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细菌微量生化鉴定管产品介绍通善生物细菌微量生化鉴定管采用全国首创西林瓶包装。
产品优势1、西林瓶材质坚固，便于运输，包装简易，按铝盖上的箭头方向轻轻一拉撕开铝盖即可打开西林瓶胶塞，免除割伤手的危险。
2、培养方法灵活，对于好氧的反应及培养后需要添加试剂的采用半加塞，对于兼性厌氧或者含有挥发性试剂的采用全加塞，较好地解决安瓿瓶培养过程中存在的问题，具体过程参考使用说明。
3、使用方便提供类型国产常用类型如下：产品货号产品名称包装规格Thw-J2013 葡萄糖生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2014 乳糖生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2015 麦芽糖生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2016 甘露醇生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2017 蔗糖生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2018 阿拉伯糖生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2019 木糖生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2020 蕈糖生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2021 棉子糖生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2022 果糖生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2023 鼠李糖生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2024 半乳糖生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2025 山梨糖生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2026 纤维二糖生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2027 密二糖生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2028 松二糖生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2029 松三糖生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2030 5%乳糖生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2031 10%乳糖生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2032 血清菊糖生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2033 甘露糖生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2034 卫茅醇生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2035 肌醇生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2036 侧金盏花醇生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2037 山梨醇生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2038 赤鲜醇生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2040 阿拉伯醇生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2041 木糖醇生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2042 水杨素生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2043 尿素生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2044 七叶苷生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2045 胆汁七叶苷生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2046 β—半乳糖苷生化鉴定管（ONPG）20支/盒Thw-J2047 硫化氢生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2048 明胶生化鉴定管15支/盒Thw-J2049 淀粉生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2050 糊精生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2051 葡萄糖酸盐生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2052 枸橼酸盐生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2053 醋酸盐生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2054 丙二酸盐生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2055 酒石酸盐生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2056 硝酸盐生化鉴定管（还原）20支/盒Thw-J2057 硝酸盐生化鉴定管（产气）20支/盒Thw-J2058 亚硝酸盐生化鉴定管（产气）20支/盒Thw-J2059 粘液酸生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2060 苯丙氨酸生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2061 乙酰胺生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2062 O-F生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2063 半固体琼脂生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2064 40%胆汁生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2065 