全新版大学英语快速阅读1翻译unit1概要

Unit One TextHow to Adapt to College Life Quickly课文译文如何快速适应大学生活当你第一次进入大学的时候，你会发现，大学生活和高中生活有很大区别。

在高中，我们总是依靠家长和老师帮助我们解决各种困难问题。

然而在大学，我们只能依靠自己。

除此以外，我们必须学会如何与同学、室友和睦相处。

几乎每个大学新生都经历过不同程度的紧张和焦虑情绪。

但是不用担心，现在给你一些建议，希望能帮助你尽快适应大学生活。

1、记住，不是只有你有这种情况。

你宿舍的每个人都有同样的情况。

和他们说说你的恐惧和焦虑。

他们可能也有同样的感觉，并且很乐意向你倾诉他们的感觉。

2、走出你的宿舍。

上大学的好处在于你可以与新的面孔一起重新开始生活。

他们不会知道你的过去，他们只会知道你希望他们知道的事情。

因此，尝试新的事物，不要害怕，试着展现新的个性。

弄清楚真正的自己，弄清楚你希望成为什么样的人，这是最佳的时机。

3、制定详细的学习计划。

学习计划应该包括：你的短期目标，每个阶段要阅读什么书籍，参加哪些课外活动，以及你每天的活动安排。

这会有助于你充分利用业余时间。

4、不要忘记享受大学生活！在大学里，要过得愉快，结交新朋友，和学习新知识。

而寄宿就是一个很好的方式。

和朋友们消磨时间，和学习伙伴一起努力备考。

做疯狂的事情，照相留念，分享有趣的故事----快活地渡过。

你只年轻一次！记住，你的朋友和你的父母都离你不远，只要你打一个电话就行。

记住，每个人的适应时间都是不同的。

从容以对，但最重要的是，学有所成。

Section 3 写作参考词汇faculty 学院department 系/部，institute 学院/研究院campus 校园,laboratory/lab 实验室auditorium 会堂/礼堂,gymnasium 体育馆/健身室information desk 咨询处library 图书馆art center 艺术中心clinic 医务室laundry room 洗衣室dining hall 食堂common room 公共休息室Administration Office 管理办公室computer center 计算机网络中心Student Accommodation Center 学生住宿管理中心audio-visual resource center 音像资料中心Law School 法学院Medical School 医学院Business School 商学院Faculty of EnglishLanguage and Culture英语语言文化学院Faculty of ElectronicEngineering电子工程学院Chemistry Department 化学系Faculty of Social Studies 社会学学院Mathematics Department 数学系Physics Department 物理系Physical Science Department自然科学系Management Institute管理学院Education Institute 教育学院Students’ Union学生会society社团registration form注册表membership application会员资格申请Recreation Center娱乐室Sports Hall 体育馆Activity Room 活动室playing fields 比赛场地tennis court 网球场football field 足球场volleyball 排球badminton 羽毛球racket 球拍Task 3 Give brief answers to the following questions. (p4)1. How do students solve all kinds of difficult problems at college?❖Students have to rely on themselves.2. How do most college freshmen feel when they first enter college?❖They experience some level of nervousness and anxiety.3. What does a detailed study plan usually include?❖It should include a student’s short-term goals, what books to read at a certain stage, what extra curriculum activities to participate in and daily activities.4. What is college about according to the passage?❖College is about having fun and making new friends as well as learning new knowledge.5. What could new students do when they are in need of help to adjust to the new environment?❖Just give a phone call to their friends and parents who are always ready to help.6. How do you adapt to your college life?❖OpenTask 6 Read the English sentences and translate the Chinese sentences into English.( P6) ❖ 1. What's more, we should learn to live independently.❖What's more, we lack necessary experience.❖ 2. Chances are that man will eventually land on Mars.❖Chances are that Grace will not come to the meeting.❖ 3. For this reason, many of his former friends turned against him.❖For this reason, I have decided to take teaching as my future career.❖ 4. This is a great time not only to learn new knowledge but also to develop ourselves in all aspects.❖This is a great time not only to relax oneself but also to experience new things.❖ 5. Reading English aloud in the morning will do you a lot of good.❖Cheating in an exam ruins one's personality.Section 4 Activity 2 Task 1 （p14）1) This is my friend Mary. She is a student at Binhai Technical School.这是我们的新老师史密斯先生，他来自澳大利亚。

Unit 1A-1Alone in the Arctic Cold一个人在北极严寒Day had broken exceedingly cold and gray, when the man turned aside from the main Yukon 一天打碎了非常寒冷和灰色,当那个人偏离主要育空trail and climbed the slope, where a dim and little-traveled trail led eastward through the试验和爬上斜坡,在那里的是一个朦胧而过去向东穿过了踪迹pine forest. The slope was steep, and he paused for breath at the top. There was no sun nor 松林之间。

坡率陡峭,而且他停顿了一下喘不过气来保持最佳的状态。

没有太阳和hint of sun, though there was not a cloud in the sky. It was a clear day, and yet there缕阳光,尽管他天空无云。

这是一个晴朗的日子,但在那里seemed to be a mist over the face of things, that made the day dark. This fact did not worry 似乎是一个蒙上了一层水汽表面看来,把这天黑暗。

这个事实不担心the man. He was used to the lack of sun.那个人。

他被用来缺乏阳光。

The man looked back along the way he had come. The Yukon River lay a mile wide and hidden 那人回头而且他已经来了。

育空河打下英里宽藏起来了under three feet of ice. On top of this ice were as many feet of snow. It was unbroken以下3英尺的冰。

全新版大学英语综合教程1课文翻译（Unit1-Unit8）Unit 1 Growing Up为自己而写拉塞尔·贝壳从孩提时代，我还住在贝尔维尔时，我的脑子里就断断续续地转着当作家的念头，但直等到我高中三年级，这—想法才有了实现的可能。

