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各章习题及答案第一章绪论1 .举例说明什么是测控？答：(1) 测控例子：为了确定一端固定的悬臂梁的固有频率，我们可以采用锤击法对梁进行激振，再利用压电传感器、电荷放大器、波形记录器记录信号波形，由衰减的振荡波形便可以计算出悬臂梁的固有频率。
（2）结论：由本例可知：测控是指确定被测对象悬臂梁的属性—固有频率的全部操作，是通过一定的技术手段—激振、拾振、记录、数据处理等，获取悬臂梁固有频率的信息的过程。
2. 测控技术的任务是什么？答：测控技术的任务主要有:通过模型试验或现场实测，提高产品质量；通过测控，进行设备强度校验，提高产量和质量；监测环境振动和噪声，找振源，以便采取减振、防噪措施；通过测控，发现新的定律、公式等；通过测控和数据采集，实现对设备的状态监测、质量控制和故障诊断。
3. 以方框图的形式说明测控系统的组成，简述主要部分的作用。
测控系统方框图如下：（2）各部分的作用如下：●传感器是将被测信息转换成某种电信号的器件；●信号的调理是把来自传感器的信号转换成适合传输和处理的形式；●信号处理环节可对来自信号调理环节的信号，进行各种运算、滤波和分析；●信号显示、记录环节将来自信号处理环节的信号显示或存贮。
●模数（A/D）转换和数模（D/A）转换是进行模拟信号与数字信号相互转换，以便用计算机处理。
4.测控技术的发展动向是什么?传感器向新型、微型、智能型方向发展；测控仪器向高精度、多功能、小型化、在线监测、性能标准化和低价格发展；参数测量与数据处理向计算机为核心发展；5. A precise optional signal source can control the output power level to within 1%. A laser is controlled by an input current to yield the power output. A microprocessor controls the input current tothe laser. The microprocessor compares the desired power level with a measured signal proportional to the laser power output obtained from a sensor. Complete the block diagram representing thisclosed-loop control system shown in Fig E1.1, identifying the output, input, and measured variables and the control device.答：6. many luxury automobiles have thermostatically controlled air-conditioning system（恒温空调系统）for the comfort of the passengers. Sketch a block diagram of an air-condition temperature on a dashboard panel（仪表盘）. Identify the function of each element of the thermostatically controlled cooling system.答：7. In the past, control systems used a human operator as part of a closed-loop control system. Sketch the block diagram of the valve control system shown in Fig. P1.2.答：8. The student-teacher learning process is inherently a feedback process intended to reduce the system error back model of the learning process and identify each block of the system.答：9. Automatic control of water level using a float level was used in the Middle East for a water clock. The water clock was used from sometime before Christ until the seventeenth century. Discuss the operation of the water clock, and establish how the float provides a feedback control that maintains the accuracy of the clock. Sketch a block diagram of the feedback system.答：第二章信号与系统分析基础1求周期方波的傅立叶级数（复指数函数形式），画出|c n|-ω和ϕ-ω图。
第二章部分习题参考答案2-6 试求下列各函数1()f t 与2()f t 之卷积。
121212(-)01(1) ()() ()() (0) ()()()(-) ()(-)11(1) 0(2) ()t tt t tt t f t u t f t e u t f t f t f f t d u eu t d e e d e e e t f t ααταατααταατττττττααδ-+∞-∞+∞---∞--==>*===⋅=⋅=-≥=⎰⎰⎰，解：，2121212() ()cos(45)()()()cos[()45] cos(45)(3) ()(1)[()(1)] ()(1)(2) ()()t f t t f t f t t d t f t t u t u t f t u t u t f t f t ωδτωττω+∞-∞=+*=-+=+=+--=---*⎰，解：，解：ττ222221211211()(-1)(-1)-2(-2)(-2)(-1)(-1)-(-2)(-2)2211-(-2)(-2)(-3)(-3)-(-2)(-2)(-3)(-3)22()*()()1,()0123, (1-)(1)21(1)--(12ttf t t u t t u t t u t t u t t u t t u t t u t t u t f t f t f t t f t t t dt t ft t t t τττ=+++=<=<<+=+-=++⎰222-112222212111)-222123, (1-)(1)-221()2(1)-2(1-)(-1)211121---152223, ()*()0.t t t t t t d t f t t t t t t t t t t t f t f t ττττ-+=<<+=+=+++=+++=++>=⎰121221--(4) cos , (1)-(-1)()*()()(-) [(1)-(-1)][cos(-)] cos[(1)]-cos[(-1)]f t t f t t t f t f t f f t d t t t d t t ωδδτττδδωττωω+∞∞+∞∞==+==+⋅=+⎰⎰ -212-212--2-220(5) ()(), ()sin ()()()*()()sin(-)(-) sin(-)sin t t ttt tf t e u t f t t u t f t f t f t e u t u t d e t d ee d τττττττττ+∞∞==⋅==⋅⋅⋅=⋅=⋅⎰⎰⎰-12-(-)--0022-(-)-33-2-3(6) ()2[()-(-3)], ()4()-(-2)0, ()0.02,()2488-825, 88()8(-)5, ()0.t tt t t tt t t t t f t e u t u t f t u t u t t f t t f t e d e e e t ft ed ef t e e e t f t ττττττ-==<=<<==⋅=<<===>=⎰⎰2-8 求阶跃响应为32()(21)()t t s t e e u t --=-+的LTI （线性时不变）系统对输入()()t x t e u t =的响应。
