topic outline

英语论文outline范文英语论文的outline具体格式呀英语论文outline范文英语论文的outline具体格式呀V. Thesis Outline:I. IntroductionII. On Developing English Reading Skills in Junior High School2.1. Current Situation and Problems of Junior High School Students in English Reading2.2. Reasons of Currents Problems in English ReadingⅢ. Ways to develop Students’ English Reading Skills3.1. Developing Students’ Reading Habits3.2. Specific Measures in developing Reading Skills3.2.1 Broadening Students’ Vocabulary3.2.2 Improving Students’ Reading Interests3.2.3 .Training Students’ Reading Speed While Reading3.2.4. Choose Proper Reading Materials and StrategiesⅣ. Extending Students’ Eye Shot in Extracurricular Reading Ⅴ. ConclusionOUTLINECreating an outline begins with a reading of your prewriting notes. First, group related ideastogether, looking for major topics (which can be headings) and minor ones (which can besubheadings, examples, or details). Define your major points, and rearrange them until theymake sense and follow a logical progression.You will be able to see the relationships betweenyour ideas as you outline them, and determine their importance (major point, minor point,example, detail). If you need more supporting details or facts—subcategories—you can addthem now. As you outline your information, use one-word topics, short phrases, or writeout full sentences for each point on your outline.If your prewriting notes are somewhat organized, you can use the outlining feature includedin most word-processing programs to create an outline. Otherwise, arrange them yourself ina standard outline form using Roman and Arabic numerals and upper and lower case letters:I.A.B.1.2.a.b.Once you have pleted an outline, revise and refine it by following these steps:1. Write down your overall goal for your essay.What are you trying to say to yourreaders?2. Go over your outline and circle, underline, or highlight your major points orimages. Do they all support your goal?3. Brainstorm words and phrases that will aurately and concisely express thosepoints (jot them down in the margin of your outline, or use a separate sheet ofpaper).4. Use this list and your outline to guide your writing. Do not allow yourself tostray from your goal or your major points.Outline:I. IntroductionII.A.B.C.D.E.F. III.A.B.C.IV. ConclusionThen her charming smile, that smile make me feel warm. Especially in the winter. That smile are like what freesia.Winter is the season that leaves, but mon in cold season flowering, which will undoubtedly give the wholewinter has brought angry. And she's like Freesia, her smile brought a glimmer of warmth to the winterseason;there is no exception in the light of the sun, when the evening sunset, in the west to emit light, shining on every corner of the school, at that moment, she es back, she smiles, that unforgettable smile, this is simply a words can not describe the 'beauty'There is a One's childish dispos很高兴为您解答O(∩_∩)O~满意请及时【采纳】 ^_^1。

