关于“写话、习作”
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写话习作专题:怎样写好小动物(含范文6篇)写小动物是小学写作训练的一项重要内容,因为描写小动物的训练不但可以学到不少写作知识和一些基本的生物学知识,而且可以培养我们热爱自然、关心生物世界的思想感情。
那么,怎么样写好小动物作文呢?一、首先要从心底上热爱小动物这是写好小动物作文的第一步。
只有这样,才会去仔细观察它们,写出好的作文。
另外,通过对小动物素描训练,可以养成科学的观察方法,对小动物某些特征的了解又可以培养分析、比较的能力,并且活跃思维。
二、要挑选十分熟悉和十分了解的小动物来写要熟悉这小动物的长相、外形,要准确地抓住它们的特点,要了解它们的生活习性。
这是写好这类作文的基础,如果不很了解你写的小动物,又怎么能写得惟妙惟肖、栩栩如生呢!三、写作时要注意技巧练习时要遵照从简单到复杂,从静态到动态,从一般描写到个性化描写,从观察描写到想象描写的步骤,逐步提高表达水平。
四、要有真情实感选择写作对象时,要有一种发自内心的喜爱之情。
写的时候,通过挖掘小动物内在品性,抒发自己的喜爱之情。
如抓住小猴子、小白兔、小松鼠等体形上小巧灵活的特点,表现它聪明、活泼、淘气、可爱,写出它们通人性的一面,抒发作者的感情。
《我喜欢的小动物》范文范文一我喜欢的小动物呀,她鼓鼓眼,阔嘴巴,全身鳞片包着它。
游来游去真自在,玻玻璃缸里来安家。
小朋友,你们可能猜到了,这就是小金鱼。
小金鱼的眼睛圆圆的、黑黑的,长在头的两边,它还有一张小巧的嘴巴,在水里的时候,嘴巴总是一张一闭的,看上去好像在什么地方都要呼吸。
小金鱼有一身漂亮的鱼鳞,这身鱼鳞的颜色是橘红色的,色彩鲜艳,非常漂亮。
在灯光的照射下显得亮晶晶的,很好看。
她的肚子大大的,就像吃了好多鱼食一样,非常滑稽。
小金鱼的尾巴就像一个小公主穿着一件裙子一样,很美丽。
我喜欢可爱的小金鱼。
范文二我喜欢的小动物---蚕宝宝我喜欢蚕宝宝。
因为蚕宝宝浑身都是宝,它褪下来的皮能入药。
吐出的丝能做衣服,排出的便便能做枕芯,它也很可爱。
三年级语文下册习作二看图写话的英语作文全文共3篇示例,供读者参考篇1A Fun Day at the ZooLast Sunday, my family and I went to the amazing Beijing Zoo! My little brother and I were so excited because we love looking at all the different animals. When we first got there, we saw a huge sign with a map showing where all the animal exhibits were. The map looked really confusing with all the pathways going every which way, but my dad said he could figure it out.The first animals we saw were the giant pandas. They were so cute and fluffy! There were a few pandas munching on bamboo leaves while others were climbing around on the trees and rocks. My brother tried making panda noises to get their attention, but they just kept eating like they couldn't hear us. I wished one of them would have waved at us!Next we went to the monkey area which was really noisy. All the monkeys were screeching and hollering and jumping around like crazy. Some of them were playing together and wrestling onthe ground. Others were swing from branch to branch by their long tails. We thought it was hilarious when one mischievous monkey grabbed another monkey's banana right out of his hands! That poor monkey looked so sad when his snack was stolen.After that, we saw the huge elephants which are my favorite animals. They are so massive and strong, but also seem very gentle. We watched as the zookeepers gave them bushels of hay to munch on. The elephant calves were particularly cute, running around and playing together with their tiny trunks. At one point, a baby elephant sprayed himself with water from his trunk which made all the kids laugh.The reptile house was a little scary because some of those snakes and alligators look very dangerous! My brother and I hurried past the snake exhibit because we didn't like how they were slithering around sticking their tongues out. But the alligators were cool because they were just floating there lazily with their big jaws open, probably hoping for a snack to come swimming by.My brother's favorite animals were the roaring lions and tigers. Whenever the lions yawned and roared, he