内蒙古鄂尔多斯市第一中学2018_2019学年高二语文12月月考试题

内蒙古2017-2018学年高二语文12月月考试题本试卷满分150分,考试时间150分钟第Ⅰ卷阅读题(70分)一、现代文阅读（36分）（一）论述类文本阅读（本题共3小题，9分）阅读下面的文字，完成1-3题。

老子其人其书的时代，自司马迁《史记》以来即有异说，清代学者崇尚考据，对此议论纷纷，如汪中作《老子考异》，力主老子为战国时人，益启争端。

钱穆先生说：“老子伪迹不彰，真相不白，则先秦诸子学术思想之系统条贯始终不明，其源流派别终无可言。

”大家都期待这个问题有新的解决线索。

过去对于古书真伪及年代的讨论，只能以材料证明纸上材料，没有其他的衡量标准，因而难有定论。

用来印证《老子》的古书，大多受到辨伪家的怀疑，年代确不可移的，恐怕要数到《韩非子》《吕氏春秋》和《淮南子》，但这几本书成书太晚，没有多少作用。

近年战国秦汉简帛书籍大量出土，为学术界提供了许多前所未见的地下材料，这使我们有可能重新考虑《老子》的时代问题。

1973牛长沙马王堆三号汉墓出土的帛书，内有《老子》两种版本，甲本字体比较早，不避汉高祖讳，应抄写于高祖即帝位前，乙本避高祖讳，可能抄写于文帝初。

这两本《老子》抄写年代都晚，无益于《老子》著作年代的推定，但乙本前面有《黄帝书》四篇，系“黄”、“老”合抄之本，则从根本上改变了学术界对早期道家的认识。

郭沫若先生曾指出，道家都是以“发明黄老道德意”为其指归，故也可称之为黄老学派。

《老子》和《黄帝书》是道家的经典，在汉初被抄写在《老子》前面的《黄帝书》显然在当时公众心目中已据有崇高位置，不会是刚刚撰就的作品。

同时，《黄帝书》与《申子》、《慎子》、《韩非子》等有许多共通文句，而申不害、慎到、韩非三人均曾学黄老之术，这些共通之处可认作对《黄帝书》的引用阐发。

申不害和慎到的年代，前人推为战国中期，《黄帝书》不应更晚。

至于《皇帝书》与《老子》的共通之处也甚多，如《黄帝书·经法》篇云“王天下者有玄德”，什么是“玄德”，文中未见解释，查《老子》五十一章：“生而不有，为而不持，长而不宰，之谓玄德。

2018年高二年级上学期第二次月考英语试题英语本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。

考生作答时，将答案答在答题卡上，在本试卷上答题无效。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第Ⅰ卷 (选择题）第一部分：听力理解(共两节。

