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UNIT1笔记一、询问健康问题及遇到麻烦的表达方式。
1.what's the matter/trouble(with sb)?What's wrong(with sb)?2.Are you OK?3.What's happened(to sb)发生4.It there anything wrong sb 表示身体疼痛或不舒服（1）have/has+a+症状Eg：I have a sore throatEg:I have a headache/fever/cough/toothache5.①某人+hurt(s)+身体部位/反身代词I have my hand/I have my self②身体部位+hurt(s)Eg:my leg hurt(s) There's sth wrong with overs+身体部位某人某处出毛病了二、should 应该情态动词否定回答：shouldn't疑问回答：should I.../I should.../we should...无人称和数的变化All weekend 整个周末need to do sth 需要做什么away from...远离... with out doing sth 没有做某事go to doctor=see a doctorV原过去式过去分词现在分词lie 躺lay lain lyinglie 撒谎lied lied lying passage--短文know--为什么was going when see sb. doing sth.shoat for help with out think twiceact quickly动作快to one's surprisethank to 多亏in time 及时on time准时wait for... have a hurt problem有心脏病take...to...带....去....agree to do sth.同意做某事agree with sb同意某人的意见help sb to do sth帮某人做某事move...onto移到....上面It sad that save--saveying挽救trouble不可数n. do the right thing做正确的事情right a way=at once 立刻；马上lose--last失去；丢失be interested in sth.对做某事有兴趣be interested in doing sth 对做某事有兴趣be used to doing sth习惯做某事One of+...+adj+n复last one's life失去生命Almost几乎--nearly because of后跟词/词组Because后跟句子on April26.2003 in a ready danougerous sit uational 处于危险的境界free(v)自由活动run out 用完；用尽--同义词：use uphave to do sth to...不得不做某事save one's life 挽救某人的生命be ready to do sth乐意做某事so that 以便;为了so...that...如此...以至于... Between a rook and a hard place生死抉择/生死两难sit cation处于困境中used sth to do ready用某物做某事die--过去式--died--deach--olead死的get out of从...出来so ...that...如果keep on doing sth继续做某事U N I T1短语1.h a v e a f e v e r发烧2.h a v e a c o u g h咳嗽3.h a v e a t o o t h a c h e牙痛4.t a l k t o m u c h说得太多5.d r i n k e n o u g h w a t e r和足够的水6.h a v e a c o l d受凉；感冒7.h a v e a s t o m a c h a c h e胃疼8.h a v e a s o r e b a c k背疼9.h a v e a b a c k a c h e背疼10.h a v e a s o r e t h r o a t喉咙疼11.l i e d o w n a n d r e s t躺下来休息12.h o t t e a w i t h h o n e y加蜂蜜的热茶13.s e e a d e n t i s t看牙医14.g e t a n X-r a y拍X光片15.t a k e o n e`s t e m p e r a t u r e量体温16.p u t s o m e m e d i c i n e o n s t h在...上敷一些药17.f e e l v e r y h o t感到很热18.s o u n d l i k e听起来像19.a l l w e e k e n d整个周末20.i n t h e s a m e w a y以同样的方式21.g o t o a d o c t o r看医生22.g o a l o n g沿着.......走23.o n t h e s i d e o f t h e r o a d在马路边24.s h o u l d f o r h e l p大声呼救25.w i t h o u t t h i n k t w i c e没有多想26.g e t o f f下车27.h a v e a h u r t p r o b l e m有心脏病28.t o o n e`s s u r p r i s e使.......惊讶的29.t h a n k s t o多亏了...由于30.i n t i m e及时31.o n t i m e准时32.s a v e o n e`s l i f e挽救某人的生命33.g e t i n t o t r o u b l e造成麻烦34.r i g h t a w a y/a t o n c e立即；马上35.b e c a u s e o f由于；因为36.g e t o u t o f离开；从......出来37.h u r t o n e s e l f受伤38.b a n d a g e o n s t h.用绷带包扎39.f a l l d o w n摔倒f a l l o f f跌落40.f e l l s i c k感到恶心41.h a v e a n o s e b l e e d流鼻血42.c u t h i s k n e e割伤他的膝盖43.p u t h e r b e a d b a c k把它的头向后仰44.g o m o u n t a i n c l i m b i n g去爬山45.b e u s e d t o d o s t h习惯做某事46.r u n o u t(o f)用完；用尽47.s o t h a t以便；为了48.s o...t h a t如此...以至于...49.b e i n c o n t r o l o f掌管：管理50.i n a d i f f i c u l t s i t u a t i o n在困境中51.k e e p o n d o i n g s t h继续坚持做某事52.h a v e p r o b l e m s b r e a t h i n g呼吸困难53.w a i t f o r s b s t h等候某人/物54.t a k e r i s k s/t a k e a r i s k55.g i v e u p放弃56.m a k e a d e c i s i o n/m a k ed e c i s i o n s做决定57.m i n d d o i n g s t h介意做某事58.h a v e p r o b l e m s(i n)d o i n g s t h做某事有困难59.u s e s t h.t o d o s t h用某物去做某事60.b e/b e c o m e i n t e r e s t e d i nd o i n g s t h=b e / b e c o m e i n t e r e s t e d i n s t h 对做...感兴趣61.s e e s b.d o i n g s t h.看见某人正在做某事62.e x p e c t s b.t o d o s t h期望/待某人做某事Unit2笔记help to do sth帮助做某事sick children得病的小孩help stop finger帮助阻止饥饿关于up的短语：look up查找turn up 开大pick up站起来wake up醒来get up 起床dress up打扮stand up 捡起stay up熬夜cut up 切碎grow up长大him up他的her up她的at the food bank在食品救济中心after school study problem课外学习活动小组come out出来look out小心give out=hand out分发tell sb about sth告诉某人做某事clean up day清扫日put of doing sth推迟做某事Ask sb to do sth=need for sb to do sth 需要做某事make some plans定计划make a plan制定一个计划in an old man people's homes 在敬老院help out with sth需要做某事read ...to...给...读... Stories经历used to过去怎么样；曾经怎么样无人称和数的变化a lonely孤独的；寂寞的（带有感情色彩）several--a few几个；数个volunteer自愿做某事learn/know about 了解;关于care for=look after照顾take care for the look of joy喜悦的事情own adj.