在这之前，我对所有跟英文课沾边的事都感到腻味。

我觉得英文语法枯燥难懂。

我痛恨那些长而乏味的段落写作，老师读着受累，我写着痛苦。

弗利格尔先生接我们的高三英文课时，我就准备着在这门最最单调乏味的课上再熬上沉闷的一年。

弗利格尔先生在学生中以其说话干巴和激励学生无术而出名。

据说他拘谨刻板，完全落后于时代。

我看他有六七十岁了，古板之极。

他戴着古板的毫无装饰的眼镜，微微卷曲的头发剪得笔齐，梳得纹丝不乱。

他身穿古板的套装，白衬衣领扣外的领带打得——丝不苟。

他救着古板的尖下巴，古板的直鼻梁，说起话来—本正经，字斟句酌，彬彬有礼，活脱脱一个橱稽的老古董。

我作好准备，打算在弗利格尔先生的班上一无所获地混上—年，不少日子过去了，还真不出所料。

后半学期我们学写随笔小品文。

弗利格尔先生发下一张家庭作业纸，出了不少题供我们选择。

像“暑假二三事”那样傻乎乎的题目倒是一个也没有，但绝大多数—样乏味。

我把作文题带回家，—直没写，直到要交作业的前一天晚上。

我躺在沙发上，最终不得不面对这一讨厌的功课，便从笔记本里抽出作文题目单粗粗—看。

我的目光落在“吃意大利细面条的艺术”这个题目上。

这个题目在我脑海里唤起了一连串不同寻常的图像。

贝尔维尔之夜的清晰的回忆如潮水一般涌来，当时，我们大家—起围坐在晚餐桌旁——艾伦舅舅、我母亲、查理舅舅、多丽丝、哈尔舅舅——帕特舅妈晚饭做的是意大利细面条。

那时意大利细面条还是很少听说的异国食品。

多丽丝和我都还从来没吃过，在座的大人也是经验不足，没有—个吃起来得心应手的。

艾伦舅舅家诙谐有趣的场景全都重现在我的脑海中，我回想起来，当晚我们笑作—团，争论着该如何地把面条从盘子上送到嘴里才算合乎礼仪。

Book OneUnit OnePassage OneDirections: You will have 10 minutes to read this passage quickly and answer the following questions from A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice.Chinese AlcoholAn important part of Chinese culture, the use of alcohol can be traced back to the dawn of the nation’s history. Over the centuries many different kinds of alcoholic drinks have been developed and brewing (酿造) methods as well as distillation (蒸馏) has become more sophisticated. At the same time the way of enjoying these desirable products has become a vital part of custom and culture.Alcoholic beverages have inspired many writers resulting in thousands of poems and other works relating to “the magic elixir” (长生不老药). People drink it when they are joyous and for fun. No formal dinner would be complete without it, while a toast can seal a business enterprise, send troops into battle with a prayer for victory as well as express a wish for the health and happiness of family and friends. One of the classic examples of the ceremonial use of alcohol is described in the famous story Romance of the Three Kingdoms. The three heroes in the tale, become blood brothers by drinking bowls of wine into which they have mixed drops of their own blood from cuts in their fingers. This act may seem extreme but was a symbol of faithfulness in those days.The symbolic serving and drinking of wine on various occasions and in different places can convey many meanings. It can express either joy or sorrow. In China, there is a saying that “a thousand cups of wine is not too much when bosom friends meet together”, which indicates the happiness between two close friends; whereas a poem by Li Bai, a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty (618 - 907), says, “releasing melancholy by wine, but adding more,” suggested a touch of sadness. There are frequent references to wine in well-known legends, as for example—“to taste the sweet osmanthus (木犀属植物) wine on the moon, produced by the beautiful fairy Chang’e when she felt lonely, is everyone’s dream”.Nearly all important occasions are celebrated with alcohol. The Spring Festival, which is a favorite time for family party, is probably one of the most meaningful when happiness is expressed by social drinking. During the Double Ninth Festival, people drink chrysanthemum (菊花) wine to drive away the evil and to wish their elders good health and long life. Of course, no wedding ceremony is complete unless the happy couple expresses their love for each other by linking their arms to drink to their future happiness (jiaobeijiu), after which they offer a dutiful toast to their parents to thank them for the care they have given to them as children. Similarly, birthday celebrations and the ceremony to mark the 100th day following the birth of a baby will be celebrated with a toast of wine. In South China, when a baby girl is born, her parents will brew alcohol for her, bury it underground and keep it until she marries. Then they take the jar up and paint pleasant pictures upon it to give greetings.Each ethnic group has some form of alcoholic drink with which to celebrate special festivals.For example, around the Spring Festival, Korean people drink their “suijiu” to which they add rice, root of the balloon flower, cinnamon (肉桂) and, red chili and so on, to protect themselves from demons.When drinking wine at table, both the host and the guests are expected to follow certain rules of manners and behavior.The glass should be full of wine, or else the guest will think they are lacking due respect. The elders and superior person or persons present should always be served first.A toast represents respect, while refusing to participate in a toast shows a lack of politeness or respect. Should a guest be really unable to take a drink, he has to find another to do it for him in order to save face.When making a toast, everyone is required to stand and lightly touch each others’ cup, ensuring that the junior’s cup is held lower than that of their superior. The cup should be emptied and inverted to show that no wine remains. Drinking with a single draught symbolizes courage. Those who cannot manage to do so should explain in advance in order to receive a kindly understanding of their situation and thus ensure that no one is offended.(714 words) Questions1. Chinese alcohol .A) has a history more than a centuryB) is developing rapidlyC) is enjoyed in more sophisticated ways than the westernersD) is an important part of Chinese culture2. The act of the three heroes in Romance of the Three Kingdoms is a symbol of inthose days.A) faithfulness B) courage C) happiness D) willingness3. Li Bai’s poem mentioned in the third paragraph expresses .A) sadness B) joy C) loneliness D) sorrow4. parents will brew alcohol for their baby girl for future use.A) During the Spring Festival B) In South ChinaC) On the wedding ceremony D) During the Double Ninth Festival5. Which of the following is NOT mentioned when people make a toast?A) E veryone is required to stand and lightly touch each others’ cup.B) The elders and superiors should hold the cups higher.C) People should ensure that the junior’s cup is held lower than that of their superior.D) Those who cannot drink with a single draught should explain in advance.Notes1. Romance of the Three Kingdoms:《三国演义》Passage TwoDirections: In this part,y ou will have 10 minutes to go over the passage quickly and decide questions 1-8 according to the passage. If it is true you fill “T” in theparenthesis, if not or false fill “F” in parenthesis before the sentence.Zhang Yimou—A Creative GeniusOn the eighth day of the eighth month of 2008, 2 billion TV viewers and thousands in attendance in the now famous Bird’s Nest enjoyed an unforgettable sight at the opening ceremonies of the Beijing Olympic Games.Behind it all was the creative genius of Chinese film director Zhang Yimou. Drawing from the depths of the Chinese culture and creativity of the Chinese people, showing ancient Chinese inventions—paper, printing, gunpowder, ceramics and the compass—that have shaped civilization and channeling the sensibility and spirit that unite his fellow 1.3 billion citizens, Zhang told China’s story to a watching world. He created arguably the grandest sight of the new millennium, and it was viewed by nearly one-third of the world’s population. With this work, Zhang obtained a high position shared by very few film directors in the world.In telling China’s story, Zhang explored the Chinese character he, or peaceful harmony—an ideal extremely important to Chinese culture. This level of creative artistry is rare in the controlled field of filmmaking, let alone in a multidimensional arena (多维的舞台) with thousands of performers and visual set pieces that seemed to be impossible—yet it was all happening live, before the eyes of the world.There is much legend surrounding Zhang’s rise to his world fame, given that his first job was as a farmhand and then a laborer in a cotton mill. But the story I enjoy most is that he gave blood over a period of months to earn enough money to buy his first camera. He was 25. When the Beijing Film Academy reopened in 1978 after the Cultural Revolution, he was 27, already considered too old to become a filmmaker and lacking many of the necessary credits. Bravely, he offered his photographic works and was admitted to the department of cinematography.Zhang became a filmmaker, and for the past two decades, he has inspired the world’s interest with China through his films. Not since the great British director Michael Powell has a director used color so effectively to tell stories. In Red Sorghum(1987), Ju Dou(1990) and one of his greatest works, Raise the Red Lantern (1991), the vivid use of red in the manufacturing of wine, the traditional wedding gown, the process of dyeing silk and even the dark red splashes of blood illuminate Zhang’s celebration of life, exoticism and death. Ju Dou was the first Chinese film to be nominated for an Academy Award; Raise the Red Lantern was the second.Zhang also brought the actress Gong Li to prominence, casting her in starring roles in six of his films. Together they are credited with introducing sensuality and eroticism to Chinese cinema. Western audiences are probably familiar with Zhang more from his action films: Hero(2002), House of Flying Daggers (2004) and his most Shakespearean work, Curse of the Golden Flower (2006).Zhang was no stranger to live theatrical events either. In 1998 he staged and directed Puccini’s opera Turandot at the Forbidden City in Beijing. He directed a folk musical in 2003 and staged it outdoors on the Li River. In 2006 he direct ed Tan Dun’s The First Emperor for New York City’s Metropolitan Opera.All this work and its complexity should have prepared me for the depth and breadth of Zhang’s vision, apparent even in its early stages wh en he first met me in 2005 about the Beijing ceremonies. We met on a sunny afternoon in East Hampton, New York, and I knew immediately we were going to become good friends. With the description of his idea on his computer, he showed me what he was thinking. I realized Zhang would be the creator-director of the Olympic ceremonies, with the honor of putting on what would become the greatest show on earth, with China at center stage. I was honored to have been one of the first people inspired by Zhang’s ideas.At the heart of Zhang’s Olympic ceremonies was the idea that the conflict of man foretells the desire for inner peace. This theme is one he’s explored and perfected in his films, whether they are about the lives of humble peasants or great nobles. This year he captured the theme of harmony and peace, which is the spirit of the Olympic Games. In one evening of visual and emotional splendor, he educated, enlightened and entertained us all. In doing so, Zhang secured himself a place in world history.(746 words) True or False( ) 1. The Beijing ceremonies showed the Chinese culture, creativity of the Chinese people and the quick development of China to the world.( ) 2. The opening ceremonies were viewed by nearly one-third of the world’s population. ( ) 3. The Chinese character he means peaceful harmony.( ) 4. Not until he was 25, was Zhang Yimou admitted to the department of cinematography. ( ) 5. Zhang Yimou’s Raise the Red Lantern was the first Chinese film to be nominated for an Academy Award.( ) 6. Gong Li became world famous by starring 7 of Zhang Yimo’s films.