满分30分)（略）第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项。

ABreaking News : Sales Representative-Immediate Hire-Will Train Do you like communicating with new people? Do yon enjoy closing deals every day? Are you looking for a dynamic and high energy industry? THIS COULD BE THE CAREER FOR YOU!Fast Growing and Very Successful Credit Card Processor is looking for a dynamic outside sales person to sell credit products and check processing services in the local area.What we need you to do:• Attend 3---5 appointments daily• Sell into small to middle sized businesses• Work closely with sal es manager in Dallas TX (by phone)• Have ability to manage paperworkWe offer:• Medical benefits eligibility (资格) after 90 days• One of the strongest compensation(补偿) programs in the industry• Monthly bonuses• A jump start bonus of up to $ 750Successful applicants often have experience in customer service, inside sales, outside sales, sales support, management roles, or other customer facing positions.We are an equal opportunity employer. We do not discriminate on the basis of race, religion, color, sex, age, national origin or disability.Please reply with a resume today!There is a difference. Experience Great Work! We have been servicing North East Ohio for more than 20 years with offices located in Akron, Canton, Lakewood, Streetsboro and Wadsworth. Apply online@ and reach out to our Lakewood location to discuss our great career opportunities at 440—663—0050.21.According to the text, the sales representative the company is looking for should______.A.sell into big businessesB.be able to manage paperworkC.meet over 5 customers each dayD.see the sales manager in Dallas TX frequently22.If hired, you can______.A.receive a monthly salary of $ 750B.get a special customer facing positionC.enjoy a strong compensation programD.gain medical benefits eligibility within 90 days23.Which of the following can help you apply successfully?A.Experience in shopping.B.Experience in managementC.The experience of using a credit cardD.The experience of talking with a sales manager.BThe third week of SEAL training means Hell Week. It is on Wednesday of Hell Week that you paddle down to the mud flats（泥滩） and spend the next 15 hours trying to survive the freezing-cold mud, the howling wind and the increasing pressure from the instructors to quit. As the sun began to set that Wednesday evening, my training class, having broken the rules, was ordered into the mud. The mud consumed each man till there was nothing visible but our heads. The instructors told us we could leave the mud if only five men would quit—just five men and we could get out of the extreme cold.Looking around the mud flat, it was apparent that some students were about to give up. It was still over eight hours till the sun came up--eight more hours of freezing cold. The chattering teeth and shivering moans (呻吟）of the trainees were so loud that it was hard to hear anything. And then, one voice began to echo (回荡）through the night--one voice raised in song. The song was terribly out of tune, but sung with great enthusiasm. One voice became two, and two became three, and before long everyone in the class was singing. We knew that if one man could rise above the great suffering then others could as well. The instructors threatened us with more time in the mud if we kept up the singing—but the singing went on. And somehow, the mud seemed a little warmer, the wind a little less bitter and the dawn not so far away.If I have learned anything in my time traveling the world it is the power of hope. The power of one person, Washington, Lincoln, King, Mandela and even a young girl from Pakistan, Malala,can change the world by giving people hope.So, if you want to change the world, start singing when you're up to your neck in mud.24.From the passage, we can see that being ordered into the mud was _____.A. the last part of the trainingB. the most useful part of the trainingC. the real test of the trainees' intelligenceD. the punishment for the training class25. The training class singing together ______.A. inspired the instructorsB. helped them to kill the timeC. kept them from falling into the mudD. encouraged them to fight their difficulty26. The writer described his SEAL training experience mainly to tell the readers _____.A. the power of a large crowd of peopleB. the advantage of the trainingC. the way to bring about changesD. the reason to promote singing27. In the last paragraph, the phrase "up to your neck in mud" most probably means _____ .A. in an extremely difficult situationB. in a hard training classC. in terribly cold weatherD. in a lower social positionCA latest research led by researchers from the National University of Singapore (NUS) has found a clear link between the color of a taxi and its accident rate. An analysis of 36 months of detailed taxi, driver and accident data from two fleets of yellow and blue taxis in Singapore suggested that yellow taxis have fewer accidents than blue taxis. The higher visibility of yellow makes it less difficult for drivers to avoid getting into accidents with yellow taxis, leading to a lower accident rate.The study was led by Prof Hou. To test whether there was a relationship between the colorof a taxi and the number of accidents the taxi had, the research team analyzed data collected by the largest taxi company in Singapore. The researchers found that yellow taxis have about 6.1 fewer accidents per 1,000 taxis per month.They also studied the economic effect of changing the color of the entire fleet of taxis to yellow. The Singapore taxi company involved in the study owns about 16,700 taxis in a ratio (比例) of one yellow to three blue taxis. If a commercial decision is made to switch from blue to yellow taxis, 76.6 fewer accidents will occur per month or 917 fewer accidents per year.Assuming an average repair cost of $1,000 per car and a downtime of six days, the color of all taxis to yellow could produce an annual saving of $2 million.“We are eager to continue to validate(证实) the findings of our study by looking at the use of yellow in other types of public transport, such as school buses. For example, we hope to compare the accident rates of yellow school buses against those of other colors to find out if yellow is indeed a safer color for school buses. Besides, we’re also interested to look at private-hire vehicles and do a comparison of the accident rates of vehicles that are of different colors, ”explained Prof Ho u.28.Why do yellow taxis result in fewer accidents?A.Because yellow can be seen more easily.B.B. Because yellow signals a warning of danger.C. Because drivers tend to be more careful in yellow taxis.D. Because people act more quickly in yellow surroundings.29.What’s Prof Ho u’s study based on?A. Physical risks of taxi passengers’ experience.B. The economic effect of changing taxi color.C. Personal reports from taxi drivers worldwide.D. Data from Singapore's largest taxi company.30. What do Prof Hou’s words in the last paragraph suggest?A. School buses should be painted yellow.B. Their findings are worth popularizing.C. Their study will be furthered.D. Yellow should be widely used in public transport.31. What can be the best title for the text?A. Safer to ride in yellow taxisB. Caution: yellow taxis aheadC. Why are yellow Taxis preferred?D. How can colors help prevent accidents?DWe talk a lot in the U.S. about success. Success is the dream and the end point. And not by coincidence the idea that hard work leads to personal success is as American as apple pie.But the reality is that sometimes we fail. And sometimes things, through no fault of our own, don’t go our way. We’re faced with a life-changing diagnosis(诊断), the passing of a loved one or job loss. We don’t, as a society, have as much to say here.I think uncertainty does us all harm. We’d feel better equipped to deal with uncertainty if we talked about it more. I had so fully bought into the belief that with enough effort, I could control what happened in my life. I actually caught myself thinking I could “work my way out” of my cancer. As it turns out, cancer doesn’t really care about one’s work.We might also make wiser decisions--this isn’t just a feel-good exercise. For example, technology and medicine have progressed to the point that many patients are living longer than they would have even a decade ago. These are achievements worth celebrating. And yet I wonder if the focus on success is sometimes misguided here as well. If it is one reason why we tend to pursue expensive end-of-life treatments, they often accomplish little other than to make a patient’s final days painful and frightening. The fact is that, when asked, many patients would rather focus on living meaningfully in their final days.My hope here is to make a case for thinking about meaning, in the same way we think about pursuing success. In that spirit, I’ve asked several people, each of whom has met misfortune, how they find meaning in their lives. The diversity in their responses reflects the fact that there are no right or wrong answers here. We each can find meaning in different things.32.What is the typical American idea?A.Success is the dream.B. Success lies in hard work.C.Apple pie is the best food.D.Failure is always avoidable.33.What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 probably refer to?A.Equipment.B. Culture.C. Uncertainty.D. Belief.34.In their final days many patients actually want to______.A.live as long as possible.B. live a more meaningful life.B.make great progress in medicine. D. get expensive end-of-life treatments.35.What can we learn from the last paragraph?A.The author thinks pursuing success is wrong.B.We can benefit from some unlucky things.C.We can find the same meaning in our life.D.Personally there are different meanings in life第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

