新世纪大学英语第二版综合教程一英语课后翻译主编秦秀白蒋静仪

UNIT 1Text Aconduct 进行；实施reveal 揭示，透露according to 根据...所说（所示）make the most of 最大限度利用innate （素质）天生的，天赋的attain〖正式〗（长期努力后）获得，达成academic （大专院校）教学（上）的，学术性的excellence 优秀，卓越principle原则，原理to begin with 首先，第一点priority优先考虑（或照顾）的事compromise做出妥协，折衷解决snack(正餐以外的)小吃，点心in other words 换句话说recreation 娱乐，消遣addition 增加in addition to 除此之外，另外athlete（田径）运动员memorise记住，记下biology 生物学work out (非正式)锻炼，健身interview 对(某人)进行面谈（面试）thrive兴旺，茁壮成长consistency一致性，连贯性factor因素perform履行，实行，完成involve使卷入，牵涉be/get involved in 使某人（某事物）参与某活动动或陷入某情况band(尤指流行音乐的)乐队，乐团track and field 田径运动rugby 橄榄球association协会，社团.debate辩论，辩论会disclose 公开，揭露file 把（文件、信件）汇存起来，把…归档colour-coded用颜色标记的folder文件夹，硬纸夹available可获得的，可用的，可看见的technique(尤指艺术，音乐，文学等方面的)技巧，手法advocate 提倡，主张effectively 有效地retention 记忆(力)，保持，保留lead to 导致schedule排定，把…安排在pace（为避免过于操劳）调整生活节奏和工作进度assignment(分配，指派的)工作，任务project(需费时费力的）项目，规划overwhelm使受不了，使不知所措at hand 即将到来；在手边，在近处polish (通过练习)改进，改善，擦亮procrastinate〖正式〗耽搁，拖延take down 记录revision(功课的)温习，复习jot 匆匆记下jot down 匆匆记下principal〖较正式〗最重要的，主要的，首要的scan 粗略地快看，浏览refresh 使恢复，使振作refresh one’s memory （借助笔记）使自己（某人）想起formula 方法，计划，原则promote提倡，促进，助长lie in 在于on the way to正在获得；正在变成；正在做score 得（分），进(球)context (事情发生的)场合，环境speak up 畅所欲言，清楚地表明看法clarify 澄清，讲清楚，阐明participation 参加，参与demonstrate(以推理或举例等)论证，证明，证实intellectual智力的，需用智力的curiosity 好奇心concisely 简明地，简要地approach 方法，步骤solution解决，解答on one’s own 独立的，无援的illuminate阐明，解释hypothetical (基于)假设的，假定的frame 拟定，制定tentative试验性质的base on 以某事物为另一事物的根据、证据等confirm 证实devise策划，设计employ 使用assign分派，分配，指派undertake承担，接受（责任，工作等）last but not least 最后但并非最不重要的（一点）crucial 决定性的，紧要关头的contribution 贡献，捐助infancy 婴儿期，幼年latter 后者instead of 不仅...反而pressure 压力take pains to do sth 煞费苦心（做）；（为...）费尽心机motivate 激发，激励，使…产生动机impress 使感动，使钦佩deliver 履行（诺言），实现（希望）Text Beconomic 经济学的；经济(上)的；实用的victim 牺牲者，受害者，遭难者(of); 受骗者sum 总数，总计，总额；【数学】和tough 强韧的，弯折不断的；胶黏的web 蜘蛛网；蛛网状东西，网状组织；【纺织；印染】棉[毛]网〔the W-〕【计算机】万维网(＝World Wide Web)classics 最优秀的，(艺术作品等)第一流的；高尚的，优雅的；模范的specific 特殊的；特有的；特定的，专门的obligate 使负(法律上或道义上的)义务，强迫，强制dawn 黎明，拂晓；曙光.开端，发端，端绪，萌芽oversleep (使)睡过头；(使)睡得过久psychologically 心理学(上)的；精神(现象)的peer 贵族;同辈，同等的人;同伴，伙伴economy 经济accumulate 节约,积累，存储，蓄积(财产等)，堆积determination 决心，决意steer 掌(舵)；驾驶(船、车)steer(for towards) 〔主口、诗〕(使)向(某方)行进practical实地的，事实上的，实际上的profession职业，(特指)知识性专门职业fulfill 履行(条约、义务)，遵守，执行(命令等)tension拉紧；伸张。

