湖南省保靖县民族中学2014届高三全真模拟考试理综试题 Word版含答案

2014年高考理科综合调研试卷参考答案2014年高考理科综合调研试卷参考答案1.A2.C3.C4.A5.D6.B7.B8.C9.D10.B11.C12.C13.B14.D15.C16.C17.B18.B19.AC20.BD21.AD22.（1）平衡摩擦力（2）砝码与砝码盘的总质量远远小于小车的质量（3）CD23.（1）将两表笔短接，进行欧姆调零6 Ω（2）①见下图②UI-r1U为电压表读数，I为电流表读数，r1为电流表A1的内阻24. 【解析】（1）设在AB段运动员克服摩擦力做功Wf，由动能定定理得mgR-Wf=12mvB2。

对运动员在B点受力分析，由牛顿第二定律得FN-mg=mv2BR，又FN=2.8mg，解得Wf=0.1mgR=1 080 J，vB=18 m/s。

（2）在BC段运动过程，对运动员受力分析。

由牛顿第二定律得，f=mg=ma，vC=vB-a=15 m/s ，由xB=vB+vC2t得，xB=9.9 m。

运动员从C到D做平抛运动，由H=12gt2得，t=2 s水平位移xC=vCt=30 m，所以B与D点的水平距离是s=xB+xC=39.9 m。

25. 【解析】（1）如图所示，带电粒子在电场中做类平抛运动，则水平方向：L=v0t竖直方向：L2=vy2t得vy=v0。

则P点的速度为v=2v0。

故带电粒子离开磁场时速度v的大小为2v0 。

（2） P点的速度与水平方向的夹角为θ，tanθ=vyv0=1，所以θ=45°vy=at，a=qEm，L=v0t，解得E=mv20qL。

（3）由几何关系可知，粒子在磁场中转过的圆心角为45°。

由几何关系得r=22L，粒子在磁场中做匀速圆周运动，qvB=mv2r，得B=2mv0qL。

26.（1）S2、SO2、CO2、CO（2）③②（3）5SO2+2MnO4-+2H2O=5SO42-+2Mn2++4H+（4）5.327.Ⅰ.（1）3MnO42-+2CO2=2MnO4-+MnO2↓+2CO32-（2）8600Ⅱ.（1）KOH（2）MnO42--e-=MnO4-Ⅲ.（1）24（2）①乙②Mn2+?D5e-+4H2O=MnO4-+8H+28.Ⅰ.（1）C（2）（3）5.6×10-5mol/LⅡ.（1）小于（答“ 根据动量守恒定律得，mv0-mvA=0，根据机械能守恒定律得，mgh=12mv20+12mv20，解得，v0=vA=gh。

沁园春·雪<毛泽东>北国风光，千里冰封，万里雪飘。

望长城内外，惟余莽莽；大河上下，顿失滔滔。

山舞银蛇，原驰蜡象，欲与天公试比高。

沁园春·雪 <毛泽东> 北国风光，千里冰封，万里雪飘。

望长城内外，惟余莽莽；大河上下，顿失滔滔。

山舞银蛇，原驰蜡象，欲与天公试比高。

须晴日，看红装素裹，分外妖娆。

江山如此多娇，引无数英雄竞折腰。

惜秦皇汉武，略输文采；唐宗宋祖，稍逊风骚。

一代天骄，成吉思汗，只识弯弓射大雕。

俱往矣，数风流人物，还看今朝。

须晴日，看红装素裹，分外妖娆。

江山如此多娇，引无数英雄竞折腰。

惜秦皇汉武，略输文采；唐宗宋祖，稍逊风骚。

一代天骄，成吉思汗，只识弯弓射大雕。

俱往矣，数风流人物，还看今朝。

2014年高考大纲版理综生物试题一、选择题1、下列有关细胞核的叙述，错误的是（）A．蛋白质是细胞核中染色质的组成成分B．细胞核中可进行遗传物质的复制和转录C．小分子物质可以通过核孔，大分子物质不能D．有丝分裂过程中存在核膜消失和重新形成的现象2.ATP是细胞中重要的高能磷酸化合物。

下列有关ATP的叙述，错误的是（）A.线粒体合成的ATP可在细胞核中发挥作用B.机体在运动时消耗ATP，睡眠时则不消耗ATPC.在有氧与缺氧的条件下细胞质基质中都能形成ATPD.植物根细胞吸收矿质元素离子所需的ATP来源于细胞呼吸作用3、下列关于人体淋巴细胞的叙述，错误的是（）A．在胸腺中发育成熟的T淋巴细胞可参与细胞免疫B．效应T淋巴细胞可攻击被病原体感染的宿主细胞C．T淋巴细胞和B淋巴细胞都是由造血干细胞发育成的D．T细胞释放的淋巴因子不能使受到抗原刺激的B细胞增殖4.某同学在①、②、③三种条件下培养大肠杆菌，这三种条件是：①以葡萄糖为碳源的培养基，不断补充培养基，及时去除代谢产物②以葡萄糖为碳源的培养基，不断补充培养基，不去除代谢产物③以葡萄糖和乳糖为碳源的培养基，不补充培养基，不去除代谢产物甲乙丙A．甲、乙、丙 B.乙、丙、甲 C.丙、甲、乙 D. 丙、乙、甲5．为验证单侧光照射会导致燕麦胚芽鞘中生长素分布不均匀这一结论，需要先利用琼脂块收集生长素，之后再测定其含量。

2理综试卷（考试时间150分钟满分300分）注意事项：1. 本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第卷（非选择题）两部分。

2. 回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题没有的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号，写在本试卷上无效。

答Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。

写在本试卷上无效。

可能用到的相对原子质量： H：1 C：12 O：16 N:14 Na：23 Cl：35.5 Cu：64 Mn：55第I卷一、选择题：1. DNA疫苗的研制是基因工程技术在疫苗研究中的重要突破。

它是指将编码某种蛋白质抗原的基因重组到载体上，直接或经包装注入机体细胞内表达出相应抗原，诱导机体产生免疫应答，尤其是能激活具有杀伤性作用的T细胞。

请推测下列有关DNA疫苗的叙述中，不正确的是 ( ) A．通过克隆技术可以大批量地生产DNA疫苗，因而成本较低B．相应抗原的表达过程必须有核糖体、线粒体等细胞器的参与C．不同抗原的DNA可整合在一起组成多价疫苗(对多种抗原起作用)D．接种DNA疫苗后，机体产生的免疫应答主要为体液免疫过程2.粗糙型链孢霉是一种真核生物，繁殖过程中通常由单倍体菌丝杂交形成二倍体合子。

