丹尼尔笛福英文简介

笛福简介一、背景介绍笛福（Daniel Defoe）是英国18世纪的一位著名作家和记者。

他是英国文学史上最重要的早期小说家之一，被誉为“小说之父”。

笛福以其描写真实生活和社会问题的作品而闻名，对英国小说发展产生了深远影响。

二、生平经历1. 出生和早年笛福的原名是丹尼尔·福（Daniel Foe），生于1660年在英国伦敦。

他出生在一个富商家庭，家庭环境优越。

他接受了良好的教育，学习了文学、语言和商业等多个领域的知识。

2. 商人生涯笛福在成年后选择了从商，他曾在父亲的经商公司工作，但不幸的是，这个公司后来破产了。

之后，笛福开设了自己的贸易公司，并参与了包括航海贸易在内的多个商业活动。

这段商人生涯为他后来写作提供了丰富的素材和经验。

3. 政治参与除了商界，笛福还积极参与政治活动。

他是一名自由主义者，持有强烈的个人自由和言论自由观念。

他在伦敦市议会担任了几年的职务，并尝试为自由主义和民主价值观发声。

4. 文学事业尽管笛福参与了许多商业和政治活动，但他最著名的贡献还是在文学领域。

他的第一本著作是关于商业的书籍，但并没有获得太大的关注。

然而，他在1719年出版的《鲁滨逊漂流记》（Robinson Crusoe）将他推上了文学巅峰。

这本小说讲述了一个男人在荒岛上的生活经历，以及他如何适应并最终成功生活下来的故事。

这本小说至今仍被视为经典之作，影响了后来的许多作家。

此外，笛福还写过其他几部著名的小说，包括《大流行时期的日记》（A Journal of the Plague Year）和《罗克荒》（Moll Flanders）。

