发皿的陶瓷主要成分是硅酸鈣（CaSiO3），硅酸钙属于盐C．制造棕色试剂瓶的玻璃，其主要成分为二氧化硅，玻璃属于化合物D．火柴头覆盖的红色物质为红磷，红磷属于单质3．某阳离子M n+的核外电子共有x个电子，核内有y个中子，则M的相对原子质量约为（）A．x+y B．x+y+n C．x﹣n+y D．x+n﹣y4．高中化学把化学反应分为两类，一类是有元素的化合价升降的化学反应是氧化还原反应；另一类是反应前后元素化合价都没有改变的是非氧化还原反应．下列化学反应属于非氧化还原反应的是（）A．2KMnO4K2MnO4+MnO2+O2↑B．2Na+Cl2═2NaClC．Zn+H2SO4═ZnSO4+H2↑D．CaCO3+2HCl═CaCl2+CO2↑+H2O5．非诺洛芬是一种治疗类风湿关节炎的药物，化学式为C15H14O3，以下不正确的是（）A．该药物由三种元素组成B．一个非诺洛芬分子有32个原子C．该药物相对分子质量为242D．碳氢氧三种元素质量比为15：14：36．世界上最薄的材料一一碳膜片，其厚度只有一根头发的二十万分之一，如图所示它是碳原子构成的六边形单元向外延伸而成，下列正确的是（）A．碳膜片与C60是同一种物质B．碳膜片属于人工合成的有机高分子材料C．碳膜片属于单质D．碳膜片在氧气中完全燃烧的产物和碳在氧气中完全燃烧的产物不同7．食品保鲜的措施有：添加防腐剂、充填保护气体、防止干燥剂和脱氧保鲜剂等，一次，小明在食用月饼时，撕开了用于保鲜的小纸袋，发现其中盛放着一种灰黑色粉末，几天后看到粉末变得有些发红，原保鲜剂可能是（）A．还原性铁粉B．铝粉 C．木炭粉D．氧化铜粉末8．人类最早使用的合金是由铜、锡形成的青铜，我国的锡储量占世界第一，明代的《天工开物》记载的炼锡方法基本就是现代的碳还原法，该方程式是SnO2+2C Sn+2CO↑．该反应类型属于（）A．化合反应 B．分解反应 C．复分解反应D．置换反应9．20℃时，将等质量的a、b两种固体，分别加入到盛有lO0g水的烧杯中，充分搅拌后现象如图甲，升温到50℃时，现象如图乙，a、b两种固体的溶解度曲线如图丙．下列说法正确的是（）A．图丙中M表示b的溶解度曲线B．图甲溶液中溶质的质量分数a大于bC．图乙中a、b溶液一定是不饱和溶液D．30℃时a、b溶液溶质质量分数不相等10．甲烷和水反应可以制备水煤气（混合气体），其反应的微观示意图如图所示：根据以上微观示意图得出的结论中，正确的是（）A．水煤气的成分是一氧化碳和氧气B．反应中甲和丙的质量之比为4：7C．反应中含氢元素的化合物有三种D．反应前后碳元素的化合价未发生变化11．人教版九年级化学上册教材部分原子结构示意图如图，氧元素和硫元素化学性质相似的原因是（）A．质子数相同B．电子数相同C．最外层电子数相同 D．相对原子质量相同12．如图所示，夹子开始处于关闭状态，将液体A滴入试管②中与气体B充分反应，打开夹子，可发现试管①中的水立刻沸腾了，则液体A与气体B的组合不可能是（）A．酒精、氧气B．水、氨气C．硝酸银溶液、氯化氢D．氢氧化钠溶液、二氧化碳13．类推可以实现知识的迁移．但不符合事实的类推会得出错误的结论，下列说法正确的是（）A．硝酸铵溶于水吸收大量的热，食盐溶于水也吸收大量的热B．氮肥氯化铵与碱研磨可放出氨气，氮肥尿素（CO（NH2）2）与碱研磨也能放出氨气C．因为燃烧需要同时满足三个条件，所以灭火也要同时控制这三个条件D．氢气与空气混合点燃可能爆炸，一氧化碳与空气混合点燃也可能爆炸14．下列有关食品安全正确的是（）A．用工业石膏或医疗废弃石膏制作豆腐B．炒菜中加入适量的加碘盐，预防地方性甲状腺肿大C．在猪肉中加入大量的牛肉膏（一种添加剂），让猪肉有牛肉的口感D．将地沟油和潲水油回收利用来炒菜，以达到变废为宝、节约资源的目的15．无水硫酸铜是白色固体，遇水变蓝，某气体可能含有水蒸气、CO、H2中的一种或几种，为确定成分，最佳的实验方案是将气体依次通入装置（）A．丙、甲．丙、乙B．丙、乙、甲、乙C．丙、甲、乙、丙D．甲、乙、丙、甲16．下列图象关系合理的是（）A．向pH=9的NaOH溶液中不断加水B．在久置的NaOH溶液中加入盐酸C．分别向稀盐酸中加入等质量的Fe和MgD．在饱和的KNO3溶液中加入KNO3晶体17．下列各组物质不能用硫酸完全区分开的是（）A．镁粉、氧化铜粉、木炭粉B．氢氧化钠溶液、氢氧化钡溶液．氢氧化钾溶液C．硫酸钠溶液、氯化钠溶液、氯化钡溶液D．铝片、铁片、银片18．如图所示实验中，①、④为用紫色石蕊溶液润湿的棉球，②、③为用石蕊溶液染成紫色的干燥棉球．下列能说明CO2密度大于空气且能与水反应的现象是（）A．①变红，③不变红 B．④变红，③不变红C．①、④变红，②、③不变红 D．④比①先变红，②、③不变红19．在硝酸银、硝酸铜的混合溶液中加入一定量的锌粉，反应停止后过滤，滤液仍为蓝色．有关判断正确的是（）A．滤液中一定有硝酸锌、硝酸铜、硝酸银B．滤液中一定有硝酸锌、硝酸铜，可能有硝酸银C．滤液中一定有银，没有铜和锌D．滤液中一定有银和锌可能有铜20．下列实验没计能实现与其对应的实验目的是（）A．燃烧需要与与氧气接触，且温度达到着火点B．测定空气中氧气含量C．比较二氧化锰与氧化铁的催化效果D．实验室制取氧气可以控制反应的开始与停止二、本题包括5小题，共30分.21．化学和化学技术在智能房屋建设和家居生活中有着广泛应用．（1）智能房屋采用太阳能电池供电．生产太阳能电池需用纯硅．工业上由粗硅生产纯硅的工艺流程如图所示：①上述步骤中属于物理变化的是步骤；②步骤Ⅲ发生置换反应，请写出对应的化学方程式．