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《飘》中斯嘉丽女性意识的觉醒摘要:玛格丽特·米切尔，美国作家，1937凭借《飘》获得普利策奖。
这既是她一生中唯一也是最著名的作品。
玛格丽特·米切尔出生于亚特兰大，在这儿她听说了许多有关美国南北方故事。
当她因伤在家时，她决定写一部有关这场战争的作品。
这是第一部以女性的角度描述有关美国内战的作品。
玛格丽特将视角放在了因遭受战乱而困于家中的女性。
纵观许多关于内战的作品，将重心放在了战争上。
而不是关于战争的主角人，而作为人类组成重要的一部分，女性也罕为许多作品所重视。
而这部作品，以女性的角度来观察内战。
许多批评家认为这是仅仅只是一部爱情故事。
然而，如果你带着对玛格丽特，对斯嘉丽，以及我们自己的一份思考，你会了解其背后的内涵。
本文将会从女性主义的角度分析这部作品。
第一部分是对作品的一个简单介绍，第二部分是对于女性主义的介绍，最后是关于作品中女性主义的具体分析。
关键词：内战；女性角度；女性主义The awakening of female consciousness of Scarlett's character inGone with the WindAbstractAs the first novel which describe American Civil War from women’s perspective, Margaret focuses on the suffering from the war of those women who stay at home and their difficult journey of reconstruction. Literary critics, on the basis of their respective knowledge and understanding have given different evaluation about this novel. Most of their researcher concentrates on the historical background of American Civil War, the abolitionist though, Scarlett’s particular character and the cultural discrepancy between the North and the South. Many critics question the literary value and outdated racial issue of Gone with the Wind. Some consider the novel superficial while treated it only a simple love story. However, the author thinks that the novel is most valuable if read with an understanding of three historical backgrounds, our own, Mitchell’s, and Scarlett’s. On the base of perspective of feministic, this paper wound analyzes the awakening of female self-consciousness reflected in this novel and its positive effect on the cause of women liberation. The first part of this paper is a general introduction to the work. Then the following chapter is introduction of the female consciousness, Chapter three is feminist analysis of Gone with the Wind and of Scarlet’s characteristic.Key words:Margaret; Scarlett; Civil War.AcknowledgementsFirst of all, I want to express my great gratitude to my supervisor, Mr. Ge Youjin, both for her valuable advice and critical comments during the process of writing this essay. With patience and courage , he guided me this essay and discovered defects in my theorizing. Thought I know that the thesis might still contain some errors, for which I bear the whole responsibility.My thanks also go to all the teachers in the Department of English, whose scholarship has impressed me during my college years.I am also very grateful to my friends, who have given me useful help and courage when I am writing this essay.Finally, I greatly appreciate my parents's support and endless love. My heart swells with gratitude to all the people who helped me.Contents中文摘要 (i)Abstract (ii)1. Gone with the wind1.1 The introduction of the author (3)1.2 The brief introduction of the story (5)2.The Female Consciousness ················································································2.1 The definition of the Female consciousness (5)2.2 The background of the Female consciousness (7)2.3 The development and influence of the Female consciousness (8)3.Specific analysis (8)3.1 The analysis of the characters in the novel character (8)3.2 The specific examples and analysis of the awakening of the consciousnes of the novel (9)3.3 The great significance of the female consciousness of Gone withthe Wind (9)4.Analyzing the novel's theme and its significance and enlightenment for the modern society (14)5.Conclusion (17)6.Notes Bibliography (14)introduction1.1 The introduction of the authorMargaret Mannerly Mitchell, an American author, won the Pulitzer Prize in 1937 for her novel Gone with the Wind. It was the only and best book she wrote in her all life, Margaret Mitchell was born in Atlanta, where she can hear many stories about the war between the northern and southern states in American, and when she was wounded in home, she decided to write a book about the war .This work is one of the most popular books of all time.1.2 The brief Introduction of the storyThe novel Gone with the Wind was set the times of the Civil War in Atlantic. At that time, the South is a new reclaimed land where the industrial civilization has not yet penetrated it. Soon or later, the American Civil War broke out. Ashley and Charles joined the war. Unfortunately, Charles died in the war. Scarlett became a widow, but she has been in love with Ashley.2.The female consciousness2.1 The definition of the female consciousnessFeminism is the belief that women should be allowed the same rights, power and opportunities as men and be treated in the same way, or the set of activities int ended to achieve this state. Hundred years ago, women’s social statue was quite low, women was treated as appendage to men, they only had rights of living, their manner, speaking and behavior were regulated by a series of serious rules and discipline. With the education spreading among women and the awakening of female self-consciousness, they came to realize that they should defend their economic, political and other rights and pursue equal treatment like men. Then there appear feminism. Feminism is a series of movements aimed at defining, establishing, and defending equal political, economic, and social rights and equal opportunities for women. Feminism is mainly focused on women's issues.2.2 The background of the female consciousnessHundred years ago, women’s social statue was quite low, women was treated as appendage to men, they only had rights of living, their manner, speaking and behavior were regulated by a series of serious rules and discipline. With the education spreading among women and the awakening of female self-consciousness, they came to realize that they should defend their economic, political and other rights and pursue equal treatment like men.2.3 The development and influence of the Female consciousnessFirst-wave feminism was a series of activities during the nineteenth century and early twentieth century. In the U.K. and U.S., it focused on promoting equal contract, marriage, parenting, and property rights for women. However, by the end of the nineteenth century, activism focused mainly on gaining political power, particularly the right of women's voting, though some feminists were active in campaigning for women's sexual and economic rights at this time.Second-wave feminism is a feminist movement beginning in the early 1960s and continuing to the 20th and it coexists with third-wave feminism. Second wave feminism is largely concerned with issues of equality not only suffrage, but things like ending discrimination. Second-wave feminists treat women's cultural and political inequalities as its main purposes that to be deal with. During this period, feminist encourage women to understand aspects of their personal lives deeply by means of public promoting. The feminist activist and author Carol Hamish came up with the slogan for the first time "The Personal is