Questionnaire for Starbucks

2020上海金山高三英语二模I.Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. In a hospital. B. In a school.C. In a kindergarten.D. In a tourist office.2. A. Improving her cooking skills. B. Tasting the food made by Tom.C. Having a picnic.D. Showcasing her talents to Tom.3. A. Supportive.B. Hesitant.C. Indifferent.D. Disapproving.4. A. In January.B. Until winter vacation.C. During Christmas season.D. Right now.5. A. The foundation of the theatre. B. A change to the theatre.1/ 37C. The removal of the seats.D. The figure of the audience.6. A. It can help to find the patients easilyB. It can record patients' conditions.C. It gives patients medical advice.D. It makes records available to doctors and nurses.7. A. He doesn't want to draw.B. He prefers to make the labor division himself.C. He is good at drawing.D. He is happy because he doesn't have to draw.8. A. The key to the woman's success.B. The changes on the market.C. The management of the woman's company.D. The feeling of being a manager.9. A. To paint the doors. B. To paint the ceiling.C. To continue his job.D. To take the job home2/ 3710. A. Because she is accustomed to the food there.B. Because the food is better there than at the school dining hall.C. Because it is a quiet place.D. Because they can't go to the school dining hall.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear several passages and longer conversations, after each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversations will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Factors determining intelligence.B. A story of identical twins.C. The importance of intelligence.D. How to get a higher IQ.12. A. Because only one could enter college.B. Because they were abandoned by their parents.C. Because their parents died when they were only babies.D. Because the psychologists did an experiment researching human intelligence.13. A. John got a better education than his identical brother. Peter.B. Children growing up in wealthy families are smarter.3/ 37C. Environment is important to the development of one's intelligence.D. An isolated community has more educational opportunities.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Unwrapping a new album.B. Having a newly-bought car.C. Entering a newly-purchased house.D. Having access to an online account.15. A. It is nice to share the account on Amazon.B. The sharing economy makes full use of cars.C. Consumers consider ownership more important than access.D. The sharing economy makes clear relationship between consumers and products.16. A. The sharing economy develops car manufacturing.B. It is good for environment to increase the usage of goods.C. The sharing economy reshapes the market and benefits people.D. In the sharing economy, companies bridge the gap between people and resources.Questions 17 and 18 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Products.B. Locations.4/ 37C. Coffee making techniques.D. Staff quality.18. A. She made a questionnaire.B. She talked with customers.C. She wrote a handbook for the employeesD. She applied for a job at Starbucks.19. A. Customers are especially concerned about the service of a cafe.B. The more expensive the coffee beans and milk, the better the coffee is.C. Customers want more varieties of coffee.D. Customers rely on the brand image when they are making choices.20. A. Because the manual will be the latest version.B. Because it will tell customers detailed product information.C. Because it includes important policies and procedures.D. Because employees enjoy reading it.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.A ban on distracted walking5/ 37You can’t walk down the street without passing so-called “smart-phone zombies（僵尸）.” They are too absorbed in their screen (21) _________ (watch) where they are going. Almost four in ten people admit having suffered a technology-related small accident (22) _________ they pay more attention to their electronic device than to the pavement.Now the city of Honolulu, Hawaii, has decided it’s time to take immediate action and make it illegal to cross the road while using a mobile phone. Those (23) _________ (catch) using phones, tablets or other electronic devices at crossing points could face a fine of up to $ 100.Honolulu is the first major U. S. city to ban (24) _________ is called “distracted walking.” It comes after a study found there (25) _________ (be) more than 11,000 injuries in the United States resulting from phone-related distraction while walking in the past few years.To explain the decision, mayor Kirk Caldwell said, “We hold the unfortunate honor of being a major city (26) _________ more pedestrians are hit in crosswalks than almost any other city in the country.”Under the fine systems. (27) _________ breaks this law for the first time will get a fine of $15 to $35. People breaking the law for a second or third time will get a $99 fine.The law, which is called the Distracted Walking Law, does permit an exception. Pedestrians (28) _________ use such devices in the street to call emergency services and rescue workers, such as firefighters and police officers.If you still want to text while walking, you could avoid (29) _________ (fine) in Honolulu by using a voice-controlled digital assistant such as Siri or Google Assistant. Or you could just wait (30) _________ you are again, safely, off the street.