Fosters in Vietnam
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英语作文谈谈自己的收获200字英文回答:Throughout my life, I've encountered numerous experiences that have enriched me in various ways. One of the most significant aspects of growth for me has been through my travels.Traveling exposes me to different cultures, languages, and ways of life. For instance, during my backpacking trip through Southeast Asia, I immersed myself in the local customs and traditions. I learned to greet people in Thai, bargain in Vietnamese markets, and appreciate the tranquility of a Balinese temple. These experiences not only broadened my understanding of the world but also helped me become more adaptable and open-minded.Moreover, traveling pushes me out of my comfort zone and challenges me to confront new situations. Whether it's navigating through bustling streets in Tokyo or tryingexotic street food in Mumbai, every encounter fosters personal growth. I remember the time when I got lost in the narrow alleys of Marrakech's medina. Despite feeling anxious, I managed to ask for directions in broken Arabic and eventually found my way back. This incident taught me the importance of resilience and problem-solving.Furthermore, interacting with people from diverse backgrounds has honed my communication skills. From sharing stories with fellow travelers in a hostel dormitory to conversing with locals over a meal, I've learned to communicate effectively across cultural boundaries. These interactions have taught me the value of listening and empathy, traits that are essential not only in traveling but also in everyday life.In summary, my travels have been incredibly enriching, providing me with valuable lessons and insights. They have shaped me into a more tolerant, adaptable, and communicative individual, ready to embrace the diversity of the world.中文回答:生活中,我经历了许多丰富多彩的经历,这些经历在各个方面都让我受益匪浅。
崇尚英雄缅怀先烈为主题的英语作文In every culture and nation, the legacy of heroes and martyrs forms an integral part of the collective memory. These figures, who have exhibited extraordinary courage and sacrificed their lives for noble causes, deserve our highest respect and deepest admiration. Honoring heroes and remembering martyrs is not only a tribute to their sacrifices but also an essential act of preserving our history, values, and identity. This essay explores the significance of venerating heroes and commemorating martyrs, illustrating how such practices can inspire contemporary society and future generations.Heroes and martyrs are often the bedrock of national identity. Their stories of bravery and selflessness serve as powerful symbols of the ideals and principles a society values. For instance, in the United States, figures likeGeorge Washington and Abraham Lincoln are celebrated fortheir leadership and contributions to the nation's founding and preservation. In India, Mahatma Gandhi is revered for his non-violent struggle for independence. These individuals, through their actions, have become embodiments of courage, resilience, and dedication to a greater cause.The act of honoring heroes and remembering martyrs is crucial for preserving historical memory. Monuments, museums, and memorial days play a significant role in this regard. These sites and occasions provide a tangible connection tothe past, allowing people to learn about the sacrifices madeby those who came before them. For example, the Vietnam Veterans Memorial in Washington, D.C., with its poignant list of names, serves as a stark reminder of the human cost of war. Similarly, the annual Remembrance Day in the United Kingdom honors the fallen soldiers of World Wars, ensuring their sacrifices are not forgotten.Beyond the preservation of history, commemorating heroes and martyrs serves as a powerful source of inspiration. Their stories of valor and sacrifice can motivate individuals to aspire to greater ideals. Young people, in particular, can benefit from these role models. Learning about the bravery of soldiers, the perseverance of activists, or the innovative spirit of pioneers can ignite a sense of purpose and commitment to making a positive impact in their own lives and communities.Moreover, honoring heroes and martyrs fosters a sense of unity and collective identity. In times of crisis or division, the shared reverence for these figures can bring people together, reminding them of common values and goals. This collective memory can act as a unifying force, helping to bridge differences and promote social cohesion. For example,in South Africa, Nelson Mandela is celebrated not only forhis role in ending apartheid but also for his efforts toreconcile a deeply divided nation. His legacy continues to inspire efforts towards unity and social justice.However, it is essential to approach the commemoration of heroes and martyrs with a critical perspective. History is complex, and the actions of individuals can have bothpositive and negative consequences. It is important to recognize that heroes and martyrs are human beings with flaws and contradictions. This nuanced understanding allows for a more comprehensive and honest engagement with history. It also encourages critical thinking and prevents theidolization of figures without acknowledging their full context.Furthermore, the process of selecting which heroes and martyrs to honor can be contentious. Different groups within a society may have varying views on who deserves recognition. This can lead to debates and disagreements, but such discussions are valuable as they encourage a deeperexploration of history and its impact on the present. Inclusive commemoration practices that consider diverse perspectives can enrich the collective memory and foster a more inclusive national identity.In addition to national heroes, it is important to recognize the contributions of local and everyday heroes. These individuals may not be widely known, but their actions have a significant impact on their communities. Teachers, healthcare workers, and activists who dedicate their lives to helping others are heroes in their own right. Honoring these individuals highlights the importance of everyday acts of courage and kindness, reinforcing the idea that heroism is not confined to grand gestures but can be found in the daily efforts to improve the lives of others.The commemoration of martyrs also calls for a reflection on the causes for which they sacrificed their lives. It prompts society to evaluate whether the ideals they foughtfor have been realized and what more needs to be done to achieve them. For instance, the legacy of civil rights activists like Martin Luther King Jr. compels ongoing efforts to address racial inequality and promote social justice. By remembering the struggles of martyrs, society is reminded of its unfinished work and the continuous journey towards a more just and equitable world.In conclusion, honoring heroes and remembering martyrs is a vital practice that serves multiple purposes: it preserves historical memory, inspires individuals, fosters unity, and encourages critical engagement with the past. While the process of commemoration can be complex and sometimes contentious, it ultimately enriches the collective memory and strengthens the societal fabric. By paying tribute to the brave, we not only acknowledge their sacrifices but also reaffirm our commitment to the values and ideals they championed. In doing so, we ensure that their legacycontinues to inspire and guide future generations towards a better, more just world.。
