AP 物理C模拟题

2018ap物理c力学大题
2018年AP物理C力学大题主要涉及以下几个方面：
1. 力学基本概念，题目可能涉及牛顿运动定律、摩擦力、弹簧力、重力等基本力学概念。

学生需要理解这些概念并能够运用它们
解决问题。

2. 动量和能量，题目可能涉及动量守恒定律、动能、势能、机
械能守恒等内容。

学生需要能够分析物体的动能和势能变化，并理
解动量守恒的应用。

3. 旋转运动，题目可能涉及刚体的平衡、转动惯量、角动量等
内容。

学生需要理解刚体平衡的条件，能够计算刚体的转动惯量并
应用相关知识解决问题。

4. 振动和波动，题目可能涉及弹簧振子、简谐振动、波速、波
长等内容。

学生需要理解振动的特点、波动的传播规律，并能够运
用相关公式解决问题。

总体来说，2018年AP物理C力学大题涵盖了力学的基本概念、
动量和能量、旋转运动、振动和波动等多个方面的内容。

学生在备考时需要扎实掌握这些知识点，并能够灵活运用到解决实际问题的能力。

希望这些信息能够对你有所帮助。

AP® Physics C1989 Scoring GuidelinesThe materials included in these files are intended for use by AP teachers for course and exam preparation in the classroom; permission for any other use must be sought from the Advanced Placement Program®. Teachers may reproduce them, inwhole or in part, in limited quantities, for face-to-face teaching purposes but maynot mass distribute the materials, electronically or otherwise. These materials andany copies made of them may not be resold, and the copyright notices must beretained as they appear here. This permission does not apply to any third-partycopyrights contained herein.These materials were produced by Educational Testing Service® (ETS®), which develops and administers the examinations of the Advanced Placement Program for the College Board. The College Board and Educational Testing Service (ETS) are dedicated to the principle of equal opportunity, and theirprograms, services, and employment policies are guided by that principle.The College Board is a national nonprofit membership association dedicated to preparing, inspiring, and connecting students to college and opportunity.Founded in 1900, the association is composed of more than 4,200 schools, colleges, universities, and other educational organizations. Each year, theCollege Board serves over three million students and their parents, 22,000 high schools, and 3,500 colleges, through major programs and services incollege admission, guidance, assessment, financial aid, enrollment, and teaching and learning. Among its best-known programs are the SAT®, the PSAT/NMSQT®, and the Advanced Placement Program® (AP®). The College Board is committed to the principles of equity andexcellence, and that commitment is embodied in all of its programs, services, activities, and concerns.Copyright © 2002 by College Entrance Examination Board. All rights reserved. College Board, Advanced Placement Program, AP, SAT, and the acorn logo are registered trademarks of the College Entrance Examination Board. APIEL is a trademark owned by the College Entrance Examination Board. PSAT/NMSQT is a registered trademark jointly owned by the College Entrance Examination Board and the National Merit Scholarship Corporation.Educational Testing Service and ETS are registered trademarks of Educational Testing Service.。

Free ResponseTime:45 minutes. You may refer to the Constants sheet and Equations sheet in the Appendixes. You may also use a calculator on this portion of the exam.CM 1Two 5-kg masses are connected by a light string over two massless, frictionless pulleys. Each block sits on a frictionless inclined plane, as shown above. The blocks are released from rest.a.Determine the magnitude of the acceleration of the blocks.b.Determine the tension in the string.Now assume that the 30° incline is rough, so that the coefficient of friction between the block and the plane is 0.10. The 60° incline is s till frictionless.1.Determine the magnitude of the acceleration of the blocks.2.Determine the tension in the string.CM 2A hollow glass sphere of radius 8.0 cm rotates about a vertical diameter with frequency 5 revolutions per second. A small wooden ball of mass 2.0 g rotates inside the sphere, as shown in the diagram above.a.Draw a free-body diagram indicating the forces acting on the woodenball when it is at the position shown in the picture above.b.Calculate the angle θ, shown in the diagram above, to which theball rises.c.Calculate the linear speed of the wooden ball as it rotates.d.The wooden ball is replaced with a steel ball of mass 20 g. Describehow the angle θto which the ball rises will be affected. Justify your answer.CM 3A heavy ball of mass m is attached to a light but rigid rod of length L. The rod is pivoted at the top and is free to rotate in a circle in the plane of the page, as shown above.a.The mass oscillates to a maximum angle θ. On the picture of themass m below, draw a vector representing the direction of the NET force on the mass while it is at angle θ. Justify your choice of direction.b.Is the magnitude of the net force at the maximum displacement equalto mg sinθ or mg cosθ? Choose one and justify your choice.c.Derive an expression for the ball's potential energy U as a functionof the angle θ. Assume that a negative angle representsdisplacement from the vertical in the clockwise direction.d.On the axes below, sketch a graph of the mass's potential energyU as a function of the angle θfor angles between –90° and +360°.Label maximum and minimum values on the vertical axis.e.The pendulum is considered a classic example of simple harmonicmotion when it undergoes small-amplitude oscillation. Withspecific reference to the graph you made in part (d), explain why the assumption of simple harmonic motion is valid.。

2017ap物理c力学真题答案一、单项选择题【答案】a考点：电磁感应现象与电流的磁效应现象分辨a.我国水资源是有限的，所以水能是不可再生能源b.发光二极管主要就是由超导材料制成的c.试电笔在使用时，试电笔上的任何金属都不要接触，否则会有触电危险d.工业上采用超音波探伤仪能够检查出来金属零件内部的裂纹【答案】 d【解析】我国水资源是有限的，但水能是可再生能源，a选项不正确;发光二极管是由半导体材料制成的，b选项不正确;使用试电笔时不能接触笔尖金属体，必须接触笔尾金属体，这样才能形成通路，c选项不正确;故d选项正确，选填d考点：再生能源辨识;发光二极管材料;试电笔的采用;超声波应用领域。

a.使用红外线传输数字信号b.使用超声波传输数字信号c.采用光纤传输数字信号d.采用电磁波传输数字信号【答案】d一、单项选择题a.电路中的电阻变大，灯泡变亮b.电路中的电阻变大，灯泡变暗c.电路中的电阻变大，灯泡变暗d.电路中的电阻变大，灯泡变暗【答案】c【考点定位】滑动变阻器【答案】a【解析】电流表的正确使用方法是：与被测用电器串联;电流必须从电流表的正极流入，负极流出;所测量的电流不能超过电流表的量程;绝对不允许不经过用电器把电流表直接接在电源两极上;电压表的正确使用方法是：把它并联在用电器两端;必须让电流从正接线柱流入，从负接线柱流出(正接线柱与正极相连，负接线柱与负极相连);被测电压不能超过电压表所选的量程，否则会烧坏电压表. a、此图中是电流表，即串联在电路中，且正负接线柱是正确的，故a正确;b、此图中是电流表，相当于导线，所以此时将电流表并联，会发生短路，故b错误;c、此图中是电压表，应该并联在用电器两端，故c错误;d、此图中的电压表虽然并联在用电器两端，但正负接线柱接反了，故d错误;故选a.【考点定位】电流表的采用;电压表的采用a.电流表接电源b.电压表接电源c.导线接电源d.家用电器接电源【答案】b【考点定位】电路的连接a.l1、l2两端实际电压相同b.l1、l2电阻之比是25:38c.l1、l2的电流之比为25 :38d.通过调节电源电压，能使l1、l2同时正常工作【答案】b【解析】【考点定位】并联电路的特点a.电流表与的示数的比值将减小b.电压表的示数与电流表的示数的比值将增大c.电压表的示数与电流表示数的乘积将增大d.电流表与的示数的比值将减小【答案】a【解析】由电路图知道r1与r2并联，a测量干路部分的电流，当滑动变阻器的滑片p向右移动时，r1接入电路的电阻增加，电路总电阻增加，所以a与a2的示数减小，v与a1的示数不变。