( ) 7. Zhang Yimou once discussed the Beijing ceremonies with the author in the USA in 2005. ( ) 8. The theme of harmony and peace is also the spirit of the Olympic Games.Passage ThreeDirection:In this part, you’ll h ave 15 minutes to read the passage quickly and answer the questions followed. For questions 1-7, mark Y (for YES) if the statement agrees withthe information given in the passage. N (for NO) if the statement contradicts theinformation given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is notgiven in the passage.The Mystery of StonehengeFor hundreds of years people have wondered about Stonehenge (英国的史前巨石柱), the great circle of huge stones on the Salisbury Plains in southern England. Who built it? How did they do it? And, most puzzling of all, why?The word Stonehenge means “the hanging stones.” We do not know who gave the place this name, but it is a good one. Some of the stone pillars (柱子) still stand, just as they did almost 4, 000 years ago. Across the top of a few of the pillars, connecting one to another, are smaller stones that seem to hang in space.Some people thought that Stonehenge was an old Roman temple. Others said that it was the work of Merlin, the wizard of King Arthur’s court. Still others said that it was built by Druids, religious leaders of the people who lived in England not long before the time of Jesus. In each case, people suggested the earliest groups that they knew about. Today we know more about prehistoric times, and we do not put Stonehenge into the earliest period we know.Scientists have done a great deal of digging at Stonehenge and at hundreds of other old stone circles around the English countryside. Joining each small piece of information together, they came up with a remarkable story.About 2300 B.C. a group of people came from the European continents to what is now England. The people in England before them lived by hunting, but the newcomers were farmers and herders. Using deer antlers (鹿角) for picks, they built huge round corrals (畜栏) with sides of heaped earth.About 2000 B. C. another group of people came from Europe. They began to use the corrals as temples and meeting places. Around 1850 B. C. these people started work on what was to become Stonehenge.About 150 years later a third group of people arrived. They have been called the Beaker people because much of their pottery (陶器) looked like the containers called beakers that chemists use.The Beakers became very wealthy and began to build up Stonehenge. They added a huge avenue to the circle and decided to bring stone blocks from Wales to place inside the circle.They chose eighty stones that weigh up to 5, 400 kilograms (six tons) each. As far as we know, these people had no wheels or animals to carry loads. They had to pull the stones by using large round wood as rollers. The Beakers must have taken the stones most of the way by water. It would be far easier to float them on rafts than to drag them over the hilly country. But a raft big enough to carry such stones on the ocean would be too big to travel up English rivers. The stones must have gone upriver on dugout canoes (独木舟), probably on two or three canoes roped together.How were these huge stones shaped and polished? Large stone hammers have been found atStonehenge. The workers must have heated a rock with torches where they wished to make a cut. Then if they poured cold water on the hot rock, the stone would be weakened and would break smoothly when cut with the hammers. The final shaping and polishing were done by teams of workers who struck the stone again and again and pulled grinders (研磨的机械) over it.Now the stones were ready to be put into place. The workers should use a strong machine to lift a fallen stone back on top of two others. But the builders of Stonehenge had only wood and leather rope. With these alone they set huge stones upright and lifted others to the tops of the columns.The biggest question about Stonehenge, its purpose, is still asked. Careful study has shown that different arrangements of the stones line up with twenty-four separate points. It was found that the sun and moon rose and set in different seasons in the years around 1500 B.C. By standing in different places, the builders could predict when the sun and moon would rise or set in winter or summer. Other studies show that the stones may have been used to predict things that happen in the sky.One thing is sure, though. Stonehenge will continue to attract people even if its mysteries are solved. The more we learn about it, the more remarkable it seems.(726 words) Questions( ) 1. The Stonehenge in southern England has aroused people’s great interest.( ) 2. Stonehenge has a history as long as 2, 300 years.( ) 3. Druids was religious leaders of the people in England not long after the time of Jesus. ( ) 4. The Beakers must have taken the stones most of the way on dugout canoes.( ) 5. People now doubt whether the builders in the ancient time were able to set huge stones upright and lifted others to the tops of the columns with only wood and leather ropes. ( ) 6. Study has shown that different arrangements of the stones line up with twenty-four separate points.( ) 7. The mystery of Stonehenge has already solved completely.Fill in the blanks8. The meaning of the word Stonehenge is ________________.9. The corrals were used as temples and meeting places in about ________________.10. It was who began to build up Stonehenge in around 1700 B.C.Passage FourDirections: In this part, you will have15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information givenin the passage.The Need for Environmental AssessmentEconomic, social and environmental change is closely related to development. While development aims to bring about positive change, it can also lead to conflicts. In the past, the promotion of economic growth meant people had a chance to enjoy better life; however, people were not aware there might be negative social or environmental impacts (影响). The need to avoid negative impacts and to ensure long term benefits led to the concept of sustainable development (可持续发展). This has become accepted as a key characteristic of development, if the aim of increased happy life and greater equity in satisfying basic needs is to be met for this and future generations.In order to predict environmental impacts of any development activity and to provide an opportunity to decrease negative impacts and improve positive impacts, the environmental impact assessment (EIA) procedure was developed in the 1970s. An EIA may be explained as:a formal process to predict the environmental effects of human development activities and to plan appropriate measures to get rid of or reduce negative impacts and to increase positive effects.EIA thus has three main functions:• to predict problems,• to find ways to avoid them, and• to improve positive effects.The third function is of particular importance. The EIA provides a unique opportunity to find ways in which the environment may be improved as part of the development process. The EIA also predicts the conflicts and limits between the suggested project, or program and its environment. It provides an opportunity for mitigation (缓解) measures to be taken to minimize problems. It enables monitoring programs to be set up to assess future impacts and provide data on which managers can take wiser decisions to avoid environmental damage.EIA is a management tool for planners and decision makers and complements (补充) other project studies on engineering and economics. Environmental assessment is now accepted as a key part of development planning and management. It should become as familiar and important as economic analysis in project assessment.The aim of any EIA should be to promote sustainable development. Beneficial environmental effects are maximized while negative effects are improved or avoided to the greatest possible extent. EIA will help select and design projects, programs or plans with long term development and therefore improve cost effectiveness.It is important that an EIA is not just considered as part of the approval process. Many reports produced for such a purpose, which are neither read nor acted upon, will lower the value of the process. A key output of the EIA should be an action plan to be followed during implementation (实施) and after implementation during the monitoring stage. To enable the action plan to be effective, the EIA may also recommend changes to laws and institutional structures.In the beginning EIA was seen by some project promoters as a limit to development but this view is gradually disappearing. It can, however, be a useful limit to unsustainable development. It is now well understood that environment and development are complementary and depend on each other, and EIA is a technique for ensuring that the two can reinforce each other. A study carried out by the Environmental Protection Agency (USA) in 1980 showed that there were significant changes to projects during the EIA process, obvious improvements in both environmental protection measures and financial benefits. Irrigated agriculture is such a good example.Irrigated agriculture is extremely important to the economy, health and welfare of a very large part of the developing world. It is too important to be ignored as it is vital for world food security. However, irrigated agriculture often greatly changes land use and is a major consumer of freshwater. Irrigation development thus has a major impact on the environment. All new irrigation and drainage (排水) development results in some form of degradation (退化). It is necessary to determine the acceptable level and to compensate (补偿) for the degradation. This degradation may extend both upstream and downstream of the irrigated area. The impacts may be both to the natural, physical environment and to the human environment，and large irrigation and drainage developments is environmentally sensitive.An EIA is concerned both with impacts of irrigation and drainage on the environment and with the sustainable development of irrigation and drainage itself. Clearly an EIA will not resolve all problems. There will be balances between economic development and environmental protection as in all development activities. However, without an objective EIA, reasonable decision making would be impossible.(743 words) Questions1. In the past, __________________.A) economy grew slowlyB) people didn’t know economic development might have negative social or environmentalimpactsC) people tried to predict environmental impacts of any development activityD) people enjoyed better life2. Sustainable development _____________.A) has become accepted as a key characteristic of developmentB) means quicker economic developmentC) lowers economic developmentD) aims to satisfy people’s basic needs3. Which of the following is not the mains function of EIA?A) To improve positive effects.B) To predict the possible problems.C) To plan appropriate measures.D) To find ways to avoid the possible problems.4. EIA aims _____________.A) to improve beneficial effectsB) to avoid negative effects completelyC) to benefit the present generationD) to sustainable development5. _________will lower the value of the EIA process.A) That EIA is just considered as part of the approval processB) Focusing on economic developmentC) Quick economic developmentD) The changes to laws and institutional structures6. EIA is now well understood that ___________.A) it is a technique for ensuring quick developmentB) it is a technique for ensuring environmental protectionC) it is a technique for ensuring that environment and development can reinforce each otherD) it is still a limit to development7. A study by the Environmental Protection Agency in 1980 showed________.A) environmental protection measures are improvedB) financial benefits are improvedC) neither environmental protection measures and financial benefits are improvedD) both environmental protection measures and financial benefits are improvedFill in the blanks8. change may have a strong effect on development.9. _____________ is very important to the economy, health and welfare of a very large part ofthe developing world.10. People can make _______________ if they have an objective EIA.。