内蒙古鄂尔多斯市第一中学2018-2019学年高二地理12月月考试题文说明：1．本套试题分第Ⅰ、Ⅱ两卷，共9页，时长90分钟，满分100分2．将答案写在答题纸上，考试结束只交答题纸。

第Ⅰ卷一、单项选择题（每题1.5分，40小题，共60分）1.2018 年 7 月 27 日夜晚至 28 日凌晨天空上演两大天象：某行星冲日和月全食。

冲日现象，是指太阳、地球和行星连成一线，而地球位于太阳和行星中间。

据此回答下题。

该时段发生的两大天象涉及A. 一级天体系统B. 两级天体系统C. 三级天体系统D. 四级天体系统下图为晴天我国某绿洲与周围沙漠气温日变化示意图。

读图，完成2-4题。

2. 该图所示的月份可能是A. 1月B. 3月C. 7月D. 11月3. 该绿洲可能位于A. 吐鲁番盆地B. 腾格里沙漠C. 呼伦贝尔草原D. 鄂尔多斯高原4. 关于图中情况捕述正确的是A. 第一天9：00-15：00之间地面风从沙漠吹向绿洲B. 第一天0：00-6：00之间地面风从绿洲吹向沙漠C. 第二天0：00-6：00之间地面风从沙漠吹向绿洲D. 第二天9：00-15：00之间地面风从沙漠吹向绿洲读我国大兴安岭东西坡积温和降水量图，回答5-7题。

5. 图中积温最小处的海拔高度大约是A. 1000 米左右B. 800 米左右C. 300 米左右D. 200 米左右6. 造成东西坡积温差异的主要原因有①地势高低②受冬季风影响的强弱③纬度高低④太阳辐射⑤植被类型的不同A. ①②B. ②③C. ③④D.④⑤7. 该地区年降水量A. 东坡各地年降水量相同B. 西多东少C. 东坡 1000 米左右年降水量最大D. 北多南少张掖丹霞地貌位于甘肃省河西走廊中段，主要由红色砾石、砂岩和泥岩组成，以交错层理、四壁陡峭、垂直节理、色彩斑斓而示奇。

下图为张掖某处丹霞地貌。

据此回答8-9题。

8. 组成该丹霞地貌的主要岩石类型为A. 变质岩B. 沉积岩C. 玄武岩D. 花岗岩9. 形成张掖丹霞地貌四壁陡峭的主要外力作用是A. 流水侵蚀B. 冰川侵蚀C. 风力侵蚀D. 海浪侵蚀某服装加工厂于20世纪80年代末在广州某镇建厂．产品主要销往东南亚。

语文试题一、现代文阅读（36分）(一)论述类文本阅读（本题共3小题，9分）阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。

构建人类命运共同体，是有效解决当今世界和平与发展问题的中国方案。

面对世界前所未有之大变局，人类命运共同体理念引起了世界各国日益广泛的关注和日趋深入的讨论。

杜维明从儒家道德与“文明对话”的角度讨论了建立共同体的可能性。

在他看来，共同体”这个词的理想含义在于，“人们在一起共同生活、分享一种共同价值和实实在在的公民道德，并通过致力于实现公善而联合为一体。

然而，这样一种统一体允许生活方式的多样性和信仰差异，只要这种多样性和差异不致侵害他者的基本自由和权利”。

对于儒家而言，道徳是形成一个良好社会的必要前提。

因此，在儒家“修齐治平”的语境下，“人类命运共同体”的概念首先展现为一个道德共同体，杜维明称其为“信赖社群”。

对于一个“信赖社群”而言，人与人的交往不仅基于秩序的建构，更在于内心的彼此信赖与道德的影响。

对于儒家生态哲学而言，讨论的范围仅限于人与人的关系显然是不够的，必须将人与自然的关系纳入道德共同体中。

儒家生态哲学视域下的“人类命运共同体”表现为一种扩大化的“信赖社群”，在此关系内人与其他生物都是平等、自由的。

早期人类文明普遍有着对人的道德关怀大于动植物的特征。

例如，亚里士多德就认为，自然界中的动植物皆是人用以维持生计的生产材料。

在中国，商周时期的宫廷亦曾以大量牺牲献祭。

《论语》也记载，孔子退朝后听说马厩着火，问人的伤亡情况而不问马。

但是，儒家文化与传统西方文化的差异在于，它不是将动物作为没有自我意识、服务于人类的纯粹工具，而是承认自然界的内在价值。

儒家虽然承认人在思想与行动上的优先性，但同时能够以更加包容的心态去对待生活在同一场域中的存在物，将自身的权力欲望转化为一种平等和友爱的精神。

在儒家看来，人类与自然的命运是息息相关的:一方面，人能够通过道德实践参与到天地的运作之中，影响自然万物的生长;另一方面，自然也影响、转化着人的生活，人类的可持续发展离不开对“天道”的尊重和遵循。

