阅读理解猜测词义练习案

阅读理解词义猜测题词义猜测题就是考查考生在阅读时不用查词典，仅仅通过上下文的意思就能猜测出生词词义的能力。

突出考查考生对语境的分析和把握能力。

考查的词有时为新词，有时为熟词新义。

设问方式：对单词意思的猜测：1.The underlined word in the … paragraph refers to / means ________2.What does the word “….” In paragraph … stand for /mean?3.“….” could best be replaced by which of the following?4.the word “…..” is closest in meaning to _______________.对短语意思的猜测1.The expression /phrase “….” Means __________2.the underlined expression/ phrase in paragraph refers to / means _________3.“…” could best be replaced by which of the following?4.the phrase “……” is closest in meaning to __________\对句子意思的猜测：1.The sentence “…..” indicates that ______________2.The underlined sentence implies /means that ____________3.what does the underlined sentence mean?4.By “….”, the author means that _____________.对代词的意思猜测What does the word “….” Underlined in the last paragraph refer to ?What does the underlined word refer to?解题技巧：1．根据单词的前缀或后缀猜测单词的意思2．注意文章中能够解释生词的定义性语句3．根据单词与文章其他部分的关系，通过对比、因果、比较等方法猜测词义。

高中英语阅读与写作训练讲义第二讲阅读策略指导：猜测词义写作指导：人物描写Part 1: 猜测词义题解题技巧一、命题规律及趋势分析近年高考阅读理解中出现了较多的生词，这些生词(3%左右）不再加注汉语意思，而是要求考生根据生词在篇章中的重要性进行忽略或结合语境进行合理猜测。

对于篇章中的重要生词，往往设置猜测词义题进行考查，此类题型在近年高考中有增加趋势，尤其是猜测词组、句义题。

因为这类题目涉及题材背景、句子结构、文章主旨、作者的观点态度等。

猜测词义题主要考查学生词汇量的大小，以及联系主旨，根据同义或反义关系、构词法、语法和语篇文脉等进行上下文信息整合，进而正确理解词义的能力。

二、突破此题型的方法(一）提高词汇量：方法如下：首先，仔细复习课文，尽量做到结合文章中的短语或语法结构记单词，通过复述，活用等方法在运用中进行记忆。

如：记名词时，·可结合介词搭配来记，记动词时可结合动词短语或动词的语法作用来记。

其次，针对英语词汇量大、不易熟记的特点，可通过对语义、语法搭配以及词形等方面进行归纳比较的方法来记忆，使分散的内容系统化、网络化，以有效地提高效率。

如，根据―依赖‖这一含义归纳或联想相关的短语有：depend on，count on, rely on, rest on, lean on。

根据―专心‖这一语义可将be attentive to, be absorbed in, be bent on, be intent on 一起比较。

（二）在阅读理解中做词汇题应注意运用以下方法：A、构词分析溺：通过分析前、后缀及词根，猜测词义的方法。

利用构词法的基本知识破解词义，必须了解英语词汇中的常见词根及词缀，及转化词、合成词的知识。

Exercises:1. He fell into a ditch and lay there, semiconscious, for a few minutes.2. Growing economic problems were highlighted by a slowdown in oil output.3. Bullfight is very popular in Spain.4. The village is in an out-of-the-way mountain area.5. "Even when a man is said to be a best friend," Rubin writes, "the two share little about their innermostfeelings."B、文字线索分析法：通过分析生词在上下文的文字线索推测其义。