Unit 3Listen and RespondTask One Focusing on the Main IdeasChoose the best answer to complete each of the following sentencesaccording to the information contained in the listening passage.1)According to this monologue, we know that the girl’s sisters _____ .A)totally forgot their mother’s birthdayB)brought birthday presents to their motherC)prepared a birthday picnic for their motherD)reminded the girl of their mother's birthday2)The girl said that _____ .A)she felt bad for forgetting her mother’s birthdayB)she had saved some money for her mother’ birthdayC)she spent much time preparing a birthday present for her motherD)she prepared the picnic as the birthday present for her mother3)The girl went to the store _____ .A) to buy some plastic paperB) to buy herself a piggy bankC) to buy typewriter correction paperD) to buy her mother a birthday present4)The cashier at the store ______.A) paid for the girl's presentB) offered the girl a presentC) asked the girl to buy a plastic heartD) helped the girl by paying for the difference5)The girl always remembers the heart she gave her mother because ______ .A)it was the present her mother longed forB)it was associated with some special memoryC)it was handmade by herself for her motherD)it was the most expensive present she ever gotTask Two Zooming In on the DetailsListen to the recording again and fill in each of the blanks according to what you have heard.The girl felt sad(\) when her sisters came because she had forgotten that it washer mother’s birthday(2). She did not want her mother(3〕to know that, so she quickly took one dollar — the only money she had — from her piggy bank. She was sure that with this one dollar she could buy her mother a present that would show her mother how much sheloved her[A)f but when she went into a shop she found that one dollar wouldn’t buy(5) as much as she thought it would. She finally chose a plastic heart that was ninety-nine(6) cents. When she went to the cashier to make the payment, she was told that it cost more than a dollar because of the sales tax. She was so disappointed and had to put the heart back (1).Then the cashier put some of her own pennies into the cash register [Q] and gave her the heart in a bag. When the girl’s mother saw the present； she exclaimed," What a beautiful present! Its just what! need.(9〕•’ and she then put the little girl on her lap(10) and told her that she loved the heart and the girl.Task One Discovering the Main Ideas1Answer the following questions with the information contained in Text A.1)Describe in a few sentences the relationship between the writer and her mother.The writer and her mother loved each other deeply, and they were very close to each other. 2)What did the writer and her mother usually talk about under the pine tree?They usually talked about what was happening in their respective lives. They often recalled what had happened when the writer was a child. The writer also shared with her3)Why did the mother look unusually solemn one day and ask her daughter strange questions?The writer's mother acted strangely that day because her heart disease was deteriorating and she was dying.4)Did the writer visit the same place again after her mother died? What did the pine tree meanto her?Yes, she still went to the park, but now she brought her sons. The park with the pine tree was a meaningful place for the writer because it reminded her of her mother and it was a place for having more family gatherings and for maintaining a close family bond even after her mother was gone.2Text A can be divided into two parts. Now write down the paragraph numbers of each part and then give the main idea of each in one or two sentences.Part: One; Paragraph(s): 1-8; Main Idea: The writer recalls the days when she and her mother would meet and chat about life under a pine tree in the park nearby, and it was there that she learned that her mother was dying of heart disease.Part: Two; Paragraph(s): 9 - 13; Main Idea: After the writer’s mother died, the writer still brought her sons to the same spot which brought back fond memories of her mother. Such visits and the gatherings under the tree had created a close bond between her and her sons.Task Two Reading Between the Lines1Read the following statements and then decide whether each of them is true or false based on the information in the text. Write T for True and F for False in the space provided before each statement.1)F Recently, the family had picnics and gatherings quite often under the pine tree in the park (The family used to have picnics and gatherings quite often under the pine tree in the park when the writer’s mother was alive.)2)F When the writer told her mother that she was going to get married, her mother felt very sad. (Her mother cried at this news, but as she said, these were tears of joy. She was sad to see her daughter go, but happy that she had grown up.)3)TThe deepening love and close relationship between the writer and the mother grew with thepine tree.4)TThe daughter guessed that her mother was dying before her mother told her the truth.5)FThe writer's sons came to the pine tree often after their grandmother died because theirgrandmother used to take them there.(The writer’s sons still came to t he pine tree, but their grandmother did not take them there. Their grandmother had died before they were born.)6)FThe writer occasionally visited the pine tree after her mother's death because she missed hermother.(The writer went there with her sons and she shared her memories of her mother with the boys. It became a family tradition for the writer and her sons to meet under the pine tree to chat and sharenews about their lives with each other.)2Read the following sentences carefully and discuss in pairs what the author intends to say by the italicized parts.1)Mother picked up a blade of grass and began to shred it with her fingernail. I’d become wellacquainted with my mother’s habits, and this particular one indicated she had something serious on her mind. (Para. 5)/ knew my mother’s habits quite well, and this particular habit of picking up a blade of grassand shredding it with her fingernail told me that she must be bothered by something serious.2)What I didn't know, and what she had kept from me, was that her condition wasn't improving. We talked about her options, which were few... (Para. 8)We talked about possible ways of treatment that might help her to get better, but there was not much choice, for her disease was incurable and she was going to die.3)He hemmed and hawed {ox d, few minutes. (Para. 10)Fora few minutes he spoke hesitatingly and unclearly because he did not know howto break the news that he was to get married soon.4)I cried tears of joy as my son hugged me —his hug a rare and special treat. (Para. 10〕My son rarely hugged me, and when he did, it was to me like a special treat—something that gaveme great pleasure or delight.Task Three Voicing Your Views1Work in groups of threes or fours and discuss the following question. Is your relationship with your mother similar to or different from that between the writer and her mother? List as many similarities and differences as you can think of and write them down in the space provided.Similarities:a. You may also share important or minor things in your life with your mother.b. You and your mother always care about each other.c. You may also have a place which you like to visit together，e.g. a park or a square nearyour home.d•…Differences:a. You may not have a place that you frequently visit together.b. You may do more housework together.c. You may travel to different places together.d. You may not openly show your affection towards each other2List in the table below things you often do together with your parents or places you often go to with them, and share with your group members some of your pleasant / interesting / unusual experiences when doing something together with your parents.Things you often do together with your parentsgoing shopping，doing housework，going fishing, mountain-climbing, swimming, etc.Places you often go to with your parentsparks or other scenic spots, the cinema, sports fields，gyms，etc.Write a few lines here to describe your experiencessatisfied, amused，amazed, proud，excitement, pleasure, happiness, contentment, affection,and relaxation, etc.Checking Your Vocabulary • Word Detective1 Play detective and find the required word in Text B according to the clues given. Then, make at least two sentences with each of the words you have found. The number of the paragraph in which the target word appears is given in brackets.1)A verb meaning ’#to take hold of (a person or thing〕with a sudden rough movement": (Para.1)Write down the target word here: graba. A young man grabbed the money and ran away.b. They grabbed her by the arm and forced her into their car.2)An adjective meaning “suffering extreme need, anxiety, or loss of hope":〔Para. 4〕Write down the target word here: desperate a. Mary is desperate for money since she has been jobless for about 6 months.b. The project must be successful as it’s the fast desperate attempt to save the company.3)A verb meaning “to press firmly together, especially from opposite sides": (Para, 4) Write down the target word here: squeezea.Seeing her feeling so sad, he squeezed her arm sympathetically.b.Would you squeeze some oranges and make me a glass of juice ?4)A verb meaning “to set free, let go”： (Para. 6)Write down the target word here: releasea.She released the rabbit from the trap.b.Finally he released his hold on her arm.5)A verb meaning ##to ask very strongly and seriously and in a begging way”： (Para. 9) Write down the target word here: pleada.They wept and pleaded until we agreed to do as they wished.b.She pleaded for more time to pay back the money she borrowed.6)An adjective meaning “that can be easily carried or moved, quite small and light”： (Para.12)Write down the target word here: portablea.A portable machine is designed to be easily carried or moved.b.Since / need to travel a lot for work I always carry a portable computer with me.7)A noun me aning “a slight short, sharp sound1’： (Para-13)Write down the target word here: dicka.The key turned with a click and the door was open.b.A click of a button on the mouse controls the computer’s functions.8)A verb meaning “to make a search for，to try to find or get sth.”： (Para. 14)Write down the target word here: seeka. We are earnestly seeking after the truth.b. The travelers sought shelter from the rain.2 Rewrite each of the following sentences with a phrase that appears in Text B. Focus on the italicized parts. The number of the paragraph in which the target phrase appears is given in brackets.1)The train came off \^ rails and piled up in a cornfield during the snowstorm. (Para. 5)The train ran off its rails and piled up in a cornfield during the snow storm.2)On hearing the news she tried hard not to show\\er grief. (Para. 6)On hearing the news she tried hard to fight back her grief.3)Since / felt unhappy at home, I /e厅 when I was sixteen. (Para. 7)Iran away from home when / was sixteen.4)Why didn't you say you were going to be late? I’ve been extremely worried about you. (Para. 7】Why didn’t you say you were going to be late? I’ve been worried sick.5)He said he’d call again, and ended our phone talk suddenly. (Para. 13)He said he d call again, and hun^ up on me.6)For quite a while she looked at him m disbelief, shaking her head (Para. 14)She stared at him in disbelief, shaking her head.7)I stood there with a strong emotion of sorrow tried hard to fight back tears. (Para. 16) / stood there with a lump in my throat and tried hard to fight back tears.8)My mother-in-law is going to look after my son while I'm away. (Para. 17)My mother-in-law is going to take care of my son while I’m away.Checking Your Comprehension1 Answer the following questions with the information contained in Text B.1)How did the writer feel when she heard the telephone ring at midnight?She felt fear at the ringing of the telephone at midnight.2)Why did the caller say "But don’t... don’t say anything, until I finish”？