名从定从连接词辨析

名词性从句在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(Noun Clauses）。

名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。

一、引导名词性从句的连接词连词（5个）在从句中均不充当任何成分，：that表明内容的确定性（宾语从句或表语从句中that 有时可以省略）whether,if （均表示“是否”表明从句内容的不确定性）as if ,as though （均表示“好像”，“似乎”）连接代词（9个）做主语或宾语：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, which, whichever 做定语或表语whose,连接副词（7个）做壮语：when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however不可省略的连词：1. 介词后的连词2. 引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略。

That she was chosen made us very happy.We heard the news that our team had won.比较whether与if 均为"是否"的意思。

但在下列情况下，只可用whether：1. whether引导主语从句并在句首2. 引导表语从句3. whether从句作介词宾语4. 常与"or not"或to do 连用；if 则不可。

5. 引导同位语从句Whether he will come is not clear.Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question. 月球上有没有生命是个有趣的问题。

Everything depends on whether we have enough money. 一切要看我们是否有足够的钱。

高考综合复习：高考透析“名从”和“定从”审稿：白雪雁责编：张敏名词性从句考点透析1．that无词义，在从句中不做成分。

当that引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句时，that不能省。

(1)That he will refuse the offer is impossible．(2)It worried her a bit that her hair was turning grey．2．whether，if都可引导名词性从句，但需注意下列几点：(1)在句首引导主语从句时，只能用whetherWhether we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather．(2)if不能引导表语从句What the doctor really doubt is whether my mother will recover from the serious disease soon．(3)if不能引导介词后的宾语从句Everything depends on whether we can make a plan that they will agree to．(4)如果宾语从句是否定句时，只能用ifI asked Pave if he hadn't decided what he would say at the meeting．(5)discuss后的宾语从句只能用whether引导。

doubt作“怀疑”解、后接宾语从句时，如果主句是肯定的，宾语从句用whether或if引导，如果主句是否定的，宾语从句只能用that引导。

①We discussed whether the medicine will cause side effect．(我们讨论了这种药是否会引起负作用。

)②I doubt whether／if he is fit for his office．③I don't doubt that he can do it very well．3．wh～词既有词义(该词基本的词汇意义)，又在名词性从句中充当成分，因此，在选择wh～词时，既要考虑该词的基本意义，又要考虑它在从句中的作用。

名词性从句包括：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。

Ⅰ．主语从句：在句子中充当主语主句谓语动词要用单数第三人称。

Whoever comes is welcome.1．that引导主语从句。

that引导主语从句时，仅起连接作用，不作任何成份，不能省略。

有时为了保持句子平衡，把that从句后置，由形式主语it来代替。

That she was chosen made us very happy.It made us very happy that she was chosen.it作形式主语，有几种固定句型：（1）It + be + adj. + that - clauseIt is natural / strange / important / necessary that...很自然／奇怪的是／重要的是／必要的是……从句中的谓语动词用（should)+动词原形It is important that he (should) attend the meeting.（2）It + be + n. + that - clauseIt is a fact that ... 事实是……It is an honour that... 非常荣幸……It is common knowlege that... ……是常识It is a pity that... 很遗憾……（3）It + be + 过去分词+ that - clauseIt is reported that...据报道……It is believed that... 据相信……It has been proved that... 已证实……It is said that... 据说……特别提示在表示建议、要求、命令等意义的被动结构中，that从句中的谓语动词用（should）+动词原形。

It is suggested that the meeting (should) be held this afternoon.（4）It + seem / happen等不及物动词+ that - clauseIt seems / seemed that... 似乎……It happens / happened that... 碰巧……It appears that... 好像……It seems that he is wrong.2．whether引导的主语从句“是否”从句在句首时必须用whether，置于句尾时，可换用if．Whether he will come is not clear.It is not clear whether / it he will come.3．wh - 疑问词引导主语从句。

连接词，仅仅是起连接作用，在从句中不充当成分；定从中没有连接词，名从的连接词有三个：that、if、whether状从的都是连接词关系词是在句子中充当成分的，如关系代词在从句中充当名词性的主宾表成分。

