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名词辨析，动词辨析，动词短语辨析适用学科英语适用年级高中二年级适用区域陕西西安课时时长（分钟）60知识点各种时态的被动语态，名词辨析，动词辨析，动词短语辨析教学目标掌握选修七 unit 2重点词汇，短语，句型。
同时，训练阅读理解能力和综合语言能力。
教学重点掌握选修七unit2重点词汇，短语，句型。
同时，训练阅读理解能力和综合语言能力。
教学难点训练阅读理解能力和综合语言能力。
教学过程一、复习预习教师引导学生复习上节内容，并引入本节课程内容二、知识讲解本节课主要知识点解析，中高考考点、易错点分析考点/易错点1词汇辨析1. sympathy 同情心，同情; 怜悯一致; 同感; 赞同,慰问; 吊慰习惯用语:come out in sympathy 举行同情罢工, 罢工声援express sympathy for (对...表示)慰问feel sympathy for (=have sympathy for) 同情in sympathy with 同情; 赞成; 和...一致win sympathy of 博得...的同情out of sympathy with 对...不同情; 不赞成; 对...没有同感, 和...不一致feel/have sympathy for… 同情… be in sympathy with… 赞同…seek sympathy from a friend 想得到朋友的同情同义词：commiseration -mercy -pity -sensitivity -tolerance -understanding1) I felt real sympathy. 我由衷地感到同情。
2) Her sympathy became pungent. 她的同情心变得强烈起来。
3) With profound sympathy.4) I felt much sympathy for the blind.5) Her sympathy became pungent. 她的同情心变得强烈起来。
Module7 Unit2 robots 1.household adj. 家庭的家用的household goods 家庭用品household jobs 家务活household chores 家务事household appliances 家用器具household wares 家用器具household article 家庭用品household duties 家务household management 家政household sewing machine 家用缝纫机n. 一家人户The household is in the care of Mother.这一家人全由妈妈来照料。
Adequate water is supplied to every household.充足的水供给每一户家庭。
2.desirevt. 希望渴望; 要求请求We desire to see the result. 我们希望看到结果。
I desire that you shall be there too. 我希望你也去。
The workers desire better working conditions.工人们要求更好的工作条件。
n. 愿望欲望心愿subjective desire; 主观愿望a strong desire 强烈的愿望a sincere wish [desire] 真诚的愿望a desire for peace 要求和平的愿望Desire has no rest. 欲望永无止境。
satisfy sb.'s desire 满足某人的欲望3.bonus n.奖金,红利; 额外令人高兴的事情,意外收获bonus tax 奖金税year-end bonus 年终奖金Bonus payment is linked to productivity.奖金与生产率挂钩。
4.sympathy n.同情, 同情心I have much sympathy for you. 我很同情你。
英语译林牛津版选修7Unit 2学案（重点词汇讲解2）模块七Unit 2：重点词汇讲解•…续12. reliefn. [C or U]（病痛，忧虑，负扌口等的）减轻，宽慰，救济an international relief operation 国际救济行动relief agencies/supplies 救助机构救济品Acupuncture anaesthesia brought relief to the patient・ 0成轻痛苦Pop stars have raised millions of pounds for famine relief in Africa.饥荒救济To my relief son arrived home safely .令我放心的是Relievev. [T] 1）减轻（病痛，忧虑，负担等）;（使）缓解,宽慰；救济Emergency food aid to help relieve the famine.缓解饥荒2）接替；给…换班：Km on duty until 2 p.m. and then Peter is coming to relieve me.14. fundamentaladj.基础的，根本的;至关重要的Some understanding of grammar is fundamental to learning a language....是学习语言的基础The school is based on the fundamental principle that each child should develop its full potential.fundamentally adv・根本上完全的Our new man aging director has reorganized the company a bit, but nothing has fundamentally chmnged/altered.没冇任何实质上的改变翻译：我认为勤奋是成功Z本。
U2 重点词汇讲解1. noteHe noted that mould had grown on a special transparent jelly that had bacteria on it.用法讲解n.1）音符 See if you can sing this note.2)纸币 He sent me fifty-dollar notes.3)注释 Are there any notes at the back of the book?4)便条 Tom opened the note from his cousin.v.5)注意 please note my words.6)写下 Let me note down your address and telephone number.7)特别提出 He noted the importance of the problem in his lecture.