ap物理c答案【篇一：ap物理c】ass=txt>牛顿力学、占整个physics c力学考试的100%其中：a.kinematics ：运动学占18%包括：矢量（ vectors）的概念：既有大小，又有方向；矢量代数（ vector algebra）：矢量和的三角形法则是必须熟练掌握的，最简单的记忆方法就是花萌萌面对两段直的折线路径（对应两段位移矢量之和），她会选择直接连接出发点和终点的直线捷径（等效的对应两个位移矢量和），这样构成了一个矢量和三角形。

矢量的加减，点乘和叉乘，是矢量分析的基础，是我们学习ap物理c的基本数学框架一定要熟练掌握。

矢量在直角坐标系中的分量（components of vectors,coordinate systems）,特别强调的是物理上只会用“右手系”，也就是从x轴到y轴的右手螺旋拇指指向z轴，这个和叉乘的定义是一样的，好记！有了ta，大家在学电磁学的时候就不用左右手的拧麻花了。

ap 物理c还需要掌握柱坐标和球坐标，这在需要柱对称和球对称的积分问题时，就很有用了。

运动学中要用到的三大矢量：位移、速度和加速度（displacement, velocity and acceleration)，特别要注意别把距离（或者叫路程distance），速率（speed）和前面的概念搞混了，后两个概念是标量，只有在一些特殊情况下才和对应矢量的模（大小）相等。

一维运动（motion in one dimension）：一维运动的矢量性就记住有正负的方向就行，对于一维匀加速直线运动，务必掌握其最重要的三个方程：第一求速度的公式，角标i（initial）和f（final）总是代表初和末，这个公式只要从匀加速度等于平均加速度的定义就可以得到：第二个求位移的公式：，这个公式可以理解为保持初速度的匀速运动位移和初速为零的匀加速运动位移之和（第二项在v-t图中是一个三角形面积，底为⊿t，高为a*⊿t）第三个公式是把前面两个公式消去变量⊿t，得：更方便的记忆方法是公式左边用牛顿第二定律f=ma，变成外力做功的形式：f⊿x, 左边多出来的2/m转到右边，右边就正好得到物体动能的变化。