自己的owner 物主，所有人owner's facesat the age 4在4岁时try out参加;选拔;试验;尝试go on a journey(远)go on a trip(短途）去旅行a dream come true 梦想成真at the sane time同时such a/an+形容词+可数n单so+adj.+a/an+可数n单be busy with sth=be busy doing sth忙于某事at least至少sick--反--well--同--dll run out of(人做主语)--同--use up thank you fordoing sth为...而感谢可数名词difference difficultynormal adj.平常的;正常的answer the telephone接电话carry things 拿东西be expend 对...改到激动tracing不可数n. a call in center for parents 家长热线电话中心work out far产生效果;成功;计算出UNIT2短语1.clean-up day清扫日2.clean up打扫干净3.cheer up变得高兴4.give out分发ed to曾经...6.put up张贴7.and old people's home 养老院8.help out with sth 帮助解决困难9.care for 关心10.the look for joy高兴的表情11.at the age of养老院e up with想处13.make a plan 制定计划14.make some notices做这些公告牌15.try out参加选拔16.work for为...而工作17.set up建立18.hand out分发19.fix up修理20.put off推迟21.for example比如22.raise money筹钱23.take after与......相像24.give a way赠送25.call up=ring up=give sb a ring=phone sb打电话给...26.be similar to与...相似27.disabled people残疾人28.make a difference影响29.at the food bank在食品救济中心30.after school reading program课外阅读活动小组31.at the same time同时32.learn/know about 了解关于33.be busy with sth忙于某事34.be worried worry a about sth担心某事ed to do sth 过去常常做某事36.raise money for...为...筹钱37.make plans to do sth制定计划做某事38.give up+时间+to do sth放弃时间去做某事39.get a feeling of有...感觉40.make it possible for sb to do sth是某人有可能做某事41.a dream come true梦想成真Unit3Could place do sth请你做...好吗？Sure、certainty/no problem/of coursea few 几个;数个后跟可数n. at least至少at most最多finish doing sth 完成做某事any minute now随时;马上try to do sth尽力做某事ask for寻求a call in center for parents work成功;计算出be angry with sb生某人的气solve the problem解决问题answer the question回答问题throw down扔下过去式throw threwshould back大声回应neither+助/情/系/主语某人也不... find+宾语+宾语补足语make sb do sth 使某人做某事as a result结果those day现在;如今the+比较级越...就越... have time to do sth有时间做某事 a wast of浪费let sb do sth让某人做某是spend on sth=spend doing sth get older 长大mind doing sth介意做某事get into=enter进入prove sb to do sth为某人提供某物there is no need sth=do not doing sth不介意做某事It is+adj.+for sb+to do sth depend on依赖;依靠It is not enough to do sth 做...是不够的doing a heroes主语part 部分at a resaut 结果look after--take care of--care for fall ill生病grades drop成绩下降unit 39、take out the rubbish 倒垃圾1、go out for dinner 出去吃饭10、fold your/the clothes 叠衣服2、stay out late 在外面待到很晚11、sweep the floor 扫地3、go to the movies 去看电影12、make your/the bed 整理床铺4、get a ride 搭车13、clean the living room 打扫客厅5、work on 从事14、no problem 没问题6、finish doing sth. 完成做某事15、welcome sb. 欢迎某人7、clean and tidy 干净整洁16、come home fro m school/ work8、do the dishes 洗餐具放学/下班回家17、throw down 扔下36、do chores 做杂务18、sit down 坐下37、help sb. (to ) d o /with sth•19、come over 过来帮助某人干某事20、take sb. For a walk 带某人去散步38、bring a tent带顶帐篷来21、all the time 一直;总是39、buy some snacks买些小吃22、all day/evening 整曰/夜40、go to the store去商店23、do housework 做家务41、invite sb. To a party邀请某人参加聚会24、shout back 大声回应42、make sb. Do sth. 使某人做某事25、walk away 走开43、enough stress足够的压力26、share the housework 分担家务44、a waste of time浪费时间27、a comfortable home 一个舒适的家45、in order to为了28、in surprise 惊讶地46、get good grades取得好成绩29、get something to drink 拿点喝的东西47、mind doing sth.介意做某事30、watch one show 观看一个节目48、depend on依赖;依靠31、hang out 闲逛49、develop children’s independence发展孩32、pass sb. sth. 把某物传给某人子的独立性33、lend sb. sth. 把某物借给某人50、look after/take care of 照顾；照看34、get sth. Wet 使某物弄湿51、do one’s part in (doing ) sth.35、hate to do sth. 讨厌做某事做某人分内的事。
最新人教版八年级下册英语-Unit1-5-单元笔记+练习八年级下册Unit 1 单元笔记1. People will have robots in their homes. 人们家里将会有机器人。
will助动词，表单纯的未来。
用于陈述句表“将……，会……”。
e.g. I will (I'll) be 15 next month.下个月我就15岁了。
Mr. Green will be back soon.否定句：won't = will not eg. He won't be back before 10.will用于疑问句意为“会……吗？”e.g. Will you be free on Friday evening?Will people have robots?2. There will only be one country.将会只有一个国家。
There will be 是there be句型的将来时。
e.g. There won't be any paper money. （否定）Will there be less pollution? (疑问)Yes, there will./ No, there won't.There will be more people. (肯定) ※常见错误：there will have…3. I think there will be more / less pollution. 我认为将会有更多/更少的污染。
fewer 与less及more表数量的用法。
（1）few（形容词）“几乎没有，很少的”，修饰可数名词。
其比较级、最高级为规则变化：few－fewer－fewest。
“a few”表示“一些”，“few”带否定含义，“几乎没有”。
例：a few days ago, for a few weeks,He has few friends here. There will be fewer trees.（2）little（形容词）“很少的，几乎没有的”（“小的，幼小的”），修饰不可数名词。
