高中英语语法：宾语从句、不定式的构成以及同位语从句大剖析

高中宾语从句讲解高中宾语从句讲解高中语法学习中，宾语从句是一个非常重要的知识点。

理解和掌握宾语从句的结构和用法对于学生提高语言表达能力和阅读理解能力都具有重要意义。

本文将详细介绍高中宾语从句的定义、结构、语序以及一些常见的宾语从句类型和使用技巧，帮助学生更好地理解和运用宾语从句。

一、宾语从句的定义和结构宾语从句是用作及物动词、介词的宾语、形容词的补足语或者名词性从句的一种，它由一个引导词和一个主语和谓语组成。

宾语从句通常放在及物动词的后面，介词的后面，形容词和名词的后面。

宾语从句分为两个主要类型：陈述句宾语从句和疑问句宾语从句。

陈述句宾语从句直接陈述一个事实或者认为某事是真实的；疑问句宾语从句则用来提出疑问、征询意见或者请求解释。

宾语从句的结构如下：1. 引导词 + 陈述句，例如：I know that he is a student.（我知道他是个学生。

）2. 引导词 + 陈述句（疑问词引导），例如：Can you tell me where he is?（你能告诉我他在哪里吗？）3. 引导词 + 陈述句（连接代词引导），例如：I wonder which book he is reading.（我想知道他在读哪一本书。

）4. 引导词 + 陈述句（连接副词引导），例如：I don't knowwhen he will come back.（我不知道他什么时候回来。

）二、宾语从句的语序和时态1. 宾语从句中的语序：宾语从句的语序与陈述句相同，即主语在前，谓语在后。

例如：I know that he is a student.（我知道他是个学生。

）2. 宾语从句中的时态：宾语从句的时态与引导宾语从句的动词的时态有关。

如果引导宾语从句的主句动词是现在时态，那么宾语从句的时态可根据需要使用各种时态。

例如：I hope you will come to my birthday party.（我希望你能来参加我的生日聚会。

名词性从句 Noun clause（包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句）定义：A noun clause is a dependent clause that acts as a noun in a sentence. Noun clauses will contain a subject and a verb, but they cannot stand alone in a sentence. It must always be paired with a main clause.1.主语从句 subjective clause定义：A noun clause is a clause that plays the role of a noun. We use it as subject placeholder.结构：(1)主语从句（subject clause）+谓语（predicate）例句：what she said is right.(2)It 形式主语（formal subject）+谓语（predicate）+主语从句例句：It is important to arrive on time.2.宾语从句 objective clause定义：objective clause is clause that acts as an object in a sentence. It often follows a verb. 结构：{subject} + {verb} +(that可省略)+ {object clause}例句：I know (that) he is lying.I didn’t realize (that) I was late.3.表语从句 predicative clause定义：A predicative clause is a clause that follows a linking verb（系动词）and describes the subject of the sentence. It may be introduced by conjunctions such as that, whether, as, because, A predicative clause may be introduced by conjunctions（连词）, such as that, whether, as, as if, because, or connectives (连接词). Connectives many be conjunctive pronouns (连接代词)(who, whom, what, whose, which, whoever, whatever) or conjunctive adverbs (连接副词) (where, wherever, when, whenever, how and why).结构：Subject+ linking verb+ predicative clause例句：The regulation was that the first examination should be done in writing.Our proposal is that you should join in.Their suggestion was that no one should interfere.注：if不能引导表语从句。

三大从句语法讲解从句：在复合句具有主谓部分但不能独立成句的句子。

主句：除掉从句，就是主句在英语中，主要有三大从句：名词性从句（包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句）形容词性从句（即定语从句）副词性从句（即状语从句：包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等）三大从句快速判断方法：1.主句不完整，从句不完整→名词性从句（连接代词）2.主句不完整，从句完整→名词性从句（连词、连接副词）3.主句完整，从句不完整→定语从句（关系代词）4.主句完整，从句完整→定语从句（关系副词）、同位语从句、状语从句名词性从句主语从句：（用句子代替名词来做主语）比如汉语中：①你通过我的方法学好了英语【主语】是我的荣幸。

②你要不要学英语【主语】是你自己的事。

③你想要的学习效果【主语】还必须靠你自己实现。

④你什么时候开始学英语【主语】是很重要的一件事。

基本：三类主语从句的连词（1）从属连词引导的主语从句（that / whether / if）that引导的主语从句:引导词that无含义/在句中不做成分/不可以省。

That 引导主语从句通常用it 作形式主语。

例如：That you will win the medal seems unlikely.（你要赢得这样比赛看起来不可能。

）That she survived the accident is a miracle.（她能在这场事故中幸存真是个奇迹。

）这个就同我们汉语例子中的①句一样，只不过英语中更加重视句子结构，所以把that放在前头，告诉你这个that后面跟的句子（和里面的主谓宾）不影响主句。

whether 引导的主语从句: whether有含义(是否)/在句中不做成分/不可以省。

注意：引导主语从句，不能用if不能在开头，只能用whether.Whether we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.（我们明天会不会在户外举办聚会取决于天气。

从句结构一，名词性从句主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句1、名词性从句的构成：That类连接词： that， whether 和if.(这类词以that为代表在句子当中不充当任何成分）Wh-类连接词： what, whatever ,who, whoever, which, whichever ,when, where, how why……2、主语从句：从句在句子中充当主语的成分（从句有完整的主语，谓语，宾语）A: 由 that 引导That she will go abroad to take advanced study seems unlikely.她要出国深造似乎不大可能。

Whether he agrees to the plan or not makes no difference.他同意不同意此计划无所谓。

That引导主语从句，但是并不充当任何语法成分，但是不可以省略。

B: Wh-类连接What she said on that occasion greatly shocked me.她在那个场合下说的话令我震惊。

Whatever is worth doing should be done well.任何值得做得事情都应该做好。

C，主语从句后置的情形It is a miracle that he get a success in the exam.常见的四种结构：it +be+形容词+that -从句It+be+-ed分词+that-从句It+be+名词+that-从句It+不及物动词+that-从句3、宾语从句：宾语从句就是在一个句子里充当宾语的句子。

A: that 连接：Jones said that he was to be married next month.约翰说他下个月将结婚。

I was wondering whether I should bring my girl friend to be gathering. 我在考虑聚会的时候是否要带女朋友过去B: wh- 连接：I wonder why he deserted his enviable well-paid position.我不明白为什么他要辞掉那个令人羡慕的工作。

