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《金融英语阅读》教学内容与安排本课程总体分为六大专题，每个专题都有数篇文章可用。
1: Banking IndustryChapter 1, 6, 7, 9, 20, 22, 232: Economics / moneyChapter 2, 3, 4, 5, 15, 19, 25, 26, 32, 36SystemInvestment3:Chapter 10, 13, 21, 29, 31,334:AccountingChapter 12, 24, 34, 37, 38Law5:Chapter 11, 18Others6:Chapter 16, 17, 35, 8, 14, 27, 28, 30因一学期18周总共为36课时，理想的做法是选用12课用于课堂教学，其他课程由学生课后自学，每课需要3课时。
有些准备工作和活动要求学生在课前或课下进行，以提高课堂教学效率。
所选的12课为：1、6、9、23、2、3、15、19、10、13、12、11。
时间具体安排如下：第1-2周：第1章使用课文：The Banking Industry in China第2-3周：第6章使用课文：The World Bank第4-5周：第9章使用课文：the Financial System第5-6周：第23 章使用课文：International Monetary Fund第7-8周：第2章使用课文：Politics vs. Economics第8-9周：第3章使用课文：Money第10-11周：第15章使用课文：The Macroeconomics of International Currencies第11-12周：第19章使用课文：Bretton Woods and the Gold Exchange Standard第13-14周：第10章使用课文：Assessing Investment System第14-15周：第13章使用课文：Investment Products and Services Provided by Insurers第16-17周：第12章使用课文：Pooling of Interests Accounting第17-18周：第11章使用课文：Invitation for Bids教学大纲Topic One: Banking Industry第一章The Banking Industry in China1、教学目的By the end of the chapter, students should be able to know about¾the development of the banking industry in China¾the structure of the central banking system¾the major tasks of the three policy banks in China.2、教学计划This chapter will cover 3 hours. 2 hours for the introduction of background information and explanations of terms and the texts. And the other 1 hour for discussion and practice.3、教学方法¾Translation: key sentences and terms¾Paraphrasing: major words and sentences¾Summarizing: important paragraphs¾Discussion: key issues¾Questions and answers4、背景知识The establishment of the People’s Bank of China in 1948 marked the beginning of a new chapter in the Chinese banking history. Through five decades of evolution, particularly nearly two decades of reform and opening to the outside world, China’s banking sector has entered a stage of vigorous development. With PBC as the central bank, the current banking system in China consists mainly of wholly state-owned commercial banks, which coexist and cooperate with policy banks and joint-equity commercial banks operation in their respective authorized business domains.5、重点讲解概念讲解PBCAll in one monopolistic banking systemSpecialized bankCentral bankForeign exchange reservesFiscal agentAggregate creditMonetary baseBenchmark interest rateFiscal deficitLending facilitiesPriority constructionFixed-asset investmentCommodity reservesSubsidiary第六章The World Bank1．教学目的By the end of the chapter, students should be able to know about:¾the composition of the World Bank Group;¾the importance of the World Bank Group;¾the functions of the World Bank;¾the future development of the World Bank.2．教学计划It is scheduled to take 3 hours to handle this chapter. 2 hours will be spent on explanation of the key words, phrases sentences and the features of the text, and 1 hour for class discussion and questions and answers.3．教学方法¾Translation: key sentences.¾Paraphrasing: key words and expressions.¾Explanation: new terms.¾Summarizing: key passages.¾Discussion: important issues.¾Questions and answers: interaction between teachers and students.4．背景知识The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, usually referred to as the World Bank, was founded by the Bretton Woods Conference as an international bank to finance thereconstruction and development of member countries. Operations started in 1946. The bank is financed partly by contributions paid by member countries, partly by bond issues.5．重点讲解概念讲解hard loansubscribed capitalcompetitive biddingcredit linegrace perioddisbursed loan balances句子讲解1．Visions of imperialism, real or imagined, are less likely if the lender/donor is multinational or international.译文：无论从实际或假想的角度，一国专制的情形都不大可能出现。
课程名称：《金融英语》课程性质：选修学分课时：2学分；36学时主讲教师：沈素萍所属院系：英语学院商务英语系教学对象：全校2005级本科生考核方式：平时作业占20%、期中考试占20%、期末考试占60%。
出勤要求：学生缺勤不得高于该门课程总课时的五分之一。
教师可根据考勤情况决定是否允许该学生参加考试，是否扣分。
