2020届高考英语二轮复习题型精准练3 -阅读理解（词意猜测题）1、For Canaan Elementary’s second grade in Patchogue N.Y.，today is speech day，and right now it's Chris Palaez's turn. The eight-year-old is the joker of the class. With shining dark eyes, he seems like the kind of kid who would enjoy public speaking.But he’s nervous. “I’m here to tell you today why you should... should…”Chris trips on the “-ld，”a pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers. His teacher, Thomas Whaley, is next to him, whispering support “... Vote for... me…”Except for some stumbles. Chris is doing amazingly well. When he brings his speech to a nice conclusion. Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him.A son of immigrants, Chris started learning English a little over three years ago. Whaleyre-calls(回想起）how at the beginning of the year, when called upon to read, Chris would excuse himself to go to the bathroom.Learning English as a second language can be a painful experience. What you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes. “It takes a lot for any student，”Whaley explains，“especially for a student who is learning English as their new language, to feel confident enough to say, ‘ I don't know，but I want to know.’”Whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president. The answer broke his heart. Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public. He wants these kids to learn to boast (夸耀）about themselves.“Boasting about yourself, and your best qualities，”Whaley says，“is very difficult fora child who came into the classroom not feeling confident. ”1. What made Chris nervous?A. Telling a story.B. Making a speech.C. Taking a test.D. Answering a question.2. What does the underlined word “stumbles”in Paragraph 2 refer to?A. Silly jokes.B. Bad manners.C. Spelling mistakes.D. Improper pauses.3. We can infer that the purpose of Whaley's project is to .A. inspire students' love for politicsB. prepare students for their future jobsC. help students see their own strengthsD. assess students’ public speaking skills4. Which of the following best describes Whaley as a teacher?A. Humorous.B. Ambitious.C. Caring.D. Demanding.2、The face of the four US presidents on Mount Rushmore will likely last for centuries.But at a newly opened exhibit in Japan，you can catch them only for about eight months. This year, the annual sand sculpture event at the Sand Museum in Tottori (鸟取县），Japan，is focused on another country. This is the 10th anniversary of the event. Artists came from 19 countries to shape sand into different sculptures that represent events in US history and American landmarks.Tottori is a remote city in western Japan. In the past, not many tourists traveled to it. To attract more visitors，Tot tori officials decided to use a natural resource：sand They decided to create a sand museum that would house a series of sand sculptures based on different geographic areas of the world. The sand from each year’s exhibition is used again the next year. The project has been a success. About 500,000 people visit the museum during the eight months. Some return year after year to see the new sculptures.The city is now a popular spot for sand sculpture artists too. Sculptors from around the world come to Tottori each spring, spending a few weeks working on their masterpieces. They use special tools to smooth the sandy surfaces, cut angles and details. They use only sand and water to create the huge sculptures, some of which tower over their creators.Originally，the artists built their creations outside. But the works lasted less than two months outdoors. So the museum built a permanent structure to house the artworks, which extended their life to eight months. Now many more tourists get to see the sculptures. Still，the fact that this art is not permanent is part of the appeal. The temporary sculptures reflect the Japanese value of appreciating the fleeting(短暂的）nature of the world.Tottori is not the only Japanese town that shows temporary art like this. Sapporo，in northern Japan，hosts a similar exhibit in the winter, using snow instead of sand That will be just about thetime that the US sand sculpture exhibition is taken apart, and the sand is saved for next year's show.1. Why is sand sculpture event held every year in Tottori?A. To show the wonderful artworks of the city.B. To show the diverse culture of the city.C. To represent the character of the city.D. To attract more visitors to the city.2. What does the underlined wor d “tower” in Paragraph 3 mean?A. Be huger.B. Be higher.C. Be heavier.D. Be nicer.3. What do the exhibits in Tottori and Sapporo show?A. The changing seasons offer artists chances to create arts.B. Artists are always inspired by the nature of the world.C. Natural works of art are popular all over the world.D. The sand is more popular to artists than the snow.4. What is the best title of this passage?A. The Popularity of SandB. Celebrating World in SandC. A Special Sand ExhibitionD. Artists' Contribution to the World3、Preparing Cities for Robot CarsThe possibility of self-driving robot cars has often seemed like a futurist's dream, years away from materializing in the real world. Well, the future is apparently now. The California Department of Motor Vehicles began giving permits in April for companies to test trulyself-driving cars on public roads. The state also cleared the way for companies to sell or rent out self-driving cars, and for companies to operate driverless taxi services. California, it should be noted，isn't leading the way here. Companies have been testing their vehicles in cities across the country. It's hard to predict when driverless cars will be everywhere on our roads. But however long it takes, the technology has the