翻译并归纳note的不同含义1) The teacher noted that we should pay attention to our pronunciation. ______________2) He spoilt her song by singing a wrong note. ______________3) I paid for the ticket with a ten-shilling note. ________________4) You should read the notes on the text at the back of the book. ______________5) Since he isn’t in, you may leave a note for him. ______________拓展；写出下划线词组的含义6）He was comparing notes with a friend. ______________7）This is a question worthy of note. ______________8）Take note of what he say. ______________9）The policeman noted down /took notes of every word that I said. ______________ 2. vitalNot only has aspirin proved vital for reducing fever and helping stop pain, but there are also other things that aspirin can help with.用法讲解adj.1）生命的，维持生命必需的 The heart is a vital organ.2）必不可少的，极其重要的 These matters are vital to the national security.3）致命的，生死攸关的 The wound is vital.4）充满活力的，生气蓬勃的 The Chinese I knew were trusting, open, and vital.翻译并归纳vital的不同含义1）The department has a vital role to play in providing information to visitors and scholars._____2）This temperature gradient may be vital to successful hatching. ________3）His vital and cheerful manner filled the whole team with courage. _______ 4）We must try to ensure that vital food supplies are maintained. ___________ 拓展；写出下划线词组的含义5)Her vital statistics in the metric system are 92-61-92. ________6)Fostering team spirit, which is vital for success. ____________7)These nutrients are absolutely vital to good health. _________这件事对我们来说至关重要。
英语译林牛津版选修7Unit 2学案（4）（Grammar）模块七Unit 2：Grammar and usage导学案M7U2 Grammar and usage【学习目标】：1. 学习动词短语的用法及区别。
2. 正确且熟练掌握和运用动词短语。
【学习重难点】: 1.学会辨别动词+副词与动词+介词的区别,正确熟练掌握动词短语的运用.2.熟练掌握并运用高考高频动词短语.教学过程: 熟练并正确运用动词短语（C级）一.短语动词的构成:英语中的动词,按其构成,可分为单词动词(single-word verb)和短语动词(phrasal verb).短语动词指由两个或两个以上单词构成的动词.这种动词主要有三种组合形式:(一) 动词+副词构成的动词短语:动词+副词构成的动词短语分为两类: “及物动词+副词”和“不及物动词+副词”. “及物动词+副词”短语的宾语既可以放在副词之前也可以放在副词之后, 但如果宾语为人称代词,则必须放在副词之前.Eg. 1. He took off his coat.2.Having worn his raincoat all the way, he took it off when he arrived at his office.3.Uncle Tom passed away (去世)many years ago.4.他进来时脱掉外套,出去时又穿上.He took off his coat when he entered the house and put it on again when he went out. (take off 是及物短语动词)5.There is often a spectators' balcony at airports, where people can watch the planes taking off and landing. (take off是不及物短语动词)6.His words puzzled me so much that I spent several minutes________________.A. making it upB. to make it upC. figured it outD. to figure it out总结:及物动词必须加宾语意思才完整的动词。
例句精讲Two life-saving medicines1.If you open up any medicine cupboard in the world,there is a high probability that you will find aspirin and penicillin.只要打开世界上任何一个药柜，你就很有可能发现阿司匹林和青霉素。
【巧解句构】本句是条件状语从句，从句是一个简单句，主句是由that引导的定语从句，you will find aspirin and penicillin修饰限定probability。
【要点剖析】条件状语从句是表示主句动作发生的前提或条件的从句。
主要引导词有if,unless,so/as long as。
【辨析比较】probability意思是“可能性”，其同根词为probably。
probably、possibly、perhaps和maybe的区别：1)probably“很有可能;十之八九”，其语意较强，通常不与否定词连用。
2)possibly的可能性较小，可以和情态动词连用。
3)perhaps“或许”，含有“可能这样，也可能不这样”之意，其含义和用法与maybe一样，多用于口语。
4)maybe多用于美式英语。
