OceanStor18000系列高端存储技术白皮书

资料编码OceanStor T 系列技术白皮书文档版本V3.1 发布日期201307目录1执行摘要/Executive Summary (4)2简介/Introduction (5)3解决方案/Solution (6)4推广/Experience (21)5结论/Conclution (27)6缩略语表/Acronyms and Abbreviations (28)第3 页, 共28 页1 执行摘要/Executive Summary本文从存储技术的发展趋势为切入点，结合用户需求，从融合统一、高性能、高可靠、高扩展及绿色节能等方面详细介绍了华为公司OceanStor T 系列统一存储产品的功能及亮点，旨在突出T 系列产品独有的功能点以及为客户带来的价值。

2 简介/Introduction随着IT 技术的发展，IT 系统的数据量也随之日益增大，而异构多样的网络、割裂林立的部门和庞大冗杂的业务系统，造成了IT 总体架构的复杂性，设备管理和维护也面临着巨大的挑战。

权威机构调查表明，当前IT 运维日益复杂，IT 预算中运维成本占到了IT 总投资的72%，而仅有28%的投资用于基础架构的投资。

复杂的网络环境，单台存储系统遭遇的性能瓶颈，成本与性能需求的平衡以及客户对于混合型存储的强烈需求等等问题被抛出，如何解决这些问题成为IT 业界关注的重中之重。

华为技术有限公司全力打造的OceanStor T系列存储产品正是以统一存储为主打，高性能、高可靠、可扩展以及绿色节能为其设计理念，充分满足用户需求，保护用户投资，最大化提升用户价值。

3解决方案/Solution随着信息产业的发展，存储逐渐从计算机中独立出来，成为IT 产业中的一个大类。

在计算技术迅速发展的今天，技术的进步必然引起相关产业的发展，存储也不例外。

技术发展首先会产生新概念、新标准，这些都会直接影响相关产业的发展趋向，据业内专家分析，存储行业正在朝以下几方面发展：统一存储成为趋势随着信息化进程的加快，数据急速增长，非结构化数据的增长速度更是远超预期。

华为OceanStor 18000 V5高端混合闪存存储系统技术白皮书目录1 摘要 (1)2 简介 (2)2.1 产品系列 (2)2.2 客户价值 (3)3 系统架构 (5)3.1 硬件架构 (5)3.1.1 后端全互连 (5)3.1.2 PCIe Scale-out (7)3.1.3 硬件全冗余 (8)3.1.4 门卫式数据加密（国内适用） (9)3.1.5 SED数据加密（国外适用） (10)3.2 软件架构 (11)3.2.1 块级虚拟化 (12)3.2.2 SAN/NAS一体化 (15)3.2.3 负载均衡 (15)3.2.4 数据缓存 (16)3.2.5 端到端数据完整性保护 (17)3.2.6 丰富软件特性 (17)3.2.7 面向闪存的系统优化 (17)4 精简高效Smart特性系列 (19)4.1 异构虚拟化（SmartVirtualiztaion） (19)4.2 数据迁移（SmartMigration） (21)4.3 数据重删压缩（SmartDedupe&SmartCompression） (22)4.4 智能数据分级（SmartTier） (25)4.4.1 块数据分级（SmartTier for Block） (25)4.4.2 文件数据分级（SmartTier for File） (26)4.5 智能精简配置（SmartThin） (27)4.6 智能服务质量控制（SmartQoS） (27)4.7 智能缓存分区（SmartPartition） (29)4.8 SSD智能缓存（SmartCache） (31)4.9 LUN销毁（SmartErase） (31)4.10 多租户（SmartMulti-Tenant） (32)4.11 智能配额（SmartQuota） (33)4.12 智能数据迅移（SmartMotion） (34)5 数据保护Hyper特性系列 (35)5.1 快照（HyperSnap） (35)5.1.1 LUN快照（HyperSnap For Block） (35)5.1.2 FS快照（HyperSnap For File） (36)5.2 克隆（HyperClone） (38)5.2.1 LUN克隆（HyperClone For Block） (38)5.2.2 FS克隆（HyperClone For File） (40)5.3 远程复制（HyperReplication） (41)5.3.1 LUN同步远程复制（HyperReplication/S For Block） (42)5.3.2 LUN异步远程复制（HyperReplication/A For Block） (44)5.3.3 FS异步远程复制（HyperReplication/A For File） (45)5.4 阵列双活（HyperMetro） (47)5.4.1 阵列双活（HyperMetro For Block） (47)5.4.2 阵列双活（HyperMetro For File） (49)5.5 一体化备份（HyperVault） (51)5.6 LUN拷贝（HyperCopy） (51)5.7 卷镜像（HyperMirror） (53)5.8 WORM（HyperLock） (55)5.9 两地三中心（3DC） (57)6 最佳实践 (59)A 附录 (60)A.1 更多参考信息 (60)A.2 如何反馈意见 (60)A.3 缩略语表 (61)技术白皮书 1 摘要1摘要华为OceanStor 18000 V5高端混合闪存存储系统（以下简称OceanStor 18000 V5高端存储系统）是面向企业级应用的新一代统一存储产品。