Unit1笔记整理之马矢奏春创作1、What’ s the matter with you?= What’s the troublewith you? = What’ s wrong with you?你怎么了？= What’s up? = What happens to sb.?2、 as a matter of fact= in fact 事实上, 实际上【拓展】matter的用法It doesn’t matter 没关系（用来回答他人报歉时的用语）3、have a cold 受凉;感冒have a/an + 疾病名词“患……病” (cold/fever/cough)have a sore throat 患喉咙痛 have a sore back 患背痛 have a fever 发烧 have a cold =catch a cold 患感冒have a stomachache 患胃痛 have a toothache患牙痛have a headache 患头痛 have a backache患背痛4、back n 背；背部 at the back of......在......的后面go/come back 返回 give back 归还5、hand in hand 手拉手V 交给；传递 hand in 上交 hand on 依次传递 hand out 分发6、enough 的用法(1) adj.足够的,充沛的修饰名词时,可放在名词之前或之后enough time,enough money(2) adv. “足够地, 十分,相当”修饰adj./adv,必需放在adj./adv 后 expensive enough(3) be +adj. +enough to do sth.足够……的去做某事He is strong enough to carry the box.7、drink some hot tea with honey.喝一些加蜂蜜的热茶.with ：⑴prep “具有, 带有” , 暗示某物带有或具有某种特征.She is a girl with long hair.with （反） without⑵prep. 和......一起 I like to talk with my friends.⑶ prep 用......, 暗示“使用某种工具”Cut it with a knife.8、see a dentist = go to a dentist看牙医see a doctor = go to a doctor 看医生9、感官动词+ like, 后接名词或名词性短语作表语.“sound like 听起来像feel like 摸起来像smell like 闻起来像 look like 看起来像 taste like 尝起来像10、need v 需要◆用于肯定句是实义动词(1) need sth 需要某物 I need your help.(2) 人做主语,sb need to do sth 某人需要做某事Do you need to drink more water?(3) 物做主语,sth need doing sth = sth need to be done My TV set needs repairing.用于否定句是情态动词needn’t = don’t have to 没有需要must ,need 引导的疑问句肯定回答用11、along/ down相同点：prep “顺着；沿着”分歧点：along 强调顺着水平方向down 指“沿着……下坡或者往南走”12、see （saw , seen） v 看见see sb. do sth 看见某人做某事（看到举措发生的全过程或经常看到举措发生）see sb. doing sth 看见某人正在做某事（强调举措正在发生）13、lie/lai/v. (lay/lei/ )躺；平躺lie → lay → lain v 躺下,(现在分词lying ). lie down 躺下 lie down and rest 躺下休息14、get off 下车 (反） get on 上车 get up起床 get back 回来；取回 get over克服；度过get on／along well with与……相处融洽 get in a word插话 get to达到15、surprise [sə'praɪz] ⑴v 使受惊→surprising adj. 令人受惊的→surprised adj. 受惊的surprise sb 使某人受惊 The bad news surprised me.be surprised at 对……感到受惊be surprised to do sth 做某事而感到惊讶be surprised + that从句因...而惊讶⑵ n.可以做名词“惊讶”to one’s surprise 使某人受惊的是 in surprise 受惊地16、agree v→ (反)disagree – agreement n同意(1) agree with sb. 同意某人 I agree with you.(2)agree to do sth 同意做某事17、thanks to 对亏；由于⑴thanks to为习语介词,thanks不成以改为,to后也不接,这个短语暗示原因,意为“由于”、“多亏”,to暗示感谢的对象⑵ thanks for ,意为“因……而感谢”,for强调为何而感谢,其后可接名词或v-ingthanks相当于 ,18、 at times=sometimes 有时 have a good time 玩得高兴have time =be free 有空 all the time 一直at the same time 同时 by the time 到……时候for the first time 第一次【句型】It’s time to do sth =It’s time for sth 是该做某事的时间了It takes sb. some time to do sth 做某事花费某人多长时间s19、think about 考虑；认为【短语】：think about 考虑 think of 想起 think over 仔细考虑think up = come up with 想出20、hit/hit/v. (hit/hit/)( 用手或器具）击；打hit sb. 击中/撞到某人 The ball hit him in the face. 21、trouble/'trʌbl/n .问题；苦恼get into trouble造成麻烦（或烦恼）be in trouble 处于困境中have trouble （in) doing sth/with sth.做某事有困难22、enjoy oneself=have fun =have a good time玩得高兴23、teach oneself=learn …by oneself 自学 by oneself=alone 单独 help oneself to 随便吃introduce oneself to 自我介绍反身代词必需与主语坚持人称的一致.24、fall → fell → fallen v 落下；跌落fall down 摔倒,（强调“滑倒,摔倒”,指失去平衡而摔倒,后接宾语时,应加上介词from She fell down from her bikefall off 指从某物上跌落下来.The girl fell off the bike. = The girl fell down from the bike.fall into 落入 The leaf fell into the river.fall behind 落后fall in love with sb. 爱上某人fall asleep 入睡25、feel sick 生病；不舒服sick /ill adj.(1) sick adj.“生病的”,既可放be (系动词)后作表语,也可放n.前作定语.sick person = patient“病人”be sick of …“讨厌；厌恶……”(2) ill adj.“生病的”,只能放be (系动词)后作表语,be ill in hospital 生病住院ill → illness n.“病；疾病”26、be interested in=become interested ininterest ⑴ n 兴趣→interesting adj. 令人有兴趣的→intereste d adj. 对……感兴趣⑵v. 引起……关注；使……感兴趣 interestsb.eg：This book interests me very much.be interested in sth./ doing sth.对……变得感兴趣= show great interest in sth. / doing sth.暗示出对……的极年夜兴趣;(1) take/have an interest in =be interested in 对……感兴趣(2) places of interest 名胜 lose interest in 失去兴趣27、(1) use v.使用→useful adj. 有用的 use up 用完Studying English is__________(use).(2) use sth to do sth 用某物做某事We use Internet __________(find) information.(3) used to do sth 过去经常做某事,暗示过去做过的事现在已经不做,只用于过去时态.I used to get up at six.(4) be /get used to doing sth 习惯于做某事My grandpa is used ___________(live) in country.