一要注意被动语态的不同时态被动语态由
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各时态的被动语态的基本结构一、被动语态的概念及基本用法被动语态是指句子的主语是动作的承受者,而不是执行者。
在英语中,被动语态通常由“be+过去分词”构成,常用于强调动作的承受者或者不知道执行者是谁的情况下。
二、一般现在时的被动语态1.基本结构:am/is/are+过去分词2.使用场景:用于强调动作的承受者或者不知道执行者是谁的情况下。
3.例句:The cake is made by my mother.(蛋糕是我妈妈做的。
)The book is read by me every day.(这本书我每天都会读。
)三、一般过去时的被动语态1.基本结构:was/were+过去分词2.使用场景:用于强调过去某个时间点或事件中发生了什么事情。
3.例句:The letter was written by her yesterday afternoon.(这封信昨天下午被她写了。
)The game was played by the children last night.(孩子们昨晚玩了这个游戏。
)四、一般将来时的被动语态1.基本结构:will be+过去分词2.使用场景:用于强调将来某个时间点或事件中将会发生什么事情。
3.例句:The cake will be made by my mother tomorrow.(明天蛋糕会是我妈妈做的。
)The game will be played by the children this weekend.(这个周末孩子们会玩这个游戏。
)五、现在进行时的被动语态1.基本结构:am/is/are being+过去分词2.使用场景:用于强调正在进行的动作的承受者。
3.例句:The cake is being made by my mother right now.(现在蛋糕正在被我妈妈做。
)The game is being played by the children at the moment.(现在孩子们正在玩这个游戏。
知识点被动语态的用法被动语态是英语中的一种常用语法结构,用于表达动作的承受者或者动作的影响对象,而非动作的执行者。
被动语态在书面和口语表达中都得到广泛应用。
以下是一些常见的被动语态用法及其相关规则。
一、被动语态的构成形式被动语态由助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词构成。
根据时态的不同,助动词be的形式可能会发生变化。
下面是各个时态下被动语态的构成:1. 现在时被动语态:am/is/are + 过去分词2. 过去时被动语态:was/were + 过去分词3. 现在完成时被动语态:have/has been + 过去分词4. 过去完成时被动语态:had been + 过去分词5. 将来时被动语态:will be + 过去分词6. 情态动词can、may、must等的被动语态:can/may/must be + 过去分词二、被动语态的用法1. 表达动作的承受者被动语态常用于强调动作的承受者,将动作的接受者放在句子的主语位置,而将执行动作的人或事物放在句子的后部分。
例句1:The house was built by my father.(这座房子是我父亲建的。
)例句2:The book was written by Mark Twain.(这本书是马克·吐温写的。
)2. 引起物体或地点的注意被动语态还可用于引起物体或地点的注意,使句子更加具体明确。
例句3:The cake was eaten.(蛋糕已被吃掉。
)3. 表达客观事实或普遍规律在叙述客观事实或阐述普遍规律时,被动语态经常被使用。
例句4:Math problems are solved step by step.(数学题是逐步解决的。
)例句5:English is spoken in many countries.(英语在许多国家中被使用。
)4. 句型转换有时,为了更好地表达句子的重点或强调动作的执行者,我们会从主动语态转换为被动语态。
不同时态的被动语态的基本形式一、一般现在时的被动语态1、一般现在时的被动语态的形式是“be(am/is/are)+及物动词的过去分词+其他”,比如“aioupic is written in Python”就可以改为“Python is used to write aioupic”。
2、一般现在时的被动语态是用来描述一个事实或某种状态,或动作是定期性发生的,或者动作是普遍存在的,比如“A lot of trees are planted every year”表示这一动作每年都在不断发生。
二、一般过去时的被动语态1、一般过去时的被动语态形式是“was/were+及物动词的过去分词+其他”,比如“I built the house two years ago”可以改为“The house was built two years ago by me”。
2、一般过去时的被动语态用来描述动作发生在过去的某个具体时候,比如“The contract was signed yesterday”就表明了这件事是在昨天发生的。
三、现在进行时的被动语态1、现在进行时的被动语态形式是“be(am/is/are)+being+及物动词的过去分词+其他”,比如“I am writing a letter”可以改为“A letter is being written by me”。
2、现在进行时的被动语态用来描述动作正在发生或者正处在进行的过程中的状态,比如“The project is being discussed today”表明了这一动作是今天正在进行发生的。
四、将来时的被动语态1、将来时的被动语态形式是“will/shall/be+going to be+及物动词的过去分词+其他”,比如“I will buy a car”可以改为“A car will be bought by me”。
2、将来时的被动语态用来描述动作将在未来发生,比如“The housewill be renovated next year”表明了这一动作将在明年发生。
被动语态的构成与用法被动语态是英语语法中的重要概念之一,它用来表达动作的承受者是谁,而不是由谁来执行。
被动语态的构成相对简单,但在实际运用时有一些需要注意的规则。
本文将详细介绍被动语态的构成和用法。
一、被动语态的构成被动语态的构成主要由以下两部分组成:助动词be的各种时态形式 + 过去分词。
具体的构成规则如下:1. 现在时态的被动语态构成:am/is/are + 过去分词例如:- The book is written by a famous author.(这本书是由一位著名作家写的。
)- The essay is being corrected by the teacher.(这篇文章正在被老师批改。
