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新编汉英翻译教程答案新编汉英翻译教程答案【篇一：(新编汉英翻译教程第二版)第二章汉英翻译基础知识】xt>1.探春笑道：“只恐又是你的杜撰。
”宝玉笑道：“除《四书》外，杜撰的太多，偏只我是杜撰不成?”“youre making that up, im afraid,” teased tan chun. “most works, apart from the four books, are made up; am i the only one who made things up?” he retorted with a grin.2.贾母笑道：“你不认得他，他是我们这里有名的一个泼皮破落户儿，南省俗谓作‘辣子’，你只叫他‘凤辣子’就是了。
”“you dont know her, ”said grandmother jia merrily. “shes aholy terror this one. what we used to call in nanking a‘peppercorn’. you just call her ‘peppercorn feng’. shell know who you mean!” (david hawkes 译)3.贾母笑道：“外客未见，就脱了衣裳，还不去见你妹妹!” witha smile at pao-yu, the lady dowager s colded, “fancy changing your clothes before greeting our visitor. hurry up now and pay your respects to your cousin.”4.贾母笑道：“可又是胡说，你又何曾见过他?”“youre talking nonsense again,” said his grandmother, laughing. “how could you possibly have met her?”5.他是只狡猾的老狐狸。
1.What is the nature of translation?●The nature of translation is paraphrasing，or transferring the original（source language ——SL) meaning to the target language (TL)。
●Translation is always meaning-based。
2.What is the most influential and most popular criterion of translation inChina? P.3●pressiveness and elegance (“信、达、雅") –a most influential and mostpopular criterion of translation– that is first advocated by Yan Fu (严复)。
3.What is the criterion of CET adopted in this course—book by Chen Hongweiand Li Yadan? P。
5/7●“Similarity in function and corresponding in meaning” （功能相似,语义相符）is what is adopted as the Criteria of CET in this course-book by Chen Hongwei and Li Yadan.4.What types of culture are there？●There are 3 types of“culture” defined by 邢福义，which are：materialculture，institutional culture and mental culture。
新编汉英翻译教程陈宏薇第2版考研练习题库陈宏薇《新编汉英翻译教程》（第2版）配套题库（含考研真题）目录第1章绪论第2章汉英翻译基础知识第3章词语的英译3.1 词语指称意义和蕴含意义的确定3.2 词语英译与文化环境3.3 “假朋友”的识别3.4 成语和四字格的英译第4章句子的英译4.1 主语的确定4.2 谓语的确定与主谓一致问题4.3 语序的调整4.4 否定句的英译4.5 句子功能的再现第5章句群与段落的英译5.1 句群内的衔接与连贯5.2 段落翻译第6章篇章的英译6.1 广告文本的英译6.2 新闻文本的英译6.3 科技文本的英译6.4 说明性文本的英译6.5 歌词文本的英译6.6 文学文本的英译•试看部分内容绪论Ⅰ. 填空题1. 按照文本类型来分，翻译可分为_____、_____、_____、_____。
【答案】文学翻译；科技翻译；新闻翻译；应用文翻译查看答案【解析】根据书中所述，文本的类型概括起来有小说、诗歌、戏剧等文学文本，科技报告、科技论文等科技文本，新闻报道、通讯、社论、特写等新闻文本，广告、合同、产品说明书等应用文本。
2. 就翻译方式而言，主要有_____、_____、_____，其中_____是翻译最基本的方式。
【答案】全译；摘译；编译；全译查看答案【解析】全译，指全文翻译，为翻译最基本的方式。
摘译，指根据特定目的，选取、翻译原文的一部分，从而使译入语读者更快地获得所需源语文本中的信息。
编译为“编辑”和“翻译”的结合。
3. 汉语和英语均具有的语言层级为_____、_____、_____、_____、_____。
【答案】词；短语；句子；段落；篇章查看答案【解析】翻译单位是翻译研究和学习翻译不可忽视的问题，因为涉及到两种语言在什么层级上进行转换的问题。
汉英两种语言均有的语言层级为词（wo rd）、短语（ph rase）、句子（sen tence）、段落（p aragraph）和篇章（text）。
3.3“假朋友”的识别对下列“假朋友”进行改译。
1.不冻港nonfreezing port【改译】ice-free port2.你真是个猪头。
You are so pigheaded.【改译】You are a big fool.【解析】题干给出的pigheaded意为“固执的”。
3.黑点black spot【改译】black dot【解析】black spot指“交通事故多发地段”。
4.流动资金circulating funds【改译】working capital5.新闻照片news photo【改译】press photo6.慢车slow train【改译】local train7.自学self-learn【改译】self-taught8.寒衣cold clothes【改译】warm clothes9.复习备考to prepare the test【改译】to study/prepare for the test【解析】to prepare the test意为“出考卷”。
10.大人big man【改译】adult【解析】big man指“大人物、要人”。
11.空军学校The School of the Air【改译】Air Force Academy【解析】The School of the Air指广播学校（即通过电台对各地学生授课的学校）。
