南开大学2010年英语专业研究生考试基础英语真题

南开大学研究生基础英语考试真题全文共10篇示例，供读者参考篇1Hi there, everyone! Today, I want to share with you the real test questions from the NanKai University Basic English Test for Graduate Students. Sounds pretty serious, right? Don't worry, I'll break it down for you in a fun and easy way!Question 1:What does the word "confident" mean? How can you show confidence in your daily life?Confident means believing in yourself and your abilities. You can show confidence by speaking up in class, trying new things, and standing up for yourself when you believe in something. Remember, you are awesome just the way you are!Question 2:Write a short paragraph about your favorite hobby and explain why you enjoy it.My favorite hobby is playing soccer. I love running around the field with my friends, scoring goals, and getting exercise. It'sso much fun and makes me feel happy and energized. Plus, it's a great way to make new friends and work as a team.Question 3:What is your dream job and why? How will you achieve your dream job in the future?My dream job is to become a scientist and discover new things that can help people. I will achieve my dream by studying hard in school, asking lots of questions, and never giving up. I believe that if I work hard and stay positive, I can make my dream job come true.So, there you have it, the NanKai University Basic English Test for Graduate Students in a nutshell! I hope this helped you understand the questions better and remember, believe in yourself and you can do anything. Good luck with your studies and exams!篇2Title: My Experience in Nanjing University Graduate English ExamHi everyone! Today I want to share my experience in the Nanjing University Graduate English Exam. It was quite an adventure!First, let me tell you about the exam format. There were four parts: listening, reading, writing, and speaking. The listening part was a bit tricky because the speakers spoke really fast! I had to concentrate hard to understand everything they were saying. The reading part was not too bad, but there were some difficult vocabulary words that I had to look up in the dictionary.The writing part was my favorite because I got to express my own ideas. I wrote about my favorite season, which is summer. I love going to the beach and swimming in the ocean. The speaking part was a bit nerve-wracking because I had to talk in front of the examiners. But I think I did pretty well!Overall, the exam was challenging but also fun. I learned a lot of new words and phrases, and I improved my English skills. I'm proud of myself for taking on this challenge and I can't wait to see the results!If you're thinking about taking the Nanjing University Graduate English Exam, I say go for it! It's a great opportunity to test your English skills and challenge yourself. Good luck!篇3Hello everyone, I want to share with you the questions of the Nanjing University Graduate Basic English Exam. The exam was really tough, but I tried my best!Question 1: Rewrite the following sentence in the passive voice: "The teacher gave the students a quiz."Hmm, this one was kinda tricky! I think the answer should be "The students were given a quiz by the teacher."Question 2: Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb: "I _______ (not see) my friend since last week."I remember this one! The answer is "haven't seen." Easy peasy!Question 3: Choose the correct word to complete the sentence: "I have _____ (been / gone) to Paris before."I know this one! The answer is "been." I wish I could go to Paris too!Question 4: Write a short paragraph describing your favorite movie and why you like it.I wrote about my favorite movie "Finding Nemo." I love it because it's about a little fish who goes on a big adventure to find his son. It's funny and exciting!Question 5: Translate the following sentence into English: "."I translated it as "I want to go to the park to play." I love playing in the park!Overall, the exam was challenging, but I did my best. I hope I did well and can pass the test. Thank you for reading my article about the Nanjing University Graduate Basic English Exam!篇4Today, I want to tell you about a super hard test called the "Nankai University Basic English Graduate Entrance Exam". It's like a big challenge for all the big kids who want to go to Nankai University to study more about English.So, this test is not like the easy English tests we take in primary school. It's super serious and you have to know a lot of big, fancy English words. But don't worry, I'll tell you some of the topics they ask about in the exam.First, they ask about reading comprehension. You have to read a big, complicated passage and answer questions about it.You have to really understand what the passage is saying, so you can answer the questions correctly.Then, they ask about vocabulary. You have to know a lot of words and what they mean. Some of the words are really hard, like "discern" or "inconceivable". It's like a big puzzle trying to figure out what all those words mean.Next, they ask about grammar. You have to know all about nouns, verbs, adjectives, and all that stuff. It's like trying to put together a big sentence puzzle. You have to make sure all the pieces fit together perfectly.Finally, they ask about writing. You have to write a big essay about a topic they give you. You have to make sure your grammar is perfect and your ideas are clear and organized. It's like telling a big story with your own words.So, if you want to pass the Nankai University Basic English Graduate Entrance Exam, you have to work really hard and study a lot. But don't worry, I know you can do it! Just practice your English every day and you'll be ready for the big test. Good luck, big kids!篇5Hello everyone! Today I want to talk about the Nanjing University postgraduate basic English exam that I took recently. It was kind of tough, but I managed to get through it!So, the exam had a bunch of different sections. The first part was listening, where they played recordings of people speaking English and we had to answer questions about what they said. It was a bit hard to understand at first, but I tried my best and got some of the answers right.The next part was reading, where we had to read a bunch of passages and answer questions about them. Some of the passages were really long and it was hard to stay focused, but I did my best to read carefully and answer the questions.After that, we had a grammar section where we had to fill in the blanks with the correct words. This part was a bit tricky because English grammar can be really confusing sometimes, but I tried my best to remember all the rules we learned in class.The last part of the exam was writing, where we had to write an essay about a given topic. I had to think really hard about what to write, but I managed to come up with some good ideas and wrote a decent essay.Overall, the exam was pretty challenging, but I think I did okay. I hope I pass and can continue my studies at Nanjing University. Wish me luck!篇6Yo! So today I wanna talk about this super tough exam called the South Open University basic English exam for grad students. It's like a big deal, you know? You gotta be on your A-game to pass this bad boy!So, like, the exam is all about testing your English skills. They wanna see if you can read, write, listen, and speak English like a boss. It's all multiple-choice questions and short answer stuff, so you gotta really know your stuff.They ask you all kinds of things, like grammar rules, vocabulary words, and even some reading comprehension. It's no joke, you gotta study hard if you wanna do well.But hey, don't stress too much! Just take it one question at a time and do your best. And remember, it's not about being perfect, it's about trying your hardest and learning from your mistakes.So yeah, that's the lowdown on the South Open University basic English exam for grad students. It's a tough one, but if you put in the work and stay positive, you got this! Good luck, my dudes!篇7Hi everyone, I want to share with you the questions from the NanKai University Research English Exam, which I just took. It was quite tough, but I tried my best! Here are some of the questions:1. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb:He (study) __________ English for five years.2. Choose the correct answer:I haven’t seen him _____ he left for Japan.A. forB. sinceC. agoD. before3. Write a short paragraph (about 100 words) on the topic "My Favorite Season".My favorite season is summer because I can go swimming and play outside with my friends. I also love eating ice cream and having picnics in the park.4. Translate the following sentence into English:。