(5) be used to do sth 被用来做某事=be used for doing sthStamps is used ____________(post) letters.【记】 He used to wear glasses . But now he is used to wearing contact lenses.他以前常戴（框架）眼镜,但现在习惯戴隐形眼镜.28、one of … ......之一【结构】“one of + the +adj.最高级 +n 复数” , 做主语,谓语动词用第三人称双数形式.One of the most popular colors is red in China.29、almost / nearly /hardlyalmost和nearly作为副词,都可以译为“差未几”、“几乎”、“将近”等.都是水平副词, 有时它们可以相互取代,而hardly是几乎不的意思,是否定词.30、lose → lost→ lost v 失去lose one’s life 失去生命 lose one’s way迷路lost还可以做形容词,暗示丧失了的,lost31、because of 由于；因为【拓展】because/because of)She’s worried because of her son.(2) because conj +从句（引导原因状语从句）He didn’t go to school yesterday because he was ill.(3) because 还可以回答why 引导的句子— Why do you like pandas?— Because they are cute.(4) because 和so 不能一起连用,二者只能用其一.32、find → found →found v寻找(1) find sb. doing sth 发现某人做某事(2) find it + adj. + to do sth 发现做某事很……◆find it difficult/ hard to do sth 发现做某事很困难33、by oneself= alone = on one’s own adj. 单独的,指无人陪伴的客观事实,不带感情色彩.34、run → ran → run v跑run out of =use up 用完【区别】：sb.run out of sth 其主语通常是人Sth.run out 其主语通常是物【短语】： run across 偶然遇见 run after 追求,追逐run away 逃跑 run at 向…..冲去35、own ①adj. 自己的one’s own 某人自己的of one’s own+n 某人自己的② v 拥有→ owner n 所有者,物主I want to have a house of my own.=I want to have my own house.36、The boy spoke loudly so that everyone could hear him clearly.为了能赶上车,她起得很早.(目的状语从句)so that 以便,为了引导目的状语从句, 可以替换成in order that….从句常呈现情态动词may/ might .can/ could等, 37、mean → meant → meant v意味着→ meaning n意思(1)mean doing sth. 意味着做某事mean to do sth. 筹算做某事询问“......的意思”的经常使用句型：What does ... mean? = What is the meaning of...?38、get out of 离开,从……出来反义get into…陷入,,,【拓展】与get 相关的短语：get up起床 get to达到 get back 返回get on 上车 get off 下车get on with 与……友好相处；39、 important adj. 重要的（反）unimportant→ importance n 重要性①My parents have taught me the____________(…..的重要性)of working hard.②Anyone can see the ____________(important) of good health.40.decide v决定→-decision n决定(1)deci de to do sth= make up one’s mind to do sth 决定做某事(2)make a decision (to do sth)做决定41. so …that 如此…..以致……“So +adj.+ that” “如此……以至……” 引导结果状语从句so后面接形容词、副词He was so strong that he could lift the heavy bag.42keep on (doing sth) 继续或坚持做某事 ,可是中间有间断keep doing sth. 一直做某事,中间不间断 keep sb. doing sth 让某人一直做某事43.the same … as… 和......一样be not the same as = be different from 与......分歧44.die v. →（延续性动词） be dead 死,死亡→death n. 死,死亡→dead adj. 死的→ dying adj. 将死的45.mind v 介意 n 头脑,想法,记忆【短语】make up one’s mind 下定决心 never mind 没关系change one’s mind 改变主意keep … in mind 记住……【句型】Would you mind doing sth 你介意做某事吗？46.give up 放弃give up doing sth=stop doing sth 放弃做某事Unit2 笔记1. You could helpclean up the city parks.你可以帮手清扫城市公园.【解析1】help v →helpful1). help sb. to do sth. 帮手某人做某事.2). help oneself （ to ）自用（食物等）.3). help sb. out 帮手某人克服困难,度过难关、解决问题、完成工作.4). with the help of 在……帮手下.5). help sb. with sth. 帮手某人做某事.6).Can’t help doing 情不自禁做....clean up the table = clean the table up2. The girl could visit the sick kids in the hospital to cheer them up.女孩可以去医院看望生病的孩子们,让他们振作起来.【解析1】sick /ill ：(1) sick adj.“生病的”,既可放be (系动词)后作表语,也可放n.前作定语.be sick of …“讨厌；厌恶……”sick person = patient“病人”(2) ill adj.“生病的”,只能放be (系动词)后作表语,be ill in hospital 生病住院ill → illness n.“病；疾病”①. You look very tired. You must be sick. (= ill)②.He had a sick mother. 他有一位生病的母亲【解析2】in the hospital 与in hospital(1) in the hospital“在医院”指人在医院里,允许是在医院上班,允许是到医院看望病人等；(2)in hospital “在医院；住院”指生病住院.类似的短语有：in the bed“在床上”,也许是蹲在床上或站在床上；in bed“在床上”指躺在床上【解析3】cheer up 使振奋,使高兴的（v. +adv）cheer sb. up =make sb. happy 使某人高兴 cheer me up 使我高兴3. The boy could give out food at the food bank. 男孩可以在食物站分发食物【解析】give out =hand out分发(v. +adv)hand out bananas give out sth to sb. 分….给某人【短语】：give in 屈服 give back=return 归还 give a speech 发表give sb. a call 给……打德律风give away 赠送give away money to kidsgive sb. a hand =help sb. 帮手某人give up doing sth =stop doing sth放弃做某事give up smoking 放弃吸烟give sb. sth = give sth to sb. 给某人某物give me money 给我钱=give money to me 给我线4. We need to come up with a plan for the City Park Clean -up Day.我们需要为城市公园清洁日想出一个计划.【解析】come up with =think up 想出catch up with 赶上追上【短语】：think about 考虑 think of 想起 think over 仔细考虑【谚语】 Think before you act 三思而后行【拓展】v+up with 构成的短语：catch up with 赶上；追上keep up with 跟上；跟、、、、、坚持联系put u with 容忍；忍得住end up with 结束；以.......而结束5. Oh , what did they ask you to help out with? 哦,他们让你帮手做些什么？【解析】help out （with）帮手；帮手......