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人教版高中英语必修5 unit1 过去分词作表语和定语概念引入今天我们要学习过去分词作表语和定语的用法。
先看下面这些句子：1. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.(inspired过去分词作表语；exposed过去分词作定语)2. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.(terrified过去分词作定语)3. He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people.(interested 过去分词作表语)4. From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person died.(affected过去分词作定语)5. He was determined to find out why. （determined过去分词作表语）6. He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London.(polluted过去分词作定语)上面句子中的黑体词都是过去分词，句1（inspired）、句3、句5中的三个词跟在系动词became、was后作表语；而句1（exposed）、句2、句4、句6中的四个词放在名词前或后修饰名词，作定语。
那么过去分词是什么？有什么作用？我们将在本单元和下两个单元中与同学们一起学习。
语法讲解英语中动词如果不作谓语时叫非谓语动词。
Unit1单元语法详解过去分词作定语和表语图解语法过去分词作定语和表语1.过去分词作定语过去分词作定语的位置过去分词作定语的意义现在分词和过去分词作定语的区别2.过去分词作表语用于“主—一系一表”结构中过去分词与被动语态的区别作表语现在分词和过去分词作表语的区别1/ 3归纳语法过去分词，也称动词的-ed形式，是一种非限定动词。
规则动词的-ed形式由动词原形词尾加-ed构成，也有不规则动词变化表。
动词的-ed形式只有一种形式，没有时态和语态的变化。
它在句子中可以充当定语、表语等成分。
一、过去分词作定语1.过去分词作定语时的意义过去分词作定语，强调被动或者完成。
The wind swept the fallen leaves.风刮走了落叶。
Her daughter brought up by me has begun to work.她由我带大的那个女儿已经开始工作了。
fallen leaves 落叶/falling leaves正在飘落的树叶2.过去分词作定语时的位置（1）单个的过去分词作定语，常放在所修饰的词的前面；过去分词短语作定语时，常放在所修饰的词之后，此时，它相当于定语从句。
He told me that this was the wounded soldier.他告诉我这就是那个受伤的士兵。
Don't use words, expressions or phrases known only to people with specific knowledge. 不要使用仅仅有特定知识的人才知晓的单词、词组或短语。
Near the window is a bookshelf filled with books (=which is filled with books).靠近窗户有一个装满书的书架。
2/ 3Most of the students invited to the garden party (=who were invited to the garden party）came from our school.大部分被邀请参加游园会的学生来自我们学校。
过去分词作定语1)语法功能过去分词或过去分词短语作定语时，其功能相当于一个定语从句。
被修饰的词是分词所表示的行为的承受者；在逻辑上，它们是动宾关系。
The stolen bike belongs to Jack. The bike which was stolen belongs to Jack.The lecture given by Professor Zhang is about environment protection.The lecture which was given by Professor Zhang is about the environment protection.a.单个的过去分词作定语时，位于它所修饰的名词或代词前面。
the affected people受感染的人 a broken heart一颗破碎的心a lost dog丧家之犬 a broken glass被打破的玻璃杯Attention：过去分词修饰 something, everything, anything, nothing, somebody, nobody，those 等不定代词时，要放在这些词后面。
Is there anything unsolved?There is noting changed here since I left this town.b. 过去分词短语作定语：通常后置，其作用相当于定语从句。
people exposed to cholera= people who was exposed to cholerathe book recommended by Jack= the book which was recommended by Jackthe machines produced last year= the machines which were produced last yearc. 不及物动词的过去分词作定语时不表被动，只表完成。
人教版高中英语必修5unit1知识讲解过去分词作表语和定语人教版高中英语必修5 unit1 过去分词作表语和定语概念引入今天我们要学习过去分词作表语和定语的用法。
先看下面这些句子：1. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.(inspired过去分词作表语；exposed过去分词作定语)2. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.(terrified过去分词作定语)3. He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people.(interested 过去分词作表语)4. From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person died.(affected过去分词作定语)5. He was determined to find out why. （determined过去分词作表语）6. He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London.(polluted过去分词作定语)上面句子中的黑体词都是过去分词，句1（inspired）、句3、句5中的三个词跟在系动词became、was后作表语；而句1（exposed）、句2、句4、句6中的四个词放在名词前或后修饰名词，作定语。
那么过去分词是什么？有什么作用？我们将在本单元和下两个单元中与同学们一起学习。
过去分词作定语和表语过去分词具有的性质，同时兼有形容词或副词的性质，在句中可以作、、状语和补足语。
定语——在句中修饰词或词的成分。
表语——是谓语的一部分，位于系动词之后，说明主语身份、特征或状态。
1. a retired teacher （）一位退休的教师2. an honored guest （）一位受尊敬的客人3. The library is now closed. （）图书馆现在关门了。
4. You seem frightened. （）你看样子受了惊吓。
一、过去分词作定语修饰名词或代词1、单个的过去分词作定语一般放在名词的前面，过去分词短语作定语通常放在被修饰的词后面.1.The encouraged people are excited.2. The broken cup is thrown away.3. I want to write stories about people addicted to drugs.4. We are studying in a school built 70 years ago.2、有些过去分词作前置定语和后置定语时意义不同。
in the given time （）with the words given（）a concerned look （）the people concerned（）a wanted person （）workers wanted （）3、过去分词修饰something, everything, anything, nothing, somebody, nobody等不定代词或指示代词those时，要放在这些词的后面。
He is one of those invited.Nothing reported (in the newspaper) interested him.使用过去分词作定语要注意：(1)及物动词（vt.）的过去分词，既表示被动意思又表示动作的完成；不及物动词（vi.）的过去分词只表示动作的完成。
必修5 Unit1 Great scientistsPart 1. Warming up1.explain及物动词（vt.）解释;说明;阐明[(+to)][+wh-][+(that)]He explained that he had been cheated. 他解释说他是上当受骗了。
Can you explain how the machine operates?你能解释一下这机器是如何运转的吗?Please explain this rule to me.请给我讲解一下这条规则。
不及物动词（vi.）解释;说明;辩解I've got to explain about it. 我得解释一下此事。