2.The date that aspirin was invented is given by medical historians as 1897,but in fact,3500 years ago,some recipes recommended drinking a tea made from the dried leaves of a particular plant to reduce body pains.医学史家将阿司匹林的发明定在1897年，但事实上，早在3500年前的一些药方就已经建议人们引用一种利用某种植物干叶做成的茶，以缓解体痛。
Unit2 Module7 学案一、重点词汇1. trial n. 试用；试验；考验；审判This new drug is undergoing clinical trial.on trial 在试验中；受审 He is on trial for murder.trial and error 反复试验；不断摸索It was by/through trial and error that I learnt most of what I know about gardening.2. note v. 注意到，发现；记录note sth. down 把……记下来 The policeman noted down every word she said.note 作名词时的相关短语：make/take a note/notes of... 把……记下来 take note of 注意到take/make notes 做笔记 be noted for/as 因为/作为……而出名leave a note 留下便条She sat there taking notes of everything that was said.Please take note of this announcement.3. name v. 给……命名; 说出……的名字; 提名name sb. sth. 给某人取名为…… name... after... 以……名字命名The child was named after its father.name 作名词时的相关短语：by the name of 名叫……的 in the name of 以……的名义4. wonder adj. 非凡的，奇妙的，神奇的 n.奇迹，神奇；奇观；惊奇 v. 想知道注意 wonder 的重点句型：It's a wonder that you recognized me after all these years. 奇怪的是……（It's) no wonder you can't sleep when you eat so much. 难怪……I was wondering whether/if I could borrow your car.5. relief n缓和，减轻 The pills gave her some relief.轻松，宽心 Hearing the news.，he breathed a sign of relief.救济物品，救济金 Relief was flown to the flood-hit areas.to one's (great) relief 使某人宽慰的是bring relief to sb. 给某人带来欣慰/解脱,减轻某人的痛苦relieve v. 减轻(病痛、忧虑、负担等），缓解；救济relieve pains/ anxiety/pressure/ traffic jams...relieve sb. of sth. 解除某人的负担责任等6. pleasure n.[u]愉快，高兴 He finds great pleasure in reading.[c]乐事；趣事 It is a pleasure to work with you.1) --- Thank you very much for your help.---(It's) My pleasure.2)---Could you help me with my English after school today?---With pleasure.7. point n. 点，位置；尖端；要点；分数point of view 观点on the point of 正要……的时候 She was on the point of going out when the telephone rang.to the point 中肯扼要；切中要害There is no point in doing sth. 做某事是没有用或意义的There is no point talking to her. She never listens.8. adj.life-saving 救命的 blood-thinning 稀释血液的 bacteria-killing 杀菌的二、重点难点语言点1. ASA could reduce the risk of colon cancer by 40 per cent.ASA可以降低40%的结肠癌发病率。
四、语法详解短语动词短语动词指由两个或两个以上的词组成的动词短语。
第一个词为动词，其后接副词(如loo k out)或介词(如look for)或副词加介词(如look out of),此类副词或介词有时称作小品词。
有些短语动词的意义容易猜。
如sit down,因为动词和小品词都保持其通常的意义，但许多短语动词都具有习语的意思。
(如put up with,容忍、忍受)。
一、短语动词的常见形式1.动词+副词。
如：Suddenly the light went out.灯突然熄了。
This desk takes up too much room.这张书桌占了很多地方。
2.动词+介词。
如：The young deer are well looked after in the zoo.小鹿在动物园里得到很好的照顾。
3.动词+副词+介词。
如：We are looking forward to visiting the Great Wall.我们渴望参观长城。
4.动词+名词+介词。
如：The orphans are taken care of by the nurses.护士照顾这些孤儿。
二、几个需要注意的问题1.短语动词可以是及物的，带有宾语；也可以是不及物的，不带宾语，有些短语用于两种情况都可以。
如：For heaven’s sake shut her up.Please tell her to shut up.2.要想正确使用及物的短语动词，须注意宾语的位置，有些宾语位置可置于动词与小品词之间，也可置于小品词之后；有些短语动词的两个部分不能用宾语拆开。
如：She tore the letter up.=she tore up the letter.她把信撕了。
She tore it up.(宾语为代词时，必须将其置于两者之间。
)They called the deal off.=They called off the deal.他们取消了交易。