Political", which became synonymous with the second wave.Third-wave feminism is start from 1900 to the present. It arose as a response toward failures of the second wave and also as a response to the movements created by the second wave. Third- wave feminism often correct the second wave’s ideas and movements that are not good for females. It accommodates contradictions; conflict and changes. The third wave has its origins in the mid-1980.3.Specific analysis3.1 The analysis of the characters in the novel character3.2 The specific examples and analysis of the awakening of the consciousnes of the novelScarlett’s mother Ellen, a typical noble and elegant female character, is a faultless woman with selfless love. Although she abides by the traditional conventions, she is also a girl with flesh and blood, thought and love. When her love is against ethical codes, she also flares resistant sparks, showing her self-consciousness. At the age of fifteen, Ellen irrevocably falls in love with her cousin Philip, a playboy. Her father firmly objects to it and manage to extrude Philip. Later Philip dies of a bar rioting. His death takes away all of Ellen’s hope. She adopts the only way a gir l can take to fight against her father’s autocracy——forcing her father to agree with her own choice of marriage with the threat of being a nun. She buries her desperation down in her heart and exhausts her life in selfless dedication to her family. However on her deathbed, what she calls out are not the names of her daughters or her husband, but her beloved Philip. Although her fight dose not make her live with her lover, it reflects women’s longing and pursuit for free love and self-directed marriage. This obviously oversteps the meaning of love and marriage themselves and extends to the pursuance of human rights and women’s independence.Scarlett O’Hara, the heroine, is an artistic character that has strong, clear-cut, and rebellious individuality. As t he apple of her parents’ eyes, she comes on the stage from the age of 16 to 28, during which she has married three husbands, been a widow twice, given birth to three babies and also has spared no efforts to revive the family business. When creating this female image, the author places her under the wild social background of American Civil War and the background of the reconstruction after the war, demonstrates her disposition and manners in multi-aspects of her life in love, war and family with a full reflection of her winding and changing psychological journey; thus brings about for the readers a female who is brave enough to face life, unwilling to be indifferent, and persistent in the pursuit of self-value.In the patriarchal society, Scarlett opposes to the gender discrimination from the bottom of her heart; she is neither reconciled to the passive position nor to the failure; besides, she keeps being herself, and always directly expresses and immediately takes action for what she wants. All of these are the epitomes of her strong sense of feminism. It can be said that she, form beginning to end, is against sexism and the fetters imposed on her by the gender attribution, and does her utmost to look for women’s rights which are equal to or even more than those of men’s with her own practices. She is the perfect embodiment of Virginia Woolf’s “androgyny” thought governed by two kinds of power at the same time: the feminine power, soft on theoutside while staunch on the inside; and the masculine power, tender inside despite a hard shell. She overthrows the images of “angels” or “lamias” in the patriarchal literature, and becomes a masculine woman——a woman with men’s wisdom, indomitable will and wild ambitions. As an image with the ideal personality of “androgyny” which is the deconstruction of gender binary opposition, Scarlett announces Margaret’s strong protest against male-centered values.French famous sociologist Julia Kristeva once said that “God” in patriarchal religion creates the world: he separates light from darkness, land from ocean, and a variety of animals and human beings from himself, putting over the original chaotic connection. Through similar separation, humans are divided into two categories: men and women. Women are departed from men, turning into wives, daughters, mothers, or being the three at the same time with the function of multiplication (Julia Kristeva, 1974). God seldom talks to women and most of religions in western cultures oppress women’s consciousness. In patriarchal society, Go d stands up for men, the evidences of which can be traced in the Holy Bible “But I want you to understand that Christ is the head of every man, and the man is the head of a woman, and God is the head of Christ” (Bible, 2008). Therefore women’s rebellion against “God” who defends male rights is an exhibition of their self-consciousness. Scarlett, the heroine, is such a woman who is afraid of neither “God” nor men.For Scarlett, religion is just a thing on the lips. When the whole family is praying, her disappointment and sadness have indeed gone with the wind, and she gains a sense of hope; however such comfort is not from God but from her mother’s peaceful face as she is praying. In Scarlett’s eyes, her mother Ellen rather than God is her real spiritual backbone and source of wisdom. Therefore when Scarlett leaves her mother, her religious convention becomes quite weak. “Scarlett’s conscience smote her at this last, for it had been months since she had been to church.”(Margaret Mitchell, 2008). In addition, the misery later brought by the war further stops Scarlett from going to the church, praying or communicating with God, for she feels that asking for God’s blessing dose little good to relieve her sufferings. She even questions God’s power and justice in her heart “For some time she had felt that God was not watching out for her, the Confederates or the South, in spite of the millions of prayers ascending to Him daily” (Margaret Mitchell, 2008). After pushing through the flames of the war and going through thick and thin, Scarlett return home Tara only to find her mother’s death and the devastated house with nobody and nothing to rely on. The death of her mother completely cuts off the contact between God and her, and becomes the symbol of her non-believing. The so-called “Omniscient and omnipotent” God cannot give her strength, nor can he be the one that can be counted on. Hence, she dose what she wants to do, says what she wants to say, and creates her own life with her own hands, regardless of the God’s wil l.From the very beginning she denies accepting the marriage proposed by her father. At the barbeque in the Twelve Oaks, she casts off lady’s style, takes the initiative to reveal her true love to Ashely and even proposes the idea of elopement. She throws off family bondage, steps out of the cave of “home” into society and no longer blindly