2020届 二轮复习专项完型填空解题学案

专题三完形填空策略综述解题流程第一步通读全文，细读首句对于完形填空，很多考生存在一个解题误区，即上来就做题。

事实上，在不理解文章大意的前提下去做题，其结果会是不断修正，既浪费了时间又不能保证正确率。

因此，考生首先要通读全文去掌握大意，而多数情况下细读首句又是了解主旨最有效的方式。

第二步边读边填，先易后难完形填空中有一半的题目都是基础送分题，也就是我们上面提到的句内层次题。

这些题目完全可以根据掌握的文章大意和内容梗概，再结合一些基础语法常识或凭借语感顺势得出答案。

随着空缺越来越少，文意会越来越凸显，此时我们便可结合群信息，去解答句组层次题。

第三步复核验证，敲定答案完形填空中总有两三道较难的题目，这类题目的解题信息不局限于某一句或某一句群，而是分散在某一段或某几段甚至是全篇中，这就是我们说的语篇层次题。

此类试题要求考生理解全篇、理清脉络，明确作者的写作意图、思想情感，必须从全局出发去解答。

因此，考生应在以上两步的基础上去复读全文，验证推敲，最终去确定所有答案。

解题技巧一、利用文章首句解题完形填空的首句往往不设空，是一个完整的句子。

通过细读首句，可以判断文章体裁，预测文章大意和主旨，对解题非常关键。

[典例] (2016·北京高考)It was a cold January in 1925 in Nome, Alaska. The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow.On the 20th of that month, Dr Welch __36__ a sick boy, Billy, and knew he had diphtheria, a deadly infectious (传染的) disease mainly affecting children. The children of Nome would be __37__ if it struck the town. Dr Welch needed medicine as soon as possible to stop other kids from getting sick. __38__， the closest supply was over 1,000 miles away, in Anchorage.36．A.examined B．warnedC．interviewed D．cured37．A.harmless B．helplessC．fearless D．careless38．A.Moreover B．ThereforeC．Otherwise D．However解析36.A 根据下文“knew he had diphtheria”可知，医生给小男孩做了检查。

高考二轮复习英语学案--专题完形填空（含答案）【典例精析】 A（2020.北京卷）完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

James’s New BicycleJames shook his money box again. Nothing! He carefully __36__ the coins that lay on the bed. $24.52 was all that he had. The bicycle he wanted was at least $90! __37__ on earth was he going to get the __38__ of the money?He knew that his friends all had bicycles. It was __39__ to hang around with people when you were the only one without wheels. He thought about what he could do. There was no __40__ asking his parents, for he knew they had no money to __41__.There was only one way to get money, and that was to __42__ it. He would have to find a job. __43__ who would hire him and what could he do? He decided to ask Mr. Clay for advice, who usually had __44__ on most things.“Well, you can start right here,” said Mr. Clay. “My windows need cleaning and my car needs washing.”That was the __45__ of James’s odd-job（零工） business. For three months he worked every day after finishing his homework. He was amazed by the __46__ ofjobs that people found for him to do. He took dogs and babies for walks, cleared out cupboards, and mended books. He lost count of the __47__ of cars he washed and windows he cleaned, but the __48__ increased and he knew that he would soon have __49__ for the bicycle he longed for.The day __50__ came when James counted his money and found $94.32. He __51__ no time and went down to the shop to pick up the bicycle he wanted. He rode __52__ home, looking forward to showing his new bicycle to his friends. It had been hard __53__ for the money, but James knew that he valued his bicycle far more __54__ he had bought it with his own money. He had __55__what he thought was impossible, and that was worth even more than the bicycle.36. A. cleaned B. covered C. counted D. checked37. A. How B. Why C. Who D. What38. A. amount B. part C. sum D. rest39. A. brave B. hard C. smart D. unfair40. A. point B. reason C. result D. right41. A. split B. spend C. spare D. save42. A. borrow B. earn C. raise D. collect43. A. Or B. So C. For D. But44. A. decisions B. experience C. opinions D. knowledge45. A. beginning B. introduction C. requirement D. opening46. A. similarity B. quality C. suitability D. variety47. A. brand B. number C. size D. type48. A. effort B. pressure C. money D. trouble49. A. all B. enough C. much D. some50. A. finally B. instantly C. normally D. regularly51. A. gave B. left C. took D. wasted52. A. patiently B. proudly C. silently D. tiredly53. A. applying B. asking C. looking D. working54. A. since B. if C. than D. though55. A. deserved B. benefited C. achieved D. learned答案和解析：36.【解析】C为了买自行车，作者在数自己的钱。