阅读全面突破之主旨大意题、词义猜测题阅读全面突破之主旨大意题主旨大意题考査学生把握全文主旨大意和中心思想的能力。

做这类试题需要考生具有总体把探文章的能力，以及善于运用判断、归纳、推理等逻辑思维的能力。

主旨大意题一般对文章的主要内容、中心思想、段落大意、标题、写作意图等方面进行考査。

从考查形势上看，从原来简单的主旨归纳变得综合性越来越强。

同时文章的行文跳跃性较强，次序变化大，隐含信息增多。

因此，主旨题的答案判断的干扰性越来越强，不能直接根据主题句来判断答案。

未来对主旨大意题的考查数量和设题要求不会改变。

考法透析主旨大意题主要考查学生对所读材料(或所读材料片断)中心思想的概括。

做这类题时，考生应通读全文，把握文章大意或中心思想，同时注意文章的主题句，因为主题句表达了文章的中心思想，而其他句子均围绕主题句展开。

主题句通常位于文章第一段首句、第一段末句或全文末句等地方，但有时也位于段落中间(通常是第一段或最后一段的中间)。

主旨大意题的考查形式很多，如概括标题、主题、段意、中心思想等。

常见的设问方式有：The general/main idea of the passage is about ________.Which of the following best states the theme of the passage?In this passage the author discusses primarily ________.The passage is mostly about ________.The passage is mainly concerned about ________.The topic/subject discussed in this passage is ________.The best title/headline for this passage is ________.The subject discussed in this text is ________.The author’s main purpose in writing the passage is to ________.Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage?The purpose of this article is ________.The main idea/key point of this passage is that ________.考点1 归纳段落大意段落大意是指一篇文章各个段落的主要意思，是对一个段落的基本内容的简缩和初步的概括。