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.6/ 37Giving kids allowances in the smart-phoneAllowances are a constant. No matter how much technology interferes with the parent-childrelationship, kids still want money and parents still want to impart（赋予）a basic work ethic. But putting stickers on chore（日常事务）charts and dropping coins in piggy banks don’t cut it with the smart-phone generation.Parents in search of more _____31_____ ways to teach children the value of money are turning to allowance-tracking apps, where kids can see their ______32______ rise and fall in real time.Bonnie Koon, a mother of three in Crawfordville, Fla., used to post a calendar on her refrigerator _____33______ her kids chores, to the embarrassment of her 16-year-old twins. After seeing a Facebook ad for the app Green-light, she ____34_____ it.Green-light links to parents’ bank accounts so that the payout can be seamless. Parents can encourage saving by paying interest on the money that isn’t spent ____35____ -- interest out of the parents’ own pockets, of course.It’s the first taste of ____36____ freedom for many kids, and it’s set in a relatively safe environment. Parents can determine spending limits and choose the retailers（零售商）where a child can make _____37_____. If a child attempts to buy something at an unapproved store or to spend more than the limit, the transaction（交易）is _____38_____ and parents get a notification. And if a kid loses the card, parents can immediately cancel it from the app.One of Ms. Koon’s twins. Brenna, works part time at a restaurant. She’s putting half of her pay check into a car-insurance savings fund she set up in the app, whit the goal of saving $450 by July. With each _____39______, the app gives Brenna a progress update.Some parents might worry that relying on apps to get kids to do chores only encourages themto be on their phones more. But parents who have chosen this approach argue that they are meeting7/ 37their kids where they are and that it takes the _____40_____ nagging（唠叨）out of the equation. The real-time look at their accounts makes the concepts of saving and spending more tangible than reviewing a bank statement.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.If you like to take a walk in the woods in the United States or you prefer to decorate a tree at Christmas, you should know that climate change is making both of those activities a lot more ____41____.Looking at two ____42____ and economically important species -- the Douglas fir and the Ponderosa pine -- scientists found that fires and drought _____43_____ by climate change make new growth difficult, especially in low-elevation forests, according to a study published Monday in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.Some forests in four regions in California, Colorado, the Northern Rockies and the southwestern part of the United States have crossed “a(n) ____44____ climate tipping（转折）point for post-fire tree generation,” the study says.Climate conditions over the past 20 years have _____45_____ changes that would have taken decades or even centuries to ____46____ across broad regions of the country. This is leading to the sudden _____47_____ of trees and making these lands increasingly unsuitable for tree regeneration.“Climate changes is _____48_____ our forests now, not just in some distant future. Maybe in areas where there are really _____49_____ seed sources, there could be some trees, but it is becoming really hard to get these trees back due to climate change,” said study co-author Kim Davis.8/ 37The problem probably won’t get any better, as climate change is making intense wildfires much more _____50_____. Western foresters say there used to be a fire season. But devastating and ____51____ fires have become a reality all year long. In 2018, fire cost California more than $9.05 billion, according to the USA insurance commissioner, the deadliest and most destructive wildfires season in the ______52______ history.A higher number of fires and low seed availability means a high probability that these trees in these regions won’t come back, Davis said. This study _____53______ on the driest and hottest areas of the Western forests, but researchers will next try to focus on how much will be impacted._____54____, there are some things people can do to ease some of this problem. Forest management plans that reduce