这些作品描绘了当时的社会和人性，具有很高的艺术价值和思想深度。

5. 逝世与遗产笛福于1731年去世，享年71岁。

他在文学领域的贡献被广泛认可，并对后世的文学发展产生了深远的影响。

他的作品被翻译成多种语言，并广泛传播至世界各地。

三、对文学的影响作为小说之父，笛福对英国小说的发展做出了重要贡献。

丹尼尔·笛福德的简介
丹尼尔·笛福（Daniel Defoe，1660年5月6日—1731年4月24日），17—18世纪英国作家。

1660年5月6日，出生于伦敦圣盖尔斯街。

1671年，开始在詹姆斯·费希尔牧师在萨里郡的道尔金开办的学校读书。

1674年，开始在主教查尔斯·莫顿在纽温顿格林村主办的学校读书。

1681年，完成第一部作品论著《冥想》。

1683年，开始从事商业活动。

1688年，参加光荣革命。

1695年，被任命为皇家彩票事务负责人。

1697年，出版论著《计划论》。

1701年，出版长诗《地道的英国人》。

1702年，出版论著《对付新教徒最直截了当的办法》。

1703年，创作诗歌《立枷颂》。

1704年，开始独立主办《评论》杂志。

1705年，创作行旅小说《团结》。

1709年，完成历史记录《大不列颠联合王国史》。

1719年，出版长篇小说《鲁滨逊漂流记》。

1720年，完成历史小说《骑士回忆录》《辛格顿船长》《鲁滨逊漂流记的回想》。

1722年，出版小说《摩尔·弗兰德斯》《杰克上校》《大疫年日记》。

1724年，出版小说《罗克萨娜》。

1725年，出版小说《英国商人手册》。

1731年4月24日，逝世于伦敦居所，葬于本希尔公墓。

丹尼尔笛福英文简介导读：本文是关于丹尼尔笛福英文简介，希望能帮助到您！丹尼尔·笛福简介Daniel Defoe (1660 ~ 1731), British writer. British Enlightenment era realism rich novels founder, known as the "father of the novel", "the father of British novels" and "the father of the British newspaper" and so on. His works are readable. Believe in protestant William III. His representative "Robinson Crusoe", optimistic and brave Robinson through the efforts, by virtue of wisdom and courage to overcome the difficulties, the performance of the pursuit of adventure, advocate personal struggle of the social atmosphere.丹尼尔·笛福人物生平Daniel Defoe (1660 ~ 1731), British novelist, founder of the British Enlightenment era of realism novels, known as the "father of European novels." Was born in the British capital of London, father camp slaughtering industry (one that is oil candle business), so instead chose to do business. He travel extensively, operating underwear in the early years, tobacco and alcohol, wool fabric, brick industry, went to the mainland business.In 1684, Defoe married a daughter of a wine business, got the woman's home worth 3700 pounds of dowry. He strokes his brother andbrother and brother as a partner to start a small department store trading. In addition, it is still doing business in Europe, often making wine trade to increase revenue. However, he followed the puritan principle in the "drunken" business, against the sale of gin and the usual spirits.In 1685 Defoe attended the rebellion of the Duke of Monmouth against the Catholic kings.In 1688 the Dutch believe in protestant William led his army to land in England, inherited the British throne, Defoe participated in his army.In 1692 he was bankrupt, debt amounted to 17,000 pounds, and later failed, and thus had to use a variety of ways to make a living. He has acted as a secret intelligence officer of the government, designed various development undertakings, and engaged in writing.In 1698 he published "on the development", to promote highway construction, bank, bankruptcy law, set up crazy homes, do water and fire insurance, levy income tax, school and so on.In 1701 he published a satirical poem "real British", that there is no purebred British, against the aristocratic Catholic forces, for the foreign faith in protestant William III defense. This song is printed with version 9.1702 issued a political theory "to eliminate the different sects of the shortcut", with irony, against the national religion oppression of different sects, clever writing, began to be seen isagainst Christians, after being found, by the fine and jail punishment, imprisonment 6 Month, flog three times, but by the people of London as a hero. In the prison he imitated the Greek poet pinarross's song to write a "lie" (1703), satirical law unfairly.In 1704, Daniel Defoe won the "Review" magazine for Whig's party leader Harry, which was supported by Harry's England-Scottish coalition policy. After 11 years he has been between England and Scotland, as Harry and his successor Toli pie Gordorfen secret intelligence officer, to collect public opinion. During this period, he wrote a short term imprisonment, but never terminated for the Whig party in power to collect intelligence, newspaper, write articles.Defoe began writing novels at the age of 59. In 1719 the first novel, "Robinson Crusoe" published, popular, he succeeded in shaping the image of an idealized bourgeois, in the history of European novels is a pioneering work. The same year and published a sequel.1720 and wrote "Robinson's pensive set." Since then, he has written several novels: "Captain Singleton" "Moore Flanders" "Colonel Jack" and so on. In addition, he also wrote a number of biographies, such as "deaf man Campbell", "peter Emperor Ji", several domestic and foreign travel, such as "New Global Travel" "Roberts Captain four travel" and so on. His novel to "Robinson Crusoe" spread the most widely, is considered his masterpiece.It is said that Flute has been associated with 26 magazines, some people call him "the father of modern news reports." His works,including a large number of political books, a total of 250 species, and both are the need to develop the development of the bourgeoisie, write the city middle class interested and concerned about the issue. (1722), written in 1665 London plague, the occurrence of the plague, the spread of the plague, the plague of the plague, the plague of the plague, It caused terror and panic, as well as the number of deaths, the situation of the escape was written as immersive. At that time the French Marseille plague epidemic, causing people's special attention, Defoe's work to meet the public's curiosity on plague.After the "Robinson Crusoe", he wrote some excellent works, including "Moore Flanders" and "Colonel Jack", which were classified as British literary classics."Robinson Crusoe" best-selling prompted him to write "Robinson Crusoe sequel", he let his hero made a global travel, Robinson's most journey is starting from Beijing, across Siberia to Russia Hangeersk. He has not been to China, but in the sequel talked about the time the European people do not know Heilongjiang.Defoe was too comfortable in his later years, and wrote a few books, some creditors have died, he sold a small brick factory with a small amount of money back to other people's debt, still not far from London to purchase A suite. However, he also has ups and downs, and creditors live in harmony, and could not expect a creditor's widow made a new lawsuit, the judicial machine again spin up, he was to avoid the property was confiscated, the housing and property transferto his son The His son is a capable journalist, who wants him or a villain. Defoe wrote: "I put myself in his subordinate position, trust him, entrusted him to other children who have no living security, and he has not even compassionate, tortured the children, tortured himself The unfortunate mother, who lived a very rich life.The flute of the seventies had to hide from the debt, and he had rented rooms in the center of London's old town.On the day of the 1731 day, the London Courier reported that the evening of the evening, the famous Daniel Defoe died in his own apartment in the Canakan Boulevard. The British love to write their own pretense, written cute, witty and brief. Defoe also wrote that he wanted to write on his tombstone: "Daniel Defoe". But they are another consideration, they wrote on his tombstone: "Daniel Defoe:" Robinson Crusoe "author.