would roar back trying to sound just as fierce. The tigers were a beautifulorange color with thick striped fur. We saw one big tiger scratching his back against a tree trunk to groom himself.What I thought was most interesting were the strange animals I had never heard of before. Like these super tall birds called giraffes with extremely long necks! How do they hold their head up with a neck that long? And then there were these funny looking animals called warthogs that had huge jaws and tusks sticking out. We couldn't help but giggle at how ugly yet cute they looked shuffling around.After walking around for hours exploring all the amazing animals, we were getting pretty hot and sticky from sweating so much. My parents let us play in the water fountains for a little bit to cool off, which was really refreshing and fun. Once we had dried off, we stopped at the zoo gift shop to buy some souvenirs.I chose a cute plush panda bear to remember my awesome day.By the time we arrived back home, I was completely tuckered out from all the walking and excitement of seeing so many exotic creatures. I fell asleep as soon as I flopped onto the couch! Visiting the zoo was such a wonderful adventure, and I definitely want to go back again sometime soon. Maybe next time we can even ride an elephant or feed the giraffes! A kid can dream, right? I'll never forget how much fun I had at the amazing Beijing Zoo!篇2My Picture CompositionToday we had to do "Composition II: Picture Description" for our Chinese language homework. The picture showed some kids playing in a park on a sunny day. I'm going to try my best to describe everything I see in detail.At the top left of the picture, there is a big green tree with lots of leaves. The leaves look really fresh and healthy. Under the tree, I can see a little boy laying on the ground reading a book. He has on a red shirt and blue shorts. Reading outdoors on a nice day seems relaxing.To the right of the tree, there is a red slide and some other playground equipment. On the slide, a girl in a yellow dress is going down. She has her arms up like she's saying "Weeee!" Going down the slide looks fun. I hope she doesn't fall off at the bottom though!Next to the slide area, there is a little pond or lake. It has blue water and I can see the reflections of the clouds in the sky on the surface. Around the edge of the pond, there are some rocks and a few plants growing. Two little ducks are swimming in themiddle of the pond. I like ducks - they're cute when they bob their heads in the water as they swim.On the right side of the picture, there is a big open grassy area. On this grass, I can see several kids running around and playing. One boy is kicking a soccer ball. Another boy is flying a kite that's shaped like a bird. The kite is green and its long tail is blowing in the wind behind it. I've never flown a kite before but it looks hard to control.In the bottom right corner, there is a little snack stand or food stall. A