连接词只表示两个句子的连接，表明前后的逻辑关系，而关系词不仅表示连接，而且在句中具有替代功能，充当句子的一部分。

一、疑问代词和疑问副词在从句中分别被称为连接代词和连接副词（宾语从句）；从属连词（状语从句）；关系代词和关系副词（定语从句）。

宾语从句中表示疑问。

例如：I don't know who you are.（宾语从句） They have left when I got there.（状语从句），I like the boy who is in blue.（定语从句）区别：分别举例如下：I know the place where he was born .（用关系副词，因为等于I know the place in the place he was born）再比如：I know the place which he was born in.（用关系代词。

因为等于I know the place he was born in the place.）当然句子中不可以有重复的词语，所以在定语从句中使用了关系代词和关系副词你只要记住无论是关系代词还是关系副词都是从句中的句子成份。

定语从句是一个完整的句子。

关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、定语。

而关系副词在从句中充当状语。

二、whether与 if的用法区别两者的用法异同注意以下几点：(1) 两者均可引导宾语从句，表示“是否”，常可互换：He asked if [whether] we wanted a drink. 他问我们是否想喝一杯。

He didn’t tell me if [whether] he would come. 他没有告诉我他是否会来。

英语中名词性从句引导词辨析一、that,what和which1. that引导名词性从句时只起连接从句的作用,本身没有任何意义,因此在从句中不充当任何句子成分,它的使用须注意以下几点:A. 引导宾语从句时,that常可省略,但如果主句后跟有并列宾语从句时,只能省略第一个that;若宾语从句前插有别的从句时,that也不能省略。

例如:He told me (that) he was all right and that he would come to see me when he was free. 他告诉我说他很好,并说在他有空时来看我。

B. that引导主语从句位于句首时不可省略.如果it作形式主语,而that从句置于句末, 这时that可以省略。

例如: That he has lost his work is not true. 他丢了工作不是真的。

=It is not true (that) he has lost his work.C.当主语为the reason时,注意应用that 引导其表语从句,不能受汉语影响而误用because。

例如:The reason why he was late was that he missed theearly bus. 他迟到的原因是他没赶上早班车.(此句中的that 不可用because代替)D.引导同位语从句时,切不可错用which。

例如:Word has come that some American guests will come to visit our school next week. 有消息说下周将有一些美国客人来我校参观。

2. what与which引导名词性从句时都在从句中充当句子的某一成份,如主语、表语、宾语或定语,其区别是:what表示泛指的事物,常译为"什么"或"所……的事物", whatever是它的强语势"无论什么";which表示特定事物中的"哪一个(些)",一般情况下在从句中充当定语,后接名词,在一定的语境中,它所修饰的名词可以省略,whichever是它的强语势"无论哪一个(些)"。

定语从句：1.按照句子结构分：简单句、并列句、复合句2.复合句：由一个主句加上一个或多个从句构成的句子。

3.定语从句：在复合句中作定语用修饰句子中某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。

①定语从句的位置：放在名词或代词的后面。

如：The man who has an umbrella in his hand is my uncle. (手上抓了一把雨伞的人是我的叔叔。

)②语法术语的改变：被修饰的名词或代词称为先行词；引导定语从句的连接词称为关系词,关系词两个作用（1）连接主从句（2）关系词在定语从句中充当一定成分。

其中that、which、who、whom称为关系代词,where、when、how称为关系副词。

③关系代词或关系副词的作用：1．关系代词who、that、whom指人,在从句中作主语（who、that）不可省。

宾语（who、that、whom），作从句宾语时可省略。

He is the thief(that/who/whom) we have been looking for these days.(这个就是我们近日一直在找的小偷。