专题二完形填空[江苏高考完形填空近五年考情统计]年份体裁选项设置词汇复现语境暗示背景常识和生活常识固定搭配逻辑关系2020 记叙文 3 9 3 3 2 2020 记叙文 3 11 3 2 1 2020 记叙文 3 10 2 2 3 2020 夹叙夹议文 6 9 2 2 1 2020 记叙文 2 12 1 4 1 [命题分析]从上表中可以看出，江苏高考完形填空题设空以上下文情景题和固定搭配题为主，文化情景题以及语法与逻辑题为辅；注重在语境中考查词义及搭配。

四个选项基本上属同一词类、相同语义范畴，选择时要求上下文通篇考虑。

在复习中，要培养扎实的词汇和语法功底，注意词汇的一词多义和常用搭配，平时注意积累并背诵实词的特定搭配及与其他形近词或意近词的辨析；要强化限时阅读训练，逐渐提高阅读速度，在训练中培养读文能力和根据文章的整体结构、上下文语境、词语搭配和同类词语差异等方面来理解文章的解题能力。

完形填空题的发展趋势是语言运用与情景交际融为一体，因此在复习中还要加强对语言的实际运用能力的培养和训练。

对于完形填空题，很多考生存在一个解题误区：不先通读一遍文章，上来就做题。

在不理解文意的情况下，做题就只能是“只见树木，不见森林”。

脱离开语篇这个大语境，其结果是不断地涂改、不断地修正，既浪费了时间，又导致出错率大增。

所以，无论考场时间多紧，也要坚持用一分钟的时间大体浏览一下全文再做题。

否则，省掉一分钟，可能悔一生。

一篇挖去20个空格的完形填空，要想耐着性子把残缺不全的文章读完，的确需要很强的定力和高度集中的注意力。

怎样读文才高效，下面给大家介绍一下读文的方法和技巧。

一、读文抓要点，不必过于求全读文时要克服一个错误心态——必须理清弄明。

对于一篇挖去20个空格的短文，再加上考场时间的紧迫性，要完成这样的细读任务是不可能的，再者说，也没有这个必要。

初读文章只要明白了大意(who, when, where, what)，掌握了梗概，总体把握了文章内容、结构、时态和语态变化，情节的展开，结果的形成，就达到了目的，完成了任务。

专题四 完形填空分析近三年全国卷高考英语试题我们不难发现，完形填空的文章体裁主要是记叙文和夹叙夹议文(偶尔为说明文或议论文)。

内容主要是传播知识，传递正能量，可读性较强。

完形填空设题有三个层面：1.句子层面(较易)，即答题时只需考虑设空所在句的句意便可得出答案；2.句组层面(中等难度)，即答题时需要弄清楚前后几个句子才能找出答案；3.语篇层面(较难)，即答题时必须通览全文，从整体角度考虑才能得出正确答案。