smiling lady is inside giving out foods or drinks to the kids lined up in front of it. The kids look very happy to be getting their snacks. I wonder what kinds of tasty treats she's selling?Behind the snack stand, there are some picnic tables under a few more big green trees. At one of the tables, I can see a family having a picnic together. There's a mom, dad, and two kids. They have a picnic basket and look like they're eating sandwiches or something. Family picnics in the park are always nice on beautiful days like the one shown.Up in the bright blue sky, I can see some puffy white clouds. The sun is shining brightly too, which is why everyone's shadows are so dark on the ground.In the far background, I can make out some tall buildings which must be part of the city nearby. But the park itself feels naturally green and peaceful, away from the busyness of the city.Overall, the picture shows lots of fun activities kids can do at a park on a sunny day. Playing on playgrounds, swimming, flying kites, kicking soccer balls, having picnics, and just relaxing are all depicted. It looks like the perfect scene for kids to run around, enjoy nature, and make happy memories. I wish I could transport myself into that picture and spend the day playing there!I hope my description painted a decent picture in your mind of what the illustration looked like. Writing in such detail really makes you observe and appreciate all the small elements that come together to create a whole scene. Let me know if you need any clarification on particular parts of my description. I tried my best!篇3My Summer Vacation AdventuresThe last day of school finally came! I was so excited for summer vacation to start. No more waking up early, no more homework, and two whole months to relax and have fun. Myparents had some fun activities planned for our family over the break.The first week, we went to the countryside to visit my grandparents. They live in a small village a few hours away from the city. I always enjoy going there because it's so different from my life in the city. There are wide open spaces, fresh air, and lots of nature all around.As soon as we arrived, I rushed out to explore my grandparents' little farm. They have a vegetable garden, fruit trees, chickens, and even a couple of pigs! I love watching the chickens scatter around pecking at the ground. The pigs are kind of smelly but also really funny waddling around with their big bellies. My grandpa showed me how to feed them kitchen scraps over the fence.In the mornings, my grandma would send me out to the garden to pick fresh vegetables for our meals. I pulled up crisp radishes, snapped off green beans, and plucked juicy red tomatoes right off the vines. The vegetables tasted so amazing since they were just picked. Way better than the ones we buy at the grocery store!My favorite part was when my grandpa took me down to the stream behind their house. He taught me how to catch little fishand crayfish with a net. At