合子进行一次减数分裂后，再进行一次有丝分裂，最终形成8个孢子。

已知孢子大型(R)对小型(r)为显性，黑色(T)对白色(t)为显性。

下图表示粗糙型链孢霉的一个合子形成孢子的过程，叙述正确的是A．该合子通过减数分裂和一次有丝分裂后最终形成的8个孢子基因型有4种B．图中c的染色体数目与合子相同，都是2NC．若不考虑变异，a、b、c的基因型相同D．①②过程中均有可能发生基因突变、基因重组3．如图，从没有经过饥饿处理的植物的同一叶片上陆续取下面积、厚薄相同的叶圆片，称其干重。

假定在整个实验过程中温度不变，叶片内有机物不向其他部位转移。

以下分析正确的是：（）A．三个叶圆片的质量大小关系一定是z>x>yB．叶圆片z在4小时内的有机物积累量为（z-x-2y）gC．叶圆片z在后2小时内的有机物制造量为（z+x-2y）gD．整个实验过程中呼吸速率可表示为（x-y）g／4h4.甲、乙、丙是食性相同的、不同种的蝌蚪，三者之间无相互捕食关系。

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二选择题本题包括 * 小题每小题给出的四个选项中 有的只有一个选项正确 有的有多个 选项正确全部选对得 ' 分选对但不全得 $ 分有选错的得 " 分 题号 选项 #& , #( . #' #) #* / #+ . !" , !# . , /

7、化学与生产、生活联系密切，下列说确的是A．常用作净水剂的KAl(SO4)2和漂白粉都是强电解质B．维生素C具有还原性，在人体起抗氧化作用C．对“地沟油”进行分馏可以获得汽油发动机的燃料D．人造纤维、合成纤维和光导纤维都是有机高分子化合物8、下列说法错误的是A．除去MgCl2溶液中少量的FeCl3，可选用MgCO3B．稀硫酸中加入Zn粉，随着反应的进行，溶液中水的电离程度逐渐增大C．能溶解氧化铝的溶液中可能大量存在：HCO3－、SO42－、NO3－、Na＋D．等物质的量浓度的(NH4)2SO4溶液和(NH4)2CO3溶液中，c(NH4+)前者大于后者9、X、Y、Z、W、R属于短周期元素。

已知它们都不是稀有气体元素，X原子半径是短周期中最大的，Y元素的原子最外层电子数为m，次外层电子数为n，Z元素的原子L层电子数为m＋n，M层电子数m－n，W元素与Z元素同主族，R元素原子与Y元素原子的核外电子数之比为2∶1。

下列叙述错误的是()A．Y的氢化物比R的氢化物稳定，Y的氢化物熔沸点比R的氢化物低B．X与Y形成的两种化合物中阴、阳离子的个数比均为1∶2C．Z、W、R最高价氧化物对应水化物的酸性强弱顺序：R＞W＞ZD．Y分别与Z、W、R以两种元素组成的常见化合物有5种10、设N A表示阿伏加德罗常数的值。

下列说确的是A．在粗铜精炼中，阴极析出64g铜，阳极转移的电子数为2N AB．标准状况下，11.2 LSO3含有的SO3分子数为0.5 N AC．常温常压下，1 mol甲苯含碳碳双键的数目是3 N AD．常温常压下，pH=13的氢氧化钡溶液中含有OH－的数目为0.1 N A11、分子式为C5H11Cl且能发生消去反应生成烯烃的卤代烃有几种A．5 B．6 C．7 D．812、下列反应的离子方程式书写正确的是A．用食醋除去水壶的水垢：CaCO3+2H＋=Ca2＋+CO2↑+H2OB．用FeCl3溶液腐蚀铜线路板：Cu + Fe3+＝Cu2+ + Fe2+C．FeBr2溶液入少量Cl2：2Br－+ Cl2 = Br2 + 2Cl－D．在NaHCO3溶液中加入少量石灰水：2HCO3－+2OH－+Ca2＋=CaCO3↓+ CO32－+2H2O二、填空题26、（14分）(2-羟基-4-苯基丁酸乙酯)是制备某药物的中间体，常温下是一种无色透明的油状液体。

2014年理综模拟试题解析物理部分一，选择题（本题包括7小题，有的只有一个选项正确，有的有多个选项正确，全部选对的得4分，选对但不全的得2分，有选错的得0分）16．了解物理规律的发现过程，学会像科学家那样观察和思考，往往比掌握知识本身更重要。

以下符合事实的是A．焦耳发现了电流热效应的规律B．库仑总结出了点电荷间相互作用的规律C．楞次发现了电流的磁效应，拉开了研究电与磁相互关系的序幕D．牛顿将斜面实验的结论合理外推，间接证明了自由落体运动是匀变速直线运动答案：AB解析：奥斯特发现了电流的磁效应，C项错误。

伽利略将斜面实验结论合理外推，间接证明自由落体运动是匀速直线运动，D项错误。

点评：考查了物理学史上一些典型思想和科学研究方法，物理学史中所包含的艰辛探索、研究方法、创造性思想，及其对物理学发展的影响、对社会的推动等无不深深地影响着考生的情感态度价值观。

所涉及的物理学史内容都是教材中所提及的，比较简单。

17．甲、乙为两颗地球卫星，其中甲为地球同步卫星，乙的运行高度低于甲的运行高度，两卫星轨道均可视为圆轨道。

以下判断正确的是A．甲的周期大于乙的周期B．乙的速度大于第一宇宙速度C．甲的加速度小于乙的加速度D．甲在运行时能经过北极的正上方答案：AC解析：此题通过分析卫星的定轨运行，考查万有引力定律和圆周运动知识。

卫星绕地球做圆周运动，万有引力提供向心力，有解得，所以B项错误。

，。

因为，所以，，A C 选项正确。

地球同步卫星只能定点于赤道正上方与赤道平面共面上，D项错误。

点评：万有引力试题起到引导考生要关注航天技术研究及在应用方面我国所取得的骄人成绩。

对这类物理问题的解答将会提高考生的民族自豪感，体现了新课标的理念。

18．如图所示，将小球从地面以初速度竖直上抛的同时，将另一相同质量的小球从距地面处由静止释放，两球恰在处相遇（不计空气阻力）。

则A．两球同时落地B．相遇时两球速度大小相等C．从开始运动到相遇，球动能的减少量等于球动能的增加量D．相遇后的任意时刻，重力对球做功功率和对球做功功率相等答案：C解析：以自由落体和竖直上抛运动为情境，考查v-t图象和动能定理。

1．下列词语中字形，读音全都正确．．的一组是（）A．靓．妆（jìng）简截挑．大梁（tiāo）屈意逢迎B．包扎．（zhā）宵夜国子监．（jiàn）要言不繁C．沏．茶(qì) 遨翔拗．脾气（niù）反唇相稽D．金钏．（chuàn）佳宾一爿．店（pán）两全其美2．下列成语运用正确的一项是（）A．日本首相安倍晋三对外宣称钓鱼岛国有化，此种危言危行．．．．严重伤害中日两国的正常的外交关系。