)2. 过去时态的被动语态构成:was/were + 过去分词例如:- The house was built many years ago.(这所房子在很多年前建造的。
)- The cake was eaten by the children.(蛋糕被孩子们吃掉了。
)3. 将来时态的被动语态构成:will be + 过去分词- The package will be delivered tomorrow.(这个包裹明天将被送到。
)- The decision will be made by the committee.(这个决定将由委员会作出。
)4. 完成时态的被动语态构成:have/has been + 过去分词例如:- The report has been submitted to the manager.(这份报告已经提交给经理了。
)- The work will have been finished by next week.(这项工作到下周将已经完成。
)二、被动语态的用法被动语态的用法主要体现在以下几个方面:1. 强调动作承受者:当句子的重点在强调动作的承受者而不是执行者时,常常使用被动语态。
被动语态的句子是以《be动词+过去分词》的形式来表达,如果要特别强调动作或行为的执行者时,句子后面需接by~,译为“被(由)……”。
1 被动语态的句型肯定句:主语+be +过去分词+(by~).否定句:主语+be not +过去分词+(by~).一般疑问句:Be +主语+过去分词+(by~)?特殊疑问句:疑问词+be +主语+过去分词+(by~)?被动语态的时态是由be的时态决定的,be是什么时态,全句就是什么时态,be动词后面的过去分词不变。
2 被动语态的十种时态以动词give为例,其被动语态的各种时态构成如下:1.一般现在时History is made by the people.历史是人民创造的。
2.一般过去时These new cars were made in Tianjing in 1994.这些新车是1994年在天津生产的。
3.一般将来时Li Ming will be asked to attend the lecture.李明将被邀请参加讲座。
4.现在进行时A new railway is being built.一条新铁路正在修建。
5.过去进行时The roads were being widened.路那时正在加宽。
6.现在完成时He has been sent to work in Shanghai.他已经被派往去上海工作了。
7.过去完成时A new hotel had been built when I got there.我到那儿时,一座新旅馆已经建好了。
8.过去将来时He said a new hotel would be built in two months.他说两个月后新旅馆就会建好了的。
3 被动语态的否定句和疑问句English is not used in European countries.欧洲国家不使用英语。
Is English used in European countries?欧洲国家使用英语吗?1.否定句凡是有be动词的句子,其否定句都是在be动词的后面加not,被动语态也不例外。
八大时态的被动语态结构
以下是八大时态的被动语态结构:
1. 现在时被动语态(Present Simple Passive):主语 + am/is/are + 过去分词。
2. 过去时被动语态(Past Simple Passive):主语 + was/were + 过去分词。
3. 将来时被动语态(Future Simple Passive):主语+ will be + 过去分词。
4. 现在进行时被动语态(Present Continuous Passive):主语 + am/is/are being + 过去分词。
5. 过去进行时被动语态(Past Continuous Passive):
主语 + was/were being + 过去分词。
6. 现在完成时被动语态(Present Perfect Passive):
主语 + has/have been + 过去分词。
7. 过去完成时被动语态(Past Perfect Passive):主语 + had been + 过去分词。
8. 将来完成时被动语态(Future Perfect Passive):主语 + will have been + 过去分词。
被动语态的10种时态形式一、一般现在时的被动语态:被动语态的一般现在时表示主语在现在时被动地接受动作或承受行为。
构成为:be + done。
例如:1. The book is read by me.(这本书被我阅读。
)2. The door is locked by him.(门被他锁上了。
)二、一般过去时的被动语态:被动语态的一般过去时表示主语在过去时被动地接受动作或承受行为。
构成为:was/were + done。
例如:1. The cake was eaten by them.(蛋糕被他们吃掉了。
)2. The letter was written by me.(信被我写了。
)三、一般将来时的被动语态:被动语态的一般将来时表示主语在将来时被动地接受动作或承受行为。
构成为:will be + done。
例如:1. The report will be sent by her.(报告将会被她发送。
)2. The package will be delivered tomorrow.(包裹将在明天被送达。
)四、现在进行时的被动语态:被动语态的现在进行时表示主语在现在进行时被动地接受动作或承受行为。
构成为:am/is/are being + done。
例如:1. The car is being washed by the workers.(汽车正在被工人清洗。
)2. The project is being discussed by the team.(项目正在被团队讨论。
)五、过去进行时的被动语态:被动语态的过去进行时表示主语在过去进行时被动地接受动作或承受行为。
构成为:was/were being + done。
例如:1. The house was being renovated last month.(房子上个月正在进行装修。
)2. The document was being translated by the intern.(文件正在被实习生翻译。
被动语态理解被动语态的结构和用法被动语态是英语语法中的重要概念,用于描述句子中的动作或状态受到其他主体的影响。
相较于主动语态,被动语态更加常用于强调受动者或者不确定或不重要的动作主体。
本文将介绍被动语态的结构和用法,帮助读者更好地理解和运用被动语态。
一、被动语态的结构被动语态的结构主要由be动词和过去分词构成,其中的be动词用来表示时态,过去分词则表示动作或状态的完成。
