张可华2011职称英语串讲2

1. How to be Happy如何获得幸福In the past two weeks we have looked at the happiness formula defined by positive psychologist Martin Seligman, where H (happiness) = S (your biological set point for feeling happy) + C (the conditions of your life) + V (the voluntary choices you make). Next, we'll look at the conditions in life that can improve our happiness quotient.过去两周我们研究了一项幸福公式，这是由乐观心理学家马丁塞利格曼定义的。

H(幸福)=S(个人生理幸福感受的固定指数)+C(个人生活状态)+V(个人主观选择)。

接下来我们将着眼于能提升幸福指数的生活状态。

Step 1: Peace and quiet第一步：平和宁静Jonathon Haidt in his excellent book, 'The Happiness Hypothesis', notes that research shows that we can never completely adapt to new or chronic noise pollution. 乔纳森海迪在他的优秀著作《幸福假说》当中提到，研究调查显示，我们不可能完全适应噪音污染，无论是新近的还是长期的。

Loud noises trigger one of our most primitive fear responses (the other is the fear of falling) and we can never fully relax if we are surrounded by intrusive noise. 巨大噪声会引起我们某种面对恐惧本能反映(另一种是对于坠落的恐惧)，如果周遭噪音喧闹，我们不可能完全放松。

名师串讲综合英语（二）(珍藏版)上册Grammar & UsageSubject Verb Agreement(Ⅰ)1.主谓一致的三条原则（1）语法一致，即在语法形式上取得一致。

Human beings enjoy learning.Everybody’s understanding is incomplete.(2)意义一致，即根据意义来处理一致关系。

The people there are fighting for the independence of their country.Ten dollars was a lot of money at that time.（3）就近原则，即谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语。

There is a pen,two pencils and an eraser in the pencil box.Neither the boy nor his teachers know the answer.2.集体名词作主语时与动词的一致(1)当主语为furniture,equipment,machinery等词时，谓语动词通常用单数。

The furniture in that shop is all made in China.Office equipment is very expensive nowadays.(2)集体名词如people,cattle,police,poultry等往往作复数用。

Some people drive madly in this country.Many cattle have died because of the flood.(3)family,government,class,committee,audience,team,public等词被视作一个整体时，其后的动词用单数；被视为构成整体的个体时，其后的动词则为复数。

中石油职称英语考试大纲模拟试题一讲解请大家注重看每个句子的译文Vocabulary 词汇部分：1. I could just see a car in the distance, but I couldn't __ what color it was.A. make outB. look toC. look outD. take in【答案】A【译文】我只能看到远处一辆汽车，可是分辨不出汽车的颜色。

【试题分析】词组辨析题。

【详细解答】make out意为“辩认出，理解”，符合句意。

look to“照顾，负责”；look out“当心，提防”；take in“容纳，理解，欺骗（多用于被动态）”，均不符合句意。

2. The __ of new scientific discoveries to industrial production methods usually make jobs easier to do.A. additionB. associationC. applicationD. affection【答案】C【参考译文】新的科学发现应用于工业生产方法上常使工作更容易做。

【试题分析】此题为形近词辨析题。

【词义辨析】application应用、运用：the application of theory 理论的运用。

A. addition增加，一般用于in addition to”除……之外”结构中，此处不符合句意，科学发现不是“增加到”工业生产方法上，而是“应用到”工业生产技术中。

B. association联系，联想；协会；结交：I’m working in association with another person. 我与另外一个人合伙工作。

D. affection爱情；爱；影响。

3. He mumbled something and blushed as though a secret had been __.A. imposedB. exposedC. composedD. opposed【答案】B【参考译文】他咕噜地说了些什么，仿佛泄露了一个秘密，脸一下红了。

2011年职称英语（综合类）C级真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. 词汇选项 2. 阅读判断 3. 概括大意与完成句子 4. 阅读理解 5. 补全短文6. 完形填空词汇选项(第1-15题，每题1分，共15分)下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。

1．His shoes were shined to perfection.A．clearedB．polishedC．washedD．mended正确答案：B解析：本题难度不大，干扰项干扰不明显。

查词典，找到shine的引申意思“擦亮”，选项里只有polish有擦亮鞋的意思，所以确定答案不难。

本题是送分题。

2．She can be relied on in a crisis.A．looked afterB．believed inC．turned onD．depended on正确答案：D解析：本题有一定难度，B的干扰性最大，但在确定词的精确意义后，可以发现，relied on和depended on都是”可以依靠的”意思，所以D是最佳答案。