B．光盘行动，是一项主题为“从我做起，今天不剩饭”的公益活动，倡议市民“光盘”离开，如此上行下效．．．．，逐步形成节俭的好风气。

C．范曾泼墨人物画的出现，使几成绝响的梁楷泼墨人物画，于八百年之后，再次奏出黄．钟大吕．．．般的华美乐章。

D．在社会转型时期，很多复杂的社会问题单靠某一部门、某一行业的力量很难解决，需要大家群策群力．．．．。

3．下列句子中没有语病的一项是（）A．2014年3月28日，437具中国人民志愿军烈士遗骸运抵沈阳抗美援朝烈士陵园。

当日12时50分许，40余辆军用卡车驶进沈阳抗美援朝烈士陵园，车上悬挂着印有“烈士业绩永载史册”、“祖国和人民永远铭记你们”等字样的条幅。

B．在过去的50年里，中法两国人民共同培育了独立自主、相互理解、高瞻远瞩、合作共赢的精神，对我们开创中法关系更加美好的未来具有重要指导意义。

C．尽管价格昂贵，但近年来，找美国人代孕，已渐渐成为部分中国富人的一种选择。

这种选择的背后，还是有美国国籍捆绑的利益诱惑的原因在作怪。

D．中华书局经过论证与调研，认为原教材所承载的中华文化内容乃是中华传统文化中的经典内容，具有广泛的共通性与普适性。

4．下列选项中的标题和诗句填入画横线处，最恰当的一项是（）花开不并百花丛，独立疏篱趣未穷。

，何曾吹落北风中。

A.秋菊惟愿常开香不败B.寒菊宁可枝头抱香死C.残菊无畏风霜花枝傲D.奇菊但见花枝傲霜雪二、文言文阅读（22分。

2013-2014学年度下学期高三二轮复习理综综合验收试题（2）【新课标】本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分，其中第Ⅱ卷第33～40题为选考题，其它题为必考题。

考生作答时，将答案答在答题卡上，在本试卷上答题无效。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，认真核对条形码上的姓名、准考证号，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡的指定位置上。

2.选择题答案使用2B铅笔填涂，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号;非选择题答案使用0.5毫米的黑色中性(签字)笔或碳素笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。

3.请按照题号在各题的答题区域(黑色线框)内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效。

4.保持卡面清洁，不折叠，不破损。

5.做选考题时，考生按照题目要求作答，并用2B铅笔在答题卡上把所选题目对应的题号涂黑。

可能用到的相对原子质量：H1 C12 N14 O16 Na23 Mg24 Al27 Fe56 Ni59 Cu64第I卷一、选择题：本题共13小题，每小题6分，在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。

1.硝化细菌、破伤风芽孢杆菌、酵母菌的细胞结构及功能有很大区别，但是它们A.都能进行繁殖和有氧呼吸B.都没有核膜和染色体C.都能通过无丝分裂增加细胞数目D.都含有DNA和RNA两种核酸2.取某个生物不同类型的正常体细胞，检测其基因表达，结果如图所示，已知基因1～8中只有一个是控制核糖体蛋白质合成的基因。

关于此图说法错误的是A.控制核糖体蛋白质合成的基因最有可能是基因2B.图中7种细胞的遗传物质是相同的C.图中7种细胞中的mRNA的种类是相同的D.此图可用于说明细胞分化的本质3.如图表示细胞膜对不同物质的转运过程及相关结构，下列哪项叙述是正确的A.a可以表示小肠上皮细胞吸收葡萄糖B.b可以表示植物细胞质壁分离时水分子的主要移动方向C.c可以表示神经细胞处于静息状态时K+移动方向D.浆细胞能够依靠e识别相应的抗原4.某生物兴趣小组尝试设计制作生态瓶，观察其稳定性，下面是设计生态瓶应遵循的原则，其中不合理的是A.应定时向瓶内通入氧气，保证生物的有氧呼吸B.瓶内各种生物的数量应配比合理C.瓶内各种生物之间应有营养上的联系D.瓶内生态系统应有持续充足的能量供应5.某小岛上生活着两种棕榈科植物，研究认为：200万年前，它们的共同祖先迁移到该岛时，一部分生活在pH较高的石灰岩上，开花较早;另一部分生活在pH较低的火山灰上，开花较晚。

第Ⅰ卷 （选择题 共126分）
一、选择题：本大题共l3小题。在每小题给出的四个选项中，只
有一项是符合题目要求的。 源自1、下列有关细胞器的说法中正确的是
（ ） A．核糖体是噬菌体、细菌、酵母菌共有的细胞器 B．线粒体是有氧呼吸的主要场所，在其中生成的产物有丙酮
酸、二氧化碳和水
2014年高考最新全真模拟试题及答案
理综部分
本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分。满分
300分，考试时间150分钟。
以下数据可供解题时参考：
相对原子质量（原子量）：Hl Cl2 N14 O16 Na23 Mg 24 A1 27 S
32 C1 35．5 Fe 56 Cu 64
的兴奋性
1
C．叶绿体是所有生物进行光合作用的场所，含有DNA、蛋白
质和磷脂等成分
D．在植物细胞有丝分裂末期，细胞中的高尔基体的活动加强
2、下列关于人体主要内分泌腺所分泌激素与功能的叙述，错误的
是
A．下丘脑分泌的促激素释放激素影响内分泌系统的功能 B．甲状腺激素可以促进新陈代谢和生长发育，提高神经系统

高2014级第六次调研考试理科综合试题（本试卷共12页，满分：300分，考试时间：150分钟）注意事项：1．本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分。

答卷前，考生务将自己的姓名、考号填写在答题卡上。

2．回答第I卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号框涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号框。

写在本试卷上无效。

3．回答第II卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。

写在本试卷和草稿纸上无效。

4．考试结束后，将答题卡交回。

5．本试卷共16页。

如遇缺页、漏页、字迹不清等情况，考生须及时报告监考老师。

可能用到的相对原子量：H-1 C-12 N-14 O-16 S-32 Cl-35.5 I-127 Na-23 Al-27 Fe-56第I卷一、选择题：（本题共13小题，每小题6分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。

）1．下列物质的合成都能够体现“基因选择性表达”的是（）A．血红蛋白和促甲状腺激素B．RNA聚合酶和抗体C．神经递质和呼吸酶D．ATP和胰高血糖素2．用2 mol/L的乙二醇溶液和2 mol/L的蔗糖溶液分别浸泡某种植物细胞，观察质壁分离现象，得到其原生质体积变化情况如下图所示。