葡萄糖胺生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2066 青化钾生长试验管20支/盒Thw-J2067 青化钾对照管20支/盒Thw-J2068 6.5%高盐肉汤生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2069 PH9.5肉汤生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2070 蛋白胨水生化鉴定管（霍乱红反应用）20支/盒Thw-J2071 无盐胨水生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J 2072 葡萄糖磷酸盐蛋白胨水生化鉴定管（MR、VP）20支/盒Thw-J2073 鸟氨酸脱羧酶生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2074 赖氨酸脱羧酶生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2075 精氨酸脱羧酶生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2076 精氨酸双水解酶生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2077 氨基酸脱羧酶对照生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2078 精氨酸双水解酶对照生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2079 蛋白胨水生化鉴定管（靛基质用）20支/盒Thw-J2080 马尿酸钠生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2081 0.1%美蓝牛乳生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2082 胆汁溶菌生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2083 胆汁溶菌对照生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2084 DNA 20支/盒Thw-J2085 葡萄糖生化鉴定管（产气）20支/盒Thw-J2086 D-核糖生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2087 N-乙酰葡萄糖胺生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2088 苦杏仁苷生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2089 O-F生化鉴定管（葡萄球菌）20支/盒Thw-J2090 丙酮酸钠生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2091 葡萄糖生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2092 乳糖生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2093 麦芽糖生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2094 甘露糖生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2095 蔗糖生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2096 木糖生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2097 果糖生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2098 鼠李糖生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2099 半乳糖生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2100 蕈糖生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2101 甘露醇生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2102 侧金盏花醇生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2105 鸟氨酸脱羧酶生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2106 赖氨酸脱羧酶生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2107 氨基酸脱羧酶对照生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2108 乙酰胺生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2109 硝酸盐生化鉴定管(还原)20支/盒Thw-J2110 硝酸盐生化鉴定管（产气）20支/盒Thw-J2111 亚硝酸盐生化鉴定管（产气）20支/盒Thw-J2112 硫化氢生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2113 西蒙氏枸橼酸盐生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2114 蛋白胨水（靛基质用）20支/盒Thw-J2115 DNA生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2116 尿素生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2117 七叶苷生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2118 β-半乳糖苷生化鉴定管(ONPG) 20支/盒Thw-J2119 半固体琼脂生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2120 精氨酸双水解酶生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2121 精氨酸双水解酶对照生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2122 无糖对照生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2123 1%NaC1葡萄糖生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2124 1%NaC1甘露醇生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2125 1%NaC1甘露糖生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2126 