英语A期中考试快速阅读翻译Fast+reading1-4

⼤学英语快速阅读答案（第⼀册）Key to Fast Reading (Book One)Unit 1 Festivals and HolidaysIn-Class Reading1. Carnival in Brazil (502 words)Key: 1. N 2. Y 3. Y 4. NG 5. N2. Valentine’s Day (480 words)Key:1. the 5th century2. lottery3. married young men4. recover her sight5. CupidAfter-Class Reading1.Chinese Festivals: Keeping Traditions Alive (1,099 words)Key: 1. B 2. D 3. C 4. A 5. A2.The First Thanksgiving (1,073 words)Key: 1.C 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. AUnit 2 Campus LifeIn-Class Reading1. How to Deal with College Classes (500 words)Key: 1. books and notebooks 2. their reading 3. all their classes/every class 4. days or weeks5. teachers and upperclassmen2.The Virtual College (501 words)Key: 1. N 2. Y 3. Y 4. Y 5. NGAfter-Class Reading1. The American Education System (945 words)Key: 1. B 2. C 3. C 4. D 5. C2.Saying Goodbye (991 words)Key: 1. C 2. B 3. A 4. A 5. DUnit 3 VIP & VIP’s TalksIn-Class Reading1. Bill Gates’ Advice to Students: Get a Sound, Broad Education (506 words)Key: 1. N 2. NG 3. Y 4. N 5. Y2.Y ang Zhenning: When Will There Be a Nobel Prize – Winning Work on Chinese Soil? (487 ) Key: 1. economic2. a miracle/success3. China was isolated4. biology and medicine5. historyAfter-Class Reading1. Condoleezza Rice (1,017 words)Key: 1. D 2. A 3. B 4. D 5. C2.Y ao: A Life in Two Worlds (1,111 words)Key: 1. C 2. A 3. C 4. A 5. BUnit 4 Love StoriesIn-Class Reading1.Love for Rose (501 words)Key: 1. Y 2. N 3. N 4. N 5. Y2.Banjo (486 words)Key: 1. on the doorstep2. single/unmarried3. nuisance4. ten-week’s5. in the woodsAfter-Class Reading1. Go Out and Make a Difference (915 words) Key: 1. D2. D3. C4. D5. A3.A Small Boy’s Mother (1,143 words)Key: 1. C 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. DUnit 5 Cultural DifferenceIn-Class Reading1. A voiding Cultural Taboos (499 words)Key: 1.Y 2.N 3.N 4. Y 5. NG2. Table Manners: a Cultural Difference (495 words) Key:1.not used to2.highly restrictive rules3.smacking/slurping4.not allowedAfter-Class Reading1.Traveling Student (1,092 words)Key: 1. D 2. C 3. B 4. D 5. A2.Beyond Assumptions: One Woman's Experience of Living Abroad in the U.S.A. (1,183) Key: 1. C 2. B3. A4. D5. DUnit 6 Interpersonal RelationshipIn-Class Reading1. As My Daughter Leaves for College，I let Go (490 words)Key: 1.N 2. NG 3. N 4. Y 5.Y2.Cybercourtship (500 words)Key:1.romantic courtship online/romance online/ virtual romance2.meeting in person3.fewer inhibitions4.freer and faster5.physical cues/ feedback; body languageAfter-Class Reading1. After Twenty Y ears (1,193 words)Key: 1. D 2. C 3. D 4. B 5. C2.“Of My Friend Hector and My Achilles’ Heel” (1,042 words)Key: 1. C 2. B 3.A 4. D 5. AUnit 7 Science and TechnologyIn-Class Reading1.Wireless Wearable (500 words)Key: 1.N 2. Y 3. Y 4. NG 5.N2.The World Is Getting Smaller (487 words)Key:1.next industrial revolution2.one-thousandth3.size and strength4.manufacturing, environment, medicine5.swallowed or injectedAfter-Class Reading1. The Internet: What Lies Ahead? (1,074 words)Key: 1. A 2. D 3. C 4. B 5. B2.New Genes – New Hope Or Future Disaster? (1,154 words)Key: 1. B 2. A 3. C 4.D 5. DUnit 8 Life & HealthIn-Class Reading1. Y ou Have A Cold! (516 words)Key: 1. NG 2. N 3. Y 4. Y 5. N2.Protein (522 words)Key: 1. the tissues 2. basic units 3. protein-rich foods 4. incomplete 5. your weightAfter-Class Reading1. Y oga (957 words)Keys: 1. B 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. B2.What Y ou Eat Can Sabotage Y our Sleep (992 words)Key: 1. D 2. D 3. C 4. B 5. DUnit 9 AnimalsIn-Class Reading1. How Do the Animals Spend the Winter? (517 words)Keys: 1. Y 2. N 3. N 4. NG 5. Y2.Cats and Man (507 words)Key: 1. definite 2. forbidden 3. tell time 4. eyes opened 5. blueAfter-Class Reading1. Animals as Teachers (984 words)Key: 1. A 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. C2.Animals “Speak” Many Strange Languages (1,017 words)Key: 1. B 2. C 3. A 4. C 5. AUnit 10 Sports & Leisure TimeIn-Class Reading1. Lessons for Y our Life and Business from Wimbledon (496 words) Key: 1. Y2. N3. Y4. N5. NG2.Beijing 2008: Five Mascots for the Beijing Games (482 words) Key: 1. mark 2. syllables3. prosperity4. sixteen days5. pandaAfter-Class Reading1. Sports and Exercise Safety (1,085 words) Key: 1. B2. C3. A4. B5. C2.Tennis, Then and Now (986 words) Key: 1. C 2. A3. B4. C5. B。