高三英语阅读理解之猜测词义词义猜测题常用提问方式有:1.The word“…”refers to/ probably means/ could best be replaced by _____2.The word“…”is most likely to mean _______3.The word “…”is closest to4.What do you think the expression“…”stands for?5.By saying“…”we means _______6.By “…” the writer means (refers to)7.“…”as used in the passage, can best be defined as ______.8.Which of the following words can take the place of the word “…”练习一1. We like our new house because it has a few elms in the back yard that will give us shade and keep the house cooer.A. a kind of treeB. a kind of plantC. a kind of building2. He had been getting better, but during the night his condition deteriorated.A. got worseB. improvedC. was recorded3. She wanted the hairdresser to trim her hair because it was too long.A. washB. cutC. do up4. After the war , the tank factories were converted to other uses.A. expandedB. closed downC. adapted5. Mike gave his sister a small, red tulip because he knows.A. flowerB. radioC. jewelry6. If you agree, write “yes”; if you dissent, write “no”.A. quarrelB. persuadeC. disagree7. Have some sherries with your Christmas — the most famous wine from Spain.A. a kind of birdB. a kind of fruitC. a kind of wine8. The man walked briskly to keep warm on the very cold night.A. slowlyB. quicklyC. in a hurry9. He failed the examination because none of his answers was pertinent to the questions.A. wrongB. connectedC. close10. The young man was so bashful that he did not speak to the pretty girl.A. afraidB. shockedC. shy11.The robber was running away with the money, so the girl yelled, “Stop!”A. said loudlyB. ran quicklyC. watched carefully12. I lost a lot of weight and now I am not as fat as I was last year. My clothes fit very loosely.1A. not angrilyB. not tightlyC. not expensively13. Mr Brown ran into a pedestrian with his car when it got out of control and drove onto the sidewalk.A. houseB. treeC. a person walking14. The driver tried to avert the accident by bringing the car to a sudden stop.A. avoidB. causeC. pay no attention to15. Although the novel is not interesting, it delineates clearly the social and economic life of the time.A. saysB. statesC. describes16. When earth became cold, water began to condense from the vapor.A. coolB. turn to liquidC. become hot17. The ocean has about 3.5 percent dissolved material, mostly ordinary salt.A. wastedB. valuableC. in liquid form18. Sabots, or wooden shoes, are frequently worn by the field workers in Belgium and France.A. clothesB. capsC. shoes19. Although the early morning had been very cool, the noonday sun was tropical.A. bigB. redC. hot20. At first the army training began with easy and pleasant exercises, then suddenly they became rigorous.A. not easyB. roughC. tiring练习二．1. There are some glaciers moving down the mountain valleys. A glacier is a river of ice.A. 雪山B. 树枝C. 冰河D. 冰2. He is a resolute man. Once he made up his mind to do something, he won’t give it up halfway.A. strongB. firmC. kindD. clever3. Mr Brown is now working at Princeton University far away from home. For this reason he has to rent a room near the office where he works.A.租用B. 借出C. 购买D. 参观4. The official asked the man what his occupation was. The man told him that he worked as an engineer.A. workB. studyC. nameD. interest5. The old woman has a strange habit to keep over 100 cats in her house. Her neighbour all call her an eccentric lady.A. 爱猫的B. 古怪的C. 闲不住的D. 动物保扩主义者26. In many countries there are two financial extremes, from penury to great wealth.A. 便土B. 温饱C. 赤贫D. 虚弱7. Mrs Smith is loquacious while her husband is the silent type.A. 活泼的B. 好运的C. 多嘴多舌的D. 可爱的8. Those new comers were not used to the life in the suburbs which was so different from that inside the city.A. townB. capitalC. countryD. house9. This boy is not stupid, on the contrary, no one could be more intelligent.A. 勤奋的B. 愚蠢的C. 聪明的D. 情报10. He misunderstood me.A. 委曲B. 曲解C. 误解D. 理解答案：练习一1-5AABCA 6-10CCBCC 11-15ABCAC16-20 BCCCB练习二1-5CBAAB 6-10CCCCC历年高考阅读理解之猜测词义题89) Robert is nine years old and Joanna is seven. They live at Mount Ebenezer. Their father has a big property. In Australia they call a farm a property.70. A …property” in Australia is aA. house.B. school.C. farm.D. radio. Key: C92) Shu Pulong has helped at least 1000 people bitten by snakes. “It was seeing p eople with snake bites (伤口) that led me to this career,” he said.70. Which of the following words can take the place of the word career in the first paragraph(段)？A. conclusionB. storyC. incidentD. job key:D90上) In 1907, a young German schoolmaster had an idea which changed this state of affairs. He decided to turn his little schoolhouse into a dormitory (宿舍)for the summer holidays. Anyone who brought his sleeping bag and cooking equipment along could stay there for a very small quantity of money. The idea was a success. A few years later, the schoolhouse was much too small to hold the many young people who wanted to stay there. As a result, a dormitory was set up in an old castle (城堡) nearby. This was the first Youth Hostel.88. The word “hostel” is closest in meaning to ______A. schoolB. schoolhouseC. hospitalD. dormitory key:D97上) Not everyone in the world requires the same amount of living space. The amount of space a person needs around him is a cultural (文化的) difference, not