1%NaC1蔗糖生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2127 1%NaC1阿拉伯糖生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2128 1%NaC1西蒙氏枸橼酸盐生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2129 1%NaC1肌醇生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2130 1%NaC1水杨素生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2131 1%NaC1鸟氨酸脱羧酶生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2132 1%NaC1赖氨酸脱羧酶生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2133 1%NaC1精氨酸脱羧酶生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2134 1%NaC1氨基酸脱羧酶对照生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2135 1%NaC1精氨酸双水解酶生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2136 1%NaC1精氨酸双水解酶对照生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2137 1%NaC1蛋白胨水生化鉴定管(靛基质用) 20支/盒Thw-J2138 1%NaC1葡萄糖磷酸盐胨水生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2139 霍乱红胨水生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2140 无盐胨水生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2141 3%NaC1胨水生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2142 6%NaC1胨水生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2143 7%NaC1胨水生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2144 8%NaC1胨水生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2145 9%NaC1胨水生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2146 10%NaC1胨水生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2147 11%NaC1胨水生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2148 3.5%NaC1葡萄糖生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2149 3.5%NaC1乳糖生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2150 3.5%NaC1蔗糖生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2151 3.5%NaC1赖氨酸脱羧酶生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2152 3.5%NaC1精氨酸脱羧酶生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2153 3.5%NaC1鸟氨酸脱羧酶生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2154 3.5%NaC1氨基酸脱羧酶对照生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2155 3.5%NaC1葡萄糖磷酸盐蛋白胨水生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2156 3.5%NaC1硫化氢生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2157 3.5%NaC1甘露醇生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2158 3.5%NaC1蛋白胨水生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2159 葡萄糖生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2160 麦芽糖生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2161 乳糖生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2162 蔗糖生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2163 硝酸盐还原生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2164 普通琼脂生化鉴定管（不含兔血清）20支/盒Thw-J2165 葡萄糖生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2166 乳糖生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2167 麦芽糖生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2168 蔗糖生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2169 棉子糖生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2170 蕈糖生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2171 葡萄糖蛋白胨水生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2172 卫茅醇生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2173 松三糖生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2174 半乳糖生化鉴定管20支/盒Thw-J2001 肠杆菌科细菌生化编码鉴定管11种*10支Thw-J2002 肠杆菌科细菌生化编码鉴定管15种*10支Thw-J2003 非发酵细菌生化编码鉴定管11种*10支Thw-J2004 非发酵细菌生化编码鉴定管15种*10支Thw-J2005 弧菌科细菌生化编码鉴定管9种*10支Thw-J2006 弧菌科细菌生化编码鉴定管16种*10支Thw-J2007 副溶血性弧菌生化编码鉴定管11种*10支Thw-J2008 奈瑟氏菌属细菌生化鉴定管7种*10支Thw-J2009 葡萄球菌属细菌生化鉴定管11种*10支Thw-J2010 十六种常见葡萄球菌生化鉴定管16种*10支Thw-J2011 酵母样真菌同化试验鉴定管15种*5支Thw-J2012 霍乱弧菌生化鉴定管11种*10支。
