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in/ over / during the past few years/months/weeks/days； for the last few centuries, through centuries; throughout history 等
考点四：用于现在完成时的句型
It is the first time that I have visited the city. It was the third time that the boy had been late.
1） This/That / It is the first / second time…. that…结构中 的从句部分，用现在完成时。
这是我看过的最好的电影。 This is the best film that I've (ever) seen.
2） This/That / It is the best (worst, most interesting, only ) +名词 ＋that” 后面跟现在完成时。
since的四种用法 1) since +过去一个时间点 (如具体的年、月、日期、钟
点、1980, last month, half past six)。 I have been here since 1989.
2)2) since +一段时间+ ago
3) I have been here since five months ago.
典型例题 1. You don‘t need to describe her. I ___ her several times. A. had met B. have met C. met D. meet
答案B. 首先本题后句强调对现在的影响，我知道她的 模样，你不用描述。再次，several times告知为反复发 生的动作，因此用现在完成时。 2.---I‘m sorry to keep you waiting.
Eg: When Bill comes (不是will come), ask him to wait for me.
条件：if, unless, provided.
If you will accept my invitation, my family will be pleased.
注意：由if 引导的条件状语从句中可以用shall或will表 “意愿”，但不表示时态。
studying were
将来进行时 shall
be studying will
过去将来进行时 should be studying
would
过去完成时
had studied
将来完成时 shall
have studied will
过去将来完成时 should
have studied would
过去完成进行时
He bought a watch but lost it.
Tom has written a letter to his parents last night. （错）
Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night. （对） 句子中如有过去时的时间副词（如 yesterday, last, week, in 1960）时，不能使用现在完成时，要用过去时。
考点二：常见的不确定的时间状语：lately; recently, just, already, yet, ever, never, up to now; till now; so far, these days, once, twice, three times…
Has it stopped raining yet ? 考点三：在表示“最近几世纪/ 年/ 月以来……”时间状语 中，谓语动词用现在完成时。
风挺大
It’s blowing hard.
有人找你接电话。 Someone is asking for you on the
phone.
注意：下面四类动词不宜用现在进行时。
（A）表示心理状态、情感的动作：like, love, hate, care, remember, believe, want, mind, wish, agree, mean, need。 （B）表存在的状态的动词：appear, exist, lie, remain, seem， belong to，depend on。
He has gone to Beijing.
have /has been … 表示曾到过某地（现在回来了） have /has gone… 表示已经到某地去了（现在不在说话处）
典型例题 (1) ---Do you know our town at all?
---No, this is the first time I ___ here. A. was B. have been C. came D. am coming (2) ---Have you ____ been to our town before?
②如果从句中有一个过去的时间状语，尽管从句中的动作 先于主句发生，但从句中的谓语动词用过去式。
③表示两个紧接着发生的动作，常由以下词语连接， 如but, and, when, as soon as, immediately, the moment…
The moment she came in, she told me what had happened to her.
1）The train _le_a_v_e_s_at six tomorrow morning. When does the bus start? It _s_ta_r_t_s_in ten minutes.
考点三：下列动词：come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return，open , close的一般现在时表将来。这主要用来表
示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。
2）倒装句（由here，there开头的句子，动词用一般 现在时表示现在正在发生的动作）
Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming. There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing.
现在进行时
had been studying
将来完成进行时 shall
have been studying will
过去将来完成进行时 should
have been studying would
现在
过去
N将来o
时
态 Im高a考题ge
巩固 题1
巩固 题2
主动
语 态
被动
一般现在时
现
现在进行时
在
现在完成时
一般现在时
（C）表示一时性动作的动词：allow, accept, permit, promise, admit, complete。
（D）表示感官的动词：see, hear, notice, feel, smell, sound, taste, look。
现在完成时
考点一：for + 时间段；since + 时间点 They have lived in Beijing for five years. They have lived in Beijing since 2019.
4)3) since +从句 5) Great changes have taken place since you left.
6) 4) It is +一段时间+ since从句 It is two years since I became a postgraduate student.
他去过北京。 He has been to Beijing. 他到北京去了。
How are you getting on with your work?
工作进行的相当顺利。The work is going fairly smoothly.
你进步很快。
You’re making rapid progress.
我们想在这里建一座 水坝。
We’re thinking of building a dam here.
---No, it‘s the first time I ___ here. A. even, come B. even, have come
C. ever, come D. ever, have come
注意：非延续性动词的否定形式可以与表示延续时间的
状语连用。即动作不发生的状态是可以持续的。
（错）I have received his letter for a month. （对）I haven't received his letter for almost a month
I met her in the street yesterday. He used to smoke a lot.
I thought the film would be interesting, but it isn’t.
He told me he __re_a_d____an interesting novel last night .
I learned that the earth ＿go＿es＿around the sun when I was in primary school. 考点一：表示永恒的真理，即使出现在过去的语境中，仍 用一般现在时。
If he accepts the job, he will get more money soon. 考点二：在时间和条件状语从句中，代替一般将来时；常 用的引导词有： 时间：when, until, after, before, as soon as, once, the moment/the minute;