小学上册英语第四单元期中试卷(有答案)英语试题一、综合题(本题有100小题,每小题1分,共100分.每小题不选、错误,均不给分)1.My parents often take me to __________. (旅行)2.What is the capital of India?A. MumbaiB. New DelhiC. KolkataD. Bangalore答案:B3.What is the capital of Tajikistan?A. DushanbeB. BishkekC. TashkentD. Ashgabat答案: A4.What is the color of grass?A. BlueB. GreenC. YellowD. Red答案:B5.What is the main ingredient in a Caesar salad?A. LettuceB. SpinachC. KaleD. Arugula答案:A.Lettuce6.The teacher is ______ a story to the class. (reading)7.The chemical symbol for strontium is ______.8.I need a ___ (book) for class.9.The number of protons in an atom determines its __________.10.The ________ (presentation) is interactive.11.The chemical symbol for magnesium is _______.12.The __________ (历史的关怀) nurtures the soul.13.My friend loves ______ (动物).14.The chemical formula for phosphoric acid is _______.15.My sister is my best _______ who loves to play.16.What do we call the large, flat area of land that is higher than the surrounding land?A. ValleyB. MountainC. PlateauD. Hill答案:C17. A ______ (植物多样性) project can aid conservation efforts.18.Most stars are part of a _______ system.19.The ______ teaches us about modern technology.20.I have a _____ (玩具火车) that makes sounds.21.I can ________ my shoes.22.The __________ (历史的交互) fosters dialogue.23.The chemical formula for nitric acid is ______.24.The capital of Algeria is __________.25.根据图片提示,选出正确的答案。
江苏省丹阳高级中学2016年自主招生英语辅导材料5---精校Word版含答案江苏省丹阳高级中学英语自主招生辅导材料(五)一、词汇拓展1.We’re having difficulty recruiting enough properly qualified staff.2.He left the government to become her most formidable rival.3.They led a life of luxury, in a huge house in the countryside.4.Imagination and hard work are the ingredients of success.5.If we exclude uncompleted projects from the calculations, the total spent is still morethan 15 billion dollars6.He was fined for exceeding the speed limit.7.It was revealed that he had been in prison twice before.8.He descended slowly from the railway carriage.These ideas descend from those of the ancient philosophers.9.I learned a tremendous amount of knowledge in a short time.10.I think the fact that he is working with amateurs really frustrated him.I can’t understand this. I just g et frustrated with it.11.English comedians find it difficult to conquer the hearts of the local people.12.She seemed reluctant to join in the discussion.13.They spoke good Spanish and promised to interpret for me.14.I didn’t get a single world of gratitude for all my trouble.15.Let us resume where we left off.16.Tyson knocked his opponent out in the first around17.Fear of change is the greatest obstacle to progress.18.If medical supplies are short, children will be given priority.19.Sue says she seen Jurassic Park twenty tim es, but I’m sure she’s exaggerating.20.It is comfortable to live in the place because it is equipped with modern facilities.二、完形填空:All of my students I taught at Saint Mary’s School in Morris, Minnesota were dear to me, but Mark was one in a million. His happy-to-be-alive attitude made even his occasional naughtiness 21 .Mark talked 22 in class. I had to remind him again and again that talking without 23 was unacceptable. What impressed me so much, though, was his sincere response every time I h ad to correct him for misbehaving, “Thank you for correcting me, Madam!” I didn’t know what to mak e of it at first, but before long I became 24 hearing it many times a day.However, one morning my patience was 25 when Mark talked once too often. I warned Mark, “If you say one more word, I am going to tape your mouth 26 !”It wasn’t ten seconds later wh en Chuck blurted out(脱口说出), “Mark is talking again.”I hadn’t asked any of the students to help me 27 Mark, but since I had stated the 28 in front of the class, I had to act on it.Taking out a roll of masking tape from the drawer of my desk,I walked to M ark’s desk,29 two pieces of tape and made a big X with them over his mouth. I then returned to the30 of the room.As I glanced at Mark to see how he was doing, he winked at me naughtily. That he did so funnily! I started 31 . The entire class 32 as I wal ked back to Mark’s desk, 33 the tape, and shrugged my shoulders. His first words were, “Thank you for 34 me, Madam!”Several years passed until one cold rainy day when my father broke the news to me that Mark was killed in Vietnam War, I broke down and cri ed in my heart, “Mark, I would give all the masking tape in the world 35 you could talk to me!”21. A. delightful B. attractive C. striking D. annoying22. A. happily B. constantly C. quickly D. immediately23. A. hesitation B. permission C. delay D. trouble24. A. curious about B. unbearable of C. accustomed to D. fond of25. A. growing out B. working out C. going out D. running out26. A. close B. firmly C. shut D. closely27. A. watch B. criticize C. overlook D. inform28. A. opinion B. view C. punishment D. evidence29. A. put up B. tore off C. cut into D. took out30. A . back B. centre C. entrance D. front31. A. laughing B. screaming C. complaining D. criticizing32. A. disturbed B. protected C. froze D. cheered33. A. stuck B. recovered C. removed D. fastened34. A. praising B. correcting C. encouraging D. hurting35. A. as if B. in case C. if only D. even if三、阅读理解:AToday, we complete our story about the influential Englishwriter William Shakespeare. He wrote plays and poems during the late fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries, which remain very popular today.During earlier times, people would probably have learned several ancient Roman and Greek plays. It was not unusual for writers to produce more current versions of these works. For example, in Shakespeare’s play “The Comedy of Errors”, Shakespeare borrowed certain details from the ancient Roman writer Plautus. For his play “Macbeth”, Shakespeare most likely used a wo rk on Scottish history by Raphael Holinshed for information. Shakespeare might have borrowed from other writers, but the intensity(强度)of his imagination and language made the plays his own. While many plays by other writers of his time have been forgotten, Shakespeare and his art live on.Shakespeare was also influenced by the world around him. He described the sights and sounds of London in his plays. His works include observations about political struggles, the fear of diseases, and the popular language o f the city’s tradesmen. Shakespeare’s knowledge of the English co untryside is also clear. His works include descriptions of deep forests, local flowers, and the ancient popular traditions of rural people.It would be impossible to list all of the ways in w hich Shakespeare’s works have influenced the world culture. But the first and greatest example would be his great influence on the English language. During his time, the English language was changing. Many new words from other languages were being added. Shakespeare used his sharp mind and poetic inventiveness to create hundreds of new words and rework old ones. For example, he created the noun forms of “critic”, “mountaineer” and “eyeball”. Many common expressions inEnglish come from his plays, including “pomp and circumstance (装腔作势)” from “Othello”, “full circle(绕圈子地)” from “King Lear”, etc. The list of cultural creations influenced by Shakespeare is almost endless. From paintings to television to music and dance, Shakespeare was well represented. Shakespe are’s plays have been translated into every major language in the world.Shakespeare became a well-known writer during a golden age of theater. His years of hard work paid off.36. From the passage, we can see that ________.A. Shakespeare was hard-working when he was a studentB. many of Shakespeare’s works were infl uenced by earlier