2023年高中英语语法之同位语从句讲解同位语从句的概念：在复合句中充当同位语的名词性从句称为同位语从句。

同位语从句是名词性从句(主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句)中的主要从句之一，从句作同位语表示与之同位的名词(短语)的实际内容，它的作用相当于名词，对前面的名词(短语)加以补充说明或进一步解释，相当于一个表语从句，它们之间的关系是同位关系，即主表关系。

同位语从句的用法：1、同位语从句的引导：词引导同位语从句的词语通常有连词that，whether，连接代词和连接副词等：如：We heard the news that our team had won. 我们听到消息说我们队赢了。

They were worried over the fact that you were sick. 他们为你生病发愁。

I have no idea when he will come back. 我不知道他什么时候回来。

There is some doubt whether he will come. 他是否会来还不一定。

The question whether it is right or wrong depends on the result. 这个是对还是错要看结果。

注：whether可引导同位语从句，但if不能引导同位语从句。

2、同位语从句与定语从句的区别：（1）意义的不同：同位语从句是用于说明所修饰名词的具体内容的，它与被修饰词语通常可以划等号；而定语从句是限制所修饰名词的，它的作用是将所修饰的名词与其他类似的东西区别开来：如：We are glad at the news that he will come. 听到他要来这个消息我们很高兴。

(news的内容就是that he will come，故that引导的是同位语从句)We are glad at the news that he told us. 听到他告诉我们的这个消息我们很高兴。

（一）主语从句1．定义：用作主语的从句叫做主语从句。

2．构成：关联词+简单句3．引导主语从句的关联词有三类：(1) 从属连词that。

如：That they were in truth sisters was clear from the facial resemblance between them.很明显，她们确是亲姐妹，她们的脸型很相似。

(2) 从属连词whether。

如：Whether he’ll come here isn’t clear. 他是否会来这里还不清楚。

(3) 连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever连接副词 where, when, how, why。

如：What she did is not yet known. 她干了什么尚不清楚。

How this happened is not clear to anyone. 这事怎样发生的，谁也不清楚。

Whoever comes is welcome. 不论谁来都欢迎。

Wherever you are is my home ---- my only home. 你所在的任何地方就是我的家----我唯一的家。

解释：1．主语从句能用it作形式上的主语。

常以it作形式主语的句型有：A. It+be+形容词(obvious, true, natural, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, probable, etc.)+that从句。

如：It is certain that she will do well in her exam. 毫无疑问她考试成绩会很好。

It is probable that he told her everything. 很可能他把一切都告诉她了。

高中英语语法：宾语从句、不定式的构成以及同位语从句大剖析今天让我们一起来学习一下关于高中英语的语法吧，我们都知道语法对于一门英语的重要性，今天学习的有：宾语从句、不定式的构成以及同位语从句，一起来看一下吧。

一、宾语从句1.定义：用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。

2.构成：关联词+简单句3.引导宾语从句的关联词有三类：(1)从属连词that。

如：He told us that he felt ill.他对我们说他感到不舒服。

I know he has returned.我知道他已经回来了。

注：that在引导宾语从句时也并不是任何情况下都可以省略。

在以下情况下，that不能省略。

1.Everybody could see what happened and that T om was frightened.(and连接两个宾语从句，that宾语从句放在and的后面时，that不能省略。

)大家都会看出所发生的事情并知道T om非常害怕。

2.I know nothing about him except that he is from the south.(that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时，that不能省略。

)对他我一无所知，只知道他是南方人。

3.That he ever said such a thing I simply don’t believe.(that 从句位于句首时，that不可省略。

)我简直不相信他曾说过这样的话。

4.We decided,in view of his special circumstances,that we would admit him for a probationary period.(主句谓语动词与that 从句之间有插入语，that不可省略。

)鉴于他的特殊情况，我们决定应允他一段试用期。

(1)介词宾语从句宾语从句也可用作介词的宾语。

如：He was deeply displeased by what had occurred that day.他对那天发生的事感到很不快。

高考英语名词性从句知识讲解名词性从句是指在复合句中起名词作用的句子，功能相当于名词词组。

名词性从句在复合句中能作主语、宾语、表语、同位语等，根据在句中的语法功能可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。

一、主语从句【定义】在复合句中，作主语的句子称为主语从句。

常见的连接词：（连接词在句中不能省略）that, whether, who, what, whatever, whoever, where, when, why, how等。

【用法】1.连接词 that 引导That we should learn English well is very important.主语从句中 we should learn English well句子完整，不缺成分，用that引导，that 不能省连接词whether，if 引导whether 引导的主语从句可放句首，也可放句中，表“是否”if 引导的主语从句只能引导动词后的宾语Whether I will go or not depend on the weather.It remains to be seen whether / if they can finish the task in time.2.连接代词what, who, which, whose, whatever, whichever，whoever等引导What matters most is your attitude.3.连接副词when，where，why，how等引导How he made it is still unknown.4.it作形式主语为了避免句子头重脚轻，通常把形式主语it放在句首，真正的主语放在句子后面。

常见句型：(1) It is + n.+ that + 句子It is +（a pity / a shame / a fact …）+ that ...(2) It is + adj.+ that + 句子It is +（true / clear / important …）+ that ...(3) It is + 过去分词 + that + 句子It is+ said / announced / expected / believed / hoped… + that ...(4) It seems /appears / happens / turned out that + 句子(5) It hit sb./occurred to sb.that + 句子二、宾语从句【定义】在复合句中，作宾语的句子称为宾语从句。

