下载文档原格式
选修八Unit2 CloningPeriod3 Grammar一、教学目标1.知识与技能A．复习同位语的构成；B．正确辨识并使用同位语从句的连接词；C．复习同位语从句和定语从句的区别。
2. 过程与方法A．图解法B．列举法C．讲授法D．演示法3. 情感态度与价值观A．培养学生的规范语言表达；B．让学生体会语言的灵活多变。
C．让学生体验学习的乐趣和成功的喜悦。
二、教学重、难点1.同位语的作用；2.正确判断并使用连接词；3.同位语从句和定语从句的区别。
四、教学方法：1.合作交流，小组讨论。
2.自主学习，独立思考。
3.探究学习。
Step1：什么叫同位语同位语主要用作对名词（代词）做进一步解释，它可以使单词、短语或从句。
同位语从句是名词性从句的一种，置于某些名词之后，这类从句通常由that引导，有时也用what,why,whether,when等引导。
1.The whole scientific world followed the progress of the first successful clone, Dolly the sheep.(名词作同位语)2.Altogether Dolly lived for six years, half the length of her original sheep.(短语作同位语)3.The fact that she seemed to develop normally was very encouraging. （从句作同位语）Step2：同位语从句The news is true.主语系表The news that he has been elected monitor is true.主语同位语从句系表Step3: 同位语从句的引导词以从句的形式表示的同位语叫同位语从句。
引导同位语从句的连接词通常有：1. 从属连词：that，whether（通常不用if）等，that不能省略；The truth is that he has never been to the countryside.The question is whether we can finish the experiment by tomorrow afternoon.She looks as if she were very tired.2. 连接代词：what,who,whom,whose等；I have no idea what size shoes she wears.我不知道她穿几号的鞋。
《必修三语法同位语从句》教案课时安排：2课时教学目标：1.理解同位语从句的概念及其功能；2.能够正确辨别同位语从句；3.能够正确运用同位语从句进行语句连贯性的表达。
教学重点：1.同位语从句的概念及其功能；2.同位语从句的辨别和运用。
教学难点：1.同位语从句与定语从句的区分；2.同位语从句的语句连贯性运用。
教学准备：1.教师准备课件、单词卡片等教学辅助材料；2.学生准备笔记本和笔。
教学步骤：Step 1：导入教师通过呈现一些例句，引出同位语从句的概念，并与学生一起探讨同位语从句与定语从句的区别。
Step 2：讲解1.讲解同位语从句的定义及其功能；2.通过例句进一步说明同位语从句的使用方法和语法结构；3.梳理同位语从句的引导词和连接词。
Step 3：练习1.让学生进行同位语从句的辨别练习，帮助他们理解同位语从句的特点；2.给学生一些句子，让他们在句子中添加同位语从句，加深对同位语从句的运用。
Step 4：拓展1.让学生自己创造句子，运用同位语从句；2.给学生作业，让他们在书面作文中运用同位语从句。
Step 5：总结总结同位语从句的概念、功能和用法，让学生对同位语从句有一个清晰的认识。
教学反馈：1.回答学生提出的问题；2.纠正学生在练习中出现的错误。
课堂作业：1.完成相关习题；2.用同位语从句为下节课做准备。
教学延伸：1.教师可邀请学生准备一些句子，进行同位语从句的猜测和辨别，增强学生对同位语从句的理解。
2.教师可通过视频、游戏等多种形式，让学生在课外多次练习同位语从句的使用，提高学生的语言能力。
Section ⅢGrammar——同位语从句[语境自主领悟]一、同位语从句的定义1．在主从复合句中，跟在一个名词(尤其是抽象名词)后对其作出进一步解释说明的从句叫同位语从句。
2．能跟同位语从句的名词一般是fact，news，idea，truth，hope，problem，information，wish，promise，answer，evidence，report，explanation，suggestion，conclusion等抽象名词。
I was shocked at the news that our team won the game.我被我们队赢了比赛这个消息震惊了。
I have no idea what he is doing now.我不知道他现在正在干什么。
二、同位语从句的引导词她不明白她为什么突然想到了他。
They were worried over the fact that you were sick.他们为你生病发愁。
I have no idea when he will come back.我不知道他什么时候回来。
I'm not sure about the question whether he will come.对于他来不来这个问题，我不太确定。
The question who will take his place is still not clear.关于谁会接替他的职位目前还不清楚。
[即时训练1]用适当的连接词填空①I have small doubt whether he is suitable for the job.②The problem why she was so sad made us puzzled.③The fact that she works hard is well known to us all.④He asked a question when we should have the party，today or tomorrow.二、同位语从句和定语从句的区别1．意义：同位语从句说明前面的名词所表示的具体内容，用连接词引导，不可省略。
Unit 1 Women of achievementPart Ⅲ Grammar一、[学习目标]1. 掌握同位语从句的用法；2. 学会区分同位语从句与定语从句等的区别。