丹尼尔·笛福人物评价Defoe lives in the period of capitalist development, he belongs to the bourgeoisie, he is the middle class bourgeois spokesperson.Defoe life is most concerned about the development of capitalism, he strongly praised the bourgeoisie, he believes that the core issue of a country's development is the development of trade. "Give us trade is to give us everything", "trade is the world's prosperous life", which is his most fundamental proposition. Because he thought that trade made the manufacturing and maritime industry development, so that people have work, there are clothing to wear, have food,materials and therefore can maintain high prices, and can maintain a high rent, so the upper society also benefit. As long as there are hard-working people to develop trade, any place will flourish. All his economic works and some political works have played this proposition, put forward a number of specific recommendations. Defarge's idea of developing the economy is conducive to the development of the British society, but he enthusiastically supports the colonial system, proposes to seize and operate the colonies, propose ways to expand trade with backward countries, and embrace slaves. All this shows his class limitations.Defoe was so disgusted with the aristocrats who were proud of the door, and he tried to celebrate the bourgeoisie, not the upper class, and criticized the "gentleman" who looked down on "civilians". He said that the ancestor of the people is working. He stressed that businessmen are useful people, and gentlemen change businessmen, businessmen change the gentleman is a reasonable thing, and so on. praised his class, he in the "Rosanna" where there is a paragraph of the most obvious:Baron Robert and my view of the businessman is exactly the same. Baron Robert said - I think he is perfectly correct - an authentic businessman is the best gentleman in the country, both in knowledge, in the ritual or in judgment, the businessman is stronger than many nobles. Once they control the world, although there is no real estate, but also rich than the real estate of the gentleman.Defoe's attitude towards the working people is twofold. He believes that the root of the crime is poor, rich people are not guilty. Moore Flanders and Rohsana are embraced by the glorious path, because of poverty, so he is also sympathetic to the two characters. He advocated the development of industry and commerce to make the people work. But on the other hand, he was the workers working long time, low wages, underage children will work and other brutal exploitation of the phenomenon as a matter of course. This is the employer's point of view.Defoe accepted Locke's political thought, opposes despotism, and advocates civil rights. At that time the British parliament was the upper echelon of politicians fighting infighting places, bribing and all kinds of dirty means of public. Workers, peasants and the petty bourgeoisie are not represented at all. Defoe advocates that the basic right of man is that no one, including the king, the cabinet, and the congress, can not be violated. "The British are neither kings nor slaves of Congress." Defoe advocated freedom of religious belief, although the British did not like France, Spain, as in the religious issue of extreme autocracy, but the religion outside the protestant denominations and Catholic believers are also a variety of restrictions. He is a non-state religion protestant, who is a petty bourgeoisie who demands a political system that is in line with the "revolutionary principle" and demands freedom of belief. Defoe is the spokesman for this faction. He argues that the people should beeducated and advocated for women to be educated.In general, the thought of Defoe was progressive at the time, but the limitations of his thought were great. The bourgeoisie was still a progressive class and still struggled against feudal forces. Conservative aristocrats, landlords do not produce, sit huge rent income, the bourgeoisie organized large-scale industrial and commercial promotion of social development.The petty bourgeoisie, on the one hand, has the same place as the big bourgeoisie, and on the other, with the ruling class big bourgeoisie and aristocrats, and demand more liberal politics. Therefore, Defoe's views on the development of capitalism, against feudal forces, against political undemocratic, and against monopolies are all progressive. But he was subject to the constraints of the times and class prejudice and colonial system and racial discrimination, which is consistent with the big bourgeoisie, is reactionary. To the working people, he is only concerned with making them work and producing wealth, which coincides with the demands of capitalism. Defoe thought on this duality, clearly manifested in his literary works.Defoe is deeply understood by the characters he describes, and he is good at writing individuals to overcome difficulties in an unfavorable environment. His hero is intelligent, energetic, unbelief, believe in "common sense". plot, structure does not fall ax chisel trace. He is particularly good at describing theenvironment, the details of the fidelity, fictional scene written so that people as immersive.Defoe was so disgusted with the aristocrats who were proud of the door, and he tried to celebrate the bourgeoisie, not the upper class, and criticized the "gentleman" who looked down on "civilians". He said that the ancestor of the people is working. He stressed that businessmen are useful people, and gentlemen change businessmen, businessmen change the gentleman is a reasonable thing, and so on. praised his class, he in the "Rosanna" where there is a paragraph of the most obvious:Baron Robert and my view of the businessman is exactly the same. Baron Robert said - I think he is perfectly correct - an authentic businessman is the best gentleman in the country, both in knowledge, in the ritual or in judgment, the businessman is stronger than many nobles. Once they control the world, although there is no real estate, but also rich than the real estate of the gentleman.。