出来help sb. out 使某人脱离困境6.They told me stories about the past and how things used to be.他们给我讲过去的故事,并告诉我过去事情是什么样子的.【解析1】 (1) use v.使用→useful adj. 有用的 use up 用完Studying English is__________(use).(2) use sth to do sth 用某物做某事We use Internet __________(find) information.(3) used to do sth 过去经常做某事,暗示过去做过的事现在已经不做,只用于过去时态.(4) be /get used to doing sth 习惯于做某事My grandpa is used ___________(live) in country.(5) be used to do sth 被用来做某事=be used for doing sth【记】 He used to wear glasses . But now he is used to wearing contact lenses.他以前常戴（框架）眼镜,但现在习惯戴隐形眼镜.7.That sounds interesting. 那听起来挺有趣.【解析】sound(1)n声音 We heard a strange sound.【辨析】Sound/noise/voice⑴sound(n.)指自然界中所有的声音,可指悦耳的声音也可指噪音.⑵noise一般指很响的,难听的声音,即喧闹,喧闹声等.③voice指人通过发音器官发出的声音（包括说话,唱歌等）.Mary has a beautiful voice. 玛丽的声音很美.Don't make such a noise. 别这样年夜声喧哗.8.Yeah, a lot of old people are lonely. 是的,很多老年人都很孤独.【解析】alone / lonely 辨析：(1)alone = by oneself adj. 单独的,指无人陪伴的客观事实,不带感情色彩.He often walks alone to home .(2)lonely①指人孤独的,寂寞的,强调主观感受；②也可指某个处所是荒凉的9.We should listen to them and care for them .我们应该倾听他们说话而且关心他们.【解析】care for 照看；照顾；照料【拓展】care的短语总结take care =be careful v.把稳,小心take care of =look after v.照顾,照料,照看take care of 处置,做完care for v.照顾,照看10. Mario Green and Mary Brown from RiversideHigh School give up several hours each week to help others. 来自河畔高中的马里奥.格林和玛丽每周城市花几个小时去帮手他人.【解析1】give up 放弃give up doing sth=stop doing sth 放弃做某事【解析2】several 可作定语,暗示“几个”：= a few Several boys were injured. 有几个小伙子伤了.My friend speaks several languages. 我的朋友能讲几种语言11.He volunteers at an animal hospital every Saturday morning.他每周六早上在植物医院做志愿者.【解析】volunteer v 志愿 n 志愿者volunteer to do sth 志愿做某事①Jack volunteered _________(carry) the water.②They often ___________________(自愿去教) the children12.... But I want to learn more about how to care for animals...可是我想学习更多的关于如何照顾植物的知识【解析】“疑问词+不定式”作及物动词的宾语,【记】：I don’t know what to do.I don’t’ know how to do it .I don’t know what to do with it.【拓展】“特殊疑问词 + 不定式”与“wh –从句的转换.转换时只需在疑问词后加主语（与主句主语一致）,并将不定式改成“should +v原形“做谓语.I don’t know how to solve the problem.= I don’t know how I should solve the problem.①I don’t know what _________(bring) to the party.②He wanted to know when_________(go).13.I get such a strong feeling of satisfaction when I see the animals get better and the look of joy on their owners’ faces. 当我看到植物们变得更好,而且它们的主人的脸上呈现喜悦之情时,我有一种很强烈的满足感.【解析1】(1)so …that 如此…..以致……“So+adj.+that” “如此……以至……”引导结果状语从句so后面接形容词、副词He was so strong that he could lift the heavy bag.【记】名前such,形副so,多几多少（many, much, few, little）都用so.【解析2】get better 变得更好14.She could read by herself at the age of four.她在四岁的时候就能够单独阅读.【解析】at the age of 在......岁的时候= when sb. was ..years old.st year, she decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program.去年,她决定检验考试在一个课后阅读项目中做一名志愿者.【解析】try out 检验考试；实验try v试图,设法,努力【拓展】 (1)try on 试穿(2) try to do sth 努力做某事【偏重尽力做】(3) try doing sth 试图做某事【偏重检验考试做】(4)try one’s best to do sth= do one’s best to do sth 尽某人最年夜努力做某事She still works there once a week to help kids learn to read.她仍然每周在那里工作一次,帮手孩子们学习阅读.【解析】once a week 一周一次【拓展】once = one time一次 twice= two times 两次【注】：三次或三次以上用：“基数词+times”three times 三次four times 四次three or four times 三到四次I chat with my friends online________________(一两次)a week.17....,but you can see in their eyes they’re going on a different journey with eachnew book,......, 可是你能从他们的眼睛里看到他们正随着每本新书在进行不同的旅行.【解析】go on a journey = go on a trip去旅行18.Volunteering here is a dream come true for me.对我来说,在这里做志愿工作使我梦想成真.②______________(实现) your dream through great effort is really cool.【拓展】与come相关的短语：【短语】come and go 来来回回come from 来自 come back 回来 come out 出来come on 加油,快点 come in 进来 come back 回来come over 顺便来访 come true 实现 come up with 想出19.I can do what I love to do and help others at the same time.我不单可以做我自己喜欢的事,同时还可以帮手其他人.【解析】at the same time 同时,20.However,few people think about what they can do to help others.然而,很少有人会考虑他们能做些什么来帮手他人.【解析1】however 然而【辨析】however和but 二者都意为“可是,可是”；⑴ but是并列名词,连接两个并列分句,上下二句在总的意义上构成了比较.I really don't like cheese, but I will try j ust a little this time.我实在是不喜欢吃奶酪,可是这次我要尝一点.⑵ however不能直接连接两个分句,必需另起新句,并用逗号隔开.It was raining hard. However, we went out to loo k for the boy.雨下得很年夜,不外我们还是出去寻找那个孩子【注】 a few/ few(1)a few, few 用来修饰可数名词.(2)a few “有一些”,暗示肯定概念,few 几乎没有,暗示否定意义.The man has been here for many years, so he has a few friends.