high-severity burns can help. Increasingly, forest managers are considering allowing some fires to burn under more moderate conditions, Davis said, Forest _____55_____.41. A. convenient B. difficult C. encouraging D. frustrating42. A. ecologically B. apparently C. physically D. financially43. A. destroyed B. worsened C. extended D. established44. A. necessary B. enormous C. critical D. invisible45. A. accelerated B. delayed C. eliminated D. strengthened46. A. transform B. spread C. preserve D. escape47. A. extinction B. decline C. tragedy D. increase48. A. sustaining B. abandoning C. facilitating D. endangering49. A. sufficient B. limited C. moderate D. approximate50. occasional B. common C. essential D. temporary51. A. astonishing B. hopeless C. costly D. irreversible9/ 3752. A. world B. state C. human D. forest53. A. concentrated B. depended C. insisted D. commented54. A. As a result B. For example C. In fact D. What’s more55. A. savers B. managers C. researchers D. advocatesSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)EU members’ states have agreed to ban a toxic substance widely found in clothing because it poses an “acceptable risk” to the environment. Countries voted in favor of extending existing restrictions on nonylphenol ethoxylates (NPE) to imports to clothing and other textile products.The measure is intended to protect species in water. Use of NPE in textile manufature in Europe was banned over 10 years ago but the substance is still released into the water environment through imported textiles being washed.NPE degrades in the environment into substances including nonylphenol (NP), which accumulates in the bodies of fish and disturbs their hormones, harming fertility, growth and sexual development.NPE is used in textile manufacture as a cleaning and dyeing agent. The EU decision notes that several studies have found NPE to be present in textile items.A 2011 study by Greenpeace found NPE in two-thirds of clothes tested, including items sold10/ 37by big-name brads such as Adidas, H&M, Lacoste, and Ralph Lauren. The NGO (Non-Governmental Organizations) argued that although concentrations of NPE found in the clothes were low, the chemical’s existence in the environment posed a risk.The new ban on textiles containing NPE in concentrations equal to or greater than 0.01% will enter into force five years after it is adopted by the European Commission, which is likely to happen in September.In comments submitted to ECHA (European Chemicals Agency), clothing and textile firms have warned that obeying the restriction will be difficult because NPE ubiquitous in the supply chain and has numerous uses.The new restriction will not apply to second-hand goods or recycled textiles because it is assumed that these will already have been washed several times so they contain negligible（微不足道的）amounts of NPE.EU countries must eliminate pollution of water bodies by NP as it is a priority substance under the Water Framework Directive. A 2013 study by the UK environment agency warned that emissions from textiles could prevent progress towards this objective. It found 29% of imported cotton underwear contained NPE, which was released during the first two washes by the consumer.56. The 2011 study by Greenpeace found _________.A. 29% of imported cotton underwear contained NPEB. NPE had limited effects on aquatic speciesC. NPE was widely present in textile productsD. clothes of good quality had no concentrations of NPE57. What’s the possible meaning of the underlined part “is ubiquitous” is Paragraph 7?A. is legally protectedB. is not easy to be found11/ 37C. seems to be every whereD. is uncommon58. What can we learn from the text?A. The original ban on use of NPE was very effective.B. Recycled textile contain less NPE.C. The new ban on imports of textile has come into force.D. The UK environment agency is optimistic about the new ban.59. Which section of the website does the text come from?A. lifestyleB. technology.C. Business.D. Environment.(B)LettersComments on the March Issue12/ 3760. How did Antia Lawrence react to her husband’s diagnosis?A. She felt very painful.B. She gained some life lessons.C. She paid more attention to her own health.D. She showed deep sympathy for her husband.61. According to Sam Kieffer’s letter, what can be learn about John All?A. He is an expert in mountaineeringB. He wrote the article entitled Trapped Inside a Glacier.C. Not all people could survive in the same situation as he did.D. His story is the best one that Sam Kieffer has ever read in Reader’s Digest.13/ 3762. Who is likely to disagree with what is said in the commented article?A. Edward Deckerd.B. Antia Lawrence.C. Sam Kieffer.D. Janet Toole(C)What makes us love some things and hate others? We know that sometimes even the tiniest change can result in a huge difference in how we perceive something, so is there any rhyme or reason