2.characteristicn. 特征；特性Kindness is one of his characteristics.adj. 独特的I heard my friend’s characteristic laugh.be characteristic of sb./sth. 是.....的特性Such bluntness is characteristic of hin. 如此迟钝是他的特性。
3. Who put forward a theory about black holes?put forward 提出（建议等）；提名;提前，把时钟往前拨He put forward a new plan. 他提出一个新计划。
May I put your name forward as a possible chairman of the committee?我能否提名你当委员会主席？[归纳拓展]put down 记下；镇压put out 关掉；熄灭put aside 放在一边；储存；保留put off 推迟；延期put up 建造；举起；张贴put on 穿上put away 收好选词填空（put off, put up, put forward, put aside, put out）①The plan that you _____ at the meeting is wonderful.②Many tall buildings were _____ along the road.③Firefighters have been called to _____ the fire in the city center.④He has a little money to _____ for a rainy day.⑤Don’t _____ until tomorrow what can be done today.Part 2. Pre-reading, reading and comprehending1. Do you know how to prove a new idea in scientific researchhow to prove a new idea 为“疑问词+不定式”结构，该结构可在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。
过去分词做表语过去分词做定语Many thousands ofthere was an outbreak.(He found that it came from the river dirty water from London.(dirty water from1. 过去分词做定语表被动：surprising newssurprised listenersan exciting moviean exciting movieForFor breadfast_______ on his own farm.Martha told me that the ______ plan was put forward by Mr. Zhang at yesterday’s meeting.people’s appearance, characteristics and qualities: phrases:phrases: put forward, draw a conclusion, expose…to…, link…to…, apart…from, (be)strict absorb: [əb'sɔ:b, -'zɔ:b]vt.The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals. (必修5P2-12)(，)reject [ri'd ekt] vt./n.eject[dʒe t]vt./.The Christian Church rejected his theory, saying it wasi t G d’id d l h t d it ld against God’s idea and people who supported it would be attacked. (必修5，P7-26)attend [ə'tend] vt.& vi.John Snow was a famous doctor in London-so expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her deed,t at e atte ded Quee V cto a as e personal physician. (必修5，P2-4)1to go to an event such1.to go to an event such as meetings, church services, universities, classes, etc..She attends class regularly,She attends class regularly, whileservices at my church.bl['bl i]t/ blame ['bleim] vt./n. 注意：construct 建设、修建；instructconclude, conclusion, draw a conclusion;,,challenge : face a challenge; foresee: predict, foretell.总结课后作业I. Fill the form with V-ed1. The book ___________________ (一本农民写的书) is very popular.2. The building _________________(去年建的楼房) now collapsed in the Wenchuan earthquake.3. The problem _________________________(在昨天会议上讨论的) was very difficult to solve.4. The window _________________________(被那个顽皮男孩打破的) is being repaired5. The children ________________________(昨天在医院检查的) were seriously ill.6. The people _________________(暴露在阳光下的) got sun burnt.7. The boy _____________________________(受到老师严厉惩罚的) is now a college student. 8. The water ___________________________(送到他家的水) carried disease.9. The English today is quite different from the English ___________________(300年前所说的).10. Most of the artists___________________ (被邀请去参加聚会的) were from South Africa.11. The students ____________________(受到老师鼓舞的)worked harder than ever before.II. Fill in the blanks with the right words according to sentence meanings.movement, theory, cure, absorb, engine, contribute, control, blame, defeat, reject1. Who is to _____for this road accident?2. It is said that this kind of new medicine can _________ people of heart disease.3 . _________ are to machines what hearts are to animals.4. As we know, exercise _________ to better health.5. The hotel fire was completely under _________ the moment the firemen arrived.6. The need to communicate is a key _________ of human society.7. He seemed totally _________ in that book. When I came in he didn’t notice me at all.8. According to the _________ of relativity, nothing travels faster than light.9. This is the first time that our team has been _________ at basketball match.10. This proposal was firmly _________ at the meeting. 答案：I. 1. written by a peasant2. built yesterday3. discussed at yesterday’s meeting4. broken by that naughty boy5. examined yesterday in the hospital6. exposed in the sun7. blamed/punished severely by the teacher8. brought to his house9. spoken 300 years ago10. invited to the party11. inspired/encouraged by the teacherII. 1. construction2. cure3. Engines4. contributes5. control6. movement7. absorbed8. theory9. defeated10. rejected。