宾语从句详解1、概述用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句.宾语从句的位置与陈述句基本结构中的宾语相同.宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语, 也可以作介词和非谓语动词（动词不定式、动名词、分词）和某些形容词的宾语.宾语从句可以由从属连词that whether if, 关系代词what, who, whose, which和关系副词when、where、how、why等引导.He said he wanted to go to town. 他说他想去城里.I hope you'll be better soon.我希望你能很快好起来.I’m so glad that you were able to come to this party.你能设法抽空出席这个交际会, 我很高兴.I know nothing about it except what I have read in the papers.除了在报上读到的以外,我对这件事一无所知.Most of the Chinese people usually go to work on the bike except when it rains.除了雨天,大多数中国人一般都骑自行车上班.He asked me whether she was coming. 他问我, 她来还是不来.2、作动词宾语（1）由从属连词that引导的宾语从句.that引导宾语从句时, 只起引导词作用, 在句中不做成分, 在口语和非正式文体中常省去.I think (that) he'll be right in a few days.我认为他几天后就会好的.I wish (that) she would understand me.我希望她理解我.（2）由关系代词what, who, whose, which引导的宾语从句, 在句中作成分, 即主语、宾语、表语和定语, 关系代词在句中不能省略.A computer can only do what you have instructed it to do．计算机只能按人的指令去做.Do you know whom they are waiting for?你知道他们在等谁吗?He asked whose dictionary it was.他问这是谁的字典.He can't tell which method they will use for the experiment.他不能断定他们会用哪一种方法做实验.（3）关系副词when, where, how, why等引导宾语从句.关系副词 when, where, how, why 既有疑问意义, 又起连接作用, 而且在宾语从句中充当各种状语, 分别表时间、地点、方式、原因.在句中不能省略.Please tell me when we shall discuss our plan.请告诉我我们将何时讨论计划.I don't know where we are going to have the meeting.我不知道我们将在哪里开会.Will you tell me how I can get to the station?你能告诉我如何能到车站吗?Do you know why he said that?你知道他为什么说那件事吗?I remember when this used to be a quiet village．我记得这里曾经是一个僻静的村庄.（4）由从属连词whether或if引导的宾语从句.I wonder whether (if) daughters are valued as much as sons in the countryside.我想知道在农村女儿是否和儿子一样受到重视.I don't know whether (if) you are willing to help me.我不知道你是否愿意帮我.注意：whether 和if的区别.（5）动词+间接宾语+宾语从句.动词如：advise, ask, inform, promise, question, remind, show, teach, tell, warn等, 宾语从句前可以有一个间接宾语, 这个宾语有时可以省略, 有的不能省略.He has informed me when they are to discuss my proposal.他已经通知我们将什么时候讨论我的建议.(me不可省略)She promised (us) that she would give us more help later on.她答应以后给我们更多的帮助.(us可省略)3、作介词宾语It depends on whether he is coming or not.这要看他是否会来.I was curious as to what we could do next.我想知道下一步我们该做什么.注意：that引导的宾语从句只在in, but, except, besides等少数介词后作宾语, 形成固定搭配, in that在于（因为）, but that要不是(只是), except that除了…….The higher income tax is harmful in that it may discourage people from trying to earn more.所得税过高是有害的, 因为它可能使人不愿多赚钱.His paper is perfect except that there were some misprints.除了一些印刷错误之外, 这篇论文很好.4、作形容词宾语.No one can be sure what man will look like in a million years．谁也不知道一百万年后人类会变成什么样子.I am not certain whether I have met him before.我不能肯定从前是否见过他.I'm sorry (that) you're ill.你病了, 我很难过.注意：that引导的从句在下列形容词后面作宾语, that可以省略anxious, aware, certain, confident, convinced, determined, glad, proud, surprised, worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, annoyed, pleased, hurt, satisfied, content, proud等.I'm sure (that) he'll help you.我确信他会帮助你.I'm glad (that)he has passed the exam.我很高兴, 他考试及格了.5、it充当形式宾语, 真正的宾语---宾语从句后置.正如我们常用it充当形式主语代替主语从句一样, 我们也常用it用作形式宾语代替宾语从句,把真正的宾语从句后置.特别是带复合宾语的句子中.在这种结构中that不可省略.有下列几种情况：（1）believe, consider, declare, estimate, fancy, feel, find, guess,hear, imagine, know, make,prove, reckon, think, understand 等动词接复合宾语（宾语＋宾补）时, 要用it作形式宾语. We find it difficult that we should finish the work on time．我发现我们按时完成工作有困难. She thinks it wrong that he didn't answer the phone．她认为他不接电话是不对的.（2）在like, enjoy, love,hate,take 等表喜怒哀乐的动词, 后若要跟宾语从句, 需跟形式宾语 it.I hate it when people talk with their mouths full.我不喜欢人们满口饭说话.I like it that everyone passed the exam．都通过了考试我很喜欢.（3）由动词和介词构成的短语动词后接 that 宾语从句时, 要用形式宾语.We are thinking of it that we'll lend you some money．我正在考虑借给你钱的事.I shall see to it that he is taken good care of when you are absent.你不在的时候我负责把他照顾好.（4）用于“动词+宾语+介词短语”的句型中.Keep it in mind that you have to be home by ten o’cloc k.要记住你得十点钟之前回家.We took it for granted that he would come.我们认为他来是当然的.6、不可直接跟that从句的动词.下列动词不可直接接that从句：ask, refuse, let, like, cause, force, condemn, admire, celebrate, entreat, dislike, overlook, love, hel p, take, forgive, bid, hate, hear（听见）, see（看见）, want（想要）等, 但可用it, the fact做媒介, 后接that从句；或接动名词、不定式.He overlooked it that he had made another mistake.(对) 他忽视了一件事, 他又犯了一个错误. He overlooked the fact that he had made another mistake. (对)He overlooked that he had made another mistake.(错)I admire it that they won the match. (对)I admire the fact that they won the match. (对) 我很羡慕, 他们赢得了比赛.I admire that they won the match. (错)7、that引导宾语从句的省略.（1）主句谓语动词是agree, argue, hold, learn, maintain, observe, contend, conceive, reckon, remark, state, suggest, assume, announce, calculate, indicate等时, 其后宾语从句的引导词that一般不可省略；主句谓语动词是hear, know, say, see, confess consider, declare, understand, propose等时, 其后宾语从句的引导词that可以省略, 也可以不省略；主句谓语动词是think, suppose, believe, presume, dare say等时, 其后宾语从句的引导词that可以省略.He suggested that we should set off at 8 o’clock tomorrow morning.他建议我们明天早晨8点走.(that不可省略)I think (that) this is very important.我认为这很重要.(that可省略)（2）当一个句子很复杂, 句中有多个状语时, that不可省略；或者一个句子有多个并列的宾语从句时, 特别第一个宾语从句特别长, 后面的宾语从句的that不可省略；谓语动词与that 从句之间有插入语时, that不可省去.He said you needn't worry and that he would help you .他说你没有必要着急, 他会帮助你的.（said之后可省去that, 但第二个that不可省去）We decide, as he has suggested, that we will start out tomorrow.就像他建议的那样, 我们决定明天动身.8、否定转移与省略（1）如果主句的谓语动词是“think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, reckon, imagine等, 主语是第一人称的一般现在时态, 其后的宾语从句如含有否定意义, 一定要把否定词一道主句谓语上, 从句谓语动词用肯定形式.I don’t think he can do it better than me.我想他不会比我干得好.I don’t believe he treated the child like that.我相信他不会那样对待孩子的.（2）如果think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, reckon, imagine等前有副词或表示强调的do, does, did；或者同其它词构成并列谓语；或者不以现在时出现；或者用作插入语中.这时候不用否定转移.I really expect she didn’t say that to him.我确实希望她不和他说那件事.I think and hope that he won’t be deceived by the man.我认为也希望他不会被那个人欺骗. （3）think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, reckon, imagine等此类动词后, 在简略答语中, 用 so 替代前文肯定的宾语从句；若替代一个否定的宾语从句, 用 not 或not…so替代前文整个从句.-I believe we've met somewhere before．我认为我们从前在哪见过.-No, I don't think so．没有, 我认为我们以前没见过.-Do you think it's going to rain over the weekend?你认为这周末会下雨吗?-I believe not．我认为不会.注意：hope 只能说 I hope not 一种形式, 因为 hope 不能否定转移.9、时态的呼应与语序.在宾语从句中只能用陈述句语序, 时态呼应上要遵循以下三条原则：（1）如果主句谓语是一般现在时或将来时, 宾语从句的谓语可根据意思的需要使用任何一种时态.Can you make sure where Alice has put the gold ring?你能确定爱丽丝把金戒指放到什么地方了吗?They have no idea at all where he has gone．他们一点也不知道他去了哪.Do you know who he was talking with at eight last night?你知道他昨晚和谁一起说话吗?（2）如果主句谓语是一般过去时, 宾语从句要用表示过去的某一时态.He said he would come to see us the next day.他说他明天将来看我们.I wanted to know whether he had been to Beijing.我想知道他是否去过北京.（3）如果宾语从句是表示客观事实、真理等, 不管主句是什么时态, 宾语从句一律用一般现在时.Dick asked Lucy how old she is．迪克问露斯她多大了.The teacher said the sun rises in the east．老师说太阳从东方升起.要点一、宾语从句要点之时态的呼应1. 如果主句是一般现在时、一般将来时或祈使句时,宾语从句可根据情况使用各种时态.例如:I hear she is here today(she was here yesterday/she will be here tomorrow.)2. 如果主句是一般过去时,宾语从句应使用过去时态的某种形式.例如:He said he was watching TV(he had swept thefloor/ he would play football after school).3. 如宾语从句所叙述的是客观事实、自然现象或科学真理等,从句不受主句时态限制,仍用一般现在时.例如:Our teacher told us that light travels fasterthan sound.二、宾语从句要点之引导词的使用1. 当宾语从句由陈述句变化而来时,用that来引导从句,that常无具体意义,一般可省略.例: Lin Tao thought (that)the TV play was veryboring.2. 当宾语从句是由一般疑问句变化而来时,要用if或whether来引导从句.例如:David asked his mother if/ whether she liked thedinner last night.3. 当宾语从句是由特殊疑问句变化而来时,原句中的疑问词充当连接代词(如who, whose, what, which)或连接副词(如when,where, why, how),引导宾语从句.例如:Do you know what we can do on the island?I don’t know why Jane was late for school this morning.三、宾语从句要点之语序的陈述化宾语从句一般要用陈述句语序.例如:Whe n did he leave? I want to know. →I want to know when he left.Does the shop close at six every day? Do you know? →Do you know if/ whether the shop closes at six every day?四、宾语从句要点之否定转移当主句的谓语动词为think, believe, suppose等动词,且主语为第一人称时,从句的否定要转移到主句上.例如:I don’t believe he is here on time, is he?I don’t think Tom is the best student in his class, is he?。