【题文】阅读以下材料，根据要求写一篇不少于800字的文章。

下面这幅漫画曾获得某报社举办的优秀漫画作品评比一等奖，在获奖作品介绍中主办方写道：“该作品画面内容虽通俗易懂，但构思却以小见大，寓意深刻，凡天下事似乎皆可从中汲取智慧。

”要求：仔细观察漫画内容结合文字材料，选好角度，确定立意，明确文体，自拟标题；不要套作，不得抄袭。

【答案】示例：弘扬优秀传统文化，当从涵养家风做起一个词，一句话，一个家里的故事，一段家庭的记忆，都是家风的魂脉。

漫画中的夫妇俩，一个蹲着给老母亲洗脚，一个站着给老母亲梳头。

他们的孩子，也就是老人的孙子，站在凳子上给自己的妈妈梳头，这一幕温馨感人的画面，反映了其乐融融的一家人的日常。

一家三代的开心笑容是对幸福的最好注解，父母的身教影响了孩子，“孝顺”的思想得以传承。

画面中的事虽小，但小中见大，它启示我们，良好家风是中华优秀传统文化的重要组成部分，弘扬优秀传统文化，当从涵养家风做起。

家庭是社会的基本细胞，是人生的第一所学校。

家是人立命之本，也是国家安定之重器。

家风是一个家庭的精神内核，是一种润物细无声的品德力量。

习总书记在讲话中指出“要注重家庭、注重家教、注重家风”。

只有小家和谐幸福，才会有国家之富强繁荣。

“家风连国风，国风兴家风，仁义礼智信，千年传美德。

”诵读《诫子书》、《朱子家训》中的家教名联，我们可以在诵读中接受道德洗礼，品悟家风真谛。

看《周恩来的家风家规》专题教育片，通过周总理身边人饱含深情的诉说、珍贵的回忆，我们感受到了他那一脉相传的清正家风。

家是最小国，国是千万家。

家风，往往充满温情和智慧的力量。

在河南省舞阳县吴城镇黄庄村的“全国文明家庭”赵伏妮一家， 85岁的赵伏妮作为儿媳时曾精心照顾失明40多年的婆婆直至为老人送终，在附近村民中传为佳话。

耳濡目染，赵伏妮的5个儿媳儿子和媳妇，用淳朴的家风，演绎着最美好的佳话。

良好的家风会潜移默化地影响着家里一代又一代人。

弘扬优秀传统文化，需要从涵养家风做起。

内蒙古鄂尔多斯市第一中学2018-2019学年高二英语12月月考试题本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。

考生作答时，将答案答在答题卡上，在本试卷上答题无效。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第Ⅰ卷 (选择题）第一部分：听力理解(共两节。