an economic(经济的) one.Knowing your own psychological(心理的) space needs is important because they strongly affect your choices, including, for example, the number of bedrooms in the home.76. The first sentence in Paragraph 1 “Not everyon e in the world requires the same amount of space” means “______”A. No two people need exactly the same amount of living spaceB. Living space requirements are not always the sameC. The world requires the same amount of living spaceD. Nobody needs a required amount of living space key:B99上) The last of the great glaciers began its melting about 11,000 years ago. Its melting formed the Great Lakes. These lakes are today little changed from their early sizes and shapes. The largest of the North American river systems was also influenced by the glaciers. This is the Mississippi- Missouri- Ohio system. These rivers were miles wide at first. Through the years they settled into their present channels.85. In the last sentence, the word their refers to _______A. lakesB. riversC. glaciersD. systems key:B00上春) Two traveling angels (天使) stopped to spend the night in the home of a wealthy family. The family was rude and refused to let the angels stay in the guest room. Instead the angels were given a space in the cold basement. As they made their bed on the hard floor, the older angel saw a hole in the wall and repaired it. When the younger angel asked why, the older angel replied: “Things aren’t always what they seem.”The next night the pair came to rest at the house of a very poor, but very hospitable (好客的)farmer and his wife.67. In paragraph two, the pair refers to ______A. the poor coupleB. the rich coupleC. the guestsD. the angels key:B00上春) London has a new magazine. But it is not printed on paper. Everyone who has a television can receive it because it is on TV.In order to read this magazine you have to have a decoder. Each page of it is numbered, so you only have to dial the number to choose which subject you want to read about. There is a wide choice- every- thing is included from cooking to the latest sports news.73. In the sentence “Each page of it is numbered”, here “it” refers to the _____A. decoderB. magazineC. programD. subject key:B01上春) Michael, a typical (典型的) American, stays home on workdays. He plugs into his personal computer terminal in order to connect with the office. After work, he puts on his headphones, watches a movie on his home video recorder, or plays baseball on the computer. On many days, Michael doesn’t talk to any other human beings, and he doesn’t see any people except the ones on television. Michael is imaginary, but his lifestyle is very possible. The inventions of modern technology seem to be cutting us off from contact with our fellow human beings.103. The sentence “ Michael is imaginary, but his lifestyle is very possible” means ____A. Michael is a person full of imagination and he can make his dreams come trueB. Michael is not a real person but the lifestyle does existC. Michael has ambitions but he can’t make his dreams come trueD. Michael is a person full of imagination and his lifestyle is common nowadaysKey:B01上) Jazz 1 n. a type of music that originated in New Orleans and is characterized by rhythmic beats. 2n. popular dance music influenced by jazz. 3n. slang empty talk. 4 adj. of or like jazz:a jazz band, jazz records.77. What does the word jazz mean in the following sentence?Don’t give me that jazz, for I am a practical person.Key:DA. rhythmic beatsB. a type of musicC. a kind of danceD. meaningless talk02上)Professor Sabbatucci received hundreds of calls from people hoping to trick him into handing them the cash. But there was one voice he recognized— and he arranged to meet the man in a park. The robber, a 35- year – old unemployed father of two, gave back the suitcase and burst into tears. He could not believe what was happening. “Why didn’t you keep the money?” he asked. The professor replied: “I couldn’t because it’s not mine.” Then he walked off, spurning the thief’s offer of a reward.73. The word “spurning” in the last sentence can be replaced by ______A. acceptingB. claimingC. rejectingD. canceling key:C02上) Teachers in thousands of schoolrooms in America are trying to communicate some of the excitement and importance of these new developments to their students. They know that some of their eager students will someday be scientists and will themselves then contribute(贡献) to the development of new knowledge or its application to new things.80. The word “themselves” in the third paragraph refers to _______A. some of the eager studentsB. the students in the classroomC. the teachers giving lessonsD. all the scientists in physics key:A23上春) A professional man may talk about washing the car, digging in his flowerbeds, parinting the house. His wife may even help with these things, just as he often helps her with the dishwashing. The son who is away at college may wait on table and wash dishes for his living, or during the summer he may work with a construction gang on a highway in order to pay for his education.80. The expression “wait on table ” in the second paragraph means “_____”A. work in a furniture shopB. keep accounts for a barC. wait to lay the tableD. serve customers in a restaurant key:D。