1. 快速阅读练习答案I.1.A 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.B II.1.much thicker2.the atmosphere3.high-energ ultraviolet light rays4.oxygen , nitrogen , and carbon dioxide5.protect people from sunburn and skin cancer 单词和短语: Radiate radiate ['reidieit]基本翻译adj. 辐射状的,有射线的vt. 辐射;传播;流露;发射;广播vi. 辐射;流露;发光;从中心向各方伸展网络释义radiate:放射 | 辐射 | 幅射lotion lotion ['ləu ʃən]基本翻译n. 洗液;洗涤剂网络释义lotion:水 | 洗剂 | 洗液Ozoneozone ['əuz əun]基本翻译n. [化学 ] 臭氧;新鲜的空气网络释义Ozone:Eonsoftware Ozonerays rays [reiz]基本翻译n. 射线;光线(ray 的复数 ;日光浴v. 辐射(ray 的三单形式 ;照射网络释义rays:射线 | 高能 X 射线 | 软 X 射线Oxygen oxygen ['ɔksid ʒən]基本翻译n. [化学 ] 氧气, [化学 ] 氧网络释义Oxygen:氧气 | 氧 | 氧气激光切割OxygenNitrogen nitrogen ['naitrəd ʒən]基本翻译n. [化学 ] 氮网络释义Nitrogen:氮气 | 氮 | 痰气Surface surface ['sə:fis]基本翻译n. 表面;表层;外观adj. 表面的,肤浅的vt. 使浮出水面;使成平面vi. 浮出水面网络释义surface:表面 | 面 | 表面编辑ultraviolet ultraviolet [,ʌltr ə'vai əl ət] 基本翻译adj. 紫外的;紫外线的n. 紫外线辐射,紫外光网络释义Ultraviolet:紫外线 | 致命紫罗兰 | 电压不足Percentpercent [pə'sent]基本翻译n. 百分比,百分率;部分;百分数adj. 百分之的adv. 以百分之地网络释义percent:百分之 | 百分比 | 百分数helium ['hi:liəm]基本翻译n. [化学 ] 氦(符号为 He , 2号元素网络释义Helium:氦气 | 氦 | 命名为氦Late late [leit]基本翻译adj. 晚的;迟的;已故的;最近的adv. 晚;迟;最近;在晚期网络释义late:误点 | 暮 | 晚点atmosphereatmosphere ['ætmə,sfi ə]基本翻译n. 气氛;大气;空气网络释义atmosphere:大气 | 气氛 | 空气Dioxide dioxide [dai'ɔksaid]基本翻译n. 二氧化物网络释义dioxide:二氧化物 | 二氧化钛 | 二氧化碳gasgas [ɡæs]基本翻译n. 气体; [矿业 ] 瓦斯;汽油;毒气vt. 加油;毒(死vi. 加油;放出气体;空谈网络释义gas:气体 | 瓦斯 | 胃泌素Poles poles基本翻译n. 极点(pole 的复数形式 ;雪杖;杆位次数网络释义Poles:线数 | 极点 | 极数regions基本翻译n. 地区;地域;领域(region 的复数网络释义Regions:区域 | 地带 | 地区2. Is EI Nino BackI.1.D 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.BII.1.N 2.Y 3.NG 4.N 5.Y NinoNino基本翻译n. 尼诺(男子名网络释义NINO:二宫和也 | 尼诺 | 托雷斯单词和短语:Massivemassive ['mæsiv]基本翻译adj. 大量的;巨大的,厚重的;魁伟的网络释义massive:块状的 | 大规模的 | 整块的Orbitingorbiting基本翻译v. [航 ][天 ] 轨道运行;轨道运动;转圈(orbit 的 ing 形式网络释义orbiting:轨道运动 | 绕转 | 环绕phenomenonphenomenon [fi'nɔmin ən, fə-]基本翻译n. 现象;奇迹;杰出的人才网络释义phenomenon:现象 | 不一样的本能 | 痕迹Surroundingsurrounding [sə'raundiŋ]基本翻译n. 环境,周围的事物adj. 周围的,附近的网络释义surrounding:周围 | 环境 | 四周的governmentgovernment ['ɡʌv ənm ənt]基本翻译n. 政府;政体;管辖网络释义Government:政府 | 电子政务 | 电子政府Heads-upheads-up ['hed'ʌp]基本翻译adj. 足智多谋的网络释义heads-up:足智多谋的 | 轻松设计 | 一对一的对杀advanceadvance [əd'v ɑ:ns, əd'væns]基本翻译n. 发展;前进;增长;预付款adj. 预先的;先行的vt. 提出;预付;使前进;将提前 vi. 前进;进展;上涨网络释义advance:垫付款项 | 前进 | 进步Atmosphericatmospheric [,ætməs'ferik,-k əl]基本翻译adj. 大气的,大气层的网络释义atmospheric:大气的 | 空气的 | 气压的Administration ’ sadministration [əd,mini'strei ʃən]基本翻译n. 管理;行政;实施;行政机构网络释义administration:总务部 | 管理 | 经营Climateclimate ['klaimit]基本翻译n. 气候;风气;思潮;风土网络释义climate:气候 | 气侯 | 风气Predictionprediction [pri'dikʃən]基本翻译n. 预报;预言网络释义Prediction:预测 | 预言 | 预报Centercenter ['sentə]基本翻译n. 中心,中央;中锋;中心点adj. 中央的,位在正中的vt. 集中,使聚集在一点;定中心vi. 居中,被置于中心网络释义center:中锋 | 中心 | 场中心blownblown [bləun]基本翻译v. 风吹(blow 的过去分词adj. 吹制的,吹出的;开花的,盛开的;喘气的网络释义blown:开着花的 | 喷出的 | 欠账的emergencyemergency [i'mə:dʒənsi]基本翻译n. 紧急情况;突发事件;非常时刻adj. 紧急的;备用的网络释义emergency:紧急 | 紧急事件 | 紧急情况Predictpredict [pri'dikt]基本翻译vt. 预报,预言;预知vi. 作出预言;作预料,作预报网络释义predict:预测 | 预知 | 语言forecastforecast ['fɔ:kɑ:st]基本翻译n. 预测,预报;预想vt. 预报,预测;预示vi. 进行预报,作预测网络释义forecast:天气预报 | 预测 | 预报Billionbillion ['biljən]基本翻译n. 十亿;大量num. 十亿adj. 十亿的网络释义billion:万亿 | 盛永达 | 像素填充率damagedamage ['dæmidʒ]基本翻译n. 损害;损毁vt. 损害,毁坏vi. 损害;损毁;赔偿金网络释义Damage:损坏 | 损伤 | 伤害Extraextra ['ekstrə]基本翻译n. 临时演员;号外;额外的事物;上等产品 adj. 额外的,另外收费的;特大的adv. 特别地,非常;另外网络释义extra:额外的 | 特别客串 | 号外evidenceevidence ['evidəns]基本翻译n. 证据,证明;迹象;明显vt. 证明网络释义evidence:证据 | 证明 | 根据3. Wildlife ConservationI.1.D 2.C 3.C 4.C 5.B II.1.the global economy2.people in developed countries3.wild animals are becoming rarer4.bush-meat5.Women ’ s education单词和短语:Lifetimeslifetimes基本翻译n. 一生;使用期(lifetime 的复数形式网络释义Lifetimes:这一生 | 人生经历 | 活着existexist [iɡ'zist]基本翻译vi. 存在;生存;生活;继续存在网络释义exist:存在 | 检查变量或函数是否已定义 | 有Great apesgreat apes基本翻译类人猿;大猿类网络释义Great apes:大猩猩 | 类人猿 | 大猿类appearappear [ə'pi ə]基本翻译vi. 出现;显得;似乎;出庭网络释义appear:出现 | 似乎 | 呈现Resultresult [ri'zʌlt]基本翻译n. 结果;成绩;答案;比赛结果vi. 结果;导致;产生网络释义result:结果 | 成果 | 成绩threatthreat [θret]基本翻译n. 威胁,恐吓;凶兆网络释义Threat:威胁 | 挑战 | 威吓IndonesiaIndonesia ['indəu'ni:zjə,-ʒə]基本翻译n. 印尼,印度尼西亚(东南亚岛国网络释义Indonesia:印度尼西亚 | 印尼 | 马来群岛example [iɡ'z ɑ:mpl]基本翻译n. 例子;榜样vt. 作为的例子;为做出榜样vi. 举例网络释义example:范例 | 例子 | 实例Deforestationdeforestation [di:,fɔri'stei ʃən]基本翻译n. 采伐森林;森林开伐网络释义Deforestation:森林砍伐 | 砍伐森林 | 滥砍滥伐timbertimber ['timbə]基本翻译n. 木材;木料网络释义timber:木材 | 音质 | 木料Kinshasatimber ['timbə]基本翻译n. 木材;木料网络释义timber:木材 | 音质 | 木料avoidavoid [ə'v ɔid]基本翻译vt. 避免;避开,躲避;消除网络释义avoid:防止 | 规避 | 忌Disasterdisaster [,di'zɑ:stə]基本翻译n. 灾难,灾祸;不幸网络释义DISASTER:大灾 | 灾难 | 灾祸perspective [pə'spektiv]基本翻译n. 观点;远景;透视图adj. 透视的网络释义Perspective:透视 | 透视法 | 透视图Exportexport [ik'spɔ:t, 'eks-, 'ekspɔ:t]基本翻译n. 输出,出口;出口商品vt. 输出,出口vi. 输出物资网络释义export:出口 | 输出 | 导出beansbeans基本翻译n. 