sacrifices herself to fulfill others. Instead she courageously quests fortrue self and her value. Through her numerous anti-conventional behaviors, Scarlett demonstrates her outstanding judgments and courage. Her behavior outdoes what the patriarchal society has set for women, expressing women’s desire for self-consciousness and independent rights.3.3 The great significance of the female consciousness of Gone with the WindAs for the marriage in the traditional patriarchal society, men occupy the positive role while women are passive. However, Scarlett actively keeps searching for her own marriage and true happiness. She chooses to express her deep love to Ashely instead of accepting the marriage selected by her father. Although her later marriages are resulted from life forces, they are her own decisions. She is the rare master of her love and marriage in that era.For many years, there is only one man in her heart——Ashely. In order to win his love, she simpers, pretends to be innocent and shows her off with every means which she despises so much. For this blind love, she would rather to raise Ashely’s whole family. Furthermore, she is even willing to give up her lumber mill’s half profits just for Ashely’s stay. After Ashely’s return from the war, he has nothing except depression and inability. However Scarlett, who always disdains the weak and the coward, shows her great tolerance and understanding to him, taking every possible measure to support him materially. Lost in her love, Scarlett considers Ashely as a deity. She would give everything even her life to do what he wants. But when she stands a chance to get Ashely, she miserably finds that he is not her “Mr.Right”. “He never really existed at all, except in my imagination” (Margaret Mitchell, 2008). She realizes her real beloved is Rhett, the man who stands behind her but quietly supports and loves her. But unfortunately it is too late to realize it because Rhett, with a deeply broken heart, decides to leave her. Although Scarlett is at her wits’ end for a while, she regains her fighting spirit. She makes up her mind to get him back. She believes that she can make it as long as she has determined to do. She will not and neither can she admit failure. Her fate and her happiness are in her own hands. Therefore in Scarlett’s sub-consciousness, she has strong awareness of male conquest.4.Analyzing the novel's theme and its significance and enlightenment for the modern societyBefore the Civil war, the South is a new reclaimed land where the industrial civilization has not yet penetrated it. The residents rest on the rolling money gained by cotton planting and picking. There, within the shadow of chivalry, keeps the skin-deep grace and splendor. Women living on the red soil are delicate flowers, tightly clinging to men and decorating men’s world. They have no rights to vote. Nor can they control their belongings or children after they get married, let alone draw a will or make a treaty without their husbands’ permission. Their social status is parallel to “that of a minor or a slave” (Deborah L.Madsen, 2006). They endure dualoppression not only from men but also from themselves, lying in the subordinate social position without the privilege to manage their own lives. In this male-dominated world, men stifle women’s development from every aspect.5. ConclusionGone with the Wind, an American novel by Margaret Mitchell is one of the most popular of all time. The author of Gone with the Wind is Margaret Mitchell, an American modern woman writer. She is frequently neglected by critics. Many people neglect the value of feminist learning contained in her work. So in her novel, we can find her idea of women’s equality and independence with men.Gone with the Wind is a very successful commercial novel; however it doesn’t get enough attention from the literary critics accordingly. If we focus on the limited critiques of Gone with the Wind, we can find that the novel was discussed only as a realistic romance. Few scholars analyze the novel from the feminist perspective. Actually, Gone with the Wind turns out turns out to be a valuable target to be studied and analyzed from the feminist perspective. The value of feminist leaning contained in the novel is very obvious.The author of Gone with the Wind is a woman who was deeply influenced with Feminism. The story of Gone with the Wind is set during the American Civil War and Reconstruction period. At that time, in the South, men were the dominance of women. In order to obey the passive femininity, the Southern women needed to appear timid, helpless, and feeble. They didn’t have the fundamental political and civil rights. And their economic and educational opportunities were also very limiter. This paper has analyzed the awakening of female self-consciousness reflected in this novel by analyzing the changes Scarlett gone through before the war, during the war and after the warThere are many lively and vivid characters in Gone with the Wind, and the most important one is Scarlett O’Hara. She is an extraordinarily energetic woman. Scarlett has the courage to survive the horrors and chaos of the war years. Her transformation is closely associated with the changing Southern culture and society. What impress the reader most is her constant feminist leanings which become and more noticeable in the novel. According to the analysis done by the thesis, it is found that Gone with the Wind is a valuable work which contains feminist leanings. We should read it and study it from different perspectives.At last, as the limitation of the thesis, the paper ends here, but it is obvious that researches on Gone with the WindWorks CitedAbraham, M Francis.,and P Subhadra, ed. Women, Development and Change: The Third World Experience. U.S.A: Wyndham Hall Press,1988.Bodin, Jeanne.,and Beth Millstein, ed. We, the American Women. U.S.A: Publisher, 1977.Chatham, New Jersey. Citizen Politics in Western Democracies . U.S.A:House Publisher Inc,1988.Norton, Mary Beth. Major Problem in American Women’s History. Canada:D.C.Heath and Company,1989.Zheng, Daqun[郑大群].女性主义美国学派[J].吉首大学学报,2007(1):51-54 Wang,Huijun,etc[王惠君等].世界文学名著英汉对照全译精选[M].奎屯：伊犁人民出版社，2001.。
文学评论·外国文学从女性主义角度解读《飘》中斯嘉丽的行为刘凤 辽宁大学外国语学院摘 要：随着妇女们自我意识的觉醒，她们要求在各方面都能享受到与男子同样的待遇。
小说《飘》的女主人公斯嘉丽就引领着女性主义运动的思潮，她从自身做起，在努力解放自我的同时，也明确了男女生而平等的思想，认为不论男女，都拥有实现自我的权利。
关键词：女性主义；《飘》；斯嘉丽[中图分类号]：I106 [文献标识码]：A[文章编号]：1002-2139(2019)-03-144-01引言：19世纪末20世纪初，女权运动在美国南方的发展受到了阻碍，因为美国南方仍然遍布种植园，实行的也依然是奴隶制，在这种背景下，女性还被认为是男性的附属品，而不是一个完整的个体。
《飘》以美国内战为背景，生动展现了一个勇于追求爱情，大胆开创事业，敢于与男性竞争的独立且自由的女性形象。
在当时以男性为主导的情况下，美国南方社会对女性的要求是要绝对地服从男性，事事以丈夫和家庭为先，做一个大众认可的好妻子。
然而，少女时期的斯嘉丽，就频频违反规则，不断挑战人们的认知，尽管她的行为在当时当地是不合规的，但今天看来，她的这些举动却恰恰表明了她自我意识的觉醒，是女性主义思想的体现。
下面我们将分别从勇于追求和主导自己的爱情与婚姻，大胆追求金钱和属于自己的事业和敢于追求两性平等三方面来探讨斯嘉丽身上展现出来的女性主义思想。
一、勇于追求和主导自己的爱情与婚姻斯嘉丽身上的女权主义思想表现在她对爱情的大胆追求和能够主宰自己婚姻的态度上。