根据不同的时态,被动语态的结构可以有所变化。
下面以不同时态举例说明:1. 现在时态:am/is/are + 过去分词例如:- 主动语态:They clean the house every week.- 被动语态:The house is cleaned every week.2. 过去时态:was/were + 过去分词例如:- 主动语态:She cooked dinner yesterday.- 被动语态:Dinner was cooked yesterday.3. 将来时态:will be + 过去分词例如:- 主动语态:They will finish the project tomorrow.- 被动语态:The project will be finished tomorrow.4. 现在完成时态:has/have been + 过去分词例如:- 主动语态:He has written three books.- 被动语态:Three books have been written.需要注意的是,如果原主语是人称代词(如I, you, he, she, it, we, they),那么被动语态的结构中可以省略be动词中的is/am/are/was/were部分,并将过去分词放在人称代词之后。
二、被动语态的用法被动语态在英语中的使用相对频繁,可以用于多种情况下。
1. 强调受动者:被动语态常常用来强调受动者,即动作或状态的承受者。
被动语态被动语态的最基本构成是:be + done(动词的过去分词形式)被动语态和时态是分不开的。
很多时态都有其被动语态形式。
总结如下:1) 一般现在时一般现在时主要由动词原形表示,但第三人称单数后要加词尾-s,其方法与名词单数变复数的方法相同。
另外,be和have有特殊的人称形式,be在I后为a m;在he,she,it后为is;在we,you,they后为are;have在第三人称单数后为has,在其他人称后仍为have。
被动语态:be(am/is/are) + done (by)主动语态:Everyone likes her.被动语态:She is liked by everyone.2) 现在进行时现在进行时由“be(am/is/are) +现在分词”构成,其否定式是在be后加not,疑问式是将be提前。
They are building a new school in our village.She is cleaning the classroom.被动语态:be(am/is/are) being doneA new school is being built in our village.The classroom is being cleaned (by her).3) 现在完成时现在完成时由“have (has)+过去分词”构成。
否定式在have (has)后加not,疑问式将have (has)提前。
They have built a new school in our village.I have taught English for 20 years.被动语态:have/has been + doneA new school has been built in our village.5) 一般过去时由动词的过去式表示,其变化是在动词后加-ed,但英语中有大量动词的变化是不规则的,需特别记忆。
一要注意被动语态的不同时态被动语态由“be+过去分词”,其中的助动词be 根据情况可使用各种不同时态。
如:She is respected by everyone. 她受到大家的尊重。
(一般现在时)The book will be reprinted soon. 这本书很快会重印。
(一般将来时)The road is being repaired. 路正在修整。
(现在进行时) They have been given a warning. 他们受到警告。
(现在完成时)二要注意带情态动词的被动语态该结构的基本形式为“情态动词+be(或be的适当形式)+过去分词”。
这类结构非常有可能作为语境题出现在考卷中。
如:The rules must be obeyed. 这些规章制度必须遵守。
They shouldn’t have been told about it. 这事是不应当告诉他们的。
三要注意非谓语动词的被动语态 1. 不定式一般式的被动语态。
由“to be+过去分词”构成。
如:She asked to be given some work to do. 她要求给她一些工作做。
He was the last person to be asked to speak. 他是最后被邀请发言的人。
2. 不定式完成式的被动语态。
由“to have been+过去分词”构成。
如:I should like to have been told the result earlier. 我本想让人把结果早点告诉我的。
3. 现在分词一般式的被动语态。
由“being+过去分词”构成。
如:I saw him being taken away. 我看见有人把他带走了。
Being protected by a wall, he felt quite safe. 有墙作保护,他感到很安全。
4. 现在分词完成式的被动语态。
由“having been+过去分词”构成。
如:Having been invited to speak, I’ll start making preparations tomorrow. 因为邀请我去讲话,我明天就得做准备。
The subject having been opened,he had to go on with it. 话题已经开始了,他不得不谈下去。
5. 动名词一般式的被动语态。
由“being+过去分词”构成。
如:She likes being looked at. 她喜欢被人瞧。
He hates being made a fool of. 他讨厌被别人愚弄。
This question is far from being settled. 这个问题远没解决。
6. 动名词完成式的被动语态。
由“having been+过去分词”构成。
如:Jenny’s not having been trained as a dancer is her one regret. 杰妮没受过舞蹈的专业训练是她感到遗憾的事。
After having been instructed to drive out of town, I began to acquire confidence. 在接到把车开出城的指令后,我开始信心十足了。
注:过去分词没有被动式,因为它本身可以表示被动意义。
如:The door remained locked. 门仍然锁着。
四要注意“get+过去分词”构成的被动语态英语被动语态通常由“助动词be+过去分词”构成,有时也可用“get+过去分词”构成。