writingsC. the experience of living in London had no effect on Shakespeare’s worksD. Shakespeare became rich later because of the popularity of his works37. Why could Sh akespeare’s works survive his time?A. Because there were so few people writing plays in his time.B. Because he produced too many works that nobody else could do.C. Because his works were rich in imagination and language.D. Because he was a rich and influential person of his time.38. Shakespeare’s greatest influence should be on .A. paintingsB. televisionC. the English languageD. music and dance39. The passage is mainly about .A. an introduction to Shakespeare’s life and his worksB. the main features and styles of Shakespeare’s playsC. Shakespeare’s greatest influence on the world culture.D. how culture influenced Shakespeare and he influenced culture.BOne of our biggest fears nowadays is that our kids might some da y get lost in a “sea of technology” rather than experiencing the natural world. Fear-producing TV and computer games are leading to a serious disconnection between kids and the great outdoors, which will change the wild places of the world, its creatures and human health for the worse, unless adults get working on child’s play.Each of us has a place in nature we go sometimes, even if it was torn down. We cannot be the last generation to have that place. At this rate, kids who miss the sense of wonder outdoors will not grow up to be protectors of natural landscapes. “If the decline in parks use continues across North America, who will defend parks against encroachment(蚕食)?” asks Richard Louv, author of Last Child in the Woods.Without having a nature experience, kids, can turn out just fine, but they are missing out a huge enrichment of their lives. That applies to everything from their physical health and mental health, to stress levels, creativity and cognitive(认知的)skills. Experts predict modern kids will have poorer health than their parents — and they say a lack of outside play is surely part of it; research suggests that kids do better academically in schools with a nature component and that play in nature fosters(培养)leadership by the smartest, not by the toughest. Even a tiny outdoor experience can create wonder in a child. The three-year-old turning over his first rock realizes he。
2022年大学英语四级考试真题一答案全文共3篇示例,供读者参考篇12022年大学英语四级考试真题一答案Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Is it important to live in harmony with nature? You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below:1. 同意或不同意“与自然和谐相处很重要”,给出两至三个理由或论据。
2. 用一个例子支撑你的观点。
Is it Important to Live in Harmony with Nature?In today’s fast-paced and modern society, there is an increasing disconnect between humans and nature. Some people argue that it is essential to live in harmony with nature, while others believe that it is not a priority in the face of urbanization and technological advancement. From myperspective, I firmly agree that it is crucial to coexist peacefully with nature.First and foremost, living in harmony with nature can enhance our physical and mental well-being. Studies have shown that spending time in nature, such as going for a hike in the mountains or taking a walk in the park, can reduce stress levels and improve overall health. In contrast, a lack of connection to the natural world can lead to feelings of isolation and dissatisfaction. Therefore, it is important to prioritize our relationship with nature for the sake of our own well-being.Furthermore, living in harmony with nature is essential for the preservation of the environment and the sustainability of our planet. Human activities, such as deforestation, pollution, and overfishing, have caused irreversible damage to ecosystems and wildlife. By respecting and protecting nature, we can help mitigate the negative impacts of climate change and promote a more eco-friendly lifestyle. In doing so, we can ensure a greener and healthier planet for future generations to enjoy.To illustrate this point, let us consider the example of the indigenous peoples of the Amazon rainforest. These communities have lived in harmony with nature for centuries, relying on traditional knowledge and sustainable practices tomaintain a delicate balance with the environment. Sadly, their way of life is under threat due to deforestation and industrial development. If we do not take action to protect these valuable ecosystems, we risk losing not only biodiversity but also the cultural heritage of these indigenous groups.In conclusion, I firmly believe that it is important to live in harmony with nature for our own well-being and the preservation of the planet. By fostering a deeper connection to the natural world and adopting sustainable practices, we can create a more harmonious and sustainable future for all living beings. Let us strive to coexist peacefully with nature and protect the precious resources that sustain life on Earth.Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C), and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the center.11. M: I’m thinking of painting the walls in the living room a lighter color. What do you think?W: I think that’s a great idea. It will make the room look more spacious and inviting.Q: What does the woman think of painting the walls a lighter color?12. W: We should try that new Italian restaurant downtown. I’ve heard the food there is amazing.M: Sounds good to me. I’m always up for trying new cuisine.Q: What does the man suggest they do?13. M: Are you going to the company picnic next weekend?W: Yes, I wouldn’t miss it for the world. It’s always a fun event.Q: What does the woman say about the company picnic?14. W: I’m so excited for our trip to Japan next month. Have you started packing yet?M: Not yet, but I’ve already made a list of things I need to bring.Q: What has the man done for the trip to Japan?15. M: Did you hear that the university is offering a new course on artificial intelligence next semester?W: Yes, I’m thinking of enrolling in it. It sounds really interesting.Q: What does the woman indicate about the new course?Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. How are artists Liv and Joel feeling about their upcoming exhibition?A) Nervous.B) Excited.C) Disappointed.D) Indifferent.17. What does Liv say helped inspire their latest works of art?A) A trip to the seaside.B) A visit to a museum.C) A book they read.D) A film they watched.18. What does Joel mention about the theme of their exhibition?A) It is based on famous paintings.B) It reflects their personal experiences.C) It is about global warming.D) It showcases traditional art forms.Passage TwoQuestions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. What is the main topic of the passage?A) Different types of gardens.B) The benefits of gardening.C) A gardening competition.D) Gardening as a hobby.20. Why does the speaker mention the National Garden Show?A) To recommend a place to buy gardening supplies.B) To explain the origins of the gardening competition.C) To highlight the importance of community gardens.D) To promote the benefits of sustainable gardening.21. What impact does gardening have on mental health, according to the speaker?A) It helps reduce stress and anxiety.B) It encourages outdoor exercise.C) It fosters social connections.D) It promotes a sense of achievement.Passage ThreeQuestions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. How does the speaker describe the Capitol Visitor Center?A) As a historical landmark.B) As a modern facility.C) As a cultural institution.D) As a natural attraction.23. What is the main purpose of the Capitol Visitor Center, according to the speaker?A) To provide guided tours of the Capitol.B) To host special exhibitions and events.C) To showcase artifacts from American history.D) To educate visitors about the legislative process.24. What does the speaker say about the Capitol building?A) It is a recent addition to Washington, D.C.B) It is the tallest building in the city.C) It is the meeting place of the U.S. Congress.D) It is the residence of the President.25. What does the speaker suggest visitors do before exploring the Capitol building?A) Take a guided tour of the White House.B) Visit the Library of Congress.C) Watch a documentary film.D) Stop by the Capitol Visitor Center.