下列表述中不正确的是（）A．该细胞不可能是根尖分生区的细胞B．AB段曲线表明细胞液浓度在逐渐增大C．BC段表明该细胞开始因失水过多而逐渐死亡D．用一定浓度的KNO3溶液代替乙二醇溶液，可得到类似的结果3．下图为绿色植物光合作用过程示意图（物质转换用实线表示，能量传递用虚线表示，图中a～g为物质，①～⑥为反应过程）。

下列判断错误的是（）A．图中a物质主要吸收红光和蓝紫光，绿色植物能利用它将光能转换成活跃的化学能储存在c中B．图中①表示水分的吸收，③表示水的光解C．将b物质用18O标记，最终在（CH2O）中能检测到放射性18OD．在g物质供应充足时，突然停止光照，C3的含量将迅速下降4．研究人员将小鼠第8号染色体短臂上的一个DNA片段（长约30 kb）进行了敲除，结果发现培育出的小鼠血甘油三酯极高，具有动脉硬化的倾向，并可以遗传给后代。

理科综合能力测试2014.6本试卷共12页，满分300分．考试时间150分钟．注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考号填写在答题卡上．用2B铅笔将答题卡试卷类型（A）填涂在答题卡上，并在答题卡右上角的“试室号”和“座位号”栏填写试室号、座位号，将相应的试室号、座位号信息点涂黑．2．选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案答在试题卷上无效．3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答卷上各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液．不按以上要求作答的答案无效．4．考试结束后，将答卷和答题卡一并交回．第一部分选择题（共118分）一、单项选择题：本大题共16小题，每小题4分。

共64分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一个选项符合题目要求，选对的得4分，选错或不答的得0分。

1．关于酶与ATP的叙述正确的是（）A．人体成熟的红细胞既能产生酶又能产生ATPB．酶的形成需要消耗ATP，ATP的形成需要酶的催化C．酶与ATP均具有高效性与专一性D．ATP含有核糖，而所有的酶均不含核糖2．紫色洋葱表皮细胞发生质壁分离后，在显微镜下观察到（）3．2010年11月是第十个全球肺癌关注月，下列有关说法正确的是（）A．肺癌的化疗主要是利用药物作用于癌细胞周期的分裂期B．肺癌患者体内所有细胞均发生了癌变C．肺部癌细胞的形态结构发生了显著变化D．只要不吸烟并避免吸入“二手烟”就不会患肺癌4．下列化学物质中，不是植物激素的是（）A．乙烯B．吲哚丁酸C．赤霉素D．2，4-D5．有关DNA的叙述正确的是（）A. 碱基序列的多样性构成了DNA分子结构的多样性B. DNA 是蛋白质合成的直接模板C. 双链DNA分子的任意一条链中碱基A的数量一定与T相等D. 细胞内DNA双链必须完全解旋后才进行复制6．关于生物变异与生物进化的叙述，正确的是（）A．变异均能为生物进化提供原材料B．太空射线能使种子发生定向变异C．一个碱基对的缺失引起的变异属于染色体变异D．自然选择会使种群基因频率发生定向改变7．下列说法不正确的是A．氯乙烯、聚乙烯、苯乙烯都是不饱和烃B．蛋白质溶液中加入浓的硫酸铵溶液会有沉淀析出C．苯能与溴在一定条件下发生取代反应D．淀粉和纤维素水解的最终产物都是葡萄糖8．下列无色溶液中的离子能大量共存的是A．K+、Na+、MnO4－、SO42－B．H+、K+、NO3－、SO32－C．Na+、Ba2+、Cl－、Br－D．Fe3+、NH4+、SCN－、HCO3－9．设NA为阿伏加德罗常数的数值，下列叙述中正确的是A．3.4gNH3中含有电子数为0.2NA （相对原子质量：N-14、H-1）B．标准状况下，22.4L Cl2参加所有化学反应转移的电子数一定都是2NAC．标准状况下，0.5NA个SO3分子所占的体积约为11.2LD．500mL 1mol/L氯化铁溶液中的Fe3+数小于0.5NA10．参照反应Br+H2 HBr+H的能量对反应历程的示意图，下列叙述中正确的是A．正反应为放热反应B．加入催化剂，该化学反应的反应热变大C．反应物总能量低于生成物总能量D．升高温度可增大正反应速率，降低逆反应速率11．X、Y、Z、W均为短周期元素，它们在元素周期表中相对位置如图所示。

2014年湖南高考理科综合真题及答案一．选择题：本题共13小题，每小题6分，在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。

1．关于细胞膜结构和功能的叙述，错误的是A.脂质和蛋白质是组成细胞膜的主要物质B.当细胞衰老时，其细胞膜的通透性会发生改变C.甘油是极性分子，所以不能以自由扩散的方式通过细胞膜D.细胞产生的激素与靶细胞膜上相应受体的结合可实现细胞间的信息传递【答案】C【解析】甘油进入细胞是自由扩散2．正常生长的绿藻，照光培养一段时间后，用黑布迅速将培养瓶罩上，此后绿藻细胞的叶绿体内不可能发生的现象是A.O2的产生停止B.CO2的固定加快C.ATP/ADP比值下降D.NADPH/NADP+比值下降【答案】B【解析】用黑布迅速将培养瓶罩上使光反应停止，O2的产生停止，ATP和NADPH生成减少，ATP/ADP和NADPH/NADP比值下降，暗反应CO2的固定减慢3．内环境稳态是维持机体正常生命活动的必要条件，下列叙述错误的是A.内环境保持相对稳定有利于机体适应外界环境的变化B.内环境稳态有利于新陈代谢过程中酶促反应的正常进行C.维持内环境中Na+、K+浓度的相对稳定有利于维持神经细胞的正常兴奋性D.内环境中发生的丙酮酸氧化分解给细胞提供能量，有利于生命活动的进行【答案】D【解析】丙酮酸氧化分解发生在细胞内，不属于内环境。

4．下列关于植物细胞质壁分离实验的叙述，错误的是A.与白色花瓣相比，采用红色花瓣有利于实验现象的观察B.用黑藻叶片进行实验时，叶绿体的存在会干扰实验现象的观察C.用紫色洋葱鳞片叶外表皮不同部位观察到的质壁分离程度可能不同D.紫色洋葱鳞片叶外表皮细胞的液泡中有色素，有利于实验现象的观察【答案】B【解析】黑藻叶片的叶肉细胞叶绿体的存在使原生质层呈绿色，有利于实验现象的观察5．下图为某种单基因常染色体隐性遗传病系谱图（深色代表的个体是该遗传病患者，其余为表现型正常个体）。