临床生化实验报告实验名称：吸量管与加样器的使用实验目的：掌握吸量管和加样器的使用，比较两者的准确度实验原理：①吸量管是用于准确量取一定体积液体的量出式的玻璃仪器。
②加样器是精密量器，只能在特定范围内使用，移液范围选择在满量程的35%到100%时，可以保证最佳的准确性和重复性，尽量避免将移液器量程设置为最大值的10%以下。
实验材料：自来水实验仪器：洗耳球、吸量管、加样器、烧杯、电子天平实验操作步骤：1.使用移液管，首先要看一下移液管标记、准确度等级、刻度标线位置等。
2．吸液：用右手的拇指和中指捏住移液管的上端，将管的下口插入欲吸取的1号烧杯中的水中，插入不要太深或太浅（一般1-2cm处）。
左手拿洗耳球，接在管的上口把液体慢慢吸入，先吸入该容量的1/3左右，用右手的食指按住管口，取出，横持，并转动管子使液体接触到刻度以上部位，以置换内壁的水分，然后将溶液从管的下口放出并弃去，如此反复洗3次后，即可吸取溶液至刻度以上5mm处，立即用右手的食指按住管口。
2.将空烧杯放置在调平的电子天平上并置零。
3．调节液面:将移液管向上提升离开液面，用滤纸将沾在移液管外壁的液体擦掉，管的末端靠在盛溶液的1号烧杯的内壁上，管身保持垂直，略为放松食指（有时可微微转动吸管）使管内溶液慢慢从下口流出，直至溶液的弯月面底部与标线相切为止，立即用食指压紧管口。
将尖端的液滴靠壁去掉，移出移液管，插入承接溶液的2号烧杯中。
4.放出溶液：将管的末端与2号烧杯内壁接触，移开食指，将移液管内的液体放入烧杯中。
并记录烧杯此时的重量，即为移液管内的水的重量。
5.将上述操作再重复两次，并记录下数据。
6.在吸液杆上安装与吸取量匹配的洗液嘴，套紧7.右手握住加样器，用拇指把“推进按钮”向下按到第一档位，将吸液嘴尖头浸入一号烧杯中1-3mm深度，在缓慢放开“推进按钮”，使其返回远处，停留1-2秒后，将吸液嘴离开溶液8.目测吸入体积是否合理，注意不要有气泡9.将3号烧杯放在电子天平上清零9．把吸液嘴尖头轻轻轻轻地接触3号烧杯内壁，成15-20°角倾斜，将推进按钮向下按到第一静止点，停留1-2秒，再按到第二档位，排出尖头残液，此时的重量即为加样器取出水的质量，观察并记录数据⑤将上述操作重复三次后记录数据⑥使用完毕，将吸头嘴卸下。
细菌鉴定中常用的生理生化反应录入时间:2009-8-13 15:12:12 来源：中国生命科技论坛1、实验原理（1）细菌生化试验各种细菌所具有的酶系统不尽相同，对营养基质的分解能力也不一样，因而代谢产物或多或少地各有区别，可供鉴别细菌之用。
用生化试验的方法检测细菌对各种基质的代谢作用及其代谢产物，从而鉴别细菌的种属，称之为细菌的生化反应。
（2）糖（醇）类发酵试验不同的细菌含有发酵不同糖（醇）的酶，因而发酵糖（醇）的能力各不相同。
其产生的代谢产物亦不相同，如有的产酸产气，有的产酸不产气。
酸的产生可利用指示剂来判定。
在配制培养基时预先加入溟甲酚紫［P HS . 2 （黄色）一6 . 8 （紫色）] ，当发酵产酸时，可使培养基由紫色变为黄色。
气体产生可由发酵管中倒置的杜氏小管中有无气泡来证明。
（3）甲基红（Methylred ）试验（该试验简称MR 试验）很多细菌，如大肠杆菌等分解葡萄糖产生丙酮酸，丙酮酸再被分解，产生甲酸、乙酸、乳酸等，使培养基的pH 降低到4 . 2 以下，这时若加甲基红指示剂呈现红色。
因甲基红指示剂变色范围是pH4 . 4 （红色）一pH6 . 2 （黄色）。
若某些细菌如产气杆菌，分解葡萄糖产生丙酮酸，但很快将丙酮酸脱梭，转化成醇等物，则培养基的pH 仍在6 . 2 以上，故此时加入甲基红指示剂，呈现黄色。
（4）大分子物质代谢实验．靛基质（口引睬）试验某些细菌，如大肠杆菌，能分解蛋白质中的色氨酸，产生靛基质（叫睬），靛基质与对二甲基氨基苯甲醛结合，形成玫瑰色靛基质（红色化合物）。
硫化氢试验某些细菌能分解含硫的氨基酸（肌氨酸、半肌氨酸等），产生硫化氢，硫化氢与培养基中的铅盐或铁盐，形成黑色沉淀硫化铅或硫化铁。
为硫化氢试验阳性，可借以鉴别细菌。
明胶液化实验某些细菌具有胶原酶，使明胶被分解，失去凝固能力，呈现液体状态，是为阳性。
淀粉水解试验（在紫外诱变中做，本实验不做）细菌对大分子的淀粉不能直接利用，须靠产生的胞外酶（淀粉酶）将淀粉水解为小分子糊精或进一步水解为葡萄糖（或麦芽糖），再被细菌吸收利用，细菌水解淀粉的过程可通过底物的变化来证明，即用碘测定不再产生蓝色。
细菌的生理、生化实验简介微生物生化反应是指用化学反应来测定微生物的代谢产物，生化反应常用来鉴别一些在形态和其它方面不易区别的微生物。
因此微生物生化反应是微生物分类鉴定中的重要依据之一,微生物检验中常用的生化反应介绍如下：一、糖酵解试验不同微生物分解利用糖类的能力有很大差异，或能利用或不能利用，能利用者，或产气或不产气。
可用指示剂及发酵管检验。
试验方法：以无菌操作，用接种针或环移取纯培养物少许，接种于发酵液体培养基管中，若为半固体培养基，则用接种针作穿刺接种。
接种后，置36±°C培养，每天观察结果，检视培养基颜色有无改变（产酸），小倒管中有无气泡，微小气泡亦为产气阳性，若为半固体培养基，则检视沿穿刺线和管壁及管底有无微小气泡，有时还可看出接种菌有无动力，若有动力，培养物可呈弥散生长。
本试验主要是检查细菌对各种糖、醇和糖苷等的发酵能力，从而进行各种细菌的鉴别，因而每次试验，常需同时接种多管。
一般常用的指示剂为酚红、溴甲酚紫，溴百里蓝和An-drade指示剂。
二、淀粉水解试验某些细菌可以产生分解淀粉的酶，把淀粉水解为麦芽糖或葡萄糖。
淀粉水解后，遇碘不再变蓝色。
试验方法：以18~24h的纯培养物，涂布接种于淀粉琼脂斜面或平板（一个平板可分区接种，试验数种培养物）或直接移种于淀粉肉汤中，于36±1°C培养24~48h，或于20℃培育5天。
然后将碘试剂直接滴浸于培育表面，假设为液体培育物，那么加数滴碘试剂于试管中。
当即检视结果，阳性反映（淀粉被分解）为琼脂培育基呈深蓝色、菌落或培育物周围显现无色透明环、或肉汤颜色无转变。
阴性反映那么无透明环或肉汤呈深蓝色。
淀粉水解系逐步进行的过程，因而试验结果与菌种产生淀粉酶的能力、培养时间，培养基含有淀粉量和pH等均有一定关系。
培养基pH必须为中性或微酸性，以最适。
淀粉琼脂平板不宜保存于冰箱，因而以临用时制备为妥。
三：V-P试验某些细菌在葡萄糖蛋白胨水培养基中能分解葡萄糖产生丙酮酸，丙酮酸缩合，脱羧成乙酰甲基甲醇，后者在强碱环境下，被空气中的氧氧化为二乙酰，二乙酰与蛋白胨中的胍基生成红色化合物，称V－P（+）反应。