目　录
2016年南开大学357英语翻译基础考研真题（回忆版）（含部分答案）
2015年南开大学357英语翻译基础考研真题（回忆版）（含答案）
2014年南开大学357英语翻译基础考研真题（回忆版）（含答案）
2013年南开大学357英语翻译基础考研真题（回忆版）（含答案）
2012年南开大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解
2011年南开大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解
2010年南开大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解
2016年南开大学357英语翻译基础考研真题（回忆版）（含部分答案）一、英汉互译
1．ISO
【答案】国际标准化组织
2．document against acceptance
【答案】承兑交单
3．nuclear disarmament
【答案】核裁军
4．overhead pedestrian walk
【答案】天桥
5．US federal reserve system
【答案】美国联邦储备系统
6．alma mater
【答案】母校
7．leap year
【答案】闰年
8．plead innocent
【答案】无罪答辩
9．B/L
【答案】海上运输提单。

南开大学基础英语考研真题及详解（2011～2012）南开大学2012年基础英语考研真题Part I Vocabulary(本题共20分，每题l分)Fill in the blanks with the words given below:Change the form if necessary.Each word can be used only once.importune stamina efface topography empirical ramshackle gourmet appraise juxtapose consummate fritter covenant vacillate boycott impeach surveillance lurk hanker nepotism kindle1.Her parents left her nothing but a______old farmhouse.2.Police are keeping the area under constant______.3.The administration is still______over the Health Care issue.4.______sometimes occurs in politics.5.A man was______around outside the shop.6.Lucy had always______after a place of her own.7.Nothing could______the indignity of being publicly criticized.8.We______all products tested on animals.9.Scientists are hoping to find______evidence to confirm their theories.10.What he enjoys most in life is delicious food,and he is regarded as a______.11.When colors are______,they become affected in hue.12.The old man was______passers-by for money.13.His ambition was______when he won the first prize.14.The love of poetry was______in him by her teaching.15.You need____________to be a long-distance runner.16.The money was given to us by deed of______.17.The House Judiciary Committee voted that the President should be______.18.They______their pocket-money away on sweets.19.Students should know the______of our country,including the system of rivers,mountains,etc.20.A dealer came to______the furniture.【答案与解析】1.ramshackle ramshackle摇摇欲坠的，东倒西歪的。

目　录2016年南开大学357英语翻译基础考研真题（回忆版）（含部分答案）2015年南开大学357英语翻译基础考研真题（回忆版）（含答案）2014年南开大学357英语翻译基础考研真题（回忆版）（含答案）2013年南开大学357英语翻译基础考研真题（回忆版）（含答案）2012年南开大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解2011年南开大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解2010年南开大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解2016年南开大学357英语翻译基础考研真题（回忆版）（含部分答案）一、英汉互译1．ISO【答案】国际标准化组织2．document against acceptance【答案】承兑交单3．nuclear disarmament【答案】核裁军4．overhead pedestrian walk【答案】天桥5．US federal reserve system【答案】美国联邦储备系统6．alma mater【答案】母校7．leap year【答案】闰年8．plead innocent【答案】无罪答辩9．B/L【答案】海上运输提单10．WHO【答案】世界卫生组织11．紫外线【答案】ultraviolet ray12．食品添加剂【答案】food additives13．摩擦系数【答案】friction coefficient14．亚洲基础设施投资银行【答案】Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank 15．驾驶证【答案】driver license16．民用工业【答案】civil industry17．农历【答案】lunar calendar18．常备军【答案】standing army19．大众传播【答案】Mass Communication20．室内装饰【答案】interior decoration二、段落翻译英译汉：关于戴安娜王妃的简略评价以及穿插了一点查尔斯王子的内容；汉译英：是散文，讲节日的真正含义（把平日因工作和利害关系而分开的人们重聚在一起享受真正的节日）。