potential to change our transportation systems and our cities, for better or for worse, depending on how the transformation is regulated.While much of the debate so far has been focused on the safety of driverless cars （and rightfully so), policymakers also should be talking about how self-driving vehicles can help reduce traffic jams, cut emissions(排放) and offer more convenient, affordable mobility options. The arrival of driverless vehicles is a chance to make sure that those vehicles are environmentally friendly and more shared.Do we want to copy—or even worsen —the traffic of today with driverless cars? Imagine a future where most adults own individual self-driving vehicles. They tolerate long, slow journeys to and from work on packed highways because they can work, entertain themselves or sleep on the ride, which encourages urban spread. They take their driverless car to an appointment and set the empty vehicle to circle the building to avoid paying for parking. Instead of walking a few blocksto pick up a child or the dry cleaning, they send the self-driving minibus. The convenience even leads fewer people to take public transport—an unwelcome side effect researchers have already found in ride-hailing(叫车) services.A study from the University of California at Davis suggested that replacing petrol-powered private cars worldwide with electric, self-driving and shared systems could reduce carbon emissions from transportation 80% and cut the cost of transportation infrastructure(基础设施）and operations 40% by 2050. Fewer emissions and cheaper travel sound pretty appealing. The first commercially available driverless cars will almost certainly be fielded by ride-hailing services, considering the cost of self-driving technology as well as liability and maintenance issues(责任与维护问题).But driverless car ownership could increase as the prices drop and more people become comfortable with the technology.Policymakers should start thinking now about how to make sure the appearance of driverless vehicles doesn't extend the worst aspects of the car-controlled transportation system we have today. The coming technological advancement presents a chance for cities and states to develop transportation systems designed to move more people, and more affordably. The car of the future is coming. We just have to plan for it.1. According to the author, attention should be paid to how driverless carscan .A. help deal with transportation-related problemsB. provide better services to customersC. cause damage to our environmentD. make some people lose jobs2. As for driverless cars, what is the author’s major concern?A. Safety.B. Side effects.C. Management.D. Affordability.3. What does the underlined word ''fielded'' in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A. Employed.B. Replaced.C. Shared.D. Reduced.4. What is the author s attitude to the future of self-driving cars?A. Doubtful.B. Sympathetic.C. Disapproving.D. Positive.4、A Very Endangered Species Less Than 2,000 in the WildAccording to the census(普查)of 2014，there are only 1，864 giant pandas alive in the wild. It is one of the rarest and most endangered species in the world Thus the giant panda was selected and used as the symbol of the WWP" since its formation in 1861.The Size of a Giant PandaA wild giant panda measures 75 centimeters tall and 1. 5 meters long on average. A wild panda generally weighs about 60-73 kilograms, with the largest recorded 110 kilograms. Males are about 1/6 larger than females. Pandas in the zoos are bigger，and can weigh up to 150 kilograms.Giant Pandas’ Lifestyle —Low Stress and SolitudeGiant pandas spend most of their time eating，resting, or seeking food They are alone most of the time. Males and females only meet during the breeding season in spring. Giant pandas prefer shallow slopes and solitary living. They use scent markers to avoid one another.Where Do Giant Pandas Live?Giant pandas live in large bamboo forests on humid (温暖潮湿的）and relatively high mountain slopes —about 1，200 to 3,100 meters above sea level.Giant pandas were once widespread across central，southern, and eastern China，and China s neighboring countries of Myanmar and northern Vietnam. However, their habitat has shrunk to a few patches in western central China, due to China’s farming and logging practices.Currently，giant pandas mainly live in the Qin Mountains in Shaanxi Province，and the Min Mountains in Sichuan and Gansu Provinces.Their Food 99% Bamboo99% of giant pandas’food is the tender stems，shoots, and leaves of bamboo. Because bamboo is low in nutrition, one giant panda needs to eat about 12 to 38 kilograms of bamboo a day, up to 40% of its own weight. Giant pandas spend as long as 14 hours eating a day.1 % of their food consists of other plants，even meat. Wild giant pandas eat grass，wild fruits，insects, even small animals if they can catch them.1. What contributes to the WWF choosing the giant panda as its symbol?A. Its existing situation.B. Its lovely appearance.C. Its special lifestyle.D. Its shrunk habitat.2. What does the underlined word “solitary” in Paragraph 3 mean?A. Only one of something.B. Not often visitedC. Spending a lot of time alone.D. Doing something alone.3. Where can you find wild pandas now?A. In the central，southern, and eastern parts of China.B. In the country of Myanmar and northern Vietnam.C. In the bamboo forests of Qin and Min Mountains.D. In Shaanxi, Guangxi, Sichuan and Gansu Provinces.4. According to the passage，we can know that .A. the largest wild female panda can weigh 110 kilogramsB. the situation is mainly caused by human activitiesC. you can often see two or three wild pandas togetherD. pandas will never eat anything else except bamboo5、One day a little