延庆区2023—2024学年第二学期期中试卷高一英语2024.04本试卷共11页，二大部分，56道小题，满分100分。

考试时长90分钟。

试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。

第一卷（共47分）Ⅰ. 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A Person Who Has Influenced My LifeThere is always a time in one’s life when a hero comes along. Someone who has inspired you can really help you learn what life is about.I remember it as if it was yesterday. I was fifteen years old that year. It was around eight o’clock one evening when my mother ___1___ a phone call from her brother-in-law, who told us my aunt was in hospital and that the doctor ___2___ them she would need an operation immediately. My family became very ___3___ about my aunt’s situation.While my aunt was in the hospital with special ___4___, my cousin Mark, who is mentally disabled, spent time with my family. Mark was seventeen at the time, and had been born with ___5___ mental disorders, which created a wide range of social and physical problems for him throughout everyday life. He never had any true friend because no one could re late to him. I must ___6___ that at the beginning I was filled with uncertainty as to how much of a burden my cousin would bring on my family. Now looking back it saddens me to see the ___7___ I once showed.Over the two weeks when Mark lived with my family, I probably ___8___ more about life and its meanings. Thinking back, I took ___9___ in daily life for granted, believing it would always be there. I never even thought about being able to do things like walking, brushing my teeth, or going to the bathroom on my own. Now I see how ____10____ I am to be able to do these things independently.Mark was seventeen, but learned on a nine-year-old level. Although his learning ability was slower than most, he could ____11____ learn. He explored ____12____ to do most of the things everyone else did.____13____ he did pretty well and succeeded in almost everything he tried to do. He ____14____ his illness and showed an ambition to love life. To him, having a successful life means achieving goals on his own terms and at his own ____15____.Mark is my hero, for his disability has forever formed my viewpoint on life.1. A. made B. missed C. received D. used2. A. promised B. informed C. showed D. begged3. A. worried B. happy C. indifferent D. careless4. A. care B. action C. purpose D. interest5. A. mild B. severe C. temporary D. moderate6. A. believe B. regret C. admit D. decide7. A. weakness B. ignorance C. relief D. mercy8. A. forgot B. heard C. ignored D. understood9. A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything10. A. painful B. brave C. lucky D. successful11. A. seldom B. still C. hardly D. almost12. A. possibilities B. functions C. achievements D. difficulties13. A. Naturally B. Actually C. Obviously D. Accidentally14. A. depended on B. fought against C. suffered from D. focused on15. A. risk B. cost C. pace D. trialⅡ. 阅读理解（共16小题，每小题2分，共32分）第一节：阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

2023～2024学年第一学期期中考试高一英语本试卷共八大题，满分135分。

考试用时120分钟。

注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必用2B铅笔在“考生号”处填涂考生号。

用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的班级、姓名和考生号填写在答题卡上。

2．选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂照：如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。

3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区城内的相应位登上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。