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The fit of the tip cone is optimal for use with VITLAB ® pipette tips.Calibration functionThe integrated calibration function allows an adjustment without tools. A change to the factory settings is indicated by the red ad-justment slider which becomes visible.Volume settingThe desired volume can be set exactly by rotating the volume-setting wheel. The 4-digit volume display with zoom function ensures optimal readability.3positive displacement piston is in direct contact with the pipette liquid. In contrast, the p iston (1) of air-interface pipettes has no direct contact with the pipetted liquid (2). Instead, an air-inter-face (3) keeps the liquid sepa-rated from the piston.Fields of applicationI n contamination-free environ-ments or applications where sterile conditions are required, it is of major importance that the device not be in contactwith the pipetted liquid. 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The pipette tips can be rapidly replaced making the air-interface pipettes ideally suited for the fast pipetting required in longer test series.132Central, large pipetting button Simple volume adjustment Large, ergonomic ejection buttonErgonomic finger rest Precise, 4-digit volume displayColor-codedStreamlined shaft for use in narrow reaction vessels Corrosion-resistant piston and ejector Leightweight but still robust Completely autoclavable at 121 °CCE-marked Integrated calibration functionThe combination of the stepped design of the ejector and special rings made of FKM reduces the effort needed for ejecting the tips6Handling of air-interface pipettesDischarge sample• P lace the pipette tip(s) against the wall of the receiving vessel• P ress the pipetting button slowly and evenly down to the second stop (over-stroke) to empty the tip(s) completely • E nsure while discharging the sample that the tip(s) are not immersed into the liquid that might be in the receiving vessel • W ipe the pipette tip(s) against the receiv-ing vessel wall over a distance of approx. 10 mmEfficiencyin variable pipettingEjecting the tip(s)• K eep the pipetting button pressed whileremoving the pipette from the receiving vessel• L et the pipetting button slide back slowly• P ress the tip ejection key to remove the tip(s)• C orrectly dispose of pipette tip(s)• S tore the pipette in an upright position when not in use (VITLAB ® bench top rack/ shelf mount)Aspirate sample • A djust volume• U se the correct tip(s) according to the volume range (Color-Code)• P ress the pipetting button to the first stop and keep the button pressed • I mmerse the pipette tip(s) 2 to 6 mm into the liquid (depending on volume)• L et the pipetting button slide back slowly while holding the pipette in an upright position (the liquid will be aspirated)7F or exact and precise analytical results, the fol-lowing points should be considered, independent of the pipetting technique:• T he best results are obtained with pipette tips that are recommended by the manufacturer, since only they have been checked for an opti-mal fit with the pipette.• A second important factor that can influence the analytical result is the quality of the tip mate-rial. 