写作步骤The Steps in Writing a CompositionClass: Grade Two, English MajorsTeaching Contents: The steps in writing a compositionTeaching Method: Explanation and PracticeTeaching Aims and DemandsTeach students write their compositions according to these correct steps. The Important Points:a. The steps in writing a compositionb. Types of outlinesc. How to write an outlineThe Difficult Points:(1) The steps in writing a composition(2) How to write an outlineI. Introductory RemarksIn this part, we will deal with three major points. First, the steps in writing a composition. There are seven steps altogether. Second, types of outlines. We will introduce two types of outlines, the topic outline and the sentence outline. Third, we will learn some rule of writing an outline.II. The steps in writing a compositionQuestion: In your idea, how many steps in writing a composition?There are seven steps:1. Decide on a topicFixing the topic is the first step for a composition. Only on the basis of a topic can a thesis be worked out, and only with a good thesis can you organize your ideas properly. However, when you decide your own topics, try to avoid settling down on broad subjects, such as 'The 21st Century', 'ChildhoodExperiences'. You should go on to probe into them until you come up with more limited and consequently more workable topics.2. Formulate a thesisThesis, we can also say theme or controlling idea. The thesis of a composition is its main point or its central idea. A thesis should be a single declarative sentence. A good thesis should be clear and specific. It must show clearly what you want to tell your readers.3. Collect materials or detailsAfter the thesis comes the third step of collecting details. You should think out as many relevant details as possible to support the thesis.4. Write an outlineArrange your materials in a logic order, and write an outline. Outline can help you arrange your materials logically.5. Write the first draftWrite the first draft, there should be enough space between lines for future corrections and improvements. When you write, you should care about your details and avoid to leave out.6. Revise the first draftRevise the first draft. Check and revision are always necessary. First, compare your draft with the outline and see if you have clearly illustrated what you have intended to write. Second, check the draft to see if thesentences are coherent with one another. Third, see if you have used some wrong or improper words and try to correct them. Fourth, make sure you havef ollowed the rules explained in “Manuscript Form”.7. Make the final copyMake the final copy. Make sure your final copy is clear, neat and tidy. It can help you give your readers a good expression about your passage.III. Types of OutlinesThere are two types of outlines: the topic outline (主题提纲)and the sentence outline (句⼦提纲). The topic outline consists of nouns, gerund phrases and infinitive phrases. It's brief and clear. The topic outline is the instant overview of the whole composition. The sentence outline consists of complete sentences It's a more detailed plan.IV.How to write an outline?Just now we have discussed the types of outlines. But how to write anoutline? Pay attention to the following rules:1. Make sure the thesis is a complete sentence in the affirmative. Don't use aquestion, a phrase or a dependent clause.2. Use parallel structures for the headings of the same rank. Make sure theheadings of like rank are of equal importance.3. Avoid single subdivisions. If there a major point marked 'I', there must beat least another marked 'II'; if there is an 'A', there must be a 'B'.4. Avoid mixing types. A topic outline is written in noun phrases, and asentence outline in sentence. Don't mix these two types.For example:Benefits of Sports and GamesThesis: Sports and games are beneficial to everybody in many aspects.I. Introduction: The importance of sports and gamesII. Benefits to body healthA. Make us strongB. Especially help mental workers exercise their bodies.III. Benefits to life varietyA. Make one versatileB. Enrich one's lifeIV. Benefits to character-trainingA. Enhance courage and enthusiasmB. Train collective spiritV. Conclusion: Everyone should be engaged in sports and games.V. HomeworkWrite an outline with title 'My Good Father'. A topic outline or a sentence outline are both ok. Pay attention to their features and the rules we have learned.。