AP physics C 2004 真题多项选择试题题目Questions 40-4136. Three 1/2 μF capacitors are connected in series as shown in the diagram above. Thecapacitance of the combination is (A) 0.1 μF (B) 1 μF (C) 2/3 μF(D) ? μF (E) 1/6 μF37. A hair dryer is rated as 1200 W, 120 V. Its effective internal resistance is(A) 0.1 Ω (B) A particle of charge +e and mass m moves with 10 Ω (C) 12Ω speed v perpendicular to a uniform magnetic field (D) 120 Ω (E) B directed into the page. The path of the particle is 1440 Ω a circl eof radius r, as shown above. 40. Which of the following correctly gives thedirection of motion and the equationrelating v and r ?Direction Equation(A) Clockwise eBr = mv 2 (B) Clockwise eBr = mv 38. A point charge+Q is inside an uncharged (C) Counterclockwise eBr = mv conducting spherical shell that in turn is near 2(D) Counterclockwise eBr = mv several isolated point charges, as shown above. 22(E) Counterclockwise eBr = mv The electric field at point P inside the shell depends on the magnitude of 41. The period of revolution of the particle (A) Q only is (B) the charge distribution on the sphere only (A) mr/eB (B) meB/(C) Q and the charge distribution on the sphere (D) all of the point charges (C) 2πm/eB (D) 2/,meB(E) all of the point charges a nd the charge (E)2/,mreBdistribution on the sphere 42. A 20 μF parallel-plate capacitor is fully charged to 30 39. In a certain region, the electric field along V. The energy stored in the capacitor is most nearly the x-axis is given by 3-3-4(A) 9 x 10 J (B) 9 x 10 J (C) 6 x 10 J 2E = ax + b, where a = 40 V/m -4-7(D) 2 x 10 J (E) 2 x 10 J and b = 4 V/m. The potentialdifference between the origin 43. A potential difference V is maintained between and x = 0.5 m is two large, parallel conducting plates. An (A) -36 V (B) -7 V (C) -3 V (D) 10 V electron starts from rest on the surface of one (E) 16 V plate and accelerates toward the other. Its speed as it reaches the second plate isproportional to(A) 1/V(B)1VV(C)(D) V 2(E) V44. A wire of radius R has a current I uniformly 48. Two conducting cylindrical wires are made outdistributed across its cross-sectional area. of the same material. Wire X has twice theAmpere's law is used with a concentric length and twice the diameter of wire Y. Whatcircular path of radius r, with r < R, to /R of their resistances?is the ratio Rxycalculate the magnitude of the magnetic (A) 1/4 (B) ? (C) 1 (D) 2 (E) 4field B at a distance r from the center of the wire. Which of the following equationsresults from a correct application ofAmpere's law to this situation? 22(A) B(2πr) = μI (B) B(2πr) =μI(r/R) 00(C) B(2πr) = 0 (D) B(2πR) = μI (E) B(2πR) 022= μI(r/R) 0Questions 45-4649. A solid metallic sphere of radius R has chargeQ uniformly distributed on its outer surface. Agraph of electric potential V as a function ofposition r is shown above. Which of thefollowing graphs best represents the magnitudeof the electric field E as a function of position r Particles of charge Q and -4Q are located on the for this sphere? x-axis as shown in the figure above. Assumethe particles are isolated from all other charges.45. Which of the following describes the directionof the electric field at point P ?(A) +x (B) +y (C)-y(D) Components in both the -x- and+y-directions(E) Components in both the+x- and -y-directions46. At which of the labeled points on the x-axis is the electric field zero?(A) A (B) B (C) C (D) D (E) E47. When the switch S is open in the circuitshown above, the reading on the ammeter Ais 2.0 A. When the switch is closed, thereading on the ammeter is(A) doubled(B) increased slightly but not doubled(C) the same(D) decreased slightly but not halved (E) halved50. Two parallel wires, each carrying a current I, repel each other with a force F. If bothcurrents are doubled, the force of repulsion is (A) 2F (B) F (C) 4F22(D) F (E) 8F 4251. A circular current-carrying loop lies so that the plane of the loop is perpendicular to a constant 54. A conducting loop of wire that is initially magnetic field of strength B. Suppose that the around a magnet is pulled away from the radius R of the loop could be made to increase magnet to the right, as indicated in the figure with time t so that R = at, where a is a constant. above, inducing a current in the loop. What is What is the magnitude of the emf that would be the direction of the force on the magnet and generated around the loop as a function of t ? 2the direction of the magnetic field at the (A) 2πBat(B) 2πBat (C) 2πBt 223center of the loop due to the (D) πBat (E) (π/3)Bat induced current? Direction ofMagnetic Field atDirection of Center of Loop dueForce on the Magnet to Induced Current(A) To the right To the right(B) To the right To the left(C) To the left To the right 52. The figures above show parts of two circuits, (D) To the left To the left(E) No direction; To the left each containing a battery of emf ε and internal the force is zero. resistance r. The current in each battery is 1 A, but the direction of the current in one battery is opposite to that in the other. If the potential differences across the batteries' terminals are 10 V and 20 V as shown, what are the valuesof ε and r ? 55. A square loop of wire carrying a current I is (A) ε = 5 V, r = 15 Ω initially in the plane of the page and is located in a uniform magnetic field B that points (B) ε =IOV, r=100 Ω toward the bottom of the page, as shown above. (C) ε = 15 V, r = 5 Ω Which of the following shows the correct initialrotati on of the loop due to the force exerted on (D) ε = 20 V, r = 10 Ωit by the magnetic field? (E) The values cannot be computed unless the complete circuits are shown.53. A charged particle can move withconstant velocity through a regioncontaining both an electric field and amagnetic field only if the(A) electric field is parallel to the magnetic field(B) electric field is perpendicular to the magnetic field(C) electric field is parallel to the velocity vector(D) magnetic field is parallel to the velocity vector(E) magnetic field is perpendicular to the velocity vectorQuestions 59-6156. In the circuit shown above, the equivalent The diagram above shows equipotential lines resistance of the three resistors is produced by an unknown charge distribution. A, (A) 10.5 Ω (B) 15Ω (C) 20 ΩB, C, D, and E are points in the plane. (D) 50 Ω (E) 115 Ω59. Which vector below best describes the direction Questions 57-58of the electric field at point A ?(A) (B) (C) (D)(E) None of these; the field is zero.60. At which point does the electric field havethe greatest magnitude? (A) A As shown in the figure above, six particles, each (B) B with charge +Q, are held fixed and ate equally(C) C spaced around the circumference of a circle of(D) D radius R.(E) E57. What is the magnitude of the resultantelectric field at the center of the circle? 61. How much net work must be done by anexternal force to move a -1 μC point charge 6Q(A) 0 (B) (C) from rest at point C to rest at point E ? 24,,R0(A) -20 μJ(B) -10 μJ 23Q32Q (D) 22(C) 10 μJ ,,,,4R4R00(D) 20 μJ 3Q(E) 30μJ (E) 2,,2R 058. With the six particles held fixed, how muchwork would be required to bring a seventhparticle of charge + Q from very far awayand place it at the center of the circle?23Q6Q(A) 0 (B) (C) 2,,,,24RR00229Q3Q(D) (E) ,,,,2R00R62. One of Maxwell's equations can be written 65. A physics problem starts: "A solid sphere hascharge distributed uniformly throughout. . . " d,as. This equation expresses ,,,Eds,It may be correctly concluded that the dt(A) electric field is zero everywhere inside the the fact that sphere (A) a changingmagnetic field produces (B) electric field inside the sphere is the same an electric field as the electric field outside (B) a changing electric field produces a (C) electric potential on the surface of the magnetic field sphere is not constant (C) the net magnetic flux through a (D) electric potential in the center of the sphere closed surface depends on the is zero current inside (E) sphere is not made of metal (D) the net electric flux through a closed surface depends on the charge inside Questions 66-67 relate to the circuit represented (E) electric charge is conserved below. The switch S, after being open for a long time, is then closed., ,12 V4 HS63. The plates of a parallel-plate capacitor of cross 66. What isthe current in the circuit after the sectional area A are separated by a distance d, switch has been closed a long time? as shown above. Between the plates is a (A) 0 A dielectric material of constant K. The plates are (B) 1.2 A connected in series with a variable resistance R (C) 2 A and a power supply of potential difference V. (D) 3 A The capacitance C of this capacitor will (E) 12 A increase if which of the following isdecreased? (A) A (B) R (C) K 67. What is the potential difference across the (D) d (E) V resistor immediately after the switch is closed? (A) 0 V(B) 2 V(C) 7.2 V(D) 8 V(E) 12 V68. A uniform spherical charge distribution hasradius R.. Which of the following is true of the electric field strength due to this charge 64. The currents in three parallel wires, X, Y, and Z, distribution at a distance r from the center of each have magnitude l and are in the directions the charge? shown above. Wire Y is closer to wire X than to (A) It is greatest when r = 0. wire Z. The magnetic force on wire Y is (B) It is greatest when r = R/2. (A) zero (B) into the page (C) out of the page (C) It is directly proportional to r when r > (D) toward the bottom of the page R. (E) toward the left (D) It is directly proportional to r when r < R. 2(E) It is directlyproportional to r.69. When a negatively charged rod is brought near, but does not touch, the initially uncharged electroscope shown above, the leaves spring apart (I). When the electroscope is then touched with a finger, the leaves collapse (II). When next the finger and finally the rod are removed, the leaves spring apart a second time (III). The charge on the leaves is(A) positive in both I and III(B) negative in both I and III(C) positive in I, negative in III(D) negative in I, positive in III(E) impossible to determine in either I or III70. A sheet of copper in the plane of the page is connected to a battery as shown above, causing electrons to drift through the copper toward the bottom of the page. The copper sheet is in a magnetic field B directed intothe page. P and P are points at the edges of 12the strip. Which of the following statements is true?(A) P is at a higher potential than P. 12(B) P is at a higher potential than P. 21(C) P and P are at equal positive potential. 12(D) P and P are at equal negative potential. 12(E) Current will cease to flow in the copper sheet.。