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New to the range are empty boxes that can be filled with VITLAB® tips by the user.B ulk tips are now delivered in resealable bags to minimize the risk of contamination in the lab.NEW:Pipette tips free of DNA and RNase Optimised packaging system11Transparent window for checkingthe number of remaining tipsEasy to open and closewith only one hand13Pipette tipsHigh purityPackaging variationsA pplications in molecular biology and biochemicalanalysis require a high level of purity in order not to adulterate results of experiments. Molecules ande nzymes such as DNA, RNases and endotoxins are very stable and cannot be completely inactivated or destroyed by sterilization procedures. RNases may even fold back after denaturation. When working with microorganisms and nucleic acids a common difficulty is their ubiquitous occurrence (on hands, in saliva); therefore, for example, it is essential to wear gloves. 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Due to the new design and functionality, Tip-Boxes up to 1000 µl are stackable and their format now conforms to the common 96 (8x12) unit format.NEW: Resealable bagsAll tips up to 1000 µl are produced under cleanroom conditions, automatically shrink-wrapped in reclosable bags and packaged in cartons. The article number, volume range and lot number of the tips are printed on every bag.NEW: Tip-Box (up to 1000 μl)PP box with functional hinged and snap-on lid. For all volume ranges up to 1000 µl in practical 8x12 format. Stack-able and autoclavable at 121 °C accord-ing to DIN EN 285.Tip-Box 5/10 mlPP box with fitted lid. Filled with 5 ml (28 pcs.) or 10 ml (18 pcs.) tips. The box is autoclavable at 121 °C according to DIN EN 285.14Pipette tipsV ITLAB ®pipette tips are made from high-quality polypropylene and are autoclavable at 121 °C (2 bar) according toDIN EN 285. The raw material used is free from additives such as DiHEMDA (di(2-hydroxyethyl) methyldodecylammonium) and oleamide (9-octadecenamide) that often cause interference, particularly in biologi-cal labs. All pipette tips up to 1000 µl in any packaging variation are from now on free of DNA (< 40 fg), RNase (< 8.6 fg), endotoxins (< 1 pg) and ATP (< 1 fg).The pipette tips are conformity certified, CE marked according to the IVD guideline 98/79 EC and optimally suited for VITLAB ® micropipettes.F urthermore, the tips are compatible with most pipette models from BRAND, GILSON ®, Thermo Fisher ScientificFINNPIPETTE ®, Eppendorf ® and sartorius ® Biohit ®. The 5 ml tip is only tested for VITLAB, BRAND and Thermo Fisher Scientific FINNPIPETTE ®. The 10 ml tip is only tested for VITLAB, BRAND, Eppendorf ® and GILSON ®. Note: Pipette shafts are subject to modification and should be checked before use. The fit depends on the manufacturer, pipette type, serial number, and date of manufacture, among other things.PP , non-sterile with graduation at 2 and 10 µl. Length: 46 mm. Slim tip for contact-free pipetting into microtiter plates. Tip-Box with gray mounting plate for easy identification; palletized tips are colourless.PP , non-sterile with graduation at 20 and 100 µl. Length: 50 mm. Tip-Box with yellow mounting plate for easy identification; palletized tips are colourless. Tips in bags are coloured yellow.Variation PackagingPU Cat. No.Bag, Standard 2 bags with 1000 tips 2000148894Bag, Maxi 10 bags with 1000 tips10000155494Tip-Box, filled Box with 96 tips on gray mounting plate 5149794Tip-Box, emptyBox with gray mounting plate, without tips1155400Variation PackagingPUCat. No.Bag, Standard 1 bag with 1000 tips1000148994Bag, Maxi 10 bags with with 1000 tips10000155694Tip-Box, filled Box with 96 tips on yellow mounting plate 5149994Tip-Box, emptyBox with yellow mounting plate, without tips115560015PP , non-sterile with graduation at 250, 500 and 1000 µl. Length: 70 mm. Tip-Box with blue mounting plate; palletized tips are colorless. Tips in bags are coloured blue.PP , non-sterile. Length: 160 mm. Diameter: approx. 