英语八大从句类型与用法总结
从句，是复句中具有分属地位的分句，它是一种绝大部分语言都有的语法结构。

在现代汉语的语法中，“从句”不作为专业术语被使用。

1 英语从句分类介绍从句体系包括：
从句体系(从句系统)图示
从句体系(从句系统)图示
第一，名词性从句（主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句及同位语从句）
第二，定语从句
第三，状语从句
分类
从句不能单独成句，但它也有主语部分和谓语部分，是一个特殊句子，就像一个句子一样。

所不同在于，从句须由一个关联词引导。

根据从句语法功能的不同可分为：主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、定语从句和状语从句6 类。

前四类由于主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句及同位语从句在句子的功用相当于名词，所以通称名词性从句；
定语从句功能相当于形容词，称为形容词性从句；
而状语从句功能相当于副词，称为副词性从句。

状语从句还可以分为条件状语从句、原因状语从句、地点状语从句、目的状语从句、让步状语从句、比较状语从句、方式状语从句、结果状语从句和时间状语从句。

主语从句（Subject Clause）。

高中英语知识点归纳宾语从句宾语从句是英语语法中的重要部分，它在句子中做宾语的作用。

了解和掌握宾语从句的使用方法对于学习英语非常重要。

在本文中，我们将归纳总结高中英语中涉及到的宾语从句的知识点。

一、宾语从句的定义与基本结构宾语从句是一个句子，它作为动词或介词的宾语出现，在句中承担宾语的作用。

宾语从句一般由连接词引导，连接词的选择根据从句在主句中的不同语法功能。

宾语从句的基本结构为：连接词 + 从句。

其中，连接词根据宾语从句所承担的语法功能可分为不同的类型，如：1. 连接词引导的陈述句型宾语从句：连接词：that结构：主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 连接词 + 从句2. 连接词引导的一般疑问句宾语从句：连接词：if/whether结构：主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 连接词 + 从句3. 连接词引导的特殊疑问句宾语从句：连接词：特殊疑问词（如who, what, when, where, why, how等）结构：主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 连接词 + 从句二、宾语从句的使用条件和注意事项1. 宾语从句可以出现在及物动词后、介词后，也可以作为主动词的宾语出现。

例如：- I know that he is a doctor.- She asked if I had finished my homework.- Can you tell me where the library is?2. 特殊注意的是，在一些动词后只能跟特定的宾语从句类型。

例如，某些动词只能跟连接词that引导的宾语从句，如：decide, believe, hope 等；而某些动词只能跟特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句，如：ask, wonder, know等。

例如：- They decided that they would go shopping.- She asked when the train would arrive.3. 当主句是一般现在时、一般过去时或一般将来时时，宾语从句的时态通常不受约束，根据具体情况来选择时态。