（2）有毒气体传感器可检测家用燃气不完全燃烧产生的有毒气体（填化学式），并及时报警．（3）饮用水净化系统中设备一和设备三的作用分别是、．22．NO和NO2具有下列不同性质，通常情况下，NO是无色气体，难溶于水；NO2是红棕色气体，易溶干水．如图，将一支充满NO2的试管倒立在盛水的烧杯中．NO2与水反应生成硝酸和一氧化氮，写出反应方程式，反应完全后可能出现的实验现象有．23．如图是氯化钠溶液和硝酸银溶液反应的示意图．（1）溶液中还存在的一种微粒是（用化学符号表示）；（2）该反应的本质是和结合生成沉淀；（3）写出与上述反应本质相同的另一化学方程式（反应物之一仍为AgNO3）：．24．请根据资枓①、②回答问题：①木糖醇的甜度相当于蔗糖，易溶于水，是白色固体（30℃、50℃、60℃溶解度各为70g、84g、90g），目前木糖醇口香糖正在取代蔗糖口香糖②人口腔中唾液的pH为6.6～7.1，若酸性增强会形成龋齿．（1）由图1判断：表示木糖醇溶解度曲线的是（填“X”“Y”或“Z”），图中a点表示的含义是．（2）由图2可知咀嚼木糖醇口香糖比蔗糖口香糖更（填“有”或“不”）利于牙齿健康．25．（12分）（2016•广州校级一模）实验室常用的制取气体的装置如图：（1）用高锰酸钾制取氧气时，发生反应的方程式是；（2）收集氧气时，选用装置F的依据是，选用装置D收集满的现象是；（3）实验室常用氯化铵固体和碱石灰固体共热来制取氨气，常温下氨气是一种无色、有刺激性气味的气体，密度比空气小，氨气极易溶于水，其水溶液呈碱性，制取并收集氨气，应从如图中选择的发生装置是，收集装置是；（4）在实验室制取二氧化碳的研究中．进行了如下实验：药品、实验编甲乙丙丁号大理石mg，块状mg，块状mg，粉末状mg，粉末状盐酸（过量）wg，稀盐酸wg，浓盐酸wg，稀盐酸wg，浓盐酸①上述实验中反应的化学方程式是．②若要研究盐酸浓度大小对反应的影响，可选择实验甲与（填试验编号）对照．③除盐酸的浓度外，上述实验研究的另一个影响反应的因素是．④表中的两个实验．尽管在原料状态、发生装置等方面存在差异，却都能控制气体比较平稳地产生，请从原枓、操作等方面思考，阐述下表实验中气体比较平稳产生的最主要的一个原因．气体比较平稳产生的最主要一目的原料发生装置个原因块状大理石A制取二氧化碳稀盐酸粉末状二氧化锰B制取氧气3%的过氧化氢溶液三、本题包括4小题（共30分）26．下列是初中化学中的一些重要实验．请回答：（1）A实验中，可能导致的后果是．（2）B实验中，一段时间后观察到的现象是．（3）C实验在设计上存在的一个明显失误是．27．R电缆厂是一家以生产电缆类产品为主的企业，在电缆生产过程中，不可避免会产生一定量的含铜废料（如：零碎电缆）．某化学兴趣小组的同学得知这一情况后，围绕“从含铜废料中回收铜”提出了各自的看法．甲同学根据已学知识，提出了一套回收方案（图1），铜可与浓硫酸在溶液中发生反应（方程式为：Cu+2H2SO4（浓）CuSO4+2H2O+SO2↑）；乙同学在查阅资料后得知：在通入空气并加热的务件下，铜可与稀硫酸在溶液中发生反应（方程式为：2Cu+2H2SO4+O22CuSO4+2H2O），于是他提出了另一套方案（图2）：（1）乙方案在滤液中加入铁屑的步骤中，涉及的化学反应方程式是、；（2）从环保角度对两套方案的不同部分进行比较，你认为（选填“甲”或“乙”）的方案不合理．理由是：．（3）无论是甲或乙的方案，加入略过量的铁屑的目的是．如果铁过量，该用什么化学方法去除红色粉末中的铁．（4）最后，老师肯定了同学们的积极思考，但同时指出：方案最后一步所得浅绿色滤液结晶后，会得到一种俗称“绿矾”的工业产品，可增加经济效益．请写出使绿矾结晶的方法：．（“绿矾”的溶解度随温度升高而增大）．28．（10分）（2016•广州校级一模）民间流传用硝土和草木灰为原料制取硝酸钾，硝土中含有硝酸钙和氯化钠等物质，草木灰主要成分为碳酸钾，制作的主要工艺流程如图．（1）③⑤⑦均为操作X，该操作是；（2）写出生成白色沉淀B的化学方程式：，用150kg含8%杂质的草木灰与足量硝土反应，理论上能制取硝酸钾的质量为kg．（3）溶液D可以重复使用的原因是．现测得室温下溶液D的溶质质量分数为20%．实验室欲将溶液D稀释至原来质量分数的一半．配成l00g溶液备用，根据下表密度数据，分别计算需要量取溶液D ml，蒸馏水ml．物质20%溶液D 蒸馏水室温下密度/g•cm﹣3 1.125 1.000（4）稀释溶液D的过程中，以下操作可能导致溶质质量分数偏小的是（填序号）①量取蒸馏水的时候俯视量筒②将量筒中的溶液D转移到烧杯时有较多液体残留在量筒中③用玻璃棒搅拌时不慎溅出少量溶液，马上倒入少量蒸馏水补充④将混合好的溶液装瓶时发现所选试剂瓶不能装入全部溶液，装瓶后将剩余溶液倒掉．29．（10分）（2016•广州校级一模）牙膏是一种日用必需品．某研究性学习小组对某一品牌牙膏中所含摩擦剂的成分进行了如下探究．【查阅资料】（1）牙膏常用氢氧化铝、碳酸钙、二氧化硅等物质作摩擦剂，牙膏中其它成分遇到盐酸时无气体生成；（2）氢氧化铝是两性氢氧化物，在常温下它既能与强酸，又能与强碱反应．如与氢氧化钠可发生如下反应：Al（OH）3+NaOH=NaAlO2+2H2O．（NaAlO2溶于水）【提出问题】该品牌牙膏的酸碱性如何？其中含有什么摩擦剂？