豆类;豆子;黄豆(bean 的复数网络释义beans:菽 | 黄豆 | 豆类Environmentenvironment [in'vaiər ənm ənt]基本翻译n. 环境,外界网络释义Environment:环境 | 环境贴图 | 环保simplysimply ['simpli]基本翻译adv. 简单地;仅仅;简直;朴素地;坦白地网络释义simply:只须 | 根本地 | 单纯地Attitudesattitudes基本翻译n. 态度,看法(attitude 复数网络释义Attitudes:态度 | 态度 | 如何发表意见preservepreserve [pri'zə:v]基本翻译n. 保护区;禁猎地;加工成的食品 vt. 保存;保护;维持;腌;禁猎网络释义preserve:持之以恒 | 保护 | 保持Plainlyplainly ['pleinli]基本翻译adv. 明白地;坦率地;平坦地;朴素地网络释义plainly:明明 | 平坦地 | 简单地economiceconomic [,i:kə'n ɔmik]基本翻译adj. 经济的,经济上的;经济学的网络释义Economic:经济 | 经济上的 | 经济环境Conservationconservation [,kɔns ə'vei ʃən]基本翻译n. 保存,保持;保护网络释义conservation:守恒 | 保护 | 清洁flagshipflagship ['flæɡʃip]基本翻译n. 旗舰; (作定语一流;佼佼者网络释义Flagship:旗舰 | 旗舰店 | 旗舰工作室Conflictconflict [kən'flikt, 'kɔnflikt]基本翻译n. 冲突,矛盾;斗争;争执vi. 冲突,抵触;争执;战斗网络释义conflict:冲突 | 抵触 | 矛盾reproductivereproductive [,ri:prə'd ʌktiv]基本翻译adj. 生殖的;再生的;复制的网络释义reproductive:生殖的 | 复现的 | 发育毒性speciesspecies ['spi:ʃi:z, -si:z]基本翻译n. [生物 ] 物种;种类adj. 物种上的网络释义species:物种 | 种 | 种类4. PetsI.1.D 2.A 3.C 4.C 5.C II.1.Y 2.N 3.N 4.Y 5.Y 单词和短语Culturescultures ['kʌlt ʃəz]基本翻译n. 文明,文化(culture 复数网络释义Cultures:文化 | 文明 | 维京物语positionposition基本翻译n. 位置,方位;职位,工作;姿态;站位 vt. 安置;把放在适当位置网络释义position:职位 | 定位 | 职务Stancesstances基本翻译n. 姿态(stance 的复数 ;步型网络释义Stances:法步 | 此外抑制生长物质 | 步型 EuropeEurope ['juər əp]基本翻译n. 欧洲网络释义Europe:欧罗巴洲 | 欧洲 | 欧罗巴Dessertdessert [di'zə:t]基本翻译n. 餐后甜点;甜点心网络释义dessert:饭后甜食 | 甜食 | 餐后甜点varietyvariety [və'rai əti]基本翻译n. 多样;种类;杂耍网络释义variety:变化 | 品种 | 多样性Affordafford [ə'f ɔ:d]基本翻译vt. 给予,提供;买得起网络释义afford:负担得起 | 给予 | 供应得起restaurantrestaurant ['restər ɔŋ, -r ɔnt, -rənt] 基本翻译n. 餐馆; [经 ] 饭店网络释义restaurant:饭店 | 餐厅 | 餐Mansionmansion ['mænʃən]基本翻译n. 大厦;宅邸网络释义Mansion:大厦 | 官邸 | 豪宅generallygenerally ['dʒen ər əli]基本翻译adv. 通常;普遍地,一般地网络释义generally:广泛地 | 素日 | 一般gourmetgourmet ['ɡu əmei]基本翻译n. 美食家网络释义gourmet:美食家 | 美食 | 美食者5.William H. Gates IIII.1.C 2.C 3.A 4.B 5.BII.1.Microsoft Corporation2.a valuable toolSpeed of Tpought; The Road Aheadputers;philanthropy5.Seattle单词和短语:Softwaresoftware ['sɔftwεə, 'sɔ:-]基本翻译n. 软件网络释义software:软设备 | 程序architectarchitect ['ɑ:kitekt]基本翻译n. 建筑师网络释义Architect:建筑工程师 | 建设师 | 架构设计师Corporationcorporation [,kɔ:pə'rei ʃən]基本翻译n. 公司;法人(团体 ;社团;大腹便便;市政当局网络释义Corporation:公司 | 法人 | 法团attendedattended [ə'tendid]基本翻译v. 参加;注意;照料(attend 的过去分词 ;伴随网络释义attended:值班的 | 参加Elementaryelementary [,eli'mentəri]基本翻译adj. 基本的;初级的; [化学 ] 元素的网络释义elementary:基本的 | 初步的 | 学前lakeside schoollakeside ['leiksaid]基本翻译n. 湖边网络释义Lakeside:湖畔 | 湖滨 | 湖岸Programmingprogramming ['prəu ɡræmiŋ, -ɡr ə-]基本翻译n. 设计,规划;编制程序, [计 ] 程序编制网络释义Programming:规划 | 程序设计 | 程序编制executiveexecutive [iɡ'zekjutiv]基本翻译n. 经理;执行委员会;执行者;经理主管人员 adj. 行政的;经营的;执行的,经营管理的网络释义Executive:执法者 | 高中级管理人员 | 销售代表Microcomputermicrocomputer [,maikrəuk əm'pju:tə]基本翻译n. 微电脑; [计 ] 微型计算机网络释义microcomputer:微计算机 | 微型计算机 | 微型电脑technologytechnology [tek'nɔl əd ʒi]基本翻译n. 技术;工艺;术语网络释义 Technology:技术 | 科技 | 高科技 Published published 基本翻译 adj. 已发布的 v. 出版；发行（publish 的过去式）网络释义 published:公布的 | 出版 | 发布时间 critical critical ['kritikəl] 基本翻译 adj. 鉴定的；[核] 临界的；批评的，爱挑剔的；危险的；决定性的；评论的网络释义 critical:临界的 | 批评的 | 关键性的Amazon amazon 基本翻译亚马逊；古希腊女战士网络释义 Amazon:亚马逊 | 亚马逊公司 | 亚马逊丛林 non-profit non-profit [nəu'prɔfit] 基本翻译 adj. 非营利的网络释义 Non-Profit:非盈利 | 非营利 | 非赢利性的 gates gates 基本翻译 n. 大门；关口（gate 的复数形式） v. （英）禁止外出；给安装门（gate 的第三人称单数）网络释义 GATES:美国盖茨 | 盖茨 | 盖兹 philanthropic philanthropic [,filən'θrɔpik] 基本翻译 adj. 博爱的；仁慈的网络释义 philanthropic:慈善的 | 博爱的 6.Alan Greenspan I.1.D 2.D 3.C II.1.Y 2.N 3.Y 4.C 4.N 5.A 5.N 单词和短语：单词和短语： Alan Greenspan Alan Greenspan 基本翻译 n. 艾伦·格林斯潘（美联储主席）网络释义 Alan Greenspan:格林斯潘 | 艾伦·格林斯潘 | 葛林斯潘 arguably arguably ['ɑ:ɡjuəbli] 基本翻译 adv. 可论证地；可争辩地；正如可提出证据加以证明的那样地网络释义 arguably:可争辩地 Individuals individuals 基本翻译 n. 个人；个体（individual 的复数）网络释义 individuals:个人的 | 独特的 | 个体的 demonstrated demonstrate ['demənstreit] 基本翻译 vt. 证明；展示；论证 vi. 示威 Economic economic [,i:kə'nɔmik] 基本翻译 adj. 经济的，经济上的；经济学的网络释义 Economic:经济 | 经济上的 | 经济环境 companies companies [kɔmpənis]基本翻译 n. 公司，企业；伙伴（company 的复数形式）；公司财产 v. 陪伴，伴随（company 的三单形式）网络释义 Companies:公司 | 公司财产 | 伴随 Federal Reserve Board Federal Reserve Board 基本翻译（美国）联邦储备金监察小组网络释义 Federal Reserve Board:理事会 | 美国联邦储备委员会 | 联邦储备局 President president ['prezidənt] 基本翻译 n. 总统；董事长；校长网络释义 president:校长 | 副校长 | 副会长 Ronald Reagan Ronald Reagan 基本翻译罗纳德·里根（美国前总统）网络释义 Ronald Reagan:罗纳德·里根 | 罗纳德里根 | 里根总统 Stockbroker stockbroker ['stɔk,brəukə] 基本翻译 n. [金融] 股票经纪人网络释义 stockbroker:股票经纪人 | 证券和股票经纪人 | 股票swing swing [swiŋ] 基本翻译 n. 摇摆；摆动；秋千；音律；涨落 adj. 旋转的；悬挂的；强节奏爵士音乐的 vt. 使旋转；挥舞；悬挂vi. 摇摆；转向；悬挂；大摇大摆地行走网络释义 swing:挥击 | 摇摆乐 | 秋千Degrees degrees 基本翻译 n. 角度，学历；度数（degree 的复数）网络释义degrees:学位 | 分度 | 角度 eventually eventually [i'ventʃuəli] 基本翻译 adv. 最后，终于网络释义 eventually:终于 | 终究 | 终归 Politically politically [pə'litikli] 基本翻译 adv. 政治上网络释义 politically:在政治上 | 贤明地 | 政治上 route route [ru:t, raut] 基本翻译 n. 路线；航线；通道 vt. 按某路线发送网络释义 route:路由 | 路径 | 路线。