不按以上要求作答的，答案无效。

4．考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。

考试结束后，将答题卡交回。

Ⅰ．单项选择（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）1．— You will hold the house-warming party this evening, right?— Yes. The party we have looked forward to ________.A. comingB. has comeC. cameD. is coming2．Was it ________ he was playing volleyball on the playground ________ he got hurt?A. that; whenB. when; thatC. that; thatD. where; that 3．Inside ______ an exhibition of the most up-to-date inventions of the 31st century.A. hasB. haveC. wasD. were4．We forgot to bring our tickets, but please let us enter, ________?A. can youB. shall weC. can weD. will you5．I don’t think anyone will volunteer to paint such a big house, ________?A. will theyB. do IC. don’t ID. won’t they6．The medical team ________ 12 doctors, most of ________ are from Guangzhou First Peopl e’s Hospital.A. is made up of; themB. is made up of; whomC. made up of; whomD. made up of; who7．In ancient China lived an artist __________ paintings were almost lifelike.A. whoseB. hisC. whichD. who8．The most important thing ________ we should pay attention to is the first thing ________I have said.A. what; whichB. that; whichC. that; thatD. which; what9．The student who ________ in the exam was criticized seriously.A. caught cheatingB. cheatingC. was caught cheatingD. was caught cheated10．— These problems are too hard to ________. Will you give me some advice?— There are many ways. The most important is to have a careful plan.A. work outB. cut outC. give outD. break out11．Who do you guess ________ where I ________ just now?A. lie; layB. is lying; layC. lies; laidD. lied; laid12．The train ________ at 10:30, so it ________ in 10 minutes.A. is starting; leavesB. is starting; will have leftC. start; will leaveD. starts; is leaving13．This is the day ________ we spent together ________ I shall never forget.A. which; in whichB. when; whichC. /; whichD. /; when14．After college, he applied ________ a job in Shanghai, anxious to apply what he had learnt ________ the daily work.A. for, toB. to; toC. to; forD. for, for15．Tom ________ the window ________ his attention was caught by a bird.A. was about to close; whileB. was closing; whileC. was to close; whenD. was about to close; whenⅡ．阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）AMost people above 16 years old have a strong wish that they should drive on the road by themselves. Thus, getting a license is an exciting time in their life. Ultimate Drivers is there to help your teen learn the rules of the road and gain important driving experience.What We OfferIntimate Drivers’ program will help students prepare for their road test and give them theskills they need to become lifelong safe and defensive drivers.The beginner program offers 20 hours of in-class training, 12 hours of homework assignments and 8 hours of in-car training. Each in-class training lasts 120 minutes and each one-on-one in-car training 80 minutes. What’s more, students can be picked up for free from home, work or school.What You Need KnowStudents can complete the classroom part of the course in just two weekends or if it better suits their schedules, they can take it during the evenings on weekdays. There are also classes offered during the holiday break.Students can start taking line classroom part of the driving training without the G1 license, but do need it by the time they’re ready to start the in-car driving lessons.What Extra Benefits AreThe beginner drivers can gain much through the program. After that they’ll receive stu dent testimonials (证明书). The testimonials show teenagers who have taken the course feel more confident in their abilities and many believe they couldn’t have passed the road test without it.Sign up before April 5th, and students can get an insurance discount (保险折扣)! 16．How many times does die program offer in-class training?A. 20.B. 12.C. 10.D. 8.17．What do students need to do to have in-car driving lessons?A. Get the G1 license.B. Finish the classroom part.C. Sign up before April 5th.D. Receive a student testimonial.18．What type of writing is the text?A. A review.B. An advertisement.C. A guide.D. An announcement.BI’ve been in an 18-year love-hate relationship with a black walnut tree.It’s a unique tree. In late September or early October, falling fruits as hard as baseballs threaten the skulls (头骨) of you, your children, your neighbors and those that reside next door to them. Umbrellas in the yard are a must while dining in early August, and as for me, I wear my bike helmet while working in the garden.The black walnut also releases a chemical substance through its roots as a competitive strategy. It’s poisonous to several common plants. There have been many new plant varieties tha t I brought home with hopes that maybe the black walnut would accept them, but they failed toflourish.What does work are native plants that naturally grow in the area. Native plants are important to have around since they provide beneficial pollinators (传粉者) like birds, bees and butterflies with seeds and contribute to a healthy and biodiverse environment. Native plants for this area are generally easy to grow, so they experience less stress.Have I thought of getting rid of this giant pain in my tiny backyard? Yes, however, getting rid of this tree standing at 50 feet with an 87-inch trunk is next to impossible. It’s also protected under the law. Rightfully so. Trees are important to the urban forest and for all of those that inhabit it.Sometimes I think about my life without the black walnut. I can’t imagine a spring without the birds who arrive every year and loudly sing their songs before dawn. I’d miss falling asleep on lazy weekend afternoons as I look up into its leaves.Every spring, I wonder what the season holds: What are the chances of being knocked unconscious while barbecuing? Like any good relationship, I’ll never be pleased. I’m stuck with this tree, so I’ll listen to its needs and give it the space it requires. In return, my walnut offers a habitat for wildlife and a reminder.19．Why does the author wear a bike helmet while working in the garden?A. To protect the injured skull.B. To prevent herself from sunburn.C. To avoid being hit by the nuts.D. To reduce the chance of getting bitten by bees.20．What is the tree’s survival strategy?A. It attracts beneficial pollinators.B. It lets out poison to drive away pests.C. It produces a chemical fatal to some plants.D. It competes for nutrition with similar species.21．Which of the following DOESN’T account for the author’s love-hate relationship with the tree?A. The volume of its fruits may bring inconvenience.B. The tree outcompetes the native plants in the garden.C. The tree is home to numerous birds and other creatures.D. The presence of the tree takes up much space of the garden.22．The author most probably got a reminder from the tree that ________.A. it’s better to give than to takeB. trees and plants have their own ways to flourishC. even a good relationship is not always trouble-freeD. acceptance, instead of resistance, is the better way to beCIt was raining like nothing before when Ehdaa Bujeldain, an English teacher living with her family in the mountains of Derna in eastern Libya , heard a loud noise that sounded like an explosion (爆炸). Later they learned that a dam (大坝) in Derna had broken down under the pressure of running water. For the next four days, they had no power or internet, and it was only recently that they started to fully understand of the damage caused by the floods.“Half of the city has been destroyed. My mom’s relatives, my friends, my coworkers ——they are all gone. Now we, the survivors, are just ghost s in shells,” says Bujeldain, whose sadness can be easily told from her blank expression.Five days have passed since the terrible flooding in Derna, Libya’s Red Crescent organization estimated that 11,300 people have died, while the city’s mayor believes the number of deaths could be as high as 20,000.Derna is a coastal city with a seasonal river called the Wadi Derna. Despite the abnormally heavy rain, people living near the river had little warning before the floodwaters came rushing in on that terrible morning. United Nations aid chief Martin Griffiths described the scale of the flood as “appalling” (令人惊骇的) and blamed the flood partly on sudden climate change.Now international aid teams are arriving in Derna, but they face challenges due to damaged roads, lack of access to power, water, and fuel. Tarhoni, doctor of the rescue team, warns that the most difficult weeks lie ahead. “One disaster is done and there is another to come,” he says. “The thousands and thousands of people who lost everything these people now need comfort, they need company, t hey need psychological support.”23．