【实验与猜想】（1）取少量牙膏膏体于小烧杯中，加入10毫升蒸馏水，充分搅拌，静置一段时间，分离上层清液和沉淀，待用；（2）用pH试纸测定所得溶液的pH大于7，正确的操作方法是：在白瓷板或玻璃片上放一小片pH试纸，，把试纸显示的颜色与标准比色卡对照，读出溶液的pH．（3）取少量沉淀物加入过量的稀盐酸，沉淀物全部溶解并有大量气泡产生，同时得到澄清溶液A，则该品牌牙膏中一定含有碳酸钙，一定不含有．（4）进行猜想：摩擦剂成分可能是a．只含碳酸钙b．【设计实验】实验步骤实验现象解释与结论取澄清溶液A逐滴滴入一定量氢氧化钠溶液开始无明显现象，后产生白色沉淀原因是，．（用化学方程式表示）继续滴入氢氧化钠溶液直摩擦剂中还含有至过量【实验结论】该品牌牙膏所含摩擦剂的成分为．2016年广东省广州市广雅中学中考化学一模试卷参考答案与试题解析一、选择题（本题包括20小题，每小题2分，共40分）1．生活与化学有着密切的关系．下列叙述中只发生物理变化的是（）A．用熟石灰改良酸性土壤B．用食醋除去水壶中的水垢C．用活性炭除去冰箱中的异味D．用含碳酸氢钠的药物治疗胃酸过多【考点】化学变化和物理变化的判别．【分析】分别根据物理性质，化学性质以及化学变化和物理变化的定义以其特点来判断即可．注意：有没有新物质生成，是物理变化与化学变化的根本区别；物质的性质决定物质的用途．【解答】解：A、用熟石灰改良酸性土壤，是氢氧化钙与酸性物质反应，为化学变化，故A 不符合题意；B、用食醋除去水壶中的水垢，食醋与碳酸钙反应，为化学变化，故B不符合题意；C、用活性炭除去冰箱中的异味，无新物质生成，为物理变化，故C符合题意；D、用含碳酸氢钠的药物治疗胃酸过多，碳酸氢钠与盐酸反应，为化学变化，故D不符合题意．故选C．【点评】主要考查了碳单质的物理性质，化学性质以及化学变化和物理变化的判别．2．实验室经常会用到不同的仪器，其材料可分为不同物质类别，以下分类不正确的是（）A．制造药匙的不锈钢属于混合物B．制造蒸发皿的陶瓷主要成分是硅酸鈣（CaSiO3），硅酸钙属于盐C．制造棕色试剂瓶的玻璃，其主要成分为二氧化硅，玻璃属于化合物D．火柴头覆盖的红色物质为红磷，红磷属于单质【考点】纯净物和混合物的判别；单质和化合物的判别；常见的氧化物、酸、碱和盐的判别．【分析】物质分为混合物和纯净物，混合物是由两种或两种以上的物质组成；纯净物是由一种物质组成．纯净物又分为单质和化合物．由同种元素组成的纯净物叫单质；由两种或两种以上的元素组成的纯净物叫化合物．氧化物是指由两种元素组成的化合物中，其中一种元素是氧元素．制造药匙的不锈钢属于混合物正确，合金都属于混合物；制造蒸发皿的陶瓷主要成分是硅酸鈣（CaSiO3），硅酸钙属于盐正确，盐是电离出金属离子和酸根离子的化合物；制造棕色试剂瓶的玻璃，其主要成分为二氧化硅，玻璃属于混合物，不是化合物；火柴头覆盖的红色物质为红磷，红磷属于单质正确，由同种元素组成的纯净物叫单质．【解答】解：A、制造药匙的不锈钢属于混合物正确，合金都属于混合物，正确但不符合题意，故选项错误；B、制造蒸发皿的陶瓷主要成分是硅酸鈣（CaSiO3），硅酸钙属于盐正确，盐是电离出金属离子和酸根离子的化合物，正确但不符合题意，故选项错误；C、制造棕色试剂瓶的玻璃，其主要成分为二氧化硅，玻璃属于混合物，不是化合物，错误符合题意，故选项正确；D、火柴头覆盖的红色物质为红磷，红磷属于单质正确，由同种元素组成的纯净物叫单质，正确但不符合题意，故选项错误；故选C【点评】本考点考查了物质的分类、化学材料等，要加强记忆有关的知识点，并能够区分应用．本考点的基础性比较强，主要出现在选择题和填空题中．3．某阳离子M n+的核外电子共有x个电子，核内有y个中子，则M的相对原子质量约为（）A．x+y B．x+y+n C．x﹣n+y D．x+n﹣y【考点】相对原子质量的概念及其计算方法；原子和离子的相互转化．【分析】阳离子是原子失去电子之后形成的，由阳离子的核外电子数推出原子的核外电子数、核内质子数，由相对原子质量=质子数+中子数计算出该原子的相对原子质量即可．【解答】解：某阳离子M n+的核外电子共有x个电子，是M原子失去n个电子得到的，则M 原子核外电子数为x+n；由原子中：核电荷数=核内质子数=核外电子数，故其核内质子数为x+n；核内有y个中子，由相对原子质量=质子数+中子数，则该原子的相对原子质量为x+n+y．故选B．【点评】本题难度不大，解题的关键是掌握并灵活运用原子与离子的相互转化、原子中核电荷数=核内质子数=核外电子数、相对原子质量=质子数+中子数．4．高中化学把化学反应分为两类，一类是有元素的化合价升降的化学反应是氧化还原反应；另一类是反应前后元素化合价都没有改变的是非氧化还原反应．下列化学反应属于非氧化还原反应的是（）A．2KMnO4K2MnO4+MnO2+O2↑B．2Na+Cl2═2NaClC．Zn+H2SO4═ZnSO4+H2↑D．CaCO3+2HCl═CaCl2+CO2↑+H2O【考点】氧化反应；还原反应．【分析】根据氧化还原反应的特点，可以分析反应前后元素的化合价来分析作答．【解答】解：A、反应中锰元素的化合价由+7变成+6和+4价，氧元素的化合价由﹣2价变成0价，是氧化还原反应．B、钠元素与氯元素的化合价都有0价变成了+1，﹣1价，是氧化还原反应．C、反应中锌由0价变成+2价，氢由+1价变成0价，是氧化还原反应．D、各元素的化合价均无变化，不是氧化还原反应．故选D【点评】解答本题要充分理解氧化还原反应的含义，即：有元素的化合价升降的化学反应是氧化还原反应，只有这样才能对相关方面的反应做出正确的判断．5．