二、[自主预习]1.定义:在主从复合句中作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。
同位语从句一般用that, whether，what, which, who, when, where, why, how 等词引导，常放在fact, news, idea, truth, hope, problem, information, wish, promise, answer, evidence, report, explanation, suggestion, conclusion等抽象名词后面，说明该名词的具体内容。
换言之，同位语从句和所修饰的名词在内容上为同一关系，对其内容作进一步说明。
例：The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.析：they had won the game说明The news的全部内容，因此该句为同位语从句。
2. 如何确定同位语从句引导词1. 如同位语从句意义完整，应用that引导同位语从句。
（即that 不充当任何成分，只起连接作用，不可省略）例：The general gave the order that the soldiers should cross the river at once.析：the soldiers should cross the river at once是the order的全部内容，且意义完整，因此应用that引导同位语从句。
2.如同位语从句意义不完整，需增加"是否"的含义，应用whether引导同位语从句。
（if不能引导同位语从句）例：We'll discuss the problem whether the sports meeting will be held on time.析：the sports meeting will be held on time意义不完整，应加"是否"的含义才能表达theproblem的全部内容，因此应用whether引导同位语从句。
Section Ⅲ Grammar—同位语及同位语从句语法图解探究发现①We two, Mr. Lee and myself, had a talk privately.②All the Chinese people, old and young, love our socialist country.③Altogether Dolly lived six and a half years, half the length of the life of the original sheep.④The fact that she seemed to develop normally was very encouraging.⑤Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill.⑥We'll discuss the problem whether the sports meeting will be held on time.⑦I have no idea who will be in charge of the company when the manager is away.⑧The question why so many people would choose to live in the countryside but to work in the city is still under discussion.[我的发现](1)以上句子中加黑部分是同位语。
同位语可以由名词、代词、数词、形容词或从句来充当。
句③是由名词短语作同位语；句②是由形容词短语作同位语；句④和句⑤是由that 引导的同位语从句。
(2)在主从复合句中作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。
从句④－⑧可以看出，同位语从句一般用that,_whether,_who,_why等词引导。
(3)同位语从句常放在fact,_idea,_question,_problem,_news等抽象名词后面，说明该名词的具体内容。
一、同位语一个名词或代词后面有时可以跟一个名词(或起类似作用的其他形式)，对前者进一步说明，这一部分就叫作同位语。
可充当同位语的有名词(词组)、代词、数词、形容词(短语)、动名词(短语)、不定式(短语)及从句等。
1．名词、代词或数词充当同位语We teachers should be responsible for this.我们老师应该为此负责。
(名词作同位语)They each put forward a proposal.他们每个人都提出了一个建议。
(代词作同位语)You may leave it to us two.你可以把这事留给我们俩。
(数词作同位语)2．名词词组、形容词(词组)、动名词(短语)、不定式(短语)等充当同位语Mr. Robeson, our head teacher, is from Canada.我们的班主任罗伯逊先生，来自加拿大。
(名词词组作同位语)Is this your purpose, to avoid being punished?逃避惩罚，这就是你的目的？(不定式短语作同位语)The current fair, the biggest in its history, is being held in a big city.目前的交易会，是有史以来规模最大的，正在一座大城市举行。
(形容词短语作同位语) The first plan, attacking at night, was turned down.第一个计划是夜袭，被拒绝了。
(动名词短语作同位语)[即时演练1]写出下列句中充当同位语的词(组)词性①We both have a chance to take part in this activity. 代词②Please bring these books to them three. 数词③Wang Bing, our monitor, will help us to turn in our papers. 名词短语④Is this what you have done, leaving all these things in a mess? 动名词短语⑤People, old and young, went to the street to watch the parade.形容词词组二、同位语从句在复合句中充当同位语的名词性从句叫同位语从句。