作者简介丹尼尔·笛福（Daniel·Defoe 1660—1731），英国作家，新闻记者，小册子作者。

英国启蒙时期现实主义小说的奠基人，被誉为“小说之父”。

其作品主要为个人通过努力，靠自己的智慧和勇敢战胜困难为构架。

情节曲折，采用自述方式，可读性强。

并表现了当时追求冒险，倡导个人奋斗的社会风气。

其代表作《鲁滨逊漂流记》闻名于世，鲁滨逊也成为与困难抗争的典型模范，因此他被视作英国小说的开创者之一。

《鲁滨逊漂流记》的姊妹篇是《困》，也是笛福所著。

《鲁滨逊漂流记》给笛福带来了巨大成功并帮他还清了部分债务。

此后，他还陆续写成了《莫尔·弗兰德斯》《杰克上校》及另外两本写鲁滨逊的小说，但债主总是跟着他追债。

在他生命的最后几年中，笛福体弱多病，无人陪伴，债主不断上门，孩子们也对他撒手不管。

1731年4月26日，丹尼尔·笛福在悲愤中死去，终年71岁。

作者在全篇中的名言是：害怕危险的心理比危险本身还要可怕一万倍呢。

丹尼尔·笛福的代表作有: 《鲁滨逊漂流记》《辛格尔顿船长》《摩尔·弗兰德斯》《大疫年记事》《枷刑颂》《消灭不同教派的捷径》《法国时事评论》作品介绍《鲁滨逊漂流记》（Robinson Crusoe）旧译《鲁滨孙漂流记》，是由丹尼尔·笛福59岁时所著的第一部小说，首次出版于1719年4月25日。

这本小说被认为是第一本用英文以日记形式写成的小说，享有英国第一部现实主义长篇小说的头衔，是一部家喻户晓的现实主义回忆录式冒险小说，是18世纪英国著名作家笛福受一个苏格兰水手海上遇险的经历启发用英文以日记形式写成的小说。