非诺洛芬是一种治疗类风湿关节炎的药物，化学式为C15H14O3，以下不正确的是（）A．该药物由三种元素组成B．一个非诺洛芬分子有32个原子C．该药物相对分子质量为242D．碳氢氧三种元素质量比为15：14：3【考点】化学式的书写及意义；相对分子质量的概念及其计算．【分析】A、根据非诺洛芬化学式的含义，进行分析判断．B、根据一个非诺洛芬分子的构成，进行分析判断．C、根据相对分子质量为构成分子的各原子的相对原子质量之和，进行分析判断．D、根据化合物中各元素质量比=各原子的相对原子质量×原子个数之比，进行分析判断．【解答】解：A、非诺洛芬是由碳、氢、氧三种元素组成的，故选项说法正确．B、一个非诺洛芬分子是由15个碳原子、14个氢原子和3个氧原子构成的，则一个非诺洛芬分子有32个原子，故选项说法正确．C、该药物相对分子质量为12×15+1×14+16×3=242，故选项说法正确．D、碳氢氧三种元素质量比为（12×15）：（1×14）：（16×3）≠15：14：3，故选项说法错误．故选：D．【点评】本题难度不大，考查同学们结合新信息、灵活运用化学式的含义与有关计算进行分析问题、解决问题的能力．6．世界上最薄的材料一一碳膜片，其厚度只有一根头发的二十万分之一，如图所示它是碳原子构成的六边形单元向外延伸而成，下列正确的是（）A．碳膜片与C60是同一种物质B．碳膜片属于人工合成的有机高分子材料C．碳膜片属于单质D．碳膜片在氧气中完全燃烧的产物和碳在氧气中完全燃烧的产物不同【考点】碳元素组成的单质；单质和化合物的判别；碳的化学性质；有机高分子材料的分类及鉴别．【分析】本题是给予一定信息的新型题目，要仔细审题，抓住题干信息进行分析，其中碳膜片属于单质，也属于非金属材料，不属于人工合成的有机高分子材料．它完全燃烧的产物是二氧化碳，同碳完全燃烧的产物一样．【解答】解：A、碳膜片与C60是同一种物质，这种说法是错误的；它们是由碳元素组成的不同的两种物质，故A项错误；B、碳膜片不属于人工合成的有机高分子材料，故B项错误；C、碳膜片属于单质，这种说法是正确的；D、碳膜片在氧气中完全燃烧的产物和碳在氧气中完全燃烧的产物相同，均生成二氧化碳；故D项错误．故选：C．【点评】该题是科学前沿的发展为出发点，提供材料碳膜片信息为基点，设置不同的选项进行对所学知识的应用情况；让学生感受到化学无处不在，它与科学发展紧密联系；培养学生的科学理念．在解答此类型题，应抓住信息为切合点．7．食品保鲜的措施有：添加防腐剂、充填保护气体、防止干燥剂和脱氧保鲜剂等，一次，小明在食用月饼时，撕开了用于保鲜的小纸袋，发现其中盛放着一种灰黑色粉末，几天后看到粉末变得有些发红，原保鲜剂可能是（）A．还原性铁粉B．铝粉 C．木炭粉D．氧化铜粉末【考点】食品干燥剂、保鲜剂和真空包装的成分探究；金属锈蚀的条件及其防护．【分析】从反应物的颜色为黑色和生成物的颜色为红色进行分析，铁粉能与空气中的氧气、水分发生缓慢氧化生成铁锈，是脱氧保鲜剂，据此进行分析解答．【解答】解：A、还原性铁粉是黑色的粉末，能与空气中的氧气、水分发生缓慢氧化生成红色的铁锈，是脱氧保鲜剂，故选项正确．B、铝粉是银白色的粉末，铝在空气中易氧化生成白色的氧化铝，故选项错误．C、木炭粉在常温下不能与空气中的氧气发生反应，故选项错误．D、氧化铜是黑色的粉末，在常温下不能与空气中的氧气发生反应，故选项错误．故选：A．【点评】本题难度不大，食品干燥剂、保鲜剂的成分探究是化学考查的热点，了解常见化学物质的颜色、铁锈蚀的原理等是正确解答本题的关键．8．人类最早使用的合金是由铜、锡形成的青铜，我国的锡储量占世界第一，明代的《天工开物》记载的炼锡方法基本就是现代的碳还原法，该方程式是SnO2+2C Sn+2CO↑．该反应类型属于（）A．化合反应 B．分解反应 C．复分解反应D．置换反应【考点】反应类型的判定．【分析】根据题意，明代的《天工开物》记载的炼锡方法基本就是现代的碳还原法，该方程式是SnO2+2C Sn+2CO↑，该反应中碳是单质、SnO2是化合物，Sn是单质，CO是化合物，进行分析判断．【解答】解：明代的《天工开物》记载的炼锡方法基本就是现代的碳还原法，该方程式是SnO2+2C Sn+2CO↑，该反应中碳是单质、SnO2是化合物，Sn是单质，CO是化合物，即该反应是一种单质和一种化合物反应生成另一种单质和另一种化合物的反应，属于置换反应．故选：D．【点评】本题难度不大，掌握置换反应的特征（“单化变单化”）并能灵活运用是正确解答本题的关键．9．20℃时，将等质量的a、b两种固体，分别加入到盛有lO0g水的烧杯中，充分搅拌后现象如图甲，升温到50℃时，现象如图乙，a、b两种固体的溶解度曲线如图丙．下列说法正确的是（）A．图丙中M表示b的溶解度曲线B．图甲溶液中溶质的质量分数a大于bC．图乙中a、b溶液一定是不饱和溶液D．30℃时a、b溶液溶质质量分数不相等【考点】固体溶解度曲线及其作用；饱和溶液和不饱和溶液；溶质的质量分数．【分析】根据已有的溶解度曲线的意义进行分析解答，根据溶液中是否含有固体确定溶液是否饱和，根据溶解度曲线结合物质的溶解随温度的变化确定物质的溶解度曲线，据此解答．【解答】解：A、据图可以看出，a物质的溶解度受温度影响变化大，故M表示的是a物质的溶解度曲线，错误；B、图甲中，a中溶解的固体质量小于b中溶解的固体质量，故a的质量分数小于b，错误；C、图乙中，ab全部溶解，形成的是不饱和溶液，正确；D、30℃时，a、b的溶解度相等，若是饱和溶液则溶液溶质质量分数相等，错误；。