基于华为高端NAS存储双活的POC测试【摘要】近年来，银行业积累了越来越多的非结构化数据，在业务场景和存储系统建设上都在不断进行优化。

本文以作者所在企业的业务需求以及存储系统优化实际出发，在高端NAS存储双活系统上线前进行了深度POC测试。

从双活系统组网、架构健壮性以及业务系统适配上进行了多维度的测试，并形成了本POC测试报告，最终作为行里高端NAS双活系统规划和建设的依据。

1. 项目背景我行自2018年开始建设NAS存储资源池，从而正式开启了业务数据的存储架构优化之路，对于文件类的数据由先前的GPFS向NAS存储逐步迁移转型。

此外，结合存储系统分级体系建设以及业务系统的分级标准，在NAS存储资源池建设上同样也进行了分级存储建设。

为此，近两年来随着新核心系统的建设我行开始调研并构建高端NAS存储资源池。

同时，在同城双中心构建高端NAS存储的双活架构以满足我行新核心、重要及重要支撑系统的文件共享需求及其文件的高可用需求。

然而，高端NAS双活在我行首次实施，无论是该技术本身在我行网络架构中的适配性，还是在业务场景中的匹配上，甚至是存储运维人员对于这一新技术的全面掌握上都存在不确定性，甚至是盲点。

因此，运维部门作为该项目建设的牵头部门，开展了深度的高端NAS双活POC测试。

2. 测试目的和测试思路本项目计划通过深度的POC测试对高端NAS双活系统在应用场景、安全性以及功能性上进行充分验证，然后形成详尽的POC测试报告，最终作为高端NAS双活系统的规划和建设依据。