教学方法：全英文授课，以课堂讲授为主，结合课堂讨论、提问、报告以及作业等方式。
参考教材：《金融英语阅读教程》沈素萍编金融出版社 2000年7月参考书目：Modern Banking Practices, Second Edition, 2002，China FinancePublishing HouseBanking Certificate Economics, Fourth Edition，2000，Hong KongInstitute of BankersHong Kong Banking System and Practice,Fourth Edition，2000，(HongKong Institute of Bankers黄达，1998年，《货币银行学》《中国金融展望》，中国金融出版社等。
ENG358【金融英语】课时：36 学分：2【英文名称】Reading in English for Finance本课程是面向全校开设的一门选修课程。
本课程通过总结介绍金融文章的内容特点和文字特点旨在帮助学生在现有的英语和有关金融理论与实务知识的基础上，通过阅读金融英语文章，培养并提高他们对这类文章的理解和分析问题的能力，同时扩大和深化其语言和专业知识，锻炼理论联系实际的思维能力。
先修课程（或准备知识）：大学英语（1—4）、经济学（微、宏观）、政治经济学原理、货币银行学原理、国际金融学等参考教材：《金融英语阅读教程》沈素萍编金融出版社 2000年7月第一章The Banking Industry in China1、教学目的By the end of the chapter, students should be able to know about➢the development of the banking industry in China➢the structure of the central banking system➢the major tasks of the three policy banks in China.2、教学计划This chapter will cover 4 hours. 2.5 hours for the introduction of background information and explanations of terms and the texts. And the other 1.5 hours for discussion and practice.3、教学方法➢Translation: key sentences and terms➢Paraphrasing: major words and sentences➢Summarizing: important paragraphs➢Discussion: key issues➢Questions and answers4、背景知识The establishment of the People’s Bank of China in 1948 marked the beginning of a new chapter in the Chinese banking history. Through five decades of evolution, particularly nearly two decades of reform and opening to the outside world, China’s banking sector has entered a stage of vigorous development. With PBC as the central bank, the current banking system in China consists mainly of wholly state-owned commercial banks, which coexist and cooperate with policy banks and joint-equity commercial banks operation in their respective authorized business domains.5、重点讲解概念讲解PBCAll in one monopolistic banking systemSpecialized bankCentral bankForeign exchange reservesFiscal agentAggregate creditMonetary baseBenchmark interest rateFiscal deficitLending facilitiesPriority constructionFixed-asset investmentCommodity reservesSubsidiary第三章The Financial System1．教学目的By the end of the chapter, students should be able to know about:➢the function of the financial system;➢the participants in the financial system;➢the financial intermediaries and their respective functions.2．教学计划As the chapter covers many aspects of financial system, teachers should spend comparatively more time on it. It will take 4 to 5 hours to deal with this chapter. 3 or 4 hours will be for explanation of the text, and 1 or 2 hours will be for questions and discussions.3．教学方法➢Translation: key sentences.➢Paraphrasing: key words and expressions.➢Explanation: new terms.➢Summarizing: key passages.➢Discussion: important issues.➢Questions and answers: interaction between teachers and students.4．背景知识Everyone has some contact with the financial system. Banks, building societies and insurance companies provide in their respective way for some of our everyday needs, such as payment facilities through bank, convenient savings and access to home loans from building societies, and car, house, or life insurance.5．重点讲解概念讲解payment facilitiesdiscount houseinvestment trustventure capitalcredit facilitiesmarket makerderivative instrumentliquidityequity assetmaturity句子讲解1．Satisfactory payments facilities are something which we are inclined nowadays to take for granted, but productive economic activity is dependent on their existence, and indeed on traders having reasonable access to short-term credit facilities.译文：今天我们想当然地乐于接受某种东西作为令人满意的支付工具，但经济生产活动正是依赖于它们的存在，更依赖于商人们拥有获得短期信贷工具的合理途径。
《金融英语阅读》课程建设报告对外经济贸易大学英语学院商务英语系开设的《金融英语阅读》课程，为专业基础课，是面向全校本科生的课程。
采用全英文授课，以课堂讲授为主，结合课堂讨论、提问、报告以及作业等方式进行教学。
金融英语作为专门用途英语（ESP）的一个新的分支，其课程的设置及教学的方法近些年来有着其独特的发展轨迹。
伴随着大学金融专业课程的开设，其在近十年的发展过程中在学科建设上占有十分重要的地位。
该课程独辟蹊径、与时俱进，倡导厚积薄发、具有鲜明的特色，因此在学科建设上占据了绝对优势。
作为一门专业基础语言课程，《金融英语阅读》无论从知识、语言或教法上都适应了时代的发展和社会的需要，具有基础性、时代性、实用性和复合性。