Because she knew her mother very well and was afraid that her mother would start lecturingher again before hearing her out.3)What had happened to the caller?She had run away from home and found out that she was pregnant. On that particular nightshe got drunk and almost killed herself by drunk-driving.4)What was the callers complaint about her mother?She complained that her mother was not listening to her and was always telling her what she shoulddo.5)What did the caller want to do and how?The caller wanted to go back home. She called a taxi, but thought she could drive home.6)Why did the writer insist that the caller should wait for the taxi?Because the caller was drunk, the writer thought it was dangerous for her to drive home on her ownand she must wait for the taxi.7)From the end of the story, what do you learn about who actually was the caller?The caller was a stranger, not the writer’s own daughter She called the writer by mistake.8)What did the writer mean when she said “Maybe it wasn’t such a wrong number"? Althoughthe girl called the wrong number, the result turned out to be good, and the writerlearned a valuable lesson from the phone conversation and realized the importance to learn to listen when communicating with her own child. That’s why she said “it wasn’t such a wrongnumber”.9)Can you figure out the reason why the writer did not tell the caller that she had dialled the wrong number?The writer herself was a mother and she understood the runaway girl’s pain over her conflicts with her mother and her yearning to go back home and be accepted. The writer also knew clearly the critical situation the runaway girl was in. In order to keep the situation under control and not to hurt thedesperate caller, the writer did not acknowledge that the caller had dialled2The caller seemed to be facing some problems with her mother. Fill in the table below about what her mother did, how she felt about her mother and what she did finally.What the mother did1) She kept telling her daughter what should be done.2) She seemed to have all the answers rather than listen to her daughter Howthe caller felt and what she did1) she felt that her mother wasn’t listening to her.2) she felt that the mother never felt her feelings were important3) The girl finally ran away from home.3Read the following sentences carefully and try to figure out the feelings of the writer according to the context clues given in the text.1)Panicky thoughts filled my sleep-dazed mind …(Para. 1)She (the writer) felt fear at the ringing of the phone at midnight.2)1 drew in a sharp shallow breath, released my husband and pressed my hand against my forehead. (Para. 6)She was surprised and upset3)I bit into my lip, feeling my own eyes fill with moisture. (Para. 11)She was touched and felt like crying.4)“That’s good. Honey," I said, rel ief filling my chest. (Para. 18)She felt more relieved.5)“No!" I snapped. My muscles stiffened,... (Para. 20)She felt frightened at the thought of the caller driving when drunk.6)I listened to the silence in fear. When I didn't hear her answer, I bit intomy lip and closed my eyes. (Para. 23)She wasn’t feeling sure what was happening, so she felt somewhat helpless.7)Only when 1 heard someone in the background asking about a Yellow Cab did I feel my tension easing. (Para. 25)She felt relieved when she heard the taxi had arrived.8)Moving from the bed, tears forming in my eyes, I walked out into the hall and went to stand in my sixteen-year-old daughter's room. (Para. 27)She felt touched, and relieved at the same time that the situation was under control and things Enhance Your Language AwarenessWords in Action2In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with them. Change the form where necessary.1)There was a(n) aivkivard moment when she didn’t know whe ther to shake his hand or kiss his cheek.2)She breathed a sigh of re//ef when she found out she had passed her exam.3)Parents should really take extra care of their babies as many accidents actually occur at home.4)The government has two options]to reduce spending or to increase tax.5)The following program contains scenes that may be disturbing to some viewers.6)When the doctor told her that it was only a minor case, she released\\ev husband's arm.7)The woman felt panicky and she spoke almost without pausing for breath.8)The policeman blew his whistle and the protesters scattered\x\ all directions.9)He put a grape into his mouth and swallowed\\i whole.10)Don’t wipe your nose on your sleeve, kid —that’s what your handkerchiefs for!11)1 took my son to the zoo as a birthday treat.12)As I recall,it was you who suggested this idea in the first place.3In the boxes below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you understand their meanings? Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessaryt1)In just a few days he became well acquainted withM his new classmates.2)Jane has locked herself up in her room for the whole day. She took us by surprise when shecame out with her hair dyed red.3)Let's sit down quietly and gather our thoughts first before the discussion.4)To my surprise, the stranger turned out to be an old friend of my mother’s.5)Seeing )im wearing a funny hat, Maggie tried hard to fight back a desire to laugh.6)Don’t hang up on me — I need to talk to you.7)After quarrelling with his step-father, Colin ran aivayand hasn’t been heard of ever since.8)They’ve hired someone Xo take care ofxhe children for a week.9)When I asked him how he was doing, he hemmed and hawed before telling me that he hadjust lost his job.10)Once a very shy boy from a small mountainous village, he turned into a competent engineerin a matter of six years.11)The newspaper refused to keep the facts from the public.12)As we sat on the beach soaking up the sunshine, she started to tell me her childhood stories. • Increasing Your Word Power1 Complete the multiple choice exercise by choosing the right answer.1)All the following verbs can form acceptable collocations with the noun RELATIONSHIP except ____ .d. make b. create c. acknowledge d. deepene. build2)All the following adjectives can form acceptable collocations with thenoun RELATIONSHIP except ___ .a. closeb. mutualc. intimated. potentiale. fluent3)All the following adjectives can form acceptable collocations with thenoun PANIC except _____ .a. blindb. suddenc. sturdy growing e. total4)All the following verbs can go with the noun PANIC except _____ .a. feelb. causec. created. spreade. throw5)All the following verbs can go with the noun RELIEF except ____ .a. seekb. createc. experienced. expresse. offer6)All the following adjectives can form acceptable collocations with thenoun RELIEF except ____ .a. deepb. sheerc. temporaryd. desperatee. obvious7)All the following verbs can go with the noun MEMORY except ___ .a. loseb. arousec. refresh d survive e. cherish8)All the following adjectives can form acceptable collocations with thenoun MEMORY except ____ .a. earlyb. sociablec. lastingd. fond e- vivid2Many words in English can be used both as nouns and as verbs. Complete all the sentences using either the noun form or the verb form of the words given in the box. Change the form where necessary •1)Please focus your minds on the following problem.2)She has constant fears that her husband will abandon (抛弃)her and the kids.3)The focus of recent research has been on environmental issues.4)Her father died of a heart attack when there was no one else at home.5)She fears that the child may have got a blood problem.6)This kind of disease attacks the central nervous system.7)She paid frequent visits to her parents and they were so happy to see her every time she visited Xhem.8)The blind man touched the elephant's ear and concluded that the elephant is in the shape ofa huge fan.9)My long chat with my mother over the phone every day has relieved a lot of my stress.10)He has got a strange skin problem. Even a light touch on his face hurts.11)The colour of the curtains and the paint on the wall do not match.12)My husband often chats with me over dinner so I know very well what is happening at his workplace.13)The young couple are a perfect match.14)Experts fearthal the disease will spread far and wide.3Did you notice the suffixes -y, -able in words such as panicky and portable in this unit? The sufilx -able can be added to a noun or a verbto form an adjective，and -y can be put after a noun to form an adjective. Now form adjectives by adding -y or -able to the words given in the table and write down the Chinese meaning for each adjective.Nouns/Verbs Suffixes Adjectives Chinese Meaningsfault faulty有错误的：有缺点的：不完善的guilt guilty有罪的：有过失的hand handy手边的；方便的panic panicky惊恐的；易恐慌的pick picky吹毛求疵的：爱挑剔的adapt -yAable adaptable能迨应新环境的：适应性强的imagine imaginable可想象的；想得到的port portable便于携带的：轻便的predict predictable可预言的；可预料的rely reliable可靠的；可信赖的Complete each of the following sentences with a proper word you have thus formed.1)He pleaded guilty to charges of theft (盗窃)and robbery in court.2)I’m sure she’ll cope with the changes very well; she’s very adaptable.3)Keep your pills handy \ust \n case you feel carsick.4)The doctor tried every means imaginable to save the patient, but in vain.5)Considering the great disparity (巷殊)in strength between the two teams, the result is predictable •6)Many people feel pan/ckyvjhen speaking before the public.7)If the product you bought turns out to he faulty •you may request a repair or a replacement8)He is such a p/cky eater that he won't eat anything but fresh vegetable.9)He's not very reliable.You'd better not count on him to help you out.10)A portable computer is a computer designed to be easily moved fromone location to another.Grammar in ContextObserve the following sentences from both Text A and Text B, paying special attention to the use of the past perfective aspect of the verb. Then do the following two tasks.Task 1: Combine each pair of sentences into one by making use of the past perfect aspect of the verb.1)a. We rushed to the railway station,b. We found the train left already.We rushed to the railway station，but found the train had left.2)a. I learnt some English at high school in China.b. I became an English Major at an American college after I finished high school in China. Before / became an English major at an American college, I had learnt some English at high3)a. I got to the cinema by bike.b. Kathy got there even earlier and picked up the tickets.Kathy had already picked up the tickets by the time / got to the cinema by bike.4)a. I shut the door.b. Immediately afterwards the telephone rang.No sooner had I shut the door than the telephone rang.or: I had no sooner shut the door than the telephone rang.5)a. The teacher explained the theory in detail,b. Then the students understood.The students did not understand until the teacher had explained the theory in detail.Task 2: A theft happened in a company last Saturday. John, the person who was on duty, was telling a friend what had happened. Imagine you are John and your partner his friend. Tell him what happened using the following clues. You need to add what is missing and make use of the past perfect aspect of verbs whenever necessary to indicate the sequence of the events.Before I left the office at 5 o'clock, I had locked the office door. When I passed by the office an hour later, 1) ! saw the door open.I felt a bit surprised； so I stopped and went in to take a look. When I saw the mess in the office, I knew 2) the office had been broken into. I took aquick look around and found that 3) quite a few things had been stolen. I called the police immediately. By the time the police arrived, my boss and my colleagues 4) had already comeback to the office.Tom said that 5) the 200 dollars he had locked in his drawer was gone.Dylan's camera, which he 6) had just bought,was also gone. My boss suffered the heaviest loss. 7) A few computers in the office had been stolen.The police searched the office, but wereunable to find any clues.ClozeComplete the following passage with words chosen from this unit. The initial letter of each is given.My mother and I always enjoyed our chat together under a pine tree in the park. At our recent {^1) meeting, however, her pale face took me by surprise(2).I asked her what was wrong, and her sad /solemn(3) look and silence mademe believe that she was keeping (4) something bad from me. Apparently,something serious was disturbing(5] her. At first, she remained silent. Finally,after my persistent inquiries(6), she could not hold it any longer and admitted(7)to me that she had a very serious heart disease. It suddenly occurred (S) to methat three years ago, she had heart surgery(9) but her condition did not improveafterwards and now there were hardly any options(10) left I reached over andwrapped my arms around my mother and cried. As we sat there thatcool April afternoon soaking(12) up the sun and smelling the fresh scent(\2) ofthe grass, I had one wish in my heart that I could have more gatherings(14] with mymother in the days to come.TranslationTranslate the following sentences into English, using the words and expressions given in brackets.1)浃们差科朋左，sj他屋尨将&么大的一磷華成;|為，^ r±o (keep sth. from, take sb. by surprise)We are good friends; however，he kept such an important matter from me，which took me by surprise.2)杏毕必典^[commencement:) i;，M慈 i.j喵於咬,，M仍迖5 <15沏水。