由于遗传了她爸爸的“爱尔兰血统”，斯嘉丽从小就具有极强的反叛精神，在爱情上，她更是不会受到世俗眼光的牵绊，而是一直主动地追求自己爱的人，是自己爱情与婚姻的主宰者。
少女时代，斯嘉丽就爱上了隔壁庄园少主阿希礼，她一直为自己和阿希礼创造独处的机会，希望他对自己的爱慕做出回应，在得知阿希礼要和他表妹媚兰结婚时，她又主动地向阿希礼表明了自己的感情，希望阿希礼能与她私奔，在遭到阿希礼的拒绝之后，她狠狠地打了阿希礼一耳光，并认为阿希礼就是一个懦夫，然后火速与媚兰的哥哥查尔斯结了婚，这里呈现出来的似乎是一个骄纵蛮横无理的女孩形象，但这只是一个表象，更深处体现出来的却是斯嘉丽对爱情的大胆追求以及她敢爱敢恨的性格。
女性自立与斯嘉丽的成长飘的女性主义分析女性自立与斯嘉丽的成长——飘的女性主义分析飘，是美国作家玛格丽特·米切尔创作的一部经典文学作品，以南北战争为背景，通过讲述主人公斯嘉丽·欧哈拉的故事，展现了一个独立、坚强的女性形象。
本文将分析《飘》中体现女性自立与斯嘉丽的成长的主要方面，旨在探讨其中流淌的女性主义观点。
一、女性自立的奋斗斯嘉丽的自立精神在《飘》中得到了充分的体现。
在战争期间，男性社会角色的削弱让女性们不得不应对家庭和生活的各种挑战。
斯嘉丽在丈夫早逝后，成为一个年轻寡妇，独自面对着贫困和责任。
然而，她决心只凭自己的力量摆脱困境，不再依赖男性。
她勤劳努力，经商立足，最终成为了一个事业有成的企业家。
斯嘉丽的成功证明了女性有能力在一个充满男性主导的社会中逆袭取得成功。
她坚定的意志力不仅让她不断实现自己的目标，更让她从传统的女性角色中摆脱出来。
斯嘉丽在这个过程中经历了无数的困难和挫折，但她从未放弃，不断追求自己的价值和独立。
二、斯嘉丽的成长与自我意识觉醒斯嘉丽的成长是一个从单纯无知到自我意识觉醒的过程。
刚开始的斯嘉丽拥有传统的女性特质，她的生活围绕在忠诚与爱情之中。
然而，在战争爆发后，她被迫改变，学会了自我保护和生存。
这个过程中，斯嘉丽经历了多次失去和痛苦，也看到了人性的丑陋和冷酷。
她对传统女性角色的认知逐渐发生了转变，开始尝试不按照传统规则行事，她学会了掌握财富和权力，以此来保护自己和家人。
然而，这样的成长也让她付出了代价，她失去了很多对她来说重要的东西，包括真正的爱情和友谊。
斯嘉丽最终能够看清传统社会对女性的束缚和限制，认识到自己更加需要独立和自主。
三、女性主义观点的探讨在《飘》中，女性主义的观点得到了明确的阐释。
通过斯嘉丽的成长，我们看到了女性独立的重要性和自由选择的权利。
斯嘉丽不再满足于传统意义上的女性角色，她表达了女性渴望独立的愿望和对男权社会的批判。
作为女性主义形象的代表，斯嘉丽通过坚韧、聪明和勇敢来打破了男性对女性角色的刻板印象。
doi :10.16732/j .cnki .jeu .2020.03.020女性主义视角下《飘》中的新女性形象史丽红(阳泉师范高等专科学校外语系，山西阳泉045200)摘要：斯佳丽是小说《飘》里塑造的一位具有女性主义色彩的人物形象。
她美丽、骄傲、勇敢、执着;虚荣、物质、自私、叛 逆，完全区别于以往文学作品中完美的女性形象，作家将女性的复杂多变描绘得十分到位。
文章基于女性主义视A ，从爱情 与婚姻、生活和事业两个方向出发，对小说中新女性形象斯佳丽进行分析解读。
关键词：玛格丽特•米切尔；《飘》;女性主义中图分类号：1106.4文献标识码：A文章编号：1008-9004(2020)03-0063-02第27卷第3期鄂州大学学报2020年5月Vol.27 No.3Journal of Ezhou UniversityMay.20201936年，美国女作家玛格丽特•米切尔发表了 她的长篇小说《飘》,这是她生前唯一出版过的一 部作品，正是这部作品让她在世界文学史上始终 占有一席之地。
小说对斯佳丽女性主义意识的发 展描绘得十分到位——初步觉醒、逐渐增强、达到 顶峰。
[1]主人翁斯佳丽是一位复杂的女性,我们甚 致法用语言去评论她敝与坏。
但是，我们不得不 承认她是一f 立魅力女性。
同时，作家这种女性主义意 识的创作赋予小说主人翁斯佳丽“新女性”形象特 征，这些特征正是她女性主体意识的强烈表达。
0一、执着追求爱情和婚姻自主的“新女性"形象(一)敢于争取,主张恋爱自由 斯佳丽对爱情的追求、对生命的尊重、对自由 的向往,无不体现出她积极向上追求独立的“新女 性”形象。
斯佳丽对爱情的勇敢追求更是让人难 忘。
当再三听到阿希礼和玫兰妮要结婚的消息时, 她敢于去争取，完全不受自己淑女形象的影响。
她 主动去找阿希礼告白时有这样一段话:“……你是 懦夫，你是王八蛋，你不该哄骗我,使我相信你会 跟我结婚。
”一个蔑视传统观念、蛮横和刁泼的失 意少女形象跃然纸上。
《飘》中的女性主义思想解析19世纪时，真正意义上的女性文学才开始兴起，到了20世纪六七十年代，女性主义成为文学批评理论的一个新兴领域，同时女性主义也进入了哲?W领域，成为一种社会思潮。
而在此之前，社会的话语权一直被男性所主导。
小说《飘》于1936年诞生，符合了此时的社会趋势。
小说的主人公斯嘉丽是一位女性，小说的主线就是主人公的成长经历和转变过程。
它反映了美国内战以后佐治亚州重建时期的历史变迁，融合了爱情的浪漫和现实的写实。
作者站在女性主义的角度，剖析主人公的命运变迁及其背后的性格因素。
斯嘉丽在时代变革的大背景下，冲破了传统的偏见和“男尊女卑”的思想藩篱，与男权社会进行斗争，争取独立，是一个坚强勇敢的时代符号[1]。
一、女性主义相关理论概述关于女性主义的内涵，可谓仁者见仁，智者见智。
西蒙?波伏娃定义了女性主义是专为女性问题奋斗的主义，这种主义的斗争与阶级斗争不同。
吉尔曼认为女性主义是世界范围内女性的一种社会觉醒，它的产生有着深刻的历史与社会背景。
凯特将女性主义定义为对障碍的一种反抗，这种障碍是人为的，诸如法律或者风俗习惯，它们阻碍了女性享有应有的自由，且这种反抗是世界范围的。
女性主义虽然是世界范围的趋势，但是由于所处的文化背景等因素的不同，女性主义的流派和分支数量也是蔚为壮观的。
虽然这些流派在对女性主义的基础理论上有不同的主张，但是它们的目的是一致或者是相似的，即是对既存的男权、父权文化的批判和进一步改造[2]。
女性主义在历史演变的进程中，因其特殊性，根据主张和特征大致可以分为九大类，其中不乏有马克思主义女性主义、生态女性主义、当代社会主义女性主义等我们较为熟悉的女性主义思想理论。
这些女性主义的理论研究方向、代表观点各有侧重，但却有着相同的重要前提，那便是承认女性在世界上是一个被歧视、被压迫的群体，有着很强烈的解放欲望和必要。
二、小说《飘》中女性角色的思想简述1斯嘉丽：反叛反抗主人公斯嘉丽早在少女的时候就颇具反抗意识，尽管保姆和母亲艾伦经常对她灌输传统思想，但是往往无济于事。
《飘》中女主人公斯嘉丽悲剧的生态女性主义解读作者：朱离杰来源：《青年文学家》2016年第06期摘要：美国小说《飘》中塑造了许多人物形象，其中斯嘉丽是女性人物的代表，她的一生可谓跌宕起伏。
本文以近年在国内兴起的生态女性主义为视角，尝试重新分析斯嘉丽悲剧命运形成的原因，以使这本文学名著焕发新生命。
关键词：《飘》；悲剧；生态女性主义[中图分类号]：I106 [文献标识码]：A[文章编号]：1002-2139（2016）-06-0-01《飘》是二十世纪美国现实主义文学的代表作，该小说的作者玛格丽特·米切尔摒弃了正邪两立的人物写作手法，成功塑造了一个又一个正邪组合的人物，这些人物拥有既圆润又形象的性格。
其中，斯嘉丽这一人物集所有矛盾和光芒于一身，这也是本文选取斯嘉丽作为分析对象的原因。
一、生态女性主义的简介二十世纪七十年代晚期，法国女性主义学者F·奥波尼率先提出生态女性主义，随后生态女性主义蔓延到各国，尤其以美国的研究最为发达和先进。
该理论把生态学和女权主义结合在一起，是一项创新性的女权运动。
从过去的母系社会到如今的父系社会，女性的地位由主导变为男性的附属。
进入现代社会后，女性主义迅速发展。
在遭遇生态环境危机后，备受父权制压制的大自然和女性自觉地走在了一起。
生态女性主义倡导男女之间平等的关系，并呼吁建立人和自然和谐发展的社会。
二、斯嘉丽的生活经历斯嘉丽的生活可以分为三个阶段：第一阶段，上层社会的富家小姐生活。
斯嘉丽所生活的美国南部靠传统的农耕为生，等级分明。
女孩要用尽浑身力气实现她们的人生目标：嫁给有钱人，并且一辈子依靠他。
斯嘉丽一直与传统观念做抗争，她的目标是嫁给她喜欢的男孩。
受母亲的影响，她的叛逆没有得到展现。
第二阶段，坚强的、有能力的一家之主。
斯嘉丽的母亲埃伦是全家人的精神支柱，战争爆发后，埃伦去世，父亲因为伤心过度失去意志，两个妹妹因为生病身体很虚弱。
斯嘉丽血液里的反抗基因开始显露。
电影《乱世佳人》中的女性主义解读一、本文概述《乱世佳人》是一部由美国女作家玛格丽特·米切尔创作的小说，后被改编成电影，成为了一部备受赞誉的经典作品。
本文将对电影《乱世佳人》中的女性主义进行解读，探讨该电影中女性角色的塑造以及女性主义思想的体现。
电影《乱世佳人》以美国南北战争为背景，通过主人公斯嘉丽·奥哈拉的生活经历，展现了女性在战争和社会变革中的困境和抗争。
本文将首先概述电影的基本情节和主要人物，介绍斯嘉丽等女性角色的性格特点和行为表现。
接着，本文将分析电影中女性角色的塑造方式，探讨导演如何通过对女性角色的刻画来展现女性主义思想。
在电影中，女性角色不再是传统意义上的弱者，她们在困境中展现出坚韧、勇敢和智慧。
斯嘉丽就是一个典型的例子，她在战争中失去了家园和亲人，却依然坚韧不拔地生活下去，并通过自己的努力和智慧逐渐走出困境。
本文将通过深入分析这些女性角色的形象和行为，来探讨电影中所蕴含的女性主义思想。
本文将总结电影《乱世佳人》中的女性主义解读，指出该电影对于女性主义思想的贡献和启示。
通过对电影中女性角色的分析和探讨，我们可以更好地理解女性在社会中的地位和作用，以及女性应该如何面对困境和挑战。
本文也希望通过对电影《乱世佳人》的女性主义解读，能够引发更多对于女性主义和性别平等的思考和讨论。
二、电影中的女性形象分析《乱世佳人》作为一部描绘美国南北战争时期的经典电影，其女性形象的塑造无疑具有深远的意义。
电影中的女性角色，如斯嘉丽、梅兰妮和贝尔·沃特林等，各自代表了不同的女性主义观点和价值观，从而为我们提供了丰富的解读空间。
斯嘉丽·奥哈拉是电影中的核心人物，她的形象塑造充满了复杂性和矛盾性。
一方面，她坚韧、独立，具有强烈的生存欲望和竞争意识，这些特质体现了女性主义中强调的女性独立和自我实现的观点。
她不畏艰难，即使在战争和困境中也能勇敢地生存下去，并努力追求自己的幸福。
另一方面，斯嘉丽也深受传统女性角色的影响，她的行为和决策常常受到男性视角的束缚。
基于女性主义视角对《乱世佳人》斯嘉丽形象研究至今世界上有很多表达女性主义的影视作品。
《乱世佳人》是经典之一。
这是一部典型的电影，改编自美国小说家玛格丽特·米切尔的同名小说。
《乱世佳人》的魅力贯穿整个20世纪，被誉为好莱坞的“第一部大片”。
在这部影片中，女主人公的形象被生动地刻画，传达了女性主义。
《乱世佳人》中的斯嘉丽形象分析对于女性主义的解读具有重要意义。
标签：《乱世佳人》;女性主义;文学1.女性主义理论背景“女权主义”一词起源于19世纪法国。
随着三次女权运动的兴起，人们逐渐认识到了这些运动之间的矛盾和不公正。
女权主义者学者研究了女性、男性和性别之间的社会关系，这些关系存在于学科的概念框架之中，贯穿于学科的各个领域，并且坚持反对学科的概念框架，运用存在主义哲学对女性处境进行了分析和再探索，从一个全新的视角系统地阐释了存在的潜在女性主义。
女性主义政治行动挑战诸如生育权、堕胎权、教育权、家庭暴力、性别歧视与性暴力等等的议题。
探究的主题则包括歧视、刻板印象、物化（尤其是關于性的物化）、身体、压迫与父权，是一个跨越阶级与种族界线的社会运动。
2.乱世佳人中的女性主义起源20世纪20年代，女性主义文学蓬勃发展。
随着法国大革命倡导的自由、平等、博爱和自然人权的思想在世界范围内迅速普及，一场争取妇女在政治、经济和教育方面平等的女权运动于1930年代开始，玛格丽特·米切尔的《乱世佳人》就是在这样的情况下出版的。
内战前，“绅士”和“淑女”们在自家庄园中过着无忧无虑、井然有序的生活。
随着美国北方资本主义经济发展日盛，从前鼎盛荣耀的南方种植园经济濒临衰落。
在这一新旧文明碰撞的特殊时期，美国的女性主义迎来了新的发展。
这一时期的美国南方，男权主义盛行，女性作为“淑女”必须表现得柔弱、无助而获得男人的爱意和保护。
女人没有独立的经济来源，她们在家庭中的地位就是要做好一个能照顾好丈夫、子女，且管理好家庭人员和收支的角色。
《飘》的生态女性主义解读摘要：本文从生态女性主义视角出发，首先阐明了《飘》女主人公斯嘉丽和自然的密切联系，二者相互依赖。
特别是二者在符号上和经验上具有相似性。
其次，通过展现美国内战期间对自然环境的破坏，以及从斯嘉丽坎坷的充满悲剧性的感情婚姻之路以揭露传统的二元对立思维模式和父权制对自然和女性的压迫。
最后，通过分析斯嘉丽的坚强叛逆的新女性形象，体现她对和谐之路进行探索：她不顾世俗眼光，冲破传统教条束缚，对当时的父权制封建社会发起挑战；面对亲人的离开，战火纷飞下，全力留住塔拉庄园并且重建了战后的塔拉庄园，追寻与自然的和谐；经历过了战火的洗礼，经历了婚姻的离合和真爱的追寻，完成了自我的重生。
关键词：生态女性主义女性自然和谐1.引言小说《飘》原名 gone with the wind, 1937年获得普利策奖和美国出版商协会奖，当时，这本小说虽然被当做是一部杰出不朽的作品却得不到应有的文学地位。
(emory elliott,1988)尽管如此，作品中那位魅力无穷的女主角斯嘉丽给世人留下了难以忘怀的印象。
作者将她放在南北战争和战后重建时期广阔的社会背景上，描写了她在爱情生活、经济生活和家庭生活中的性情仪态,揭示出她内在的精神世界，为我们塑造了一个极为鲜明的艺术形象，再现了那个时代美国南方这个地区的社会生活。
1974年，法国女性主义者弗朗西丝娃·德·奥波妮（francoised’eaubonne)在《女性主义·毁灭》（le feminisme ou la mort）一文中，最先提出了“生态女性主义”这标志着西方生态女性主义理论研究的开端。
生态女性主义是一种将生态主义和女性主义相结合的社会政治运动。
其主要观点是西方文化在贬低自然和贬低女性之间存在着特殊的关系。
父权制社会对自然界的支配和压迫和对女性的支配和压迫在思维框架上是同源的，这也是造成生态破坏的主要根源。
（warren karen j，1998:125-146）生态女性主义强调女性在解决全球生态危机中的潜力，号召妇女起来领导一场拯救地球的生态革命，并倡导在人与自然、男性与女性之间建立一种新型和谐平等关系综合国内外学者对《飘》的研究成果，我发现将生态女性主义和这部作品结合，进行的探析却很少。
女性主义视角下斯嘉丽•奥哈拉的性格特点中文摘要1926年，美国著名作家玛格丽特·米歇尔创作了《飘》，耗时近十年才得以出版。
《飘》是一部表现美国南北战争前后旧南方人们生活及心理变化的爱情小说。
尽管那个时代男女不平等，《飘》中的妇女却展示了和男性一样甚至胜于男性的勇气和智慧。
这本小说表现了早期的女性独立意识。
尤其是女主人公斯嘉丽·奥哈拉,她创立了新女性形象。
一方面斯嘉丽拥有着男性梦想中女性的美丽的容颜，另一方面，斯嘉丽勇敢又聪明，当陷入困境，她站起来保护她的家人和朋友。
在对抗主流价值观和追求女性自身权益和地位的过程中，斯嘉丽·奥哈拉拥有了早期的女性主义意识。
女性主义意识是实现女性独立的重要因素，基于这一主题，本文以玛格丽特·米歇尔的著名小说《飘》为蓝本分析其女主人公斯嘉丽·奥哈拉，主要从斯嘉丽·奥哈拉女性主义意识的特点入手。
法国著名作家西蒙·德·波伏娃曾说：“女人不是生成的，而是造就的。
”通过分析，本文得出了一个结论：只有在不同的关系中保持独立的人格并互相帮助，女性才能在社会上获得平等的地位。
关键词：玛格丽特·米歇尔，《飘》，斯嘉丽，女性意识觉醒，独立。
ContentsAcknowledgements........................................... 错误！未定义书签。