What do we know about Bujeldain’s family from paragraph 1?A. The explosion they heard led to the destruction of the dam.B. Bujeldain saved her family from the floods with her bravery.C. Bujeldain immediately recognized the outbreak of the floods.D. For several days, they didn’t fully realize the seriousness of the floods.24．What does Bujeldain mean by saying they are “just ghosts in shells” in paragraph 2?A. They run out of energy and are very tired.B. They feel lucky as they are safe and sound.C. They are completely saddened and shocked.D. They are sorry for the loss of their homeland.25．According to the passage, which of the following does NOT contribute to the loss of lives?A. The absence of warning.B. The extraordinary rainfall.C. Unexpected climate change.D. The damage to environment.26．What might be the main focus of international aid efforts in Derna?A. Addressing mental problems.B. Providing immediate medical care.C. Conducting climate change research.D. Rebuilding roads and access to resources.DBy the end of the century, if not sooner, the world’s oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate, according to a new study.At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny microorganisms (微生物) in the ocean called phytoplankton. Because of the way light reflects off the organisms, these phytoplankton create colorful patterns at the ocean surface. Ocean color varies from green to blue, depending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton. Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas, while reducing it in other spots, leading to changes in the ocean’s appearance.Phytoplankton live at the ocean surface, where they pull carbon dioxide into the ocean while giving off oxygen. When these organisms die, they bury carbon in the deep ocean, an important process that helps to regulate (调控) the global climate. But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the ocean’s warming trend. Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth, since they need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow, but also nutrients.Stephanie Dutkiewicz, a scientist in MIT’s Center for Global Change Science, built a climate model that projects changes to the oceans throughout the century. In a world that warms up by 3C, it found that multiple changes to the color of the oceans would occur. The model projectsthat currently blue areas with little phytoplankton could become even bluer. But in some waters, such as those of the Arctic, a warming will make conditions more suitable for phytoplankton, and these areas will turn greener. “Not only are the quantities of phytoplankton in the ocean changing.” she said, “but the type of phytoplankton is changing.”And why does that matter? Phytoplankton are the base of the food web. If certain kinds begin to disappear from the ocean, Dutkiewicz said, “it will change the type of fish that will be able to live on.” Those kinds of changes could affect the food chain.Whatever color changes the ocean experiences in the coming future will probably be too gradual and unnoticeable, but they could mean significant changes. “It’ll be a while before we can statistically show that the changes are happe ning because of climate change,” Dutkiewicz said, “but the change in the color of the ocean will be one of the early warning signals that we really have changed our planet.”27．What are the first two paragraphs mainly about?A. The cause of the changes in ocean color.B. The various patterns at the ocean surface.C. The way light reflects off marine organisms.D. The efforts to fuel the growth of phytoplankton.28．What does the underlined word “vulnerable” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. beneficialB. sensitiveC. significantD. unnoticeable 29．What can we learn from the passage?A. Dutkiewicz’s model aims to project phytoplankton changes.B. Phytoplankton have been used to control global climate.C. Phytoplankton play a declining role in the ecosystem.D. Oceans with more phytoplankton may appear greener.30．What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To explain the effects of climate change on oceans.B. To assess the consequences of ocean color changes.C. To introduce a new method to study phytoplankton.D. To analyze the organization of the ocean food chain.The Chubby Diaries creator is part of a community of larger-bodied travelers who are showing the world that they can do anything. Following them helps because you can be like, “Oh, this place works with larger bodies.” 31 .Second plane seats and belt extendersSouthwest is one of the few airlines to offer plus-size passengers a free second seat. To ensure the extra space, Southwest recommends booking both seats beforehand, then making a request to get your money back. 32 Southwest states: “The armrest is t he definitive gauge (测量仪) for a customer of size. If you’re unable to lower both armrests, you need a second seat.” Even if your frame fits between the lowered arms, you may still need a seat-belt extender.33 .Finding size nclusive tripsFor Natalie Robinson, ziplining (压缩) in Costa Rica determined her bucket list. “Literally for the last 10 years, that’s all I talked about,” said the co-owner of Fat Girls Travel. 34 . Her fortunes changed completely on an August trip to Costa Rica, when a friend found an outfitter without weight restrictions. The guide said Robinson could dash through the rainforest as long as she could reach the starting point high in the tree tops.35When researching a trip, ask about weight restrictions as well as the availability of equipment that can accommodate your size. If you have concerns, bring your own equipment. Plus-size travelers emphasize the importance of being self-sufficient. Finding special clothes and equipment can be challenging in unfamiliar destinations.A. Pack your own equipmentB. Find supportive travel groups and tripsC. Their extra efforts are paying off as they discover how to travel comfortably andconfidentlyD. Ziplining provides much convenience for those fat girlsE. Many airlines use the armrests to determine whether a passenger requires more spaceF. Air-lines provide this extra piece of equipment free, and you can request it at the time ofboardingG. But ziplining generally has a weight limit, so she hadn’t been able to do itYou might say I found marathoning, step by step. Or perhaps it found me. I was 36 an athlete growing up. In fact, I have a hard time 37 that term to myself even today.It started when I joined a group of women in my neighborhood for a daily three-mile walk. At first it was 38 . But soon, my body adjusted and I wanted 39 . Before long, I was running 5 miles. Then I set a goal to run a half marathon. And I did complete the Covered Bridges Half Marathon. I thought, “Now what?” I started to 40 a marathon.It so happened that I 41 a meeting one night and listened to the speaker and coach, Rick Muhr, and was so 42 by his words. I told him that I had signed up for the Ocean State Marathon, just a week away, and that I really didn’t believe I could 43 . Rick locked eyes with me and said, “Trish, you’ve done enough training. You’ll finish!”I never had someone 44 me like that, let alone a real, live coach. He gave me the45 I needed. I set out to run my 46 marathon and completed it in 4:25:00. Little did I know that this would be the beginning of nearly a decade of marathon and distance running. Running a marathon isn’t for everybody. But it is for anybody, anybody who wants to47 the unreachable and to take that 48 into the rest of their life. When you cross the finish line you may never have a 49 picture of what you are made of and capable of accomplishing. Your 50 of the world and, more importantly, of yourself will forever be changed!36．A. always B. rarely C. never D. nearly37．A. pointing B. applying C. turning D. spreading38．A. hard B. relaxing C. unfamiliar D. exciting39．A. some B. both C. more D. none40．A. report B. record C. recall D. consider41．A. held B. missed C. attended D. mentioned42．A. inspired B. disturbed C. embarrassed D. amused43．A. participate B. finish C. win D. run44．A. agree with B. rely on C. care for D. believe in45．A. confidence B. pleasure C. satisfaction D. motivation46．A. last B. first C. only D. second47．A. test B. identify C. imagine D. reach48．A. knowledge B. request C. principle D. experience49．A. bigger B. brighter C. clearer D. nicer50．A. view B. love C. description D. memoryⅤ．单词拼写（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）请用Welcome Unit～U4所学单词填空。