to our tastes and preferences? Here are three factors which play a role.1. Conforming to expectationIn London a few years ago, two talented rappers called Silibil N’ Brains took to the stage to perform at a music industry show for unsigned bands. They were an instant hit. Their outrageous West Coast - American style, brilliant rap lyrics and couldn’t - care - less attitude had the music industry’s talent spotters falling over themselves to sign the pair. In a short space of time, Silibil N’ Brains had a deal with a top management company, a contract with a major record label and an advance of $70,000 -- and they hadn’t even made a record. Before long, they were on tour with Eminem and out partying with Madonna. They were living the dream.But two years ago the same two rappers were laughed off stage by the same talent spotters for singing the same sons. So what was the difference? Amazingly, it was their accent. You see, Silibil N’ Brains weren’t, in fact, from West Coast U. S. A. at all. They were from Dundee in Scotland. During the first audition they had used their Scottish accents when rapping and it had not gone down well. “They just laughed at us,” recalled Brains. “We were heartbroken. We went back to Scotland with our tail between our legs”. The lesson for them was that to succeed, you have to conform to expectations and at that time everyone expected rappers to be American.2. The benefit of hindsightSome people are simply ahead of their time. It’s common knowledge that Vincent van Gogh sold only one painting in his lifetime -- the other 900 or so were unknown and unloved until after14/ 37his death. Monet’s paintings. at least in his early career, was considered incomplete and ugly by critics at the time, while Vermeer, the painter of Girl With a Pearl Earring, even had to use his mother-in-law as a guarantor when he borrowed money -- so unable was he to sell any of his work! Now that public taste has caught up with these artists, more or less anything they touched has an astronomical price tag attached to it. Perhaps the reason is that it just takes a while to get used to something -- after all, not all beauty is obvious at first sight.3. A reassuring price tagIn a world where the range of products on offer can be completely bewildering, we often look to price as an indication of quality. We may think we prefer the expensive wine to the cheap one, but we may simply be influenced by the price tag. Even professionals can make the mistake. A researcher from the University of Bordeaux in France took an average bottle of red wine and poured it into two empty bottles, on with an expensive label and the other with a cheap one. Then he invited 57 wine “experts” to taste the wine. Forty of them recommended the wine from the expensive bottle, describing it as “agreeable”, “complex”, “balanced” and “rounded.” while the same wine from the expensive bottle, describing it as “agreeable”, “complex”, “balanced” and “rounded,” while the same wine from the cheap bottle was described as “weak” and “flat”, with only 12 of the experts recommending it. The study made the researcher unpopular with the French wine tasters, but he did prove that price has a significant impact on taste.63. Which of the following statements about Silibil N’ Brains is true?A. Talent spotters fell in love with them at first sight.B. They are from the West Coast of AmericaC. Their success was attributed to behaving and sounding like American rappers.D. They were friends with famous stars like Madonna even before they succeeded.64. The underlined phrases “with our tail between our legs” indicates that _________.A. their first audition proved a failureB. they felt proud of their performance15/ 37C. they learned a valuable lessonD. being humble might contribute to their future success65. We an infer from the second factor that ________.A. some artists are better known when they are alive than when they are deadB. public taste usually falls behind famous artistsC. beauty at first sight lasts much longerD. Monet’s paintings are priceless because of their incompleteness66. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. A price tag always fails to indicate the quality of a product.B. A price tag is less likely to confuse customers than the packaging.C. Low price will make the wine unpopular with tastersD. A price tag will cloud a person’s judgement of something.Section CDirections: Read the following. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.16/ 37Are Bamboo-Eating Pandas Really Herbivores?On the outside, giant pandas look like herbivores（食草动物）. They spend nearly all of their waking hours eating bamboo. But on the inside, they’re built like carnivores（食肉动物）. About half of the calories they eat come from protein, according to a new study.The ancestor of giant pandas were omnivorous（杂食的）. They are both animals and plants, and had the digestive system and gut bacteria to metabolize（使发生新陈代谢）them. They had “umami taste receptors,” to appreciate the flavors of meat.However, about 2.4 million years ago, things began to change. _____67_____ Their jaw and teeth evolved to help them crush bamboo, and their wrist bone became capable of grasping the stalks （杆）of their favorite plant. Scientists think pandas switched to eating bamboo partly because they didn’t have to fight with other animals to get it. Bamboo is high in fiber but has a low concentration of nutrients, so pandas have to eat 20 to 40 pounds of the plant every day just to get by.David Raubenheimer, a nutritional ecologist at the University of Sydney, and his colleagues17/ 37put GPS trackers on two giant pandas and followed their movement throughout the year. They discovered that the pandas followed the protein. _______68______ At the start of the cycle, they ate Bashania fargesii leaves until they got the chance to feast on young shoots, which contained more protein.The more the shoots grew, the more their protein was diluted（冲淡）by fiber. That caused the pandas to move to higher ground, where Fargesia qinlingensis grew. First, they ate the shoots, but these, too, went from being protein - rich to fiber-rich as they grew. The panda responded by switching to the leaves. ______69______ The researchers found that about half of the calories the pandas ate were in the form of protein._______70_______ “They can know exactly where to go, and when to go, so they can get the most of the nutrients that their ecosystem can provide,” said Silvia Pineda - Munoz, who was not involved in the study.The work also shows that classifying an animals as herbivore or carnivore is more complex than one might sassume. “It’s not whether you’re eating plants but what of the plants you’re eating,” said Pineda - Munoz.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.71. Herbal MedicineHerbal medicine, which has been used for medicinal purposes, is the use of plants to treat diseases. Many herbalists use the entire plant, from the flowers, stems, leaves, and roots, in the form of everything from teas to pills. These plants contain natural, chemical things that can treat the body for a variety of diseases, such as allergies, asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, migraine, chronic fatigue, and cancer, among others.18/ 37Nowadays an increasing number of people prefer to adopt these plants to treat their diseases because, compared with chemical medicine, herbal medicine has its own advantages. Herbal medicine and remedies are more effective than chemical medicine for certain diseases. The chemical medicine given by a chemist could have certain negative side effects. However, many of the herbal medicine and remedies to not have negative side effects. If any, they are softer than chemical medicine. Obesity is the cause of many of the health problems. Herbal medicine can help weight loss more effectively and improve overall health.However, the cure using herbal medicine and supplements would take some time, and therefore people are supposed to possess enough patience. Worse still, herbal medicine contains a variety of ingredients and people have to be sure that their body agrees with the ingredients and that it is not allergic（过敏）.A point worth mentioning here is that herbal remedies and medicine for certain illnesses may have negative side effects. These side effects may not be shown at once, but would take months or even years. In the early stages, if the herbal medicine is not agreeing with you, it is wise to stop using it.When used correctly and directed by doctors, herbs can help treat a variety of disease. But keep in mind that the herbal medicine industry is not regulated, so herbal products are often misleading and may contain additives that are not listed on the label. Some herbs may cause allergic reactions or interact with other drugs, and some are poisonous if used improperly or at high doses. Taking herbs on your own increases your risk.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 一闻到这种蛋糕的味道我就总会想起童年。

Prepare for 谢关平老师Prepared by 张琪国双2班0941022096 Submitted on December 8thFeasibility analysis about engaging in a starbucks in sichuan university ampusLabel of contents:1 preface-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------42 list of illusions--------------------------------------------------------------------------5 3introduction------------------------------------------------------------------------------64 market analyse --- SWOT analyse---------------------------------------------------75 executive summary--------------------------------------------------------------------86 appendix--------------------------------------------------------------------------------107 reference--------------------------------------------------------------------------------128 