一、 课程开设的历史背景及社会价值《金融英语阅读》课程源于上个世纪90年代后期，是原中国金融学院外语系的最主要的特色课程。
20世纪90年代初，我国开始探索性地建立有中国特色社会主义的市场经济体系，经过近10年的不懈努力，在实践中初步建立了市场化的经济制度，并由此带动了理论上的发展。
与此同时，经济制度的转变必然导致金融领域的革新，在90年代后期，对于金融体制的改革随之呼之欲出、应运而生。
为了配合当时的经济及金融改革，培养一批精通外语的高级金融人才，沈素萍教授等教师开始酝酿在全国首开一门能够适应当下改革需求的金融英语课程。
为了详细、具体地了解开设该课程的科学价值，从1997年起，本课程主持人沈素萍教授作了详尽的调查，走访了一些学生以了解在完成普通英语（EGP）两年课程之后是否能够直接进入专业教师用英语讲授专业课阶段的学习。
从原中国金融学院1997级学生由外教讲授的中央银行学课程来看，其结果是课程未上完，学生能坚持听课者所剩无几，学生在EGP(English for General Purpose)阶段未接触任何专业英语词汇，所以在听外教的专业课时，他们既听不懂英语又学不懂专业。
这样，由于对英语语言掌握的缺陷影响了学生对专业课的理解。
金融英语听说 Unit 6: International Settlement OverviewIn the world of international finance, the process of settling transactions between entities in different countries is known as international settlement. This involves the transfer of funds, securities, and other financial instruments to ensure the completion of a transaction. International settlement plays a crucial role in facilitating global trade and investment, as well as promoting financial stability.In this unit, we will explore the key concepts and practices related to international settlement in the field of finance. We will examine the various methods and instruments used in international settlements, as well as the roles of different entities involved in the process. Through this unit, you will gain a deeper understanding of the complexities and importance of international settlement in the global financial system.Key Concepts1. Foreign Exchange MarketThe foreign exchange market is where the currencies of different countries are bought and sold. It is a crucial component of international settlement, as currency exchange plays a vital role in facilitating cross-border transactions. Understanding the dynamics of the foreign exchange market is essential for effective international settlement.2. Payment SystemsPayment systems are the infrastructure that enables the transfer of funds between parties involved in international settlements. These systems ensure the secure and efficient movement of money across borders. Some commonly used payment systems include SWIFT (Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication) and CHIPS (Clearing House Interbank Payments System).3. Letter of CreditA letter of credit is a financial instrument issued by a bank on behalf of a buyer. It guarantees payment to the seller upon the completion of certain conditions. Letters of credit provide security and assurance to exporters, allowing them to mitigate the risk of non-payment.4. Documentary CollectionDocumentary collection is another method used in international settlement. It involves the use of documents, usually handled by banks, to ensure the transfer of goods and payment between buyers and sellers. In documentary collection, the documents are sent through the banking system, and the payment is released once the conditions are met.5. International Trade FinanceInternational trade finance refers to the financial activities and instruments used to facilitate international trade. This includes methods like factoring, export credit, and trade insurance. Understanding the various aspects of internationaltrade finance is essential for successful international settlement.Roles and ResponsibilitiesIn addition to understanding the key concepts, it is important to be familiar with the roles and responsibilities of the entities involved in international settlement. These include:1. BanksBanks play a crucial role in international settlement. They act as intermediaries between buyers and sellers, facilitating the transfer of funds and ensuring the completion of transactions. Banks also provide various financial instruments and services, such as letters of credit and documentary collections.2. Importers and ExportersImporters and exporters are the parties involved in cross-border transactions. Importers are the buyers who purchase goods or services from another country, while exporters are the sellers who supply these goods or services. Both