first the crayfish pinched my fingers, but eventually I got the hang of it. We'd take our catches back up to the house and my grandma would make them into a delicious soup for dinner. I felt like a real farmer, being able to catch my own food right from nature.In the afternoons, I would run around the open fields near their house pretending to be a brave explorer. The grass was as tall as me in some spots! I had to use a big stick to blaze my own trails through the dense greenery. A few times I saw a snake slithering by, which made me jump but also fascinated me. There were so many critters around like grasshoppers, bees, and butterflies. My grandfather told me all their names and I tried to memorize them.At night after dinner, we would all sit outside and look at the thousands of bright stars you can't see in the city. My grandfather knew the names of all the constellations. He pointed out the Big Dipper, Orion's Belt, and other cool star patterns I never knew existed. It made me want to learn more about astronomy. The night sky in the countryside is magical.After a wonderful week on the farm, it was time to head back to our home in the city. I was sad to leave, but couldn't wait for our next summer adventure - a trip to the beach!A few days later, we drove for hours and hours until we finally arrived at the famous tropical beach town. I'd never seen the ocean in real life before, so I was incredibly excited. As we got closer, I could smell the salty sea air and feel the warm, humid breezes.When the blue-green waves finally came into view, my jaw dropped. The ocean seemed to stretch out forever, all the way to the horizon. Crashing white foamy waves rolled endlessly onto the golden sandy beach. I couldn't wait to jump in!We quickly checked into our beach rental and changed into our swimsuits. Mom applied a thick layer of sunscreen since the hot sun was blazing bright in the sky that day. Then we hurried down to dip our toes in the water.The sand was like soft warm powder between my toes. As a wave rushed up the shore, the cool, salty water splashed my legs. It felt so refreshing after being in the hot car for hours. I waded a little deeper until the waves were crashing against my waist. The push and pull of the water was exhilarating. Every once in a while a bigger wave would sneak up and completely drench me, making me shriek with delight.After playing in the waves for a while, we spread out our beach towels to work on our tans. I buried my dad's legs in thesand up to his knees for a laugh. He pretended to be trapped which was hilarious. Mom fell asleep catching some rays.In the late afternoon, the beach vendors came by selling fresh coconuts, mangoes, and other tropical snacks. We bought a couple coconuts and sipped the refreshing coconut water from a straw sticking out of the top. It was so delicious and helped us cool off from the intense heat.For dinner, we had an amazing seafood feast caught fresh that morning. We started with