白云区2015年初中毕业生学业考试预测（一）化学试题本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分；共8页，满分为100分。

考试时间80分钟。

注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必在答题卡第1页上用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔填写自己的学校、班级、姓名、试室号、座位号、准考证号，再用2B铅笔把准考证号对应的号码标号涂黑。

2．选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮檫干净后，再选涂其他答案；不能答在试卷上。

3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；改动的答案也不能超出指定的区域；不准使用铅笔、圆珠笔和涂改液。

不按以上要求作答的答案无效。

4．考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，将答题卡交回。

可能用到的相对原子质量：H 1 C 12 N 14 O 16 Na 23 Cl 35.5 K 39 Cu 64第一部分选择题（共40分）一、选择题（本题包括20题，每小题2分，共40分）注意：每道选择题有四个选项，期中只有一项符合题意。

请用铅笔在答题卡上作答。

选错、不选、多选或涂改不清的，均不给分。

1．我们生活中的下列变化，不属于化学变化的是A．铝制品表面形成了一层保护膜B．冰川随气温升高开始融化C．大理石雕像出现风化D．鸡蛋久放后变臭了2．下列物品所使用的材料中，属于有机合成材料的是A．钛合金表链B．紫砂壶C．手机塑料外壳D．真丝围巾3．下列物质的用途中，利用其化学性质的是①用天然气作燃料；②用铜丝作导线；③用氢气作火箭推进剂；④干冰用作制冷剂；⑤用焦炭作炼铁原料；⑥用稀有气体作电灯泡灯丝保护气。

A．①②③④B．①③⑤⑥C．②③④⑤D．①②④⑤4．新修订的《环境空气质量标准》增加了PM2.5监测指标，PM2.5是指大气中直径小于或等于2.5微米的可吸入颗粒物。

下列做法不会．．增加可吸入颗粒物的是A．燃放鞭炮B．工厂排放烟尘C．露天焚烧垃圾D．使用太阳能热水器5．下列关于水的说法正确的是A．水、蛋白质和维生素都是人体必需的营养素B．煮沸是将硬水转化成软水的唯一方法C．珠江水经过沉淀、过滤、活性炭吸附等净化处理后，所得的水就是纯水D．大量使用农药、化肥，会造成水体污染，所以应禁止使用农药、化肥6．对物质进行分类研究，是学习化学的重要思想方法。

广大附中2015—2016学年下学期初三一模语文测试卷（问卷）本试卷共8页，分三部分，共23小题，满分150分。

考试用时120分钟。

命题人：侯德清注意事项：1．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答卷上。

2．本卷分“问卷”和“答卷”，学生在答题时必须将答案写在答卷上指定的位置（方框）内，写在其他地方答案无效，问卷上不可以用来答题。

3．考生答题时必须使用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，如用铅笔作答的试题一律以零分计算。