fast reading 英语解释Fast reading is a reading technique that involves being able to quickly process and comprehend large amounts of written information. It emphasizes the importance of speed and efficiency in reading, aiming to improve reading comprehension while also reducing the time it takes to complete a reading task. This technique often involves various strategies such as skimming, scanning, and using contextual clues to grasp the main ideas of a text without necessarily reading every word. Fast reading is particularly useful in academic and professional settings where there is a need to quickly gather information from multiple sources, but it can also be helpful for everyday reading of newspapers, articles, and emails. While fast reading can be a valuable skill, it is important to maintain a balance between speed and understanding, and to ensure that important details are not overlooked in the quest for rapid reading.快速阅读是一种阅读技巧，它涉及能够快速处理和理解大量书面信息。

Unit 1 fast readingThe Effects of China’s Push for EducationJANUARY 21, 2013The Chinese government is investing deeply in higher education, trying to create an educated work force to expand the economy beyond manufacturing.Is China becoming more of a competitive challenge to the United States, Europe and Japan through its rapid expansion of education? Will the nation’s focus on technical fields be a strength or a weakness?Good for China, and the Rest of the WorldWang Huiyao is the director general of the Center for China andGlobalization and a senior visiting fellow at the Harvard KennedySchool.The investment in education will expand the middle class in Chinaand will increase the consumption of goods and services from all over the world.The Chinese government in recent years has given unprecedented attention to the development of talent, hoping to combat emerging development issues and maintain the Chinese growth engine. The government’s plans are a blueprint for developing a highly skilled national work force within the next 10 years. Among the goals is the transformation of China from a manufacturing hub to a world leader in innovation – a grand objective. One step is to increase the pool of highly skilled workers, to 180 million by 2020 from the current 114 million. Another is to ensure that by 2020, 20 percent of the work force has had a college education. That would be 195 million people.For the past 30 years, 225 million migrant workers have made China into aworld-manufacturing powerhouse. The same principle will apply: nearly 195 million college graduates by 2020 will certainly change China and the world. This is apositive change, not only for China but also for the United States, Europe and Japan. The investment in education will expand the middle class in China and will certainly increase the consumption of goods and services imported from all over the world.Also, China for the past 30 years has sent 2.5 million students overseas, mainly to developed countries. Nearly two-thirds of them are still in these countries, and are contributing t o their work forces rather than China’s. Some, however, become “seagulls”(flying back and forth), which promotes economic and social exchanges between China and the outside world. This movement of Chinese talent will continue to benefit China and the rest of the world.China’s focus on education in technical fields will certainly be a strength as the nation strives to be more innovative. The technical work force has been falling behind and needs to be upgrade d. Nevertheless, China should also focus more on the social, public and humanities areas in order to have well-balanced development.China Wasn’t Trying to Take On the U.S.Zheng Yongnian is the director of the East Asian Institute at the National University of Singapore.The huge investment in higher education began as an effort to stimulate domestic demand.Will China, with an ever-expanding army of educated workers, beat the United States, Europe and Japan in the global competition for human resources? From our recent study on China’s higher education, the answer is "very unlikely" -- if no fundamental institutional reform is introduced.For one thing, the government-sponsored expansion in higher education was never meant to improve the general quality of higher education. When the policy was hastily put forward in the late 1990s, the goal was to raise domestic demand, relieve fiscal strain and delay young people's entrance to the labor market, rather than lifting the quality of the labor force. Later, the wholeexpansion drive developed into a government-sponsored tournament among the universities for administrative ranks, government money and sheer size of enrollments. Subjects that expanded fastest were not engineering, but cheap subjects like applied social sciences and management. The worst expansion mostly occurred among the lower echelon of the higher education system, whereas elite institutions like Beijing, Qinghua and Fudan have hardly expanded their undergraduate enrollments. As a result, graduates from second- and third-class institutes often end up earning a salary similar to or even lower than those of uneducated migrant laborers.In addition, China’s higher education expansion has not helped much in strengthening the country’s technical capacity. Technical schools have always been ranked at the bottom in China’s higher education hierarchy. In a country where the ideal career for youth is still the civil service and general degrees are the basic requirement for taking the civil service examinations, a technical degree is often associated with low social est eem. Not surprisingly, China’s best technical schools have in fact atrophied while higher education expanded, causing a nationwide shortage of skilled workers and technicians and bottlenecks in manufacturing. Although China’s good research universities tend to produce more engineers and scientists than humanists and social scientists, they do not help to improve the weak technical base of the nation's overall labor force.Luring Back the Chinese Who Study AbroadDavid Zweig is the associate dean of the School of Humanities & Social Sciences at the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, and the director of its Center on China’s Transnational Relations.If China wants to bring back the best, it needs a fundamental reform of its academic and scientific institutions.China is not only cultivating its own college graduates and experts, but also trying to bring back the sons and daughters who left China for higher education. While the number of Chinese students returning from overseas hasincreased dramatically, three nagging issues remain. First, the rate of return has remained approximately 30 percent for decades. True, in 2009 the numbers of returnees jumped to 115,000 a year, a threefold increase since 2007, but that increase is largely because in 2009, more than 240,000 Chinese students went abroad to study at all levels — high school, undergraduate and graduate degrees, a tenfold increase over 2004.Second, the return rate among Chinese who rec eived Ph.D.’s in the United States is shockingly low. Approximately 92 percent of all Chinese who received a science or technology Ph.D. in the U.S. in 2002 were still in the U.S. in 2007. This rate was well above India’s, which is in second place with 81 percent.Finally, China’s universities and scientific research institutes cannot draw back the ―crème de la crème‖ of its overseas talent. In late 2008, the Chinese Communist Party began the ―1,000 Talents‖ program, aimed at these supremely talented Chinese. Through a wide variety of terrific incentives —sometimes as much as $1 million — the party has encouraged academic and research institutes, as well as municipal governments, to ―bring back the best.‖The 1,000 Talents program has met with some success. As of summer 2011, 2,100 people had returned under this program. Entrepreneurs are much more willing to move back permanently; the academics and scientists in the program prefer short term visits and are reluctant to sail to China with all their belongings.So, why do the scientists and academics not return permanently, and what must the Chinese leaders do?If China wants to bring back the best, it needs a fundamental reform of its academic and scientific institutions. Most important, it must weaken the power of academic and scientific administrators. Too much money passes through the hands of these administrators, rather than being distributed through open, competitive, peer-review procedures. Similarly, in many institutions, promotion depends on your relationship with the dean or senior faculty and not your academic pedigree. Returnees, or those who hesitate to return, often say that in China, ―personal relationships are too complex‖ – a code for the backstabbing and petty jealousies and the need to cultivate ties with leaders in your own field.Not all institutions suffer from these foibles. Shanghai Jiaotong University has blind votes for tenure decisions; senior faculty get only one vote and no veto.Nationwide, more and more funding is being allocated on a competitive basis. Moreover, people in the next generation of leaders advocate more ―relaxed, tolerant and lenient‖ institutions.Today, China's leaders recognize the dilemma: Chinese who went abroad for PhDs, and have since become leaders in scientific and academic institutions overseas, will not return unless the system changes. The lack of reform, not funds offered by the state, determines where the really talented will settle.。