满分30分)（略）第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项。

ABreaking News : Sales Representative-Immediate Hire-Will Train Do you like communicating with new people? Do yon enjoy closing deals every day? Are you looking for a dynamic and high energy industry? THIS COULD BE THE CAREER FOR YOU!Fast Growing and Very Successful Credit Card Processor is looking for a dynamic outside sales person to sell credit products and check processing services in the local area.What we need you to do:• Attend 3---5 appointments daily• Sell into small to middle sized businesses• Work closely wit h sales manager in Dallas TX (by phone)• Have ability to manage paperworkWe offer:• Medical benefits eligibility (资格) after 90 days• One of the strongest compensation(补偿) programs in the industry• Monthly bonuses• A jump start bonus of up to $ 750Successful applicants often have experience in customer service, inside sales, outside sales, sales support, management roles, or other customer facing positions.We are an equal opportunity employer. We do not discriminate on the basis of race, religion, color, sex, age, national origin or disability.Please reply with a resume today!There is a difference. Experience Great Work! We have been servicing North East Ohio for more than 20 years with offices located in Akron, Canton, Lakewood,Streetsboro and Wadsworth. Apply online@ and reach out to our Lakewood location to discuss our great career opportunities at 440—663—0050.21.According to the text, the sales representative the company is looking for should______.A.sell into big businessesB.be able to manage paperworkC.meet over 5 customers each dayD.see the sales manager in Dallas TX frequently22.If hired, you can______.A.receive a monthly salary of $ 750B.get a special customer facing positionC.enjoy a strong compensation programD.gain medical benefits eligibility within 90 days23.Which of the following can help you apply successfully?A.Experience in shopping.B.Experience in managementC.The experience of using a credit cardD.The experience of talking with a sales manager.BThe third week of SEAL training means Hell Week. It is on Wednesday of Hell Week that you paddle down to the mud flats（泥滩） and spend the next 15 hours trying to survive the freezing-cold mud, the howling wind and the increasing pressure from the instructors to quit. As the sun began to set that Wednesday evening, my training class, having broken the rules, was ordered into the mud. The mud consumed each man till there was nothing visible but our heads. The instructors told us we could leave the mud if only five men would quit—just five men and we could get out of the extreme cold.Looking around the mud flat, it was apparent that some students were about to give up. It was still over eight hours till the sun came up--eight more hours of freezing cold. The chattering teeth and shivering moans (呻吟）of the trainees were so loud that it was hard to hear anything. And then, one voice began to echo (回荡）through the night--one voice raised in song. The song was terribly out of tune, but sung with great enthusiasm. One voice became two, and two became three, and beforelong everyone in the class was singing. We knew that if one man could rise above the great suffering then others could as well. The instructors threatened us with more time in the mud if we kept up the singing—but the singing went on. And somehow, the mud seemed a little warmer, the wind a little less bitter and the dawn not so far away.If I have learned anything in my time traveling the world it is the power of hope. The power of one person, Washington, Lincoln, King, Mandela and even a young girl from Pakistan, Malala, can change the world by giving people hope.So, if you want to change the world, start singing when you're up to your neck in mud.24.From the passage, we can see that being ordered into the mud was _____.A. the last part of the trainingB. the most useful part of the trainingC. the real test of the trainees' intelligenceD. the punishment for the training class25. The training class singing together ______.A. inspired the instructorsB. helped them to kill the timeC. kept them from falling into the mudD. encouraged them to fight their difficulty26. The writer described his SEAL training experience mainly to tell the readers _____.A. the power of a large crowd of peopleB. the advantage of the trainingC. the way to bring about changesD. the reason to promote singing27. In the last paragraph, the phrase "up to your neck in mud" most probably means _____ .A. in an extremely difficult situationB. in a hard training classC. in terribly cold weatherD. in a lower social positionCA latest research led by researchers from the National University of Singapore(NUS) has found a clear link between the color of a taxi and its accident rate. An analysis of 36 months of detailed taxi, driver and accident data from two fleets of yellow and blue taxis in Singapore suggested that yellow taxis have fewer accidents than blue taxis. The higher visibility of yellow makes it less difficult for drivers to avoid getting into accidents with yellow taxis, leading to a lower accident rate.The study was led by Prof Hou. To test whether there was a relationship between the color of a taxi and the number of accidents the taxi had, the research team analyzed data collected by the largest taxi company in Singapore. The researchers found that yellow taxis have about 6.1 fewer accidents per 1,000 taxis per month.They also studied the economic effect of changing the color of the entire fleet of taxis to yellow. The Singapore taxi company involved in the study owns about 16,700 taxis in a ratio (比例) of one yellow to three blue taxis. If a commercial decision is made to switch from blue to yellow taxis, 76.6 fewer accidents will occur per month or 917 fewer accidents per year.Assuming an average repair cost of $1,000 per car and a downtime of six days, the color of all taxis to yellow could produce an annual saving of $2 million.“We are eager to continue to validate(证实) the findings of our study by looking at the use of yellow in other types of public transport, such as school buses. For example, we hope to compare the accident rates of yellow school buses against those of other colors to find out if yellow is indeed a safer color for school buses. Besides, we’re also interested to look at private-hire vehicles and do a comparison of the accident rates of vehicles that are of different colors, ”explained Prof Ho u.28.Why do yellow taxis result in fewer accidents?A.Because yellow can be seen more easily.B.B. Because yellow signals a warning of danger.C. Because drivers tend to be more careful in yellow taxis.D. Because people act more quickly in yellow surroundings.29.What’s Prof Ho u’s study based on?A. Physical risks of taxi passengers’ experience.B. The economic effect of changing taxi color.C. Personal reports from taxi drivers worldwide.D. Data from Singapore's largest taxi company.30. What do Prof Hou’s words in the last paragraph suggest?A. School buses should be painted yellow.B. Their findings are worth popularizing.C. Their study will be furthered.D. Yellow should be widely used in public transport.31. What can be the best title for the text?A. Safer to ride in yellow taxisB. Caution: yellow taxis aheadC. Why are yellow Taxis preferred?D. How can colors help prevent accidents?DWe talk a lot in the U.S. about success. Success is the dream and the end point. And not by coincidence the idea that hard work leads to personal success is as American as apple pie.But the reality is that sometimes we fail. And sometimes things, through no fault of our own, don’t go our way. We’re faced with a life-changing diagnosis(诊断), the passing of a loved one or job loss. We don’t, as a society, have as much to say here.I think uncertainty does us all harm. We’d feel better equipped to deal with uncertainty if we talked about it more. I had so fully bought into the belief that with enough effort, I could control what happened in my life. I actually caught myself thinking I could “work my way out” of my cancer. As it turns out, cancer doesn’t really care about one’s work.We might also make wiser decisions--this isn’t just a feel-good exercise. For example, technology and medicine have progressed to the point that many patients are living longer than they would have even a decade ago. These are achievements worth celebrating. And yet I wonder if the focus on success is sometimes misguided here as well. If it is one reason why we tend to pursue expensive end-of-life treatments, they often accomplish little other than to make a patient’s final days painful and frightening. The fact is that, when asked, many patients would rather focus on living meaningfully in their final days.My hope here is to make a case for thinking about meaning, in the same way we think about pursuing success. In that spirit, I’ve asked several people, each of whom has met misfortune, how they find meaning in their lives. The diversity in their responses reflects the fact that there are no right or wrong answers here. We each can find meaning in different things.32.What is the typical American idea?A.Success is the dream.B. Success lies in hard work.C.Apple pie is the best food.D.Failure is always avoidable.33.What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 probably refer to?A.Equipment.B. Culture.C. Uncertainty.D. Belief.34.In their final days many patients actually want to______.A.live as long as possible.B. live a more meaningful life.B.make great progress in medicine. D. get expensive end-of-life treatments.35.What can we learn from the last paragraph?A.The author thinks pursuing success is wrong.B.We can benefit from some unlucky things.C.We can find the same meaning in our life.D.Personally there are different meanings in life第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