近亲结婚时该遗传病发病率较高，假定图中第Ⅳ代的两个个体婚配生出一个患该遗传病子代的概率为1/48，那么，得出此概率值需要的限定条件A.Ⅰ－2和Ⅰ－4必须是纯合子B.Ⅱ－1、Ⅲ－1和Ⅲ－4必须是纯合子C.Ⅱ－2、Ⅱ－3、Ⅲ－2和Ⅲ－3必须是杂合子D.Ⅱ－4、Ⅱ－5、Ⅳ－1和Ⅳ－2必须是杂合子【答案】B【解析】近亲结婚时该遗传病发病率较高，所以为常染色体隐性遗传病，用A/a表示，则Ⅱ－2、Ⅱ－3、Ⅱ－4都为Aa,当Ⅱ－1为纯合子，Ⅱ－2为1/2Aa，当Ⅲ－1为纯合子，Ⅳ－1为1/4Aa，当Ⅲ－4为纯合子，Ⅳ－2为2/3*1/2=1/3 Aa，Ⅳ－1与Ⅳ－2婚配子代为1/4*1/3*1/4=1/48与题意符合。

湖南省保靖县民族中学2014届高三理综全真模拟考试试题1、右图为某种生物细胞亚显微结构示意图。

下列有关叙述正确的是A、放在清水中该细胞可以发生质壁分离。

B、该细胞可能来自于人体。

C、该细胞的遗传物质是DNA。

D、水分子进出该细胞需要消耗线粒体产生的ATP。

2、以下关于生物体的组成物质、结构以及功能的叙述中，正确的是A、细胞核是细胞代谢和遗传的控制中心，代谢旺盛的细胞中细胞核增多B、在植物根尖分生区等代谢旺盛的细胞中，线粒体和结合水的含量都较多C、组成抗体、RNA聚合酶、DNA限制性内切酶的基本单位是核苷酸。

D、线粒体、核糖体、叶绿体、染色体的结构或物质中都含有五碳糖参与组成的物质3基因细胞1 细胞2 细胞3 细胞4 细胞5 细胞6 细胞7 细胞8a + - + - + + - -b + - - + - - - -c + + + + + + + +d - - - + - - + +e - + - - + - - +f + - - - - - - -g - - + + - + - -h + - + - - - - -注: “+A、若基因a～h中只有一个是控制核糖体合成蛋白质的基因，则该基因最有可能是cB、图中8种细胞的核酸中都含有5种元素，4种碱基C、若细胞中f基因表达的产物为胰岛素，则只有细胞1含有胰岛素基因D、此图说明细胞分化导致基因的选择性表达。

4、下图表示某卵原细胞(含4条染色体)的分裂示意图，①～⑥代表细胞。

若不考虑基因突变和交叉互换，则下列叙述正确．．的是A、细胞①中有两个染色体组，其中A和a所在的染色体属于非同源染色体。

B、细胞②为极体，细胞②和细胞③含有的DNA分子数一定相等。

C、细胞③有2个b基因, 也可能含有4个b基因。

D、细胞④⑤⑥的基因型最可能是aB和aB、A。

5、下列关于免疫的说法，正确的是：A、抗体与抗原的特异性结合而清除抗原，不属于内环境稳态的调节。

B、人体细胞的组成成分，不会作为抗原而使人体产生特异性免疫反应。

湖南省保靖县民族中学2014届高三数学全真模拟考试试题新人教A 版1．函数y =（ ） A ．()0,+∞ B ．()0,1 C ．()1,+∞ D ．[)1,+∞ 2．复数21z i=-（i 是虚数单位）在复平面内对应的点为：（ ） A ．()1,1 B ．()1,1- C ．11,22⎛⎫-⎪⎝⎭ D ．11,22⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭3．三棱柱的侧棱与底面垂直，且底面是边长为2的等边三角形， 其正视图（如图所示）的面积为8，则该三棱柱左视图的面积为（ ）A．C．．4．已知集合{}0,1,1A =-，{}21B x R x =∈=，则x A ∈是x B ∈的（ ）A ．充分不必要条件B ．必要不充分条件C ．充分必要条件D ．既非充分又非必要条件7. 若向量(1,0)(0,1)a b ==，，且1c a c b ⋅=⋅=，则1c ta b t++（0t >）的最小值是：（ ）A ．2 B ． C ．4D ．8．设实数,x y 满足约束条件202502x y x y y --≤⎧⎪+-≥⎨⎪≤⎩，则x y u x +=的取值范围是：（ ）A ．43,32⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦B ．1,23⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦ C ．4,33⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦ D ．3,32⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦正视图9．已知双曲线()222210,0x y a b a b-=>>的左、右焦点分别为12,F F ，以12F F 为直径的圆与双曲线渐近线的一个交点为()4,3，则此双曲线的方程为：（ ）A ．22134x y -= B ．22143x y -= C ．221916x y -= D ．221169x y -= 10．定义在R 上的奇函数()f x ，当x ≥0时，))12log (1),0,1()1|3|,1,x x f x x x ⎧+∈⎡⎣⎪=⎨⎪--∈+∞⎡⎣⎩，则关于x 的函数()()F x f x a=-（0＜a ＜1）的所有零点之和为：（ ） A ．12a - B ．21a - C ．12a-- D ．21a--第II 卷（共100分）二、填空题（本大题共5小题，每小题5分，共25分）. 11．cos300= .12．数列{}n a 的前n 项和为()11121n n n S a a S n N *+==+∈，，，则n a = .13．以平面直角坐标系的原点为极点，以x 轴的正半轴为极轴，建立极坐标系，则圆222x y +=上的点到曲线cos sin 4(,)R ρθρθρθ+=∈的最短距离是 . 14．命题“[]1,2x ∃∈，使20x a x++≥”是真命题，则实数a 的取值范围为 。

2014届理科综合试卷生物模拟考试试卷参考答案
1—6 D B A B D C
29.（除标明外，每空1分，共11分）
（1）（2分）
（2）植物Ⅰ主要在夜间吸收CO2，植物Ⅱ主要在白天吸收CO2（2分）Ⅰ自然选择（进化）
（3）光照强度（光照）、温度、无机盐（矿质元素）（任答二项）（2分）
（4）糖类中的化学能转化为ATP中的化学能和热能 [H]和ATP ①②
30.（11分，每空1分）
（1）胰岛素葡萄糖载体胰岛素（的浓度）、胰岛素受体（的数目）
（2）胰高血糖素（肾上腺素）
（3）Ⅰ型自身免疫Ⅱ型
（4）核糖体、内质网、高尔基体
(5)胰岛B细胞能直接感受血糖含量的变化而调节胰岛素的分泌
(6)①应用低糖培养液培养胰岛A细胞②缺少对照
31．（10分）(除标明外，每空1分，共8分)
（1）BBii和Bbii （2分） 1/9 （2分）白毛狗：黑毛狗：褐毛狗=2∶1∶1 （2分）（2）碱基对的排列顺序不同两(多)对基因决定一种性状
（3）图中标号②的细胞的不均等分裂
（4）细胞③不含有同源染色体，且染色体数目减半
32.（7分）
(1)A D (2)竞争（3）垂直（4）130 （5）二和第三一（6）抵抗力
40.（15分）
（1）动物细胞培养、胚胎移植（2分）。