fried calamari and shrimp cocktail. Then we had broiled fish, buttery lobster tails, and even some grilled octopus to try. It was fun pulling apart the octopus tentacles with my fingers. The food was so flavorful and went perfectly with the ocean view at our table.After dinner, we walked along the beach as the sun was setting. The sky turned brilliant shades of orange, pink, and purple as the sun slowly dipped below the horizon. We even saw a few dolphins jumping gracefully in and out of the waves. I'd never seen anything more beautiful than that sunset on the beach.Back at our rental, we changed into warm clothes and walked along the beach boardwalk. There were countless stores, street food vendors, artists, musicians, games, and otherentertainment. We stopped for a snack of fresh churros coated in cinnamon sugar that were still hot and crispy from the fryer. They melted in my mouth and were the perfect sweet treat to end our first fun-filled day at the beach.For the rest of our trip, we spent tons of time swimming, building sandcastles, collecting seashells, and just relaxing in the warm tropical sun. I even took a surf lesson and was able to stand up on the board for a few seconds before wiping out into the waves. That trip to the beach will always be one of myall-time favorite summer memories.Too soon, our summer vacation was over and it was time to go back to school. As much as I complained about it during the year, I actually kind of missed school a little bit over the break. I missed seeing my friends every day and couldn't wait to tell them all about my awesome summer adventures!On the first day back, my teacher asked us to write about what we did over the summer. I had so many fun stories to choose from - fishing, stargazing, swimming in the ocean, trying new foods, and all the other exciting activities. Filling up the pages was no problem at all. I could have written a whole book about my summer! It was hard to fit in all the details of my adventures into just a short essay.Summer always goes by too fast, but this one was packed with so many incredible memories. From the quiet peacefulness of the countryside, to the lively energy of the beach, it was the ultimate summer for experiencing new things. Laying in bed that first night back home, I daydreamed about where we might travel for summer vacation next year. Maybe somewhere with mountains? Or a city in another country? I couldn't wait to have another memorable adventure. But for now, it was time to return to school, recharged and rested from the best summer break ever!。
《美丽的秋天》写话习作范文20篇范文1秋天到了,农民伯伯忙着在地里收果子呢!红红的苹果熟了,黄澄澄的梨子特别逗人喜爱。
西瓜到哪儿去了呢?原来西瓜是夏天成熟的水果。
荷花凋谢了,长成了嫩嫩的莲蓬,又甜又好吃,我可喜欢吃了!菊花开了,有白的、黄的、粉红的,好看极了!蜜蜂围着它歌唱,蝴蝶在花丛中飞来飞去,好像在跳舞,它们也很喜欢菊花呢!秋天是个收获的季节,也是一个多彩的季节,我喜欢这美丽的秋天!范文2秋天到了,金黄的稻子笑弯了腰,梨树上面挂满了黄澄澄的果子,好像小灯笼一样闪闪发亮,一阵阵凉爽的风刮过来,落叶随风飘过,一群美丽的蝴蝶在飞舞,秋天多美啊!我要把你画成一幅美丽的图画。
范文3秋天,树林里满地都是落叶。
果子成熟了,苹果树结出了一个个红红的苹果,葡萄架上结出了一串串紫色的葡萄。
稻田里掀起金色的麦浪。
秋天真是一个丰收的季节。
范文4秋天来了,天气变凉了。
树林里,树叶变黄了,一片片金色的叶子从树上飘落下来,像一只只美丽的蝴蝶。