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.The New Seven Natural Wonders of the WorldIn 2007, a global poll was conducted to determine the New Seven Natural Wonders of the World. The results were announced in 2011, and they include some of the most breathtaking and (26) _____ landscapes on Earth. Among the winning destinations is the Amazon Rainforest, which is home toa diverse (27) _____ of plant and animal species. Another wonder is the Iguazu Falls, located on the border between Brazil and Argentina. These magnificent waterfalls attract millions of visitors each year and are (28) _____ for their beauty and grandeur.Other natural wonders that made the list include Halong Bay in Vietnam, Jeju Island in South Korea, Komodo National Park in Indonesia, Puerto Princesa Underground River in the Philippines, and Table Mountain in South Africa. Each of these sites was selected for their unique (29) _____ features and ecological significance. Visiting these extraordinary destinations offers travelers the chance to connect with nature and (30) _____ firsthand the wonders of the natural world.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there are four passages. For each passage, there are several questions followed by four choices marked A), B), C), and D). You should choose the best answer to each question. Mark your answer on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.31. What does the speaker say about the history of chocolate?A) It was discovered in South America.B) It was first introduced in Europe.C) It has been enjoyed for over 5,000 years.D) It was used as a form of currency.32. What was the main reason chocolate became popular in Europe?A) Its medicinal properties.B) Its exotic flavor.C) Its association with wealth.D) Its religious significance.33. How did the Industrial Revolution impact the production of chocolate?A) It led to the mass production of chocolate bars.B) It increased the availability of imported cocoa beans.C) It improved the quality of chocolate recipes.D) It introduced new technologies for chocolate making.34. What does the speaker suggest about the role of chocolate in modern society?A) It is considered a luxury item.B) It is used in traditional medicine.C) It is associated with religious rituals.D) It is a staple food in many cultures.35. What is the main message of the passage?A) Chocolate has a rich history and cultural significance.B) Chocolate consumption has negative health effects.C) Chocolate production has evolved over time.D) Chocolate is enjoyed by people of all ages.Passage TwoQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the passage you have just heard.36. What is the main topic of the conversation?A) The benefits of yoga.B) The importance of physical exercise.C) The effects of stress on the body.D) The role of mindfulness in mental health.37. What does Dr. Patel say about the practice of yoga?A) It is popular among athletes.B) It requires significant physical strength.C) It can help reduce chronic pain.D) It is not suitable for beginners.38. What advice does Dr. Patel give to people with busy schedules?A) Practice yoga at least twice a week.B) Incorporate mindfulness into daily activities.C) Take short breaks to stretch and relax.D) Delegate tasks to reduce stress levels.39. Why does Dr. Patel recommend yoga and mindfulness practices?A) To improve physical fitness.B) To alleviate symptoms of anxiety.C) To increase productivity at work.D) To achieve inner peace and balance.40. What is the main message of the conversation?A) Yoga and mindfulness can help reduce stress and improve well-being.B) Regular exercise is essential for maintaining a healthy lifestyle.C) Mindfulness practices are more effective than traditional therapy.D) Personal well-being is closely linked to physical fitness.Passage ThreeQuestions 41 to 45 are based on the passage you have just heard.41. What is the main topic of the passage?A) The benefits of volunteering.B) The challenges of community service.C) The impact of social media on charity.D) The importance of giving back to society.42. Why does the speaker mention social media platforms?A) To highlight the role of technology in fundraising.B) To criticize the lack of transparency in charity organizations.C) To promote volunteer opportunities online.D) To outline the benefits of sharing personal experiences.43. What does the speaker say about the volunteers mentioned in the passage?A) They are all experienced professionals.B) They come from diverse backgrounds.C) They receive financial compensation.D) They work for international organizations.44. How does the speaker describe the impact of volunteering on individuals?A) It helps build essential skills for the job market.B) It fosters a sense of community and belonging.C) It provides opportunities for career advancement.D) It leads to financial rewards and recognition.45. What is the main message of the passage?A) Volunteering offers personal and professional benefits.B) Social media plays a crucial role in charity fundraising.C) Community service should be mandatory for all citizens.D) Giving back to society is a moral obligation for everyone.Passage FourQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the passage you have just heard.46. What is the main topic of the passage?A) The benefits of reading for pleasure.B) The impact of digital technologies on literacy.C) The importance of libraries in the digital age.D) The decline of traditional print media.47. How does the speaker define literacy?A) The ability to read and write.B) The knowledge of basic arithmetic.C) The understanding of scientific concepts.D) The appreciation of cultural heritage.48. Why does the speaker mention digital technologies?A) To promote online literacy programs.B) To criticize the rise of e-books.C) To highlight the benefits of audiobooks.D) To discuss the changing landscape of reading.49. What does the speaker say about reading for pleasure?A) It is essential for academic success.B) It can improve cognitive abilities.C) It is becoming less popular among young people.D) It is a luxury that should be reserved for leisure time.50. What is the main message of the passage?A) Reading is a fundamental skill that should be encouraged.B) Digital technologies are detrimental to literacy rates.C) Libraries play a vital role in promoting reading habits.D) Traditional print media is at risk of extinction.Section BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1.The Real-Life Benefits of MeditationA) Meditation is an ancient practice that has gained popularity in recent years for its profound health and wellness benefits. While many people associate meditation with spiritual or religious traditions, it is actually a secular practice that anyone can learn and benefit from. Research shows that regular meditation can lower stress levels, improve mental clarity, and enhance