内蒙古鄂尔多斯市第一中学2018—2019学年度下学期第一次月考高二英语试题一、阅读理解（共两节, 满分40分）第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

AIt is well accepted by people that eating healthy food is important. But sometimes making good food choices can be tough. Now, there are apps that can help people learn about the food they eat to improve their diets and their dining-out experience.Open TableOpen Table helps people choose restaurants when they want to eat out. Open Table is a free service that shows users restaurant availability(可用性) based on where and when they want to dine. Open Table gives users points when they make reservations. The points can add up to discounts on restaurant visits.Max McCalman’s Cheese & Wine Pairing AppWine and cheese can be a great combination. But which wines go best with which cheeses? Max McCalman’s Cheese & Wine Pairing App can help. It provides information about hundreds of different cheeses and suggests wines to pair with each. Max McCalman’s Cheese & Wine Pairing App is free.Epicurious AppEpicurious is a free app and website to help users find recipes and become better cooks. The app has more than 30,000 recipes and can create a shopping list based on the ingredients(原料) in a recipe. The app rates recipes for popularity and other qualities and also informs users about vegetables in season in different areas.Local EatsRestaurant chains, like McDonalds can be found almost anywhere a person might travel. But sometimes tourists want to eat like locals. The websites and app Local Eats is designed for that, which can help you find local restaurants in major cities in the USA and in other countries. It lists locally owned restaurants so users can try foods from that area.21. What can Open Table be used to do?A. To book a hotel in advance.B. To book meals ahead of time.C. To get news about shopping discounts.D. To get information about flight timetable.22. Which app will you choose if you are interested in cooking?A. Open Table.B. Local Eats.C. Epicurious App.D. Max McCalman’s Cheese & Wine Pairing App.23. Where is the text probably from?A. A story book.B. A sports magazine.C. A travel brochure.D. An introduction to apps.BCastle del Monte is a unique castle built in the 13th century by Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II, in the Apulia region.It was in 1240 that Emperor Frederick II ordered the governor of Capitanata to build a castle. The construction of Castle del Monte lasted for a decade. It is believed that the castle was designed as a hunting cottage at the beginning. However, several sources suggest that in 1249 the castle was used as a theatre when the wedding of Violante, Frederick’s daughter, took place. In 1256, it was used as a prison by Frederick II’s son.The structure of the castle is on an octagonal(八边形的) plan completed by eight towers, one in each corner. The main walls of the castle are 25 meters high and the towers are 26 meters high. The center of the castle has a beautiful courtyard with eight sides. It is believed that the octagon is a symbol representing the union of the earth and the sky.Several scholars guess that the castle had been designed by the Emperor himself and was constructed by local workers. But it is certain that there is no drawbridge or moat(护城河), which suggests that the castle was not built for a defensive purpose at all although most castles in Italy were built for the military(军事的) purpose.By the 18th century, the castle had been badly damaged. Originally, the building was characterized by beautiful marble columns and walls, but most of them have vanished over the years. Later on, the castle fell into ruins and was abandoned for a very long time. At last , it was purchased by the local government in 1876, but the repair work only began in 1928.Even with its colorful history, Castle del Monte is considered to be one of the best castles in Apulia. It is a perfect example containing various cultures, which is why it was included as a UNESCO world heritage site.24. What was Castle del Monte originally built for?A. Housing hunters.B. Attracting visitors.C. Holding prisoners.D. Celebrating wedding.25. In what way is Castle del Monte different from most castles in Italy?A. Its structure is on an octagonal plan.B. Its courtyard is unique and meaningful.C. It was not built for a defensive purpose.D. It was designed by Emperor Frederick II.26. What does the underlined word “vanished” in Paragraph 5 probably mean?A. Existed.B. Lasted.C. Survived.D. Disappeared.27. Why was Castle del Monte named as a UNESCO world heritage site?A. It has a special shape.B. It involves different cultures.C. It is the best castle in Italy.D. It is a symbol of royal power.CThe England youth fly-fishing team is preparing to compete in the biggest international contest of the year, against teams from Scotland, Wales and Ireland. They have come to the Tal-y-Llyn Lake, at the southern part of Snowdonia, for an intensive(集中的) training weekend. I decided to join them.As a layman(外行), I found it completely hard to understand. “You have all the tools you need,” said the organizer. “We are fishing for wild fish. So let’s really focus