Fast reading (True or False Questions + Blank Filling)Directions: Read the following passages and then answer the questions. For questions 1-7, choose Y (YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage, choose N (NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage, choose NG (NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Passage OneWho Brings the Beauty to You?Using smart networking and a keen nose for the slight differences of retail, Andrea Jung rises to the top of the world’s biggest direct marketer of women’s products. When she began flirting with department store work after college her parents scoffed. When she started actually taking full-time retail jobs, they gasped, complaining bitterly that she was selling all they had invested in their little girl into the waste heap and lowering herself into the same class as street hawkers (沿街叫卖的小贩) and used-car salesmen.Her parents’ sneers, however, turned into applause when Andrea Jung moved to the top of retailing respectability by becoming President of Avon’s Product Marketing Group for the US (before moving on to become named CEO of all Avon in late 1999). Jung’s list of responsibility is enough to impress even the snootiest (傲慢) of parents. The Chinese-American oversees marketing, advertising and product development of all of the US, supervising 360 employees. On her slender shoulders now rests the responsibility of not only maintaining but growing the company’s $1.6 billion in annual sales. She also sits on the Board of Trustees of the Fashion Institute of Technology and the Board of Directors of the American Management Association.“No one in my family had a retail or marketing background,” says Jung, 41. “They were professionals. They didn’t understand just what I was doing by going into retailing. After I started, though, it got into my blood. I knew this was what I wanted.” Th is determined style sweeps across the landscape of her personal and professional life. Jung, every morning, takes her five-year daughter to the bus stop, and then walks to her mid-Manhattan office by 8 a.m. And she insists on returning home by 7:30 p.m. for dinner at home with her husband and daughter. Her professional style reflects her directness. She never shies away from seeking advice and aggressively seeking out the cultivated senior women executives to serve as her mentors.Introducing more Avon cosmetics to American women is no easy task. The 108-year-old company sells $4 billion of beauty goods every year around the world. It i s the world’s largest producer of mass-market perfumes, makeup and fashion jewelry. Every American woman knows the name and by the time they reach their mid-30s, most have picked the cosmetics brand they will remain loyal to. There are the customers Jung must win over if she is to make a success of her tenure at Avon. Increasing sales in a market saturated (饱和的) with beauty products and savvy consumers has proven a challenging task even for a giant of Avon’s stature. In 1993, the year before Jung came aboard, the company’s US sales dipped by 1% though sales in all other world markets increased, especially in Asia.The chance to boost US sales thrilled Jung when Avon offered her the job in January of 1994. After successful stints at exclusive retailers like Neiman Marcus and Magnin, she wanted to try her hand in the decidedly less glamorous but far larger mass-market segment. She expanded the number of products offered to long-time customers by introducing a line of lingerie and casualwear. This generated new revenue from an established consumer base. “We tried to be the first to come out with some ideas,” sh e says as she explains the need to constantly be on the lookout for new products. The next step involved increased advertising. These are all tricks of the marketing trade Jung gained from a 15-year career she had never intended to enter. But she is hardly an accidental success. Jung has been driven to achieve since the day she turned five, when her mother put her in front of the family piano and taught her how to bang out basic chords. “I was still taking piano lessons up until 18 months ago,” Jung says. “And if I had one thing I could add to my very full calendar, it would be that. That’s one of my personal goals because it helps balance all parts of your life and I really get a lot of enjoyment out of playing Mozart and Beethoven.” And Avon’s corporate cu lture also appealed to Jung. Women form one quarter of the company’s Board of Directors and nearly half of its senior officers. At Avon, Jung points out, there is no glass ceiling to stop her advancement. And how companies treat women has always played a major role in her decision-making. “I’m very selective in the companies I work for,” she says. “I started at Blooming dales because it was committed to developing women. When I went to Magnin in San Francisco, it was to accompany a female CEO, and because t here’s a strong Asian population in that city, I never encountered a glass ceiling because of my race.”Even if companies like Avon did not exist, Jung insists she still would have pursued a marketing career. It might mean banging her head against a glass ceiling, but Jung found the dynamics of marketing so seductive that any other career would have seemed dull as a long, flat stretch of desert highway. “I have a love for this business,” she says. “I have to have passion, or frustration would win out. But I love managing people. The product is second to managing people. And marketing to consumers is so challenging because it is evolving constantly.” While elasticity (弹性) spawns innovation, creativity and other qualities that generate exciting business, Jung believes routine promotes a successful home life. And like most corporate officers, she has learned to allot portions of the day to her family. Otherwise, she says, she would be swallowed by her career.1. After Andrea Jung came into college, she began taking full-time retail jobs which were supported by her parents.2. Every morning, Jung takes her five-year-old daughter to her office in mid-Manhattan by 8 a.m., and in the afternoon they often walk home.3. From the passage, we can clearly see that women play an important role in the companies of Avon and Magnin in San Francisco.4. In 1992, Jung went abroad to run her business with her husband and daughter in America.5. It was not long before she expanded the number of products offered to long-time customers by introducing a line of lingerie and casual wear.6. When Jung was only five years old, she began to learn piano lessons which she enjoyed very much and benefited a lot from.7. As a successful business woman, Jung knows well how to reasonably arrange everything that matters to her life.8. Jung, every morning, takes her five-year-old daughter to the bus stop, and then walks to her _______.9. By the time the American women reach their mid-30s, most have picked the cosmetics brand_____.10. Trying to be the first to come out with some ideas and increased advertising are all tricks of the marketing trade Jung gained ______ she had never intended to enter.Key:1.N2.N3.Y4.NG 5Y 6Y 7Y 8. mid-Manhattan office 9. they will remain loyal to 10. from a 15-year career。