田野里的稻子成熟了,像一片片金色的海洋。
果园里,瓜果飘香。
秋天真好,不冷也不热。
秋天是个丰收的季节,也是个多彩的季节。
范文5秋天来了,天气变的真凉爽呀!大雁赶着时间往南飞,生怕耽误了过冬呢。
秋天是个美丽的季节,公园里最鲜艳的花儿就是菊花,树叶黄了,像蝴蝶一样飘落,真漂亮呀!秋天也是一个丰收的季节,各种各样的果子都熟了。
范文6炎热的夏天过去了,凉爽的秋天来临了。
秋天的天特别蓝,好像是画出来的。
秋天的空气特别新鲜,好像被过滤过一样。
早上,我走在上学的路上,吸一口空气,特别清爽,头脑也清醒万分。
秋天的田野那就更不用说了。
稻田一片金黄,远看像铺了一层金黄的地毯。
你看那火红的高粱,远看就像一群戴红帽子的小姑娘,随着一阵阵微风在那里翩翩起舞。
你再看那柿子,火红火红的,像一个个红通通的灯笼虽然秋天的花木大多枯萎了,但是只要你细心地去找,就会发现那美丽的秋菊,五颜六色,千姿百态。
走近一闻,一股股清香迎面而来……这些秋菊争奇斗艳,在凉爽的秋风中竞相开放。
【导语】小学低年级学生看图写话的要求是:对写话有兴趣,留心周围事物,写自己想说的话,写想象中的事物。
下面是为您整理的关于二年级看图写话作文加评语,希望对您有所帮助!【篇一】森林里有一棵很老的大树,一窝小鸟住在他的头上。
一天,鸟妈妈出去找吃的。
她刚走,就开始刮风下雨,小鸟们在家里吓得有的哭有的叫。
大树爷爷笑咪咪地说:“不要哭,鸟宝宝们,爷爷给你们讲笑话。
”小鸟们很听话,安安静静地听树爷爷讲笑话。
鸟妈妈在外面找了很久,才找了一条虫子,可是她担心宝宝会哭,就急忙飞回家。
她一回家,就看见树爷爷正在给小鸟们讲笑话,小鸟们乐得叽叽喳喳的。
鸟妈妈看到孩子们都那么开心,也笑了。
【评语】这是一篇写景的文章,小作者对图画有生动的描述,能解读出图画所蕴含的内涵,表达了人与人之间应该互相帮助的美好愿望。
文章立意浅显而耐人寻味,是一篇成功的习作。
【篇二】一天,妈妈带着小亮和小明去看夕阳。
夕阳要落山了,就像一位小姑娘羞红了脸园园的脸蛋,连云也被传染了,披上了一层薄薄的红纱。
一会夕阳落下了一半,像切开的月饼,还有一半在天上,橘黄的,云也一会红,一会橙。
连海鸥也不知道什么时候披上了红纱巾,近看就像倒过来的“人”字。
过了一会儿,太阳不见了,好象在说:“我们捉迷藏吧。
”妈妈对小亮和小明说:“太阳回家了,我们也回家吧。
”于是,他们恋恋不舍地回家了。
【评语】这是一篇描写看夕阳的文章,文章语言优美。
比喻句“夕阳就像一位小姑娘羞红了脸园园的脸蛋,连云也被传染了,披上了一层薄薄的红纱”形象的写出了夕阳的美。
文字细腻生动,文笔清新,因此是一次很成功的创作。
【篇三】一阵轰隆隆的雷声过后,教室外面下起了瓢泼大雨。
此时下课的铃声响了,同学们有的穿着雨披,有的打着雨伞,急匆匆的离开了。
原本嘈杂的教室突然变得安静了下来。
只有小明站在门口发愁呢,被整理书包的华华看见了,她急忙拿起了桌上的雨伞跑过去,对小明说:“让我们共用一把雨伞吧!”小明用力的点了点头,拉起华华的手一起高高兴兴的回家了。
“写话”“习作”与“写作”辨正(潘新和)新课标的阶段目标,在书面语表达的教学方面,在不同的学段,用了不同的概念:第一学段(1-2年级)是“写话”,第二(3-4年级)、三学段(5-6年级)是“习作”,第四学段(7-9年级)是“写作”。
课标的制订者的初衷自然是好的,是想作教学梯度的区分,使不同学段有不同的要求。
但由于这些概念在长期的使用过程中积淀了种种分歧的见解,在教学实践中也曾产生了不少值得反思的问题,因此,有必要对这种区分的利弊作进一步的探讨,使之真正有利于教学与学生的书面语能力的形成与发展。
先说“写话”。
存在的主要问题有二:一是写的是什么“话”?二是“写话”与“写作”是一回事吗?第一个问题看似很简单,“写话”自然写的是普通话。
但问题随之而来,“写话”的意思顾名思义就是“话怎么说就怎么写”,在我们这个幅员辽阔、方言众多,普通话还远未普及的国家中,刚刚入学的小学生相当部分说的还是方言,还未能用普通话进行交流,当他们被告知“写话”时,首先在他们脑子中反应出的必定是最常使用的话——“方言”,而不是对他们来说还较为生疏的普通话。
“写话”这一概念,对不论操何种方言的孩子都可能造成误导,他们会以为只要根据自己所讲的“话”“写”出来就成,就是“写作”了。
假设小学生都能说一口标准的普通话,“写话”是不是就没有问题了呢?“写话”与“写作”是不是就是一回事呢?答案同样是否定的。
早在20世纪40年代人们就对这一问题有过争论,而且多数学者都十分关注“写话”与“写作”的差异。
例如朱自清先生说:“写的白话不等于说话,写的白话文更不等于说话。
写和说到底是两回事。
”“说的白话和写的白话绝不是一致的;它们该各有各的标准。
”“朱光潜先生也指出了“作文如说话”这种见解的“语病”,从普遍意义上断言“说”与“写”在各国都是不一致的。
“吕叔湘先生也谈到过“语言”与“文字”的差异。
固然,“说”与“写”也有相似点,但是毫无疑问,在“写”的教学中,尤须注重的不是二者的相似点,而是相异点,应注重“写”的特殊性,注重培养学生正确的写作观念。
〔3〕关于习作学段习作〔写话〕教学训练目标第一学段★以句子训练为主,重在对写话有兴趣,写自己想说的话,写想象中的事物,写出自己对周围事物的认识和感想。
不专门开设写话课,写话教学随机穿插在语文课堂各个环节的教学之中,学完拼音之后便可开始让学生尝试用汉语拼音写话。
从写一句话到写几句话,再到写一段话,最后学会写简单的日记甚至短文。
第二学段★以构段训练为主。
重在引导学生热爱、关注生活,能不拘形式地写下见闻、感受和想象,注意表现自己觉得新奇有趣或印象最深、最受感动的内容。
三年级是习作教学的起始年级,小练笔以片断练习为主,大作文写实、想象、日记并重。
第三学段★以谋篇训练为主。
重在多读书,广见闻,善思考,有个性地表达。
要求能写简单的记实作文和想象作文,内容具体,感情真实。
能根据习作内容表达的需要,分段表述。
能写常见的应用文。
习作方面,低段要求“对写话有兴趣〞,“在写话中乐于运用阅读和生活中学到的词语〞,学习使用“逗号、句号、问号、感慨号〞四种标点符号。
激发培养学生“对写话有兴趣〞,是低段写话教学的重点。
中段的习作,要求增加习作的自信心,学习观察,学习修改等。
2021年版课标增加了表达方面的要求“把自己觉得新奇有趣或印象最深、最受感动的内容写清楚。
〞“写清楚〞是对中段习作的新要求。
高段的习作,要求“懂得写作是为了自我表达和与人交流〞,“养成留心观察周围事物的习惯〞,“能写简单的记实作文和想象作文〞,“内容具体,感情真实〞等。
2021年版课标在高段习作中增加了“习作要有一定速度〞的要求。
在传统的语文教学中,习作教学历来是与阅读教学平分秋色的教学任务,学写作文是相当多的中小学生在学习生涯中倍感头疼的一件事,所以市场上充满着汗牛充栋的作文秘籍,各种培训班才有了作文补习的土壤。
无论是实验稿还是2021年版?语文课程标准?在习作方面的改革力度都是非常大的。
“根据新课程标准的理念及习作要求,需要对传统的作文教学进行改革。