1)the judge asked the reporters not to disclose the name of the victim.法官要求记者不要公开受害人的姓名(disclose)。

2)The teacher took pains to make sure that we all understood what he said.老师费尽苦心务使我们全都理解他说的话(take pains to do sth)。

3)Recently the school conducted a survey among those students who have attained academic excellence.最近学校在学业优秀的学生中进行了一项调查(conduct attain)。

4)He said he would accept the job,so we have asked him to confirm his acceptance by writing us a letter.他说他要接受这份工作，我们要求他写封信证实(confirm)。

5)George studies very hard. He wants to make the most of his chance to learn.乔治学习很努力，他要尽量利用学习的机会(take the most of)。

6)We can’t go. To begin with, it’s too cold. Beside, we’re busy.我们不能去。

第一，天太冷。

另外我们正忙着(to begin with)。

7)It’s about time that someone spoke up for these basic truths/facts.该是有人公开讲清楚这些基本事实的时候了(speak up)。

8)You should be working instead of lying there in bed at this time of the day.此时此刻你应该工作而不该在床上躺着。

新世纪大学英语综合教程1-课后答案-第二版--秦秀白-Unit-1-Key-to-Some-Exercis es-U1Unit OneCollege EnglishEnhance Your Language AwarenessWords in Action▆Working with Words and Expressions1.Listed in the boxes below are some of the words that you need to be very familiar with. Now work in pairs and make sentences with each of them to see if you have really mastered their usages. You are encouraged to consult a dictionary if you are still not quite sure about their meanings and usages.▆Sample sentences for reference:1)Do you think the government will deliver on their election promises?2)I need to polish (up) my French now because I’m going to France next summer.3)Details of the competition are available from our head office.4)Many people choose to go by car rather than by bus, but I prefer the latter.5)Please file this letter (away), Miss Smith.6)Today his company continues to thrive in spite of severe competition.7)She undertook responsibility for the changes he made in the article.8) A career advisor can offer you sound and practical suggestions on how to make career decision.9) A nurse has many duties to fulfill in caring for the sick.10)He perceived a subtle (微妙的；细微的) change in her manner when he met her the second time.11)Over the years, I have accumulated hundreds of books.12)He has multiplied his fortune many times within a short period of two years.2.In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with them. Change the form where necessary.▆Answers:1)compromise2)self-induced23)steered4)frame5)demonstrated6)employ7)promote8)impressed9)contribution10)deliberately11)financial12)economic3.In the boxes below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you understand their meanings? Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary.▆Answers:1)makes a point of2)refresh my memory3)lead to4)at hand5)working out6)under pressure7)Last but not least8)took, down9)In addition to10)were involved in11)in other words12)pointed out13)pay off34.Fill in the blanks with words listed in the box below. Change the form where necessary. Then rearrange the given letters to form two words related to college life and complete the final sentence with the two words.▆Answers:1)s cored2)s cheduled3)a ssigned4)m otivate5)c rucial6)p romote7)p erformed8)d ebate9)s canned10)devised11)advocated12)clarify13)priorities14)compromised15)context16)undertook17)academic excellence▆Increasing Y our Word Power1.The same word can perform different roles and functions as different parts of speech. Listed in the box4below are some of these words. Complete the following sentences with the words in the box. Make sure that your sentences are grammatically correct.▆Answers:1)principal / major2)top3)major4)top5)principal6)major7)schedule8)advocate / have advocated9)top10)a pproach11)b lame12)m ajor / principal13)a dvocate14)s chedule15)b lame16)a pproaching17)p ressure18)p ace19)p ressured20)p ace2.In this unit there are many words and phrases that are similar in meaning. Find out those pairs of words and phrases and put them down in the space provided.5▆Answers:3.In this unit the verb set is collocated with priorities, timetables, and standards. Try to fill in as many nouns as possible that can go with set in the space provided. If you are not sure of some collocations, consult a dictionary. Then make sentences of your own using the collocations in the space provided.▆Answers for reference:set priorities / timetables / standards / an exam / an alarm / an example / a price /a record / limits1)Who is going to set (the questions for) the exam this time?2)She forgot to set her alarm last night: that was why she overslept.3)Her heroic behavior sets a good example for us to follow.4)We had to compromise and finally the price was set at $1,000.5)We were all pleased to know that Liu Xiang had set a world record in the 110-meter hurdles.6)The government has set strict limits on pay increases.4.Did you notice the suffixes -ion, -ation, -ly in words such as education, expectation, deliberately in this6unit? The suffixes -ion, -ation can be put after many verbs to form nouns, and -ly can be added to many adjectives to form adverbs. Listed in the box below are some nouns and adverbs with suffixes -ion, -ation, -ly you have come across in this unit. Write down their corresponding verb and adjective forms in the space provided.▆7Task 1: Complete each of the following sentences with a proper noun with suffixes -ion, -ation listed above.▆Answers:1)edition2)revisions3)contribution4)anticipation5)frustration6)participation7)association8)expectationsTask 2: Correct the mistakes in the following paragraph, paying special attention to the use of adjectivesand adverbs. Underline the mistakes and writedown your corrections in the space below. If youthink there is no mistake, write “No Mistake”. ▆Answers:1)No mistake2)especially3)necessary4)frequently5)No mistake6)easy7)No mistake8)individual9)many10)h ighly11)a pparent12)r emarkable813)p robably14)N o mistakeGRAMMAR IN CONTEXTTask 1: Decide which one is correct by crossing out the wrong one.▆Answers for reference:1)People go to university to increase their knowledge.2)The family were at table when the telephone rang.3)There is a Jack Robinson waiting to see you in the hall.4)We are striving for a world with no poverty, no hurt and no hatred.5)The Olympic Games for 2016 will be held in Rio de Janeiro.Task 2: Insert an appropriate article in each blank, using Ø to stand for ZERO article:▆Answers:1)t he2)a n3)Ø4)a5)t he6)t he7)t he8)a9)a10) a911)the12)the13)Ø14)the15)the16) a17)Ø18)the19)the20) aClozeComplete the following passage with words chosen from this unit. The initial letter of each is given.▆Answers:1)a cademic2)p riorities3)c onducted4)p rinciples5)b egin6)p riority7)c ompromised8)a ddition9)f iling10)S peaking11)f ormula1012)P articipation / Participating13)b ased14)l east15)w ay16)p ressureTranslationTranslate the following sentences into English, using the words and expressions given in brackets.▆Answers for reference:1)The judge asked the reporters not to disclose the name of the victim.2)The teacher took pains to make sure that we all understood what he said.3)Recently the school conducted a survey among those students who have attained academic excellence.4)He said he would accept the job, so we have asked him to confirm his acceptance by writing us a letter.5)George studies very hard. He wants to make the most of his chance to learn.6)We can’t go. To begin with, it’s too cold. Besides,we’re busy.7)It’s about tim e that someone spoke up for thesebasic truths / facts.8)You should be working instead of lying there in bed at this time of the day.9)I’ll jot down some notes while he’s speaking.10)I can’t carry the suitcase on my own; it’s too heavy.Theme-Related Writing1. Write an essay in about 100–120 words based on your discussion in Optional Classroom Activities. You can take either of the following titles:1) I like to study on my own2) I like to study in a group2. If you didn’t do Task 3 in Optional Classroom Activities you can write an essay of around 120 words on the following topic.College Is Not an Ivory Tower▆Sample Essays for Task 1:I like to study on my ownMany of my classmates like to study together. However, I always like to study on my own, with good reasons. First, I feel that I can concentrate better when I study alone. When I have to work together with other people, I often get distracted and more often than not, I end up chatting with them without completing the task at hand. Second, when I study on my own, I can work at my own pace, choosing to spend more time on certain difficult sections and less time on less challenging parts. I can also check my class notes or reference books whenever I feel the need to. One final good advantage of studying alone is that unlike group work, self study is not restricted by time and space. In other words, if I feel like studying, I can do so at any time and anywhere.(146 words)I like to study in a groupAccording to a recent study, students who study together by discussing homework and problems usually score higher than those who work on their own.I am happy to hear that because I like to study in a group. I think we can reinforce our understanding of what we have learned in class by asking each other questions. Besides, it is always enjoyable working with someone else. A discussion on questions we don’t understand very well will help clear up any possible confusion. Last but not least, we should not ignore the importance of cooperation in our society. Working with others helps develop our team spirit, which has become essential in this modern world of ours. After all, two heads are always better than one.(125 words)▆ Sample Essay for Task 2:College Is Not an Ivory TowerPeople often say that college is an ivory tower and life on campus is cut off from the harsh realities of the real world. College may have been an ivory tower before, but it is not so any more. We college students are under various kinds of pressure. First of all, most of us are burdened with a heavy tuition fee, which keeps on increasing every year. So some of us have to work over ten hours every week. Life for those who can get financial help from their parents is not easyeither, as they very often have to follow their parents’ advice and take a major they don’t like. Finally those who are about to graduate suffer from a different kind of pressure: hunting for a job. It is no longer easy for a college student to get a decently paid job these days.(134 words)。