3．Marsha confessed that she knew nothing of computer.A．admittedB．reportedC．hopedD．answered正确答案：A解析：本题难度不大，干扰项干扰不大，是送分题，可以确认，confessed 和admitted都是“承认”的意思，所以最佳答案是A。

4．The test produced disappointing results.A．unsatisfactoryB．indirectC．similarD．positive正确答案：A解析：本题难度不大，也是送分题，可以确认disappointing和unsatisfactory 都是“失望的，让人不满意的”意思，所以最佳答案是A。

5．My doctor said I should vary my diet more.A．changeB．prepareC．cookD．choose正确答案：A解析：本题难度不大，干扰项干扰不大，是送分题，可以确认vary和change 都是“变化”的意思，答案是A。

2011年职称英语卫生类C级考试真题及答案第1部分：词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近选项。

1. We explored the possibility of expansion at the conference.A. offeredB. investigatedC. includedD. accepted2. His shoes were shined to perfection.A. clearedB. washedC. polishedD. mended3. A number of theories have been proposed to explain the situation.A. suggested B testedC. usedD. announced4. The high-speed trains can have a major impact on our lives.A. effortB. problemC concern D. influence5. Greene spent a brief time at Cambridge,A. shortB. hardC. goodD. long6. The book took ten years of thorough research.A. basicB. carefulC. socialD. major7. The love of money is the root of all evil.A. resultB. causeC. endD. force8. The test produced disappointing results.A. unsatisfactoryB. indirectC. similarD. positive9. Eventually, she got a job and moved to London.A. FinallyB. CertainlyC. LuckilyD. Naturally10. Things have changed a lot since I was a child.A. greatlyB. graduallyC. suddenlyD. frequently11. Marsha confessed that she knew nothing of computer.A. reportedB. hopedC. answeredD. admitted12. My doctor said I should vary my diet more.A. prepareB. cookC. chooseD. change13. She can be relied on in a crisis.A. looked afterB. depended onC. believed inD. turned on14. They converted the spare bedroom into an office.A. reducedB. movedC. turnedD. reformed15. His long-term goal is to set up his own business.A. ideaB. energyC. orderD. aim第2部分：阅读判断（第16~22题，每题1分，共7分）下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

2011年全国职称英语等级考试（理工类C级）真题及详解第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题l分，共15分)下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1. Greene spent a brief time at Cambridge.A. hardB. goodC. shortD. long【答案】C【解析】句意：格林在剑桥度过了短暂的时光。

brief短暂的。

short短暂的。

二者意思相近，可相互替换。

hard困难的。

good好的。

long长的。

因此，本题的正确答案为C。

2. Marsha confessed that she knew nothing of computer.A. reportedB. admittedC. hopedD. answered【答案】B【解析】句意：玛莎承认她对电脑一无所知。

confess承认。

admit承认。

二者意思相近，可相互替换。

report报道。

hope希望。

answer回答。

因此，本题的正确答案为B。

3. My doctor said I should vary my diet more.A. prepareB. cookC. changeD. choose【答案】C【解析】句意：我的医生说我应该饮食多样化。

vary改变，使多样化。

change改变。

二者意思相近，可相互替换。

prepare准备。

cook烹调。

choose挑选。

因此，本题的正确答案为C。

4. We explored the possibility of expansion at the conference.A. investigatedB. offeredC. includedD. accepted【答案】A【解析】句意：在会上，我们研究了扩建的可能性。

explore调查，研究。

investigate 调查，研究。

二者意思相近，可相互替换。

offer提供。

中石油职称英语考试大纲模拟试题三讲解语法部分21. __ he was a regular customer, the boss allowed 10% discount off the prices of the goods.A. GivingB. Given thatC. Giving thatD. To give that【答案】B【参考译文】考虑到他是位老顾客老板给他打了9折。

【试题分析】考查点：状语成分引导词Given that。

【详细解答】Given放句首，后跟名词或从句，然后再跟主句是固定句型，given充当介词使用，表示假设、假定、已知等意思，常译为“考虑到……，如果有……”。

如：Given his age, this child really did a good job. 考虑到他的年纪，小男孩的确干得不错。

22. Y ou are supposed __ everything ready by now.A. to getB. gettingC. to have gotD. having got【答案】C【参考译文】到目前为止你应该把一切都准备好了。