【AP物理C】【真题】解答题C2000AP? Physics C2000 Free response QuestionsThe mat erials included in these files are intended for use by AP teachers for course and exam preparation in the classroom; permission for any other use must be sought from the Advanced Placement Program?. Teachers may reproduce them, in whole or in part, in limited quantities, for face-to-face teaching purposes but may not mass distribute the materials, electronically or ot herwise. These mat erials and any copies made of t hem may not be resold, and the copyright notices must be retained as they appear here. This permission does not apply to any third-party copyrights contained herein.These materials were produced by Educational Testing Service? (ETS?), which develops and administers the examinations of the Advanced Placement Program for the College Board. The College Board and Educational Testing Service (ETS) are dedicated to the principle of equal opportunity, and their programs, services, and employment policies are guided by that principle.The College Board is a national nonprofit membershipassociation dedicated to preparing, inspiring, and connecting students to college and opportunity. Founded in 1900, the association iscomposed of more than 4,200 schools, colleges, universities, and other educational organizations. Each year, the College Board serves over three million students and their parents, 22,000 high schools, and 3, 500 colleges, through major programs and services in college admission, guidance, assessment, financial aid, enrollment, and teaching and learning・ Among its best-known programs are the SAT?, the PSAT/NMSQT?, and the Advanced Placement Program? (AP?). The College Board is committed to the principles of equity andexcellence, and that comm it men t is embodied in allof its programs, services, activities, and concerns.API EL is a trademark owned by the College Ent rance Examination Board・ PSAT/NMSQT is a registeted trademark jointly owned by the College Entrance Examination Board and the National Merit Scholarship Corporation. Educational Testing Service and ETS are registered trademarks of Educational Testing Service.Copyright ? 2000 by College Entrance Examination Board.All rights reserved.College Board, Advanced Placement Program, AP, SAT, and the acorn logo are registered trademarks of the College Entrance Examination Board.(2000 Ml) You are conducting an experiment to measure the acceleration due to gravity gu at an unknown location. In the measurement apparatus, a simple pendulum swings past a photogate located at the pendulum^ s lowest point, which records the time tlO for the pendulum to undergo 10 full oscillations. The pendulum consists of a sphere of mass m at the end of a st ring and has a leng th 1. There are four versions of this apparatus, each with a different length. All four are at the unknown location, and the data shown below are sent to you during the experiment.tio T T2 ? (s) (s) (s2) (cm) 12 18 21 32 a. For each pendulum, calculate the period T and the square of the period. Use a reasonable number of signifies nt figures. Enter these results in the table above.b.On the axes below, plot the square of the period versus the length of the pendulum. Draw a best-fit straight linefor this data. c. Assuming that each pendulum undergoessmall amplitude oscillations, from your fit determine the experimental value gexp of the acceleration due to gravity at this unknown location. Justify your answer.d.If the measurement apparatus allows a determination of gexp that is accurate to within 4%, is your experimentalvalue in agreement with the value m/s2 ? Justify your answer.e.Someone informs you that the experimental appara tus is in fac t neat Ear th's surface, but that the experiment hasbeen conducted inside an elevator with a constant acceleration a. Assuming that your experimental value g is exact, determine the magnitude and direction of the elevatoH s acceleration.Copyright ? 2000 by College Entrance Examination Board. All rights reserved.College Board, Advanced Placement Program, AP, SAT, and the acorn logo are registeted trademarks of the College Entrance Examination Board.2000M2. A rubber ball of mass m is dropped from a cliff. As the ball falls, it is subject to air drag (a resistiveforce caused by the air). The drag force on the ball has magnitude bv2, where b is a constant drag coefficient and v is the instantaneous speed of the ball. The drag coeff icie nt b is direc tly proportional to the cross-sectional area of the ball and the density of the air and does not depend on the mass of the ball. As the ball falls, its speed approaches a constant value called the terminal speed.a.On the figure below, draw and label all the forces on the ball at some instant before it reaches terminal speed.b.State whether the magnitude of the acceleration of the ball of mass m increases, decreases, or remains the sameas the ball approaches terminal speed. Explain.c.Write, but do NOT solve, a differential equation for the instantaneous speed v of the ball in terms of time t, thegiven quantities, and fundamentai constants.d.Det ermine the terminal speed vt in t erms of the given quantities and fundamental constants.e.Determine the energy dissipated by the drag force during the fall if the ball is released at height h and reachesits terminal speed before hitting the ground, in terms of the given quantities and fundamental constants.2000M3・ A pulley of radius R1 and rotational inertiaII is mounted on an axle with negligible friction. A light cord passing over the pulley has two blocks of mass m attached to either end, as shown above. Assume that the cord does not slip on the pulley. Det ermine the answers to parts (a) and (b) in t erms of m, Rl, II, and fundamental constants, a. Determine the tension T in the cord.b.One block is now removed from the right and hung on the left・ When the system is released from rest, the threeblocks on the left accelerate downward with an accelera tion g/3 • Det ermine the following, i. The tension T3 in the section of cord supporting the three blocks on the left ii. The tension T1 in the section of cord supporting the single block on the right iii. The rotational inertia II of the pulleyCopyright ? 2000 by College Entrance Examination Board. All rights reserved.College Board, Advanced Placement Program, AP, SAT, and the acorn logo are registered trademarks of the CollegeEntrance Examination Board.c.The blocks are now removed and the cord is tied into a loop, which is passed around the original pulley and asecond pulley of radius 2R1 and rotational inertia 1611. The axis of the original pulley is attached to a motor that rotates it at angular speed ?1, which in turn causes the larger pulley to rotate. The loop does not slip on the pulleys. Det ermine the following in terms of II, RI, and ?1. i. The angular speed ?2 of the larger pulleyii. The angular momentum L2 of the larger pulley iii. The totai kinetic energy of the system2000E1. Lightbulbs A, B, and C are connected in the circuit shown above.a.List the bulbs in order of t heir brigh tn ess, from brightest to least bright・ If any bulbs have the same brightness,state which ones. Justify your answer.Now a switch S and a mH indue tor are added to the circuit; as shown above. The switch is closed at time t二0・b.Det ermine the curre nts IA, IB, and IC for the following times. i. Immediately after the switch is closedii. A long time after the switch is closedCopyright ? 2000 by College Entrance Examination Board. All rights reserved.College Board, Advanced Placement Program, AP, SAT, and the acorn logo are registered trademarks of the College Entrance Examination Board.c.On the axes below, sketch the magnitude of the potential difference VL across the inductor as a function of time,from immediately after the switch is closed untila long time after the switch is closed.d.Now consider a similar circuit with an uncharged ?F capacitor instead of the induetor, as shown above. Theswitch is again closed at time t 二0・ On the axes below, sketch the magnitude of the potential difference Vcap across the capacitor as a function of time, from immediately after the switch is closed until a long time after the switch is closed.Copyright ? 2000 by College Entrance Examination Board. All rights reserved.College Board, Advanced Placement Program, AP, SAT, and the acorn logo are registered trademarks of the College Entrance Examination Board.2000E2・Three particles, A, B, and C, have equal positive charges Q and are held in place at the vertices of anequilater&l triangle with sides of length 1, as shown in the figures below. The dot ted lines represe nt the bisec tors for each side. The base of the t riangle lies on the x-axis, and the altitude of the triangle lies on the y-axis.a.i.Point Pl, the intersection of the three bisec to rs, loca tes the geometric center of the triangle and is one pointwhere the electrie field is zero. On Figure 1 above, draw the elec trie field vec tors EA, EB, and EC at P, due to each of the three charges. Be sure your arrows are drawn to reflect the relative magnitude of the fields・ii.Another poi nt where the elec trie field is zero ispoint P2 at (0, y2). On Figure 2 above, draw electrie field vectors EA, EB, and EC at P2 due to each of the three point charges. Indicate below whether the magnitude of each of these vectors is greater than, less than, or the same as for point Pl.EA EB EC Greater than at Pl Less than at Pl The same as at Pl b. Explain why the x-component of the total electric field is zero at any point on the y-axis.c.Write a general expression for the electrie potential V at any point on the y-axis inside the trianglein terms of Q,1, and y.d.Describe how the answer to part (c) could be used to determine the y-coordinates of points Pl and P2 at whichthe electric field is zero. (You do not need toactually determine these coordinates.)Copyright ? 