(ii) social context: the objective environment in which the addresser produces and the addressee interprets an utterance, such as settings for communication, the status of and the relationship between the addresser and addressee, their social and backgrounds; (iii) cognitive environment: any experiences, background knowledge or other which contribute to communication and cognition(何 自然, 1997:210).
Restrictive function is one of the major functions of context and also playing an important part in meaning understanding. I never had much in seeing you. There was no love lost between us at any time, I think. 我向来不大看到你，咱们两人之间大 概什么时候都不曾有过好感。
So writers today should take heart. We could dress like Lady Gaga and hang from a cage at a Yankees game — if any of us looked as good near-naked, that is. 所以今天的作家应该鼓足勇气。 只要我们 中任何人有几分姿色，我们就可以打扮成 嘎嘎夫人那样，在洋基队比赛中将自己挂 在笼子状的裙子里---几近裸体。