新世纪大学英语第二版综合教程一课文译文主编秦秀白-蒋静仪优等生的秘诀1 一位研究教育的老师针对成绩优异的学生做过重点研究，发现最聪明的学生不见得总能得高分。

根据这位教授、其他教育专家以及优等生们自己的观点，懂得如何充分发挥自己的潜能对于学生来说更为重要。

2 在班上名列前茅的学生之所以学习优秀，是因为他们掌握了几个人人都可以轻易学到的基本原则。

首先，优等生知道如何决定轻重缓急。

他们从来不会为了打电话、看电视或者吃零食而牺牲学习时间。

换言之，学习总是摆在娱乐之前。

另外，优等生们总是注意随时随地学习。

有位成绩优异的学生同时也是优秀的运动员，每天利用户外训练时间背生物学术语。

而另一位学生则利用每天早上刷牙时间记一个新单词。

所有受访的学生无一例外都认为，在什么时间学习完全是个人偏好问题。

有些人在夜深人静时学习效果最好，有些人则喜欢趁着自己还能清晰地记得上课所讲的内容，一放学回家就开始学习。

尽管如此，所有优等生都一致认为，如果想任何时候都表现优秀，一个主要的因素就是要持之以恒。

3 学生还必须学会有条理。

举个例子，有一位优等生在学校乐队、田径队、橄榄球协会和辩论小组里都很活跃。

他透露，他之所以把东西放得井井有条是因为他浪费不起到处找东西的时间。

还有一位学生喜欢把当天的笔记马上整理出来并放进用不同颜色标记的文件夹里，以便临近考试时能随时用来复习。

优等生们提倡的另一个技巧是有效的阅读，其中包括快速阅读，提高记忆能力以及主动提出问题以便充分理解作者的意思。

4 对于学生们来说，合理安排时间也同样重要。

他们必须懂得如何根据每天的时间表和学习能力来安排做作业和项目的速度，不至于让手头的工作压得喘不过气。

能制定时间表不仅让学生能够腾出更多时间来复习和完善功课，而且还能防止他们拖拖拉拉。

成绩优异的学生认为，他们成功的一大秘诀就是上课时做好笔记，供复习时使用。

有个学生透露，她把从课文上摘抄的内容记在笔记本的一边，把课堂笔记写在另一边。

Unit 6 Civility and Good Manners: Keys to the exercisesWords in Action2 In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with them. Change the form where necessary.1) The car crash wasn’t an acc ident; it was a(n) deliberate attempt to kill him!2) She became cautious when she was led into a(n) deserted side street.3) The government would be unwise to ignore the growing dissatisfaction with its economic policies.4) She adjusted her mirror and then edged the car out of its parking bay.5) After years of neglect , the museum is open to the public again.6) When marchers gathered on a third day of protest, violence broke out and buildings were burned.7) Due to the depression, our share of the market has decreased sharply this year.8) He has a very good memory and can still remember every incident that happened 20 years ago in great detail.9) Don’t ask me; follow your instincts and do what you think is right.10) One swing of the axe is enough to fell(砍倒)the tree.11) She refused to confront the inescapable fact that she would have to sell the house.12) I was too sleepy to be aware how cold it was.3 In the boxes below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you understand their meanings? Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary.1) The incident seems to show the company in a bad light .2) Could we take a walk? I feel like having a little exercise.3) Cooped up in a small dark cell, the prisoner hasn’t seen daylight for five years.4) We’d better get rid of these boxes of yours — they are taking up / take up too much space.5) The village is far away from the town, tucked away behind the hills.6) He is a nice person. I’ve never seen him get annoyed or lose his temper .7) Being afraid that he was going to tell the newspapers, the company offered him ?,1000 to shut him up .8) They lay side by side on the grass, not talking, just looking into thesky and enjoying the gentle spring breeze.9) Our application was rejected, but the council didn’t give a good reason for its decision.10) It is reported that youth crime has been on the rise in recent years.11) Mankind must put an end to war or war will put an end to mankind.12) Summers in the south of France are for the most part dry and sunny. Increasing Your Word Power1 Many words in English can be used both as nouns and as verbs. Use either thenoun form or the verb form of the words given in the box below to complete allthe sentences. Change the form where necessary.1) I have nothing but scorn for people who are cruel to animals.2) We all breathed a sigh of relief when we heard they were safe.3) I respect his views, although I do not agree with them.4) The park was overgrown and littered from years of neglect .5) Qualified staff are leaving and standards are declining .6) Several leading officers have quite openly scorned the peace talks.7) Feed plants and they grow, neglect them and they suffer.8) The first signs of economic decline didn’t become visible until acouple of months later.9) One swing of the hammer was all it took to drive the nail throughthe board.10) Investment levels have fallen, while the number of business failures has risen .11) Many of us are not happy with the recent sharp rise in gas price.12) We’ve had a decrease in the number of students enrolling in theschool.13) His voice was warm with friendship and respect .14) I lay on my back, listening to the sound of the wind sighing in thetrees.15) By exercising often, you can decrease your chance of developingheart disease.16) She sat on the edge of the table, swinging her legs.2 Complete the following sentences with “behaviour”, “manners”, or both. Changethe form where necessary.1) It’s not good manners to stare at people.2) Her lack of manners is quite appalling.3) He had his jail term cut for good behaviour.4) Didn’t your parents teach you any manners?5) I’m sorry, I was forgetting my manners. Can I offer you a drink?6) Animals in zoos often display disturbed behaviour.7) Parents can influence the behaviour / manners of their children.8) He attacked the food as quickly as decent table manners allowed.9) He could at least have had the manners to answer my letter.10) The headmaster does not tolerate bad behaviour / manners.All the words in the following table can form acceptable collocations with thetarget words in italics. Cross out the word that is not similar in meaning fromthe rest in every group.1) proper 2) due 3) utmost 4) grudging respect1) apologetic 2) sheepish 3) rueful 4) reassuring smile1) colloquial2) offensive 3) strong 4) crude language1) insolent2) soothing 3) cheerful 4) fruity voice1) lax 2) carefree 3) casual 4) ambivalent attitudes1) obscene 2) rude 3) theatrical 4) defiant gesture4 Did you notice the suffixes -ful, -less in words that you have come across fromUnits 1–6, such as harmful, dreadful, joyless, restless? Both suffixes can beadded to nouns or verbs to form adjectives. When added to nouns, -ful canmean “full of” or “having the quality of”, such as careful; while -less can mean“without” or “not having the quality of”, such as careless. In this case, -ful canbe understood as the opposite of -less. But when added to verbs, -ful can mean“apt to, able to; accustomed to”, such as forgetful, while -less can mean “cannotbe -ed”, such as countless.Now complete the following table by adding -ful and -less to the words. Somewords can be combined with only one of the prefixes. Consult a dictionary ifnecessary.Nouns / Verbs Adjectives with -ful Adjectives with -lesscount—— countlessdoubt doubtful doubtlessevent eventful eventlessforget forgetful ——fruit fruitful fruitlesshope hopeful hopelessmercy merciful mercilesspeace peaceful peacelesspower powerful powerlessthought thoughtful thoughtlessTranslate the following into English, using the words you have thus formed.1) 一个轻率的决定a thoughtless decision2) 一位多产的作家a fruitful writer3) 一位仁慈的老人a merciful old man4) 一个强大的国家a powerful nation5) 一个和平的解决方案a peaceful solution6) 一次令人愉快的聚会a delightful party7) 一个健忘的人a forgetful man8) 一个多事的年代an eventful age9) 一个充满希望的未来a hopeful future10) 一次毫无结果的调查a fruitless investigationGrammar in ContextStudy the following sentences that appear in this unit, paying special attention tothe WITH phrase. Reflect on the grammatical function of the WITH phrase in eachsentence and then do the following two tasks.1) The other boy suddenly stood up and with a quick, deliberate swing of hischubby arm threw a spadeful of sand at Larry. (Para. 1, Text A)Adverbial of manner2) He stood with his legs spread apart, rocking a little, looking atMorton withutter scorn. (Para. 16, Text A)Adverbial of accompanying circumstances; adverbial of manner3) He walked awkwardly, almost limping with self-consciousness, to thesandbox. (Para. 17, Text A)Adverbial of cause4) With all the dignity she could summon, she pulled Larry’s sandy, perspiringlittle hand, while Morton pulled the other. (Para. 18, Text A)Adverbial of accompanying circumstances5) Slowly and with head high she walked with her husband and the child out ofthe playground. (Para. 18, Text A)Adverbial of mannerTask 1: Combine each pair of sentences into one containing a phrase introducedby WITH.1) a. She was holding the baby.b. She was very careful with the baby.She was holding the baby with great care.2) a. His chin was cupped in his hands.b. He looked at his mother sitting opposite him.With (his) chin cupped in (his) hands, he looked at his mother sitting opposite him.3) a. A truck screamed down the pathway.b. Its headlights were flashing and its horn was blaring.A truck screamed down the pathway, with (its) headlights flashing and (its) hornblaring.4) a. The teacher entered the classroom.b. There was a cup in his hand and a textbook under his arm.The teacher entered the classroom, with (a / his) cup in (his) hand and (a / his)textbook under (his) arm.5) a. The children stepped into the museum.b. Their eyes were wide open out of curiosity.The children stepped into the museum, with their eyes wide open out of curiosity.Task 2: Translate the following into English, using WITH phrase where possible.1) 她喜欢闭着眼睛听音乐。