英语写作及答案I. Supply the missing paragraph(10 points)The following passage is incomplete with on body paragraph missing. Study the passage carefully and write the missing paragraph of about 100 words. Make sure that the tone and vocabulary you use are in unity with the passage provided.As we have seen, the focus of medical care in our society has been shifting from curing disease to preventing disease—especially in terms of changing our many unhealthy behaviors, such as poor eating habits, smoking, and failure to exercise. The line of thought involved in this shift can be pursued further. Imagine a person who is about the right weight, but does not eat very nutritious foods, who feels OK but exercises only occasionally, who goes to work every day, but is not an outstanding worker, who drinks a few beers at home most nights but does not drive while drunk, and who has no chest pains or abnormal blood counts, but sleeps a lot and often feels tired. This person is not ill. He may not even be at risk for any particular disease. But we can imagine that this person could be a lot healthier.The field of medicine has not traditionally distinguished between someone who is merely “not ill”and someone who is in excellent health and pays attention to the body’s special needs. Both types have simply been called “well.”In recent years, however, some health specialists have begun to apply the terms “well”and “wellness”only to those who are actively striving to maintain and improve their health._______________________________________________________________________________People who are well are likely to be better able to resist disease and to fight disease when it strikes. And by focusing attention on healthy ways of living, the concept of wellness can have a beneficial impact on the ways in which people face the challenges of daily life.II. Write an outline(20 points)Read the following passage carefully and compose a "topic outline" for it.For a Better Understanding Between Parent and ChildNowadays there is often a lack of understanding between parent and child. Modern society has been changing greatly so much so that even the relations between parent and child have become much different from several decades ago. Far less do they communicate each other but they always complain and quarrel instead. As it is, generation gap has become quite a spreading social problem. As for the problem, various possible reasons may be found. Because of either economic necessity or strong determination for personal fulfillment, or both, neither father nor mother has any time to stay together with their children. On the other hand, teenagers eagerly feel the need for freedom away from their parents to explore their emerging identity as a young adult- to develop his own interests or to perfect his favorite skills, which their parents may not prefer. Hence, the parents must suffer the loss of their unruly little boy or girl, incapable of keeping their child to remain in the safe and familiar routines of early childhood or to do what they demand. Eventually, either parent or child becomes unsatisfied, no patient with each other and would not like to find any chance to understand the other.If this situation is to be navigated successfully, there are really some suggestions both forparent and child to follow. For parents, by recalling their own childhood experiences, they could understand and then try to help their own children whenever needed. They should also trust that only in very short time will the child emerge from the uncertainty of being a teenager and display the mature, adult character to forgive their parents for the sake of their hard work.. Bothe sides striving for a better understanding, it is no doubt that their relations will be improved quickly.III Sentence transformation (15 points)Transform the following sentences into better ones without changing their meanings. The outline of each sentence is given. Please fill in each blank with only one word（每空仅限填一词）1 .My favorite sport is swimming.→There is no sport I enjoy________ ________swimming.2 Perseverance is the most important in achieving success.→________is more important than perseverance in achieving success.3 Pollution is very harmful to environment as illness is harmful to health.→Pollution is to environment________illness is to health.4 China will never be the first country to use nuclear weapons.→Under________ ________will China be the first country to use nuclear weapons5 Opportunities are unprecedented for those who understand the cell and the pixel.→It is a world ________ opportunities have never ________ ________ for those who understand the cell and the pixel.6 I want to thank students, faculty, alumni and staff and I have been privileged to work with them over these past years.→I want to thank students, faculty, alumni and staff ________ ________ I have been privileged to work over these past years.7 At such a moment, we tend to elevate comfort and consensus over progress and clear direction. →At such a moment, there is ________ to elevate comfort and consensus over progress and clear direction.8 The decade ahead will bring more hard choices for our country, and there are some guiding principles that should give us direction.→The decade ahead will bring more hard choices for our country, and there are some guiding principles that should ________our course.9 We cannot deny the fact that the Palestinian people -- Muslims and Christians -- have suffered in pursuit of a homeland.→It is ________ that the Palestinian people -- Muslims and Christians -- have suffered in pursuit of a homeland.10 So let there be no doubt:The Palestinian people cannot stand the situation .→So let there be no doubt:The situation for the Palestinian people is ________.IV Compose an essay (55 points)The Advantages and Disadvantages of Young People's Early Independence注：考试结束后，只交答题纸I. Supply the missing paragraph(10 points)The following passage is incomplete with on body paragraph missing. Study the passage carefully and write the missing paragraph of about 100 words. Make sure that the tone and vocabulary you use are in unity with the passage provided.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________II. Write an outline(20 points)Read the following passage carefully and compose a "topic outline" for it.I. ____________________________________A. _________________________________________________B. __________________________________a. _______________________b. _______________________C. __________________________________a. _______________________b. _______________________II. ___________________________________a. ________________________b._________________________III. Conclusionboth side should try to understand each otherIII Sentence transformation (15 points)Transform the following sentences into better ones without changing their meanings. The outline of each sentence is given. Please fill in each blank with only one word（每空仅限填一词）1 ________ ________.2 ________. 3________.4________ ________. 5 ________ ________ ________. 6________ ________.7 ________. 8 ________. 9 ________. 10 ________.IV Compose an essay (55 points)The Advantages and Disadvantages of Young People's Early Independence《英语写作》模拟试题答案I. Supply the missing paragraph (20 points)As we know, food is one of the existential elements for human, and we cannot live without food. But as the living condition has been improved, it seems that most of us are become strict to what we eat - we are likely to choose those we like, to others we shall resist. While, according to the nutritionists' point of view, we need many kinds of food to keep us in healthy condition. It is all right that we may have our particular flavor, but we must keep in mind that we also need other kinds of food to keep us in balance. Those who can have a healthy body are those who know how to eat, and what to eat.II. Read the following passage carefully and compose a "topic outline" for it. (20 points)I. General introduction and explanationA. Problems of lack of understanding between parent and child.B. Reasons for this situationa. economic necessityb. strong determination for personal fulfillmentC. satisfaction between each othera. parents' feelingb. children's feelingII. Suggestions to solve the problems.a. parents- help and trustb. children- their parents' hard-workIII. ConclusionIII. Composition (60 points)Dissatisfaction leads to progressThis article reminds me of a well-known story about a frog. The frog is put on the cool water at first, and then the water is boiled steadily, the frog cannot sense it till it died. I think this story put the fact to us very clearly: people likely become insensitive to the seeming comfortable environment; they enjoy it and never think of improving themselves, so when the dangers come it may be too late for them to do something about it.In contrary, those people who are dissatisfactory sometimes can leads progress. Especially in today’s fast growing world, if you don’t move, then you fall behind. Many facts can approve this, from the changes of social system to our own situations. The change of social system was due to people’s dissatisfaction of the former one, and the set up of the new on was certainly a great progress in human history. As for ourselves, we may go on study even after we have graduated from school, change job frequently, and so on. These are due to our desire to improve our current situations and to seek a better life.However, if you are not content with what you have at present and do nothing but complain, you cannot make progress, because only those who not just have a desire to improve but also adapt measures can succeed. So, if you are dissatisfactory, don’t stand still, take action, your future should be better欢迎您的下载，资料仅供参考！致力为企业和个人提供合同协议，策划案计划书，学习课件等等打造全网一站式需求。