英语译林牛津版选修7Unit 2学案（必背短语）M7U2必背短语1.focus on集屮（注意力、精力）于2.open up 打开；开业；开发3.There is a high probability that… 有可能…4.medical historian 医学史学家5.recommend drinking a tea 推荐喝一种茶6.in powder form 粉末状7. a standardized tablet 一种标准化的药片& best-selling painkiller 最畅销的止痛药9.reduce the risk of heart attacks by thinnin口blood通过稀释血液来减少心脏病发作的危险10.increase the standard of people's health 提高人们得健康标准11.in contemporary society 在当代社会12.try ...out on 在…上进行试验13.It was not until •••that … 直到…才14.in large quantities 大量地15.due to由于，因为16.figure out the meaning of the word 弄明白这个词的意思17.bring relief to millions of people's lives 减少数百万人的痛苦18.be fundamental to doing 对…是必要的；対…是根本的19.put 叩with 忍受20.look down叩on 瞧不起，藐视21.turn up出现，露面；调大音量22.put through 接通电话23.put off 推迟24.fill in a form 填表格25.No.l Secondary School 第一中学26.take measures to do 采取措施做某事27.lighting arrangements 照明设施28.at the same height 处丁•同样的高度29.approach to 做…的方法、途径30.be replaced by 被取代31.take one's place 取代32.let out放出；发出33.involve doing：包含做某事34.relieve pain 缓解疼痛35.block…from doing 阻止…做…36.promote the production 促进生产课后复习单项填空。
互动课堂疏导引导一、词汇详解1.focus on 聚焦于【典型例句】The discussion focused on three main problems.讨论集中在三个主要问题上。
Each exercise focuses on a different grammar point.每个练习各有不同的语法重点。
Let your eyes focus on objects that are further away from you.睁着眼睛看清楚离你较远的物体。
【相关链接】focus n.中心点；焦点The incident brought the problem of violence in schools into sharp focus.这次事件使校园暴力成为焦点问题。
His comments provided a focus for debate.他的评论提供了辩论的重点。
2.open up 开门；营业；开张；出现；裂开【典型例句】Exciting possibilities were opening up for her in the new job.新工作为他带来了令人兴奋的发展前途。
There is a new Thai restaurant opening up in town.城里有一家新的泰国餐馆开张了。
The operation will open up the blocked passage around his heart.手术将把它心脏周围被堵塞的通道打开。
【相关链接】open a bank account 开一个银行账户open fire 开火opening n.入口3.contemporary adj. 暂时的n. 同时代的人【典型例句】Jack and I are contemporaries at college.杰克与我同时读大学。
Many contemporary writers condemned the emperor’s actions.当时的许多作家都谴责该皇帝的行径。
互动课堂疏导引导一、词汇详解1.focus on 聚焦于【典型例句】The discussion focused on three main problems.讨论集中在三个主要问题上。
Each exercise focuses on a different grammar point.每个练习各有不同的语法重点。
Let your eyes focus on objects that are further away from you.睁着眼睛看清楚离你较远的物体。
【相关链接】focus n.中心点；焦点The incident brought the problem of violence in schools into sharp focus.这次事件使校园暴力成为焦点问题。
His comments provided a focus for debate.他的评论提供了辩论的重点。
2.open up 开门；营业；开张；出现；裂开【典型例句】Exciting possibilities were opening up for her in the new job.新工作为他带来了令人兴奋的发展前途。
There is a new Thai restaurant opening up in town.城里有一家新的泰国餐馆开张了。
The operation will open up the blocked passage around his heart.手术将把它心脏周围被堵塞的通道打开。
【相关链接】open a bank account 开一个银行账户open fire 开火opening n.入口3.contemporary adj. 暂时的n. 同时代的人【典型例句】Jack and I are contemporaries at college.杰克与我同时读大学。
Many contemporary writers condemned the emperor’s actions.当时的许多作家都谴责该皇帝的行径。
We have no contemporary account of the battle.我们没有当时人们对这一战役的记录。
4.recommend v. 推荐；建议【典型例句】What would you recommend for removing ink stain? 你看用什么办法可以除去墨迹？She was strongly recommended for the post.他被大力推荐担任这个职务。
I can recommend him as an extremely good accountant.他推荐他一定能当个好会计。
I’d recommend extreme caution.我奉劝多加小心。
I recommend that you resign.我建议你辞职。
I recommend (you) meeting him first.我建议你先见见他。