Unit 4 Growing up: Keys to the execise sEnhance Your Language AwarenessWords in ActionWorking with Words and Expressions1 Listed in the boxes below are some of the words that you need to be very familiar with. Now work in pairs and make sentences with each of them to see if you have really mastered their usages. You are encouraged to consult a dictionary if you are still not quite sure about their meanings and usages.1) When the father learned about his son’s school performance, he beamed with satisfaction.2) How do people celebrate New Year’s Day in your country?3) What are you complaining about? You have already got everything you want.4) There were 24 people enrolled in the French class.5) The children panicked when they saw the serious look on the teacher’s face.6) When I turned off the TV, all my three kids protested.7) He is too stubborn to admit that he was wrong.8) George is very ambitious about his future though he is just a teenager.9) My son is very good at figures, and he plans to take up Mathematics as his major.10) He got very frustrated when he learned that he had failed the exam again.11) Being a very possessive father, he felt very unhappy when he learned his daughter was going to get married.12) How can you keep your children at home for the whole week? Of course, they willget restless.2 In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with them. Change the form where necessary.1) She finds herself in conflict with her parents over her future career.2) The two parties finally overcame their differences on the matter of interest rate (利率).3) Some strange customs have survived from earlier times.4) Please let us know if you can attend the meeting scheduled (事先安排) for the coming Thursday.5) She frowned with displeasure as she was reading her son’s school report.6) Students are likely to let their minds wander if the teacher’s lectures are dull and boring.7) I always feel so guilty about not visiting my parents more often, but I do have lots of things to cope with every day.8) The local farmers sustained heavy losses during the flood season.9) The next morning we all went out to survey the damage caused by the fire.10) The sudden appearance of a tiger from the woods terrified us all.11) International students are required to carry medical insurance as a condition of enrollment (注册).12) Adapting to a new culture is no easy task because there are lots of cultural differences to overcome.3 In the boxes below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you understand their meanings? Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercises. Change the form where necessary.1) The old man was sick of having arguments all the time with his wife.2) “You really can’t imagine what I have gone through,” Mary said,choking back her tears.3) Compared with growing up in primitive societies, growing up in today’s world is in some ways harder.4) When I first settled into teaching in this small town, I felt very awkward, for my neighbors wanted to know everything about me.5) The boys would give anything / the world to meet that football star.6) Tom rushed into the room when Jane and I were in the midstof a conversation.7) It’s true that his father is a world-famous movie star, but Jack became famous in his own right .8) We didn’t plan it like that but it worked out very well.9) At first he found it extremely hard to fit in with his colleagues at the new company.10) When I was in my teens, I gradually grew apart from my parents, only to realize how wrong I was in my later years.11) I’m sorry to hear that you’re suffering from a severe cold.No wonder you did not turn up at the party yesterday.12) It is not a healthy habit staying up too late.13) I was annoyed with my mother’s tight control over me and ended up shouting at her one day.14) The boy was scared of his mother because she would always scold(责怪) him if he did anything wrong.15) Because of my carelessness, I soon found myself in trouble again and then I realized that what my mother had said was right.16) He is not a very responsible person. For instance , he promised to come to our meeting, but never even responded when we invited him.● Increasi ng Your Word Power1 The words listed in the following box can be used to describe either a teenager or a parent. Go over each word carefully and then choose the right word to complete each sentence.1) He is a very possessive father. He says “no” to all his daughter’s boyfriends.2) A(n) over-protective parent usually weakens his / her child’s belief in his / her ability to solve his / her own problems.3) Are you a(n) frustrated parent whose teenager always makes angry scenes when you try to get him or he r to “just DO something”?4) His possessive mother wants him to ring her 3 times a day at least to keep her informed of what he does at school.5) It is often the case that in a family one parent is usually slightly lenient / strict and the other is slightly strict / lenient .6) Teenagers are rather rebellious as they often prefer to be on their own and refuse to listen to their parents.7) Don’t blame him: he’s just a(n)frustrated teenager who feels that he is unable to find his position in life.8) Don’t blame him for not wanting to stay at home. He is justa restless teenager longing for adventure.9) She used to be a(n) stubborn teenager who thought that whatever she believed was correct.2 Match the verbs in the box with the nouns below so that they form correct collocations. If you are in doubt, consult a dictionary. Put the verbs in the space provided and each verb is to be used only once. Then write down six sentences of your own using the collocations.1) survey the damage 2) sustain dents3) attend a meeting 4) terrify somebody5) wrap presents 6) recall an eventWrite down your own sentences here.1) After surveying the damage, we concluded that it was caused by animals.2) His car sustained dents when it hit the road block.3) The teachers will attend our meeting this afternoon.4) The stern expression on his face terrified me.5) Please wrap the presents carefully.6) When he recalled what happened ten years ago, he still couldn’t help feeling sorry.3 Did you notice the suffixes -ize, -ify in words such as realize, terrify in this unit? The suffixes -ize, -ify can be added to nouns or adjectives to form verbs. Now form verbs by adding -ize or -ify to the words given in the table and write down the Chinese meaning for each verb.Nouns / Adjectives SuffixesVerbsChinese Meaningsbeauty beautify 使美起来；美化just justify 证明…正当；证明…无罪modern modernize 使现代化popular popularize 使大众化；普及，推广pure purify 使纯净；提纯simple -ize/-ify simplify 简化；使简易symbol symbolize 作为…的象征，标志test testify 作证，证明；表明theory theorize 使理论化；从理论上说明4 Complete each of the following sentences with a proper word you have thusformed.1) The procedures have been simplified so that users can operate the system easily.2) The flower baskets and paintings helped to beautify the church.3) The pursuit of good ends does not justify the employment of bad means.4) He decided to testify on behalf of the accused man before the jury(陪审团).5) It is much easier to theorize about a solution than to actually put it into practice.6) The government is making efforts to popularize solar energy industry in response to national energy shortage.7) Research has shown that certain green plants can purify indoor air and regulate humidity.8) Many people deeply sympathized with the victims of the disaster and donated whatever they could to help them out.9) In religion and art, an eagle stands for freedom and strength, while adove symbolizes peace and purity.10) The company has made massive investments in modernizing its assembly line(生产线).Grammar in ContextTask 1: Discuss with a partner and explain whether the highlighted verbs below have different meanings when used transitively or intransitively.1) a. I survived my last years of high school until finally I turned eighteen. (Para. 9, Text A)b. Thousands of people were killed in the disaster, but he survived.a.: vt.;b.: vi., with the same meaning: “did not die”2) a. And so when strangers asked me if I was Doctor Eppley’s son,I replied emphatically, … (Para. 4, Text A)b. I wrote him a letter telling him that I would pay him a visit, andhe replied that he would be glad to see me again.a.: vi. meaning “respond in words”b.: vt. meaning “write back”3) a. And I can manage quite well on my own. (Para. 4, Text A)b. He had been managing the business for six years before it made a profit.a.: vi. meaning “succeed in dealing with sth.”b.: vt. meaning “be in control or in charge of”4) a. I was sixteen years old and the neighbors still called me “Doctor Eppley’sson.” (Para. 3, Text A)b. I’ve got to call at the bank to get some cash.a.: vt. meaning “say or consider that (sb. or sth.) is (sth.)”b.: vi. meaning “pay a brief visit”Task 2: Read the sentences below and decide whether each one contains an error in the use of transitive or intransitive verbs. Put a tick (√) before the sentence that is correct. Put a cross (×) before the incorrect sentence and make corrections in the space given below.×1. The couple argued each other right after they got married and refusedto make up.(argued with each other)×?2. The accident was happened right at this spot.(The accident happened …)×??3. Tommy went to the party and he really enjoyed.(enjoyed it)√??4. John really has green fingers. He grows a variety of beautiful flowersin his garden.√??5. Your mother is critically ill. She may not be able to survive this winter.×?6. The boy did not like the new maid. He shouted her every time shetried to touch him.(shouted at)√?7. Can you imagine that Jack called me a thief?√?8. It is quite late now; let me walk you to the bus stop.ClozeComplete the following passage with words chosen from this unit. The initial letter of each is given.When I was a child, I was really proud of having a father who was a well respecteddoctor. I b eamed (1) whenever my teachers said that I was set to become anh onorable (2) man like my father. However, all this changed when I grew into a teenager. I felt a wkward (3) that everybody around me only remembered me as Dr. Song’s son. I p rotested (4) and told them that I would prefer to stand on my own two feet. However, my c omplaints (5) were never taken seriously and I continued to hear c ompliments (6) about me, which were really meant for my father. I then grew very s tubborn (7) and even refused to call my father “Dad.” Although my father f rowned (8) whenever I called hi m “Lao Song,” my attitude towards him, as I now r ecall (9), did not change until I had a car accident one day. I hit a young man’s car and p anicked (10) as he threatened to beat me up when I told him I had no car i nsurance (11). When I got off my car ands urveyed (12) the damage, I could not help g roaning (13). Out of fear, I told him “I’m Dr. Song’s son.” At this, a sign of r ecognition (14) lit up his face; he smiled and forgave me. What could have been a very difficult situation turned out to befine just because I was Dr. Song’s son. How thankful I felt towards my father.TranslationTranslate the following sentences into English, using the words and expressions given in brackets.1) 很多老师不赞同这种做法。

