常用方位介词和短语
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常用方位介词和短语 【概念引入】 介词后面可以跟名词和代词做宾语,构成介词短语。今天我们主要学习一下用来表示方位的介词和介词短语。 【用法讲解】 1. on 介词on表示“在某物之上”的意思,它通常表示一个物体在另一个物体之表
面上面。两者之间有接触。 例如:Your book is on the desk. 你的书在课桌上面。 There is a ball on the floor. 地板上有个球。 拓展:above 和 over的区别 on指的有接触面的上面,但是over和above都是没有接触面的上面。 over“在……正上方”,与under相对。 例如:There is a bridge over the river. 河上有一座桥。 The picture is hanging over the blackboard. 那张图挂在黑板的正上方。 above只表示“在……上方或位置高出……”,不一定是正上方,与below相对。 例如:A plane flew above our heads. 一架飞机从我们头上飞过。 The Turners live above us. 特纳一家人住在我们的上面。 2. in 介词in表示“在某物的里面”,它通常表示一个物体在另外一个物体的内部、中间或者在某个范围之内。 例如:Your pen is in the pencil case. 你的钢笔在铅笔盒里面。 She is the tallest in her class. 她是她们班最高的。 3. under 介词under表示“在某物的下面”,它通常表示一个物体在另外一个物体
的垂直正下面,两者之间没有接触。 例如:My bike is under the tree. 我的自行车在树的下面。 The shoes are under the chair. 鞋在椅子的下面。 拓展:under和below 的区别 under表示“在……之下”,通常表示位置处于正下方,与介词over“在……上方”相对应。 例如: There is a book under the table. 桌子下面有一本书。 A cat is sitting under the table.一只猫在桌子下面。 below表示“在……之下”,“在……的下游”,与介词above相对应,常指在某物体之下,但不一定在该物的正下方。 例如:He is below the average at school.他的学习成绩在水准以下。 I looked down at the hall below. 我瞧了瞧下面的大厅。 4. behind 介词behind表示“在某物的后面”,它通常表示一个物体在另外一个物体
的后面。 例如:Your brother is behind the tree. 你的弟弟在树的后面。 She is standing behind her mother. 她站在她妈妈的后面。 5. next to next to是由形容词next和介词to构成的介词短语表示“紧挨着、在某物的旁边”的意思。 例如:The table is next to the wall. 桌子紧挨着墙。 6. between 介词between表示某个物体、某人位于两者之间,通常表示一个人、物
处于另外两个人、物之间。 例如:Your desk is between the door and the window. 你的课桌位于门和窗户之间。 Lily sits between Mary and Ann. 丽丽坐在玛丽和安中间。 拓展:between和among的区别 between指两者之间, among指三者或三者以上的人或物之间。 例如:The teacher is among the students.老师在学生们中间。 7. outside outside指“在……外面”
例如:There are many people outside the room. 房间外有很多人。 What did you see outside the hall? 你在大厅外看见了什么? 8.near near在……附近,与far相对 例如:A hospital was built near the railway station.在火车站附近建了一所医院。 My home is near the school. 我的家离学校很近。 9.in front of, in the front of in front of在……前面 , in the front of表示“在……前部”,指里面。 例如:A river flows in front of the house.房子前有一条河。 There is a boy in the front of the car. 车的前座坐着一个小男孩。 10. around around在……周围,围绕
例如:There are many trees around the village.村子周围有很多树围绕。 There are flowers around the stage. 舞台周围摆着鲜花。 11. at “at”意为“在……”,可以用在地点前也可以用在时间前。
例如:Let’s meet at the school gate. 我们在学校门口见面吧。 I get up at seven o’clock. 我七点起床。 【巩固练习】 Ⅰ. 把下列词组翻译成英语。 1. 在沙发上_____________ 2. 在桌子底下____________ 3. 在你的背包里____________ 4. 在抽屉里___________ 5. 在教室(外部)前面__________ Ⅱ. 单项选则。 1. Your computer is ______ to the door. A. behind B. on C. in D. next 2 The map is ____ the wall ____ our classroom. A. on; on B. of; on C. on; at D. on; of 3 Look! The window is _____ the wall and the picture is _____ the wall. A. on; on B. in; in C. in; on D. on; in
4 -Where is my ball? I can’t see it. Look! It’s _____ the door. A. on B. in C. at D. behind 5. Sally is very happy. There is a big smile ______ her face. A. on B. to C. in D. at
6. My father is ill (生病), He is ______. A. in bed B. in the bed C. on bed D. on the bed 7. There is a map of China ______ the wall in the classroom. A. in B. on C. under D. at 8. There are three windows ______ the wall.
A.in B. on C. at D. to 9. There are many oranges ______ the tree. A bird ______ the tree is eating an orange. A. in; on B. on; on C. in; in D. on; in
10. -What time do you usually go to bed?
-I usually go to bed ______ 11:00. A. in B. on C. at D. for 11. We can see ______ old bike ______ the tree. A. a; under B. the; at C. an; in D. an; under 12. My hats and coats are ______. A. on the bed B. under desk C. in room D. under the my bed 13. He put up a map ______ the back wall because there was a hole ______ it. A. on; on B. at; in C. on; in D. on; at 14. Don't read ____ the sun. A. at B. under C. with D. in 15. The boat is passing___ the bridge. A. through B. below C. under D. across
III. 用适当的介词填空。 1. A boy is ____ the tree. 2. Can you pick(摘) the apples _____ the tree? 3. There is a picture _____ the wall. 4. There are two windows _____ the wall. 5. I live _____ Shanghai.