today.”The boys nodded. Clearly, they were in their element. The newest team member, 14-year-old Toff Crowther, told me that he was thinking about fishing all the time, even when he was at school. Last year, Scotland won the contest, and before that, England had won two years running. This year, they are determined to win first place again. The competition is simple: whoever catches the most fish wins. It is not unusual for a single fisherman to catch more than 20 fish in an afternoon.Many of the boys have t ravelled a great distance to be here and spent a lot, too. “I have devoted mywhole life to fishing,” said Oscar Boatfield, 17, as he was preparing his tools. “I do part-time jobs to afford trips like this.” Oscar was taught to fish by his grandfather, who lives in the Test Valley. He is studying sporting fishing management at Sparsholt College near Winchester. In the future, he wants to be a river keeper.“Fishing is seen as kind of an old man’s sport,” he admitted. “But, recently, a lot has been done to encourage a new generation. There are youth days at local fisheries, and discounts for young people. Child tickets are being introduced, which cost £6 rather than £25.”In fact, the cost is rather high. Apart from the tools and the fishing fee, expensive travel is often involved. According to Oscar, it is possible to find free fishing if you know where to look, but most people do not have such special knowledge.28. What’s the main idea of this passage?A. Some competitive fly-fishing teams in Britain.B. Some rules of a new kind of sport—fly-fishing.C. Some kinds of sport that are popular among young people.D. Some information about fly-fishing attracting a new generation.29. Which can replace the phrase “in their element” in Paragraph3?A. Doing what they enjoy.B. Uninterested in what to do.C. Nervous about what to do.D. Doing what they are afraid of.30. Which of the following is true about Oscar?A. He learned to fish by himself.B. He wants to be a fisherman in the future.C. He is studying courses on fishing at college.D. He did a full-time job to pay for the contest.31. What can we learn from the passage?A. Fly-fishing doesn’t cost much.B. Fly-fishing is popular all over the world.C. Scotland won the contest the year before last.D. Young people are encouraged to join in fly-fishing.DOn January 3rd, 2019, CNSA’S Chang’e-4 landed on the dark side of the moon.Strictly speaking, of course, the moon has no dark side. But because of the way it orbits(绕轨运行) the earth, our natural satellite shows us only one side—the other is hidden from our view. No one even saw the far side until 1959, when the Soviet Luna 3 spaceship flew around for a look and sent back photos. No astronaut or spaceship went there until this January, when the China National Space Agency(CNSA) lunched a 2,500-pound lander called Chang’e-4 to the southern end of the lunar far side.Chang’e-4 operated a small rover(探测车) to survey the geography there for the first time ever. By examining the geography of its l anding area, Chang’e-4 could solve longstanding puzzles about the moon, including how it formed 4.5 billion years ago. Chang’e-4 also carried a very small “1unar biosphere(生态圈)” containing silkworm eggs and a tiny greenhouse designed to grow potatoes in or der to study the growth of the seeds on the moon.Besides Chang’e-4, China plans to launch Chang’e-5 in 2019. Its mission will be to gather moon rocks using an orbiter, a lander or collector, an ascent stage(上升器) and a capsule. Then the capsule will separate from the orbiter and return the rocks to the earth. “With these missions, the Chinese will have shown complete mastery of flight in the space between the earth and the moon,” said Paul Spudis, an experiencedlunar researcher based in Houston.CNSA has already outlined ideas for Chinese astronauts to follow the robots to the moon. Pei Zhaoyu, deputy director of CNSA’s Lunar Exploration and Space Program Center, said that China plans a permanent robotic lunar station in about 10 years and suggested a human presence on the moon another decade or so after that. Spudis said China’s ambitious Chang’e-4 and Chang’e-5 missions should send human’s plans for lunar return into rapid development.32.What do we know about the dark side of the moon?A.It is hidden from people’s view due to the sun.B.In 1959, Soviet Luna 3 spaceship landed there.C.China is the first country to land a spaceship there.D.No astronaut had ever been there until this January.33.Why did Chang’e-4 operate a small rover?A.To grow potatoes on the moon.B.To build a tiny greenhouse on the moon.C.To survey the lunar biosphere on the moon.D.To study the geography of the lunar dark side.34.Which of the following can move apart from the orbiter of Chang’e-5?A. The lander.B. The capsule.C. The ascent stage.D. The collector.35.Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?A.First landing on the dark side of the moonB.First building of a lunar biosphere on the moonC.First returning the rocks to the earth from the moonD.First flying of Luna 3 over the dark side of the moon第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