overall well-being.B) One of the key benefits of meditation is its ability to reduce stress and anxiety. By focusing on the present moment and quieting the mind, meditation can help calm the nervous system and promote relaxation. This can be especially beneficial for individuals who experience chronic stress or have anxiety disorders. Studies have found that meditating for just a fewminutes a day can have a significant impact on reducing stress levels.C) Another important benefit of meditation is its positive effects on mental health. Meditation has been shown to improve concentration, memory, and cognitive function. Regular practice can also help increase self-awareness and emotional resilience, leading to a greater sense of inner peace and balance. In addition, meditation can be a powerful tool for managing symptoms of depression and other mental health conditions.D) In addition to its mental health benefits, meditation has been linked to improved physical health outcomes. Research suggests that regular meditation can boost the immune system, lower blood pressure, and reduce inflammation in the body. By promoting relaxation and reducing stress, meditation can also help prevent chronic diseases such as heart disease and diabetes. Furthermore, some studies have found that meditation can improve sleep quality and alleviate symptoms of insomnia.E) Beyond its immediate health benefits, meditation has long-term effects on overall well-being. Regular practice has been shown to increase feelings of happiness, gratitude, and compassion. By cultivating a sense of mindfulness and presence, meditation can help individuals develop a more positive outlookon life and build stronger relationships with others. This can lead to a greater sense of connection and fulfillment in both personal and professional settings.篇22022年大学英语四级考试真题一答案Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay entitled How to Achieve Success in Life. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below.1. 人生成功的定义:不同人有不同的看法2. 取得成功的关键因素3. 如何实现人生成功Sample Answer:How to Achieve Success in LifeSuccess in life is something that varies from person to person. To some, success may mean achieving financial stability and a high-paying job, while to others, it may mean finding inner peace and happiness. Therefore, it is important to define success for yourself and set goals accordingly.There are several key factors that contribute to success in life. Firstly, determination and perseverance are essential traits to have when striving for success. Without the drive to keep going even when faced with obstacles, it is easy to give up in the face of adversity. Secondly, having a clear vision of what you want to achieve and setting specific goals is crucial. By knowing exactly what you want and how you plan to get there, you can create a roadmap for success.In order to achieve success in life, it is important to take action and work towards your goals every day. This may involve making sacrifices and stepping out of your comfort zone, but it is all part of the journey towards success. Additionally, surrounding yourself with positive and supportive people can help you stay motivated and focused on your goals.In conclusion, success in life is a personal journey that requires determination, perseverance, and a clear vision of what you want to achieve. By setting goals, taking action, and surrounding yourself with positive influences, you can achieve the success you desire. Remember, success is not a destination but a journey, so enjoy the process and celebrate your achievements along the way.篇32022年大学英语四级考试真题一答案Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: The Impact of Social Media on Communication. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below in Chinese:1. 社交媒体给人们的交流带来了哪些影响?2. 这些影响是正面的还是负面的?3. 你的看法。
贵阳“PEP”2024年11版小学3年级英语第1单元暑期作业考试时间:80分钟(总分:140)A卷考试人:_________题号一二三四五总分得分一、综合题(共计100题)1、What do you call a story that is usually told at bedtime?A. NovelB. Fairy taleC. BiographyD. Poem2、填空题:The baby bird learns to _________ from its mother. (飞)3、What is the term for a baby chicken?A. DucklingB. ChickC. GoslingD. Calf答案:B4、填空题:A _______ (小鸭子) swims behind its mother.5、填空题:The ________ was a significant event in the quest for knowledge.6、Which animal is known for building dams?A. BeaverB. RabbitC. SquirrelD. Fox7、听力题:Elephants have large ______.8、What do we call a story that teaches a lesson?A. FableB. NovelC. BiographyD. Poem答案:A9、听力题:She likes to wear ___. (jewelry)10、填空题:I love to attend ______ (节日) that celebrate different cultures and traditions.11、填空题:The _____ (内陆地区) may have unique plant species.12、What do we call the physical and biological conditions in which an organism lives?A. EcosystemB. HabitatC. EnvironmentD. Community答案:B13、填空题:I call my mother's sister __________. (姑姑)14、填空题:The nurse gives _____ (疫苗) to children.15、填空题:A __________ (花卉展览) showcases a variety of plant species.16、填空题:I like to draw pictures of ________.17、听力题:The Pacific Ring of Fire is known for its high number of ______ and earthquakes.18、填空题:The chameleon changes color to _________. (隐身)19、听力题:I like _____ (to cook/to eat).20、填空题:Plants can be grown from ______ (扦插) or seeds.21、填空题:The puppy loves to _______ (追逐) its tail.22、填空题:The first Olympic Games were held in ________ (古希腊).23、听力题:The chemical formula for barium sulfate is _______.24、填空题:The ancient Romans enjoyed ________ (角斗士比赛).25、填空题:_____ (自然) provides many resources for plants.26、听力题:The blanket is very ___ (soft/hard).27、填空题:I like to collect ______ (邮票) from different countries. Each stamp tells a ______ (故事).28、听力题:An alloy is a mixture of two or more _____, usually metals.29、What is the capital of Hungary?A. BudapestB. PragueC. BratislavaD. Vienna答案:A30、What do you call the outer layer of the Earth?A. CoreB. MantleC. CrustD. Shell31、听力题:She is _____ her grandma's house. (visiting)32、zero waste) movement aims to eliminate waste. 填空题:The ____33、What sound does a cow make?A. BarkB. MeowC. MooD. Quack34、听力题:The capital city of Vietnam is __________.35、填空题:I can ______ (提高) my performance through practice.36、填空题:The _____ (丰收) of crops happens in the fall.37、听力题:I like to ___ (explore/hike) in the woods.38、填空题:The ancient Greeks believed in the importance of ________ (哲学).39、What do you call a sweet food made from flour and sugar?A. CakeB. CookieC. BrownieD. All of the above答案:D40、What is the hardest natural substance on Earth?A. GoldB. DiamondC. IronD. Quartz41、填空题:I like to pick _____ from the garden.42、What is the term for animals that are active at night?A. DiurnalB. NocturnalC. CrepuscularD. Migratory答案:B43、填空题:The ________ was a famous treaty that ended World War I.44、听力题:A tornado is a fast-moving ______.45、听力题:The weather is _____ outside today. (nice)46、填空题:A ________ (干旱) climate changes plant growth.47、听力题:Gravity is the force that keeps planets in _______ around the sun.48、填空题:The capital of Antigua and Barbuda is ________ (圣约翰).49、听力题:A solution is made when a solute is dissolved in a _____.50、Which vegetable is known for making you cry when you cut it?A. CarrotB. OnionC. TomatoD. Pepper51、How many letters are there in the English alphabet?A. 24B. 25C. 26D. 27答案: C52、What do you call the amount of matter in an object?A. VolumeB. DensityC. MassD. Weight53、填空题:The butterfly emerges from its ________________ (蛹).54、Which animal is known for its distinctive black and white coloring?A. PandaB. ZebraC. SkunkD. Orca55、听力题:I enjoy _____ (乘坐) the bus.56、ts need _____ (湿润的) conditions to thrive. 