南开大学2010年英语专业研究生考试基础英语真题————————————————————————————————作者：————————————————————————————————日期：Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices Marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.1. Sometimes the single building is not particularly historic, but in with other buildings it takes on meaning.A. distinctionB. correlationC. designD. conjunction2. The interior of the concert hall is a feast, with a modem stateliness of line and color reigning throughout.A. remarkableB. visualC. glowingD. delicious3. The accelerated growth of public employment the dramatic expansion of budgets and programs.A. parallelsB. containsC. revolvesD. escapes4. The board of the company has decided to its operation to include all aspects of the clothing business.A. extendB. enlargeC. expandD. amplify5.1 would scribble nil over this book than I would write on a valuable painting.A. rather notB. no moreC. neverD. not6. She will see to it that every Party member ___________ a copy of this document.A. will getB. get C: would get D. gets7. Is it true that those old houses are being pulled down new office blocks?A. to accommodateB. to provide forC. to increaseD. to make room for8. X-rays are able to pass through objects and thus make details that are otherwise impossible to observe.A. it visibleB. visiblyC. visibleD. they are visible9. Western Nebraska generally receives less snow than eastern Nebraska.A. doesB. inC. it does inD. in it does10. A historical novel may do more than mirror history, future events.A. even influencingB. it may even influenceC. may even influenceD. that it may even influencePart II Cloze (10 points)Directions: For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.It has been established beyond a shadow of doubt that readers in general waste a great deal of time and effort. Why is this (1)? Why is it that the poorest readers by (2) standard are often theablest______(3)people? Why is it that the majority of students have very (4) idea of how to tackle __________(5) reading? Why is it that a high (6) of readers—not excluding those ________(7) professional work involves a lot of reading—use a technique that is (8) more advanced than (9) they were children?Or why __________(10) there people—to take an extreme but illuminating_________(11) —who in conversation anddiscussion___________(12) sustain a difficult argument with ease and _________(13) who as readers assimilate only factual information,and__________(14) that with difficulty, so that worthwhile books are virtually_________(15) them? In our opinion, reading presents technical__________(16) of communication that dispose the reader to use (17) methods of assimilation; this, and only__________(18), can provide an adequate__________(19) of why readers___________(20) a class so inefficient..1. A) it2. A) any3. A) competent4. A) little B)soB) theB) sensibleB) goodC)thatC) theirC) inC) highD)kindD) whatD) ofD) low5. A) with6. A) number7. A) qualified8. A) definitely9. A) that10. A) are11. A) case12. A) couldn't13. A) when14. A) even15. A) nothing16. A) problems17. A) proper18. A) that19. A) problem20. A) in B) onB) percentageB) respectableB) hardlyB) whatB) shouldB) illustrationB) alwaysB) fortunatelyB) aboutB) uselessB) questionsB) correctB) thisB) questionB) ofC) theirC) amountC) whoseC) basicallyC) whenC) thoseC) exampleC) seldomC) yetC) didC) beyondC) issuesC) efficientC) itC) wayC) asD) aboutD) rateD) theirD) generallyD) whichD) mustD) pointD) howeverD) contraryD) doesD) overD)contradictionsD) inappropriateD) whichD) explanationD) forPart III. Reading Comprehension (50 points)Section IDirections: There are 3 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or Unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Questions 1-4 are based on the following passage:The stars awaken a certain reverence because though always present they are inaccessible. In fact all natural objects make a similar impression—when the mind h open to their influence. Not even the wisest person can extort from Nature all of her secrets nor exhaust his curiosity by finding out all her perfection. Nature never became a toy to a wise spiritWhen we speak of Nature in this manner, we mean the integrity of expression made manifold by natural objects. The charming landscape which I saw this morning is indubitable made up of some twenty or thirty farms. This field is the property of Miller, that one the property of Locke and that one beyond the wood the property of Manning. But none of them wens the landscape. There is property in the horizon which no man has, but it belongs only to him whose eyes can integrate all the parts. This is the best part of these men's farms. Yet to this their warranty gives no title. The power to produce this delight does not reside in Nature but in humans, or in the harmony of both for Nature is not always decked out in holiday attire. The same scene which yesterday breathed perfume and glittered is overspread with melancholy today, nature always wears the color of the spirit.1 .The phrase "Nature never became a boy to the wise spirit" means which of the following?A. Educated people do not treat nature as Children do.B. Nature will always conquer even the most learned person,C. Nature is unpredictable and human beings cannot understand it.D. A truly wise person does not lose his appreciation of nature.2. The author implies that the difference between farms and the landscape is primarily a matter of__________A. cultivationB. perceptionC. ownershipD. allegiance3. The phrase “color of the spirit” (the last line)means_____________.A. feelings of the observerB. changing seasonsC. weatherD. time of day4. The author uses the word property in the phrase “property in the horizon” to expressA. melancholyB. reverenceC. disbeliefD. ironyPart IV Translation (50 points)Section I.Directions: Translate each of the following passages from English into Chinese. Write your translated Version on the Answer Sheet. Passage One 略Section IIDirections: Translate the following two passages from Chinese into English.Passage One我在一本名叫《西游记》的书里读到关于这只猴子的故事。