新世纪大学英语综合教程1课后答案第二版秦秀白Unit7InterpersonalReUnit 7 Interpersonal Relationship: Keys to the exercisesEnhance Your Language Aware ness1 Listed in the boxes below are some of the words that you need to be veryfamiliar with. Now work in pairs and make sentences with each of them tosee if you have really mastered their usages. You are encouraged to consult adictionary if you are still not quite sure about their meanings and usage s.1) Every year before Christmas, we decorate our house with colourful light s.2) Mothescoldr ed John for not taking good care of his younger brother when she went out.3) I quickly picked up a stickdefen to d myself when I saw a big dog running towards me.4) Please don’t interrupt — wait until I have finished what I have to say.5) The mother embraced her son warmly as soon as he came into the house .6) Jimmy’s car is quiteancie nt; he bought it 15 years ago and itis still in good condi tion.7) When I arrived I saw that the place had already been occupied by two strangers.8) You have written a very good paper. I only made a few minor changes in the wordi ng.9) At different stages of our life, we encounter different kinds of probl ems.10) If you need any assistance, please let me know and I’ll be more than happy to help.11) Some people tend to blame others for what they themselves have done wrong .12) Children’s education is becoming too heavyburden a for many families to bear these days. 13) I can’t endure to see / endure seeing animals suffer like that.14) Davis was one of the most significant musicians of the lastcentu ry.2 In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Completethe following sentences with them. Change the form where necessary.1) The home address was incomplete, so the letter coulddeliv not be ered.2) His father was finally released after he was proven to beinnoc(无辜的ent ), but he had already spent ten years in prison.3) Did he give you permissionto use his compu ter?4) All rooms in this building are renteto studed nts because it is closeto their university.5) When she recalled her miserable days during the war, my motherwould cry bitterly.6) When I told George that Maggie had refused to help, he explodedand walked out without saying anything.7) She pressed her dress smooth using a hot iron.8) With a(n) motioof his hand, he urgedn us to follow him.9) As soon as she accepted the job, Janet started working with greatenthusiasm. 10) Though she is over seventy, she is blessed with excellent health.11) The old woman was hurt so deeply by what his son had said thatshetremblewith rage.d12) Just complete the attached form and return it in the envelopeprovided. 13) The waiteinquir red whether we would like to sit near the window. 14) You’ve been working all morning — you now deservea rest.3 In the boxes below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Doyou understand their meanings? Do you know how to use them in the propercontext? Now check for yourself by doing theblank-filling exercise. Change theform where neces sary.1) She is a very responsible lady; with her in charge, I am sure nothigo ngwill wrong.2) We were half way on our journey when our car broke down.3) I have lost my watch and I am quite certain I lost it on my wayto thecomputer room.4) The child is very independent. He wants to make all importantdecisions by himse. lf5) This little girl is a dancing genius; she couldin time danceto themu sic as young as three years old.6) Our manager has to deal with all kinds of complaints the staffmembers make. 7) She knew her subject from top to bottom and breezed throutheexgh am in less than an hour.8) Several days had gone by before we found the missing dog.9) To my surprise, I was given the job, even though I had sent in myapplication rather late.Increasing Your Word Power1 A synonym is a word that has the same or nearly the same meaningas anotherword. Now identify synonyms by matching a word in Column A with anotherin Column B. Then complete the sentences with an appropriate word either inColumn A or in Column B. Change the form where necessary.1) They endured hours of backbreaking work in miserable conditions.2) Some of the boys in our class are going to skip today’s class; I wonderhow our teacher will respond to it.3) She is a teacher and spent most of her careein New York.r4) The wearing of seat beltsrequi is red by the law.5) Sally didn’t feel quite well, but still dragged hersewearily out ofbedlf at five o’clock that morning.6) This new play was directed by Mike Johnsassison, ted by Sharon Gale.7) It’s her birthday party so I need a gift of some sort to take along.8) Tom is a stubborn child who won’t obey his mother.9) I’m not joking; I’mserio .us10) From the house come burstmerrys of laughter.11) Our tour deparfrom Heathts row Airport on 31 March and returns16 April. 12) Barbara scolded her son for being so naughty before the honourable guests. 13) There are no significandiffet rences between the two groups ofstudents in terms of their IQ.2 An antonym is a word that means the opposite of another word. Now identifyantonyms by matching a word in Column A with another in Column B. Thencomplete the sentences with an appropriate word either in Column Aor inColumn B1) With no thought for his own safet, he ran into the burniyng buildingto save the child.2) He waited the whole day for her to call him back, but no phone callcame. He was so annoyed that he went to bedmiserab.ly3) Listen! The girls are singicheerng fullyin the next room. They mustb e having a lot of fun together.4) He did his work carelessly. That’s why he made so many mista kes.5) Jim knew absolutelynothi ng about the business when he joined thefirm. 6) He looked rounddespe ratelfor someoy ne to help him.7) The news report does not mention who is to blamefor the traff icaccident. 8) He left his hometown as a poor, working class boy and returned as anextremelwealty hy man.9) I don’t like the boring / dull atmosphere in our class; I thinkeveryone should try to be more active in class.10) She wanted to be the first woman to climb Mount Everest, and shealmost succeeded.3 The words in the box below can be used both as nouns and as verbs. Useeither the noun form or the verb form of the words to complete the followingsentences. Change the form where neces sary.1) I got so madwith him that I slapped him hard across the face; I’mstill feelingsorry for what I did then.2) On my birthday one of my friends gave me a beautiful doll asa(n)prese.nt 3) She finally solved the problem! A smilelit up her face.4) The little donkey struggled underburde a heavy. n5) He was so angry that he reached forward and gave her a(n) slap onthe cheek. 6) Janetprese nted the director with an expensive painting as a partinggift from us all.7) I ordered a chicken and some beer and started eating anddrinkingby myself. 8) The lake was bathed in the soft lightof the moon.9) The government is spending millions of dollars in its attempt tocombat drug abuse(毒品滥用 ).10) She motioned me to come closer and slipped something into myhand.11) The straion the cablen (s 绳缆) supporting the bridge is enormous.12) You can place an onlinordere and they will deliv er the goods to thedoor. 13) They strained the rope between the two posts.14) I don’t want to burdeyou with my probln ems.15) With a sweeping motioof his hand, he said, n “Follow me closely.”16) Helenvolun teereto have the New Year partyd at her house this year. 17) The troops were exhausted after months of fierccomba. te18) She now helps in a local school as a(n) volunteer three days a week.4 Did you notice the suffixes -ness, -ment in words such as illness, disappointmentin this unit? The suffix -ness can be put after many adjectives to form nouns, while -ment can be added to many verbs to form nouns.Now form nouns byadding -ness or -ment to the words given in the table and write down theChinese meaning for each.Adjectives / Verbs Suffixes Nouns Chinese Meaningsaccomplish-ment / -ness accomplishment 成就,造诣,完成adjusadjust tment 调节,调整,校正appoint appointment 约会～约定,任命～委派awareaware ness 意识,知道,觉悟calm calmness 平静,安静,镇静competitive competitiveness 竞争,竞争力develop development 形成,开发,发展effective effectiveness 效力,有效性encourage encouragement 鼓励,赞助,促进impulsiveimpulsiveness 冲动,推动,驱使Complete each of the following sentences with a proper word you have thusformed .1) There has been an increasing awareness that care of the elderly hasbecome a social problem.2) We need encouragemfrom each otherent in order to complete sucha huge project. 3) With so many caregivers around her, the old woman feelsa sense ofsecurity and calmness.4) To ensurcompee titivenessin marke t, the company spares noeffortto improve the quality of its products.5) We are very proud of the accomplishmentsthat we have made overthe past few years.6) If you want to see the director, you need to make a(n) appointmentwith him first.7) When travelling abroad, you should make necesadjustmentsarytothes cultural differences.8) Take your time and think about it twice so as to avoidimpulsiven essin yourdecision.9) A series of clinical trial(临床试验s ) are conducted to test theeffectivenesof the s newly developed medicine.10) There have been significant techndevelologiopmencal in thiscts ountry in the last two decades.Grammar in ContextStudy the following sentences that appear in this unit, paying special attention tothe italicized parts. Reflect on the grammatical function of the present participles,and group them into differenttypes .1) a. Adverbial of time: 2, 4, 62) b. Adverbial of reaso9, 10n:3) c. Adverbial of resul8 t:4) d. Adverbial of accompanying circumstan1, 3, 5, 7ces:Task 1: Rewrite the following sentences using a present participle claus e.1) He sat silent in the corner. He was reading his favorite novel. He sat silent in the corner, reading his favor ite novel.2) When she saw the traffic light turn green, she quickly crossedthe road. Seeing the traffic light turn green, she quickly cross ed the road.3) As he has engaged in the research for many years, he is quite familiar withthe topic.Having engaged in the research for many years, he is quite familiar with the topic .4) He didn’t know where the supermarket was, so he went up to the policemanto ask for directions.Not knowing where the supermarket was, he went up to the policemanto ask fordi rections.5) A new economic stimulus plan is said to be unveiled, and it leads to a surgein the stock market.A new economic stimulus plan is said to be unveiled, leading to a surge in the stock market.Task 2: Rewrite the following sentences to avoid ambiguity or danglingconstruction s.1) Opening the window, a butterfly flew into my study.Opening the window, I saw a butterfly flying into my study .Or: When I opened the window, a butterfly flew into my study .2) Weighing almost 100 pounds, he lifted up the stone with one arm. Weighing almost 100 pounds, the stone was lifted up by him with one arm.Or: Although the stone weighed almost 100 pounds, he lifted it upwith one arm.3) Idling about all day and indulging in games, the teach(使er flunk…不及格)ed the student in the final exam.Idling about all day and indulging in games, the student was flunked by theteacher in the final exam.4) Having lived in the small county for thirty years, everything is familiar to the old man.Having lived in the small county for thirty years, the old man is familiar withe verything.5) Having received the Nobel Prize inliterature, the media(向… bomba连 rded 续提问) Mo Yan with questionsof various types.Having received the Nobel Prize in literature, Mo Yan was bombarded withquestions of various types from the media.ClozeComplete the following passage with words chosen from this unit. The initial letterof each is given .Being a good boss has never been easy for me. The most difficultpart is not about work, but about dealing (1) with relationships at the workplace. As each and every employee in my company is significan(2) to its develt opment, I need to give enough attention (3) and care to everyone and to be approachable to all. At the start of the business, I encountered difficult situations and I was unsure what the best way was to handle them. For example, when an employee made a mistake, Ihesitated about whether to scold (4) him or her. Would I appear to be an impatient (5) boss to my employees if I did so? Would they continue to make mistakes if I was too lenient? Sometimes, I had to settle (6) disputes among the employees if they did not see eye to eye with each other on some tasks. This too was difficult. Should I blame (7) anyparty or should I defend (8) anyone? Howwould I bring them to see their differences and find solutionswithong (9) ut hurtieach other? Sometimes I also encountere(10) diffid cult employees who seemed to feel miserable (11) whatever I did for them. Life has never been easy, but I have learned the ropes along the way. The essential principle is to treat the employees sincerely (12), appreciate their contributions to the company and reward them accordingly. My employees are happy to have me as their boss, and are offering me all the assistance(13) they could . They have great enthusiasm (14) for their work and have contributed significantly to the company’s development. TranslationTranslate the following sentences into English, using the words given in brackets.1) 直起身来，脚要跟上音乐拍子。