填空题:Some pla57、填空题:The __________ (历史的洞察) fosters enlightenment.58、填空题:_____ (环境保护) is essential for plant survival.59、填空题:I enjoy watching the ______ in the sky.60、选择题:What is 7 + 2?A. 8B. 9C. 10D. 1161、Which instrument has black and white keys?A. GuitarB. DrumsC. PianoD. Violin答案:C62、填空题:My sister has a pet _____ (仓鼠).63、选择题:What do we wear on our feet?A. HatB. ShoesC. GlovesD. Scarf64、听力题:I have _____ (three/four) pets.My favorite sport is _______.66、填空题:The flowers in the garden are _______ and vibrant.67、填空题:My favorite sport is ______ (足球). I play it with my friends every ______ (星期).68、What is the primary language spoken in Brazil?A. SpanishB. EnglishC. FrenchD. Portuguese答案:D69、填空题:My neighbor has a cute __________. (狗)70、填空题:I have a special ________ that reminds me of my childhood.71、听力题:The chemical formula for alpha-linolenic acid is ______.72、听力题:The chemical formula for caffeine is ________.73、填空题:A __________ (比例) can affect the outcome of a chemical reaction.74、填空题:The _______ (The Civil Rights Act) aimed to protect individuals from discrimination.75、听力题:The _______ of a wave can be described by its frequency and amplitude.76、选择题:What do we call a person who loves nature?A. EnvironmentalistB. ScientistC. BotanistD. Naturalist77、填空题:The ________ was a famous war fought in ancient Greece.My favorite game is _______ (捉迷藏).79、填空题:The _____ (植物生态作用) highlights the interconnectedness of life.80、填空题:_____ (水果) trees produce many tasty treats.81、填空题:I want to travel to ________ (意大利) one day.82、听力题:The ______ grows in forests.83、填空题:The __________ (历史的光辉) shines brightly.84、听力题:My friend is a ______. He enjoys studying ancient history.85、填空题:The __________ was a significant event in American history for women's rights. (妇女选举权运动)86、What is the capital of France?A. BerlinB. MadridC. ParisD. Rome87、听力题:The stars are ___ (twinkling) at night.88、填空题:The rabbit’s ears help it hear _______ (声音).89、听力题:A ________ is a large area of land that has been built on.90、填空题:The jaguar is a _________ predator. (强大的)91、What do you call a person who plays the piano?A. PianistB. GuitaristC. DrummerD. Violinist92、听力题:The capital of the United Kingdom is _______.93、填空题:The architect designs _____ (建筑) for cities.94、填空题:The ancient Egyptians used _____ for mummification.95、填空题:Planting trees can help combat ______ (气候变化).96、填空题:The country known for its coral reefs is ________ (以珊瑚礁闻名的国家是________).97、听力题:He is _____ (tall) and kind.98、听力题:A ______ is a type of report summarizing findings.99、填空题:The puffin can dive underwater to catch ______ (鱼).100、听力题:The state of matter with a fixed volume but no fixed shape is a ______.。
2024年03版小学5年级上册英语第二单元综合卷[有答案]考试时间:90分钟(总分:110)A卷考试人:_________题号一二三四五总分得分一、综合题(共计100题)1、What do you call the story of a person's life written by that person?A. BiographyB. AutobiographyC. NovelD. Memoir答案:B2、填空题:The frog jumps ______ (高) to catch flies.3、What is the term for a baby goat?A. CalfB. KidC. LambD. Foal答案:B4、What is the term for the study of stars and planets?A. BiologyB. ChemistryC. AstronomyD. Geology5、Which animal is famous for building dams?A. BeaverB. OtterC. FrogD. Turtle答案:AMany ________ (文化) use plants for rituals.7、选择题:What do we call a sweet food made from sugar and chocolate?A. CandyB. ChocolateC. SweetD. Treat8、填空题:The invention of the light bulb is credited to ________ (爱迪生).9、What is the opposite of fat?A. ThinB. SlimC. LeanD. All of the above答案:D10、听力题:The element with atomic number is __________.11、听力题:She is a talented ________.12、What is the name of the famous American singer known for her powerful voice?A. AdeleB. Whitney HoustonC. Mariah CareyD. Beyoncé答案: B13、What do we call the liquid part of blood?A. PlasmaB. PlateletsC. HemoglobinD. Cells14、Which fruit is known for keeping the doctor away?A. BananaB. OrangeC. AppleD. Grape答案: CThe ice cream is ___ (melting/freezing).16、听力题:The ______ is a satellite of Earth.17、填空题:My sister loves to __________ (参加) community events.18、填空题:My friend is a _____ (艺术家) who creates murals.19、听力题:The teacher is in the ___. (classroom)20、填空题:The __________ can be very hot during July. (天气)21、填空题:A _____ (植物凝聚力) fosters community around shared interests.22、What is the capital city of Sweden?a. Oslob. Copenhagenc. Helsinkid. Stockholm答案:d23、填空题:I want to _______ (体验)不同的活动。
英语作文关于吃饭的Title: The Joy of Dining: Exploring the Culture of Eating。
Eating is not merely a biological necessity; it's a cultural phenomenon that transcends borders and unites people from diverse backgrounds. From the bustling streets of New York City to the serene villages of rural China, the act of dining brings individuals together to share experiences, forge connections, and celebrate life's simple pleasures.First and foremost, dining is a sensory experience. The tantalizing aroma of sizzling garlic wafting from abustling Italian trattoria, the vibrant colors of a traditional Indian thali arranged meticulously on a gleaming brass plate, the satisfying crunch of freshly baked French baguette—all evoke a symphony of sensations that ignite the taste buds and stir the soul.Moreover, dining is a reflection of cultural identity. Each cuisine tells a story—a narrative of history, geography, and tradition. Whether it's the hearty stews of Ireland, the delicate sushi of Japan, or the fiery curries of Thailand, every dish carries with it a rich tapestry of heritage and legacy. Through food, we not only nourish our bodies but also honor our roots, paying homage to the culinary wisdom passed down through generations.Furthermore, dining fosters social bonds and strengthens relationships. Whether it's a family gathering around the dinner table, friends sharing a meal at their favorite neighborhood bistro, or colleagues breaking bread at a business lunch, the act of dining together creates a sense of camaraderie and intimacy. Conversations flow freely, laughter fills the air, and memories are made amidst the clinking of glasses and the clatter of cutlery.Additionally, dining transcends language barriers, serving as a universal language of connection. A smile exchanged over a steaming bowl of pho in Vietnam, a nod of appreciation for a perfectly grilled steak in Argentina, ora gesture of hospitality as a host presents a platter of mezze in Lebanon—all speak volumes, conveying warmth, acceptance, and friendship without the need for words.Moreover, dining is an art form, with chefs as the modern-day maestros orchestrating symphonies of flavor on a plate. From Michelin-starred restaurants pushing the boundaries of culinary innovation to humble street vendors showcasing the simplicity of local fare, every dish is a masterpiece in its own right—an expression of creativity, skill, and passion.In conclusion, dining is much more than the mere act of eating; it's a celebration of life itself. It's a journey of exploration, a testament to diversity, and a catalystfor connection. So, whether you're savoring a five-course gourmet meal or enjoying a humble bowl of noodles, remember that every bite is an opportunity to embrace the beauty of culture, the warmth of community, and the richness of the human experience. Cheers to the joy of dining!。