Outline 用法1. 什么是 OutlineOutline 是一种用于组织和安排文章、演讲或项目的工具。

它是一种结构化的框架，用于展示主要思想、主题和关键点，以及它们之间的逻辑关系。

Outline 可以帮助我们在写作或演讲时更清晰地表达思想，使读者或听众更容易理解和跟随。

2. Outline 的重要性Outline 在写作和演讲中起着至关重要的作用。

它可以帮助我们：•组织思维：通过创建 Outline，我们可以清晰地组织和整理自己的思维。

它可以帮助我们明确主题、主要观点和支持细节，避免思维混乱和跳跃。

•提高效率：Outline 可以帮助我们节省时间和精力。

在写作或演讲之前，我们可以先创建 Outline，然后按照 Outline 的结构填充内容。

这样可以避免在写作过程中迷失方向，提高工作效率。

•强调重点：Outline 可以帮助我们凸显重要观点和关键信息。

通过将重要内容放在 Outline 的高层级中，读者或听众可以更容易地理解和记住。

•改善逻辑结构：Outline 可以帮助我们检查和改善文章或演讲的逻辑结构。

通过观察 Outline 的整体框架，我们可以发现逻辑上的不一致或缺失，并进行调整和改进。

3. 创建一个 Outline创建一个有效的 Outline 需要遵循一些基本原则。

下面是创建 Outline 的步骤：3.1 确定主题首先，我们需要确定文章、演讲或项目的主题。

主题应该是明确的，并且可以用一句话或短语来概括。

3.2 列出主要观点在确定主题后，我们需要列出主要观点。

这些观点应该是支持主题的关键点，并且应该按照逻辑顺序排列。

3.3 添加支持细节在每个主要观点下，我们可以添加支持细节。

这些细节可以是事实、例子、引用或其他支持观点的材料。

支持细节应该具体、相关且有力。

3.4 确定层次结构在列出主要观点和支持细节后，我们可以确定 Outline 的层次结构。

主要观点应该是高层级，支持细节应该是低层级。

英语作文提纲的写作原则及方法频载酒在《如何写英语作文提纲（Outline）》一文中，通过实例让大家了解了英语作文提纲的格式及内容。

仔细阅读及研究提纲与文章之间的关系可以帮助大家对英语作文提纲写作有一个基本的认知。

此次，重点通过对具体提纲的讲解，介绍英语作文提纲写作过程中应当遵循的原则、标准和方法。

Sample:Thesis sentenceJudging from the unrealistic images projected by the media, the United States is a nation either of constant ethnic conflict or of untroubled homogeneity.Formal outlineⅠ. Images of ethnic conflictA. News stories1. Hispanic-black gang wars in L.A,2. Defaced synagogues in Chicago3. Korean-black disputes in N.Y.B. The real story1. No war among groups2. Groups coexistingⅡ. Images of untroubled homogeneityA. Those pictured from TV shows and ads1. White2. Middle class3. AttractiveB. Those missing from TV shows and ads1. Ethnic2. Poor3. Handicapped4. Other groups1.提纲中所使用的标号、序号及每行行首缩进的多少代表的是文章各部分的次序和相对的重要性。