从句小结之欧侯瑞魂创作从句总述：从句有主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、定语从句和状语从句6类.由于主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句及同位语从句在句子的功用相当于名词,故而这4种从句又通称名词性从句.1.主语从句（Subject Clause）：用作主语的从句叫主语从句.引导主语从句的关联词有附属连词、疑问代词、疑问副词、缩合连接代词、缩合连接副词等.2.表语从句（Predicative Clause）：用作表语的从句叫表语从句.引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词年夜都一样.3.宾语从句（Object Clause）：在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句.宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句.4. 同位语从句（Appositive Clause）：在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句.它一般跟在某些名词后面,用以说明该名词暗示的具体内容.其关联词多为that. 状语从句还可以分为条件状语从句、原因状语从句、方位状语从句和时间状语从句等.宾语从句学习宾语从句要抓住三要素：时态、语序、连接词.一：时态和语序1·主句用一般现在时,从句可用任意时态.2·主句用过去时,从句用过去某个时态.3·主句用过去时,从句是真理时,只用一般现在时.语序：宾语从句只能用陈说句语序,坚决不能用疑问句语序.二：连接词①附属连词连接宾语从句的附属连词主要有that,if,whether. that引导暗示陈说句的宾语从句,而if和whether引导暗示“是否”的宾语从句.例句：He told that he would go to the college the next year 他告诉我他下一年上年夜学.I don’t know if there will be a bus any more.我不知道是否还会有公交车.②连接代词连接代词主要有who, whom ,whose ,what ,whoever ,whomever ,whosever, whatever, whichever等.连接代词一般指疑问,但what, whatever除指疑问外,也可以指陈说.例句：Do you know who has won Red Alert game?你知道谁赢了这一局红警游戏吗?③连接副词连接副词主要有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等.例句：He didn’t tell me when we should meet again.他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面.三：动词的宾语从句We all expect that they will win , for members of their team are stronger.我们都预料他们会赢,因为他们的队员更强壮.I have found out that all the tickets for the concert have been sold out.我发现这场音乐会的所有票都卖光了.make sure确保make up one’s mind下决心 keep in mind 牢记例句：Make sure that there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn them in.在上交试卷前确保没有任何毛病.四：可运用形式宾语it取代的宾语从句①动词find,feel,consider,make,believe等后面有宾语补足语的时候,则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置.例句：I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day .我认为每天多喝开水是有需要的.I feel it a pity that I haven’t been to the get-together.我没去聚会,感觉非常遗憾.②有些动词带宾语从句时寻要在宾语与从句前加it这类动词主要有:hate, take , owe, have, see to.例句：I hate it when they with their mouths full of food.我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话.五：介词的宾语从句用wh-类的介词宾语从句例句：We are talking about whether we admit students intoour club.我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部.I know nothing about my new neighbor except that he used to work with a company.对我的新邻居我只知道他曾在一家公司上班,其他一无所知.六：形容词的宾语从句一般来说形容词不能带宾语,更不能带宾语从句.但以下形容词除外：sure,certain,glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,sur prised例句：I am sure I will pass the exam.我确信我会通过考试.I am sorry that I have troubled you so long.很抱愧我这么长时间在打搅你.七：if,whether在宾语从句中的区别①if和whether在作“是否”解时,引导宾语从句常放在动词know,ask,care,wonder,find out等之后,介词后一般不用if②少数动词,如:leave,put,discuss,doubt后的宾语从句经常使用whether.③whether后可以加or not,可是if不成以.④在不定式前只能用whether.如：I can’t decide whether to stay. 我不能决定是否留下.⑤防止歧异时,我们经常使用whether而不用if.八：哪些宾语从句不成以省略引导词that①当一个动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时,此时第一个that可以省略,第二个that不成以省略;②当宾语从句有it做其先行词时;九：宾语从句的否定转移主句的谓语动词是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,espect,fancy,guess 等,而且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时,从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来,其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致.例句：I don’t think he will come to my party.而不能说成I t hink he won’t come to my party.我认为他不会来我的舞会.I don’t believe that man is killed by Jim,is he?我认为那个人不是Jim所杀的,是不是?★如果宾语从句中有某个含有否定意义的形容词或副词,其反义疑问句要用肯定形式.例句：We find that he never listens to the teachercarefully,does he?我们发现他历来不仔细听老师讲课,是不是?十：宾语从句的时态和语序当主句为现在时或将来时的时候,宾语从句的时态一般不受主句的时态所影响.当主句为过去时的时候,从句只能用和过去相关的时态.例句：The reporter asked if the government would take necessary measures to put down the to-do.记者问政府是否会采用需要的办法镇压骚乱.★如果从句是一个客观真理,那么从句的时候不根据主句的时态而变动例句：The teacher said that the moon goes around the earth yesterday.老师昨天说月亮绕着地球转.★宾语从句的拔出语形式例句：Who do you think the public might choose as their favorite singer this year?你认为今年公众会选谁为他们最喜欢的歌手.同位语从句（Appositive Clause）：在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句.它一般跟在某些名词后面,用以说明该名词暗示的具体内容.其关联词多为that.一、如：I heard the news that our team had won．我听到了我们队获胜的消息.I had no idea that you were here．我不知道你在这里.二、可以跟同位语从句的名词通常有news,idea,fact,promise,question,doubt,thought,hope,messag e,suggestion,words（消息）,possibility等,可展开来的笼统名词.如：I’ve come from Mr wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon．我从王先生那里来,他让我告诉你他今天下午不能来看你了.三、英语中引导同位语从句的词通有连词 that,whether,连接副词 how,when,where等.根据句意决定该用哪一个.l have no idea When he will be back．我不知道他什么时候回来.定语从句（Attributive Clause）：用作定语的从句叫定语从句.定语从句一般皆放在被它所修饰的名（代）词之后,这种名（代）词就叫作先行词（Antecedent）.引导定语从句的关联词为关系代词和关系副词.关系代词在定语从句中可用作主语、宾语、定语等；关系副词在定语从句中用作状语.①引导定语从句的关联词有who, whom, whose, that, when, where, why 和 which. 在非限制定语从句中, 只可用which, who, whose, where , when., 如果指代前面整个句子, 多用which.例句：The dog that/which was lost has been found. （失踪的狗已经找到了.）Those who are in favor of the proposal are expected to discuss it in detail after the meeting. （有人认为那些对这个提案有兴趣的人最好是在会后再具体讨论它.）There are many organizations whose purpose is to help the homeless. （存在着许多旨在帮手无家可归者的组织.）②当引导定语从句的先行词前有all, any, no, little, much, very first 等词, 或先行词前为形容词最高级所修饰时,或先行词为all, anything, nothing, something, everything 时,从句的引导词只能用that.The only thing that matters to the children is how soon they can have their holiday. （孩子们唯一关心的是他们什么时候放假.）These are the very points that puzzle me. （真正困扰我的是这些观点.）Is there anything that bothers you? （有什么事烦着你吗？）