2000 by College Entrance Examination Board. All rights reserved.College Board, Advanced Placement Program, AP, SAT, and the acorn logo are registered trademarks of the College Entrance Examination Board.2000E3. A capacitor consists of two conducting, coaxial, cylindrical shells of radius a and b, respec ti vely, and leng th L » b. The space bet ween the cylinders is filled with oil that has a dielectric constant K .Initially bothcylinders are uncharged, but then a battery is used to charge the capacitor, leaving a charge +Q on the inner cylinder and -Q on the outer cylinder, as shown above. Let r be the radial distance from the axis of the capacitor.ing Gauss，s 1aw, determine the electrie field midway along the length of the cylinder for the following valuesof r, in t erms of the given qua ntities and fundamental constants. Assume end effects are negligible. i.a b. Determine the following in terms of the givenquantities and fundamentai constants.i. The potential difference across the capacitor ii. The capacitance of this capacitorc.Now the capacitot is discharged and the oil is drained from it. As shown above, a battery of emf ? is connectedto opposite ends of the inner cylinder and a battery of emf 3? is connected to opposite ends of the outer cylinder. Each cylinder has resistance R. Assume that end effects and the contributions to the magnetic field from the wires are negligible. Using Ampere" s law, determine the magnitude Bof the magnetic field midway along the length of the cylinders due to the current in the cylinders for the following values of r. i. a Copyrigh t ? 2000 by College Ent rance Examina tion Board. All rights reserved.College Board, Advanced Placement Program, AP, SAT, and the acorn logo are registered trademarks of the College Entrance Examination Board.AP? Physics C2000 Free response QuestionsThe mat erials included in these files are intended for use by AP teachers for course and exam preparation in the classroom; permission for any other use must be sought from the Advanced Placement Program?. Teachers may reproduce them, in whole or in part, in limited quantities, for face-to-face teaching purposes but may not mass distribute the materials,electronically or otherwise. These mat erials and any copies made of t hem may not be resold, and the copyright notices must be retained as they appear here. This permission does not apply to any third-party copyrights contained herein.These materials were produced by Educational Testing Service? (ETS?), which develops and administers the examinations of the Advanced Placement Program for the College Board. The College Board and Education&l Testing Service (ETS) are dedicated to the principle of equal opportunity, and theirprograms, services, and employment policies are guided by that principle.The College Board is a national nonprofit membership association dedicated to preparing, inspiring, and connecting students to college and opportunity. Founded in 1900, the association iscomposed of more than 4,200 schools, colleges, universities, and other educational organizations. Each year, the College Board serves over three million students and their parents，22,000 high schools, and 3, 500 colleges, through major programs and services in college admission, guidance, assessment, financial aid, enrollment, and teaching andlearning・ Among its best-known programs are the SAT?, the PSAT/NMSQT?, and the Advanced Placement Program? (AP?). The College Board is committed to the principles of equity andexcellence, and that commitment is embodied in all of its programs, services, activities, and concerns.API EL is a trademark owned by the College Ent rance Examination Board・PSAT/NMSQT is a registeted trademark jointly owned by the College Entrance Examination Board and the National Merit Scholarship Corporation. Educational Testing Service and ETS are registered trademarks of Educational Testing Service.Copyright ? 2000 by College Entrance Examination Board. All rights reserved.College Board, Advanced Placement Program, AP, SAT, and the acorn logo are registered trademarks of the College Entrance Examination Board.(2000 Ml) You are conducting an experiment to measure the acceleration due to gravity gu at an unknown location. In the measurement apparatus, a simple pendulum swings past a photogate located at the pendulum^ s lowest point, which records the time tlO for the pendulum to undergo 10 fulloscillations. The pendulum consists of a sphere of mass m at the end of a st ring and has a length 1. There are four versions of this apparatus, each with a different length. All four are at the unknown location, and the data shown below are sent to you during the experiment.tio T T2 ? (s) (s) (s2) (cm) 12 18 21 32 a. For each pendulum, calculate the period T and the square of the period. Use a reasonable number of significant figures. Enter these results in the table above.b.On the axes below, plot the square of the period versus the length of the pendulum. Draw a best-fit straight linefor this data. c. Assuming that each pendulum undergoes small amplitude oscillations, from your fit determine the experimentai value gexp of the acceleration due to gravity at this unknown location. Justify your answer.d.If the measurement apparatus allows a determination of gexp that is accurate to within 4%, is your experimentalvalue in agreement with the value m/s2 ? Justify your answer.e.S omeone informs you that the experimental apparatus isin fact near Earth^ s surface, but that the experiment has been conducted inside an elevator with a constant acceleration a. Assuming that your experimentai value g is exact, determine the magnitude and direction of the elevatoH s acceleration.Copyright ? 2000 by College Entrance Examination Board. All rights reserved.College Board, Advanced Placement Program, AP, SAT, and the acorn logo are registered trademarks of the College Entrance Examination Board.2000M2. A rubber ball of mass m is dropped from a cliff. As the ball falls, it is subject to air drag (a resistive force caused by the air). The drag force on the ball has magnitude bv2, where b is a const&nt drag coefficient and v is the instantaneous speed of the ball. The drag coefficient b is directly proportional to the cross-sectional area of the ball and the density of the air and does not depend on the mass of the ball. As the ball falls, its speed approaches a constant value called the terminal speed.a.On the figure below, draw and label all the forces on the ball at some inst&nt before it reaches terminal speed.b.State whether the magnitude of theacceleration of the ball of mass m increases, decreases, or remains the sameas the ball approaches terminal speed. Explain.c.Write, but do NOT solve, a differential equation for the instantaneous speed v of the ball in terms of time t, thegiven quantities, and fundamentai constants.d・Determine the terminal speed vt in terms ofthe given quantities and fundamental constants.e. Determine the energy dissipated by the drag force during the fall if the ball is released at height h and reachesits terminal speed before hitting the ground, in terms of the given quantities and fundamental constants.2000M3・ A pulley of radius R1 and rotational inertiaII is mounted on an axle with negligible friction. A light cord passing over the pulley has two blocks of mass m attached to either end, as shown above. Assume that the cord does not slip on the pulley.Determine the answers to parts (a) and (b) in terms of m, Rl, II, and fundamental constants. a. Determine the tension T in the cord.b.One block is now removed from the right and hung on the left・ When the system is released from rest, the threeblocks on the left accelerate downward with an accelera tion g/3 • Det ermine the followin g, i. The tension T3 in the section of cord supporting the three blocks on the left ii. The tension T1 in the section of cord supporting the single block on the right iii. The rotation&l inertia II of the pulleyCopyright ? 2000 by College Entrance Examination Board. All rights reserved.College Board, Advanced Placement Program, AP, SAT, and the acorn logo are registered trademarks of the College Entrance Examination Board.c.The blocks are now removed and the cord is tied into a loop, which is passed around the original pulley and asecond pulley of radius 2R1 and rotational inertia 1611. The axis of the original pulley is attached to a motor that rotates it at angular speed ?1, which in turn causes the larger pulley to rotate. The loop does not slip on the pulleys.Det ermine the following in terms of II, RI, and ?1. i. The angular speed ?2 of the larger pulleyii. The angular momentum L2 of the larger pulley iii. The total kinetic energy of the system2000E1. Lightbulbs A, B, and C are connected in the circuit shown above.a.List the bulbs in order of t heir brigh tn ess, from brightest to least bright. If any bulbs have the same brightness,state which ones. Justify your answer.Now a switch S and a mH indue tor are added to the circuit; as shown above. The switch is closed at time t 二0.b.Det ermine the curre nts IA, IB, and IC for the following times. i. Immediately after the switch is closed ii. A long time after the switch is closedCopyright ? 2000 by College Entrance Examination Board. All rights reserved.College Board, Advanced Placement Program, AP, SAT, and the acorn logo are registered trademarks of the College Entrance Examination Board.c.On the axes below, sketch the magnitude of thepotenti&l difference VL across the inductor as a function of time,from immediately after the switch is closed unt订a long time after the switch is closed.d.Now consider a similar circuit with an uncharged ?F capacitor instead of the inductor, as shown above. Theswitch is again closed at time t = 0. On the axes below, sketch the magnitude of the potential difference Vcap across the capacitor as a function of time, from immediately after the switch is closed until a long time after the switch is closed.Copyright ? 2000 by College Entrance Examination Board. All rights reserved.College Board, Advanced Placement Program, AP, SAT,and the acorn logo are registered trademarks of theCollege Entrance Examination Board.。