笛福在书中塑造了一个勇于面对自然挑战的新型人物——鲁滨逊·克鲁索。

他不屑守成，倾心开拓，三番五次的抛开小康家庭，出海闯天下。

在遭遇海难流落到荒岛上以后，他运用自己的头脑和双手，修建住所，种植粮食，驯养家畜，制造器具，缝纫衣服，把荒岛改造成“世外桃源"。

作者丹尼尔·笛福生平丹尼尔·笛福（daniel defoe，1660-1731），1660年生于英国伦敦，父亲是伦敦的一名商人。

父亲营屠宰业，信奉不同于国教的长老会。

笛福原姓福，1703年后自称笛福。

他受过中等教育，但没有受过大学古典文学教育。

他一直保持不同于国教信仰的立场，政治上倾向于辉格党。

1674年，年轻的笛福就开始学习当一名牧师。

但他并不适合牧师这种工作，因为，正如他所创造出来的英雄鲁滨孙一样，他的生活充满了冒险与刺激。

1683年，笛福曾被海盗俘虏过。

这次的经历，再加上一名曾经在海上遇难的苏格兰水手的叙述，提供了笛福写作《鲁滨孙漂流记》这部脍炙人口的小说题材。

虽然《鲁滨孙漂流记》一直到笛福将近六十岁时才出版，它依然为笛福带来历久不衰的声誉。

继《鲁滨孙漂流记》的成功之后，接下来的五年之中，笛福又陆续写了四本书，包括《生命》、《冒险》、《红牌船长的海盗生涯》及《疫年大事记》。

笛福逝世于1731年4月，享年70岁。

他早年经营内衣、烟酒、羊毛织品、制砖业，曾到大陆各国经商。

1685年参加蒙茅斯公爵领导反对天主教国王的叛乱；1688年荷兰信奉新教的威廉率军登陆英国，继承英国王位，笛福参加了他的军队。

1692年经商破产，负债达17000镑，以后又屡屡失败，因而不得不用各种方法谋生。

他曾充当政府的秘密情报员，设计过各种开发事业，同时从事写作。

1698年他发表《论开发》，提倡筑公路，办银行，立破产法，设疯人院，办水火保险，征所得税，办女学等。

1701年他发表一首讽刺诗《真正英国人》，认为没有纯种的英国人，反对贵族天主教势力，为外籍的信奉新教的威廉三世辩护。

此诗连印9版。

1702年发表政论《消灭不同教派的捷径》，用反讽手法，反对国教压迫不同教派人士，文笔巧妙，开始竟未被人识破是反对国教。

后被发觉,受到罚款和坐牢的惩罚，入狱6个月,枷示3次，却被伦敦市民奉为英雄。

在狱中他仿希腊诗人品达罗斯的颂歌体写了一首《立枷颂》(1703)，讽刺法律不公。

丹尼尔笛福简介义小说的奠基人，被誉为“小说之父”。

其代表作《鲁滨逊漂流记》闻名于世，鲁滨逊也成为与困难抗争的典型模范，因此他被视作英国小说的开创者之一。

中文名：丹尼尔·笛福外文名：Daniel·Defoe国籍：英国出生地：英国伦敦出生日期：1660逝世日期：1731职业：作家代表作品：《鲁滨孙漂流记》;《鲁滨孙的沉思集》; 人物简介在１８世纪四大著名小说家中，丹尼尔·笛福是第一个，他所丹尼尔·笛福写的《鲁滨逊漂流记》在当时有很大影响，至今是雅俗共赏的名著。

丹尼尔·笛福生于1660年。

1640年，英国资产阶级以暴力取得政权，但是在笛福出生那年，代表封建反动势力的斯图亚特王室又在英国复辟，笛福出生于一个小油烛商人的家庭，属于中下层资产阶级，在政治上反对斯图亚特王室的封建统治。

笛福28岁那年，即16 88年，资产阶级又赶走了斯图亚特王室，重新掌了权，他一面经商，一面从事政治活动，写下不少小册子。

因为有的书和演说揭露了当时社会的不合理现象，曾先后三、四次被关进监狱。

59岁时，写成了《鲁滨逊漂流记》。

这部小说是以一件真事为素材写成的。

200多年前，有一个苏格人塞尔柯克在一艘英国海船上当水手。

1704年9月的一天，塞尔柯克因为和船长发生冲突，被遗弃古拉丁美洲的一个荒无人烟的小岛上，塞尔柯克心情很坏，但后来慢慢地习惯了。

他捕山羊做食物，用木头和羊皮盖了两间小房子，拿钉子做针，把破袜子拆开来做线，用来缝东西。

他在无人荒岛上生活两年四个月，1709年2月12日，一位英国航海家把他救离了海岛，塞尔柯克回到苏格兰后，经常在酒店里向人们讲述他不平凡的经历。

后来，笛福就根据这个故事写成了此书。

继《鲁滨逊漂流记》后，又写了许多小说，比较有名的有：《辛格顿船长》、《杰克上校》、《罗克查娜》、《伦敦大疫记》、《一个骑士的回忆录》等。

但他终生没有混入当时有名的文人圈子里。

这些文人出身的社会地位比他高。