This is the best film that was ever produced by the company. （这部是那个公司有史以来拍摄得最好的片子.）③as 可做引导词引导定语从句, 多和such, the same 连用. 或者用在“从句比主句先发生”的情况,有“像……一样”之意.As 引导的定语从句也可修饰整个句子, 既可放在先行词后,也可放在句子开头.例句：Such people as you describe are rare nowadays.（你描述的那一类人现在很少了.）The boy was run over by a motor-car, as often happened in pre-liberation Shanghai.（那个男孩被一辆摩托轧过去了,这种事在解放前的上海是很多见的.）As is often the case, the girl forgot to bring her dictionary.（正如往常一样,这个女孩又忘了带上字典.）④介词+which/whom/whose从句The driver is the man from whose room she had stolen the gold watch.（她就是从那个司机的房间偷了金表的.）Language is a tool by means of which people communicate ideas with each other.（语言就是人们用来和其他人交流的一种工具.）例题：Water dissolves a part of nearly everything _______ it comes in contact.a. whereb. that c with which d as soon as⑤代/名+介词+which 从句He is needing a book, the name of which I don't know.（他需要一本书,可是我不知道书名.）In factories and in our daily life, there are many waste materials, all of which can he turned into useful things under certain condition.（在工厂里,在我们的日常生活中都有很多垃圾,其实这些垃圾在某种情况下是可以转酿成有用的工具的.）同位语从句与定语从句的区别.1、同位语从句与前面的名词是同位关系,即说明它前面名词的内容；而定语从句与前面的名词是修饰与被修饰关系,即限定它前面的名词范围,或弥补一些情况.如：The news that l have passed the exam is true．我通过了考试这一消息是真的.（同位语从句,即从句所表达的意思就是前面名词的内容.）The news that he told me just now is true．他刚才告诉我的消息是真的.（定语从句,从句对前面名词起修饰限制作用,即“他告诉我的”那个消息,而不是另外消息.）2、引导同位语从句的that是连词,在从句中不充任任何成分,而引导定语从句的that是关系代词,除起连接作用外,还在从句中充任主语、宾语或表语等.如：The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people.计算机能够识他人的声音的想法使许多人感到惊奇.（that 在从句中不充任任何成分.）The idea that he gave surprises many people．他提出的观点令许多人感到受惊.（that在从句中作gave的宾语.）状语从句（Adverbial Clause）：用作状语的从句叫作状语从句.其关联词是一些附属连词.修饰主句中的动词, 形容词和副词, 通常有附属连词引导, 按其意义和作用可分为时间, 地址, 条件, 原因, 让步, 目的, 结果, 方式, 比力.等分类1. 时间状语从句:1) 罕见连词有after,as,before,once,since,till,（not）until,when,whenever（no matter when）,while, as long as…2) no sooner…than, hardly(scarcely, barely)…when: 刚做…就….No sooner had I opened the door than the telephone rang.3) 还有 immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the minute, the instant, the second, every time etc I’ll tell you about it the moment you come.I got in touch with him immediately I received his letter.2. 地址状语从句: 一般用where or wherever 引导I will stand where I can see the parade clearly.Wherever they went, they were warmly welcome.3. 条件状语从句:真实条件从句:if, unless, so long as, provided that, supposing that, on condition that, in the event that, in case that etcI will not go to her party if she doesn’t invite me.I will not go to her party unless she invites me.4. 原因状语从句: 附属连词有because, as ,since, for, now, that, in that, seeing that, considering that(鉴于,由于) As the school regulations are written quite clearly,there is nothing more to be explained.Considering that the sweater was hard made, it was not expensive.Seeing that they are inexperienced, they are doing quite a good job.5. 让步状语从句:1): even if, though, even though, while(尽管) no matter what/how/which, however, whatever, whichever, however etc.He will not give up smoking even though the doctor advises him to.Whatever the consequence may be, I will be on your side.However hard she tried to explain, nobody trusted her.It has been the same result, whichever way you do it.2) 由as 引起的让步从句, 语气较强烈,被强调的词须放在句首.Simple as the question may seem, it is not at all common in nature.Cold as it is, the children play outdoors.Much as I respect him, I can’t agree with him.Object as you may, I will go on with my plan.3) whether…or,不论…或…whether you be a student or a teacher, you are required to obey the regulations of the school.6. 结果状语从句: so that, so…that, such…thatHe is so humorous that we’ll never forget him.She is such a nice girl that everybody likes to make friends with her.7. 目的状语从句: so that, in order that, for fear that, lest, in caseI checked all the results time and again for fear that there should be any mistakes.Telephone us in advance in order that we might make the necessary arragements.8.方式状语从句方式状语从句通常由as, (ju st) as…so…, as if, as though引导.1）as, (just) as…so…引导的方式状语从句通常位于主句后,但在(just) as…so…结构中位于句首,这时as从句带有比如的含义,意思是"正如…","就像",多用于正式文体,例如：Always do to the others as you would be done by.你希望人家怎样待你,你就要怎样待人.As water is to fish, so air is to man.我们离不开空气,犹如鱼儿离不开水.Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds.正如清扫房屋一样,我们也要扫除我们头脑中落后的工具.2）as if, as though 两者的意义和用法相同,引出的状语从句谓语多用虚拟语气,暗示与事实相反,有时也用陈说语气,暗示所说情况是事实或实现的可能性较年夜.汉译常作"仿佛……似的","好像……似的",例如：They completely ignore these facts as if (as though) they never existed.他们完全忽略了这些事实,就仿佛它不存在似的.（与事实相反,谓语用虚拟语气.）He looks as if (as though) he had been hit by lighting.他那样子就像被雷击了似的.（与事实相反,谓语用虚拟语气.）It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon.看来天气很快就会好起来.（实现的可能性较年夜,谓语用陈说语气.）说明：as if / as though也可以引导一个分词短语、不定式短语或无动词短语,例如：He stared at me as if seeing me for first time.他目不转睛地看着我,就像第一次看见我似的.He cleared his throat as if to say something.他清了清嗓子,像要说什么似的.The waves dashed on the rocks as if in anger.波涛冲击着岩石,好像很愤怒.9. 比力状语从句:1) as…as, not so/as…asthe film was not so exciting as we expected.这部片子没有我们期待的一样精彩The history of nursing is as old as the history of man.She likes them almost as much as Paul does.2) 比力级+than, so much/a lot more thanShe looks much younger than she is.The universe is a lot more complicated than you think.3) no more…than, not more…than, less…thanJack is not more frightened than Mike is. 不像马克那么害怕Tom is no more rich than Black3) the more…the moreThe farther north you go, the severer the winter is.The more I see of him, the less I like him.。