Unit 1 How to Improve Your Study Habits你也许是个智力一般的普通学生。

你在学校的学习成绩还不错，可你也许会觉得自己永远也成不了优等生。

然而实际情况未必如此。

你要是想取得更好的分数，也还是能做到的。

是的，即使中等智力水平的学生，在不增加学习负担的情况下，也能成为优等生。

其诀窍如下：1．仔细安排你的时间。

把你每周要完成的任务一一列出来，然后制定一张时间表或时间分配图。

先把用于吃饭、睡觉、开会、听课等这样一些非花不可的时间填上，然后再选定合适的固定时间用于学习。

一定要留出足够的时间来完成正常的阅读和课外作业。

当然，学习不应把作息表上的空余时间全都占去，还得给休息、业余爱好和娱乐活动留出一定的时间，这一点很重要。

这张周作息表也许解决不了你所有的问题，但是它会使你比较清楚地了解你是怎样使用你的时间的。

此外，它还能让你安排好各种活动，既有足够的时间工作，也有足够的时间娱乐。

2．寻找一个合适的地方学习。

选定某个地方作为你的“学习区”。

这可以是家里或者学校图书馆里的一张书桌或者一把椅子，但它应该是舒适的，而且不该有干扰。

在你开始学习时，你应能够全神贯注于你的功课。

3．阅读之前先略读。

这就是说，在你仔细阅读一篇文章之前，先把它从头至尾迅速浏览一遍。

在预习材料时，你就对它的内容及其结构有了大致的了解。

随后在你正式开始阅读时，你就能辨认出不太重要的材料，并且可以略去某些章节不读。

略读不仅使你的阅读速度提高一倍，还有助于提高你的理解能力。

<4．充分利用课堂上的时间。

上课时注意听讲意味着课后少花力气。

要坐在能看得见、听得清的地方。

要作笔记来帮助自己记住老师讲课的内容。

5．学习要有规律。

课后要及早复习笔记。

重温课堂上提到的要点，复习你仍然混淆不清的地方。

阅读教科书上讲到这些内容的有关章节。

如果你知道第二天老师要讲述的内容，那你就把这部分材料浏览一下。

这有助于你听懂下一堂课。

如果你定期复习笔记和课本，你就能更深刻地领会这些材料的内容，你的记忆也会保持得更长久。

成长的烦恼我想这不是苏格兰节。

我们不知道发生了什么，或者如果皮蓬只是感觉他的年龄。

毕竟，如何发展是一个四岁应有的行为吗？但要真正了解发生了什么，让我们从头开始。

玛丽和我已经邀请了我的侄子，皮蓬，在他星期日的晚餐。

我们一直期待有他因为他是个整洁的小男孩。

在这个特别的夜晚，他照常准时到达。

然而，而不是拥抱和亲吻，皮蓬刚刚推过去我们奔向沙发。

我再看一次确认这是正确的小男孩。

当我们等待烤chicken-scottie的favorite-to完成烹饪，我们坐在沙发上聊天。

在中东的一个句子，皮蓬突然说，“嘿，阿诺德叔叔，我想玩我的记录。

”谈话停了下来。

一分钟后，球员的纪录是在尽可能用“迪斯科”。

皮蓬是唱歌和跳舞，在房间的中间。

玛丽和我说话，但我不能听到她说。

我很困惑，我让这个问题只有通过轻微的评论。

不久，晚餐服务。

我们坐下来，点着蜡烛，开始吃。

苏格兰通常会是第一个开始吃，但今晚他只是坐在那里盯着我。

”你不饿吗。

我问。

”是的，”斯科特。

”然后你不去吃？”不，我不能，”他回答。

”这是你最喜欢的晚餐，说：“我的妻子。

”我不想吃，”斯科特。

不重视他的奇怪行为的时候，我说，“好的，如果你不想吃饭，你没有吃。

你可以坐，让我们公司直到我们完成我们的美味佳肴。

”我们继续我们的晚餐，皮蓬的脸看起来很困惑，不确定的。

宴会结束后，我们开始收拾盘子，离开斯考蒂坐在那里，看着他的脸上失望的。

当我把菜含有烤牛肉，他实在忍受不。

他站起来，把他的整个表餐巾。

不幸的是，它击中一个蜡烛着火了。

我不知道是谁喊的声音，自己或斯科特。

我们都站在那里，害怕的表情在脸上。

我把餐巾放出来。

斯考蒂开始哭泣。

”我很抱歉，”他说。

”我只是想成为丹尼斯。

我的老师给我们读了书中关于丹尼斯的威胁，我们认为所有的事情他很有趣。

但他们不是有趣当我做。

我不想成为丹尼斯的任何更多。

”我们很高兴他不是丹尼斯，只是我们的小朋友。

工作时你成长厨房manager-joe我一直在一家咖啡馆叫太平洋甜点两年。

Unit 1The idea of becoming a writer had come to me off and on since my childhood in Belleville, but it wasn't until my third year in high school that the possibility took hold.从孩提时代，我还住在贝尔维尔时，我的脑子里就断断续续地转着当作家的念头，但直等到我高中三年级，这—想法才有了实现的可能。

Lying on the sofa, I finally faced up to the unwelcome task, took the list out of my notebook, and scanned it. The topic on which my eye stopped was “The Art of Eating Spaghetti.”我躺在沙发上，最终不得不面对这一讨厌的功课，便从笔记本里抽出作文题目单粗粗……看。

我的目光落在“吃意大利细面条的艺术”这个题目上。

When I finished it the night was half gone and there was no time left to compose a proper, respectable essay for Mr. Fleagle.等我写完时已是半夜时分，再没时间为弗利格尔先生写一篇循规蹈矩、像模像样的文章了。

I did my best to avoid showing pleasure, but what I was feeling was pure delight at this demonstration that my words had the power to make people laugh.我尽力不流露出得意的心情，但是看到我写的文章竟然能使别人大笑，我真是心花怒放。

When we are writing we are often told to keep our readers in mind, to shape what we say to fit their tastes and interests. But there is one reader in particular who should not be forgotten. Can you guess who? Russell Baker surprised himself and everyone else when he discovered the answer.我们写作时常常被告诫，脑子里要有读者，笔者所云一定要符合读者的口味和兴趣。

但有一位读者特别不该忘记。

你能猜出是谁吗？当拉塞尔·贝克找到这个问题的答案时，他自己和别人都感到大为惊讶。

Writing for MyselfRussell Baker 1 The idea of becoming a writer had come to me off and on since my childhood in Belleville, but it wasn't until my third year in high school that the possibility took hold. Until then I've been bored by everything associated with English courses. I found English grammar dull and difficult.I hated the assignments to turn out long, lifeless paragraphs that were agony for teachers to read and for me to write.为自己而写拉塞尔·贝克从孩提时代，我还住在贝尔维尔时，我的脑子里就断断续续地转着当作家的念头，但直等到我高中三年级，这一想法才有了实现的可能。