即越高层级的序号和越少的行首缩进代表的是越高的重要性；越低层级的序号和越多的行首缩进代表的是越低的重要性，更加细节性的论述或描述。

Read the following passage carefully and compose a "topic outline" for it.Oceanography has been defined as “The application of all sciences to the study of the sea”.Before the nineteenth century, scientists with an interest in the sea were few and far between. Certainly Newton considered some theoretical aspects of it in his writings, but he was reluctant to go to sea to further this work.For most people the sea was remote, and with the exception of early intercontinental travelers or others who earned a living from the sea, there was little reason to ask many questions about it, let alone to ask what lay beneath the surface. The first time that the question 'What is at the bottom of the oceans?' had to be answered with any commercial consequence was when the laying of a telegraph cable from Europe to America was proposed. The engineers had to know the depth profile (起伏形状) of the route to estimate the length of cable that had to be manufactured.It was to Maury of the US Navy that the Atlantic Telegraph Company turned, in 1853, for information on this matter. In the 1840s, Maury had been responsible for encouraging voyages during which soundings (测深) were taken to investigate the depths of the North Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Later, some of his findings aroused much popular interest in his book The Physical Geography of the Sea.The cable was laid, but not until 1866 was the connection made permanent and reliable. At the early attempts, the cable failed and when it was taken out for repairs it was found to be covered in living growths, a fact which defied contemporary scientific opinion that there was no life in the deeper parts of the sea.Within a few years oceanography was under way. In 1872 Thomson led a scientific expedition, which lasted for four years and brought home thousands of samples from the sea. Their classification and analysis occupied scientists for years and led to a five-volume report, the last volume being published in 1895.。

怎样写topic outline and sentence outline我只知道outline，不过应该包括你说的这些了一般为五段式结构1.introductory paragraph 介绍段-hook 引出话题；概述，大概1-2句-thesis statement 你的论点 1句-main points 一般是3点 1句以下3段分别论述这3点2.3.4段结构一样，我只写1段的做参考2.body paragraph 正文段-topic sentence 你的分论点，也就是你在第一段说的3点中的第1点，只不过要更具体一点 1句-quotation 引证.可以是数据，举例，文章节选等等-explain 解释你的例证是如何支持你的topic sentence-conclusion 对本段的总结5.concluding paragraph 总结段-restate thesis 再次强调你的论点-restate main points 再次强调你的3个分论点英语系论文得outline怎么写？步骤等,谢谢outline 有三种很简约的说1.topic outlinethesis:XXXXX（是一句话，要打句点）（下面的都是单词和短语不打句点）Ⅰ.XXXXⅡ.XXXXA.XXXX1.XXX2.XXXB.XXXXⅢ.XXXXX2.sentence outline （格式和TOPIC OUTLINE 是一样的，但是下面的小点和层次都是一句话的形式）thesis和下面的层次是一排起头的3.mixed outline 格式也是一样的但是第一层是要是一句话的，一下的都是短语和单词组成，是前面2种的混合体英语论文的outline具体格式是什么呀V. Thesis Outline:I. Introduction.II. On Developing English Reading Skills in Junior High School.2.1. Current Situation and Problems of Junior High School Students in English Reading.2.2. Reasons of Currents Problems in English Reading.Ⅲ. Ways to develop Students' English Reading Skills.3.1. Developing Students' Reading Habits.3.2. Specific Measures in developing Reading Skills.3.2.1 Broadening Students' Vocabulary.3.2.2 Improving Students' Reading Interests.3.2.3 Training Students' Reading Speed While Reading.3.2.4 Choose Proper Reading Materials and Strategies.Ⅳ. Extending Students' Eye Shot in Extracurricular Reading.Ⅴ. Conclusion.定义和用法注释：轮廓线不会占据空间，也不一定是矩形。