4．答题时不允许使用涂改液、涂改带等进行涂改，如使用该类涂改工具进行涂改的，一律以零分计。

第一部分积累与运用（共34分）一、（6小题，19分）1. 下列词语中，加点字的读音完全正确．．．．的一组是（）（3分）A.迷惘．wǎng/罔．顾wǎng 倒坍．tān/崩塌．tā剽．悍piāo/保镖．biāo 投契．qì/锲．而不舍qiâB.一绺．lǚ/一缕．lǚ赫．然hâ/赦．免shâ炫．耀xuàn/目眩．xuàn 旨．意zhǐ/苦心孤诣．yìC.绮．丽qǐ/倚．靠yǐ啜．泣chuî/辍．学chuî羸．弱yíng/嬴．政yíng 赝．品yīng/义愤填膺．yīngD.冉．冉rǎn/发髯．rǎn 窖．藏jiào/蓬蒿．hāo 鱼鳖．biē/鳌．头áo 嫌恶．â/深恶．痛疾wù2. 下列句子中没有错别字．．．．．的一项是（）（3分）A.只见断壁残桓，满目疮痍，即使春花开得再绚烂，也隐藏不了这片土地的落寞与沧桑。

B.杨修恃才放旷，屡犯曹操禁忌，终于遭到杀身之祸，他的命运不免令后人慨叹。

C.思维模式往往容易让人头脑僵化，甚至不知不觉变得根深缔固，这种人在解决问题时哪里还懂得独僻蹊径呢？D.一推开这扇门，尘世的暄嚣扑面而来，那是灯红酒绿和熙熙嚷嚷的人群混合在一起产生的气息。