测试目的主要包括以下方面：第一，验证高端NAS双活架构在我行分区域建设的网络架构中的组网可行性。

第二，验证高端NAS双活架构在各种单点和双点故障场景中的自身架构健壮性。

第三，验证基于细粒度的单个业务系统的计划性站点切换演练的易用性和安全性。

对于POC测试原则最重要的是真实模拟或尽量贴近生产实际，因为在客户真实环境中的POC测试是最有说服力的，尤其是网络环境的真实性。

OceanStor N8500集群NAS存储系统产品技术白皮书IssueDate2020-08-18华为技术有限公司版权所有华为技术有限公司 2012。

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OceanStor Dorado 8000/18000high-end all-flash storage systems set new benchmarks of storage performance and reliability for critical business of enterprises,providing excellent data service experience.The storage systems leverage innovative hardware platform,FlashLink®intelligent algorithms,and full-series E2E NVMe architecture,to deliver the latency of 0.05ms and the proven 21,000,000SPC-1IOPS,with performance almost twice that of the next-best player in the industry.Their full-mesh SmartMatrix architecture ensures always-on services.Intelligent and elastic architecture supports online hardware update of three generations for 10years without any migration.Excelling in scenarios such as databases and virtualization,OceanStor Dorado 8000/18000high-end all-flash storage systems are best suited to the carrier,finance,government,manufacturing,and other fields.OceanStor Dorado 8000/18000High-End All-Flash Storage Systems 21,000,000SPC-1IOPS E2E NVMe for 0.05ms of ultra-low latencyFlashLink®intelligent algorithmsSCM intelligent cache acceleration for 60%lower latencyDistributed file system with 30%higher performanceLeading Performance withInnovative Hardware✓The intelligent multi-protocol interface module hosts theprotocol parsing previously performed by the general-purpose CPU, expediting the front-end access performanceby 20%.✓The computing platform offers industry-leadingperformance with 25% higher computing power than theindustry average.✓The intelligent accelerator module analyzes andunderstands I/O rules of multiple application models basedon machine learning frameworks to implement intelligentprefetching of memory space. This improves the read cachehit ratio by 50%.Component reliability :Wear leveling and anti-wear levelingArchitecture and product reliability :0data loss in the event of single,dual,and multiple failures (7/8controllers,3/4controllers,or disk enclosures),as well as three disk failuresSolution and cloud reliability :The industry's only A-A solution for SAN and NAS,geo-redundant 3DC solution,and gateway-free cloud backup Always-On Applications with 5-Layer Reliability3-layer intelligent management:•365-day capacity trends prediction •60-day performance bottleneck prediction •14-day disk fault prediction •Solutions immediately provided for 93%of problems SAN&NAS convergence,storage and computing convergence,and cross-gen device convergence for efficient resource utilization FlashEver:No data migration over 10years for 3-gen hardware systems Efficient O&M with Intelligent Edge-Cloud Synergy Product Features Ever Fast Performance with Innovative Hardware Innovative hardware platform: Huawei storage uses an innovative hardware platform for E2E data acceleration, delivering the proven 21,000,000 SPC-1 IOPS, almost twice thatof the second player.✓SmartCache + SCM intelligent multi-tier caching identify whether or not the data is hot and uses different media tostore it, reducing the latency by 60% in OLTP (100% reads) scenarios.✓The intelligent SSD hosts the core Flash Translation Layer (FTL) algorithm, accelerating data access in SSDs andshortening the write latency by half.✓The intelligent hardware has a built-in Huawei storage fault library that accelerates component fault location anddiagnosis, and shortens the fault recovery time from 2hours to just 10 minutes.Intelligent algorithms: Most flash vendors lack E2E innate capabilities to ensure full performance from their SSDs. OceanStor Dorado 8000/18000 run industry-leading FlashLink® intelligent algorithms based on self-developed controllers, disk enclosures, and operating systems.✓Many-core balancing algorithm: Taps into the many-core computing power of a controller to maximize the dataprocessing capability.✓Service splitting algorithm: Offloads reconstruction services from the controller enclosure to the smart SSD enclosure to ease the load pressure of the controller enclosure for moreefficient I/O processing.✓Cache acceleration algorithm: Accelerates batch processing with the intelligent module to bring intelligence to storagesystems during application operations.The data layout between SSDs and controllers is coordinated synchronously.✓Large-block sequential write algorithm: Aggregates multiple discrete data blocks into a unified big data blockfor disk flushing, reducing write amplification and ensuringstable performance.✓Independent metadata partitioning algorithm: Effectively controls the performance compromise caused by garbagecollection for stable performance.✓I/O priority adjustment algorithm: Ensures that read and write I/Os are always prioritized, shortening the accesslatency.FlashLink® intelligent algorithms give full play to all flash memory and help Huawei OceanStor Dorado achieve unparalleled performance for a smoother service experience.E2E NVMe architecture for full series: All-flash storage has been widely adopted by enterprises to upgrade existing IT systems, but always-on service models continue to push IT system performance boundaries to a new level. Conventional SAS-based all-flash storage cannot break the bottleneck of 0.5 ms latency. NVMe all-flash storage, on the other hand, is afuture-proof architecture that implements direct communication between the CPU and SSDs, shortening the transmission path. In addition, the quantity of concurrencies is increased by 65,536 times, and the protocol interaction is reduced from four times to two, which doubles the write request processing. Huawei is a pioneer in adopting