新世纪大学英语第二版综合教程1-课文翻译及答案Unit1优等生的秘诀1 一位研究教育的老师针对成绩优异的学生做过重点研究，发现最聪明的学生不见得总能得高分。

根据这位教授、其他教育专家以及优等生们自己的观点，懂得如何充分发挥自己的潜能对于学生来说更为重要。

2 在班上名列前茅的学生之所以学习优秀，是因为他们掌握了几个基本原则。

首先，优等生知道如何决定轻重缓急。

他们从来不会为了打电话、看电视或者吃零食而牺牲学习时间。

换言之，学习总是摆在娱乐之前。

另外，优等生们总是注意随时随地学习。

有位成绩优异的学生同时也是优秀的运动员，每天利用户外训练时间背生物学术语。

而另一位学生则利用每天早上刷牙时间记一个新单词。

所有受访的学生无一例外都认为，在什么时间学习完全是个人偏好问题。

有些人在夜深人静时学习效果最好，有些人则喜欢趁着自己还能清晰地记得上课所讲的内容，一放学回家就开始学习。

尽管如此，所有优等生都一致认为，如果想任何时候都表现优秀，一个主要的因素就是要持之以恒。

3 学生还必须学会有条理。

举个例子，有一位优等生在学校乐队、田径队、橄榄球协会和辩论小组里都很活跃。

他透露，他之所以把东西放得井井有条是因为他浪费不起到处找东西的时间。

还有一位学生喜欢把当天的笔记马上整理出来并放进用不同颜色标记的文件夹里，以便临近考试时能随时用来复习。

优等生们提倡的另一个技巧是有效的阅读，其中包括快速阅读，提高记忆能力以及主动提出问题以便充分理解作者的意思。

4 对于学生们来说，合理安排时间也同样重要。

他们必须懂得如何根据每天的时间表和学习能力来安排做作业和项目的速度，不至于让手头的工作压得喘不过气。

能制定时间表不仅让学生能够腾出更多时间来复习和完善功课，而且还能防止他们拖拖拉拉。

成绩优异的学生认为，他们成功的一大秘诀就是上课时做好笔记，供复习时使用。

有个学生透露，她把从课文上摘抄的内容记在笔记本的一边，把课堂笔记写在另一边。

这样，就可同时复习到两方面的内容。

优等生的秘诀1根据这位教授、其他教育专家以及优等生们自己的观点，懂得如何充分发挥自己的潜能对于学生来说更为重要。

2 在班上名列前茅的学生之所以学习优秀，是因为他们掌握了几个基本原则。

首先，优等生知道如何决定轻重缓急。

他们从来不会为了打电话、看电视或者吃零食而牺牲学习时间。

换言之，学习总是摆在娱乐之前。

另外，优等生们总是注意随时随地学习。

有位成绩优异的学生同时也是优秀的运动员，每天利用户外训练时间背生物学术语。

而另一位学生则利用每天早上刷牙时间记一个新单词。

所有受访的学生无一例外都认为，在什么时间学习完全是个人偏好问题。

有些人在夜深人静时学习效果最好，有些人则喜欢趁着自己还能清晰地记得上课所讲的内容，一放学回家就开始学习。

尽管如此，所有优等生都一致认为，如果想任何时候都表现优秀，一个主要的因素就是要持之以恒。

3 学生还必须学会有条理。

举个例子，有一位优等生在学校乐队、田径队、橄榄球协会和辩论小组里都很活跃。

他透露，他之所以把东西放得井井有条是因为他浪费不起到处找东西的时间。

还有一位学生喜欢把当天的笔记马上整理出来并放进用不同颜色标记的文件夹里，以便临近考试时能随时用来复习。

优等生们提倡的另一个技巧是有效的阅读，其中包括快速阅读，提高记忆能力以及主动提出问题以便充分理解作者的意思。

4 对于学生们来说，合理安排时间也同样重要。

他们必须懂得如何根据每天的时间表和学习能力来安排做作业和项目的速度，不至于让手头的工作压得喘不过气。

能制定时间表不仅让学生能够腾出更多时间来复习和完善功课，而且还能防止他们拖拖拉拉。

成绩优异的学生认为，他们成功的一大秘诀就是上课时做好笔记，供复习时使用。

有个学生透露，她把从课文上摘抄的内容记在笔记本的一边，把课堂笔记写在另一边。

这样，就可同时复习到两方面的内容。

她还透露，她不会浪费下课铃响前的几分钟跟朋友交头接耳，准备随时冲出教室。

相反，她会利用这几分钟用两三句话概括那节课的要点，然后在下次上课前浏览这些笔记，加深印象。