街边小吃的英语作文Street FoodStreet food is a vibrant and integral part of the culinary landscape in many countries around the world. From the bustling night markets of Asia to the food carts lining the streets of Latin America, these mobile eateries offer a unique and authentic dining experience that has captivated the hearts and taste buds of both locals and travelers alike.One of the primary appeals of street food is its accessibility. Unlike the formality and often high prices of traditional restaurants, street food vendors provide a more casual and affordable option for those seeking a quick and satisfying meal. Whether it's a steaming hot bowl of noodles in Vietnam, a fragrant curry in India, or a juicy burger in the United States, these portable culinary delights are readily available and easily accessible, making them a popular choice for busy urbanites and adventurous foodies.Another allure of street food is the sense of community and cultural immersion it fosters. By engaging with the local vendors and observing the preparation of these dishes, visitors can gain a deeperunderstanding and appreciation of the culinary traditions and customs of the region. The vibrant atmosphere of street food markets, with their bustling crowds, sizzling aromas, and lively interactions, often serve as a window into the heart and soul of a city or country.Moreover, street food offers a unique opportunity for culinary exploration and discovery. With a diverse array of regional specialties and innovative flavor combinations, these mobile eateries provide a platform for adventurous eaters to venture beyond the familiar and expand their gastronomic horizons. From the spicy and tangy flavors of Thai street food to the rich and comforting dishes of Mexican street vendors, the world of street cuisine is a veritable treasure trove of cultural and culinary diversity.One of the most captivating aspects of street food is the sense of authenticity and connection to local traditions. Unlike the carefully curated menus and standardized presentations of many restaurants, street food vendors often rely on time-honored recipes and techniques passed down through generations. This connection to the past not only lends an air of authenticity to the dining experience but also serves as a testament to the enduring power of culinary traditions in the face of globalization and modernization.Furthermore, street food plays a vital role in supporting localeconomies and small-scale entrepreneurs. These mobile eateries provide employment opportunities and income sources for countless individuals, often serving as a means of livelihood for families and communities. By supporting these local vendors, travelers and diners can contribute to the preservation of traditional culinary practices and the empowerment of marginalized communities.Despite the many benefits and charms of street food, it is not without its challenges. Concerns over food safety, hygiene, and regulation have led to increased scrutiny and oversight in many regions. However, many street food vendors have adapted to these changing demands, implementing stricter food handling practices and working closely with local authorities to ensure the safety and quality of their offerings.In conclusion, street food is a vibrant and integral part of the global culinary landscape, offering a unique and authentic dining experience that transcends cultural boundaries. From the bustling night markets of Asia to the food carts of Latin America, these mobile eateries provide a window into the heart and soul of local communities, fostering a sense of cultural immersion and culinary exploration. As we continue to navigate the ever-evolving world of food, the enduring appeal of street cuisine serves as a testament to the enduring power of tradition, community, and the universal human desire for delicious and satisfying sustenance.。
越南英语作文Life in Vietnam is vibrant and full of energy. 越南的生活充满活力和能量。
From the bustling streets filled with motorbikes to the colorful markets selling fresh produce, there is never a dull moment in this beautiful country. 无论是充斥着摩托车的繁华街头,还是充满色彩的市场上售卖新鲜农产品,这个美丽国家永远不会让人感到无聊。
One of the things that make Vietnam unique is its rich cultural heritage. 越南独特之处之一在于其丰富的文化遗产。
From traditional music and dance performances to the intricate architecture of pagodas and temples, the country is steeped in history and tradition. 从传统音乐和舞蹈表演到寺庙和庙宇复杂的建筑,这个国家充满着历史和传统。
The food in Vietnam is also a highlight for visitors. 越南的食物也是游客的一个亮点。
With dishes like pho, banh mi, and fresh spring rolls, the cuisine is a delicious blend of flavors and textures. 有着越南米粉、越南法棍面包和新鲜春卷等美食,这种美食风味丰富,口感出色。
However, like any other country, Vietnam also faces its own challenges. 然而,和其他任何国家一样,越南也面临着自己的挑战。
Chapter 8Fosters in VietnamWRETTEN BY TUSHAR SHARMABackgroundFosters Group Limited (FGL) is a Melbourne-based global multi-beverage group producing a strong portfolio of beer, wine, spirits, cider and non-alcoholic beverages. Fosters is particularly well known for different brands of beers famous both domestically and globally.In 2010 FGL functioned through its three main regional operating arms: Australia, Asia and the Pacific; Europe, Middle East and Africa; and the Americas. A corporate restructuring is underway, although all the operations continue to be centrally managed from the headquarters in Melbourne.It wasn’t until the early 1990s that Fosters decided to enter the markets of Southeast Asia, but untapped markets in countries such as China, Vietnam, Fiji and Thailand represented great potential. Vietnam, in particular, offered great opportunities for FGL considering its large percentage of young people and the fact that the tropical climate was conducive for beer production and consumption. These became the paramount reasons behind the entry of FGL and other international breweries into Vietnam in 1997.FGL ventured into Vietnam through its wholly owned subsidiary Fosters Vietnam Limited. The company was founded in 1997 and based in Ho Chi Minh City. Fosters Vietnam Limited operated as a subsidiary of Fosters Brewing International, catering to the Asian and Middle Eastern markets. Fosters operated two breweries in Vietnam: Fosters Danang Brewery in Central Vietnam, and Fosters Tien Giang Brewery outside of Ho Chi Minh City. Both breweries produced Fosters Lager, Asia’s most recognized beer brand, and the fast-growing local beer brand Larue, which became a huge hit in Vietnam.The purchase of Danang (Song Han), a SOE (state-owned enterprise) for AUD $8 million (USD $4.7 million) in 2002 was done specifically to allow Fosters to double its brewing capacity to one million hectoliters and meet increasing demand.From its initial investment of 1997 FGL was able to double its market share in Vietnam to 12% and as a result achieved a maiden profit in 2002, two years ahead of schedule. This was mainly due to the growth of its domestic brands and export business. From 2002 to 2006, however, FGL struggled to meet strict –and regularly changing –government regulations. This situation ultimately led to the exit of Fosters form Vietnam. The August 2006, it sold its business to Asia Pacific Breweries (APB) for USD $105 million. The company also had to deal with a range of cultural differences that impacted on its ability to promote produces effectively and to deal with both local and foreign competition. These challenges also impacted on staff hiring, reward and retention policy, and occupational health and safety requirements.Fosters Group LimitedFGL is well known for product lines such as Fosters Lager, Crown Lager, Carlton Cold, Carlton Draught, Carlton Sterling, Victoria Bitter and Cascade Premium. Global management for the Asia Pacific operations of FGL International is run from the Melbourne headquarters. FGL’ s primary customer base consists of local and international liquor wholesalers, retailers, hotels, bars and restaurants. These account for 60% of revenue. FGL also serves the corporate and generalpublic directly, generating 25% of its total revenue.As part