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Chinese Abstract .. (III)1 Introduction (5)2 Theoretical Foundations (6)2.1 Feminism theory (6)2.1.2 The Original of Feminism (8)2.1.3 The Development of Feminism (9)2.2 Major Feminism Characters in Gone with the Wind (12)3 The Feminism Characteristics of Scarlett O’Hara (12)3.1 The Growth background of Scarlett O’Hara (13)3.2 Different Scarlett with Feminism (13)3.2.1 Pursuit of love (13)3.2.2 Strong Will in War (16)3.2.3 Ardently Love for Land (16)3.2.4 Requirements for female Right (18)3.3 Relative People in the Foundation of Scarlett’s Feminism (18)3.3.1 Ellen O‟Hara (19)3.3.2 Melanie Hamilton (19)4 The incompleteness of Scarlett’s Feminism (21)4.1 The Lack of Discourse Right (22)4.2 The Lack of Rational Thinking (22)5 Conclusions (23)Notes (25)Bibliography (26)The Character of Scarlett O’Hara from the Perspective of Feminism1 IntroductionAs Gone with the Wind is the plotfoundation this thesis, so at the beginning, I would give an introduction to the writer of this novel.Margaret Mitchell is one of the most famous American women writers. She was born in a middle-class family in Atlanta, Georgia, in 1900. Her mother was a well educated suffragette supporting for women's vote right. Her father was a lawyer who was known for his intelligence and punctiliousness in Atlanta. When Margaret was just a young child, she enjoyed writing and listening the veteran's talking about stories of the War Between the States. In 1929, she accomplished her only novel Gone with the Wind,which took name from Ernst Dawson‟s poetry <sum qualíserambonae sub regnoCynarae> …I have forgot much, Cynara! gone with the wind‟.[2] In Gone with the Wind, Scarlett, the heroine of the novel, was a self-centered girl who possess the characteristic of feminism consciousness. Taking feminine as its theoretical framework, this thesis tries to find out its feminism connotations in the narration of Gone with the Wind.There are three main research methods of this thesis: literature research method, qualitative analysis method, and experiential summary method. Through analysis the charact er of Scarlett O‟Hara from the perspective of feminism, I have a full sight of female. In some way, understanding feminism can help female to recognize themselves, and enhance their confident and esteem.This thesis consists of five parts. First is introduction. It mainly introduces the writer of Gone with the Wind,Margaret Mitchell, the main research methods, and the significance of thesis. Second is the theoretical foundation. It talks about the definition, original and development of feminism. Third is talking the feminism characteristics of Scarlett O‟Hara from three aspects. Fourth is talking the incompleteness of Scarlett‟s Feminism from two aspects. In the end, it is conclusion.2 Theoretical Foundations2.1 Feminism theoryFeminism theory is the extension of feminism in theory and philosophy category. It seeks to understand the nature of gender inequality. It was observed among social role, experience, interests, and political participation of female in many academic fields, such as anthropology, sociology, communication studies, psychoanalysis, literature, economics, education and philosophy. Feminism theory emphasizes the analysis of gender inequality. Feminism exploration themes include discrimination, materialized, oppression, patriarchal, prejudice, art history, contemporary art and aesthetics.2.1.1 The Definition of Feminism and its CharactersDifferent people have different views on feminism. In terms of opponents, feminism was often regards as such concepts that held by those extreme, rigid, deviant woman. There are also many kinds of opinions in feminism. The representatives opinions are as follow: first of all, feminism is a theory which based on gender equality. It objected that any female suffer discrimination of any form from society, individual or economic, and requires equal rights for women. Secondly, feminism is political struggle which aim at improving the social, political and economic status of women. Thirdly, feminism is a kind of ideological, and its basic goal is to eliminate discrimination for female and overthrow the male domination of society. Fourthly, feminism refers to a social movement against oppression of women. Feminist are any people who devote themselves to those social movements.In some authoritative dictionaries of Western society, feminism mainly has the following several definitions. Firstly, feminism refers to the principle that women should have equal rights in the political, economic and social with men. This includes two meanings: on the one hand, feminists should recognize that women suffered the inequality and injustice treatment which made them feel helplessness and depress from society. The fundamental purpose of feminism is to eliminate thoseinequalitiesby taking political act. One the other hand, feminism should recognize the value and concepts of themselves and know their contribution to culture. Secondly, feminism is to explore the social life, philosophy and ethics, and devote themselves to correct the prejudice which causes oppression and contempt for women. Thirdly, Feminism advocates female should have all the citizens rights including the equality in society, politic, and economy the same as men. Fourthly, Women's liberation movement, also known as the feminist movement, is a social movement for pursuing women's equal rights, requiring the same social status as men and the right to freely choose their own career and lifestyle.[3]From the above analysis, it is obvious that the feminism definition actually consists of three aspects: politic, theory and practice. In the political aspect, the feminist thought the inequality between men and women is a question of political power, so feminism is a kind of political struggle which aimed at improving the status of women, with the ultimate goal of eliminating gender inequality and all inequalities, promote equality, cooperation and harmony between gender and interpersonal. In the theoretical aspect, feminism is a new viewing angle to understand the world, society and human, emphasizing gender equality, agreeing with women's sense of worth, doctrine or methodological principle. Its goal is not abstract knowledge, but a concrete knowledge that can be used to guide feminist political practice. In the practical aspect, feminism is a social movement for women's liberation.According to the definition of feminism, we can sum up some characteristics of feminism. Firstly, feminism is flowing and changing. Feminism is not an independent science in the traditional sense from the beginning; it is not only in existing sciences, but also beyond them. It was once known as non-academic politics with view but no theory and methods. Feminism research is always closely linked to the development of other disciplines. Secondly, feminism is historical. No