高中英语知识点归纳同位语从句与宾语从句的区别同位语从句与宾语从句是高中英语中比较重要的知识点，它们在句子中担任不同的成分，有着不同的功能和用法。

下面将对同位语从句与宾语从句的区别进行归纳总结。

一、同位语从句同位语从句是指在一个句子中，用来修饰名词或代词的从句。

它通常紧跟在被修饰名词或代词后面，用来对其进行解释、说明或补充。

同位语从句一般由“that”引导，也可以由连接词“whether/if/who/what/when/where/why/how”引导。

同位语从句的作用是对前面的名词或代词进行解释或进一步说明。

举例1：I have no idea whether he will come or not.翻译：我不知道他是否会来。

举例2：The news that he passed the exam made me happy.翻译：他通过考试的消息使我高兴。

从上面的例句可以看出，同位语从句分别对名词“idea”和“news”进行了解释和说明。

二、宾语从句宾语从句是指在一个句子中，作为另一个句子的宾语的从句。

宾语从句通常作为及物动词、及物介词或感叹句的宾语出现。

宾语从句的引导词多样，根据从句的内容不同可以使用“that/whether/if/who/whom/whose/what/which/how”等连接词。

宾语从句的作用是充当句子中的宾语，起到进一步说明或补充主句意思的作用。

举例1：She asked me if I had finished my homework.翻译：她问我是否完成了作业。

举例2：I don't know what he is doing.翻译：我不知道他在做什么。

从上面的例句可以看出，宾语从句分别作为动词“ask”和“know”的宾语出现，进一步说明了主句的意思。

三、同位语从句与宾语从句的区别1. 位置不同：同位语从句紧跟在被修饰的名词或代词之后，而宾语从句则作为动词的宾语出现在主句中。

同位语从句和宾语从句的详细区分同位语从句和宾语从句是英语语法中两个重要的句法结构。

虽然它们都属于从句，但它们在语法功能和用法上有着明显的差异。

本文将详细区分同位语从句和宾语从句，并从语法结构、引导词、意义和用法等方面进行解析。

一、同位语从句的定义及特点同位语从句是指在名词或代词后面用以解释或说明该名词或代词的从句。

它的作用是对名词或代词进行进一步的解释、说明或补充。

同位语从句与主句之间往往存在着平行的关系。

同位语从句的引导词通常有“that”、“whether”、“if”等，它们在从句中起连接作用。

同位语从句常用于表示观点、证明、描写等方面，用以加强语气或补充信息。

例如：1. I have no idea whether he will come or not.（我不知道他是否会来。

）2. The fact that he passed the exam surprised me.（他通过了考试的事实让我吃惊。

）3. Our hope is that the new project will be successful.（我们的希望是新项目会成功。

）二、宾语从句的定义及特点宾语从句是指在句子中作动词的宾语，并且在结构上是一个完整的句子。

它的作用是接受动作的影响，表达说话人对一个事实、看法、意愿或建议等的陈述或询问。

宾语从句的引导词通常有“that”、“whether”、“if”、“what”、“who”等，根据不同的引导词，可以表达不同的含义和作用。

宾语从句常用于陈述性动词、描写性动词、感知性动词、思维性动词等后面，用以表达说话人的意向、观点、看法等。

例如：1. She didn't know what he was talking about.（她不知道他在说什么。

）2. I wonder if/whether he can come to the party.（我想知道他是否能来参加派对。

中考英语语法全面精讲第十七讲、宾语从句、同位语从句宾语从句练习1．Excuse me, sir. Could you tell me ________？A．where is the bank nearestB．where is the nearest bankC．where the nearest bank isD．where was the bank nearest2．Mike was not listening carefully, so he failed to hear .A．what the teacher said B．how the teacher saidC．what did the teacher say D．how did the teacher say3．—Can I join you?—Sure , we are discussing ______.A．why we like the movie B．who should we go withC．how can we get there D．when shall we go for a picnic4．This book will show you ________ from books is put into practical use.A．how you’ve learned B．how what you’ve learnedC．how that you’ve learned D．that you’ve learned5．—Mum, summer holiday is coming. I wonder .—How about Qinling Wild Zoo？A．where can we go B．where we can goC．how we can go D．how we can go6．---Soldier, I don't care _____. In this army, there's only one hairstyle—short! Understand?---Yes, sir!A．what you are used to liking B．what are you used to likingC．what did you use to be like D．what you used to be like7．-Dad, do you know ___________ return from Beijing? I miss her very much.-Maybe next SundayA．how will Mum B．when will Mum. C．how Mum will D．when Mum will 8．——Do you know for vacation?——Next month.A．when Mr. Cooper will leaveB．when Mr. Cooper leftC．when will Mr. Cooper leaveD．when did Mr. Cooper leave9．—Could you please tell me ?—Oh, I’ll go there to attend a party.A．when you’ll go to Beijing B．how you’ll go to BeijingC．why you’ll go to Beijing D．whether you’ll go to Beijing10．Some people are interested in _______women’s sense of smell is better developed than _____of men. A．which; that B．what; one C．which; one D．whether; that参考答案1．Excuse me, sir. Could you tell me ________？A．where is the bank nearestB．where is the nearest bankC．where the nearest bank isD．where was the bank nearest【答案】C【解析】句意：-打扰一下，先生，你能告诉我最近的银行在哪里吗？where is the bank nearest形式错误，nearest是形容词最高级，应该放在名词前面，而且这个宾语从句中应使用陈述语序；where is the nearest bank是疑问语序，在宾语从句中应使用陈述语序；where the nearest bank is是where引导的宾语从句，从句中使用的是陈述语序，故应选C。

四种名词性从句(宾语从句、主语从句、同位语从句、表语从句)讲解与练习◆学习宾语从句学习宾语从句的连词、语序、时态和各种变化及特殊用法(直接引证变间接引语也在宾语从句的基础上还要进行人称、状语、少数动词和句型的变化)是为学习其它三种名词性从句(主从、表从、同位从)做铺垫，连词、语序、时态基本相同，只是后三种考点相对宾.语从句少的多，主要是对连词的应用进行考查。