【知识小结】recommend sth. to sb. 向某人推荐某物recommend sb. for sth. 推荐某人做什么建议某人干某事⎪⎭⎪⎬⎫⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧do (should) sb.sth. doing sb.sth. do to sb.recommend【相关链接】recommendation n. 推荐；推荐信recommendable adj. 备受推荐的5.ignore v.忽视；不予理睬【典型例句】You’ve been ignoring me.你一直不把我放在眼里。
I ca n’t ignore his rudeness any longer.他粗暴无礼，我再也不能不管了。
I said hello to her, but she ignore d me completely.我向她打招呼，可她根本不理我。
She ignore d him and carried on with her work.她没理他，继续干她的活。
I made a suggestion but they chose to ignore it.我提了个建议，但是他们不理会。
【相关链接】ignorant adj. 无知的；不了解的At that time I was ignorant of events going on elsewhere.那时我并不了解其他地方发生的事情。
ignorance n. 无知Children often behave badly out of ignorance.儿童往往出于无知而不守规矩。
6.prevent v. 预防；阻止【典型例句】Who can prevent us from getting married now that you are of age?既然你已成年，谁能阻止我们结婚呢？Your prompt action prevented a serious accident.你及时的行动防止了一次严重的事故。
He is prevented by law from holding a license.按法律规定他不得持有执照。
【知识小结】注意：在用于被动语态时，以上三个短语中的from 都不能省略。
【相关链接】阻止某人干某事⎪⎭⎪⎬⎫doing from sb. keep doing (from) sb.prevent doing (from) sb. stop(from 不省略)7.purify vt.使纯净；净化；提炼【典型例句】Water is purified by passing through rock.水在穿透岩石的过程中得到了净化。
The soil has to be purified of all bacteria.要消灭这土壤的所有细菌使之净化。
Hindus purify themselves by bathing in the Ganges.印度教徒在恒河中浸泡借以涤罪。
【相关链接】pure adj. 纯的；纯净的；干净的I want a bottle of pure water.我想要一瓶纯净水。
They met by pure chance.他们相遇纯属偶然。
pure gold 纯金purely adv. 仅仅；完全She took the job purely and simply for the money.她做这份工作图的就是钱。
8.quantity n. 数量；大量；大批【典型例句】The data is limited in both quality and quantity.这份资料在质量和数量上都很有限。
The police found a quantity of drugs at his home.警察在他家发现了大量毒品。
It’s cheaper to buy goods in quantity .大量购物比较便宜。
What quantity do you require?你要求多大的数量？I prefer quality to quantity.我重质不重量。
There is only a small quantity left.只剩下很少。
【知识小结】（1）in large quantities 大量地（2）a large quantity of 修饰名词作主语；谓语动词用单数；quantities of 修饰名词作主语，谓语动词用复数。
【相关链接】修饰可数名词复数⎭⎬⎫many great a of number a 修饰不可数名词⎭⎬⎫of deal great a of amount large a 名词修饰可数名词或不可数⎪⎭⎪⎬⎫of plenty of lot a of lots9.be used to do被用来做某事【典型例句】Wood is often used to make paper.木材常用来造纸。
The knife is used to cut bread.这把刀是用来切面包的。
A hammer is used to drive in nails.锤子是用来钉钉子的。
【相关链接】（1）used to do 常用来指过去的动作或习惯，暗含现在已不再如此的意思。
We used to go sailing on the lake in summer.从前，我们经常在湖上泛舟。
I used to smoke, I don’t any more.我过去常吸烟，但现在已不吸了。
（2）be used to sth./doing sth. 意为“习惯做某事”；be 可以有多种时态形式。
He is quite used to working hard.他颇习惯于辛苦工作。
10.rapidly adv. 迅速地【典型例句】The disease is spreading rapidly .这种疾病在快速蔓延。
Crime figures are increasing rapidly .犯罪数字正在迅速上升。
【相关链接】rapid, fast, swift 与quick 辨析：rapid 急速地，常指急流、漩涡，语气比较强。
如：a rapid stream 湍急的小溪quick 迅速的，一般用语，意为立即行动，毫不拖延。
如：a quick answer 迅速的回答swift 迅速得；指动得非常迅速的东西，如风车、水车等，常和quick 通用。
如：a swift arrow 快速的箭fast 迅速的，指动作等的迅速，和rapid 通用。
如：a fast train 快速行驶的火车11.powerful adj. 强大的；有力的【典型例句】America is a powerful country.美国是一个强大的国家。
He is powerful to persuade others.他有本事说服人。
This is a powerful engine.这是一台大功率的发动机。
This is a powerful speech.这是一次有力的讲话。
【相关链接】(1)wind power 风能water power 水能power station 发电站(2)power, strength,force与energy辨析power指政权；权力；还可泛指做某事的能力；也可指物理学中的动力，功率。
strength主要指一个人所具有的力量；力气。
energy主要指人的精力，活力和物理学中的能，能量，能源。
force指为克服阻力，使事物运动而实际发出或施加的力量，即物理学中的力，也可指兵力、势力，武力。