importers and exporters are responsible for complying with the requirements and conditions of international settlement.3. Government AgenciesGovernment agencies, such as central banks and customs authorities, also play a role in international settlement. They regulate and oversee the flow of funds and goods acrossborders, ensuring compliance with legal and regulatory frameworks.ConclusionInternational settlement is a vital component of the global financial system. It enables cross-border trade and investment, while promoting financial stability. Understanding the key concepts, methods, and entities involved in international settlement is essential for professionals in the field of finance. By familiarizing yourself with these concepts, you will be better equipped to navigate the complexities of international finance and contribute to the efficiency of global transactions.*Note: This document is written in Markdown format for easy readability and formatting.。
The foreign exchange market (Currency, Forex, or FX) market is where currency trading takes place. It is where banks and other official institutions that facilitate the buying and selling of foreign currencies. FX transactions typically involve one party purchasing a quantity of one currency in exchange for paying a quantity of another. The foreign exchange market that we see today started evolving during the 1970s when world over countries gradually switched to floating exchange rate from their erstwhile exchange rate regime, which remained fixed as per the Bretton Woods system till 1971.Today, the FX market is one of the largest and most liquid financial markets in the world, and includes trading between large banks, central banks, currency speculators, corporations, governments, and other institutions. The average daily volume in the global foreign exchange and related markets is continuously growing. Traditional daily turnover was reported to be over US$3.2 trillion in April 2007 by the Bank for International Settlements. Since then, the market has continued to grow. According to Euro money’s annual FX Poll, volumes grew a further 41% between 2007 and 2008.The purpose of FX market is to facilitate trade and investment. The need for a foreign exchange market arises because of the presence of multifarious international currencies such as US Dollar, Pound Sterling, etc., and the need for trading in such currencies.外汇市场，是国际间外汇买卖的交易场所，它是银行和其他官方机构促进货币的买卖活动的场所。
外汇交易的典型形式为一方花费一定数量的一种货币换取一定数量的另一种货币。
我们今天所见的外汇市场在1970年代经历起经历不断的发展，当时很多国家将他们过往的固定汇率制度（根据不雷顿森林体系）转换为浮动汇率制。
现在，外汇市场是世界上规模最大、流动性最强的市场之一，市场参与者包括各大银行，各中央银行、货币投机者、企业、政府，以及其他机构。
全球外汇市场和其他相关市场的每日平均交易额不断上升。
跟据国际结算银行的报告，2007年4月传统的每日成交量突破32亿美元。
从那时起，市场一直在整张。
根据《欧洲货币》的年度外会调查，2007年到2008年间，交易额增长了41%。
外汇市场的目的是为了促进交易和投资。
正是因为世界多种货币共存，如美元、英镑等，以及用这些货币进行交易的需要，才使得对外汇市场的需求不断增加。
The foreign exchange market is unique because of·its huge trading volume representing the largest asset class in the world leading to high liquidity;·its geographical dispersion;·its continuous operation: 24 hours a day except weekends, i.e. trading from 20:15 GMT on Sunday until 22:00 GMT Friday;·the variety of factors that affect exchange rates;·the low margins of relative profit compared with other markets of fixed income; and·the use of leverage to enhance profit and loss margins and with respect to account size.外汇市场的独特性体现在以下几个方面：▪巨大的交易量表明其属于世界上资产最多的类别，也使其成为世界上流动性最好的市场。
▪地理上分散。
▪不间断运转:除周末外24小时不停运转，交易从格林尼治标准时间星期天20:15开始一直到格林尼治标准时间星期五的22:00结束。
▪多种因素影响汇率。
▪相对其它市场而言较低的保证金比例。
As such, it has been referred to as the market closest to the ideal of perfect competition, notwithstanding currency intervention by central banks.According to the Bank for International Settlements, as of April 2010, average daily turnover in global foreign exchange markets is estimated at $3.98 trillion, a growth of approximately 20% over the $3.21 trillion daily volume as of April 2007. Some firms specializing on foreign exchange market had put the average daily turnover in excess of US$4 trillion.[4]The $3.98 trillion break-down is as follows:·$1.490 trillion in spot transactions·$475 billion in outright forwards·$1.765 trillion in foreign exchange swaps·$43 billion currency swaps·$207 billion in options and other products因此，尽管有时中央银行会干预汇市，外汇市场被认为是最接近完全竞争的市场。