南开大学728基础英语2010年硕士研究生入学考试试题南开大学2010年硕士研究生入学考试试题科目：基础英语专业：英语语言文学、外国语言学及应用语言学Part one VocabularyFill in the blanks with the words given below.Change the form if necessary. Eachand even parts of India---that people think of as ___with children.2 If population policy can do little to ___environmental damage, then the human race will have to rely on technology and governance to shift the world’s economy toward cleaner growth.3 Anger is like a(n)___horse. Unless we govern it, we are at its mercy. So we need to learn how to manage anger.4 They are so absorbed in their conversation that they are totally___to what is happening around them.5 When asked whether he gets ___with the industry, he states that he never gets disturbed since he is passionate with what he do and the people that surrounds him.6 Normally, at the beginning of war the spirit of the enemy is keen and irresistible. A certain period later, it will decline and___.7 The trick in fundraiser is to ___money out of p eople who don’t want to give it away.8 The new insurance policy is written without ___or mysterious terms.9 The grand jury ___her for murder.10 He hesitated about climbing such a small,___ladder.11 The chair has the power to ___a meeting. But the power must be exercised for proper purpose.12 American government paid vast ___to farmers to supplement their agricultural activities.13 ____on an island, this group of lions should have died out. Instead, in an evolutionary twist, they’ve learned to swim.14 Tobacco industry gives___support to anti-smoking laws.15___is a particular attitude to the social world, characterized by a distrust of other people.16 China unveiled its plan to double, by 2020, the___income of the 750mpeople in the countryside.17 People weep for him and___him that goes away, for he shall return no more, nor see his native country.18 The more she ___my love, the more it grows.19 They just talked about common practice and the toughest issues were___.20 During the run of TV show Friends, the___of characters all achieved household name celebrity status.Part two Cloze(10分)There are several things about motorcycling that the average citizen dislikes. A cyclist’s__1__has something to do with this dislike. Motorcyclists frequently took dirty ; in fact, they are dirty. On the road there is little to __2__ them from mud, crushed insects, and bird droppings. For practical reasons they often __3__in old clothing which looks much less __4__than the clothing of people who ride in cars. For the same reason motorcyclists usually wear __5__colors. Perhaps this helps to explain why they are sometimes__6__of having evil natures. In old__7__of long ago, evil characters usually wore black. In __8__movies the “bad guys” usually wear black hats,__9__the good guys wear lighter colors.And the machine itself also produces anger and fear. Motorcycles are noisier, though some trucks are even noisier. But trucks are big and carry heavy__10__.1 A behaviour B appearance C manner D attitude2 A protect B prevent C keep D restrain3 A clad B put on C wear D dress4 A respected B respective C respectable D respectful5 A black B dark C light D dull6 A thought B aware C suspected D capable7 A plays B stories C times D sayings8 A comic B light C horror D cowboy9 A as B when C though D while10 A goods B weights loads D dutiesPart three Reading Comprehension (50分)Question 1-7 are based on the following passageThe first peoples to inhabit what today is the southeastern United States sustained themselves as hunter and gathers. Sometimes early in the first millennium A.D., however, they began to cultivate corn and other crops. Gradually, as they became more skilled at gardening, they settled into permanent villages and developed a rich culture, characterized by the great earthen mounds they erected as monuments to their gods and as tombs for their distinguished dead. Most of these early mound builders were part of the Adena-Hopewell culture, which had its beginning near the Ohio River and takes its name from sites in Ohio. The culture spread southward into the present-day states of Louisiana, Alabama, Georgia, and Florida. Its peoples became great traders, bartering jewellery, pottery, animal pelts, tools, and other goods along extensive trading networks that stretched up and down eastern North America and as far west as the Rocky Mountains.About A.D.400, the Hopewell culture fell into decay. Over the next centuries, it was supplanted by another culture, the Mississippian, named after the river along which many of its earliest villages were located. This complex civilization dominated the Southeast from about A.D. 700 until shortly before the European began arriving in the sixteenth century. At the peak of its strength, about the year 1200, it was the most advanced culture in North America. Like their Hopewell predecessors, the Mississippians became highly skilled at growing food, although on a grander scale. They developed an improved strain of corn, which could survive in wet soil and a relatively cool climate, and also learned to cultivate beans. Instead, agriculture became so important to the Mississippians that it became closely associated with the Sun—the guarantor of good crops. Many tribes called themselves “children of the Sun” and believed their omnipotent priest-chiefs were descendants of the great sun god.Although most Mississippian lived in small villages, many others inhabited large towns. Most of these towns boasted at least one major flat-topped mound on which stood a temple that contained a sacred flame. Only priests and those charged with guarding the flame could enter the temples. The mounds also served as ceremonial and trading sites, and at times they were used as burial grounds.1 What does the passage mainly discuss?A The development of agricultureB the locations of towns and villagesC The early people and cultures of the United StatesD The construction of burial mounds2 Which of the following resulted from the rise of agriculture in the southeastern Unites States?A The development of trade in North AmericaB The establishment of permanent settlementsC Conflicts with other Native American groups over landD A migration of these peoples to the Rocky Mountains.3 The word “bartering” in paragraph1 is closest in meaning toA producingB exchangingC transportingD loading4 The word “supplanted” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning toA conqueredB precededC replacedD imitated5 According to the passage, how did the agriculture of the Mississippians differ from that of their Hopewell predecessors?A The Mississippians produced more durable and larger crops of foodB The Mississippians sold their food to other groupsC The Mississippians could only grow plants in warm, dry climatesD The Mississippians produced special foods for their religious leaders.6 Why does the author mention that many Mississippians tribes called themselves “children of the Sun”(paragraph 2)A To explain why they were obedient to their priest-chiefsB To argue about the importance of religion in their cultureC To illustrate the great importance they placed on agriculture.D To provide an example of their religious rituals.7 The phrase “charged with ” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning toA passed onB experienced atC interested inD assigned toQuestion 8-15 are based on the following passageThe cities in the United States have been the most visible sponsors and beneficiaries of projects that place art in public places. They have shown exceptional imagination in applying the diverse forms of contemporary art to a wide variety of purposes. The activities observed in a number of “pioneer’ cities sponsoring art in pubic places----a broadening exploration of public sites, an increasing awareness among both sponsors and the public of the varieties of contemporary artistic practice, and a growing public enthusiasm----are increasingly characteristic of cites across the country. With many cites now undergoing renewed development, opportunities are continuously emerging for the inclusion or art in new or renewed public environments, including building, plazas, parks, and transportation facilities. The result of these activities is a group of artwork that reflect the diversity of contemporary art and the varying character and goals of the sponsoring communities.In sculpture, the projects range from a cartoon-like Mermaid in Miami Beach by Roy Lichtenstein to a small forest planted in New York City by Alan Sonfist. The use of mutals followed quickly upon the use of sculpture and has brought to public sites the work of artists as different as the realist Thomas Hart Benton and the Pop artist Robert Rauschenberg. The specialized requirements of particular urban situations have further expanded the use