一、四大方法速判句内层面题句内层面题的解题信息分布在本句内，在读懂文意的前提下，利用本句的一些解题信息就可直接做答。

对于此类题目，考生可以边读边填，将原文信息尽量复原。

方法1 利用习惯搭配及固定结构解题完形填空中经常会考查一些习惯搭配、固定结构和固定句式，这时考生就需要运用习惯搭配及固定结构来解题。

[典例] (2019·全国Ⅰ)Mountainsare51asspiritualplacesbymanycultures. 51．A.studied B ．observed C ．exploredD ．regarded分析：考查固定搭配。

regard...as...把……看作，认为……是，符合语境。

句意为：在许多文化中，山被认为是精神圣地。

study 研究；observe 观察；explore 探索。

故选D 。

方法2 利用生活常识和文化背景解题完形填空的语篇中往往渗透着诸如文化科学、历史地理、风俗民情等方面的知识。

考生在做题时，若能积极地调动自己掌握的文化背景知识和生活常识，巧妙地加以运用，特别是注意中西方文化的差异，将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程，节省宝贵的时间，从而轻松地做出正确的判断。

[典例] (2019·全国Ⅱ)Jeffhad54inIowabeforeThanksgivingwithhisdog，Rosie，butthegunshotshadscaredthedogoff.Jeffsearched55.invainforRosieinthenextfourdays. 54．A.hunted B．skiedC．lived D．worked分析：这道题可以利用生活常识和文化背景解题。

2019-2020学年英语二轮复习完形填空1、On August 26, 1999, New York City was struck by a terrible rainstorm. The rain caused the streets 1 and the subway system almost came to a stop.Unfortunately, this happened during the morning rush hour. Many people who were going to work were 2 to go home. Some battled to 3 a taxi or to get on a bus. Still others faced the 4 bravely, walking miles to get to work.I 5 to be one of people on the way to work that morning. I went from subway line to subway line only to find that most 6 had stopped. After making my way 7 crowds of people. I finally found a subway line thatwas 8 . Unfortunately, there were so many people waiting to 9 the subway that I could not even get down the stairs to the 10 . So I took the train going in the opposite direction, and then switched back to the downtown train. Finally, after what seemed like forever, the train 11 my stop. Then I had to walk several blocks in the increasingly heavy rain. When I got to my office, I was 12 through, exhausted and 13 .My co-workers and I spend most of the day drying off. When it was 5:00 pm, I was ready to go home. I was about to turn off my computer 14 I received an email from Garth, my Director:I would like to thank all of you who made the effort and 15 reported to work. It is always reassuring (令人欣慰), at times like these, when employees so clearly show their 16 to their jobs. Thank you.Garth’s email was short, but I learned more from that 17 message than I ever did from a textbook. The email taught me that a few words of 18 can make a big difference. The rainstorm and the traffic 19 had made me tired and upset. But Garth’s words immediately 20 me and put a smile back on my face.1.A.break B.flood C.sink D.crash2.A.forced B.refused C.adjusted D.gathered3.A.order B.pay C.call D.search4.A.climate B.scenery C.storm D.burdened B.promised C.deserved D.happened6.A.practice B.routine C.process D.service7.A.to B.through C.over D.for8.A.operating B.cycling C.turning D.rushing9.A.check B.carry C.find D.board10.A.street B.ground C.floor D.platform11.A.paused B.crossed C.reached D.parked12.A.wet B.weak C.sick D.hurt13.A.ashamed B.discouraged C.surprised D.puzzled14.A.while B.when C.where D.after15.A.hardly B.casually C.absolutely D.eventually16.A.devotion B.donation C.connection D.reaction17.A.accurate B.urgent C.brief D.humorous18.A.promise B.appreciation C.advice D.guidance19.A.troubles B.signals C.rules D.signs20.A.corrected B.supported C.amazed D.refreshed2、阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