高考英语阅读思路专项训练之一猜测词义一、词义理解题常见的题型有:The author uses the word “…” to mean ____.The underlined word (phrase, term) “…” means _____.According to the passage, the word “…” properly means _____.The word “…” in paragraph … refers to ____.By “…”, the author means _____.which of the following is closest in meaning to “…”?What is “…”?二、猜测词义方法1）Definition and explanation 利用定义和解释猜测词义；He is a resolute man. Once he makes up his mind to do something, he won’t give it up halfway. The underlined word means____.A.strongB. firmC. kindD. clever2) Experience 根据普通常识和经验推测生词的词义1.Mr. Brown is now working at Princeton University far away from home. For this reason he has to rent a room near the office where he works.A.to work to liveB. to eat to liveC. to teach to liveD. to pay to use2. A good teacher works in quite a different way. His audience take an active part in his play: they ask and answer questions, they obey orders, and if they don’t understand something, they say so.Th e word “audience” in the paragraph means ____.A.studentsB. people who watch a playC. people who act on the stageD. people who listen to something3) Related Information 即根据上下文的语境来猜测生词的词义。

推理判断与词义猜测三练(一)1）For the first time in modem history, less than half of the U. S. adult population now reads literature, according to a recent survey. Reading at Risk. A Survey of Literary Reading in America presents a detailed review of the decline of reading's role in the nation's culture.2）Reading at Risk is a survey of national fashion in adult literary reading. The data source for Reading at Risk is as reliable and objective(客观的) as any such survey can be. The key results of the survey are presented in the "Summary", but the report can be further explained as: literary reading in America is not only declining rapidly among all groups, but the rate of decline has been speeded up, especially among the young. Reading at Risk merely shows a great cultural change that most Americans have already noted--our society's great turn to electronic media for entertainment and information.3）Reading a book requires a degree of active attention and devotion. Indeed, reading itself is a progressive skill that depends on years of education and practice. On the contrary, most electronic media such as television, recordings, and radio make fewer demands on their audiences, and indeed often require no more than passive participation. While oral culture has a rich reality and electronic media offer the considerable advantages of variety, print culture affords irreplaceable forms of focused attention and thought that make various communications and views possible. The decline in reading, therefore, equals a larger retreat (减少) from participation in public and cultural life.4）What is to be done? There is surely no single solution to the present problem, just as there is no single cause. The important thing now is to understand that America can no longer take active and devoted reading for granted.5）Reading is not a timeless, common ability. As more Americans lose this ability, our nation becomes less informed, active, and independent minded. These are not qualities that a free, inventive, or productive society can afford to lose.1. The main purpose of the survey is to_________A. focus on the role of electronic media and readingB. show that American young people read less and lessC. give a report of the national fashion of literary readingD. review that less than half of the population now reads literature2. According to the passage, reading_________A. requires less attention and devotionB. demands no more than passive participationC. limits various communications and viewsD. means active participation in public and cultural life3. The underlined phrase "cultural change" in Paragraph 2 refers to the change________A. from oral culture to electronic mediaB. from print culture to electronic mediaC. from electronic media to oral cultureD. from electronic media to print culture4. The author of the passage__________A. misunderstands oral cultureB. doubts the results of the surveyC. encourages the Americans to read moreD. agrees to the solution to the present problem in reading(二)1）EAT YOUR VEGETABLES. Wash your hands. Always say "please' and" thank you". We are full of advice for our children, but when it comes to money, we often little to say. As a result, our children may grow up with clean hands and good manners, but without any idea how to manage their money.2）Here are some basics that will help guide them, their entire lives:Show them the future. If your 13-year-old girl were to save $1,000, invest(投资) it at 8% and add $100 every month, by the time she's 65, she would have $ 980,983!3）Be careful of credit (信用). Credit cards can help you buy necessary things andbuild a credit history, but they must be used responsibly, which means paying off your debt in time. Explain to your children that when you buy something using a credit card, you can easily end up paying two or three times what you would have paid if you used cash.4）Teach patience. Suppose your child wants a new bicycle that costs $ 150. Rather than paying the cash, give him some regular pocket money and explain that by putting aside, say, $15 each week, he will be able to buy it for himself in only ten weeks.5）Provide incentive. Tell your children the importance of saving. "For every dollar he or she agrees to save and invest rather than spend, you agree to add another dollar to the pot," says Cathy Pareto, expert in money planning.6）Explain your values. Values and money are deeply intertwined, says Eilleen Gallo, co-author of The Financially Intelligent Parent. When your child demands that you buy something, explain why you really don't want to buy it." You might say,' I'd rather save that money for your education,'" advises Gallo. Every time you spend or don't spend money, you have a chance to share your values.5. The writer gives some basics to help _________in a proper way.A. parents teach their children how to deal with moneyB. children follow their parents' instructionsC. children manage their moneyD. parents save their money6. The writer thinks that if a child wants to buy something, his parents should_________A. give him some regular pocket moneyB. encourage him to put money away for itC. explain to him the importance of investmentD. tell him to save some money by using a credit card7. The underlined word" incentive" in paragraph 6 means________A. honorB. praiseC. excitementD. encouragement 8. What leads the writer to write this article？A. Parents want to know how to educate their children.B. He wants to share his good ideas about money matters.C. He thinks money management the most important for children.D. Parents care little about their children's management of money.(三)1) Some children are natural-born bosses. They have a strong need to make decisions, manage their environment, and lead rather than follow. Stephen Jackson, a Year One student, operates under the theory of what's mine is mine and what's yours is mine, "says his mother." The other day I bought two new Star Wars light sabers (剑). Later, I saw Stephen with the two new ones while his brother was using the beat-up ones. "2) "Examine the extended family, and you'll probably find a bossy grandparent, aunt, uncle or cousin in every generation. It's an inheritable trait." says Russell Barkley, a professor at the Medical University of South Carolina. Other children who may not be particularly bossy can gradually gain dominance (支配地位) when they sense their parents are weak, hesitant, or in disagreement with each other.3) Whether it's inborn nature or developed character at work, too much control in the hands of the young isn't healthy for children or the family. Fear is at the root of a lot of bossy behavior, says family psychologist John Taylor. Children, he says in his book From Defiance to Cooperation. " have secret feelings of weakness" and "a desire to feel safe. " It's the parents' role to provide that protection.4) When a "boss child" doesn't learn limits at home, the stage is set for a host of troubles outside the family. The overly willful and unbending child may have trouble obeying teachers or coaches, for example, or trouble keeping friends. It can be pretty lonely as the top dog if no one likes your bossy ways.5 )"I see more and more parents giving up their power." says Barkley, who has studied bossy behavior for more than 30 years. "They bend too far because they don'twant to be as strict as their own parents were. But they also feel less confident about their parenting skills. Their kids, in turn, feel more anxious. "9. Bossy children like Stephen Jackson__________.A. make good decisionsB. show self-centerednessC. lack care from othersD. have little sense of fear10. The underlined phrase "inheritable trait" in Paragraph 2 means_________.A. inborn natureB. developed characterC. accepted theoryD. particular environment11. The study on bossy behavior implies that parents__________.A. should give more power to their childrenB. should be strict with their childrenC. should not be so anxious about their childrenD. should not set limits for their children12. Bossy children may probably become____________.A. relaxedB. skillfulC. hesitantD. lonely13. What is the passage mainly about?A. How bossy behavior can be controlled.B. How we can get along with bossy children.C. What leads to children's bossy behavior.D. What effect bossy behavior brings about.