of art in public places: in Memphis, sculptor Richard Hunt has created a monument to Martin Luther King, Jr., who was slain there, in New York, Dan flavin and Bill Brand have contributed neon and animation works to the enhancement of mass transit facilities. And in numerous cities, art is being raised as a symbol of the commitment to revitalize urban areas.By continuing to sponsor projects involving a growing body of art in public places, cities will certainly enlarge the situation in which the public encounters and grows familiar with the various forms of contemporary art. Indeed, cities are providing artists with an opportunity to communicate with a new and broader audience. Artists are recognizing the distinction between public and private spaces, and taking that into account when executing their public commissions. They are working in new, often more durable media, and on an unaccustomed scale.8 What is the passage mainly about?A The influence of art on urban architecture in United States cities.B The growth of public art in United States cities.C The increase in public appreciation of art in the United StatesD The differences between public art in Europe and the United States9 All of the following are mentioned in paragraph 1 as results of the trend toward installing contemporary art in public places in the United States EXCEPTA the transfer of artwork from private to public sitesB artworks that represent a city’s special characterC greater interest in art by the American publicD a broader understanding of the varieties of contemporary art10 According to the passage, new settings for public art are appearing as a result ofA communities that are building more art museumsB artists who are moving to urban areasC urban development and renewalD an increase in the number of artists in the Unites States11 The author mentions Roy Lichtenstein and Alan Sonfist in Paragraph 2 in order toA show that certain artist are famous mostly for their public artB introduce the subject of unusual works of artC demonstrate the diversity of artworks displayed in publicD contrast the cities of Miami Beach and New York12 It can be inferred from the passage that the city of Memphis sponsored a work by Richard Hunt because the city authorities believed thatA the sculpture would symbolize the urban renewal of Memphis.B Memphis was an appropriate place for a memorial to Martin Luther King, JrC the artwork would promote Memphis as a center for the artsD the sculpture would provide a positive example to other artists13 The word “revitalize” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning toA show the importance ofB promise to enlargeC bring new life toD provide artworks for14 The word “executing” in line paragraph 3 is closest in meaning toA judgingB sellingC explainingD producing15 According to paragraph 3, artists who work on public art projects are doing all of the following EXCEPTA creating artworks that are unusual in sizeB raising funds to sponsor various public projectsC exposing a large number of people to works of art.D using new materials that are long-lastingQuestion 16-20 are based on the following passageTaking charge of yourself involves putting to rest some very prevalent myths. At the top of the list is the notion that intelligence is measured by your ability to solve complex problems: to read, write and compute at certain levels, and to resolve abstract equations quickly. This vision of intelligence asserts formal education and bookish excellence as the true measures of self-fulfillment. It encourages a kind of intellectual prejudice that has brought with it some discouraging results. We have come to believe that someone who has more education merit badges, who is very good at some form of school discipline is “intelligent”. Yet mental hospitals are filled with patients who have all of the properly lettered certificates. A true indicator of intelligence is an effective, happy life lived each day and each present moment of everyday.If you are happy, if you live each moment for everything it’s worth, then you are an intelligent person. Problem solving is a useful help to your happiness, but if you know that given your inability to resolve a particular concern you can still choose happiness for yourself, or at a minimum refuse to choose unhappiness, then you are intelligent. You are intelligent because you have the ultimate weapon against the big N.B.D-Nervous Break Down.“Intelligent” people do not have N.B.D.’s because they are in charge of themselves. They know how to choose happiness over depression, because they know how to deal with the problems of their lives. The life struggles are pretty much the same for each of us. Everyone who is involved with other human beings in any social context has similar difficulties. Disagreements, conflicts and compromises are a part of what it means to be human. Similarly, money, growing old, sickness, deaths natural disasters and accidents are all events which present problems to virtually all human beings. But some people are able to make it, to avoid immobilizing depression and unhappiness despite such occurrences, while others collapse or have an N.B.D. Those who recognize problems as a human condition and don’t measure happiness by an absence of problems are the most intelligent kind of humans we know; also, the most rare.16 According to the author, the conventional notion of intelligence measured in terms of one’s ability to read, write and compute____A is a widely held but wrong conceptB will help eliminate intellectual prejudiceC is the root of all mental distressD will contribute to all mental distress17 It is implied in the passage that holding a university degreeA may result in one’s inability to solve complex real-life problemsB does not indicate one’s ability to write properly worded documentsC may make one mentally sick and physically weakD does not mean that one is highly intelligent18 The author thinks that an intelligent person knowsA how to put up with some very prevalent mythsB how to find the best way to achieve success in lifeC how to avoid depression and make his life worthwhileD how to persuade others to compromise19 In the last paragraph, the author tells us thatA difficulties are but part of everyone’s lifeB depression and unhappiness are unavoidable in lifeC everybody should learn to avoid trying circumstancesD good feelings can contribute to eventual academic excellence20 According to the passage, what kinds of people are rare?A Those who don’t emphasize bookish excellence in their pursuit of happinessB Those who are aware of difficulties in life but know how to avoid unhappinessC Those who measure happiness by an absence of problems but seldom suffer form N.B.D.’s.D Those who are able to secure happiness though having to struggle against trying circumstances.Part four Translation(50分)1 Translate the following passage into Chinese (20分)A：All humans face a serious social and political challenge in the modern world: Living in two different worlds of exchange at once, the worlds of personal and impersonal exchange. It is impossible to understand how these two worlds relate, and to discuss human and resource diversity play such a huge role in the extend order of impersonal cooperation through markets. Commodity and service markets are the foundation of wealth recreation. Stock markets serve by supplying capital for new consumer products explains why they are inherently uncertain, unpredictable, volatile, and, given investor behaviour, why they tend to bubble and crash. World stock markets must anticipate innovations----the new commodities and services of the future.B:Public awareness of the environment has created a surge of interest in home gardening and urban horticultures and has led to the increased use of landscaping to modify the functional and aesthetic aspects of the surroundings. People in every walk of life are becoming more interested in plants, in the environment, and in quality food for better health. Whether it be for homes, business, or recreational facilities, this awareness has created a demand for homes, business, or recreational facilities, this awareness has created a demand for horticultural products that make a more natural, pleasing, and functional environment. Almost every home or business has potted plants, shrubs, and trees in the landscape, and sometime fruit and vegetable gardens. The horticulture industry and related industries play an important role in preserving and enhancing the beauty and productivity of the environment. Gardening ---whether backyard or balcony----fills a heretofore unmeet need. The growing of, plants is both therapeuticand recreational in nature.2 Translate the following passages into English. (30分)A:天津是我国北方重要经济中心，现代化港口大都市。