这个人在这里住了很多年了,他有一些朋友.I am a new comer here, so I have few friends here.我刚来到这里,所以我在这里没有几个朋友.a little/ little(1) a little, little 用于修饰不成数名词.(2) a little “有一些”,暗示肯定概念.little “几乎没有”,暗示否定概念.There is a little water in the glass.杯子里有一些水.There is little water in the glass, so you can’t drink any.杯子里几乎没有水了,你不成能喝到水了.21.There are many people who are less lucky than us .有很多没有我们幸运的人.【解析】less 较少的；较次的【注】less 可用在部份双音节和多音节形容词和副词前,构成形容词和副词的比力级.22.For example , we can make plans to visit sick children in the hospital or raise money for homeless people. 例如, 我们可以制定一些计划去看望医院生病的孩子们或者无家可归的人们筹钱.【解析1】for example⑴for example“例如”,一般只以同类事物或人中的“一个”为例,作拔出语,用逗号隔开,可置于句首、句中或句末.For example,he is a good student. 例如,他就是个好学生.⑵ such as“例如”,用来列举同类人或事物中的几个例子.可以和and so on 连用.Boys such as John and James are very friendly.像约翰和詹姆斯这样的男孩都很友好.【解析2】 raise （raised; raised) v 募集；征集raise money for... “为......筹款”【解析3】 home n 家→homeless adj. 无家可归的be home to … = be the home of sb. 成为…家园a homeless boy 一个无家可归的男孩【拓展】由home构成的合成词：homeland n 祖国 hometown n 家乡 homework 家庭作业homeless adj. 无家可归的 home-made adj. 自制的【同类记忆】 careless 年夜意的 hopeless 没有希望的helpless 无助的 useless 没有用的be home to sb. = be the home of sb. 是某人的家【短语集锦】on one’s way home 在某人回家的路上stay at home 呆在家里 go home 回家at home 在家 get home 抵家①You should do something to help ________(无家可归的)people.23.Some people even stop doing their jobs for a few months to a year to move to another country, like Africa,and help people there.有些人甚至会停下自己的工作几个月到一年去其他的国家,像非洲,而且帮手那里的人们.【解析】 stop doing(1)stop doing sth(2)stop to do sth(3)stop sb. from doing sth =keep sb from doingsth=prevent sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事(4)can’t stop doing sth 忍不住做……1. I repaired it . 我把它修好了【解析】 repair v“修理；修复”1)repair的对象范围很广,从房屋、路途、机器到日常生活必需品,是使受到一定损失或失灵的工具恢复其形状或功能.Who has repaired the broken leg of the table? 谁把桌子的断腿修好了？2) mend的意思是恢复某物原来的样子(包括用针、线来缝补),一般指较小之物.This shirt is too old to mend. 这件衣服太旧不能补了.3)fix用于需要重新“调”物体的结构,把松散的部件固定结实,将分离的物体各部份装配起来.用于美国口语中,与repair无多年夜区别.Can you fix the broken chair? 你能修理那把坏了的椅子吗? 2. I take after my mother. 我长的像我妈妈.【解析】(1)take after =be similar to在（外貌、性格等方面）与（父母）相像（v. +adv）【短语】take back 收回,接回 take down 写下 take off 脱下；起飞take up 占去（时间或空间）take care 小心 take care of 照顾take place 发生 take out 拿出 take away 拿走(2)look like 只指在外貌上与…..相像【短语】：look after 照顾 look up 向上看,查找look for 寻找 look out 小心【解析】fix =mend=repair v 修理,修补★fix up=repair 修理(v. +adv)4.I’m similar to her . 我和她很像.【解析】similar adj. 相似的be similar to sb. 和某人很相似5. I gave it away. 我把它修理好了【解析】give away 赠送；分发（奖品）,捐赠【拓展1】与give相关的短语：give off放出,释放 give back归还,送回 give out分发give in屈服 give up停止,放弃give sb. a hand助某人一臂之力 give sb. a call给……打德律风give a talk作陈说 give lessons to给……上课give a lecture (a piano concert)作讲座(举行钢琴音乐会) give sb. a chance给……一次机会 give sb. lessons给某人上课give a message to……给……一个口信 give a concert举办音乐会give sb. sth. or give sth. to sb.给某人某物return sth. to sb.= give sth. back to sb.把某物归还给某人【拓展2】与away相关的短语：get away from 逃离throw away扔失落 go away 离去；出去stay away (from)远离 put away 放好 run away 逃走6. I’ll send you a photo of Lucky.【解析】(1) a photo of sb. sb.为宾格,“某人的一张照片”,强调照片上的人就是他/她自己.(2) a photo of sb’s. sb’s.为名词性物主代词或名词所有格,“某人的一张照片”,强调照片上的人是sb.所拥有的. 7. I’m sure you know that this group was set up to help disabled people like me.我肯定你知道这个组织的成立是为了帮手像我这样的残疾人.【解析1】be sure (that) ...⑴be sure＋of／about doing sth,“确信……”；“对……有掌控”.但在接名词时,be sure of偏重指主语对某笼统事物简直信无疑；be sure about则偏重指主语对某具体事物简直信无疑.I'm sure of his honesty．我肯定他是诚笃的.⑵be sure to do sth ,暗示说话人对句子主语作出的判断,认为句子主语“肯定”、“肯定会”、“准会”如何如何.It is sure to rain．天一定会下雨.⑶be sure+宾语从句,暗示主句主语对宾语从句中涉及的事物所作出的判断,意为“确信某事一定会……”.We are sure he will make great progress this term．我们确信他这学期一定会取得巨年夜进步【拓展】make sure暗示“弄确实；核实；查证”.make sure经常使用于祈使句,后面常接that宾语从句或of介词短语.Make sure + that从句意为“弄明白；确信”.Make sure + of + 代词/名词,意思也是“弄明白；确信”.—Make sure of his coming before you set off.—动身之前要确定他是否来.—I make sure (that) he would come. —我确信他会来.【解析2】set up 建立；设立set up =establish =build建立（v. +adv）【短语】：set off 动身set about doing sth 着手去做某事【解析3】disabled adj. 肢体有残疾的（既可以做表语, 也可以做定语）.disabled people 残疾人Though he is __________(able) , Liu Wei made his dream – to be a pianistcome true.【加前缀dis- 构成的派生词】 dislike 不喜欢 disorder 无秩序dishonest 不诚笃disappear 消失8.Lucky makes a big difference to my life.“幸运”对我的生活发生了很年夜的影响.【解析】makes a big difference 影响；有作用9.Or imagine you can’t walk or use your hands easily.