如:James got beaten last night. 詹姆斯昨晚被打了。
How did that window get opened? 那个窗户是如何打开的?但总的说来,用get构成的被动语态不如用be构成的被动语态常见,尤其是在含有施动者的by短语时,用get构成被动语态更是少见。
不过有时用be+过去分词构成被动语态构成误解时,人们可能会选get+过去分词来避免这种误解:The window was broken. 窗户破了(表状态)。
/窗户被打破了(表动作) The window got broken. 窗户被打破了(表动作) 五要注意哪些动词不用于被动语态1.不及物动词没有被动语态。
因为不及物动词没有宾语,2.一类是“it+be+过去分词+that从句”,另一类则是“主语+be+过去分词+不定式”(其中的“主语”为前一类句型中that从句中的主语),比较(同时注意其中时态和动词形式的变化):It’s known that he was a good singer. / He is known to have been a good singer. 大家知道他曾是位优秀的歌手。
It’s reported that he was driving fast. / He is reported to have been driving fast. 据说他当时车开得很快。
初三英语被动语态【本讲主要内容】被动语态【知识总结归纳】一. 概念:表示动作与主语之间是被动关系的句子是被动语态。
二. 主动语态与被动语态之间如何转换We Visited that factory last su主动语态主语谓语宾语状语That factory被动语态主语谓语宾语状语三. 各种不同时态的主动语态与被动语态的对比时态主动语态被动语态一般现在时am / is / are + P.P. (1)Do they speak French ? (2)They don’t use the room . Is French spoken by them ? The room isn’t used by them . 一般过去时was / were + p.p. (1)The hunter killed a tiger . (2)He wrote many stories last year . A tiger was killed by the hunter . Many stories was written by him last year . 现在进行时am / is / are +being +p.p. (1)These workers are building a new bridge . (2)He is mending his car . A new bridge is being built by these workers . His car is being mended by him . 过去进行时was / were + being + p.p. (1)He was selling books . (2)They were discussing the plan at that time . Books were being built by him . The plan was being discussed by them at that time . 现在完成时have / has + been + p. p. (1)She has learned many English words . (2)He has finished the work . Many English words have been learned by her . The work has been finished by him . 过去完成时had + been + p.p. (1)They has solved the problem . (2)We had told him the news by then . Theproblem had been solved by them . The news had been told to him by us . 一般将来时shall / will be + p.p. (1)I shall make a plan . (2)They are going to fix the radio in an hour .A plan will be made by me . The radio is going to be fixed by them in an hour . 过去将来时(1)He told me they would He told me the room would be would be + p.p. was/ were going to be + p.p. paint the room . (2)They were going to put on a play the next week . painted by them . A play was going to be put by them the next week . 情态动词can / may / must / should + be + p.p. (1)We should hand in our homework . (2)You must answer the question in English . Our homework should be handed in by us . The question must be answered in English by you . 四. 如何正确使用被动语态 1. 有些动词带有两个宾语,即直接宾语和间接宾语,变被动语态时,可把其中一个宾语变成主语,另一个留在被动结构谓语后面。
需要注意的是:若把直接宾语变成被动语态的主语,需要在间接宾语之间加上介词“to”。
eg. He often tells usinteresting stories . (主动语态)▲常带双宾语的词有:tell , show , lend , pass等。
2. 在主动语态中,某些动词之后带有复合宾语,即宾语和宾语补足语,这个复合宾语由动词不定式来充当,to被省略,但在被动语态中,这个to还要还原。
eg. I often hear her sing thispopular song . (主动语态)复合宾语宾语补足语宾语She is often heard to sing this popular song .(被动语态)▲有这种用法的常用动词有:make , let , see , hear , watch , feel , notice等。
3. 有些“be +过去分词”的结构并不是被动语态,它们有可能是“系表结构(即系动词之后由过去分词来充当表语)。