12.宰客slaughter customers【改译】swindle money from customers13.（电脑）死机system dead【改译】system halted14.彩票colorful tickets【改译】lottery15.风凉话cold word【改译】irresponsible and sarcastic remarks16.抓紧时间grasp time firmly【改译】make the best use of time17.大龄青年old youth【改译】single youth above the normal matrimonial age18.扣帽子put a hat on【改译】put a label on19.赢得市场gain market【改译】gain a larger share of the market20.定向培训training for certain direction【改译】training for specific posts21.口水mouth water【改译】saliva22.洗牌to wash the playing cards【改译】to shuffle the playing cards23.白酒white wine【改译】spirits/liquor24.大片big movie【改译】blockbuster25.长镜头long lens【改译】zoom lens26.提高英语水平raise the level of one’s English 【改译】improve one’s English27.密码secret code【改译】password28.不冻港non-freezing port【改译】ice-free port29.红酒red liquor【改译】wine30.黄色书籍yellow book【改译】blue book/pornography【解析】题干给出的“yellow book”意为“黄皮书”（法国政府报告书，以黄纸为封），是一个非正式用词。
陈宏薇《新编汉英翻译教程》（第2版）教材的配套题库（绪论）【圣才出品】第1章绪论Ⅰ.填空题1.按照⽂本类型来分，翻译可分为_____、_____、_____、_____。
【答案】⽂学翻译；科技翻译；新闻翻译；应⽤⽂翻译【解析】根据书中所述，⽂本的类型概括起来有⼩说、诗歌、戏剧等⽂学⽂本，科技报告、科技论⽂等科技⽂本，新闻报道、通讯、社论、特写等新闻⽂本，⼴告、合同、产品说明书等应⽤⽂本。
2.就翻译⽅式⽽⾔，主要有_____、_____、_____，其中_____是翻译最基本的⽅式。
【答案】全译；摘译；编译；全译【解析】全译，指全⽂翻译，为翻译最基本的⽅式。
摘译，指根据特定⽬的，选取、翻译原⽂的⼀部分，从⽽使译⼊语读者更快地获得所需源语⽂本中的信息。
编译为“编辑”和“翻译”的结合。
3.汉语和英语均具有的语⾔层级为_____、_____、_____、_____、_____。
【答案】词；短语；句⼦；段落；篇章【解析】翻译单位是翻译研究和学习翻译不可忽视的问题，因为涉及到两种语⾔在什么层级上进⾏转换的问题。
汉英两种语⾔均有的语⾔层级为词（word）、短语（phrase）、句⼦（sentence）、段落（paragraph）和篇章（text）。
其中，篇章是最理想的翻译单位。
4._____是能独⽴运⽤的最⼩语法单位，_____是词与词组合⽽成的语法单位。
【答案】词；短语【解析】需要注意的是，由于汉英两种语⾔分属不同的语系，在语⾔⽂化特别是句法结构和思维模式上的差异⽐较⼤，因此以词或短语为翻译单位⾏不通。
5.对于初学者来说，_____是较为理想的翻译单位。
【答案】句⼦【解析】句⼦可以表达完整的意思，可以通过语调来表⽰陈述、疑问、感叹等语⽓，同时句⼦末段会有显著的停顿符号。
这些使得汉语中的句⼦⽐较容易辨识，容易分析，在翻译时较容易转变句⼦结构，使译⽂符合英⽂的句⼦结构。
因此，对于初学者来说，与词、短语或篇章相⽐，句⼦是更为理想的翻译单位。
4.5句子功能的再现将下列句子译成英语。
1.我家门前有些摆摊儿的，都是生意人。
大凡生意人都懂得“一步差三市”的道理。
就是说，别看你的店只和人家差了三步，但景气的程度要差了很多，许多人家的铺子红火热闹，你的铺子却开不了张。
【译文】In front of my house there are a few stalls run by street vendors.Street vendors all know the popular saying:“Locations make a difference in business.”That is to say,even if your stall stands side by side with someone else’s in the neighbourhood,your neighbour may attract a constant stream of shoppers,but yours,unfortunately,is visited by few.【解析】翻译陈述句时，一方面要使译文与原文信息功能相似、意义相符，一方面确保译文语言遵循译入语的语法和表达习惯。
2.这一次，我去了许多新地方，看见了许多新朋友。
(巴金《朋友》）【译文】I visited many new places and met many new friends on my recent trip.3.过铁路时，他先将橘子散放在地上，自己慢慢爬下，再抱起橘子走。
(朱自清《背影》）【译文】In crossing the railway track,he first put the tangerines on the ground, climbed down slowly and then picked them up again.4.我不打麻将，我不经常听戏看电影，几年中难得一次，我不长时间看电视，通常只看半个小时，我也不串门子闲聊天。
1.What is the nature of translation?●The nature of translation is paraphrasing, or transferring the original(source language -- SL) meaning to the target language (TL).●Translation is always meaning-based.2.What is the most influential and most popular criterion of translation inChina? P.3●pressiveness and elegance (“信、达、雅”)–a most influential and mostpopular criterion of translation– that is first advocated by Yan Fu (严复).3.What is the criterion of CET adopted in this course-book by Chen Hongweiand Li Yadan? P.5/7●“Similarity in function and corresponding in meaning” (功能相似，语义相符) is what is adopted as the Criteria of CET in this course-book by Chen Hongwei and Li Yadan.4.What types of culture are there?●There are 3 types of“culture”defined by 邢福义, which are: materialculture, institutional culture and mental culture..5.What kinds of scritpt are Chinese and English respectively?