或者想象一下你不能走路或自如地使用你的手.【解析】imagine + n/ ving/ pron v 想象10.... But many people have these difficulties.可是很多人有这些困难.【解析】have difficulty (in) doing sth 做某事有困难11.I love animals and I was excited about the idea of having a dog.我热爱植物,而且为能拥有一只狗这个主意激动不已.【解析】be excited about 对......感到激动【解析1】excite→ exciting/excited 兴奋的be excited about对…感到兴奋①We are _____ about the ________news .(excite)②—What _____ news! --Yes. We are all _____ about it.A. exciting; excitingB. excited; excitedC. exciting; excited12.I was able to bring him home. 我可以把它带回家了.13.My dog’s name is Lucky— a good name for him becauseI feel very lucky to have him. 我的狗的名字叫“幸运”——对他来说是个好名字,因为有了他我感觉自己很幸运.【解析】be/ feel lucky to do sth 做某事感到很幸运.【解析1】 luck n.“幸运”→ lucky adj.“幸运的”→ luckily adv.“幸运地”→ un lucky adj.“不幸的”→ unluckily adv.“不幸地；不幸的是”____________(luck), he got the first prize this time.14. For example, I say, “Lucky! Get my book,”and hedoes it at once.例如, 我说：“Lucky！把我的书拿来.”它马上就照做.【解析】(1)fetch v去拿来=get 去（某地）拿来（讲话者处）(2)bring v带来从（某地）拿到（讲话者处）bring up 养育,养年夜bring sb. sth = bring sth to sb. 给某人带某物(1)take v带来从（讲话者）拿走take→took → taken【短语】 take care 小心 take charge of 负责,看管take hold of 握住 take off 脱下 take out 取出take a look 看一看 take away 拿走 take exercise 做运动take it easy 不紧张 takeone’s time 沉着不迫15.I’ll send you a photo of him ifyou like, and I couldshow you how he helpsme.如果你喜欢我会给你寄张他的照片,而且我会告诉你他是如何帮手我的.【解析1】send→ sent → sent v 发送【短语】： send away 赶走 send for 派人去请send off 寄出 send out 分发 send up 发射send sb. sth = send sth to sb. 送给某人某物【注】类似的动词有：show (展示；给……看) give (给)lend (借出)offer（提供） return （归还） tell （告诉）【解析2】if 如果引导真实条件状语从句。
八上Unit 1 课堂笔记一本单元应掌握的单词1活跃的，积极的___________ (名词) ___________ (复数) ___________2健康，健康状况___________ (形容词) ___________（反义词）___________3采访者___________ (动词) ___________4试图，设法，努力___________（三单）___________ (过去式) ___________5更好的(地)，好转的(地) ___________ (原级) ___________ ___________6不同的，有区别的___________ (名词) ___________7较小的，更小的，较少的，更少的___________ (原级) ___________二本单元应掌握的词组1踩滑板____________________2上网____________________3读英语书____________________4看电影____________________5活动调查____________________6关于，至于____________________7提高你的英语____________________8每周一两次_____________________9每周三四次________________________10每周两三次________________________11没有学生____________12大部分学生____________13垃圾食品____________14对…有好处____________________15想让某人做某事________________________16从学校回家________________________17几乎从不________________________18有点，有些________________________19取得好的分数________________________20照看，照料____________21与…一样____________________22帮某人做某事____________________23学得更好____________24饮食习惯____________25保持健康____________26少吃肉______________________三本单元应掌握的句型(见课文)四本单元应掌握的知识点1exercise v/n_______________1)你多久锻炼一次？_______________________________________________________2)大部分学生每周锻炼三到四次。
Unit 1 What’s the matter？一、词组have a cold 感冒sore back 背痛sore throat 咽喉痛lie down and rest 躺下休息see a dentist 看牙医drink lots of water 多喝水hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的热茶That’s a good idea 好主意That’s too b ad 太糟糕了I think so 我认为如此get some rest 多休息stressed out 筋疲力尽to eat a balance diet 饮食平衡healthy food 健康食品enjoy sth.=like sth. 喜欢某物enjoy doing sth. =like dong sth 喜欢做某事practice doing sth. 练习做某事mind doing sth. 介意做某事，finish doing sth. 完成某事give up doing sth. 放弃做某事can’t help doing sth. 忍不住做某事keep ding sth. 坚持做某事. practice, mind, finish, give up, can’t help, keep 与enjoy用法基本相似at the moment = now 此刻Host family 东道家庭Conversation practice 会话练习neck and neck 并驾齐驱，齐头并进a healthy lifestyle健康的生活方式traditional Chinese doctors 传统中医a balance of yin and yang 阴阳调和You have too much yin. 你阴气太盛I have no idea = I don’t know 我不知道stay healthy =keep healthy=keep in good health = keep fit保持健康enjoy oneself =have a good/ wonderful time=have fun 玩得高兴，过得愉快I have a stomachache.= I have got a stomachache.= My stomach hurts.=There is something wrong with my stomach.= I have (got) a pain in my stomach. 我胃痛What’s the matter? = What’s the trouble (with you)? = What’s your trouble? = What’s wrong (with you)? =What’ the matter (with you)?=What has happened to you? =Is there anything wrong (with you)?= what’s up? 怎么了？I’m not feeling well. = I’m not feeling fine/all right. = I’m feeling ill/sick.=I feel terr ible/bad.= I don’t feel well. 我觉得不太舒服二、词汇精讲1、lie动词，意为“躺”，过去式和过去分词分别为lay和lain，现在分词为lying。