Unit 1I. Directions:Read the following passages, and then select the best choice for each of the questions or incomplete statements.Passage 1It was Monday, and Mrs. Smith‟s dog was hungry, but there was not any meat in the house.Considering that there was no better way, Mrs. Smith took a piece of paper, and wrote: “Give my dog half a pound of meat.”Then she gave the paper to her dog and said gnetly, “Take this to the butcher, and he‟s going to give you your lunch today.”Holding the piece of paper in its mouth, the dog ran to the butcher‟s. It gave the paper to the butcher. The butcher read it carefully, recognized it was really the lady‟s handwriting and did as he was asked. The dog was very happy, and ate the meat up immediately.At midday, the dog returened to the shop. It gave the butcher a piece of paper again. After reading it, he gave it half a pound of meat once more.The next day, the dog came again exactly at midday. And as usual, it brought a piece of paper in its mouth. This time, the butcher did not look at the paper, and gave the dog its meat, for he had regarded the dog as one of his customers.But, the dog came again at four o‟oclock, and brought with it a third piece of paper. The butcher felt a bit puzzled. He said to himself, “This is a small dog. Why does Mrs Smith give it so much meat to eat today?”Looking at the piece of paper, he found that there were not any words on it!(Words: 276)1. When Mrs. Smith found there was no meat in the house, she ___________ .A)went to the butchers‟B)wrote a noteC)shouted at the dogD)sold her dog2. The butcher gave the dog some meat the next day, because he _____________ .A)read the paperB)saw the paperC)felt sorry for the dogD)wanted the dog to go away3. The writer of this passage suggests that the butcher was fooled because ________ .A)he could not readB)the dog cound writeC)he was a creature of habitD)the dog looked hungry4. In total, how much meat did the dog get form the butcher?A)Half a pound.B) A pound.C)One and a half pounds.D)Two pounds.5. It can be learned from the passage that the dog was __________ .A)lovelyB)smartC)naughtyD)troublesomePassage 2Most people rest and relax when they are old. They do not work. And most people certainly are not famous. But Grandma Moses is different. She starts a new job at age 76. This is her story. It begins in 1860. She is born a poor farmer‟s daughter. Her parents name her Anna Mary Robertson.She is one of 10 children. She works on other people‟s farms to make money. It is 1887. She marries Thomas Moses. He is a farm worker, too. They both work on a farm.Now it is 1930. Anna Mary Moses is 70 and a grandmother. She paints pictures. She makes paintings of country life. One day, her daughter takes her paintings to a store in town. Her paintings are put in the window. A man from New Y ork sees the paintings in the window and buys them. And he wants more!The man likes Grandma Moses‟paintings. He wants to help her. So he takes her paintings to galleries (画廊) in New Y ork. Otto Kallir has a famous gallery there. He likes the paintings by Grandma Moses. Now it is 1940 and Grandma Moses‟paintings are in Kallir‟s gallery. She is 80 years old.Grandma Moses suddenly becomes famous. Everyone wants her paintings. So she paints more and more. She wins many prizes for her paintings. She becomes famous in the United Stats and Europe.When she is 100 years old, the state of New Y ork makes her birthday “Grandma Moses Day.”After her 100th birthday, she paints 6 more paintings. She dies at age 101. She leaves 11 grandchildren, 31 great-grandchildren, and a lot of people who think she is amazing.(Words: 277)1. How does Grandma Moses differ form most other old people?A)She has more grandchildren.B)She makes more friends.C)She likes an easy life.D)She starts a new job.2. Grandma Moses doesn’t paint pictures until __________ .A)she is 60 years oldB)she becomes a grandmotherC)her husband diesD)her daughter asks her to do that3. Grandma Moses’ paintings are first noticed by ___________ .A)her daughterB)the owner of town storeC)a man from New Y orkD)Otto Kallir4. The writer of the passage suggests that _____________ .A)many people buy her paintings only because she is famousB)Grandma Moses is too old to paint at the age of 100C)many people like her paintings but do not like herD)it is never too late to start a new job5. The best title for the passage is __________.A)Grandma Moses‟ DayB)Grandma Moses‟ LifeC)Grandma Moses and FameD)Grandma Moses and PaintingII. Directions: Read the following passages, and then fill in the blanks with the missing information.Passage 3Imagine a classrom missing the one thing that has long been considered a necessary part to reading and writing: paper. No notebooks, no textbooks, no test paper. And there are no pencils or pens, which, after all, always seem to run out of ink at the critical moment.A “paperless classroom”is what more and more schools are trying to achieve. Students don‟t do any handwriting in this class. Instead, they use palm-sized (手掌大小的，掌上的), or specially-designed computers. The teacher downloads（下载）texts from Internet libraries and sends them to every student‟s personal computer.Having computers also means that students can search the Web. They can look up information on any subject they‟re studying, from math to social science.And exams can go oneline, too. At a school in Tennessee, U.S.A., students take tests on their own computers. The teacher records the grades on the network for everyone to see and then copies them into his or her own electronic grade book.A paperless classroom is a big step towards reducing the waste fo paper. The school teacher, Stephanie Sorrell in Kentuky, U.S.A., said she used to give about 900 pieces of paper each week to the students. “Think about the money and trees we could save with the computers,” she said.But, with all this technology, there‟s always the risk that the machines will break down. So, in case of a power failure or technical problem, paper textbooks are still widely available for these hi-tech students.(Words: 244)1. Students use ___________________ instead of doing any handwriting in a paperless classroom.2. Texts for a paperless classroom are from ____________________________________ .3. When an exam goes online, the teacher will easily ____________________________ .4. The last but one paragraph mainly tells us that ___________________ can be saved by the use of computers.5. Paper textbooks are used in a paperless classroom if __________________________ .Passage 4Wally worked in a shop that sold clocks. One day his next door neighbor, Harry,came into his shop. Harry was very stingy （吝啬的）. Wally said to him, “When are you going to buy a clock?”“Never,” Harry said. “I don‟t need a clock.”“Everyone needs a clock,” Wally said. “How do you know when to get up?”“The man who lives on the other side of me turn on his radio at seven o‟clock,” Harry said. “I hear the announcer say, …The time is seven o‟clock. Here is the news.”“OK. But how do you know when to go to work?”“By the time I get out of bed, wash, and shave (剃胡子), it‟s half past seven,” Harry said. “By the time I‟ve eaten my breakfast, it‟s eight o‟clock, time to leave for the office. By the time I get to the bus stop, it‟s ten past eight. The bus arrives in a few minutes and by the time it gets to my stop, the time is half past eight. That‟s the time I start work.”“OK. But how do you know when it‟s time to go home?” Wally said.“The factory siren（号笛，警报器）rings.”“How do you know when it‟s time to go to bed?”“The television programs come to an end.”“OK,” Wally shouted, really angry. “Now tell me what would happen if you woke up in the middle of the night and wanted to know the time?”“That‟s easy,” Harry said. “I‟ve got a hammer.”“A hammer! What good is a hammer?”“I use it to knock on your wall. Y ou‟d shout at me. …What are you doing knoking on my wall at three o‟clock in the morning?”(Words: 279)1. Wally talked to Harry in the hope that _______________ .2. Harry found out it was time to get up by _____________ .3. It took Harry __________________ from home to the office.4. According to Harry, the end of _______________ was a signal for him to go to bed.5. I can be learned from the passage that Wally failed to persuade Harry into __________.III. Drections:Read the following passages, and then decide whether the statements are true (T) or false (F).Passage 5Mrs. Green gave her husband her letter to post when he was going to work. But sometimes Mr. Green forgot to do so and kept them in his pocket for days.One fine morning in March, Mrs. Green asked him to post a letter. “Please post this letter and don‟t forget,” she said. Mr. Green put the letter in his pocket and said, “I am sure to post this one. “ Mrs. Green smiled and said, “Y es, I believe that you will this time.” Mrs. Green looked at his back, and was still smiling when she closed the door.Mr. Green walked slowly along the street. Soon a man came up form behind him. When he walked by, the man looked back and smiled, “Don‟t forget to post the letter!”Then a girl walked by, and she turned and smiled, too. “Don‟t forget to post the letter!” she said.Mr. Green said to himself, “Why are these people smiling at me? And how do they know I have a letter to post?At last he came to a post office, posted the letter, and walked on. But after a whle, a boy came up from behind and asked him, “Did you post your letter?”“Y es, I did,” said Mr. Green.“Then I can take off this paper,”said the boy.He took a large piece of paper from the back of Mr. Green‟s coat and showed it to him. On the paper were these words----“Ask him to post the letter.”(Words: 251)( ) 1. Mrs. Green asked her husband to post her letters on his way home.( ) 2. Mr. Green sometimes forgot to post the letters immediately.( ) 3. Many people in the street knew Mr. Green.( ) 4. Mr. Green had his wife put the large piece of paper on his back.( ) 5. The paper on his back was a good hint to help Mr. Green remember to post the letter.Passage 6No one is sure how many Americans belong to reading groups called book clubs. Y et publishers and bookstores report that more an dmore people throughout the United States are joining them.Most of the clubs work the same way. Members read the same book at the same time. Then they meet to talk about the book.Memembers may be friends or people who live near each other. Or, they may be eople who work together. Religious and community groups often establish book clubs.Some Americans belong to reading groups on the Internet. Thee groups include people around the world who communicate about books they read. These people send electronic mail instead of meeting to discuss books.Book clubs may be for only women or only men. Or, they can be for husbands and wives together. Some are family groups where parents attend with their children. Children may belong to book clubs of their own.Most reading groups study books by a number of writers, Howerver, some grousp read the work of a single woriter, usually one that has been famous for a while. William Shakespeare, James Joyce, Jane Austen, George Bernard Shaw and Mrak Twain are some examples.Other groups may be named for an important person in the work of the woriter, like a Sherlock Homes Club. Holmes is the great British crime investigator (调查者)created by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle.Members of these book clubs often are experts about their chosen reading material. For example, one member of a Hlmes reading group can identify almost every person in every Sherlock Holmes Story.(Words: 263)( ) 1. Many important writers are first members of book clubs.( ) 2. Children can apply to join a book club when allowed by their parents.( ) 3. The writer of this passage suggests that book clubs are good ways for people to become good writers.( ) 4. Some groups are named after important characters in the works of writers.( ) 5. Book clubs are becoming more and more popular in the U.S.KeyUnit 1Passage 1B BCD BPassage 2D B C D DPassage 31. palm-sized, or specially-designed computers2. Internet libraries3. record the grades on the network and then copy them inot an electronic grade book.4. money and trees5. there is a power failure or technical problemPassage 41. Harry would buy a clock2. listening to his neighbor‟s radio3. half an hour4. the television programs5. buying a clockPassage 5F T F F TPassage 6F F F T T。

1 Writing for Myself我们写作时常常被告诫，脑子里要有读者，笔者所云一定要符合读者的口味和兴趣。

但有一位读者特别不该忘记。

你能猜出是谁吗？当拉塞尔·贝克找到这个问题的答案时，他自己和别人都感到大为惊讶。

为自己而写拉塞尔·贝克从孩提时代，我还住在贝尔维尔时，我的脑子里就断断续续地转着当作家的念头，但直等到我高中三年级，这一想法才有了实现的可能。

在这之前，我对所有跟英文课沾边的事都感到腻味。

我觉得英文语法枯燥难懂。

我痛恨那些长而乏味的段落写作，老师读着受累，我写着痛苦。

弗利格尔先生接我们的高三英文课时，我就准备着在这门最最单调乏味的课上再熬上沉闷的一年。

弗利格尔先生在学生中以其说话干巴和激励学生无术而出名。

据说他拘谨刻板，完全落后于时代。

我看他有六七十岁了，古板之极。

他戴着古板的毫无装饰的眼镜，微微卷曲的头发剪得笔齐，梳得纹丝不乱。

他身穿古板的套装，领带端端正正地顶着白衬衣的领扣。

他长着古板的尖下巴，古板的直鼻梁，说起话来一本正经，字斟句酌，彬彬有礼，活脱脱一个滑稽的老古董。

我作好准备，打算在弗利格尔先生的班上一无所获地混上一年，不少日子过去了，还真不出所料。

后半学期我们学写随笔小品文。

弗利格尔先生发下一张家庭作业纸，出了不少题目供我们选择。

像"暑假二三事"那样傻乎乎的题目倒是一个也没有，但绝大多数一样乏味。

我把作文题带回家，一直没写，直到要交作业的前一天晚上。

我躺在沙发上，最终不得不面对这一讨厌的功课，便从笔记本里抽出作文题目单粗粗一看。

我的目光落在"吃意大利细面条的艺术"这个题目上。

这个题目在我脑海里唤起了一连串不同寻常的图像。

贝尔维尔之夜的清晰的回忆如潮水一般涌来，当时，我们大家一起围坐在晚餐桌旁──艾伦舅舅、我母亲、查理舅舅、多丽丝、哈尔舅舅──帕特舅妈晚饭做的是意大利细面条。

那时意大利细面条还是很少听说的异国食品。

课文对照翻译Unit 1 Growing UPPart Text A Writing for Myself ⅡWhen we are writing we are often told to keep our readers in mind, to shape what we say to fit their tastes and interests. But there is one reader in particular who should not be forgotten. Can you guess who? Russell Baker surprised himself and everyone else when he discovered the answer.我们写作时常常被告诫，脑子里要有读者，笔者所云一定要符合读者的口味和兴趣。