目　录2004年南开大学外国语学院应用语言学真题及详解2005年南开大学外国语学院应用语言学真题及详解2006年南开大学外国语学院应用语言学真题及详解2007年南开大学外国语学院专业英语真题及详解2008年南开大学外国语学院857语言学基础真题及详解2009年南开大学外国语学院857语言学基础真题及详解2010年南开大学外国语学院904语言学基础真题及详解2011年南开大学外国语学院866语言学基础真题及详解2012年南开大学外国语学院883语言学基础真题及详解2004年南开大学外国语学院应用语言学真题及详解考试科目：应用语言学I. Illustrate each of the following terms briefly. (45 points)1． prescriptive linguistics【答案】Prescriptive linguistics: the linguistics that tries to lay down rules for “correct” behaviors. It seeks to tell people how language ought to be used by those who wish to use it.2． Displacement【答案】Displacement: Language can be used to refer to what is present, what is absent, what happens at present, what happened in the past, what will happen in the future or what happens in a far-away place. This property of language enables language users to overcome the barriers caused by time and place. For example, we can talk about Sapir, who is already dead; we can even talk about next week, which is in the future.3．IPA【答案】IPA: the abbreviation of International Phonetic Alphabet, which is devised by the International Phonetic Association in 1888. IPA is a set of symbols which can be used to represent the phones and phonemes of natural languages.4．suprasegmental【答案】Suprasegmental: aspects of speech that involve more than single sound segments. The principle Suprasegmental features are syllable, stress, tone, and intonation.5．blendings【答案】Blending is a process in which two words are blended by joining the initial part of the first word and the final part of the second word, or byjoining the initial parts of the two words. For example, the word “smog” is blended from “smoke” and “fog”.6．denotation【答案】Denotation: the core sense of a word or a phrase that relates it to phenomena in the real world. In the case of linguistic signs, the denotative meaning is what the dictionary attempts to provide. It is the literal meaning of a word, the dictionary meaning, opposite to connotation.7．hyponymy【答案】Hyponymy. It refers to the sense relationship between a more general, more inclusive and a more specific word. The word which is more general in meaning is called the superordinate, and the more specific words are called its hyponyms. For example, the hyponymy relationship could be established between “animal” and “rabbit”.8．stem【答案】A stem is any morpheme or combination of morphemes to which an inflectional affix can be added. For example, “friend-” in friends, and “friendship-” in friendships are both stems. The former shows that a stem can be equivalent to a root, whereas the latter shows that a stem may contain a root and a derivational affix.9．inflectional morpheme【答案】Inflectional morpheme: It is also called inflectional affixes, which attaches to the end of words Inflectional affixes and only add a minute or delicate grammatical meaning to the stem. The plural suffix is a typical example of this kind.10．back-formation【答案】It refers to an abnormal type of word-formation where a shorter word is derived by deleting an imagined affix from a longer form already in the language. For example, from “editor” the word “edit” was generated.11．c-command【答案】C-command: A c-commands B if and only if: 1) A does not dominate B and B does not dominate A; 2) The first branching dominating A also dominates B.12．Sapir-Whorf hypothesis【答案】Sapir-Whorf hypothesis consists of two parts: linguistic determinism and linguistic relativity. Linguistic determinism refers to the notion that a language determines certain nonlinguistic cognitive processes. Different languages offer people different ways of expressing around, they think and speak differently. Linguistic relativity refers to the claim that the cognitive processes that are determined are different for different languages. Thus, speakers of different languages are said to think in different ways. The hypothesis is now interpreted mainly in two different ways: a strong version and a weak one. The strong version believes that the language patterns determine people’s thinking and behavior; the weak one holds that the former influence the later. So far, many researches and experiments conducted provide support to the weak version.13．context of situation【答案】Context of situation: It refers to the linguistic and situational environment in which a word, utterance or text occurs. The meaning of utterances, etc., is determined not only by the literal meaning of the words used but also by the context or situation in which they occur.14．corpus linguistics【答案】Corpus linguistics: an approach to investigating language structure and use through the analysis of large databases to real language examples stored on computer. Issues amenable to corpus linguistics include the meanings of words across registers, the distribution and function of grammatical forms and categories, the investigation of lexico-grammatical associations, and issues in language acquisition and development. 15．CALL【答案】CALL: It is the abbreviation of computer-assisted language learning, which refers to the use of a computer in the teaching or learning of a second or foreign language. In this kind of CALL programs, the computer leads the student through a learning task step-by-step, asking questions to check comprehension. Depending on the student’s response, the computer gives the student further practice or progresses to new material.II. Name each of the following IPA symbols. (10 points)1．[]【答案】voiceless postalveolar fricative2．[j]【答案】palatal approximant3．【答案】glottal plosive4．[w]【答案】bilabial approximant5．[x]【答案】voiceless velar fricative6．[υ]【答案】high back lax rounded vowel7．[æ]【答案】low front lax unrounded vowel8．[p]【答案】voiceless bilabial plosive9．【答案】voiceless aspirated affricate10．[d]【答案】voiced post-alveolar affricateIII. Read each of the following statements carefully and decide whether it is true or false. (10 points)1．Odgen and Richards argue that the relation between a word and a thing it refers to is not direct.【答案】T【解析】本题考查语义三角理论。