glossary---------------------------------------------------------------------------------12PrefaceThis survey is about the feasibility of running a starbucks in sichuan university campus.Starbucks is extimated here as a mark of hight-level newly-fashioned consumer goods，we want to draw conclusion about weather this kind of consumer goods could run smoothly and make profit in university with great number of population like sichuan university. By observing the result ,we could also get a knowledge of the standards of consumption of colledge student nowadays. We think this survey make sense in these ways. For the purpose of make the survey, we have designed a questionnaire ，and make the survey through internet communicating softvare like renren 、QQ、and by email. And the respondents are students in sichuan university . Sichuan university is consisit of three campus ,they are jiangan、wangjiang 、huaxi . And the questionnaire are hand out mainly in the range of wangjiang campus ,which owns the largest population and students here are belong to most diversity of profession of sichuan university. In order to increasing the accuracy of this survey, we also make reference into documents about the situation that star-bark runs in china .and we make a SWOT analyse ，try to analyse from the point of marketing to see weather it is possible to run a starbucks in sichuan university. We hope this survey can reflect the feasibility of running a starbucks in sichuan university as precise as possible, forthermore get the knowledge of the feasibility of running high-level newly-fashioned brand shop in university campus and the precise standard of consumption of colledge student today. We would appreciate a lot to getting your suggestions and your pointing out the mistakes so that the could be corrected.we will take the suggestions and make the survey more reliable.2 list of illusion(1)A histogram is on page 10 ,this is about the frequency students in sichuan university are willing to go to the cafe per week. We could see that most student willing to go to the cafe 1~3 times per week, and it is worth noting that not a small part of students in sichuan university don't go to coffee shop during a week. (2)A histogram is on page 11 , this histogram shows the price students in sichuan university would like to pay on drink coffee outside per week(3)A bar is on page 11 , this bar is aim on showing the price students in sichuan university would like to accept per cup of cafe.(4)A diagram is show on page 11 , this diagram show the price of starbucks . We will take the mrket price here。

Multiple Choice1) Which of the following statements about marketing is true?A) It is of little importance when products are standardized.B) It can help create jobs in the economy by increasing demand for goods and services.C) It helps to build a loyal customer base but has no impact on a firm's intangible assets.D) It is more important for bigger organizations than smaller ones.E) It is seldom used by nonprofit organizations.Answer: B2) A social definition of marketing says ________.A) effective marketing requires companies to remove intermediaries to achieve a closer connection with direct consumersB) a company should focus exclusively on achieving high production efficiency, low costs, and mass distributionto facilitate the broadest possible access to the company's productsC) marketing is the process by which individuals and groups obtain what they need and want through creating, offering, and freely exchanging products and services of value with othersD) marketing is the process of extracting the maximum value from consumers to facilitate corporate growthE) marketing is the process of aggressive selling and promotion to encourage the purchase of products that might otherwise be unsought by the consumerAnswer: C3) The Soccer World Cup is promoted aggressively to both companies and fans. This is an example of marketinga(n) ________.A) ideaB) placeC) luxury itemD) eventE) serviceAnswer: D4) Which customer question is answered by a company's value proposition?A) "Why should I buy your brand rather than a competitor's?"B) "How does your brand benefit me and society?"C) "What are the costs and benefits of your brand?"D) "What kind of experience will I have with products and services associated with this brand?"E) "What are the benefits of being a loyal consumer of your brand?"Answer: A5) ________ are basic human requirements, while ________ are the ways in which those requirements are satisfied.A) Wants; needsB) Demands; wantsC) Needs; wantsD) Needs; demandsE) Demands; needsAnswer: C6) The value of an offering is described as ________.A) the price consumers are charged for a productB) the cost of manufacturing a productC) the degree to which consumer demand for a product is positiveD) the sum of the tangible and intangible benefits and costs to customersE) the intangible benefits