根据国际清算银行2010年4月的统计，全球外汇市场平均每天的交易量估计为3.98万亿美元，比2007年4月的3.21万亿美元增加了大概20%。
一些专业的外汇公司认为外汇市场每天的交易量超过了4万亿美元。
每天3.98万亿美元的交易量细分如下：▪ 1.49万亿为现货交易▪4750亿为远期合约▪ 1.765万亿为外汇掉期▪430亿为货币掉期▪2070亿为期权和其它交易类别The foreign exchange market is the most liquid financial market in the world. Traders include large banks, central banks, institutional investors, currency speculators, corporations, governments, other financial institutions, and retail investors. The average daily turnover in the global foreign exchange and related markets is continuously growing. According to the 2010 Triennial Central Bank Survey, coordinated by the Bank for International Settlements, average daily turnover wasUS$3.98 trillion in April 2010 (vs $1.7 trillion in 1998).[3] Of this $3.98 trillion, $1.5 trillion was spot transactions and $2.5 trillion was traded in outright forwards, swaps and other derivatives.Trading in the United Kingdom accounted for 36.7% of the total, making it by far the most important center for foreign exchange trading. Trading in the United States accounted for 17.9%, and Japan accounted for 6.2%.[5]Turnover of exchange-traded foreign exchange futures and options have grown rapidly in recent years, reaching $166 billion in April 2010 (double the turnover recorded in April 2007). Exchange-traded currency derivatives represent 4% of OTC foreign exchange turnover. Foreign exchange futures contracts were introduced in 1972 at the Chicago Mercantile Exchange and are actively traded relative to most other futures contracts.Most developed countries permit the trading of derivative products (like futures and options on futures) on their exchanges. All these developed countries already have fully convertible capital accounts. Some governments of emerging economies do not allow foreign exchange derivative products on their exchanges because they have capital controls. The use of derivatives is growing in many emerging economies.[6] Countries such as Korea, South Africa, and India have established currency futures exchanges, despite having some capital controls.Foreign exchange trading increased by 20% between April 2007 and April 2010 and has more than doubled since 2004.The increase in turnover is due to a number of factors: the growing importance of foreign exchange as an asset class, the increased trading activity of high-frequency traders, and the emergence of retail investors as an important market segment. The growth of electronic execution and the diverse selection of execution venues has lowered transaction costs, increased market liquidity, and attracted greater participation from many customer types. In particular, electronic trading via online portals has made it easier for retail traders to trade in the foreign exchange market. By 2010, retail trading is estimated to account for up to 10% of spot turnover, or $150 billion per day (see retail foreign exchange platform).Foreign exchange is an over-the-counter market where brokers/dealers negotiate directly with one another, so there is no central exchange or clearing house. The biggest geographic trading center is the United Kingdom, primarily London, which according to The City UK estimates has increased its share of global turnover in traditional transactions from 34.6% in April 2007 to 36.7% in April 2010. Due to London's dominance in the market, a particular currency's quoted price is usually the London market price. For instance, when the International Monetary Fund calculates the value of its Special Drawing Rights every day, they use the London market prices at noon that day.市场规模和流动性外汇市场是世界上流动性最好的金融市场。