2010年南开大学翻译硕士英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. V ocabulary 2. Reading Comprehension 3. WritingV ocabulary1．Many Americans think a national committee should be formed to discuss ______ to existing mass transit system.A．alterationsB．alternationsC．attendantsD．alternatives正确答案：A解析：alterations变更，修改。

alternations间隔；轮流，交替。

attendants出席者；随从。

alternatives选择；供选择的东西。

2．Thank you for applying for a position with our firm. We do not have any openings at this time, but we shall keep your application on ______ for two months.A．pileB．segmentC．sequenceD．file正确答案：D解析：file文件；档案。

on file存档，记录下来备查。

pile大量；一堆。

segment 部分；切片；部门；线段。

sequence序列；顺序。

3．The oxygen equipment made it possible for the climbers to rest and sleep at very high ______.A．latitudeB．altitudeC．levelD．hemisphere正确答案：B解析：altitude高度；高处；海拔。

latitude纬度，纬度地区。

level水平；标准。

hemisphere半球。

1.3考研真题与典型题详解I. Fill in the blanks. 1. The features that define our human languages can be called ______ features. (北二外2006研)2. Linguistics is usually defined as the ______study of language. (北二外2003研)3. Language, broadly speaking, is a means of______ communication.4. In any language words can be used in new ways to mean new things and can be combined into innumerable sentences ba sed on limited rules. This feature is usually termed______5. Linguistics is the scientific study of______.6. Modern linguistic is______ in the sense that the linguist tries to discover what language is rather than lay down some rul es for people to observe.7. One general principle of linguistic analysis is the primacy of ______ over writing.8. The branch of linguistics which studies the sound patterns of a language is called ______. (北二外2003研)9. The branch of grammar which studies the internal structure of words is called______. (北二外2004研)10. ______mainly studies the characteristics of speech sounds and provides methods for their description, classification and transcription. (北二外2005研)11. Semantics and ______investigate different aspects of linguistic meaning. (北二外2007研)12. In linguistics, ______ refers to the study of the rules governing the way words are combined to form sentences in a lang uage, or simply, the study of the formation as sentence. (中山大学2008研)13. ______can be defined as the study of language in use. Sociolinguistics, on the other hand, attempts to show the relations hip between language and society.14. The branch of grammar which studies the internal structure of sentence is called _______. (北二外2008研)15. Saussure distinguished the linguistic competence of the speaker and the actual phenomena or data of linguistics (utteran ces) as and . The former refers to the abstract linguisticlinguistic system shared by all the members of a speech community, and the latter is the concrete manifestation of language either through speech or through writing. (人大2006研)16. The description of a language as it changes through time is a ______ study.17. Linguistic potential is similar to Saussure’s langue and Cho msky’s______.18. One of the important distinctions in linguistics is ______ and parole. The former is the French word for “language”, whi ch is the abstract knowledge necessary for speaking，listening，writing and reading. The latter is concerned about the actual use of language by people in speech or writing. Parole is more variable and may change according to contextual factors.19. One of the important distinctions in linguistics is and performance. (人大2006研)20. Chomsky initiated the distinction between ______ and performances. (北二外2007研)II. Multiple Choice1.Which of the following is NOT a frequently discussed design feature? (大连外国语学院2008研)A. ArbitrarinessB. ConventionC. Duality2.Which of the following words is entirely arbitrary? (西安交大2008研)A. treeB. crashC. typewriterD. bang3. A linguist regards the changes in language and languages use as______.A. unnaturalB. something to be fearedC. naturalD. abnormal4. Which of the following property of language enables language users to overcome the barriers caused by time and place, d ue to this feature of language, speakers of a language are free to talk about anything in any situation? A. Transferability.B. Duality.C. Displacement.D. Arbitrariness:5. The study of physical properties of the sounds produced in speech is closely connected with______. (大连外国语学院2008研)A. articulatory phoneticsB. acoustic phoneticsC. auditory phonetics6. Which of the following statements is true of Jacobson’s framework of language functions?A. The referential function is to indulge in language for its own sake.B. The emotive function is to convey message and inf ormation.C. The conative function is to clear up intentions, words and meanings.D. The phatic function is to establish communion w ith others.7.Which of the following is a main branch of linguistics? (大连外国语学院2008研)A. MacrolinguisticsB. PsycholinguisticsC. Sociolinguistics8. ______ refers to the system of a language, i. e. the arrangement of sounds and words which speakers of a language have a shared knowledge of. (西安外国语学院2006研)A. LangueB. CompetenceC. Communicative competenceD. Linguistic potential9.The study of language at one point in time is a _______ study. (北二外2010研)A. historicalB. synchronicC. descriptiveD. diachronic10. “An refer to Confucius