of its expansion in Asia, FGL entered Vietnam in 1997 to further grow its business in the second fastest growing economy in Asia.The Vietnamese beer marketBeer output in Vietnam increased form approximately 1.29 billion liters in 2003 to 2 billion liters in 2008. To meet the increasing demand, output was expected to reach 2.7 billion liters by 2010.In 2009, beer production in Vietnam was estimated at 18.5 million hectoliters a year. Despite inflation, the beer industry was experiencing an annual growth rate of 14%. It was also estimated that Vietnamese people spent over VND $20 trillion on beer every year. With 33 million people between the ages of 20 and 40, the beer industry was expected to continue its raped growth.In 2008, the two biggest names in the Vietnamese beer industry were Habeco and Sabeco, accounting for a combined 50% market share. According to the Ministry of Industry and Trade, there were 350 breweries operating in Vietnam in 2008, but premium beer sales were limited to a few major international brands. Many international players (including France’s Kronenbourg, and San Miguel of the Philippines) have now joined premium beer leaders Tiger and Heineken in the Vietnamese market.Entering the Vietnamese market, however, was difficult. Multinational corporations were required to obtain government approval and a business license (Ha Thanh Nguyen & Meyer 2004). Although the government had started opening up some sectors, the economy was still generally closed. This was especially ture for the beer industry where state owned enterprises (SOEs) like Saigon Brewery Ltd (SABECO) and Vietnam brewery Ltd were still the dominant players in 2008 (International 2008).Fosters in VietnamThe “Doi Moi” economic reforms of the early 1990s made it easier for foreign companies to enter and operate in Vietnam. Fosters entered Vietnam in 1997 by buying two breweries from French company Brasserie et Glacieres Internationales for $57 million. The breweries had a total capacity of 90 million liters. Fosters was very optimistic about succeeding in Vietnam and formulated a five- year plan to achieve operational profitability. In fact, due to the increased disposable income of a burgeoning middle class, Fosters achieved its goal two years ahead of schedule.Early in 2002, in order in meet the growing demand, Fosters acquired Danang (Song Han) State Brewery for AUD $8 million (USD $4.7 million). The acquisition of the brewery’s assets and the Song Han brand license allowed Fosters to double its brewing capacity. It increased Danang Brewery’s capacity to 450,000 hectoliters, or the equivalent of six million cases. This enabled FGL to increase its market share to 12%.The reason for these massive investments in Vietnam was FGL’s plan to use it as a production base catering not only to the growing Vietnamese domestic market, but also for export production to other countries in the Asia Pacific region. As a result, by the end of 2002, Fosters operated two breweries in Vietnam: Fosters Danang Brewery in Central Vietnam and FGL’ s Tien Gang Brewery outside of Ho Chi Minh City. The two breweries produced Fosters Lager, Asia’s most recognized beer brand, and the fast growing local beer brand Larue. It also launched LarueExport produced by its BGI Tien Gang Brewery. In total, due to FG L’s acquisitions, the company’s brewing capacity reached one million hectoliters at its peak, providing beneficial economies of scale.Why did FGL leave Vietnam?Despite initial success, the overall result was disappointing for FGL in Vietnam. The losses were mainly due to internal managerial problems that the company experienced whilst operating abroad. Although FGL knew its business and its consumers well, it didn’t know how to translate the knowledge into success when operating in a new environment with different social and governmental conditions.The entry of FGL into the wine industry in early 2000 didn’t help either, as it meant that huge resources were diverted from the core business. The $2.6 billion acquisition of US wine group Beringer in 2000 and the expensive integration of Southcorp (purchased for $3.2 billion in 2005) meant the company had to review its entire strategy (Speedy 2008). The negative impact of these decisions greatly curtailed the company’s ability to expand into other Asian markets.As a result, from 2002 FGL’ s market share began to shrink. In 2006, due to recurring losses, it sold its business in Vietnam to Asia Pacific Breweries (APB) for USD $105 million (Group 2002). As Chairman David Crawford later admitted, FGL had been crippled by paying too much for its acquisitions, especially Southcorp, the company behind the Penfolds and Rosemount brands (Speedy 2008).This resulted in FGL selling its breweries in Da Nang and Tien Gang and its associated local brands to APB, and entering into a licensing agreement for the Fosters brand at a market royalty rate for a finite period. The Fosters Group retained ownership of the brand, and provided brand management and technical support to APB. In addition to producing and distributing Fosters under license in Vietnam, APB then produced Fosters for export across Asia. At that time APB operated 27 breweries in 10 countries in Asia Pacific and was a leading brewer in the region.According to the Chief Executive Officer of FGL at the time, Trevor O’ Hoy, “The Fosters brand has significant potential to expand in Vietnam, given its relatively low current market share. We’re delighted to be partnering with APB, whose brewing and brand management expertise, and powerful distribution network, will drive the future growth of Fosters in Vietnam.”Mr Koh Poh Tiong, Chief Executive Officer, Asia Pacific Breweries Ltd said, “We are pleased to include Fosters in our brand portfolio for Vietnam. In view of the growing base of increasingly affluent Vietnamese consumers who are trading up to more premium beer choices, the Fosters brand is a complementary addition to our premium beer segment that includes Heineken and Tiger.”Whether moving to a licensing agreement with APB was the best strategy is unclear, but perhaps Fosters had no choice. According to Lai Chun Loon, a consultant for Singapore’s Temasek Holdings (Private) Limited, Vietnam in 2004 was the world’s fastest growing beer market. And, Asia Pacific Breweries’ two main brands – Tiger and Heineken – had 85% of the premium beer market, despite the fact that Tiger Beer costs three to four times what some local brews cost.Questions1.How could FGL’ s problems have been minimized during its time in Vietnam?2.What advantages would have been gained from a joint venture with a state –ownedenterprise?3.Discuss some of the most important criteria for potential partner selection in the case ofFGL.4.What are the advantages and disadvantages in setting up a licensing agreement withAPB?References1.Group, FS 2002, Foster’s Vietnam acquisition to double capacity, from.au/mediacentre/ACB36CED0C904F3A8A78BC835A95BB44D.htm 2.Group, FS2006, Foster’s sells brewing interests in Vietnam and India for US$225million, retrieved 2009, from .au/mediacentre/7BDD3A2E59BE4EDB9EC3BFDE835A34C9.htm3.Group, FS 2009, Profile, retrieved 10 May 2009 from.au/about/profile.htm4.Ha Thanh Nguyen, JA & Meyer, KE 2004, “ Managing Partnerships with State – OwnedJoint Venture Companies: Experiences from Vietnam”, Business Strategy Review, 15(1), 39-50.5.International, E 2008, Alcoholic Drinks in Vietnam, from/Alcoholic_Drinks_in_Vietnam.6.Speedy, B 2008, “Foster’s chief drowns in sea of red”, The Australian, from.au/story/0,25197,23844843-643,00.html.。