所以学好宾语从句是必要的。

宾语从句三注意三特殊一注意:注意引导词(连词)由陈述句转化而来的宾语从句，引导词为that，that 在口语或非正式文体中可省略;由一般疑问句转化而来的宾语从句，引导词为if或whether;由特殊疑问句转化而来的宾语从句，引导词为句子本身的特殊疑问词，即what, when，where 等。

Eg：Tom says(that)he will fly to Beijing tomorrow.汤姆说他明天将要坐飞机去北京二注意:注意从句语序.宾语从句的语序应该为陈述句语序即“主语+谓语+宾语+其他”。

也就是说将疑问句转化成宾语从句时，一定要将疑问句语序转变成陈述句语序。

Can you tell me what he is doing能告诉我他正在做什么吗?<特别提醒>当疑问句在宾语从句中做主语时，语序不变。

Eg：Do you know what makes him so angry?你知道什么事使他如此生气吗？<特别提醒>如果宾语从句表示的是客观真理或是科学事实，其谓语动词仍用一般现在.时态。

Eg：Our teacher told us that the sun is much bigger than the moon.老师告诉我们说太阳比月球大得多。

◆主语从句(与宾词从句连词、语序、时态相同。

只是不能用if, that 不可省;)(一)、主语从句是一个句子，在句子中作主语成分。

(二)，主语从句的特点1.与宾语从句使用同样的连接词，只是if不能用;1)、陈述句用that。

同位语从句和宾语从句的详细对比同位语从句和宾语从句是英语语法中常见的两种从句结构。

它们在句子中扮演不同的角色和功能，因此对它们进行详细的对比分析能够帮助我们更好地理解和运用。

一、同位语从句同位语从句是指在主句中作为名词的同位语的从句，用来进一步解释或说明名词的内容。

同位语从句通常使用连接词that引导，但在口语和非正式场合中常省略that。

1. 定义和功能：同位语从句用来对前面的名词进行解释、说明、或进一步补充信息。

例如：Our belief that hard work leads to success is widely accepted. (我们相信努力工作会导致成功的观念被广泛接受。

)2. 结构和特点：同位语从句常以that引导，但也可以省略。

它在句子中的位置通常紧跟在前面的名词后面。

例如：The fact that she passed the exam made us happy. (她通过了考试的事实让我们很高兴。

)3. 例句：a) My hope is that we can achieve world peace. (我希望我们能够实现世界和平。

)b) The announcement that the party is cancelled disappointed many people. (派对取消的通知让很多人感到失望。

)二、宾语从句宾语从句是指在主句中作为宾语的从句，用来充当动词或介词的宾语。

宾语从句通常使用连词that引导，但在口语和非正式场合中也可以省略。

1. 定义和功能：宾语从句用于替代主句中的宾语，起到进一步补充、说明或解释的作用。

例如：He asked me if I had finished my homework. (他问我是否完成了我的作业。

)2. 结构和特点：宾语从句以that引导时可以省略，但以其他连接词时通常不省略。

它在句子中的位置通常紧跟在主句中的动词或介词之后。

高中英语宾语从句知识点总结高中英语宾语从句知识点总结一、定义：宾语从句就是一个句子作动词或介词的宾语。

二、结构：主语+谓语+连接词+从句。

三、连接词：1. 从属连词：that (无任何意思，在句中不做成分，口语中常可以省略)2. 连接代词：what, who, whom, whose, which (做从句中主语、宾语、或者定语，指物)。

3. 连接副词：where, when, how, why (做从句中的状语)。

四、注意事项：1. 宾语从句的语序必须是陈述句语序。

2. 引导词有：that (在陈述句中无任何意思，在句中不做成分，口语中常可以省略)，if/whether (是否)，特殊疑问词 (做从句中主语、宾语、或者定语，指物)，特殊疑问副词 (做从句中的状语)。

3. 有时态上的变化。

语序：无论前面主句动词是什么形式，从句的语序都要变成陈述语序。

五、例子：1. He asks (that) I should go there. (前面的从句为陈述语序，如果前面从句的主语为I时，I只用于全句，如 that 的作用是为了表明语气是否婉转）2. He is considering whether he can find out whose tools they are。

（做“是否”解时引导宾语从句，例如： Can the answer be true? ）3. I know where he lives. (where引导的宾语从句在复合句中作地点状语)4. He prefers music that is soft and light. (that在宾语从句中引导限定性定语从句。

去掉the images 后） (那样的，修饰后面的名词music)5. You don’t look well. I am afraid that you caught a bad cold. (that 在宾语从句中引导结果状语从句。

宾语从句与同位语从句的句子用法和区别宾语从句和同位语从句是复合句中常见的两种从句结构。

它们在句子中起到不同的语法和语义作用，让我们一起来了解它们的用法和区别。

一、宾语从句（Object Clauses）宾语从句是起宾语作用的从句，用来说明或补充主句中的动作或状态。

宾语从句通常包含一个疑问词或连接词，如“是否”、“是不是”、“怎么样”、“谁”、“何时”等，用于引导句子。

示例：1. 他不知道他是否会成功。

2. 她问他是不是喜欢吃巧克力。

3. 我想知道你能否帮我解答这个问题。

特点：1. 宾语从句与主句构成了一个完整的句子，具有主谓宾结构，可以独立成句。

2. 宾语从句置于及物动词或介词后面，通过连接词引导与主句关联。

3. 宾语从句的人称、时态等要根据主句的要求来调整。

二、同位语从句（Appositive Clauses）同位语从句用来对前面的名词或名词短语进行解释、说明或补充，它们之间通常用连接代词“关于”、“说”或连接副词“如何”等来引导。

示例：1. 大家都听说了她将会成为新的团队领导者。

2. 我的问题是，你是否明白我们公司的目标。

特点：1. 同位语从句与前面的名词或名词短语之间是一种解释或说明关系，从句本身不能独立成句。

2. 同位语从句通常以逗号隔开，放在名词或名词短语之后。

3. 同位语从句的人称、时态等要根据整个句子的需要来确定。

区别与联系：宾语从句和同位语从句虽然都是从句结构，但它们在用法和句子结构上存在一定的区别。

1. 句子结构宾语从句能够独立成句，具有主谓宾结构，即从句中包含有主语和谓语动词。

而同位语从句不能独立成句，它通常修饰或解释前面的名词或名词短语。

2. 位置要求宾语从句通常紧跟在动词或介词后面，用连接词引导与主句关联。

同位语从句通常以逗号隔开，并放在名词或名词短语之后。

3. 语义作用宾语从句主要是对主句中的动作或状态进行补充说明，提供更多细节。

同位语从句则是对前面的名词或名词短语进行解释、说明或补充。