Unit 1Alone in the Arctic Cold浏览次数：1374次悬赏分：50|提问时间：2008-3-15 15:03|提问者：喷火娃hoho|问题为何被关闭Day had broken exceedingly cold and gray,when the man turned aside from the main Yukon trail and climbed the slope,where a dim and little-traveled trail led eastward through the pine forest.The slope was steep,and he paused for breath at the top.There was no sun nor hint of sun,though there was not a cloud in the sky.It was a clear day,and yet there seemed to be a mist over the face of things,that made the day dark.This fact did not worry the man.He was used to the lack of sun.The man looked back along the way he had come.The Yukon River lay a mile wide and hidden under three feet of ice.On top of this ice were as many feet of snow.It was unbroken white,save for a dark hairline that was the trail that led south five hundred miles to the Chilcoot Pass.But all this----the mysterious,far-reaching hairline trail,the absence of sun from the sky,the tremendous cold,and the strangeness and weirdness of it all----made no impression on the man.He was a newcomer in the land and this was his first winter.The tuouble with him was that he was without imagination.Fifty degrees below zero meant eighty-odd degrees of frost.Such fact impressed him as being cold and uncomfortable,and that was all.It did not lead him to think about man's weakness in general,able only to live within certain narrow limits of heat and cold.Fifty degrees below zero stood for abit of frost that hurt and that must be guarded against by the use of thick,warm clothing.Fifty degrees below zero was to him just precisely fifty degrees below zero.That there should be anything more to it than that was a thought that never entered his head.As he turned to go on,he spat speculatively.There was a sharp,explosive crackle that startled him.He spat again.And again,in the air,before it could fall to the snow,the spittle crackled.He knew that at fifty below spittle crackled on the snow,but this spittle had crackled in the air.Undoubtedly it was colder than fifty below----how much colder he did not know.But the temperature did not matter.He was bound for the old mine on the left fork of Henderson Creek wher the boys were already.They had come over the hill from the Indian Creek country,while he had come the roundabout way to take a look at the possibilities of getting out logs in the spring from the islands in the Yukon.He wouldbe in to camp by six o'clock;a bit after dark,it was ture,but the boys would be there,a fire would be going,and a hot supper would be ready.He plunged in among the big pine trees.The trail was faint.He was glad he was without a sled,traveling light.In fact,he carried nothing but the lunch wrapped in the handkerchief.He was surprised,however,at the cold.It certainly was cold,he concluded,as he rubbed his numb nose and cheekbones with his gloved hand.一天打破了极其寒冷和灰色的，当男子出现，除了主要为Yukon的线索，以及爬上坡，那里暗淡和鲜为人知走过的古道主导向东透过松树forest.the坡度陡，他暂停呼吸，在top.there 没有太阳，也没有暗示的太阳，虽然现在还没有云在sky.it是一个晴朗的天气，然而，似乎有一种薄雾超过面对的东西，这使得每天dark.this其实没有不要担心man.he被用来缺乏阳光。

1.80 percent of U.S. businesses are overcharged on their phone bills while telecom companies reap profits from accidental billing errors1、D2、B3、D4、it's a surcharge and pay the bill without thinking about it5、Ignorance ;complacency2.The evolution of investments decision mode in China’s telecommunications1、D2、B3、A4、C5、C3.:Edison and American Electro-Technology (II)1、B2、B3、B4、A5、C4.Edison and American Electro-Technology (I)1、D2、A3、D4、D5、C5. A National Undertaking-Sports1. the way they were brought up2. professional physical educators/the coaches,systematic training3. honor and reputation to the college4. admission fee and loot from TV and radio-telecast and ads5. professionalism6.Wrestling1、folkstyle2、freestyle, Greco-Roman, judo3、the art of falling without injury4、Hard work, discipline, grace5、B7.Hacker or Mike?1、C2、D3、D4、D5、he is doing what everyone expects of him/he is not a professional player8.The God in Youth: Michael Jordan1、C2、C3、D4、B5、D9．The Official Mascots of the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games1．forest, fire, earth and sky2．prosperity, harvest3．the lush forest and the harmonious relationship between man and nature4．Dunhuang murals5.Tibetan Antelope10．Introduction to Mechanical Engineering1.C2.high speed of operation to obtain high rates of production, improved accuracy to obtain quality and economy in the product, and minimized operating costsrge power plants and complete nuclear power stations4.Jet aircraft, nuclear reactors5.they all value scientific methods other than traditional orintuitive ones11.Introduction to Mechanical Design1. the motion and structural aspects and the provisions for retention and enclosure2. it involves a lot of considerations, modifications, and also participations from all the people concerned3. C4. C5. D12.Fasteners1.D2. attain maximum effectiveness at the lowest possible cost3.its elasticity and locking characteristics4.self-tapping and drive screws5.B13.Engineering Drawing1.A2.B3. avoid time-consuming and costly hand lettering4. B5.C14.Introduction to Mechanism1. the characteristics of the motions of the links2. A3.B4. visualization of spatial mechanism is rather difficult and requires more powerful techniques5. self-aligning bearings15.English Cathedrals - (W~Y)1.B2.A3.D4.B5.C16.Museums in England (A~B)DBBAC17.Castles in England and WalesDCDAD18.Medieval Architecture1. educate as well as decorate2. barrel vaults, round arches, thick piers, and few windowscked of/abandoned classical line and proportion4.the pointed arch5.take advantage of peoples’ existing devotion to a particular place19.Eating Disorders: Facts about Eating Disorders and the Search for Solutions ACCBD20.The Cellular Basis of ImmunityBCBC5. the assembly process which generates enormous diversity of receptors21.HIV and Its TransmissionDDBCC22．Stopping Smoking: ASH's 15 Tips—Action on Smoking and Health1.0800-169-91692.relief of withdrawal from nicotine3.B4.be used with caution5.nicotine changes the appetite and body's energy use23．Weight Control: The Power of Healthy ChoicesDBDDC24．Chemistry and MatterDCCD 5.space and mass25．Introduction to Organic ChemistryCBBDA26．Processing of Energy and Natural ResourcesDDBDA27．Physical ChemistryCDBBA28.Structure and Application of Surfactants1.amphiphilic structure2.hydrophilic group3.selection of specific homologue mixture,not uniform substances4.foam stabilizers5.chemical stability29.Dealing with Computer VirusesDBCCA30.Working Off-line in IECDDBB31.The Computer and the PoetB2. only humans are capable of reasoning and it is humans' reasoning that really counts3. the initiative of humans in dealing with computerized world4. it is matched by the desire and ability to find out what they mean and whore they would lead5. man often fails to distinguish between the intermediate operations of electronic intelligence and the ultimate responsibilities of human decision32.The New InternetDBDBC33.Your Laptop Care GuideBCBDC34.Pablo PicassoCCADB35.A Deadly Sin—Creativity for All1-3.BBA4. art beings with craft, and that there is no art until craft has been mastered5.art is rare and sacred, and that there ought to be a wall of fire around it36.Modern Art Movements1. an orgy of pure colors2. classical and traditional art3. African tribal art4.Freud Jung5.objects from everyday life37.The Early New York Skyscrapers1.the southern tip of Manhattan Island bristling with towers2.not only the central architectural fact of his time but also its spirit3.century were designers able to escape the inherent limitations of masonry and brick4.building was flung open to those who were not alpinists5.what they were made of and how they were supported38.DDBBD39 ACCDB40 BBADC41 CCCDA421.six months2.prioritizing independent innovations; five years transferring3.technologies;local talents; 954.Lenovo; third largest5.fifth; South Korea; Germany; the United States, Japan and Taiwan43 CCDBA44。