【试题分析】考查点：不等式的完成时【详细解答】be supposed后要接不定式，即be supposed to do sth. 表示“应该……”。

此句中“by now”表示动作应已完成，所以不定式要用完成时态，故C为正确答案。

23. __ all behavior is learned behavior is a basic assumption of social scientists.A. NearlyB. That nearlyC. It is nearlyD. When nearly【答案】B【译文】所有的行为都是习得，行为是社会学家的一个基本设想。

【试题分析】考查点：主语从句【详细解答】这是一个带主语从句的句子，that 引导出从句。

2011年全国职称英语综合类（C级）真题及答案解析第1部分：词汇选项（第1-15题，每题1分，共15分）下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1. Eventually, she got a job and moved to London.A FinallyB CertainlyC LuckilyD Naturally2. A number of theories have been proposed to explain the situation.A testedB usedC suggestedD announced3. She can be relied on in a crisis.A looked afterB believed inC depended onD turned on4. We explored the possibility of expansion at the conference.A offeredB includedC acceptedD investigated5. Greene spent a brief time at Cambridge.A hardB goodC shortD long6. My doctor said I should vary my diet more.A prepareB cookC chooseD change7. Things have changed a lot since I was a child.A graduallyB suddenlyC frequentlyD greatly8. The book took ten years thorough research.A carefulB basicC socialD major9. The love of money is the root of all evil.A causeB resultC endD force10. The high-speed trains can have major impact on our lives．A effortB influenceC problemD concern11. They converted the spare bedroom into an office.A turnedB reducedC movedD reformed12. The test produced disappointing results.A unsatisfactoryB indirectC similarD positive13. His long-term goal is to set up his own business.A. ideaB. energyC. aimD. Order14. Marsha confessed that she know nothing of computer.A reportedB hopedC answeredD admitted15. His shoes were shined to perfection.A. clearedB. polishedC. washedD. mended第2部分：阅读判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分）下面的短文列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

中石油职称英语考试大纲模拟试题三讲解词汇部分1. High in the sky a __ of birds was flying southward.A. swarmB. flockC. crowdD. herd【答案】B【译文】高空中一群鸟儿向南飞去。

【试题分析】词语辨析题。

【详细解答】a flock of意为“一群（鸟，羊等）”，为正确答案。

a swarm of，a crowd of，a herd of分别意为“一群（蜂、蚁、蝗虫等）”，“一群（人等）”，“一群（牛、鹿、象等）”。

2. American people are highly__ , and therefore may find it difficult to become deeply involved with others.A .moving B. mobile C. motional D. movable【答案】B【参考译文】美国人的流动性强，很难和别人深入交往下去。

【试题分析】此题为近义词辨析题。

【词义辨析】mobile流动的；经常搬迁的，没有定处的：Jews used to be mobile nation. 犹太人曾是个四处流浪，居无定所的民族。

A. moving正在运动着的：a moving car正在行驶的车子。

C. motional运动的。

D. movable可移动的：movable properties动产。

3. You'll have to buy some new shoes as these are __.A. used upB. wasted awayC. broken downD. worn out【答案】D【参考译文】你得买些新鞋。

这些都穿坏了。

【试题分析】此题为近义词组辨析题。

【词组辨析】wear out（把）穿破；（把）用坏：I have worn out my overall. 我把工作服穿破了。

中石油职称英语考试大纲模拟试题二讲解语法与结构部分：21. So forcefully __ that we were all convinced. （本题与第一套题第21题是一样的出题思路）A. he did speakB. he spokeC. did he speakD. that he spoke【答案】C【参考译文】他讲的话十分有说服力，我们都被说服了。

【试题分析】语法题，要求考生掌握倒装结构。

【详细解答】在so. . . that. . . 结构中，如果把so 置于句首，主句则要求用倒装语序。

such. . . that. . . 的结构用法与so. . . that. . . 相同。

此外，否定词及含否定意义的词如little, few等放于句首，句子也用倒装结构。

如Little does he be know about it, 他对此几乎一无所知。

22. It is human nature to think back to a Golden Age __ one's country was strong and respected.A. whenB. providedC. asD. unless【答案】A【参考译文】回想祖国曾强大无比和备受尊敬的金色时代是人的天性。

【考点分析】定语从句句中应该用关系副词when作连接，表示时间的定语从句，修饰Golden Age。

千万不能把它看成时间状语从句，那样就无法合理理解句意了。

四级考试中经常考查用关系副词when或者where引导的定语从句。

23." __ them an inch, and they will ask for a mile." is just one of the wise sayings in theEnglish language.A. GivingB. GivenC. GiveD. To give【答案】C【参考译文】“得寸进尺”是英语中警句之一。