end-to-end NVMe architecture across the entire series. OceanStor Dorado all-flash systems use the industry-leading 32 Gb FC-NVMe/100 Gb RoCE protocols at the front end and adopt Huawei-developed link-layer protocols to implement failover within seconds and plug-and-play, thus improving the reliability and O&M. It also uses a 100 Gb RDMA protocol at the back end for E2E data acceleration. This enables latency as low as 0.05 ms and 10x faster transmission than SAS all-flash storage. Globally shared distributed file system: The OceanStor Dorado 8000/18000 high-end all-flash storage systems support the NAS function and use the globally shared distributed file systems to ensure ever-fast NAS performance. To make full use of computing power, the many-core processors in a controller process services concurrently. In addition, intelligent data prefetching and layout further shorten the access latency, achieving over 30% higher NAS performance than the industry benchmark.Linear increase of performance and capacity: Unpredictable business growth requires storage to provide simple linear increases in performance as more capacity is added to keep up with ever-changing business needs. OceanStor Dorado8000/18000 support the scale-out up to 32 controllers, and IOPS increases up to 21,000,000 linearly as the quantity of controller enclosures increases, matching the performance needs of the future business development.Always-On Applications with 5-Layer Reliability Industries such as finance, manufacturing, and carriers are upgrading to intelligent service systems to meet the strategy of sustainable development. This will likely lead to diverse services and data types that require better IT architecture. OceanStor Dorado 8000/18000 high-end all-flash storage systems are an ideal choice for customers who need robust IT systems that consolidate multiple types of services for stable, always on services. They ensure end-to-end reliability at all levels, from component, architecture, product, solution, all the way to cloud, supporting data consolidation scenarios with 99.99999% availability.Benchmark-Setting 5-Layer ReliabilityComponent –SSDs: Reliability has always been a top concern in the development of SSDs, and Huawei SSDs are a prime example of this. Leveraging global wear-leveling technology, Huawei SSDs can balance their loads for a longer lifespan of each SSD. In addition, Huawei's patented anti-wear levelingtechnology prevents simultaneous multi-SSD failures and improves the reliability of the entire system.Architecture –fully interconnected design: Huawei OceanStor Dorado 8000/18000 use full-interconnection design at front and back-ends and intelligent multi-protocol interface modules to build the SmartMatrix architecture with ultra-high reliability. High-speed interconnection of multiple controllers is supported via the 100 Gb/s RDMA protocol, and the uniquefull-interconnection design tolerates failures for 3 out of 4 and even 7 out of 8 controllers and failure for 1 out of 2 controller enclosures to ensure zero service interruption, setting a new benchmark for storage reliability. The front-end interface modules connect to 4 controllers simultaneously. If a controller fails, services can be switched to an operational controller in seconds, without any host link interruption or any impact on upper-layer services. Application servers can access LUNs through any controller, instead of just a single controller. Multiple controllers share workload pressure using the load balancing algorithm. If a controller fails, other controllers take over services smoothly without any service interruption. Product –enhanced hardware and software: Product design is a systematic process. Before a stable storage system is commercially released, it must ensure that it meets the demands from both software and hardware, and can faultlessly host key enterprise applications. The OceanStor Dorado8000/18000 are equipped with hardware that adopts a fully redundant architecture and supports dual-port NVMe and hot swap, preventing single points of failure. The innovative 9.5 mm palm-sized SSDs and biplanar orthogonal backplane design provide 44% higher capacity density and 25% improved heat dissipation capability, and ensure stable operations of 2U 36-slot SSD enclosures. The smart SSD enclosure is the first ever to feature built-in intelligent hardware that offloads reconstruction from the controller to the smart SSD enclosure. Backed up by RAID-TP technology, the smart SSD enclosure can tolerate simultaneous failures of three SSDs and reconstruct 1 TB of data within 15 minutes. In addition, the storage systems offer comprehensive enterprise-grade features, such as 3-second periodic snapshots, that set a new standard for storage product reliability.Solution –gateway-free active-active solution: Flash storage is designed for enterprise applications that require zero data loss or zero application interruption. OceanStor Dorado8000/18000 use a gateway-free A-A solution for SAN and NAS to prevent node failures, simplify deployment, and improve system reliability. In addition, the A-A solution implements A-A mirroring for load balancing and cross-site takeover without service interruption, ensuring that core applications are not affected by system breakdown. The all-flash systems provide the industry's only A-A solution for NAS, ensuring efficient, reliable NAS performance. They also offer the industry's firstRoCE transmission to improve performance by 50% compared with traditional IP solutions. In addition, the solution can be smoothly upgraded to the geo-redundant 3DC solution for high-level data protection.Cloud –gateway-free cloud DR*: Traditional backup solutions are slow, expensive, and the backup data cannot be directly used. Huawei OceanStor Dorado 8000/18000 