U11无2在佛罗伦萨这个城市里，吃的、睡的、和呼吸的都是艺术。

人类艺术天赋的典范几乎矗立在每一条街上，成打的博物馆和美工艺品店等待着您去探索。

意大利的佛罗伦萨是艺术爱好者的天堂。

在文艺复兴时期（或称艺术重生时期），佛罗伦萨对艺术家们本身就是个天堂，事实上在五百多年前，文艺复兴就在这儿发迹了。

在这之前，艺术作品完全集中在宗教主题上，而文艺复兴时期的艺术则包含更多变化的风貌，艺术家们描绘一般人物的画像，也绘画希腊罗马神话中的历史和人物。

米开朗基罗是佛罗伦萨艺术家中的佼佼者。

游客们在阿卡得米亚博物馆前大排长龙达好几个钟头之久，为了一睹他感人的大作「大卫像」的丰采，这一尊十四英尺高的雕像已经成为文艺复兴时期最完美的一尊人物塑像，「大卫像」是一种典范，表现出米开朗基罗雕塑人像简洁而有力的风格。

在维琪奥宫可以看到更多米开朗基罗的作品，这栋建筑在1299年至1322年曾是佛罗伦萨政府的所在地。

著名意大利艺术家的画作和雕刻作品，摆满了宫中的各厅室。

米开朗基罗也协助装饰其外观，他在宫墙上雕刻头像，有一个传说提到，为了跟人打赌，米开朗基罗背对着墙，两手背在后面雕刻头像。

离维琪奥宫不远的地方座落着翡冷翠教堂广场。

华丽圆顶的翡冷翠教堂，或称「神的殿堂」，花了将近150年才建造完工（1294-1436），并由当时最著名的工程师设计而成。

今日的游客仍惊叹于这个圆顶，它是教堂中最引人注目像皇冠似的一景。

时至今日，在佛罗伦萨没有任何一栋建筑高过这个圆顶的。

教堂文物博物馆耸立于附近，这栋建筑曾经是那些为此座教堂定制艺术品的人的办公室，今天它收藏了过去装饰教堂外观的雕像。

稍作散步一番走过佛罗伦萨狭窄的小巷，游客将来到著名的乌菲齐美术馆。

这栋建筑建于1560年间，当年是作为办公之用（乌菲齐在意大利语中是办公室的意思）。

今日，它则以其出色的艺术收藏而自豪，游客们一定得穿着舒适的鞋子去参观，因为要一探这个美术馆得花好几个小时的时间。

收藏中一些著名的作品包括有波提切利的「春」和「维也纳的诞生」。

Unit 4学习单元四中有关The Suburban Century郊外的世纪The United States is a nation of suburbs. The 1990 census makes it official. Nearly half the美国是一个年轻的国家的郊区。

一九九○年的人口普查使它的官员。

近一半的country 's population now lives in suburbs, up from a quarter in 1950 and a third in 1960.国家的人口现在住在郊区的四分之一,而在1950年,三分之一在1960年创立的。

The third century of American history is shaping up as the suburban century. Until 1920 most第三世纪的美国历史是塑造成郊区的世纪。

直到1920年最Americans lived in rural areas. By 1960 the country was a third urban, a third rural, and a美国人都生活在乡下。

1960年第三个国家的城市,三分之一的农村,third suburban. That balance didn't last long, however. By 1990 the urban population had第三郊区。

这种平衡没有延续很久,不过了。

到1990年城市人口slipped to 31 percent and the rural population was down to less than a quarter. We are now a滑落至31%和农村人口是到不到一刻钟。

目前我们为suburban nation with an urban fringe and a rural fringe.郊区市镇边缘的国家与乡村刘海。