Unit 1 Will people have robots?1、比较be going to 与will:1）be going to 表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情will 表示的将来时间则较远一些。
例如：He is going to write a letter tonight.He will write a book one day.2）be going to 表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情will表示客观上将来势必发生的事情。
例如：He is seriously ill. He is going to die.He will be twenty years old.3）be going to 含有“计划，准备”的意思will 则没有这个意思例如：She is going to lend us her book.He will be here in half an hour.4）在有条件从句的主句中，一般不用be going to, 而多用will 例如：If any beasts comes at you, I'll stay with you and help you.2. there will be…将会有…There will be books on computers.There will be a robot in every home.=Every home will have a robot.People will have robots in their homes.3. study at home 在家学习4. on computers5. be free 免费These magazines are free.这些杂志是免费的。
be free 空闲的，自由的I'm quite free this evening.我今晚没有事。
6 .live to be 200 years old 活到200岁7. in 100 years 100年以后介词in在将来时中，表“…时间以后，提问用How soon8. many ---- more ----the mostmuch -----more ----the mostfew ----fewer ----- the fewestlittle ---- less ----- the leastfewer people 更少的人（fewer修饰名词复数，表示否定）fewer cars / fewer treesless free time 更少的空闲时间（less修饰不可数名词，表示否定）less pollution / more pollutione the subways less 更少乘地铁10. be crowded 拥挤11.I agree.I don’t agree.12. in primary school 在小学in high schoolin college 在大学13. play tennis / play soccerplay the guitar / play the violin14. tall building高大建筑15. live in an apartment16. a computer programmer17. fly rockets to the moonfly to the moontake the train to school18. live on a spave station19. live in20.fall in love with…爱上…fall ---- fell ---- fallen例：When I met Mr. Xu for the first time, I fell in love with him at once 当我第一次见到许老师，我立刻爱上他21. live alone 单独居住feel lonely 感到孤独The girl walked alone along the street, but she didn’t feel lonely.那女孩独自沿着街道走，但她并不感到孤独22. have a pet / have pets 养宠物keep/feed a pet pig 养一头宠物猪23. hate doing sth.The boys hate doing homework on Sundays.男孩们讨厌在星期日做家庭作业。
八年级下册英语第一单元笔记人教版English:The first unit of the eighth grade English textbook focuses on the topic of "School Life". In this unit, students will learn about various aspects of school life, including school facilities, rules and regulations, extracurricular activities, and school events. They will also learn to express their opinions and make suggestions about improving school life. The unit includes vocabulary and grammar exercises, as well as listening, speaking, reading, and writing activities to help students communicate effectively in English. Throughout the unit, students will develop their language skills and cultural awareness related to school life, and they will be able to apply what they learn to their own school experiences.中文翻译:八年级英语教科书的第一单元聚焦于“校园生活”这一主题。
在本单元中，学生将学习关于校园生活的各个方面，包括校园设施、规章制度、课外活动以及学校活动。
新目标八年级下册Unit 1 Will people have robots? 词汇（1）1. fall v. 落下；跌落；变成The book fell off the shelf. 这本书从架子上掉了下来。
用法fall用作动词时，主要有两种用法。
一种是作为实义动词，可以和介词或副词搭配，表示“落下；跌落”，例如：I fell back in my chair. 我跌坐到自己的椅子上。
另一种是作为系动词，与形容词连用，表示进入某种状态，如：fall asleep 入睡（进入睡眠的状态）。
fall的动词过去式是fallen。
fall用作名词时，表示“落下；降低” fall还可以表示“秋天”，与autumn意思相同。
常用搭配：fall asleep 入睡 fall behind 落后于（某人或某物）fall down 跌落 fall in love with 喜爱；爱上 fall off 掉下fall over 跌落；被绊倒谚语：He who does not advance falls backward. 不进则退。
Pride goes before a fall. 骄兵必败。
2. alone 独自地；孤独地解析along 和lonely：（1）alone 既可用作形容词，又可用作副词，意思是“独自的（地）；单独的（地）”，侧重于说明独自一人，没有同伴或助手。
alone和on one's own，by oneself意思相近。
alone用作形容词时，一般与be 动词连用，在句中作表语。
alone 用作副词修饰动词时，放在动词后面作状语。
alone 用作副词时，也可作定语，意思是“只有；仅仅”，但必须置于它所修饰的名词或代词之后。
（2）lonely只用作形容词，它在句中既可作定语，也可作表语，表示“孤独的；寂寞的”。
该词带有“孤寂”的感情色彩。
用作定语时，意思为“孤单的；荒凉的；偏僻的”等。
八下英语unit1书上笔记以下是八下英语Unit1的笔记，供您参考：
1. 重点单词：
vocation 假期
honey 蜜糖；亲爱的（用于称呼对方或其所爱的人） centigrade 摄氏度
Kyoto 日内瓦
Switzerland 瑞士
gross 大量的；严重的
correspondence 通信；一致
factor 因素
2. 重点短语：
on vacation 在度假
in the north of 在某事物的北部（接壤）
to the south of 在某事物的南部（不相邻）
go to Beijing 去北京
3. 重点句子：
I will go to Beijing on vacation. 我将去北京度假。
My family and I are on vacation in the north of China. 我和我的家人正在中国北部度假。
We are going to Kyoto in Japan for our vacation. 我们打算去日本京都度假。
I am staying in Switzerland during the vacation. 我正在瑞士度假。
4. 语法点：
现在进行时态的用法：表示正在发生的动作或存在的状态，常与now、at the moment等时间状语连用，结构为be doing sth。
5. 阅读理解：掌握文章主旨和细节，了解作者的意图和态度。
注意文中的转折、因果、举例等关键信息，理解长难句的结构和意义。
提高阅读速度和准确性，培养阅读技巧和策略。