选择题一个物体在水平面上做匀速直线运动，若突然撤去所有外力，物体将如何运动？A. 继续做匀速直线运动（正确答案）B. 逐渐减速至停止C. 开始做匀加速直线运动D. 做曲线运动下列哪个力是弹力？A. 重力B. 摩擦力C. 电磁力D. 弹簧的拉力（正确答案）一个物体在竖直上抛运动中，到达最高点时，它的速度为零，此时它的加速度是？A. 零B. 9.8 m/s²（正确答案）C. -9.8 m/s²D. 无法确定关于牛顿第三定律，下列说法正确的是？A. 作用力和反作用力大小相等，方向相同B. 作用力和反作用力作用在不同物体上（正确答案）C. 作用力和反作用力可以相互抵消D. 作用力先于反作用力产生一个物体在恒力作用下做匀加速直线运动，如果突然将力的大小减半，但方向不变，物体的运动状态将如何变化？A. 继续做匀加速直线运动，但加速度减小（正确答案）B. 开始做匀速直线运动C. 开始做匀减速直线运动D. 做曲线运动下列哪个选项描述了动量守恒定律的适用条件？A. 系统不受外力作用或所受合外力为零（正确答案）B. 系统内各物体速度必须相同C. 系统内各物体加速度必须相同D. 系统内各物体质量必须相等一个物体在光滑的水平面上受到一个水平恒力的作用，它将做何种运动？A. 匀速直线运动B. 匀加速直线运动（正确答案）C. 匀减速直线运动D. 曲线运动关于冲量，下列说法正确的是？A. 冲量是矢量，方向与力的方向相同（正确答案）B. 冲量是标量，只有大小没有方向C. 冲量的大小等于力与时间的乘积，方向与速度方向相同D. 冲量的大小等于力与位移的乘积一个物体在竖直方向上受到重力和空气阻力的作用，下落过程中它的加速度将如何变化？A. 保持不变B. 逐渐增大C. 逐渐减小（正确答案，假设空气阻力随速度增大而增大）D. 先增大后减小。