如何改革?课程标准第二学段在‘习作’的第二条和第三学段的第二、第三条都从习作内容和教学方式上提出了明确要求。
写话与习作定义的区别
《语⽂课程标准》把⼩学低年级的写作称之为写话,把中⾼年级的写作称之为习作,这样准确的定义更科学,更符合⼩学⽣认知发展的特点和实际表达的需要。
《语⽂课程标准》对低年级写话教学提出的⽬标是:
1.对写话有兴趣,写⾃⼰想说的话,写想像中的事物,写出⾃⼰对周围事物的认识和感想。
2.在写话中乐于运⽤阅读和⽣活中学到的词语。
3.根据表达的需要,学习使⽤逗号、句号、问号、感叹号。
《语⽂课程标准》为我们构建了⼀个科学的完美的训练序列,那就是“乐意写”(⼀、⼆年级)——“⾃由写”(三、四年级)——“学会写”(五、六年级)。
“乐意写”的核⼼是兴趣,兴趣是最好的⽼师,是写话的内驱⼒。
激发兴趣调动学⽣乐于表达的积极性和⾃信⼼,是提⾼学⽣写话能⼒的前提条件,正因为如此,《语⽂课程标准》在低年级学段的写话⽬标设定上,特别强调“对写活有兴趣”。
这是低年级写话训练的⾮常重要的标准,也是写作训练的⾼境界。
另外,写话是⼩学⽣的个性化⾏为,写话的过程既是个性发展的过程,也是提⾼⾃⼰创新表达能⼒的过程。
因此,《语⽂课程标准》指出⼩学低年级的另⼀个写话的⽬标是“写⾃⼰想说的话”,这⼀⽬标渗透着发展个性,创新表达的理念,教师只有认真研读了新课标才能有的放⽮地开展写话教学。
三年级看图写话6篇第一篇三班级看图写话:看图写话_350字在一个下着倾盆大雨的晚上,小红的病房传来一阵急促的敲门声,护士轻轻地打开门,原来是小红的三个同学,只见这三个同学浑身湿淋淋的,小红满带微笑地说:“你们来了,快进来,别感冒了,同学们脱下雨衣卦在衣架上,小丽拿了一个苹果,一边削,一边亲切地问:“小红,您好些了吗?”小红微笑地说:“好多了,感谢你们的关怀。
”小刚拿起一本书,仔细地给小红读了起来,有时还问小红听懂了没有。
小丽拿起茶壶,当心翼翼地倒水递给小红,小红感动地说:“辛苦你们了,又给我补课,又照看我。
”小丽说:“没什么,我们几个用自己的零花钱买了些小礼物,请收下吧,祝你早日康复。
”小红热泪盈眶,说:“感谢你们,有了你们的关怀,我很快就会好起来的。
”最终,几个同学依依不舍地离开了。
北京中关村三小中关村部三班级:张思航其次篇三班级看图写话:[PK赛]关于看图写话的作文:春游_300字一个风和日丽的上午,亮亮、明明、林林他们去春游。
走着走着,他们走到了一大片树林里,亮亮说:“快看,那是什么?”原来,他们发现了树林里的几只小动物和一条清亮的小溪。
那里可真美啊!悄悄的山谷,把他们深深地吸引了进去。
山谷里就更美了,五彩缤纷的花朵,冲着他们笑,摇曳的柳树在向他们招手;那清亮见底的小河,里面有小鱼在水里欢快的游来游去,小虾在高兴奋兴的一会儿游到这、一会儿游到那。
小河“叮叮咚咚”的,唱起了欢快的歌儿。
树林里,小鸟在“叽叽喳喳”地叫,泉水,小鸟,还有三个小伴侣的声音合起来,真好听啊!我爱这里的山谷!更爱大自然中的乐趣!三班级:彭语馨北猫老师点评:大自然被你写得很美。
第三篇三班级看图写话:[PK赛]关于看图写话的作文:春游_350字在一个阳光明媚的星期天,小翟、小佳、小羽他们一起去春游。
他们背着背包,背包里有水、面包、干脆面、火腿肠……他们快欢乐乐地向凤凰山进发了。
山下有一条小河,河水里有小蝌蚪、小鱼,河水清亮,一眼就可以发现河底。
关于“写话、习作”写作是运用语言文字进行表达和交流的重要方式,是认识世界、认识自我、创造性表述的过程。
写作能力是语文素养的综合体现。
写作教学应贴近学生实际,让学生动笔,乐于表达,应引导学生关注现实,热爱生活,积极向上,表达真情实感。
关于“写作”的目标,第一学段定位于“写话”,第二学段开始“写作”,这是为了降低学生写作启示阶段的难度,重在培养学生的写活习作兴趣和自信心。
新课标将小学习作分为三个学段:第一学段叫写话,第二、第三学段叫习作,从写话到习作再到习作,到了第四学段才叫写作。
它没有统一叫做写作或者统一叫做作文,其目的是为了体现层次性、发展性。
儿童开始学习写作,门槛不宜太高,能够对写话有兴趣,能够把自己想说的话写下来就很好了。
第二学段的目标定位不拘于形式地写下自己的见闻、感受和想象,内容和形式要求都很宽泛,也很开放,有什么就写什么,什么都可以写,怎么写都可以,可以成文,还可以不成文,可以写成一个片段,也可以写成几个片段,也可以再插一些图画,所以叫习作。
第三学段,要写简单的记实作文和想象作文,学写读书笔记,学写常见的应用文、记实作文和想象作文,很灵活,没有以往严格的记叙文的概念。
写话习作教学常见的问题有三个。
第一,在为什么写这个层面学生没有兴趣,没有内在的动力,认为作文就是为了交作业,为了考试。
第二,在写什么这个层面存在着说空话、假话、套话的现象。
第三,在怎样写这个层面缺乏有效的指导,有的指导只停留在作文技巧的概念上,如怎么开头,怎么过渡,怎么结尾等。
学生无话可说是说空话、假话、套话的主要原因。
那么怎样让学生有话可说呢,写话习作教学确实要讲究策略。
课程标准降低了习作的门槛,低年级定位于写话习作。
写话习作是启蒙作文,关键是培养兴趣,引导学生留心周围事物,写自己想说的话,写想象中的事物。
在写话习作中,乐于运用阅读和生活中学到的词语,这样的要求不高不严,没有很多的限制和束缚。
指导学生写话习作可以从以下几方面入手。
第一,要培养学生写话习作的兴趣。
第一学段“课标”要求学生“对写话有兴趣”,第二学段则提出“乐于书面表达,增强习作的自信心,愿意与他人分享习作的快乐”。
这就不但是一般练习书面表达,而且要乐于表达,要求是比较高的,却是十分重要的。
因为只有乐于书面表达,才能表达好,也只有表达好,才会乐于表达,两者是紧密关联的。
怎么才能做到“乐于书面表达”,这就关系到实际的教学质量。
作文教学不仅要培养学生书面表达的兴趣,还要让学生感受到自己书面表达能力一步步提高的成就感。
作文教学要达到这样的标准,关键是要让学生有表达的欲望,做到有话要写,有话会写,有话能写好,老师不断地给予引导与鼓励。
根据新课标的理念及习作的要求,需要对传统的作文教学进行改革。
如何改革,“新课标”第二学段在“习作”的第二条和第三学段的第二、第三条都从习作内容和教学形式上进一步提出了明确要求。
第二,要引导学生留心观察事物,激发写话习作的愿望。
课程标准在第一学段“留心周围事物”的基础上,第二学段提出要“观察周围世界”,第三学段提出“养成留心观察周围世界的习惯”。
从一开始的“留心”,到中年级的“观察”就比“留心”提高了一步,不仅是一般的“观”,还要“察”,既要求看得细,又要动脑筋去思考、去研究;到第四个学段,要求“养成留心观察的习惯,有意识地丰富自己的见闻”。
在指导学生观察前,应优选鲜明的观察客体。
学生的周围世界是宽阔而丰富的,观察的对象主要是大自然与社会生活两个范畴。
观察内容的安排,应该有梯度,由易到难,由简到繁,合理安排,一般从大自然到社会生活,从景物到人物。
观察的程序注意从整体场景,到形象,到细节,由表及里,从现象到本质。