even though he was dead 2,000 years ago. ” This shows that language has the design feature of _ ____.A. arbitrarinessB. creativityC. dualityD. displacement11. The function of the sentence “Water boils at 100 degree Centigrade” is .A. interrogativeB. directiveC. informativeD. performative 12.Saussure is closely connected with______. (大连外国语学院2008研) A. Langue B. Competence C. EticIII. True or False1. Onomatopoeic words can show the arbitrary nature of language. (清华2000研)2. Competence and performance refer respectively to a language user’s underlying knowledge about the system of rules and the actual use of language in concrete situations.3. Language is a means of verbal communication. Therefore, the communication way used by the deaf-mute is not language4. Arbitrariness of language makes it potentially creative, and conventionality of language makes a language be passed from generation to generation. As a foreign language learner, the latter is mere important for us.5. The features that define our human languages can be called DESIGN FEATURES. (大连外国语学院2008研)6. By diachronic study we mean to study the changes and development of language.7. Langue is relatively stable and systematic while parole is subject to personal and situational constraints.8. Language change is universal, ongoing and arbitrary.9. In language classrooms nowadays the grammar taught to students is basically descriptive, and more attention is paid to the developing learners’ communicative skills.10. Language is a system of arbitrary, written signs which permit all the people in a given culture, or other people who have learned the system of that culture, to communicate or interact.11. Saussure’s exposition of synchronic analysis led to the school of historical linguistics.12. Applied linguistics is the application of linguistic principles and theories to language teaching and learning.13. Wherever humans exist, language exists. (对外经贸2006研)14. Historical linguistics equals to the study of synchronic study.15. Duality is one of the characteristics of human language. It refers to the fact that language has two levels of structures: the system of sounds and the system of meanings.16. Prescriptive linguistics is more popular than descriptive linguistics, because it can tell us how to speak correct language. IV. Explain the following terms.1.Duality (北二外2010研；南开大学2010研)2.Design featurespetence4.Displacement (南开大学2010研；清华2001研)5.Diachronic linguistics6. Descriptive linguistics7.Arbitrariness(四川大学2006研)V. Short answer questions1. Briefly explain what phonetics and phonology are concerned with and what kind of relationships hold between the two. (北外2002研)参考答案及解析I.Fill in the blanks.1.Design (人类语言区别于其他动物交流系统的特点是语言的区别特征，是人类语言特有的特征。

[考研类试卷]2010年南开大学英语专业（语言学）真题试卷一、名词解释1 historical linguistics2 coarticulation3 complementary distribution4 inflectional affix5 semantic broadening6 logical form7 psycholinguistics8 syllabus9 performative act10 interlanguage二、音标题11 The typical format of a phonological rule is given asA→B/X______YYou are required to write out the structural description(SD)and the structuralchange(SC)of the rule.12 Linking-r in British RPThe phenomenon of linking-r in British RP is illustrated by the data given below:You are required to develop an analysis into the phenomenon of linking-r, based on the data given above. Illustrate your analysis with the words bar and barring.(Hint: underlying representation and phonological rules are relevant to your analysis.)13 Each of the following columns illustrates a different morphological process in English:You are required to name the type of morphological process at work in Column 1, Column 2, Column 3 and Column 4, respectively.14 State the most obvious differences between compounds and verb phrases in English. Compounds Verb Phrasesfoot-warmers [I]warmed my feetman-eating [She]eats an applebrainwash [He was]washing disheshaircut [The boy]cuts a piece of paper三、简答题15 The following phrases include a head, a complement and(in some cases)a specifier. Draw the appropriate tree diagram with labels indicating these categories for each phrase.(1)[into the house]PP(3)[perhaps earned the money]VP (2)[full of mistakes]AP(4)[that argument with Owen]NP16 Give the deep structure of the sentence What can the boy sit on?, and transform the deep structure of the sentence into its surface structure, using two diagrams to demonstrate the process of transformation.17 The following sentences are semantically ambiguous:(A)Peter saw the lady when she was near the bank.(B)The captain met wealthy men and women.You are required to point out the source of semantic ambiguity for each sentence.18 If you ask somebody "Can you open the door?" and he answers "Yes" but does not actually do it, what would be your reaction? Why? Try to explain it in the light of Speech Act Theory.19 How do you understand the cancellability of conversational implicature?20 In what ways can linguistics contribute to language learning research?21 In your understanding what roles do corpus data play in language studies? Part V22 State about ONE of the two topics given below(minimally 200 words).The main features of generative linguistics.23 Linguistics ideas of special importance developed in the Prague School.。