boy, annoyed by his father's decision for him to become a grocer, decides that he will never grow up. It's very boring to work in a grocery and staying a child is his protest against it. This strange little boy-man, never separated from a tin drum he is always banging, is our hero of the table. It covers three crucial decades of 20th century. Little Oskar Matzerath willexperience love, war and imprisonment in a story that paints an unforgettable picture of Central Europe between 1923 and 1954.This is an overview of the story of The Tin Drum，the most famous work by the German Nobel-winning author Gunter Grass, who passed away on April 13 at the age of 87. The Tin Drum also established Grass as one of the leading authors of Germany. It also set a high bar of comparison for all of his following works. As his best-known fiction is both the story of an individual and of an age, Grass life cannot be understood without referring to the history of Germany. He was called “Germany’s conscience”，because he reminded Germans of a past during the Second World War that many would have rather forgotten.This sometimes made him unpopular. Many Germans did not agree in 1989 when he said that East Germany and West Germany should remain separate, as a united country would be too strong and threaten the world’s peace. And Grass was called a hypocrite when he revealed in his memoir Peeling the Onion (2006) that he had been a teen-age member of the Waffen-SS，the Nazi (纳粹) Party's fighting force. The man who had blamed the actions of others had aless-than-perfect record himself.Grass was a man of the pen and the page and also a man with a gift for speaking to the public.His writing was noisy and annoying, but one had to listen to it, a little like the sound of the drum banged by his most famous literary creation.1. In The Tin Drum ，the hero .A. decides he will never grow up to escape from the warB. doesn't want to become a grocer as his father expectsC. refuses to be separated from the tin drum he is playingD. has an unforgettable experience involving love and hatred2. What does the und erlined word “hypocrite” mean?A. Someone unwilling to believe there is good in people.B. Someone enjoying blaming others for their own mistakes.C. Someone pretending to be more virtuous than one really is.D. Someone having justice on his side and pursuing perfection.3. What can we infer from the passage?A. Oskar Matzerath's stories were modeled on Grass's life.B. Critics applauded Grass's argument for separation of Germany.C. Grass's life and works can be best understood from a historical perspective.D. No other writer in Germany could be Grass's equal in perfect record.4. What is the author's purpose in writing the passage?A. To give some background information about Grass's early life.B. To present the history of Germany through the page of Grass.C. To analyze what has made The Tin Drum so popular in Germany.D. To introduce Gunter Grass and his most famous work to readers.6、As the days get shorter and the chilly weather rolls in , we all want to curl up in a blanket and hibernate until spring rolls around. But making time to get outside in the sun, even when it’s cold out, could have bigger mood benefits than you might realize.While the link between sunshine and mental health is nothing new, new research from Brigham Young University(BYU) has shown that the association may be evenstronger than previously realized. It finds that sunlight exposure is by far the greatest weather-related factor determining mental health outcomes. In other words: more sunshine, more happiness.For the study, a psychologist, a physicist and a statistician from BYU teamed up to compare daily environmen tal data from the university’s Physics and Astronomy Weather Station with emotional health data archived by day for 16,452 adult therapy patients who were being treated at the BYU Counseling and Psychological Services Center.Exposure to sunlight is a significant factor in seasonal affective disorder. Research has shown that the brain produces more of the feel-good neurotransmitter serotonin on sunny days than it does on darker days. What’s more, lack of sunlight is linked with lower vitamin D levels, which in turn has been correlated with depression and low energy.If you’re getting enough sun, your emotions should remain relatively stable, the researchers found. But as the amount of sunlight in the day is reduced, levels of emotional pain can soar. Other weather variables including temperature, pollution and rain were not found to have an impact on mental health.“We were surprised that many of the weather and pollution variables we included in the study were not significantly correlated with clients’ scor es on the distress measure once we had accounted for suntime,” Dr. Mark Beecher, a professor of psychology at the university and the study’s lead author, told The Huffington Post. “People tend to associate rainy days, pollution, and other meteorological ph enomena with sadness or depression, but we did not find that.”1．What does the author suggest we do in Paragraph 1?A．Realized the benefits of sunshine B．Avoid hibernating in springtime C．Curl up in a blanket in cold weather D．Enjoy sunshine even in cold weather 2．The underlined word “soar”in Paragraph 5 most probably means “”?A．rise sharply B．vary unstably C．drop slightly D．change greatly 3．What does the passage say about the research does by BYU?A．It is done on normal adults of various agesB．It is carried out by Dr Mark Beecher aloneC．It concludes the sunshine means happinessD．It finds that temperature affects mental health4．What can be inferred from the passage?A．Lower vitamin D levels are helpful in keeping us energeticB．