AP® Physics C1993 Free response QuestionsThese materials were produced by Educational Testing Service® (ETS®), which develops and administers the examinations of the Advanced Placement Program for the College Board. The College Board and Educational Testing Service (ETS) are dedicated to the principle of equal opportunity, and theirprograms, services, and employment policies are guided by that principle.The College Board is a national nonprofit membership association dedicated to preparing, inspiring, and connecting students to college and opportunity.Founded in 1900, the association is composed of more than 4,200 schools, colleges, universities, and other educational organizations. Each year, the College Board serves over three million students and their parents, 22,000 high schools, and 3,500 colleges, through major programs and services in college admission, guidance, assessment, financial aid, enrollment, and teaching and learning. Among its best-known programs are the SAT®, the PSAT/NMSQT®, and the Advanced Placement Program® (AP®). The College Board is committed to the principles of equity andexcellence, and that commitment is embodied in all of its programs, services, activities, and concerns.APIEL is a trademark owned by the College Entrance Examination Board. PSAT/NMSQT is a registered trademark jointly owned by the College Entrance Examination Board and the National Merit Scholarship Corporation. Educational Testing Service and ETS are registered trademarks of Educational TestingService.1993M1. A massless spring with force constant k = 400 newtons per meter is fastened at its left end to a vertical wall, as shown in Figure 1. Initially, block C (mass m c = 4.0 kilograms) and block D (mass m D = 2.0 kilograms) rest on a horizontal surface with block C in contact with the spring (but not compressing it) and with block D in contact with block C. Block C is then moved to the left, compressing the spring a distance of 0.50 meter, and held in place while block D remains at rest as shown in Figure 11. (Use g = 10 m/s2.)a. Determine the elastic energy stored in the compressed spring.Block C is then released and accelerates to the right, toward block D. The surface is rough and the coefficient of friction between each block and the surface is = 0.4. The two blocks collide instantaneously, stick together, and move to the right. Remember that the spring is not attached to block C. Determine each of the following.b. The speed v c of block C just before it collides with block Dc. The speed v f blocks C and D just after they collided. The horizontal distance the blocks move before coming to rest1993M2. A car of mass m, initially at rest at time t = 0, is driven to the right, as shown above,along a straight, horizontal road with the engine causing a constant force F o to be applied. While moving, the car encounters a resistance force equal to -kv, where v is the velocity of the car and k is a positive constant.a. The dot below represents the center of mass of the car. On this figure, draw and label vectors torepresent all the forces acting on the car as it moves with a velocity v to the right.b. Determine the horizontal acceleration of the car in terms of k, v,F o, and m.c. Derive the equation expressing the velocity of the car as a function of time t in terms of k, F o,and m.d. Sketch a graph of the car's velocity v as a function of time t. Label important values on thevertical axis.e. Sketch a graph of the car's acceleration a as a function of time t. Label important values on thevertical axis.1993M3. A long, uniform rod of mass M and length l is supported at the left end by ahorizontal axis into the page and perpendicular to the rod, as shown above. The right end isconnected to the ceiling by a thin vertical thread so that the rod is horizontal. The moment ofinertia of the rod about the axis at the end of the rod is Ml2/3. Express the answers to all partsof this question in terms of M, l, and g.a. Determine the magnitude and direction of the force exerted on the rod by the axis.The thread is then burned by a match. For the time immediately after the thread breaks, determine each of the following:b. The angular acceleration of the rod about the axisc. The translational acceleration of the center of mass of the rodd. The force exerted on the end of the rod by the axisThe rod rotates about the axis and swings down from the horizontal position.e. Determine the angular velocity of the rod as a function of , the arbitrary angle through which therod has swung.1993E1. The solid nonconducting cylinder of radius R shown above is very long. It contains a negative charge evenly distributed throughout the cylinder, with volume charge density ρ. Point P1 is outside the cylinder at a distance r1 from its center C and point P2 is inside the cylinder at a distance r2 from its center C. Both points are in the same plane, which is perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder.a. On the following cross-sectional diagram, draw vectors to indicate the directions of the electricfield at points P1 and P2.b. Using Gauss's law, derive expressions for the magnitude of the electric field E in terms of r, R. ρ,andfundamental constants for the following two cases.i. r > R(outside the cylinder)ii. r < R (inside the cylinder)Another cylinder of the same dimensions, but made of conducting material, carries a total current I parallel to the length of the cylinder, as shown in the diagram above. The current density is uniform throughout the cross-sectional area of the cylinder. Points P1 and P2 are in the same positions with respect to the cylinder as they were for the nonconducting cylinder.c. On the following cross-sectional diagram in which the current is out of the plane of the page(toward the reader), draw vectors to indicate the directions of the magnetic field at points P1 and P2.d. Use Ampere's law to derive an expression for the magnetic field B inside the cylinder interms of r, R, I, and fundamental constants.1993E2. A rectangular loop of copper wire of resistance R has width a and length b . The loop is stationary in a constant, uniform magnetic field B o, directed into the page as shown above.a. i. What is the net magnetic flux through the loop of wire?ii. What is the induced emf in the loop of wire?iii. What is the net magnetic force on the loop of wire?Suppose instead that the uniform magnetic field varies with time t according to the relationshipB = B o cos(ωt), where ω, and B o are positive constants and B is positive when the field is directed into the page.b. Indicate on the diagram below the direction of the induced current in the loop when ωt = π/2, afterthe magnetic field begins to oscillate.c. i. Derive the expression for the magnitude of the induced current in the loop as a function of time interms of a, b, B o, R, t, and fundamental constants.ii. On the axes below, sketch a graph of the induced current I versus ωt, taking clockwise current to be positive.d. State explicitly the maximum value of the current I.1993E3. A mass spectrometer, constructed as shown in the diagram above, is to be used for determining the mass of singly ionized positively charged ions. There is a uniform magnetic field B = 0.20 tesla perpendicular to the page in the shaded region of the diagram. A potential difference V = 1,500 volts is applied across the parallel plates L and K, which are separated by a distance d = 0.012 meter and which act as a velocity selector.a. In which direction, relative to the coordinate system shown above on the right, should the magneticfield point in order for positive ions to move along the path shown by the dashed line in the diagram above?b. Should plate K have a positive or negative voltage polarity with respect to plate L ?c. Calculate the magnitude of the electric field between the plates.d. Calculate the speed of a particle that can pass between the parallel plates without being deflected.e. Calculate the mass of a hypothetical singly charged ion that travels in a semicircle of radius R = 0.50meter.f. A doubly ionized positive ion of the same mass and velocity as the singly charged ion enters the massspectrometer. What is the radius of its path?。