大自然作为学生观察的客体,无论从外形到内涵都是极其丰富和富有美感的。
这里有着数不尽的学生渴求理解、值得欣赏和思考的画面及其因果关系。
大自然无与伦比的美感和丰富的内容,是取之不尽的课程资源。
教学前,应优选鲜明的感知目标,可以是不同季节的风光,可以是山川田野的静态和动态,也可以是宇宙天体以及在其间赖以生存的各种生命体,从中选取儿童最关注最有兴趣的事物;还可以从大自然相对永恒的客体到大自然发生骤然变化的种种现象中,优选观察客体。
社会生活的观察,首先应优选生活中光明美好的景象,尤其需突出富有时代气息的人物、事物、景物,引导学生去观察、体验,感受当代人的精神风貌,让学生在其过程中,受到良好的社会风尚的熏陶、感染,感受生活的美好。
这样才能培养学生对生活的热爱。
高年级也可作进一步考查。
老师有序地安排观察程序十分必要。
观察有序,所获得的映象必然是清晰地贮存于学生记忆屏上,学生的思维活动也会有序进行,习作就易于做到构思有序、条理清楚。
针对学生不同年级、不同特点和接受程度,从指导观察逐渐过渡到主动地自行观察。
尤其在高年级形成留心观察周围事物的习惯的过程中,一方面提醒学生应观察有序,另一方面又放手让学生各自独立观察,可以使他们在自主、深细的观察中获得独特的感受。
学生通过自己的眼睛、自己的耳朵获取习作素材,写自己经历的事,就可从根本上培养学生的习作兴趣。
学生习作的内容也不再是由老师命题,被动“作文”的弊端也会逐步地得到克服。
第三,创造想象情境,引导学生表达。
想象是儿童巨大的财富。
儿童的想象力往往高于成人。
常常听到他们不经意间说出“我真想有双翅膀”和“我真想飞”等。
我们要善于创造想象的情境,让学生写想象中的事物。
这也是课程标准第一学段的目标。
如《找春天》常常是低年级写话习作的题目,如果换成《我看到了春姑娘的笑脸》《春姑娘的大柳筐》等,学生借助想象的翅膀一定会飞得更高。
第四,结合口语训练,由说到写,说是写的先导。
学生识字量有限,写字的速度比较慢,所以说比写容易些,写话习作要从说一句话,写一句话开始。
著名特级教师于永正老师所做的言语交际表达训练,听说读写就是一体化的,生活化的。
第五,结合游戏活动,以玩助写。
曾经介绍过一位老师的拼拼说说写写的课,学生人手一套纸片做的几何图形,随意拼拼搭搭,在玩的过程中引导说话、写话习作,如我用什么拼成什么,用来干什么,或者为什么这样拼,等等,学生玩得高兴,写得开心。
最后,我们还可以引导学生结合阅读教学,以读代写。
读写结合是一条成功的经验。
在阅读教学中,要注意弱化词句教学,抓住读写结合的最佳生长点,结合学生的生活进行写的迁移,把消极词汇转化为积极词汇。
课程标准提出要加强观察力、思考力、表达力和创造力四种能力的培养。
这就需要在教学过程中运用一定的策略,有意识地渗透四种能力的培养。
比如,有的老师教学中经常使用思维导图的方式,发展学生的思考力。
教学描写一种心情的作文课,就以“生气”这个词语为主导词,借助思维图画打开学生的思路,让学生的思维向四面八方展开。
生气是看得见的,有的看到了火焰,有的看到了红色的辣椒,还看到了生活中很多的细节;生气是听得到的,有的听到了打雷的声音,有的听到了狮子怒吼的声音,有的听到门咣当一声关上的声音,水壶放蒸汽的声音等;生气是可以闻得到的,有的闻到了火药味,有的闻到了塑胶烧焦的气味;生气是有滋味的,有的说是那种辣椒的滋味,有的说是苦涩的滋味;生气也是摸得到的,有的说是冰凉的,有的说是滚烫的,有的说是粗糙的,不是细腻的。
这种思维导图打开了学生思维,生活中各种感觉的细节都出来了,那么学生在写话习作的时候也就有话可说了。
外国的作文教学很重视头脑风暴、思维导图等方式。
我们也可以有意识地加以运用。
作文教学是在有无之间的艺术。
在作文教学中,教师不作为这是不行的,但是教给那些没有用的静态的写话习作技巧,也是不足取的。
写话习作教学还需要抓住选材、立意、起草、加工等环节,我们要指导学生在写话习作实践中经历完整的写话习作体验,从中获得规律性的东西,逐渐养成习作的能力。
如果是半截子教学,老师出题,学生应命作文,没有展开过程,就会弱化作文能力的培养。
美国的学校从小学一年级到高中的教室里都悬挂着写有写话习作的过程的标语,内容就是构思、写话习作、修改、编辑、出版。
如果每一步学生都能得到有效的指导,经历有效的训练,学生的作文能力也就水涨船高,所以,习作教学一定要有过程意识。
课程标准非常重视作文的修改。
除了要上好作文指导课以外,我们还要非常重视作文讲评课,讲评是最好的指导。
在讲评过程中引导学生有意识地关注自己的表达,在修改实践中建构自己的作文经验。
欣赏作文的创造力蕴涵在写话习作过程之中,我们在每一个环节都要有意识地发展学生的创造意识。
在教学《月亮的联想》时,教师问学生,看到月亮能够联想到什么,很多学生举起了手。
老师说,想到小船的,请放下手来,几个学生不情愿地就放下手来了。
教师说想到镰刀的请放下手来,又几个学生放下了手。
想到香蕉的、想到大圆盘的也请放下手来。
就这样,学生突破了原有的想象,他们的想象开始新颖起来。
接着教师又来引导说,常规的想象也可以,想到小船、镰刀、圆盘,等等。
但怎么会表达得更好呢?学生又经过思考,他们的表达越来越漂亮。
这就是一种除遮蔽的策略。
在追求创新的同时首先要去蔽。
看到月亮想象到什么并不难,但是心理学上的想象和我们作文教学当中的想象是不一样的。
我们的教学要突破儿童表层的思维,触动深层的情思。
在构思指导修改等各个环节,都要有意识地发展这种语言趋优的意识。
久而久之,学生就有灵性了,就能够准确得体,而又优雅地进行表达了。
对写话习作的教学建议,可以归纳为六个要点。
一是要坚持以学生的发展为本,写话习作是学生认识世界,认识自我,创造性地表述的过程,所以我们把写话习作的过程看做人的发展的过程。
写话习作从需求出发,从生活出发,遵循规律,要有正确的文风,要学会做人。
二要准确地把握写话习作的目标,在小学阶段,特别是在起始阶段,目标不要太难,根据儿童语言发展的规律循序渐进,不要盲目提前,也不要盲目拔高。
三是注重培养学生的写话习作的能力,特别是标准里面讲到的观察、思考、表达、创造的能力。
四是要注重学生的自主写话习作和自由表达,要爱护童心、童趣、童真,不要用各种规范去束缚他们,不要老是用成人的眼光去挑剔他们。
五是要重视学生写话习作的过程与实践,如取材、立意、构思、起草、加工、修改。
六要注重写话习作与阅读、口语交际学习的联系,加强“听说读写”之间的沟通,有利于“听说读写”能力的协调发展,也有利于语文素养的整体提高。
关于“口语交际”口语交际能力是现代公民的必备能力。
应培养学生倾听、表达和应对的能力,使学生具有文明与和谐进行人际交流的素养。
课程标准规定的口语交际的总目标是具有日常口语交际的基本能力,学会倾听、表达与交流,初步学会应用口头语言文明地进行人际沟通和社会交往。
课程标准规定的第一学段的具体目标是:(1)学说普通话,逐步养成说普通话的习惯。
(2)能认真倾听别人讲话,努力了解讲话的主要内容。
(3)听故事,看音像作品,能复述大意和自己感兴趣的情节。