2020届高中英语二轮复习完型填空（1）1、There are lots of ways to raise awareness for a cause. Usually, the 1 the idea is, the more it gets noticed. And that’s precisely why one 2 Frenchman has caught our attention.Baptiste Dubanchet is biking across Europe, surviving 3 on discarded(丢弃)food. The three-month, 1 900-mile journey from Paris to Warsaw is Dubanchet’s 4 of raising awareness of food waste in Europe and throughout the world.As you can 5 , the trip is no piece of cake. While restaurants 6 tons of food each year, much of it remains inaccessible because of 7 garbage containers, health regulations, or business policies. Only about one in ten places 8 him food that would otherwise be discarded.For legal 9 , most restaurants have a policy against 10 food waste. "Some people have even 11 their jobs by giving me food," Dubanchet said.What's 12 interesting is the attitude various cities have toward Dubanche t’s cause. Berlin has been the 13 while the most difficult was the Czech town of Pilsen. There, he had to 14 at some 50 different stores or restaurants before finding food. The 15 is all the more serious when you consider the 16 exercise required to bike from France to Poland."I have to get food 17 because after all the biking I am tired and I need the 18 ."Dubanchet explained. "Is my 19 full or empty? That is the most important thing, not what I am eating."He aims to 20 his journey by mid-July. With any luck, he’ll turn a few more heads in the process.1.A.cleverer B.older C.stranger D.simpler2.A.garbage-eating B.sports-loving C.food-wasting w-breaking3.A.secretly B.finally C.entirely D.probably4.A.purpose B.way C.opinion D.dream5.A.observe B.imagine C.suggest D.remember6.A.store B.cook C.shop for D.throw away7.A.locked B.damaged C.connected D.abandoned8.A.bought B.offered C.ordered D.sold9.A.reasons B.rights C.fees D.aids10.A.begging for B.giving away C.hiding D.causing11.A.did B.kept C.accepted D.risked12.A.hardly ually C.particularly D.merely13.A.easiest B.nearest C.biggest D.richest14.A.work B.shout C.ask D.jumppetition B.conversation C.conflict D.challenge16.A.adequate B.rewarding C.demanding D.suitable17.A.again B.alone ter D.fast18.A.spirit B.energy C.time D.effort19.A.stomach B.hand C.pocket D.basket20.A.arrange B.restart C.report D.finish2、阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

第1模块完形填空考纲解读完形填空是一种综合测试，涉及的知识面很广，是用来测试考生的阅读理解能力和综合应用语言的能力。

具体表现在以下几个方面：(1)词语辨析能力(2)语法结构分析能力(3)语篇理解能力(4)逻辑推理能力(5)文化背景透析能力(6)作者意图剖析能力(7)生活常识综合运用能力命题分析完形填空在选材上主要以记叙文、夹叙夹议型的文章为主，伴之以说明文和议论文。

所选材料源于生活，时代感强，语言地道，内容健康，情节丰富，寓意深刻，常涉及人物的心理活动描写，集知识、文化、教育和娱乐为一体，具有极强的可读性。

词数大多在250—300，难度低于阅读理解部分的文段。

近年来的完形填空试题在选项的设置上越来越淡化语法结构，重在文意的干扰，即把具体的语言知识溶进具体的语言情景中去，考查考生通过上下文的前后提示或暗示，对整体文意进行把握的能力。

这种考查方式所占的比例较大，且难度也大，若单纯从句子或个别段落来分析，或许所给的四个选项在语法和结构上都是正确的，若放在全局，则不一定正确。

因此，快速浏览全文，领悟文章主旨，通过上下文的语境来选择正确答案是解决这类题的关键。

以下是广东省最近三年高考自主命题的完形填空的命题特点以及实词考查对照表：应试点睛完形填空考查的内容和范围1．主要考查的词类完形填空题突出考查考生对篇章的整体理解和对语境的理解，而在文章中只有实词才能较好地突出词汇的语境化。

细读近两年的考试大纲和研究近三年的高考试题后，我们可以得知，广东卷完形填空只考查实词，主要是名词、动词(包括动词短语)、形容词、副词等。

同时，每小题的四个选项均属同一词类或同一语法形式。

若四个选项都是名词，那么都是单数名词或复数名词或是不可数名词；若四个选项都是形容词或副词，要么都是原级，要么都是比较级，要么都是最高级；如果都是动词，那么四个选项要么都是及物动词或不及物动词，要么都是­ing形式或­ed 形式，要么都是动词原形。