AP物理C⼒学模拟卷MultipleChoiceQuestionsMultiple Choice QuestionsTime: 45 minutes. You may refer to the Constants sheet. However, you may not use the Equations sheet, and you may not use a calculator on this portion of the exam.1. A cannon is mounted on a truck that moves forward at a speed of 5m/s. The operator wants to launch a ball from a cannon so the ball goes as far as possible before hitting the level surface. The muzzle velocity of the cannon is 50 m/s. What angle from the horizontal should the operator point the cannon?A.5°B.41°C.45°D.49°E.85°2. A car moving with speed v reaches the foot of an incline of angleθ. The car coasts up the incline without using the engine.Neglecting friction and air resistance, which of the following is correct about the magnitude of the car's horizontal acceleration aand vertical acceleration a y?xA.a x = 0; a y < gB.a x = 0; a y = gC.a x < g ; a y < gD.a x < g ; a y = gE.a x < g ; a y > g3. A bicycle slows down with an acceleration whose magnitude increaseslinearly with time. Which of the following velocity–time graphs could represent the motion of the bicycle?4. A cart is sliding down a low friction incline. A device on the cartlaunches a ball, forcing the ball perpendicular to the incline, as shown above. Air resistance is negligible. Where will the ball land relative to the cart, and why?A.The ball will land in front of the cart, because the ball'sacceleration component parallel to the plane is greater thanthe cart's acceleration component parallel to the plane.B.The ball will land in front of the cart, because the ball hasa greater magnitude of acceleration than the cart.C.The ball will land in the cart, because both the ball and thecart have the same component of acceleration parallel to theplane.D.The ball will land in the cart, because both the ball and thecart have the same magnitude of acceleration.E.The ball will land behind the cart, because the ball slowsdown in the horizontal direction after it leaves the cart.5.The quantity "jerk," j, is defined as the time derivative of anobject's acceleration,What is the physical meaning of the area under a graph of jerk vs.time?A.The area represents the object's acceleration.B.The area represents the object's change in acceleration.C.The area represents the object's change in velocity.D.The area represents the object's velocity.E.The area represents the object's change in position.6. A particle moves along the x-axis with a position given by theequation x(t) = 5 + 3t, where x is in meters, and t is in seconds.The positive direction is east. Which of the following statements about the particle is FALSE.0.The particle is east of the origin at t = 0.1.The particle is at rest at t = 0.2.The particle's velocity is constant.3.The particle's acceleration is constant.4.The particle will never be west of position x = 0.7. A mass hangs from two ropes at unequal angles, as shown above. Whichof the following makes correct comparisons of the horizontal and vertical components of the tension in each rope?8.The force of air resistance F on a mass is found to obey the equationF = bv2, where v is the speed of the mass, for the range of speedsinvestigated in an experiment. A graph of F N vs. v2 is shown above.What is the value of b?.0.83 kg/mA. 1.7 kg/mB. 3.0 kg/mC. 5.0 kg/mD. 1.0 kg/mE.zero9. A box sits on an inclined plane without sliding. As the angle ofthe plane (measured from the horizontal) increases, the normal force.increases linearlyA.decreases linearlyB.does not changeC.decreases nonlinearlyD.increases nonlinearly10.Which of the following conditions are necessary for an object tobe in static equilibrium?.The vector sum of all torques on the object must equal zero.I.The vector sum of all forces on the object must equal zero.II.The sum of the object's potential and kinetic energies must be zero.C.I onlyD.II onlyE.III onlyF.I and II onlyG.I, II, and III11.A student pushes a big 16-kg box across the floor at constant speed.He pushes with a for ce of 50 N angled 35° from the horizontal, as shown in the diagram above. If the student pulls rather than pushes the box at the same angle, while maintaining a constant speed, what will happen to the force of friction?.It must increase.A.It must decrease.B.It must remain the same.C.It will increase only if the speed is greater than 3.1 m/s.D.It will increase only if the speed is less than 3.1 m/s.12.Consider a system consisting only of the Earth and a bowling ball,which moves upward in a parabola above Earth's surface. The downward force of Earth's gravity on the ball, and the upward force of the ball's gravity on the Earth, form a Newton's third law force pair.Which of the following statements about the ball is correct?.The ball must be in equilibrium since the upward forces must cancel downward forces.A.The ball accelerates toward the Earth because the force ofgravity on the ball is greater than the force of the ball onthe Earth.B.The ball accelerates toward the Earth because the force ofgravity on the ball is the only force acting on the ball.C.The ball accelerates away from Earth because the forcecausing the ball to move upward is greater than the force ofgravity on the ball.D.The ball accelerates away from Earth because the forcecausing the ball to move upward plus the force of the ballon the Earth are together greater than the force of gravityon the ball.13.A mass m is attached to a mass 3m by a rigid bar of negligible massand length L. Initially, the smaller mass is located directly above the larger mass, as shown above. How much work is necessary to flip the rod 180° so that the lar ger mass is directly above the smaller mass?.4mgLA.2mgLB.mgLC.4pmgLD.2pmgL14.A ball rolls horizontally with speed v off of a table a height habove the ground. Just before the ball hits the ground, what is its speed?.A.B.C.vD.15.A pendulum is launched into simple harmonic motion in two differentways, as shown above, from a point that is a height h above its lowest point. During both launches, the bob is given an initial speed of3.0 m/s. On the first launch, the initial velocity of the bob isdirected upward along the pendulum's path, and on the second launch it is directed downward along the pendulum's path. Which launch will cause the pendulum to swing with the larger amplitude?.the first launchA.the second launchB.Both launches produce the same amplitude.C.The answer depends on the initial height h.D.The answer depends on the length of the supporting rope.16.The mass M is moving to the right with velocity v0 at position x= x0. Neglect friction. The spring has force constant k. What is the total mechanical energy of the block at this position?17.A sphere, a cube, and a cylinder, all of equal mass, are releasedfrom rest from the top of a short incline. The surface of the incline is extremely slick, so much so that the objects do not rotate when released, but rather slide with negligible friction. Which reaches the base of the incline first?.the sphereA.the cubeB.the cylinderC.All reach the base at the same time.D.The answer depends on the relative sizes of the objects.18.Block B is at rest on a smooth tabletop. It is attached to a longspring, which is in turn anchored to the wall. Block A slides toward and collides with block B. Consider two possible collisions: Collision I: Block A bounces back off of block B.Collision II: Block A sticks to block B.Which of the following is correct about the speed of block Bimmediately after the collision?.It is faster in case II than in case I ONLY if block B is heavier.A.It is faster in case I than in case II ONLY if block B isheavier.B.It is faster in case II than in case I regardless of the massof each block.C.It is faster in case I than in case II regardless of the massof each block.D.It is the same in either case regardless of the mass of eachblock.19.A 0.30-kg bird is flying from right to left at 30 m/s. The birdcollides with and sticks to a 0.50-kg ball which is moving straight up with speed 6.0 m/s. What is the magnitude of the momentum of the ball/bird combination immediately after collision?.12.0 N?sA.9.5 N?sB.9.0 N?sC. 6.0 N?sD. 3.0 N?s20.The force F on a mass is shown above as a function of time t. Whichof the following methods can be used to determine the impulse experienced by the mass?.multiplying the average force by t maxI.calculating the area under the line on the graphII.taking the integralC.II onlyD.III onlyE.II and III onlyF.I and II onlyG.I, II, and III21.A projectile is launched on level ground in a parabolic path so thatits range would normally be 500 m. When the projectile is at the peak of its flight, the projectile breaks into two pieces of equal mass. One of these pieces falls straight down, with no further horizontal motion. How far away from the launch point does the other piece land?.250 mA.375 mB.500 mC.750 mD.1000 mQuestions 22 and 23A rigid rod of length L and mass M is floating at rest in space farfrom a gravitational field. A small blob of putty of mass m < M is moving to the right, as shown above. The putty hits and sticks to the rod a distance 2L/3 from the top end.22.How will the rod/putty contraption move after the collision?.The contraption will have no translational motion, but will rotate about the rod's center of mass.A.The contraption will have no translational motion, but willrotate about the center of mass of the rod and putty combined.B.The contraption will move to the right and rotate about theposition of the putty.C.The contraption will move to the right and rotate about thecenter of mass of the rod and putty combined.D.The contraption will move to the right and rotate about therod's center of mass.23.What quantities are conserved in this collision?.linear and angular momentum, but not kinetic energyA.linear momentum onlyB.angular momentum onlyC.linear and angular momentum, and linear but not rotationalkinetic energyD.linear and angular momentum, and linear and rotationalkinetic energy24.A car rounds a banked curve of uniform radius. Three forces act onthe car: a friction force between the tires and the road, the normal force from the road, and the weight of the car. Which provides the centripetal force which keeps the car in circular motion?.the friction force aloneA.the normal force aloneB.the weight aloneC. a combination of the normal force and the friction forceD. a combination of the friction force and the weight25.A ball of mass m anchored to a string swings back and forth to amaximum position A, as shown above. Point C is partway back to the vertical position. What is the direction of the mass's acceleration at point C?.along the mass's path toward point BA.toward the anchorB.away from the anchorC.between a line toward the anchor and a line along the mass'spathD.along the mass's path toward point A26.In a carnival ride, people of mass m are whirled in a horizontalcircle by a floorless cylindrical room of radius r, as shown in the diagram above. If the coefficient of friction between the people and the tube surface is µ, what minimum speed is necessary to keep the people from sliding down the walls?Questions 27 and 28The uniform, rigid rod of mass m, length L, and rotational inertiaI shown above is pivoted at its left-hand end. The rod is released from rest from a horizontal position.27.What is the linear acceleration of the rod's center of mass the moment after the rod is released?28.What is the linear speed of the rod's center of mass when the mass passes through a vertical position?29.The 1.0-m-long non-uniform plank, shown above, has weight 1000 N.It is to be supported by two rods, A and B, as shown above. The center of mass of the plank is 30 cm from the right edge. Each support bears half the weight of the plank. If support B is 10 cm from the right-hand edge, how far from the left-hand edge should support A be?.0 cmA.10 cmB.30 cmC.50 cmD.70 cm30.A mass m on a spring oscillates on a horizontal surface with periodT. The total mechanical energy contained in this oscillation is E.Imagine that instead a new mass 4m oscillates on the same springwith the same amplitude. What is the new period and total mechanical energy?31.A mass m is attached to a horizontal spring of spring constant k.The spring oscillates in simple harmonic motion with amplitude A.What is the maximum speed of this simple harmonic oscillator?32.An empty bottle goes up and down on the surface of the ocean, obeyingthe position function x= Acos(t). How much time does this bottle take to travel once from its lowest position to its highestposition?33.The Space Shuttle orbits 300 km above the Earth's surface; theEarth's radius is 6400 km. What is the acceleration due to Earth's gravity experienced by the Space Shuttle?. 4.9 m/s2A.8.9 m/s2B.9.8 m/s2C.0.8 m/s2D.zero34.An artificial satellite orbits Earth just above the atmosphere ina circle with constant speed. A small meteor collides with thesatellite at point P in its orbit, increasing its speed by 1%, but not changing the instantaneous direction of the satellite's velocity. Which of the following describes the satellite's new orbit?.The satellite now orbits in an ellipse, with P as the farthest approach to Earth.A.The satellite now orbits in an ellipse, with P as the closestapproach to Earth.B.The satellite now orbits in a circle of larger radius.C.The satellite now orbits in a circle of smaller radius.D.The satellite cannot maintain an orbit, so it flies off intospace.35.Mercury orbits the sun in about one-fifth of an Earth year. If 1AU is defined as the distance from the Earth to the sun, what is the approximate distance between Mercury and the sun? .(1/25) AUA.(1/9) AUB.(1/5) AUC.(1/3) AUD.(1/2) AU。