但有一位读者特别不该忘记。

你能猜出是谁吗？当拉塞尔·贝克找到这个问题的答案时，他自己和别人都感到大为惊讶。

Writing for MyselfRussell Baker1 The idea of becoming a writer had come to me off and on since my childhood in Belleville, but it wasn't until my third year in high school that the possibility took hold. Until then I've been bored by everything associated with English courses. I found English grammar dull and difficult. I hated the assignments to turn out long, lifeless paragraphs that were agony for teachers to read and for me to write.为自己而写拉塞尔·贝克从孩提时代，我还住在贝尔维尔时，我的脑子里就断断续续地转着当作家的念头，但直等到我高中三年级，这一想法才有了实现的可能。

Unit 1Johnny the Explorer 约翰尼探险家Johnny was three when he ran away from home for the first time. Somebody left the garden gate open. Johnny wandered out, crossed some fields, and two hours later, arrived in the next village. He was just able to give his name and address.当约翰尼第一次离家出走时，他只有3岁。

有些人的花园门口敞开着。

约翰尼越过这些地段就漫步出去了，接着2个小时后，他到了下一个村子。

他只能说出他的名字和地址。

By the time he was seven, Johnny used to vanish from home two to three times a year. Sometimes he covered quite long distances on foot. On other occasions he got on a bus or even a train, and simply sat there until someone asked for his ticket. Generally the police brought him home. "Why do you do it?" they used to ask. "You aren't unhappy at home, are you? .... " "Of course not," Johnny replied. "Then why?" "I just like seeing places," Johnny told them.等到他7岁的以后，约翰尼经常离家出走，一年内有两到三次。

课文对照翻译Unit 1 Growing UPPart Text A Writing for Myself ⅡWhen we are writing we are often told to keep our readers in mind, to shape what we say to fit their tastes and interests. But there is one reader in particular who should not be forgotten. Can you guess who? Russell Baker surprised himself and everyone else when he discovered the answer.我们写作时常常被告诫，脑子里要有读者，笔者所云一定要符合读者的口味和兴趣。

但有一位读者特别不该忘记。

你能猜出是谁吗？当拉塞尔·贝克找到这个问题的答案时，他自己和别人都感到大为惊讶。

Writing for MyselfRussell Baker1 The idea of becoming a writer had come to me off and on since my childhood in Belleville, but it wasn't until my third year in high school that the possibility took hold. Until then I've been bored by everything associated with English courses. I found English grammar dull and difficult. I hated the assignments to turn out long, lifeless paragraphs that were agony for teachers to read and for me to write.为自己而写拉塞尔·贝克从孩提时代，我还住在贝尔维尔时，我的脑子里就断断续续地转着当作家的念头，但直等到我高中三年级，这一想法才有了实现的可能。

课文对照翻译Unit 1 Growing UPPart Text A Writing for Myself ⅡWhen we are writing we are often told to keep our readers in mind, to shape what we say to fit their tastes and interests. But there is one reader in particular who should not be forgotten. Can you guess who? Russell Baker surprised himself and everyone else when he discovered the answer.我们写作时常常被告诫，脑子里要有读者，笔者所云一定要符合读者的口味和兴趣。

但有一位读者特别不该忘记。

你能猜出是谁吗？当拉塞尔·贝克找到这个问题的答案时，他自己和别人都感到大为惊讶。

Writing for MyselfRussell Baker1 The idea of becoming a writer had come to me off and on since my childhood in Belleville, but it wasn't until my third year in high school that the possibility took hold. Until then I've been bored by everything associated with English courses. I found English grammar dull and difficult. I hated the assignments to turn out long, lifeless paragraphs that were agony for teachers to read and for me to write.为自己而写拉塞尔·贝克从孩提时代，我还住在贝尔维尔时，我的脑子里就断断续续地转着当作家的念头，但直等到我高中三年级，这一想法才有了实现的可能。

参考译文第一单元成长课文A我们写作时常常被告诫，脑子里要有读者，笔者所云一定要符合读者的口味和兴趣。

但有一位读者特别不该忘记。

你能猜出是谁吗?当拉塞尔·贝克找到这个问题的答案时，他自己和别人都感到大为惊讶。

为自己而写拉塞尔·田克从孩提时代，我还住在贝尔维尔时，我的脑子里就断断续续地转着当作家的念头，但直等到我高中三年级，这—一想法才有了实现的可能。

在这之前，我对所有跟英文课沾边的事都感到腻味。

我觉得英文语法枯燥难懂。

我痛恨那些长而乏味的段落写作，老师读着受累，我写着痛苦。

弗利格尔先生接我们的高三英文课时，我就准备着在这门最最单调乏味的课上再熬上沉闷的一年。

弗利格尔先生在学生中以其说话干巴和激励学生无术而出名。

据说他拘谨刻板，完全落后于时代。

我看他有六七十岁了，古板之极。

他戴着古板的毫无装饰的眼镜，微微卷曲的头发剪得笔齐，梳得纹丝不乱。

他身穿古板的套装，白衬衣领扣外的领带打得——丝不苟。

他救着古板的尖下巴，古板的直鼻梁，说起话来—·本正经，字斟句酌，彬彬有礼，活脱脱一个橱稽的老古董。

我作好准备，打算在弗利格尔先生的班上一无所获地混上—·年，不少日子过去了，还真率出所料。

后半学期我们学写随笔小品文。

弗利格尔先生发下一张家庭作业纸，出了不少题供我们选择。

像“暑假二三事”那样傻乎乎的题目倒是一个也没有，但绝大多数—样乏味。

我把作文题带回家，——直没写，直到要交作业的前一天晚上。

我躺在沙发上，最终不得不面对这一讨厌的功课，便从笔记本里抽出作文题目单粗粗—看。

我的目光落在“吃意大利细面条的艺术”这个题目上。

…这个题目在我脑海里唤起了一连串不同寻常的图像。

贝尔维尔之夜的清晰的回忆如潮水一般涌来，当时，我们大家——起围坐在晚餐桌旁——艾伦舅舅、我母亲、查理舅舅、多丽丝、哈尔舅舅——帕特舅妈晚饭做的是意大利细面条。

那时意大利细面条还是很少听说的异国食品。

多丽丝和我都还从来没吃过，在座的大人也是经验不足，没有—个吃起来得心应手的。

大学英语阅读1课文翻译大学英语阅读1课文翻译理解课文内容，学习旅行家树无论在什么环境都为人类造福的品桔格。

下面和店铺一起来看看大学英语阅读1课文翻译！大学英语阅读1课文翻译Bored with sales, he tried sales management. Again, the same pattern developed: well-liked, regarded as a fast tracker, he soon fizzled like a firecracker.厌倦了销售，他尝试了销售管理。

同样的模式再一次形成: 很受欢迎，被认为是快速成功的人，但他不久像一个湿的爆竹没有起色。

By a fluke, I was put on a committee with several of the biggest salespeople in the industry. I was terribly intimidated.通过一个偶然的机会，我和行业内一些大的销售员被推选为委员。

我非常惊恐。

Average achievers stay glued to their chairs and postpone pleasure so they can reap future dividends. Many fast-trackers, on the other hands, expect too much too soon. When rewards don’t materialize instantly, they may become frus trated and unhappy.普通的成功者一直在椅子上工作，推迟享乐所以他们能够收获将来的'收益。

许多快速成功的人，恰恰相反，期望成功又多又快。

当回报没有迅速实现时，他们可能会沮丧和不快乐。

Many of the fast-trackers I spoke with couldn’t tolerate getting help from others or sharing success, often because of an overpowering ego.我交谈过的许多快速成功的人不能忍受从别人手里得到帮助或与人分享成功，这常常是由于具有征服的个性。

Unit 1 Growing UpⅡ. Translation1.1.那是一个正规的宴会，我照妈妈对我讲的那样穿着礼服去了（formal）As it was a formal dinner party, I wore formal dress, as Mother told me to.2.他的女友劝他趁抽烟的坏习惯尚未根深蒂固之前把它改掉（take hold）His girlfriend advised him to get out of/get rid of his bad habit of smoking before it took hold.3.他们预料到下几个月电的需求量很大，决定增加生产。

（anticipate）Anticipating that the demand for electricity will be high during the next few months, they have decided to increase its production.4.据说比尔因一再违反公司的安全规章而被解雇（violate）It is said that Bill has been fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules. /Bill is said to have been fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules.5.据报道地方政府已采取适当措施避免严重缺水（watershortage）It is reported that the government has taken proper measures to avoid the possibility of a severe water shortage. /The local government is reported to have taken proper measures to avoid the possibility of a severe water shortage.2.Susan lost her legs because of / in a car accident. For a time, she didn’t know how to face up to the fact that she would never (be able to) walk again.One day, while scanning (through) some magazines, a true story caught her eye /she was attracted by a true story. It gave a vivid description of how a disabled girl became a writer. Greatly inspired, Susan began to feel that she, too, would finally be bale to lead a useful life.Unit 2 FriendshipII. Translation1.Translate the sentences.1)半个小时已经过去了，但末班车还没拉力。