The research findings are inconsistent with the popular beliefC．The more sunshine we get, the less excited we are likely to feelD．The link between sunshine and mental health was unknown before.7、A large body of research has been developed in recent years to explain many aspects of willpower. Most of the researchers exploring self-control do so with an obvious goal in mind: How can willpower be strengthened? If willpower is truly a limited resource, as the research suggests, what can be done to make it stay strong?Avoiding temptation(诱惑) is an effective method for maintaining self-control, which is called the “out of sight, out of mind” principle. One recent study, for instance, found office workers are less attracted to candy in the desk drawer than that on top of their desks, in plain sight.The research suggesting that we possess a limited reservoir of self-control raises a troubling question. When we face too many temptations, are we to fail? Not necessarily. Researchers don’t believe that one’s willpower is ever completely exhausted. Rather, people appear to hold some willpower in reserve, saved for future demands. The right motivation allows us to tap into those reserves, allowing us to carry on even when our self-control strength has been run down. High motivation might help overcome weakened willpower—at least to a point.Willpower may also be made less vulnerable(脆弱) to being exhausted in the first place. Researchers who study self-control often describe it as being like a muscle that gets tired with heavy use. But there is another aspect to the muscle comparison, they say. While muscles become exhausted by exercise in the short term, they are strengthened by regular exercise in the long term. Similarly, regular practices of self-control may improve willpower strength.The evidence from willpower-exhaustion studies also suggests that making a list of resolutions on New Year’s Eve is the worst possible approach. Being exhausted in one area can reduce willpower in other areas, so it makes more sense to focus on a single goal at a time. In other words, don’t try to quit smoking, adopt a healthy diet and start a new exercise plan at the same time. Taking goals one by one is a better approach. Once a good habit is in place, Baumeister says, you’ll no longer need to draw on your willpower to maintain the behavior. Eventually healthy habits will become routine, and won’t require making decisions at all.Many questions about the nature of self-control remain to be answered by further research. Yet it seems likely that with clear goals, good self-monitoring and a little practice, you can train your willpower to stay strong in the face of temptation.1.From the studies in the passage we learn that ______.A.people have unlimited self-controlB.high m otivation ensures one’s successC.willpower is hardly completely exhaustedD.too many temptations often lead to failure2.The underlined phrase “tap into” in Paragraph 3 mos t probably means ______.A.make use ofB.run out ofC.buildD.increase3.The author compares self-control to muscles ______.A.to prove the long-term effects of willpowerB.to show the significance of regular exerciseC.to argue that self-control can be easily used upD.to explain the benefits of practicing self-control4.To develop a good habit, which of the following does the author prefer?A.“I will gi v e up dessert and do exercise.”B.“I will set three goals this new semester.”C.“I will keep myself from any temptation.”D.“I will read an English novel every month.”8、 A “Game of Thrones” themed hotel made just of snow and ice has been finished in Lap land, Finland. Located in the resort of Kittila, which is 200 kilometers above the Arctic Circle and around 90 minutes from Helsinki, the destination is made up of 24 rooms—10 of which are suites for guests staying overnight.Temperatures reach -5℃ inside, so high-quality thermal(保温的)sleeping bags are on hand to keep guests warm, as well as a hot berry juice in the morning. Although it’s recommended that guests stay at the hotel for a maximum of one night due to the icy conditions, there are warm log cabins available should they wish to extend their stay in the Snow Village. Guests can also visit a restaurant, cinema, chapel and bar, all made entirely of snow and ice. Guests also receive a guided tour inside the Snow Village, a buffet breakfast in the log restaurant, and a diploma to commemorate their stay.Travelers can book an overnight visit at the snow hotel or simply take a day trip to the Snow Village, which covers an area of about 20, 000 square meters. The village is open for visitors daily and has a cinema, a chapel, an arctic bar that serves drinks in glasses carved from ice, and a restaurant with frozen dining furniture and a menu featuring reindeer (驯鹿)steak While it’s been constructed yearly since 2000, this is the first time the Snow Village has included a “Game of Thrones” themed section.Kittila is also a great location to view the Northern Lights, and Snow Village offers snowmobile safaris snowmobile safaris (旅行)where guests can try to catch a glimpse of Greenland’s natural phen omena, as well as activities like reindeer-sledding and ice-sculpting classes.1.What can we learn about the themed hotel from the first paragraph?A.It is 200 kilometers from Helsinki.B.It is 110 kilometers from the Arctic Circle.C. It is in the resort of Kittila.D.It is made up of 34 rooms.2.What does the underlined word “commemorate” mean?A.provefortC.coverD.pay3.What is the area of the Snow Village?A.2000 square meters.B.18,000 square meters.C.20,000 square meters.D.22,000 square meters.4.In which column of a website can we find the text?A.Geography.B.Travel.C.Climate.D.Culture.答案以及解析1答案及解析：答案：1.B 2.D 3.C 4.C解析：1. B细节题。