（2）③④②⑤⑥①（2分）。

（3）促性腺激素；（早期）胚胎（答卵细胞不得分）。

（4）D E；滋养层细胞。

（5）生理状态；对物质的吸收具有选择透过性。

（6）雌性或雄性（不能确定）（2分）；白面绵羊；。

Conversation 11. What did the two speakers do just now?A. Played tennis together.B. Watched a tennis game.C. Joined the tennis team.2. When will they play tennis together?A. This Thursday.B. This Saturday.C. This Sunday.Conversation 23. What is the man asking about?A. The way to the zoo.B. The time of the bus.C. The position of the zoo.4. Which bus will the man take probably?A. No. 36 bus.B. No. 301 bus.C. No. 30 bus.Conversation 35. Where does the conversation take place?A. In a furniture store.B. In a coffee house.C. In the girl‘s room.6. What doesn‘t the girl care about?A. The color of the table.B. The design of the table.C. The price of the table.Conversation 47. What are they talking about?A. A car accident.B. A surgery.C. Two lucky men.8. What‘s wrong with the second driver?A. His legs were injured.B. His arms were injured.C. His head was injured.9. What was the condition of the first driver this morning?A. Hopeless.B. Very good.C. Serious.Conversation 510. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?A. Boss and employee.B. Clerk and customer.C. Wife and husband.11. How many kinds of vegetables will be on the list?A. Four.B. Three.C. Seven.12. How will they pay?A. By credit card.B. By cash.C. By check. Conversation 613. What is the original price of the sofa?A. 1,150 yuan.B. 2,300 yuan.C. 4,600 yuan.14. What is the woman‘s suggestion?A. Buying one floor lamp.B. Buying two floor lamps.C. Buying two desk lamps.15. What do we know about the man?A. He chose a leather sofa.B. His living-room is small.C. He came here for the first time.Section B (7.5 marks)Directions: In this section, you will hear a short passage. Listen carefully and then fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Fill in each blank with NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS.Part II Language Knowledge (45 marks)Section A (15 marks)Directions: For each of the following unfinished sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence.24. — W hat‘s wrong with your phone?— I ________ all the morning but I can‘t get through.A. calledB. have been callingC. callD. am calling25. Tom went to the doctor‘s this morning for a check up ________he met up with an old friend.A. whenB. whichC. whomD. where26. — I will come to attend your lecture at 10:00 tomorrow.—I‘m sorry, by then my lecture will have ended and I ________ in my office.A. am workingB. will workC. will be workingD. will have worked27. If you _________ harder last year, you _________ so upset today.A. worked; would not beB. had worked; would not have beenC. worked; would not have beenD. had worked; would not be28. I‘m going to buy my daughter my daughter another interesting novel, _________ she would like to read.A. thatB. whatC. oneD. it29. He drank up the whole bottle of milk, not _________ even a drop to his little brother.A. leaveB. leavingC. leftD. to leave30. — Is it real that my father will come back from America tonight t celebrate my birthday?— Yes, of course. There ________!A. comes heB. he does comeC. does he comeD. he comes31. ________ people think the show is funny, it doesn't matter who tells the jokes.A. Even thoughB. As long asC. As ifD. In order that32. There is no doubt that ________ a goal, one needs not only knowledge but also good personalities.A. realizesB. realizingC. being realizedD. to realize33. — I came across the next-door boy in the countryside. Do you still remember him?— Of course, he ________to help us whenever we had a problem.A.would comeB. comesC. has comeD. had come34. He has donated some money to those who________ in poverty, which _______ of great help.A. live, areB. lives, areC. live, isD. lives, is35. Wherever you prefer to work after graduation, _________ close contacts with your family members.A. keepB. keepingC. to keepD. keptSection B (18 marks)Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Peter was a US Navy fighter pilot in Vietnam. On his 75th mission, his fighter was 36 and he was forced to eject（弹射出去）. The only thing between him and imminent（逼近的）death was his parachute（降落伞）that he prayed would open. The parachute did open and Peter made it down to the ground alive, but he was 37 alive and spent 6 years in a Vietnamese prison camp.One day, many years after returning to his homeland, Peter and his wife were sitting in a little restaurant in Kansas City 38 he noticed a guy who kept looking at him.Peter looked back but didn‘t recognize him, but he kept catching thi s guy 39 him. Finally the guy stood up and walked over to Peter‘s 40 and said, ―You‘re Peter.‖ Peter looked up at him and said, ―Yes.‖ The guy said, ―You‘re a 41 pilot, part of that ‗Top Gun‘ outfit. You launched from the aircraft carrier Kitty Hawk, you parachuted into enemy territory and you spent six years as a 42 of war.‖43 surprised, Peter looked up at the guy and asked, ―How in the world did you know all that?‖ The man laughed and said, ―Because I 44 your parachute.‖Peter was 45 . The man grabbed Peter‘s hand and pumped his arm and said, ―I guess it worked,‖ and walked off.Think about this for yourself. How many times in life do you 46 the people who help you out the most? The people who come out of the far 47 of your life just when you need them the most and pack your parachutes for you?36. A. hurt B. spoiled C. injured D. destroyed37. A. caught B. held C. taken D. removed38. A. while B. as C. when D. once39. A. staring at B. glaring at C. glancing at D. glimpsing at40. A. desk B. table C. house D. restaurant41. A. helicopter B. fighter C. plane D. warship42. A. friend B. pilot C. soldier D. prisoner43. A. Somewhat B. Somewhere C. Anyhow D. Anyway44. A. picked B. put C. installed D. packed45. A. worthless B. speechless C. careless D. priceless46. A. walk B. go C. pass D. wander47. A. grounds B. camps C. corners D. fieldsSection C (12 marks)Directions: Complete the following passage by filling in each blank with one word that best fits the context.Some robbers dug their way into the basement of a bank and emptied almost 200 private safes(保险箱).They entered the Credit Lyonnais branch using building equipment to dig holes and destroy walls.48. Saturday night, they tied up a security guard and spent 49. next nine hours robbing the bank.One investigator described the robbery 50. a ―professional job‖. The robbers came in at about 22:00 on Saturday 51. left at 7:00 on Sunday. They entered through the basements of the neighboring building, digging through a series of tunnels and making a hole into a wall of 80 cm thick to get into the bank, 52. was having building works at the time.When 53. left, the robbers set the place on fire to remove any trace of evidence, switching on the anti-fire system and flooding the building. Fortunately, the guard escaped unharmed.54. is difficult to estimate the total value of 55. was stolen because onlythe bank‘s clients(储户) know the content of their private safes.Part III Reading Comprehension (30 marks)Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage.APreviously, I heard a story about a mother who had two daughters. She loved them very much, but two girls would fight with each other from their earliest years. As they grew older, they became total strangers. They had no contact with each other when they were adults.This caused the mother great pain. Then, later, she had an idea. She decided to write a letter to them. In this letter, she told them how much she loved them, and how she wanted them to love each other in this way. She also gave them news of herself, and some guidance on how they might live happier lives.When the letter was ready, she wrote out one copy for each daughter, but these copies were special. Each copy contained only every second sentence of the original letter. The copy for one daughter had only the even(偶数的) sentences, and the other daughter‘s copy contained only the odd sentences. Neither copy made sense on its own. Neither contained the fullness of the mother‘s message.When the two daughters received their letters, they were puzzled. If they really wanted to know what the letters said, they would have to put the two letters together, and read them as one. That meant they must approach one another again in mutual(彼此的) love and respect.For a long time, the mother waited in vain. Both daughters tried to understand the half-letter, but they each blamed the other for not helping them. Each daughter thought she knew her mother better.Then one day, when the mother had almost given up hope, there was a knock at the door. There they stood, together. ―We‘ve come home,‖ they said at the same time. ―We‘ve finally put our letters together, and we‘ve come to say how much we love you, Mum.‖ Then she hugged them both, tears of joy streaming down her cheeks, and welcomed them back home.56. When the two daughters were young, they____.A. had no contact with each otherB. disliked each otherC. showed deep love for each otherD. did not love their mother57. Why did the mother give her daughters incomplete letters?A. She wanted to tell them her good news and bad news.B. She hoped they would ask her for more information.C. She hoped they would approach each other and make up.D. She thought she could change their attitude towards her.58. What did the two daughters do soon after they received their letters?A. They blamed each other again as usual.B. They made peace with each other quickly.C. They realized the mistakes they had made.D. They apologized to their mother.59. It can be inferred from the passage that _____.A. love can neither be bought nor soldB. faults are thick when love is thinC. without respect, love can‘t go farD. love can help enemies become friends60. What is the best title for this passage?A. An Unusual LetterB. A Mother‘s Endless LoveC. Special DaughtersD. Deep Love from DaughtersBSchouten University is a highly respected online education provider offering officially-recognized degree programs across the globe. Our mission is to provide students with a high-quality mixed learning MBA program and personal coaching to help them to become world-class managers.MBA with Unique Skills & Personal Development ProgramStudents will benefit from 30 years of soft skills training experience from Schouten & Nielsen, the leading soft skills training institute in Europe. To become an effective manager, theory alone is not enough, and being able to put theory into practice is more important today than ever before. With the Schouten University MBA program you will have the unique opportunity to develop such soft skills as influencing skills, leadership skills, communication skills and motivational skills.International Network + 2 Residential Study weeks in Cambridge & ShanghaiAt Schouten University, students, tutors and coaches meet each other online. But there is also the opportunity for students to study face to face by way of the two Residential(居住的)Study weeks. One week will be held in Shanghai (China) and the other week at Cambridge (UK). Shanghai is the commercial and industrial center of the world‘s leading economy. Cambridge is home to some of Europe‘s oldest and best universities. Residential weeks will be held several times a year. Therefore, you can choose when to participate, depending on the progress of your study. In the residential weeks cooperation between students will be an important element. Students will work together on real company cases. During the residential week students will be supervised by a professional trainer.