)2．关系代词which、that指物。

它们在从句中可以作主语或宾语。

作从句宾语时可以省略。

Please find a room (which ) we can live in. (请找一间我们能住的房间。

)注：若有介词在关系词之前指人只用whom；指物只能用which .如：to whom ;from which3．关系代词whose作定语，表示所属关系。

后名词属于先行词。

The man whose son is in our class is a famous artist.4.关系副词when或where引导定语从句时,它们在从句中分别作时间状语和地点状语。

如：This is the room where they had a quarrel a week ago.(这是一个星期前他们吵架的房间。

动词词块在从句中的辨析与运用重点：1.正确选用名词性从句的连接词。

2.培养学生观察词块模式的习惯和能力。

难点：从词块角度比较和辨析定语从句中介词+关系代词和名词性从句中的介词+连接词Step one: 如何把以下句子变为名词性从句？1)You should spend more time practicing your oral English.2)Can you help me make some preparations for the coming exam?3）When did you take interest in writing?名词性从句的实质：用一个完整的句子（从句）充当另一个句子（主句）的某种成分（主，宾，表，同位）何种类型的句子来充当四种成分呢？1)陈述句2）一般疑问句3）特殊疑问句Step two:观察比对：1）The two cities are different in that they celebrate the same festival in two completely different ways.2) This is the custom in which the two cities are different.词块：be+adj+in v+prep v+n+prep be interested in depend on make suggestions to_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________Step three: 运用辨析Group 1: v+prep1)We are talking about ________ we should allow students to carry smart phones at school.2) Is this the play about ______ you were talking just now?1) She was so desperate that she would sacrifice everything to depend on _______ was willing to offer him a helping hand at this moment.2)She is the only person ______ the old lady can depend on1) I agree with ________ you said at the meeting.2) This is the point with _______I disagree.Group2:v+n+prep1）Before I delivered a speech, I had made full preparations for_______ I must say.2）We will pay a visit to New York next week, for ______ we had make full preparations.1)Family education is quite important, which will have a good effect on _______ you can behave in a civilized way.2)I am fully aware of the effect _____________ family education has on child ren’s behavior.1)Though I quite understand the difficulty _____________you have in learning English, I don't think I can help you out in any way if you don't work hard on your own.2) we have difficulty in understanding ______the brain process information.Group 3: be+adj+prep1）John was admitted into the key university, of ______ his parents were proud.2）Our teacher looks sad today, but nobody is aware of ______happened to him.1)Kate was curious about ______ her friend Jane refused the invitation .2) My sister, about ______ my mother was concerned, got divorced last year.1)Dr.Smith, in ______ hospital my son was born last year, is a wold famous scientist.2）He was interested in _______ he had seen at the exhibition.小结：当词块未被拆分时，动词词块作为一个整体后接_________ 从句。

中考英语名词性从句连接词辨析练习题30题1.I'm not sure ____ he will come to the party.A.thatB.whetherC.if答案：B。

本题考查宾语从句连接词。

“I'm not sure”表示不确定，后面的宾语从句通常用“whether/if”引导。

“that”引导肯定的宾语从句，不符合语境。

“if”在引导宾语从句时不能与“or not”连用，而本题中没有“or not”，所以“whether”和“if”都可以，但“whether”更常用，所以选B。

2.She wonders ____ he is telling the truth.A.thatB.whetherC.if答案：B。

“She wonders”表示她怀疑，后面的宾语从句用“whether/if”引导更合适，表示是否。

“that”引导肯定意义的宾语从句，不符合语境。

同样，“if”在引导宾语从句时不能与“or not”连用，本题没有“or not”，但“whether”更常用，所以选B。

3.Do you know ____ he will come back tomorrow?A.thatB.whetherC.if答案：B/C。

本题中“do you know”后面的宾语从句可以用“whether”或“if”引导，表示是否。

“that”引导肯定意义的宾语从句，不符合语境。

4.We are not sure ____ he can finish the work on time.A.thatB.whetherC.if答案：B/C。

“We are not sure”表示不确定，后面的宾语从句用“whether/if”引导。

“that”引导肯定意义的宾语从句，不符合语境。

5.I doubt ____ he will pass the exam.A.thatB.whetherC.if答案：B。