matter it is ideological revolution or social movement, the goal of feminism is still to liberate women, it developed with the process of women's emancipation. Its historic reflects in different historical mission of different ages and societies. Thirdly, feminism is notonly a abstract ideology, but also a specific political platform and political strategy. All kinds of feminism have its own political. Feminism is a strategy and a life principle which decide our thinking and action. Fourth, feminism is diverse. Women in different societies and circumstances have different understanding of their needs, a single feminism can not explain such difference, and no one can have the authority to define feminism. The difference of feminism is also its rich, healthy and dynamic characterization. Fifth, feminism is worldwide. It aimed to liberate women out of all forms of oppression and promote the solidarity among women in all countries. Sixth feminism is a national, it aimed at combining the various of country-specific cultural and economic conditions to consider the strategies of women's liberate.2.1.2 The Original of FeminismThe riseof feminism movement in Western society has its specific context. Then the social status of women in Europe is very low. Before the seventeenth century, women who married in the United Kingdom can not to mention what the basic rights of, unless her husband give her rightvoluntarily; when her husband is still alive, she and her property is just the personal pleasure of her husbandentirely.In some countries, if the husband died without a testament, the property of the woman will be given to her husband's relatives, but not to her or her children. Such as the British Christian churches said: "A woman should obey the will of man, and man is her master.” That is, women can not live according to the will of her, leaving the man she can not do anything or everything can not be accomplished by her. She should do what men has done, and serve a man as a master.She should also be afraid of man,belong to man and obey the man.Previous history of feminism can be traced back to a long time ago. The earliest feminists committed to the so-called "woman problem", they criticized the role which limitedwomen, but they did not necessarily think that women are weak, or man should be condemned because of it. In the view of modern philosophy and social movement, feminism usually originatesfrom the Age of Enlightenment thinkers of the 18th century. Such as Mary Wollstonecraft's book "A Vindication of the Rights of Woman:with Strictures on Political and Moral Subjects" is one of the few works which can be called feminism in the 18th century. In this book,Wollstonecraft fights back against those politicaltheorists in 18th-century who attempt to deny female education.She believes that women‟s education levels should be commensurate withtheir social status. She advocatesa country must have women, because womeneducated their children andthey can become a "partner" of their husband rather than his wife. Wollstonecraft also advocates: women as human beings should enjoy the same fundamental rights as men, and should not be treated as an ornament or a property in marriage transactions.She believes men and women are responsible for this situation, and that women should have a lot of power more than men is a matter of course.This is not to say that there are not much earlier other writings on gender equality.For example, the mysterious philosopherHeinrich Cornelius Agrippa wrote a book The Declamation on the Nobility and Preeminence of the Female Sex in the 1529.Feminism gradually transformed into an organized social movementin the 19th century, because more and more people believe women in a male-centered society suffered unequal treatment. Feminism movement rooted in the Westernprogressivism, especially in the reform movement of the 19th century. Time of organized movements is from the first feminism conference which was held in Seneca Fallsin 1848.2.1.3 The Development of FeminismDepending on the different concerns of feminismtheory, the development of feminism can be divided into two waves: early feminism movement and the new feminism movement.Earlyfeminism movement emerged in the mid-19th century, which is deeply rooted insocial and political life of the country. Feminism movement of this period believe that the value of women can be fully demonstrated in the public domain, it encourageswomen to enter the public sphere, requires freedom and equality rights of womenwhich are mainly the three equalities: economic equality, political equality and professional equality, and fight for women's suffrage.The new feminism movement refers to the feminist movement emerged in 1960s, feminism of this generation affected byMarxism and the new leftist ideology, emphasizing thedifferences and uniqueness, no longer treat the relationship between men and women as a relationship between two individuals, and began to throw out a challenge for the social ideology which lead women to a disadvantage status and gender bias in language, law and philosophy. The new generation of feminists not only tries to recognize the situation of women from socialpolitics and economic reasons, but also search the oppression of women as oppressed groups. They stressed that the purpose of the emancipation of women is not like the struggle for social equality that prompt women to survive like a man, but to develop a new, female proprietary language, law, philosophy and mythology. The core ofnew feminism movement is complete difference feminism---women's liberation movement. Itis a radical, left-wing,socialism feminism, it rejected the idea of equality with men, and take a place of emphasizing the liberation of all oppressed people.Feminism can be roughly divided into several factionssince the 1960s.First is Liberal Feminism. Liberal feminism is influenced by liberal political theory.the theory thought rationality is the common nature of human.Individual has the value beyond all things because of natural endowments and individual potential and it is equal between people. Personal freedom was made possible because the individual recognize the freedom of others and restrict their right under the premise of equality,not to harm others.Feminist considered the reason why womensuffer oppression is that a series of social traditions and legalrepressed women's potential. This hindered social progress. Thus, Liberal Feminismfightfor the rights of women and eliminating discrimination against women in law and social habits, such as the right to vote, individual property rights, the right to education and the right to equal employment opportunities, etc.Second is Marxist feminism.Marxist feminism agrees with Engels's view of the origin of gender inequality,they thought women's oppression is accompanied by the appearance of private