high-end all-flash systems provide a converged data management solution. It improves the backup frequency 30-fold using industry-leading I/O-level backup technology, and allows backup copies to be directly used for development and testing. The disaster recovery (DR) and backup are integrated in the storage array, slashing TCO of DR construction by 50%. Working with HUAWEI CLOUD and Huawei jointly-operated clouds, the solution achieves gateway-free DR and DR in minutes on the cloud.Efficient O&M with Intelligent Edge-Cloud Synergy Intelligence throughout service lifecycle: Intelligent management covers resource planning, provisioning, system tuning, risk prediction, and fault location, and enables 60-day and 14-day predictions of performance bottleneck and disk faults respectively, and immediate solutions for 93% of problems detected.On and off-cloud synergy: Huawei OceanStor Dorado8000/18000 high-end all-flash systems combine general-purpose cloud intelligence with customized edge intelligence over a built-in intelligent hardware platform, providing incremental training and deep learning for a personalized customer experience. The eService intelligent O&M and management platform collects and analyzes over 190,000 device patterns on the live network in real time, extracts general rules, and enhances basic O&M.Extreme convergence: Huawei OceanStor Dorado 8000/18000 high-end all-flash storage systems provide multiple functions to meet diversified service requirements, improve storage resource utilization, and effectively reduce the TCO. The storage systems provide both SAN and NAS services and support parallel access, ensuring the optimal path for dual-service access. Built-in containers support storage and compute convergence, reducing IT construction costs, eliminating the latency between servers and storage, and improving performance. The convergence of cross-generation devices allows data to flow freely, simplifying O&M and reducing IT purchasing costs.FlashEver: The intelligent flexible architecture implements component-based upgrades without the need for data migration within 10 years. Users can enjoy latest-generation software and hardware capabilities without investing again in the related storage software features.Technical SpecificationsModel OceanStor Dorado 8000 OceanStor Dorado 18000 Hardware SpecificationsMaximum Number of3232ControllersMaximum Cache (Dual512 GB-32 TB512 GB-32 TBControllers, Expanding withthe Number of Controllers)Supported Storage Protocols FC, iSCSI, NFS*, CIFS*Front-End Port Types8/16/32 Gbit/s FC/FC-NVMe*, 10/25/40/100 GbE, 25 Gb NVMe over RoCE*Back-End Port Types SAS 3.0/100 Gb RDMA28Maximum Number of Hot-Swappable I/O Modules perController Enclosure96Maximum Number of Front-End Ports per ControllerEnclosureMaximum Number of SSDs6,4006,400SSDs 1.92 TB/3.84 TB/7.68 TB palm-sized NVMe SSD,960 GB/1.92 TB/3.84 TB/7.68 TB/15.36 TB SAS SSDSCM Supported800 GB SCM*Software SpecificationsSupported RAID Levels RAID 5, RAID 6, RAID 10*, and RAID-TP (tolerates simultaneous failures of 3 SSDs)Number of LUNs65,536Value-Added Features SmartDedupe, SmartVirtualization, SmartCompression, SmartMigration, SmartThin,SmartQoS(SAN&NAS), HyperSnap(SAN&NAS), HyperReplication(SAN&NAS),HyperClone(SAN&NAS), HyperMetro(SAN&NAS), HyperCDP(SAN&NAS), CloudBackup*,SmartCache*, SmartQuota(NAS)*, SmartTier*, SmartMulti-Tenant(NAS)*,HyperMetro-Inner(SAN&NAS), SmartContainer*DeviceManager UltraPath eServiceStorage ManagementSoftwarePhysical SpecificationsPower Supply SAS SSD enclosure: 100V–240V AC±10%, 192V–288V DCController enclosure/Smart SAS SSD enclosure/Smart NVMe SSD enclosure: 200V–240VAC±10%, 192V–288V DCTechnical SpecificationsModel OceanStor Dorado 8000 OceanStor Dorado 18000 Physical SpecificationsDimensions (H x W x D)Controller enclosure: 175 mm ×447 mm ×865 mmSAS SSD enclosure: 86.1 mm ×447 mm ×410 mmSmart SAS SSD enclosure: 86.1 mm x 447mm x 520 mmSmart NVMe SSD enclosure: 86.1 mm x 447mm x 620 mmMax. bay dimensions: 2000 mm ×600 mm×1200 mmWeight Controller enclosure: ≤ 90 kgSAS SSD enclosure: ≤ 20 kgSmart SAS SSD enclosure: ≤ 30 kgSmart NVMe SSD enclosure: ≤ 35 kg System bay: ≤ 700 kg Disk bay: ≤ 600 kgOperating Temperature–60 m to +1800 m altitude: 5°C to 35°C (bay) or 40°C (enclosure)1800 m to 3000 m altitude: The max. temperature threshold decreases by 1°C for everyaltitude increase of 220 mOperating Humidity10% RH to 90% RHCopyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 2021. All rights reserved.No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without the prior written consent of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.Trademarks and Permissions, HUAWEI, and are trademarks or registered trademarks of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Other trademarks, product, service and company names mentioned are the property of their respective holders.Disclaimer THE CONTENTS OF THIS MANUAL ARE PROVIDED "AS IS". EXCEPT AS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAWS, NO WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIEDWARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, ARE MADE IN RELATION TOTHE ACCURACY, RELIABILITY OR CONTENTS OF THIS MANUAL.TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, IN NO CASE SHALL HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIESCO., LTD BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, OR LOSTPROFITS, BUSINESS, REVENUE, DATA, GOODWILL OR ANTICIPATED SAVINGS ARISING OUT OF, OR INCONNECTION WITH, THE USE OF THIS MANUAL.Tel: + S h e n z h en 518129,P.R.C h i n aBantian Longgang DistrictHUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO.,LTD.To learn more about Huawei storage, please contact your local Huawei officeor visit the Huawei Enterprise website: .Huawei Enterprise APPHuawei IT。