9.6 mm.Slim shape for pipetting into narrow vessels such as measuring flasks with NS 12/21.PP , non-sterile. Length: 156.5 mm. Diameter: approx. 15 mm.Variation PackagingPU Cat. No.Bag, Standard 1 bag with 1000 tips 1000149094Bags, Maxi 10 bags with 1000 tips10000155894Tip-Box, filled Box with 96 tips on green mounting plate 5150094Tip-Box, emptyBox with green mounting plate, without tips1155800Variation PackagingPU Cat. No.Bags, Standard 2 bags with 500 tips 1000149194Bags, Maxi 10 bags with 500 tips5000155994Tip-Box, filled Box with 96 tips on blue mounting plate 5150194Tip-Box, emptyBox with blue mounting plate, without tips1155900Variation PackagingPU Cat. No.Bag, Standard 1 bag with 200 tips 200146294Tip-Box, filledBox with 28 tips1150294Variation PackagingPU Cat. No.Bag, Standard 2 bags with 100 tips200146494Tip-Box, filledBox with 18 tips1150394More informationabout VITLAB ®?We will be happy to send you more information aboutV I TLAB ® laboratory products for volume measurement V I TLAB ® laboratory products for saving and storing V I TLAB ® catalogue with complete product range ort he options for customized imprints on VITLAB ® laboratory products.3251, p r i n t e d i n G e r m a n y , 0614VITLAB GmbH • Linus-Pauling-Str. 1 • 63762 Grossostheim • Germanytel: +49 (0) 6026 9 77 99-0 • fax: +49 (0) 6026 9 77 99-30 • e-mail:***************• 。
竭诚为您提供优质文档/双击可除细菌的生理生化鉴定篇一：细菌生理生化鉴定实验九细菌的生理生化试验[日期：20XX-5-30]来源：作者：孔庆学[字体：大中小]实验九细菌的生理生化试验1目的1.1了解细菌鉴定中常用的生理生化试验反应原理1.2掌握测定细菌生理生化反应的技术和方法2原理各种微生物在代谢类型上表现了很大的差异。
由于细菌特有的单细胞原核生物的特性，这种差异就表现的更加明显。
不同细菌分解、利用糖类、脂肪类和蛋白类物质的能力不同，所以其发酵的类型和产物也不相同，也就是说，不同微生物具有不同的酶系统。
即使在分子生物学技术和手段不断发展的今天，细菌的生理生化反应在菌株的分类鉴定中仍有很大作用。
3材料3.1菌种大肠埃希氏菌（escherichiacoli）、产气肠杆菌（enterobacteraerogenes）、普通变形杆菌（proteus vulgaris）、枯草芽孢杆菌（bacillussubtilis）的斜面菌种3.2培养基葡萄糖蛋白胨水培养基、蛋白胨水培养基、糖发酵培养基（葡萄糖、乳糖或蔗糖）3.3试剂40％naoh溶液、肌酸、甲基红试剂、吲哚试剂、乙醚、1.6%溴甲基酚紫指示剂。
3.4器具超净工作台、恒温培养箱、高压灭菌锅、试管、移液管、杜氏小套管。
4流程糖发酵试验→V-p试验→甲基红试验→吲哚试验5步骤(一)糖类发酵试验1目的了解不同细菌分解利用糖的能力及实验原理，并掌握其操作方法．2原理可根据细菌分解利用糖能力的差异表现出是否产酸产气作为鉴定菌种的依据。
是否产酸，可在糖发酵培养基中加入指示剂溴甲酚紫（即b.c.p指示剂，其ph在5.2以下呈黄色，ph在6.8以上呈紫色），经培养后根据指示剂的颜色变化来判断。
是否产气，可在发酵培养基中放入倒置杜氏小管观察。
3材料3.2菌种大肠埃希氏菌（escherichiacoli）、产气肠杆菌（enterobacteraerogenes）、普通变形杆菌（proteus vulgaris）的斜面菌种3.３培养基葡萄糖、蔗糖和乳糖发酵培养液试管４流程发酵液试管→标记→接种→培养→观察→记录5步骤5.1试管标记图9-1糖发酵产气取分别装有葡萄糖、蔗糖和乳糖发酵培养液试管各Ａ不产气；Ｂ产气4支，每种糖发酵试管中均分别标记大肠杆菌、产气肠杆菌、普通变形菌和空白对照。
乳酸菌套装生化鉴定管使用说明书规格：11支/盒产品用途：主要用于乳酸杆菌的生化鉴定保存：2-8℃避光保存，有效期1年。
使用方法：1、实验准备：从包装盒中取出安瓿瓶，用砂轮在瓶颈上划一圈，朝易折点（瓶颈上方蓝点），反方向用力折开安瓿瓶，插入安瓿瓶试管架中。
如果染菌或变色，则不能使用，重新拿一支。
2、接种方法：直接接种：用接种针从平板上挑取已纯化培养的同一菌落接种于需要试验的生化管中。
菌悬液法：取一内盛2ml无菌水或无菌生理盐水试管，用接种针从纯化培养的平板上挑取单个菌落至无菌水中仔细研磨制成0.5麦氏浊度的均一细菌悬液，滴入需要试验的试管中，每管3滴。
其中固体和半固体生化管采用穿剌接种。
3、接种完后置36℃±1℃培养。
（用封口膜封口，封口膜应用75酒精擦拭灭菌，成套生化管中附带有）套装组成及判断方法：产品名称结果判断培养时间（h）备注阳性阴性七叶苷黄色或黑色紫色或紫灰色24-48用无菌液体石蜡覆盖液面纤维二糖黄色紫色或紫灰色24-48麦芽糖黄色紫色或紫灰色24-48甘露醇黄色紫色或紫灰色24-48水杨苷黄色紫色或紫灰色24-48山梨醇黄色紫色或紫灰色24-48第1页，共2页蔗糖黄色紫色或紫灰色24-48棉子糖黄色紫色或紫灰色24-48菊糖黄色紫色或紫灰色24-48乳糖黄色紫色或紫灰色24-481%马尿酸钠深紫色淡紫色或无色36℃±1℃水浴放置2h培养结束后，沿着试管壁缓缓加入0.2ml茚三酮溶液，不要振荡，在36℃±1℃的水浴或培养箱中放置10min后判读结果。
第2页，共2页。