ownership.As privatization, wealth is concentrated in a small number of people, almost all men initially,it leads to the generation of class and women enslaved situation. Thisclass oppression and gender oppression are manifestedthe capitalism and imperialismin contemporary. Oppression of women is not only caused by patriarchy, whichis men prevail over women, but also the product of the capitalist system itself. Ifall women are liberated, capitalismmust be replaced with socialism, productions must be owned by the whole people, and productive forces must be liberated. So that women got economic independence in men, liberation.Third is radical feminism.Radical f eminism denied liberal feminism‟s view on the causes of women's oppression is the lack of political and civil rights, and opposed to the Marxist feminism‟s view on the causes of women's oppression is class oppression perspective. They tried to explain much social oppression with gender oppression,and thought the root cause of women's oppression is based on the existence of patriarchy which is characterized by power, domination, and hierarchy. Women want to be truly liberated, it is not enough to destroy the legal and political structure of this system, but also destroy its social and cultural structures, including the family, the community and schools.In addition to critiquing patriarchy, while Radical feminism were also trying to find the ideal gender roles. In the early 1970s, due to considering the gender system is a cause of oppression, many people advocate a neutral culture to replace the original distinction between the two poles of the sexes. In an ideal society, there should be no difference between men and women.Forth is postmodern feminism. Postmodern feminism regardsideological emancipation as the most fundamental women liberation, and opposes to turn the feminism theory into rigid dogma.They emphasize the difference in women's class, racial, cultural and ethnic and pay attention to the concept of difference and otherness.Postmodern feminism requireswomen in the Third World to care about the development of feminism,they advocatesestablishing a global network. However, the question of how to combine the differences and commonality is still the most important challenges for the postmodern feminism.Feminism, as an active forcein contemporary society, promotes the social progress and human development, especially has made an indelible contribution for the global women's liberation.Meanwhilethe feminism as a new spirit has integratedintothe society, culture, politics, economy, and history etc., and enriched the human spirit culture.2.2 Major Feminism Characters in Gone with the WindThe degree of female individuality and self-realization is a symbol of the rise of feminism. In the traditional concept of society, men are the center of social activity, while women just a foil, womenalways stand behind the men. However, with the changes in society and the development of the times, women‟s feminism consciousnesses are slowly awakening.In Gone with the Wind,though the Southern women suffered repression, they were not ignorantvulnerable groups. They propped up the South civilization and Southern plantation economy with their love, wisdom and tenacity and proved that they were fully capable of going out of home and getting rid of the male accessory social status.Their feminism consciousnessreflected in the pursuit of love and the revolt of arranged marriages, in addition the rise of strong female in the war representwomen's pursuit of autonomy.The intense and complex feminism consciousnessin this novel focused on Scarlett‟s pursuit for love, money and career.Feminism consciousness of Scarlett experiencesatransformation process from immaturity to maturity. Scarlett did not succumb to the shackles of propriety, boldly pursuingher happiness, gender equality, personal and economic independence. Such a process is also the process of feminism‟s growing up.3 The Feminism Characteristics of Scarlett O’HaraUndoubtedly，Scarlett is the special one in Gone With the Wind. In this chapter, I will tell the characters of Scarlett O‟Hara detailed from the Perspective of Feminism.3.1 The Growth background of Scarlett O’HaraScarlett was born in the Southern plantation before the Civil War. Georgia is a newly reclaimed land of red, industrial civilization hasn‟t deep into this land, planting and picking cotton are the whole life of local residents. Here it is elegant and gorgeous in the surface, with the remnant shadow of the age of chivalry, however women lived in thered land, as delicate flowers, closely depend on men, and become male world's decorations. They suffer double oppression from their own and men, and because of the subordinate social status, they can not dominate their lives.Scarlett's father Ger ald O‟Hara is an immigrant of Irish, who became a lucrativeplantation ownerfrom scratch byStarting a Business. Her mother Ellen O‟Hara was born in anotable and gentility family in the coastal city of Savannah. Scarlett not only inherited her fathercharacters of forthright, rough, sloppy, and bad-temper, but also influenced by her mother who paid attention to family education and moral values. Growingup with good education, charming appearance and intelligent mind, she was envied by the other girl in this town.Inthe troubled times of Southern plantation, she turned a little spoiledprincess from a noble family into a mature strong women day by day.3.2 Different Scarlett with FeminismThe heroine Scarlett is the representationof rising female, the author placed the expectation and confidence for women on her. ObviouslyScarlett is a brave fighterin the mid-19th century Southern society. Shebroke through the heavy yoke of the female and showedout women‟s dazzling style. Scarlett is no longer the traditional women who just choose to swallow when suffered oppression, taking the place of showingwomen‟s courage and determination through seeking her own values and fighting for the right herself.3.2.1 Pursuit of loveLove is an essential part of the world of human emotions. In the process of aperson's mental and physical maturity, production of love has more natural property, but how to deal with such emotion subjected to the complex and rich factors between individual and society.One of the great thinkers once said that: “the same word of love, for man and woman, it has two different meanings. For a man, it may be the control of woman, or the way to enhancehim. However for a woman, love is giving up herself, love is the ultimate unconditional goal, and loveis all the devotionof body and soul.”I n love, Scarlett is always the queen. She stands high above a crowed of suitors who willing to subservience, except for Ashley Wilkes. As a simple girl, Scarlett has her own pursuit of ideal love. Loveand marriage plays a very important rolein the emotional