华为OceanStor 18000系列高端存储系统RAID2.0+技术白皮书文档版本01 发布日期 2013-8-12华为技术有限公司版权所有© 华为技术有限公司2013。

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华为技术有限公司地址：深圳市龙岗区坂田华为总部办公楼邮编：518129网址：客户服务邮箱：support@客户服务电话：4008302118目录1 RAID2.0+概述 (1)1.1 RAID技术演变 (1)1.2 华为RAID2.0+简介 (2)2 RAID2.0+原理 (3)2.1 RAID2.0+基本原理 (3)2.2 RAID2.0+实现框架 (4)2.3 RAID2.0+逻辑对象 (5)3 RAID2.0+技术亮点 (1)3.1 安全可信 (1)3.1.1 自动负载均衡，降低整体故障率 (1)3.1.2 快速精简重构，改善双盘失效率 (2)3.1.3 故障自检自愈，保证系统可靠性 (3)3.2 弹性高效 (4)3.2.1 虚拟池化设计，降低存储规划管理难度 (4)3.2.2 增加LUN所跨硬盘数，大幅提升单LUN性能 (4)3.2.3 空间动态分布，灵活适应业务变化 (5)4 附录A：RAID2.0+ FAQ (6)5 附录B：RAID2.0+周边资源 (9)6 缩略语表/Acronyms and Abbreviations (10)修订记录/Change History1 RAID2.0+概述1.1 RAID技术演变RAID（Redundant Array of Independent Disk，独立冗余磁盘阵列）技术诞生于1987年，最初由美国加州大学的伯克利分校提出，其基本思想是把多个独立的物理硬盘通过相关的算法组合成一个虚拟的逻辑硬盘，从而提供更大容量、更高性能，或更高的数据容错功能。