*Residentials are an obligatory (必须的) part of the program and the costs of the residential weeks are covered by your tuition.*The fee includes the study weeks‘ housing, food and participation but not the costs of travel.Maximum FlexibilitySchouten University introduces a new way of learning: Study 2. 0. Students will study online through my and interact via rich social media. It allows busy working professionals like you to study a world class MBA degree anytime, anywhere at any pace.Great SupportAccess to the U niversity‘s virtual learning environment (VLE) 24/7, and your study coach, tutors are all here to give you strong personal support to ensure your success.61. Most graduates of Schouten University will work in the field of ________.A. educationB. militaryC. medicineD. business62. According to the advertisement, which of the following DOESN‘T belong to soft skills?A. Leadership skills.B. Communication skills.C. Driving skills.D. Motivational skills.63. The time to participate the residential weeks is ________.A. flexibleB. fixedC. unnecessaryD. inconvenient64. If you attend the two Residential Study weeks, you will have to pay for ________ besides your tuition.A. housingB. participation feesC. mealsD. travel costs65. The advertisement is probably intended for ________.A. full-time college studentsB. working businessmenC. studying teenagersD. retired managersCThere is some unwelcome news for students preparing for exams and officers putting in long hours-----you don‘t need the break as much as you may think that makes you feel less tired.Scientists have long assumed that willpower (意志力) is a limited resource, which is why you feel the need to have a rest, have a snack and come back to a task when you're feeling better. They argued that the only way to restore willpower was by rest, food or entertainment.But psychologists have challenged this theory, saying weak willpower is all in your head. They found that people‘s beliefs in willpower determine how long and how well they'll be able to work on a tough mental exercise. ―If you think of willpower as something that‘s limited, you're more likely to be tired when you perform a difficult task," said Prof. Veronika Job. ―But if you think of willpower as something that is not easily used up, you can go on and on.‖.The researchers designed four experiments to test students'-beliefs in willpower. After a tiring task, those, who believed or were led to believe that willpower is a limited resource, performed worse on standard concentration tests than those who thought of willpower as something they had more control over. They also found that leading up to final exam week, students who believed the limited resource theory ate junk food 24 percent more often than those who believed they had more control in resisting temptation (诱惑).Mr. Job said. ―The theory that willpower is a limited resource is interesting, but it has had unintended consequences. Students who may already have trouble studying are being told that their power of concentration is limited, and they need to take frequent breaks. But a belief in willpower as a non-limited resource makes people stronger in their ability to work through challenges.‖The findings could help people who are bat tling temptation. Willpower isn‘t driven by a biologically based process as much as we used to think. The belief in it is what influences your behavior.66. The theory that willpower is limited supports that _________.A. people must eat snacks when they feel tiredB. people do need a break to restore their willpowerC. there‘s no way to strengthen people‘s willpowerD. weak willpower doesn‘t affect people‘s life much67. What have the scientists long believed regarding willpower?A. It is in the charge of people.B. It is a limited resource.C. There is no way to restore willpower.D. It doesn‘t easily run out.68. Which of the following best helps the students to prepare better for their exams?A. Push themselves even if they want to take a break.B. Don‘t eat fast food while studying.C. Remind themselves willpower is not limited.D. Stay in a comfortable and quiet place.69. The following groups can benefit from the findings except _______.A. patients following strict dietsB. children liking to watch TVC. smokers trying to give up smokingD. employees facing a new but well-paid task70. What‘s the best title for the passage?A. A new theory about willpowerB. How to build strong willpowerC. The great influence of willpowerD. Willpower doesn‘t la st longPart IV Writing (45 marks)Section A (10 marks)Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the numbered blanks by using the information from the passage.Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.Do you know ―credit cards‖? They are very popular today. People use credit card to go shopping on the Internet, check into a hotel, rent a car, or dine out. People can buy now and pay later. A credit card may have a number of costs. First, there is the interest charge on purchase, known as the annual percentage rate. Second, Cardholders may have to pay cash advance fees if they withdraw money from credit cards.Compared to checks, a credit card allows small short – term loans to be quickly made to a customer who need not calculate a balance remaining before every transaction(交易、业务). Additionally there is no need for a customer to carry any cash for most purposes. Credit cards also offer consumers an easy way to track expenses.Credit cards are very convenient to use. But people who use credit cards irresponsibly can soon find themselves heavily in debt. Cardholders borrow money from a bank each time they charge something. They avoid interest charges if they pay their bill in full each month. But if they only make the minimum payment, it may take years to pay off a debt. Interest is continually charged on the unpaid balance.And that is not they only danger. Information security is a major issue these days. Recently there have been several incidents in which many people had financial information either lost or stolen. The cardholder suffered great losses. Now, major banks in China get more cautions inissuing caused by the card overdrafts(透支).Measures can be taken to avoid the problems. A lost or stolen card can be canceled in time, which will greatly limit the fraud. European banks require a cardholder‘s security code he entered for purchases with the card. In July, 2009, The China Banking Regulatory Commission forbade the issuing of credit cards to under 18–year–old age group.Section B (10 marks)Directions: Read the following passage. Answer the questions according to the information given in the passage.I‘m Bob. My first full-time job after high school was selling vacation packages via telephone for a well-known company. One day, the dialer （接线员）connected me to a man who answered the phone and sounded a bit out of breath. I started with my normal tone, and expecting to hear the normal response, ―I don‘t want any‖, and be hung up on.Instead he spoke in a weak voice and began to tell me how he wished he could take a vacation like the one I was offering, but he couldn‘t because he was dying of emphysema. He explained how he was on oxygen, and it took almost all his energy just to get to the phone to answer the call. I apologized to him for that. He asked me if I smoked and then begged me to stop. He told me smoking is what was killing him. He told me to spend every day with my loved ones, and tell them all the time how much I love them. At this point, I was in tears, and couldn‘t control myself, and he could tell. We ended the call, and I put my phone on hold to prevent another call from coming in so I could collect myself.After a few moments, I decided to write down his name and address, and just send him a card telling him that I appreciated his advice and that I would pray for him and his family. Shortly after, I received a nice letter back from Frank, along with a picture of him and his wife. We continued to write back and forth over the next few months, and became very fond of each other. He was old enough to be my grandfather, and in many ways, I felt as if he was.About a year later I received a letter from his wife. When I read it, my eyes were filled with tears. She told me how Frank‘s battle with the disease had finally come to an end, and he passed away shortly before Christmas. She wanted to thank me for the letters, and then explained how Frank touched many lives over the years. At his funeral, they read the first letter I had written to Frank to show how he affected a 19-year-old he had never even met.81. What would the customer normally do when the phone was connected? (no more than 13 words) (3 marks)82. What did Frank beg Bob to do? (no more than 7 words) (2 marks)83. What happened after Bob and Frank wrote to each other for a few months? (no more than 8 words) (2 marks)84. Why was Bob‘s letter read at Frank‘s funeral? (no more than 11 words) (3 marks)Section C (25 marks)Directions: Write an English composition according to the instructions given below.随着科技的发展，越来越多的中学生拥有iPad。