(四)1）A study of English learning problems was carried out among a total of 106 foreign students. It shows that most students considered understanding spoken English to be their biggest problem on arrival. This was followed by speaking. Writing increased as a problem as students discovered difficulties in writing papers that they were now expected to hand in. Reading remained as a significant(显著的) problem.2）The information gained helped us in determining where special attention should be paid in our course. Although many students have chosen to join the course with a reasonable motivation(动机), we considered it important to note what seemed to encourage interest. Nearly all the students have experienced some kind of grammar-based English teaching in their own country. To use the same method would be self-defeating because it might reduce motivation, especially if it has failed in the past. Therefore a different method may help because it is different.3) Variety of activity was also seen as a way of maintaining(保持)or increasing motivation. Several years ago we had one timetable that operated throughout, but we soon found that both the students and the teachers lost interest by about halfway through the ten weeks. This led us to a major re-think, so finally we brought it into line with the expressed language needs of the students.14. What is the text mainly about?A. Foreign students have more problems.B. There are many ways to improve English.C. Teaching should meet students' needs.D. English learning problems should be studied again.15. Writing became a bigger problem when foreign students________.A. had to write their papersB. became better at speakingC. became less interested in readingD. had fewer problems with listening16. We may infer from the last two paragraphs that_________.A. different teaching methods should be usedB. grammar-based teaching seems to be encouragingC. English courses are necessary for foreign studentsD. teaching content should be changed halfway17. The word "it" underlined in the last paragraph refers to__________.A. re-thinkB. activityC. motivationD. timetable(五)1) When a storm is coming, most people leave the area as quickly as possible and head for safety. But there are a few people who will get into their ears and go straight for the center of the storm. These people are willing to risk(冒……危险) being killed by floods or 100-kilometer-an-hour winds for the excitement of watching the storm close up.2)"Storm chasing(追逐)" is becoming an increasingly popular hobby(喜欢好), especially in the Midwest of the United States, where there are frequent storms between March and July. A storm chaser begins the day by checking the Internet for the latest weather reports, and then drives up to 1,000 kilometers to where the storm will be and waits for it to develop.3)Although anyone can do it, storm chasing is extremely dangerous. The power of a big storm can throw a cow into the air or destroy a whole house in seconds. Storm chasers are also often hurt in accidents caused by driving in a heavy rain. If you are a beginner, it is much safer to join a group for storm-chasing vacations during the storm season.4)Even then, storm chasing is not all adventure and excitement. "Storm chasing is 95% driving," says Daniel Lynch, who spends most of his summer storm-chasing. "Sometimes you can sit around for hours waiting for something to happen, and all you get is blue sky and a few light showers."5)However, for storm chasers, it is all worth it. "When you get close to a storm, it is the most exciting sight you will ever see in your life, "says Jasper Morley." Every storm is an example of the power of nature. It is the greatest show on Earth. "18. For storm chasing, the first thing storm chasers do is toA. head straight for the center of the stormB. get into the car for safetyC. wait patiently for the storm to developD. collect information about a coming storm19. Beginners of storm chasing are advisedA. not to drive in a heavy rainB. to do it in an organized wayC. not to get too close to a stormD. to spend more time on it in summer20. By saying" it is all worth it" in the last paragraph, the author means thatA. storm chasing costs a lot of moneyB. storm chasing is worth hours of waitingC. efforts in storm chasing are well paidD. a storm presents the greatest show on Earth21. What can we learn from the text?A. Sometimes storm chasers get nothing but disappointment.B. Many storm chasers get killed in the storms.C. Storm chasing is becoming popular around the world~D. Storm chasing is only fit for young people.高三英语阅读理解解题技巧与专练答案与解析(一)(2006·湖南卷B)1．C 本题是一个细节题。