●Chinese is an ideographic one / ideographic-oriented syllabic script (表意音节文字) , while English is an alphabetic script, formed by the combination of one or more of the 26 English letters.6.What is the reason leading to cultural shock, simentically? P.34-●Simentically, semantic non-correspondence (语义相异) and semantic zero(语义空缺) are the very reasons leading to the so-called cultural shock .7.What is text? What are its unique features:●Text(语篇) is a semantic unit expressing a holistic concept. Coherence(衔接) & consistency(连贯) are its unique features.8.心有余而力不足。
One’s ability falls short of one’s wishes.9.您的建议我会永远铭记在心。
I will always bear your advice in mind.10.得人心者得天下。
Those who gain popularity among the people will gain the power. 11.哀莫大于心死。
The greatest despair comes from a devastated heart.12.治国/家/病/水administer a countrymanage a householdcure diseasetame rivers13.基本工资/建设/设施/利益basic wagecapital constructioninfrastructurefundamental interest14.箱子里已经没有地方了。
There is no more space in the chest.15.费孝通(社会学家、人类学家、民族学家) 在80寿辰聚会上，曾经意味深长地讲了一句16字箴言：“各美其美，美人之美，美美与共，天下大同。
”Mr. Fei Xiaotong (a sociologist, anthropologist and ethnologist as well) once uttered a significant maxim at his 80th birthday party: “Every country will by rights treasure her own civilization, and if each is willing to cherish that of the other and when all are ready to share with each other their own civilizations, then a truly harmonious world will come into being.”16.只有冷静才能成功。
Success depends on calm minds.17.学习的敌人是自己的满足，要认真学一点东西必须从不自满开始。
Complacency is the enemy of study. We cannot learn anything until we rid ourselves of complacency.18.那不是明朝的建筑。
That is anything but a building of the Min Dynasty.19.欲速则不达。
More haste, less speed.20.不破不立，不塞不流，不止不行，它们之间的斗争是生死斗争。
There is no construction without destructionm, no flowing withoutdamming, and no motion without rest; the two are locked inlife-and-death struggle.21.动物没有水就不能生存，植物没有水也不能生长。
Animals cannot live without water, neither can plants grow..22.上海男人聪明、务实，有时也相当圆滑。
最令人印象深刻的是，上海男人在事业上有进取心，对家庭有很强的责任感，而且尊重女性。
P.127Shanghai men are smart and practical and even slippery, but whatimpressive most is that they are aggressive in their career andresponsible to their families and respectful to their females.23.在四川西部，有一美妙去处。
它背依岷山主峰雪宝顶，树木苍翠、花香袭人，鸟声婉啭，流水潺潺。
它就是松潘县的黄龙。
P.132One of Sichuan’s fine spots is Huanglong, which lies in Song PanCounty, just beneath XueBao, the main peak of the MinShanMountain. It has lush green forests filled with fragrant flowers,bubbling streams and songbirds.24.虽然上海男人被戏谑为“妻管严”，但他并不屈从妻子。
在与妻子有争议时，他要么保持沉默，要么一笑置之。
有时候他会发火，但事后不久，他也会毫不迟疑地道歉。
最终他妻子发现，她还是按照他的想法行事。
P.141Shanghai men are jokingly called “henpecked husbands”.However, they will never yield to their wives but remain silent or smileaway the quarrels. And they will apologize without hesitation shortlyafter they lose their temper, which is a rarity. Finally, their wives findthemselves complying with what their husbands say.25.“长城号”游艇设施豪华舒适，除观景塔、露天观景塔、酒吧间、日光浴室外，佳肴美点，中西兼备，并有宽敞的游步甲板，游客饱览沿途风光，华丽舒适的客房均有空调设备，令您有宾至如归的感受。
P.185Being a deluxe cruiser to tour the Yangtze River, “The Great Wall” h as indoor and open-air observation towers, a swimming pool, abar, a solarium as well as Chinese and Western restaurants and aspacious deck. All the cabins are superb, comfortable andair-conditioned.。