广州市第二中学2015学年第二学期一模初三年级英语科目试卷（满分110分）一、语法选择（共15小题，每题1分，共15分）Have you ever felt uncomfortable? Many of __1___ feel uneasy when someone stands too close __2__ us, talks to us too __3__ or makes eye contact with us for too long. But have you ever wondered why those things make you uncomfortable?It’s all about personal peace, which means not only __4__ imaginary space around the body, but also the space around all the ___5___. People feel that their space is being violated(侵犯) when they meet with an unwelcome sound, smell or look. This is probably why a man on a crowded bus shouting into his mobile phone or a woman next to you putting on strong perfume(香水) makes you feel __6___.___7___ people have had a stronger wish to protect their personal space or not in recent times is hard to say. Yet studies of airlines show that people have a strong desire(渴望) to have space to ___8___. In a survey by TripAdvisor, a travel website, people said that if they ___9___ pay more for some extra service, they would rather have larger seats than extra food.Although people may need their personal space, some hardly realize it. For example, people on a bus who hold newspapers __10__their faces to read in fact keep a distance from strangers.Go and watch a library table. You will notice __11__ one of the corner seats will usually __12__ first, because they are the farthest way. What if someone sits __13__ you? Maybe you will pile up books as if to make a wall.Preference(偏好) for personal space are different from culture to culture. Scientists have found that Americans generally prefer more personal space than people from __14__ cultures. In Latin(拉丁人的) cultures, __15__, people are more comfortable standing near each other.1. A. we B. us C. our D. ours2. A. with B. in C. to D. at3. A. loudness B. louder C. loudly D. loudest4. A. a B. an C. the D. /5. A. sense B. senses C. sensing D. sensings6. A. anger B. angry C. angers D. angrily7. A. Whether B. What C. That D. Which8. A. them B. their C. themselves D. they9. A. has to B. have to C. had to D. having to10. A. in the front B. in frontC. in the front ofD. in front of11. A. that B. what C. where D. if12. A. be taken B. be taking C. take D. takes13. A. opposite with B. opposite to C. opposite at D. opposite for14. A. another B. others C. other D. the others15. A. but B. however C. either D. although二．完形填空（共10小题，每题1.5分，共15分）The first time I remember noticing the crossing guard was when he waved to me as I drove my son to school. He __16__ me with a puzzle—all because he waved to me like someone does on seeing a close friend. There was a big, __17__ smile on his face. For the next few days I tried to __18__ his face to see if I knew him. I didn’t. Perhaps he had __19__ me for someone else. By the time I was quite sure that he and I were strangers, we were greeting each other warmly every morning like old friends.Then one day I found out the truth. As I drove near to the school he was standing in the middle of the road __20__ his stop sign, I was in line behind four cars. After the kids had reached the safety of the sidewalk, he lowered his sign and let the cars through. To the first car he waved and smiled in just the same way he had done to me over the last few days. The kids already had the window down and were happily waving their reply. The second car got the same __21__ from the crossing guard, and the driver, a businessman, gave a short wave back. Each of the following car of kids on their way to school responded heartily.Every morning I continued to watch the man with __22__. So far I haven’t seen anyone __23__ to wave back. I find it interesting that one person can make such a(n) __24__ to so many people’s lives by doing one simple thing like waving and smiling warmly. His cheerfulness armed the start of my day. With a friendly wave and smiling face he had changed the __25__ of the whole neighborhood.16. A. hit B. disagreed C. presented D. bored17. A. shy B. false C. funny D. bright18. A. research B. study C. realize D. explain19. A. praised B. respected C. mistaken D. remembered20. A. holding out B. handing in C. putting on D. setting up21. A. idea B. reply C. notice D. greeting22. A. surprise B. interest C. doubt D. hope23. A. fail B. try C. wish D. manage24. A. offer B. promise C. mess D. difference25. A. habits B. expression C. rules D. feelings 三．阅读理解（共20小题，每题2分，共40分）AOne August afternoon, Richard Allen dropped off his last passenger, Mrs. Carey, lifting two grocery bags, he followed her across the yard and stood on the step of her house. Glancing up, he saw a large wasp nest under the roof. Allen had heard that wasps can became more likely to sting in summer. He mentioned this to Mrs. Carey, who had opened the door.“Oh, they don’t bother me,” she said lightly. “I go in and out all the time.”Anxiously, Allen looked at the nest again—to see the wasps flying straight at him. “Hurry!” he shouted to Mrs. Carey. “Get in!”She stepped quickly inside. Allen ran for his mini-bus. Too late; they were upon him. Just as he jumped aboard, half a dozen red spots showed on his arm, and he felt more on his back and shoulders.As he was driving down the road, Allen felt as if something was burning at the back, and the “fire” was spreading forward toward his face. And immediate anxiety took hold of him. Allen knew that stings could cause some persons to die. But he had been stung the previous summer and the after-effects soon passed. However, what he didn’t know was that the first sting had turned his body into a time bomb waiting for the next to set off an explosion.Miles from the nearest medical assistance, Allen began to feel his tongue thick and heavy and his heartbeat louder. Most frightening, he felt his breathing more and more difficult. He reached for the radio mike, trying to call the mini-bus centre, but his words were hardly understandable. Signals were also poor that far out. He knew a rescue team was on 24-hour duty at the Amherst Fire Department’s north station. So his best chance was to make a run for it.Rushing down the mountain, Allen tried not to panic, focusing his mind on each sharp turn. He was almost through the last of them when he felt sure he was going into shock. Just then he reached for the radio mike again.“Call fire station,” he shouted concentrating to form the words. “Emergency. Bee sting. Emergency. There in ten minutes.”“Five-ten,” the center replied.Hold on, Allen thought. Keep your eyes open. Breathe. Keep awake.At last he reached the station. Two firemen ran out. Allen felt their hands grasp him before he hit the ground. You made it, he thought.26.It is mentioned in the passage that wasps are more likely to attack when_______.A. there are huge noisesB. strangers are getting very nearC. the air is filled with food smellD. the hottest season comes around27. Allen didn't know that if stung by wasps again, he would___________.A. have no after-effectsB. suffer from sharper painC. lose his lifeD. became much weaker28. Allen failed at the first time when he tried to send his message to the mini-buscenter because__________.A. he was unable to speak clearlyB. his radio equipment was poorC. he was in a state of shockD. no one was on duty29. Which of the following is NOT true according the story?A. Allen drove to the fire station because he knew there was a rescue team there.B. Allen managed to make his request of help clear though he had difficultytalking by then.C. The mini-bus centre did help in that they got the rescue team ready beforeAllen arrived.D. Allen shouldn’t have looked at the wasps when he helped Mrs. Carey.30. Which would be the best title for the passage?A. Allen, a Helpless DriverB. Wasps, Bloody KillersC. A Race against DeathD. War against WaspsB"The world's oceans are slowly getting more acidic,” say scientists. The researchers from California report that the change is taking place in response to higher levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.The lowering of the waters’ PH value is not great at the moment but could cause a serious threat to current ocean life if it continues, they warn. Ken Caldeira and Michael Wickett, from the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, report their concerns in the journal Nature.Increasing use of oil fuels means more carbon dioxide is going into the air, and most of it will eventually be absorbed by sea water. Once in the water, it reacts to form carbonic acid. Scientists believe that the oceans have already become slightly more acidic over the last century.These researchers have tried to predict what will happen in the future by combining what we know about the history of the oceans with computer models of climate change．"This level of acidity will get much more extreme in the future if we continue releasing CO2 into the atmosphere," said Dr Caldeira. "And we predict the amount of future acidity will exceed anything we have seen over the last several hundred million years, let alone perhaps after rare disasters such as asteroid impacts．”However, it is not absolutely clear what that means for ocean life．Most organisms live near the surface, where the greatest PH change would be expected to occur, but deep-ocean life forms may be more sensitive to PH changes．Coral reefs(珊瑚礁) and other organisms whose shells contain calcium carbonate may be particularly affected if the water's acidity levels keep going up, the team predict. They could find it much more difficult to build these structures in water with a lower PH.In recent years some people have suggested storing carbon dioxide from power stations in the deep ocean as a way of dealing with global warming．But Dr Caldeira said that such a strategy should now be re-considered. "Previously, most experts had looked at ocean absorption of carbon dioxide as a good thing-because in releasing CO2 into the atmosphere we warm the planet, and when CO2, is absorbed by theoce an, it reduces the amount of greenhouse warming.”31. The ocean is becoming more acidic due to___________.A. the lower water PH valueB. the warming atmosphereC. the higher level of CO2 in the airD. the increasing use of oil fuels32. According to Dr Caldeira,__________ .A. ocean absorption of carbon dioxide is a good thingB. more oil fuels will be used in the near futureC. scientists may predict climate changes with computer modelsD. the future situation of the amount of acidity is extremely serious33. If the water's acidity level keeps rising,_________ .A. ocean life whose structures contain calcium carbonate may be affectedB. the waters’ PH value will become higher and higherC. organisms living near the surface are more sensitive to PH changesD. some disasters will occur more often than before34. What does the underlined word “acidic” probably mean?A. 污染的B. 酸的C. 复杂的D. 温暖的35. The purpose of this passage is to_________ .A. show people the findings of a research teamB. inform people of how acid the ocean is nowC. introduce Dr Caldeira and his team's researchD. warn people of the higher acidity level in the seaCJames Cleveland Owens was the son of a farmer and the grandson of black slaves. His family moved to Cleveland when he was 9. There, a school teacher asked the youth his name.“J. C.,” he replied.She thought he had said “Jesse”, and he had a new name.Owens ran his first race at age 13. After high school, he went to Ohio State University. He had to work part time so as to pay for his education. As a second-year student, in the Big Ten games in 1935, he set even more records than he would in the Olympic Games a year later.A week before the Big Ten meet, Owens accidentally fell down the stairs. His back hurt so much that he could not exercise all week, and he had to be helped in and out of the car that drove him to the meet. He refused to listen to the suggestions that he give up and said he would try, event by event. He did try, and the results are in the record book.The stage was set for Owens’ victory at the Olympic Games in Berlin the next year, and his success would come to be regarded as not only athletic but also political. Hitler did not congratulate any of the African-American winners.“It was all right with me,” he said years later. “I didn’t go to Berlin to shake hands with him, anyway.”Having returned from Berlin, he received no telephone calls from the president of his own country, either. In fact, he was not honored by the United States until 1976, four years before his death.Owens’ Olympic victories made little difference to him. He earned his living by looking after a school playground, and accepted money to race against cars, trucks, motorcycles, and dogs.“Sure, it bothered me,” he said later. “But at least it was an hone st living. I had to eat.”In time, however, his gold medals changed his life. “They have kept me alive over the years,” he once said. “Time has stood still for me. That golden moment dies hard.”36. Owens got his other name when __________.A. he went to Ohio State UniversityB. his teacher made fun of himC. his teacher took “J. C.” for “Jesse”D. he won gold medals in the Games 37．In the Big Ten meet, Owens _________.A. hurt himself in the backB. was weak but determined to winC. tried every sports event but failedD. had to give up some events 38．Owens received no telephone calls from the president because _________.A. he was not of the right raceB. he was the son of a poor farmerC. he didn’t shake hands with HitlerD. he refused to listen to the suggestions that he give up39. Which of the following shows the correct order of James’ life?a. James worked part time to get the fee for schoolb. He was honored by the USc. He got success at the Olympic Gamesd. James set many records in Big Ten Gamese. He went to Cleveland with his familyf. Owens fell down and hurt his backA. a,e,f,d,b,cB. e,a,d,f,b,cC. a,e,d,f,c,bD. e,a,f,d,c,b40. What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph probably mean?A. They have made him famous in the USB. They have been changed for money to help him live onC. They have encouraged him to overcome difficulties in lifeD. They have kept him busy with all kinds of jobsDItalian Lakes and Greek Islands (12 Days)Prices starting from＄1,999Your tour begins in Milan, Italy, and moves on to the pretty Italian Lake District and the attractive resort of Stresa, your home for two nights. Collette Vacations has carefully chosen the Costa Victoria as your home away from home for your 7—night journey along the waterways of the Mediterranean. The cruise ship is filled with the warmth and culture of Italy and is richly designed with entertainment areas and very good living conditions. It will take you to the places of your dreams.You’ll spend 4days touring Greek cities you’ve always heard about. In Katakolon, you will have the only unguided tour to nearby Olympia on the whole journey. Then with a local guide you will visit the Greek islands of Santorini, which is often related to the story of the lost city of Atlantis, and Mykonos, a wonderful island with beautiful beaches.Your journey ends in Verona, home of the love story Romeo and Juliet, with a fun—filled farewell dinner—a perfect ending to a pleasant journey.12 Days, 25Meals: 10 Breakfasts, 6 Lunches, 9 DinnersDay 1 Overnight flight to ItalyDays2—3 Regina Palace, Stresa, ItalyDays4—10 Costa Victoria ( Costa cruises)Day 11 Hotel Leopardi, Verona, ItalyDay12 Leave for home41．How is the journey planned?A．It starts and ends in Italy. B．It starts and ends in Greece.C．It starts in Italy and ends in Greece. D．It starts in Greece and ends in Italy. 42．What can be inferred from the travel plan?A．The prices include entertainment service.B．The prices include three meals a day.C．The price is the highest in summer.D．Tourists may think of a love story while visiting Santorini.43. Bob plans to take the 12-day trip with his parents in winter, how much do theyneed to pay?A. $5997B.$6927C.$6297D. $659744．What does the underlined part “ the Costa Victoria” most probably refer to?A．A famous hotel. B．A beautiful resort.C．A comfortable ship. D．A long—distance bus. 45．Tourists will travel on their own in .A．Stresa B．Olympia C．Mykonos D．Verona四．阅读填空（共5小题，每题1分，共5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