词义猜测知识摘要一、高考阅读理解词义猜测类题目常见的设问方式1. The word “…” refers to/ probably means ________.2. The underlined word “…” could best be replaced by ________.3. What do you think the expression “…” stands for?4. By saying “…” we mean ________.5. “…” as used in the passage can best be defined as ________.6. Which of the following words can take the place of the word “…”?考点梳理一、利用指代关系猜测找出人称代词、指示代词、关系代词或关系副词所指代的内容。

连读前、后段落，主要看前面的句子所出现的名词及相当于名词的表达。

二、利用定义语猜测对于某个陌生词，作者一般会在文章中给出该词的定义或解释。

这种解释可能是一种重复说明或定义。

线索词有that, which, is等。

三、利用定语或同位语猜测通常引出同位语的词有or, that is, in other words等，还有以括号或破折号的形式出现。

在这些标记词后较易找到同画线词意义相同或相近的词。

四、利用文章中的举例猜测根据文章所举的例子，从具体到一般，猜出该生词的意思。

五、利用对比或比较的词语猜测运用有对比关系的词语，例如反义词，可以暗示出生词的含义。

这类词主要有but, yet, however, while, unlike, instead, on the other hand, on the contrary, in contrast to等。

标点符号中的分号也可表示对比。

六、利用构词法猜测分析复合词，从该词的各个部分的特定意思及联系上猜出该词的意思。

小学四年级语文教案：阅读理解——猜词猜意，提高阅读能力一、导语阅读理解是语文教学的重点和难点之一，而在阅读理解中，猜词猜意是培养学生阅读能力的重要环节。

本教案针对小学四年级学生的语文教学，通过猜词猜意的训练，旨在提高学生的阅读能力和词汇理解能力。

本教案将分为三个部分进行教学：前期导入，猜词猜意的训练方法介绍，实例教学和巩固训练。

二、前期导入1. 学生在前期已经学习了一定量的词汇，并且对一些基本的猜词猜意方法有了初步的了解。

在本节课中，教师可以进行一次简短的复习活动，让学生回顾并巩固已学的猜词猜意方法。

三、猜词猜意的训练方法介绍1.教师可以通过示意图向学生介绍猜词猜意的方法。

示意图可以包括从上下文中猜测词义、利用前后句子关系猜测词义、结合词语的词性和词根猜测词义等。

2.教师可以通过示例句子向学生演示具体的猜词猜意方法。

例如，教师可以给学生展示一句话“她不喜欢这个东西，一见到它就皱起了眉头。

”然后引导学生猜测“皱起了眉头”的意思，通过观察上下文和词语的词性（眉头是身体的部分），学生可以猜测到“皱起了眉头”表示不喜欢的意思。

四、实例教学1.针对不同的猜词猜意方法，教师可以设计一些实例教学的活动，让学生通过实际操作来巩固和应用所学的方法。

2.教师可以选择一些适合学生年龄和能力水平的阅读材料，提供给学生阅读，并配备一些问题让学生进行猜词猜意的训练。

例如，教师可以选择一篇文章并提问：“根据上下文，你觉得‘躺’这个词的意思是什么？请用自己的话解释一下。

”通过这样的训练，学生可以锻炼独立思考和推理的能力。

3.教师还可以组织学生进行小组合作学习，让他们互相讨论猜词猜意的方法和答案，并分享自己的猜测过程。

通过小组合作学习，不仅可以增强学生的合作意识，还可以培养他们的思维能力。

五、巩固训练在巩固训练环节，教师可以设计一些综合性的练习，让学生在实践中应用所学的猜词猜意方法。

1.教师可以提供一些具有挑战性的阅读素材，让学生在限定的时间内进行阅读，并回答一些与猜词猜意相关的问题。

阅读技能训练猜测词义编写人：李荣荣教师寄语：Unfamiliar word is to reading what setback is to our life.高考大纲中关于阅读理解的要求要求考试读懂熟悉的有关日常生活话题的简短文字材料，例如公告，说明，广告以及书，报，杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文章。

考生应能：１、理解主旨要义；２、理解文中具体信息；３、根据上下文推断生词的词义；４、作出简单判断和理解；５、理解文章的基本结构；６、理解作者的意图和态度。

猜测词义类型1.对考纲外生词的猜测Many United Nations employees are polyglots: Mr. Jim, for example, speaks five languages fluently.“polyglot” most probably means “____________.”2.对考纲内熟词新义的猜测At the beginning they did not have enough capital to start a business, nor were they able to borrow the amount of money they needed from the bank.“capital” most probably means “____________.”3.对句义的猜测The biggest finding in brain research in the last ten years is that the brain at any age is highly plastic. If you ask your brain to learn, it will learn.By saying “the brain at any age is highly plastic”, the writer means the brain can be _____.edB. mastereC. developedD. researched猜测词义策略探究1.根据定义或释义关系1.It will be very hard but also very brittle------that is , it will break easily.2. The herdsman , who looks after sheep, earns about 650yuan a year.3. A calendar is a list of the days, weeks, months of a particular year.小结：2.根据例子或举例When writing an article, we often use simile, such as “brave as a lion”and “quick like lightning”．“simile” means“___________”.小结：3.根据构词法：合成、派生（前缀、后缀）、转化等1. …Yet, shopkeepers may have to spend extra hours to deal with problems, such as shoplifters, who always take away things from the shop without paying for them. …What does the word “shoplifter” mean?A.商店里的小偷B.商店里的推销员C.商店里的老客户D.商店里的搬运工2.How could they begin to picture modern life？3. Reading to dogs is an unusual way to help children improve their literacy skills (读写能力).With their shining brown eyes, wagging tails, and unconditional love, dogs can provide the nonjudgmental listeners needed for a beginning reader to gain confidence.小结：利用构词法知识猜测词义，关键应在理解词根的基础上，掌握前后缀规律，如re-,non-,un-, im-, in-, dis- 等前缀和-able, -an, -ive,-ist, -ise, -ty, -ness, -less 等，要懂得这些词缀与词干结合起来可组成新的单词，即派生词。