内蒙古鄂尔多斯市第一中学2018-2019学年高二历史12月月考试题文一、选择题（共60小题，每题1分，共60分）1．洋务运动时期洋务派的义利观，有的秉承重“义”的义利观，同时倡导求“利”；有的推崇通过“商战”来维护利权，进而维护“义”；有的倾向通过兴办实业来求“利”，实现富国强国。

这些义利观A．旨在宣扬中体西用的价值 B．减少了社会变革的阻力C．强化了传统的纲常伦理 D．具有救亡图存的时代特色2．《申报》于1876年就中国是否应仿行机器织布进行了一场讨论，连续发文多篇，大加倡导。

该报主笔说，他数年前就曾提议“购齐西国织造各布机器”“仿织洋布，定易销售”，但应者寥寥。

现在他的主张却得到了社会舆论的广泛支持。

这一变化反映了当时中国A．政府积极推行重商政策 B．社会各阶层认同工业文明的优势C．社会变化推动观念更新 D．兴起实业救国思潮3．1861—1895年，京师同文馆、江南制造局翻译法学教科书仅18部，均为美、德、法、英、瑞士、荷兰等欧美国家的法学著作。

清末翻译日本政法书籍渐成潮流，翻译量达200多种。

发生这一变化的背景是A．救亡道路的调整与转变 B．近代民族工业加快发展C．欧洲列强对华侵略加剧 D．中体西用思想广泛传播4．鸦片战争后，许多来华传教士通过著书、办报等方式向中国介绍古希腊罗马。

在他们笔下，欧洲的古典世界不但文治昌明、战功显赫，而且长盛不衰，是近世欧洲文明的源头，足以与中华文明相媲美。

这些活动A．表明传教并非其来华真正目的 B．摧毁了中国士大夫的文化自信C．旨在改变中国人对西方的偏见 D．加深了中国的半殖民地化程度5．下表为晚清时期西学输入的基本脉络，该表反映出A．中西方思想文化逐渐融为一体 B．先进中国人已找到救国之路C．民族危机推动学习西学的深入 D．西方的民主制度被广泛接受6．夏曾佑在1903年写给严复的信中说：“《原富》（《国富论》）前日全书出版，昨已卖罄，然解者绝少，不过案头置一编以立懂于新学场也。

市一中2018～2019学年度第二学期期末考试试题高二语文一、现代文阅读(36分)(一)论述类文本阅读(本题共3小题，9分)阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。

《左传》记述：“中国有礼仪之大故称夏，有服章之美谓之华。

”“衣冠文物之邦”是中华民族的荣耀，“衣裳”更不寻常。

众所周知，在中国人的心目中，“民以食为天”这一古训，把人人都要吃饭这一寻常事推崇为天理，进入至高无上的信念。

然而这“以食为天”的观念，若与服装排座次，仍然屈居其后，殊不见“衣食住行”以“衣”为首的排列，就充分显示服装优先的地位。

穿衣戴帽成为中国历史上国家礼制的重要内容。

中国的礼制形成了一种世界罕有的社会现象，那就是服装的地位被抬高到无以复加的高度。

改朝换代都要改正朔，易服色，一代流行色上升到与国运兴亡有关的高度，承载色彩的服装更不寻常。

春秋战国时期，“衣裳”一度成为国家的代称：说我中国是“我衣裳”，改朝换代必定要变更服色等。

诸多章法，不仅是国家行为，也是民间风俗，这从习惯话语中可见端倪，例如士大夫称为“衣冠”，没有功名的学子称“布衣”，绅士的“绅”源自衣带，潜心受教名为继承“衣钵”，当官的理想是“衣锦荣归”，清官的嘉誉是“两袖清风”，首脑人物称作“领袖”。

以衣冠服饰表现民族气节的典故更是史不绝书，如季路垂死不忘结缨，临终也要把帽子戴正……许多佳话往往都用衣冠来体现，这说明服饰在中国不仅有遮体、保暖、观瞻的功能，还被提升为国家权力的象征、文化精英的代表、民族荣辱的标志。

在贵贱有别、职业有分的制度下，士农工商任其熙来攘往，一望而知，非农、非工、非士、非商的游民很容易暴露于众。

衣冠之治即是通过服装穿戴进行社会管理，这是中国传统社会特有的维护封建等级秩序的统治方略。

古人的衣冠还承载道德教化的功能，以皇帝冕服为例，这一身衣衫最重要的是冠帽。

皇冠前的十二束垂旒，称为“蔽明”，表示目不视非，有所不见：冠的左右两侧有充耳，称为“塞明”，表示耳不闻邪，有所不听。