world of Scarlett.Scarlett's love is very bumpy. Animportant reason is she fell in love with Ashley Wilkes,a man she should not love. Ashley Wilkesis not only a typical gentleman, but also a tradition aristocracy in the Southern society. Scarlett's love for AshleyWilkes, although with girl‟s innocent, it also largely contained the side of greed, vanity, and aggressive.At the picnic of Twelve Oaks, when Scarlettknewthe true news which Ashley Wilkes would marry with Melanie sooner or later,for the love of Ashley Wilkes, she broke up ethics and modesty and showed her love for AshleyWilkeson her own initiative. But beyond expectation, she was rejected by Ashley Wilkes. She was shocked and puzzled. In Scarlett views, Melanie just an unattractive girl with a small body, how can Melanie compete with her? Obviously, Scarlett just regarded the love of man and women as a simple contest of appearance. At the same time, she was convinced that Ashley loves her, which shows the great blindness of her love.It should be said that Scarlett's love for Ashley is quite complex, warm but vanity, obsession but selfish. The more she could not with Ashley, the more she wanted to get him. It shows Scarlett‟s extremely possessive. When she fel t thoroughly disappointed, she turned the love to hate.In order to take revenge on Ashley, the man who gave up her love, and make him sad, Scarlett decided to marry with Ashley Wilkes‟ wife Melanie Hamilton Wilkes‟ brother Charles Hamilton, though she didn‟t love him at all. After Ashley married with Melanie, Scarlett was still trying to get Ashley‟s love. Charles became a very sad substitute and victim. When Charles died in the war, Scarlett did not show any sadness and nostalgia, even did not care about it. On the contrary, she had an urge to know Ashley‟s news.She also went to the dancing party, to chat with the other men.In addition, about love Scarlett still has a very persistent side. In orderto faithfully fulfill her promise to Ashley, taking care of Melanie, Scarlett paid a great price.Scarlett's first marriage ended in this way.Scarlett's second marriage was she married with her sister's boyfriend Frank Kennedy. This marriage can be considered to be a non-moral choice as being forced by life. The family trauma and poverty caused by the war hit Scarlett severely. Scarlett felt that she had to face life, to meet the challenge. So she put an unscrupulous target in her sister's boyfriend, a relatively wealthy man, and stole him. In Scarlett‟s opinion, m arriage can be used, can be regarded as the material basis for the protection of life. So she didn‟t put any emotions in this marriage, money is the sole purpose. It vividly demonstrated Scarlett‟s greed, ruthless and selfish.The third marriage was the most memorable one, and it can reflect the feeling world of Scarlett. This time, Scarlett married with Rhett Butler, a visitor from Charleston. He was described as a black sheep, who was expelled from West Point and was not received by any family with reputation in the whole of Charleston, and perhaps all of South Carolina. The first time Rhett met Scarlett at the Twelve Oaks Plantation barbecue, he couldn‟t help to falling in love with Scarlett. Rhett was indulgent, cynical, both speculative and gentleman. He and Scarlett are surprisingly similar at confident, cruel, and greedy. Perhaps as they were the same kind of people, Rhett paid true love for Scarlett. Rhett secretly hopes that Scarlett will eventually return the love he's had since the day he saw her at Twelve Oaks. Sadly, Scarlett turned a blind eye to Rhett's love for her. For Scarlett, this combination of them was also completely for the money. Her continuing affection for Ashley Wilkes becomes a problem for the couple. When Rhett knew that Scarlett could never be happy without Ashley, he chose to leave. He does not want to be around when she throws her obsession onto him. But then, by Melanie‟s death, Scarlett had a rude awakening: Ashley never really loved her, but Rhett was the man who really loved her. However it was too late to find that, Rhett had gone. Scarlett told herself: Home. I‟ll go home. And I‟ll think of some way to get him back. After all, tomorrow is another day. It is the spirit of never giving up.The third marriage of Scarlett was also failed. Compared with the previous two marriages, this marriage has some factors of love apart from the utilitarian purpose in the surface. The essence is the attraction of soul between each other, that is to say, she finally found true love. She finally realized that the thing most worth for pursuing inlife is not money, not a success but love. It was completely different from the spirit love of Ashley, because it achieved a combination of body and soul.3.2.2 Strong Will in WarWar led to Scarlett‟s female consciousness. Because of the war, economic collapsed in South, its civilization and moral customs also fell apart, losing the original restraints. After the Civil War, Scarlett‟s mother died, her father lost himself, without food and source of income, faced all of those Scarlett quickly abandoned the noble lady's effeminacy. She grew up in the grim life. She no longer maintained the noble lady‟s demeanor. She told herself: “As God as my witness...as god as my witness they‟re not going to lick me. I‟m going to live through this and when it‟s all over, I‟ll never be hungry again. No, nor any of my folk. If I have to lie, steal, cheat, or kill, as God as my witness, I‟ll never be hungry again.” [4]In order to survive, she had to do the milking and cook in person, and walked the fields picking cotton. For the sake of finding a way to protect her home - Tara, she went into Atlanta bravely. With the purpose of her family, Scarlett broke through social barriers which set for women, and struggled for her career like men. When Scarlett was still young, she got the traditional concept of education, that man could do everything, but a woman could not have any talent. But she had full confidence in her ability after she overcame the trouble in the war. She started to have doubt about the social customs which made women depress. Especially when she found that, as a businessman, Frank was lack of businessman mind, which led to the store a complete mess. She was suspicious of man‟s power and had a confidence of her ow n ability. Then Scarlett thought that: “Why, I could run this store better than he does! And I could run a mill better than he could, even if I don‟t know anything about the lumber business.”S he took actions to achieve her idea. It shows her intelligent and brave.3.2.3 Ardently Love for LandIn the emotional world of Scarlett, Tara is in a very important status. In fact, Scarlett's "Tara Complex" is throughout the whole story. After Scarlett heard Ashley would marry with Melanie, she was very angry and painful. It was Tara that brought a。