它一般跟在某个名词后面，用来说明前面名词的具体内容。
常见的这类名词有：fact, news, hope, truth, idea, suggestion, thought, question, promise, order, problem, belief, word, message, information, proof, announcement, desire, doubt, proposal, advice, possibility等。
His accent at once betrayed the fact that he was a foreigner.他的口音立刻显示出他是一个外国人。
The news that he was in trouble determined me to act at once.他陷入困境的消息，使我决心立即行动。
All of us know the truth that the world is made of matter.我们大家都知道世界是由物质构成的这个事实。
Why are they surprised at the idea that he will retire next year?他们为什么对他将在明年退休的想法感到惊讶？[即时演练2] 补全句子①We finally got the information that_the_ticket_price_had_gone_up.我们终于得到了票价已上升的信息。
②Do you know the fact that_the_famous_actor_has_already_got_married?你知道这位著名的演员已经结婚的事实吗？③She announced her decision that_she_would_have_a_journey_alone.她宣布了她将会独自旅行的决定。
三、同位语从句的连接词1．连接词that, whetherthat引导同位语从句时，不充当句子成分，也没有词义，一般不能省略。
whether引导同位语从句时，意为“是否”，但仅起引导作用，在句中并不作成分，不可以用if替换。
The news that our team has won the match is true.我们队获胜的消息是真实的。
There is some doubt whether John will come on time.有人怀疑约翰是否会准时到来。
2．连接代词who, what, which, whom, whose连接代词who, what, which, whom, whose引导同位语从句时，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语等；其意义分别为“谁”“什么”“哪一个”“谁”“谁的”。
The question who should clean the room has been solved.谁该打扫房间的问题已经解决了。
I have no idea what he is up to now.我不知道他现在干什么。
With time going, the doubt which of the team would win disappear.随着时间的推进，哪支队伍会赢得这场比赛的疑问消失了。
The problem whom he would take the place of was discussed in the meeting over and over again.他将代替谁这个问题在会议上被反复讨论。
The message whose responsibility it was known to all.大家都知道了谁承担责任的消息。
3．连接副词when, where, why和how连接副词when, where, why, how引导同位语从句时则在句中作时间、地点、原因和方式状语；其意义分别为“什么时间”“哪里”“为什么”“怎么样”。
They have no idea when I will go back.他们不知道我什么时候回去。
I have no idea where he has gone.我不知道他去了哪里。
I have no idea why he gave up.我不知道他为什么放弃了。
I have no impression how he went home.他是怎样回家的，我没有印象。
[即时演练3](1)在下列句中填入恰当的引导词①(2016·天津高考改编)The manager put forward a suggestion that we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do.②(2014·重庆高考改编)— Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday?—Yeah, but I have no idea why he did it; that's one of his favorite universities.③(2013·浙江高考改编)The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief that you are better than anyone else on the sports field.(2)将下面句子合并为同位语从句Two fifths of all girls in America are on a diet. The fact worries their parents and teachers a lot.→The fact that_two_fifths_of_all_girls_in_America_are_on_a_diet worries their parents and teachers a lot.四、同位语从句的几个注意事项1．同位语从句中的虚拟语气名词suggestion, order, demand, command, request等后的同位语从句要用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“(should) do”的形式。