2014高三适应性考试理科综合能力试题 答 卷生物B AC BD D 化学 B D C D D B B 物理 A D A B CD BC BCD 21．（1） 5.60 cm （2） 0.21 (3) 0.48-0.50 m/s 2 0.11 m/s22．（1）先步骤乙后步骤甲 1.703 （2）甲 待测电阻阻值比较小，比 电压表的内阻小得多，跟电流表的内 阻相当，因此电压表引起的误差比电 流表引起的误差小得多。

（3）待测金属丝 23 （3）不正确，D 到C ，B 到A 过程与C 到D 比较，速度不同，根据向心力公式，支持力不同，摩擦力也不同，则摩擦力做功不同。

（3分）学校班级姓名学号………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 密 封 装订线0.0.0.24.（2）（3）（5分）考虑粒子以一般情况入射到磁场，速度为v ，偏向角为θ，当n 趋于无穷大时，运动轨迹趋于一条沿入射速度方向的直线（渐近线）。

（1分）又因为速度大小不变，因此磁场中运动可以等效视为匀速直线运动。

（1分） 轨迹长度为θcos ss ='，运动速率为θcos 0v v = （1分） 时间0v s v s t ='= （1分）代入数据解得：s t 6102-⨯=（1分） 25. (1) 等效电路如图所示， 外电阻r nR 1=外 电路总电阻r n n r R R 1+=+=外总 …2分 由E Bdv = 2分E U R R =总外…2分可得 Bd U n v )1(+= ………… 2分2014高三适应性考试理综 第 3 页 共 5 页（2）人对跑步带做功功率等于克服阻力做功和电路发热功率之和总热R E P 2= 2分fv P f = 2分得：热P P P f +=rnU n Bd fU n 2)1()1(+++= 2分 （3）加速过程中，人输出能量等于电路发热、克服阻力做功消耗能量和皮带增加动能之和， k f E E Q E ++= 2分其中mgx E μ=fx E f =221Mv E k = 又L n x )1(8-= 匀速时总R v d B f mg 22+=μ 5分 得：442222)1()(21)1)((8dB n r n f mg M L n f mg Q +----=μμ 1分 26、（14分）（1）N 4S 4 （2分）， （2分）（2）6SCl 2+16NH 3= N 4S 4+2S+12NH 4Cl （2分）（3）SCl 2+2CH 2=CH 2→Cl—CH 2—CH 2—S —CH 2—CH 2—Cl （2分） （4） 可能（2分） NaNO 2中的氮的化合价为+3价，NH 4Cl 中的氮的化合价为-3价，因而有可能发生氧化还原反应生成氮气 （2分）（5）取少量氯化铵固体加水溶解，分成两份。