2015学年第二学期九年级语文检测参考答案一、（6小题，20分）1.【语音识记】（3分）B.è huì（A.hánɡ /xínɡ xiè/xiēC.wǎnɡ/mǎnɡ qiǎnɡD.jué/jiáo jié）2.【字形识记】（3分）D (A．粗制滥．造险象迭．生 B通宵．达旦 C．断章取义．坦荡如砥． )3.【词语辨析】（3分）C4.【病句辨析】（3分）A．（B．语序不当，应是“发行量第一、订阅量第一、零售量第一”；C．“旨在”的意思就是“目的在于”与“达到……的目的”句式杂糅，应删去“达到”“的目的”；D主语残缺，去掉“通过”。

）5.【语言得体】（3分）D6.【语言运用】（5分）（1）调查显示，多数学生与父母有代沟。

（或调查显示，学习成了多数学生与父母沟通的唯一话题。

）（2分）（2）学生以学业为主，父母关心成绩没错；但我们的成长路上不仅只有学习成绩，强健身体、培养兴趣、磨砺意志、塑造品格等都应该成为交流的话题。

（3分）二、（2小题，15分）7.【古诗文默写】（10分）（1）B E（A. 应为“杨花落尽子规啼，闻道龙标过五溪．．．．．．．”．．．．．．．。

我寄愁心与明月，随．风直到夜郎西。

C. 应是“水是眼波横．．．，欲问行人那边？眉眼盈盈处。

”D.应为“何时．．．，山是眉峰聚眼前突兀．．．．见此屋”；F. 应为“无案牍．之劳形”。

）[4分。

一项2分。

多选不给分。

]（2）①江春入旧年。

②居庙堂之高则忧其民。

③柳暗花明又一村。

④沉舟侧畔千帆过。

⑤只恐双溪舴艋舟。

⑥曾益其所不能。

[4分。

一空1分。

错、漏、多、少一个字，此小题不得分。

]（3）①乱花渐欲迷人眼，浅草才能没马蹄。

②忽如一夜春风来，千树万树梨花开。

[2分。

一空1分。

]8.【文言词语积累】（5分）（1）谢：道歉；（2）信：通“伸”，伸张；（3）蹴：用脚踢；（4）相：动词，做宰相；（5）数：屡次[5分。