gained from a productAnswer: D7) Managers of ________ businesses concentrate on achieving high manufacturing efficiency, low costs, and mass distribution.A) selling-orientedB) product-orientedC) production-orientedD) marketing-orientedE) consumer-orientedAnswer: C8) Which of the following is NOT a market-oriented business definition?A) "to make the Internet buying experience fast, easy, and enjoyable"B) "to sell tools and home repair and improvement items"C) "to deliver low prices every day"D) "to be the guardian of our customers' financial dreams"E) "to bring aspiration and innovation to every athlete in the world"Answer: B9) The marketing concept holds that ________.A) a firm should find the right products for its customers, and not the right customers for its productsB) customers who are coaxed into buying a product will most likely buy it againC) a new product will not be successful unless it is priced, distributed, and sold properlyD) consumers and businesses, if left alone, won't buy enough of the organization's productsE) a better product will by itself lead people to buy it without much effort from the sellersAnswer: A10) Which of the following is best described as a market-oriented business definition?A) Missouri-Pacific Railroad: We run a railroad.B) Xerox: We make copying equipment.C) Standard Oil: We sell gasoline.D) Encyclopedia Britannica: We distribute information.E) Columbia Pictures: We make movies.Answer: D11) Market-penetration, product-development, and market-development strategies would all be examples of________ strategies.A) concentric growthB) conglomerateC) horizontalD) intensive growthE) integrative growthAnswer: D12) Starbucks has introduced a debit card that lets customers prepay for coffee and snacks. This effort by Starbucks management is an example of ________.A) market developmentB) product developmentC) diversificationD) market penetration(渗透)E) product adaptation 产品适应Answer: D13) Which of the following is an example of growth by diversification多样化?A) a company introducing its existing products in a new marketB) a company introducing new product category in a new marketC) a company increases its product line in an existing marketD) a company introducing a new product category in an existing marketE) a company integrates一体化 backward to cut costsAnswer: B14) If you were the CEO of a company that was looking to implement strategies实施战略 to fill a perceived strategic-planning gap, you would most likely explore ________ strategy first because it is easier to improve an existing business than to build a new one.A) market-penetration 渗透B) market-developmentC) diversificationD) product-developmentE) exclusiveAnswer: A15) Once Starbucks had established its presence in thousands of cities internationally, the company sought to increase the number of purchases by existing customers with a ________ strategy that led to new in-store merchandise, including compilation CDs and high-speed wireless access.A) product-developmentB) market-penetrationC) diversificationD) market-developmentE) conglomerateAnswer: A16) In SWOT analysis, which of the following would be considered a strength?A) internal limitationsB) trends in the marketC) favorable factors in the environmentD) factors that challenge the company's performanceE) internal resourcesAnswer: E17) Qantas, the Australian national carrier, introduces flights to the Middle East. This is an example of ________.A) product developmentB) diversificationC) market developmentD) market penetrationE) differentiationAnswer: D18) Which of the following economies provide limited opportunities to international marketers to develop product sales?A) capitalist economiesB) subsistence economiesC) raw-materials-exporting economiesD) industrializing economiesE) industrialized economiesAnswer: B19) A company would like to study the impact of advertising expenditure on sales and sales revenue. This is an example of ________ research.A) prescriptiveB) causalC) secondaryD) exploratoryE) qualitativeAnswer: B20) Percy Original caters to a market of individuals and households that buys goods and services for personal consumption. Percy Original caters to a ________ market.A) businessB) resellerC) governmentD) consumerE) marketing intermediaryAnswer: D21) Primary data can be collected in several ways. Installing CCTV cameras in a retail store whereby consumers' actions can be recorded is an example of ________.A) focus group researchB) survey researchC) observational researchD) behavioral researchE) experimental researchAnswer: C22) When a consumer considers a product or service, he or she will choose whichever product or service delivers the highest ________.A) customer-perceived valueB) customer-perceived costC) customer profitability analysisD) customer equityE) customer lifetime valueAnswer: A23) Total customer satisfaction is measured based on the relationship of ________.A) expected value and total customer benefitB) perceived performance and expectationC) advertised outcomes and real outcomesD) past experience and present experienceE) customer attitude and salesperson's attitudeAnswer: B24) Which method could a marketing researcher use to obtain information that people are unwilling or unable to provide?A) observationalB) surveyC) questionnaireD) focus groupsE) personal interviewsAnswer: A25) The Marlboro Man was depicted in the advertisements of Marlboro cigarettes as a rugged outdoor, tough cowboy type. This was done to establish what is called ________.A) trademarkingB) a brand nameC) a brand personalityD) co-brandingE) a brand referenceAnswer: C26) The starting point for understanding consumer behavior is the ________ model in which marketing and environmental stimuli enter the consumer's consciousness, and a set of psychological processes combine with certain consumer characteristics to result in decision processes and purchase decisions.A) self-relianceB) self-perceptionC) psychogenicD) stimulus-responseE) projectiveAnswer: D27) Which of the following best explains why a rush of marketers now participate in established online social networks?A) Social networking has been proven to be more effective than traditional marketing.B) Social networks allow companies to have greater control over brand-related content than other media do.C) Members of social networking sites are unlikely to tune out personalized advertising messages.D) Companies have found their own social networks to be unsuccessful.E) Consumers are more likely to view to peer-to-peer communication as credible.Answer: E28) Which of the following theories developed by Frederick Herzberg distinguishes dissatisfiers from satisfiers?A) trait-role theoryB) psychological constraint theoryC) probability theoryD) leadership modelE) two-factor theoryAnswer: E29) ________ can work to the advantage of marketers with strong brands when consumers make neutral or ambiguous brand information more positive.A) Selective attentionB) Selective distortionC) Selective retentionD) Selective choiceE) Selective embellishmentAnswer: B30) With respect to consumer decision making, the ________ is the set of strong contenders from which one will be chosen as a supplier of a good or service.A) total setB) awareness setC) consideration setD) choice setE) decision setAnswer: D31) Which of the following statements about market segmentation is true?A) It involves changing the identity of a product, relative to the identity of competing products, in the collective minds of the target market.B) It is a process of evaluating each segment's attractiveness and selecting one or more to enter.C) It is a process of creating an image or identity of the product in the minds of the target market.D) It is a process of identifying and profiling distinct groups of buyers who differ in their needs and wants.E) It is the quality of how marketers go to market with the goal of optimizing their spending to achieve good results.Answer: D32) Which type of segmentation centers on the use of the word when, such as when consumers get the idea to buy, when they actually make their purchase, or when they use the purchased item?A) behavioralB) psychographicC) occasionD) impulseE) emergencyAnswer: C33) If a marketer decides to segment a market based on neighborhoods, the marketer will have chosen the________ method of segmentation.A) demographicB) psychographicC) geographicD) culturalE) behavioralAnswer: C34) If married and unmarried women respond similarly to a sale on perfume, these hypothetical segments fail the ________ criterion for useful market segments.A) measurableB) substantialC) accessibleD) differentiableE) actionableAnswer: D35) According to the brand asset valuator model, strong new brands show ________.A) higher levels of esteem and knowledge than relevance, whereas both differentiation and energy are lower stillB) higher levels of differentiation and energy than relevance, whereas both esteem and knowledge are lower stillC) high knowledge—evidence of past performance—a lower level of esteem, and even lower relevance, energy, and differentiationD) high levels on energy, differentiation, relevance, knowledge, and esteemE) low levels on energy, differentiation, relevance, knowledge, and esteemAnswer: B36) Which of the listed choices is NOT a positioning task?A) identifying a set of possible competitive advantages upon which to build a positionB) surveying frequent users of the productC) selecting an overall positioning strategyD) effectively communicating and delivering the chosen position to the marketE) selecting the right competitive advantagesAnswer: B37) The goal of positioning is ________.A) to locate the brand in the minds of consumers to maximize the potential benefit to the firmB) to discover the different needs and groups existing in the marketplaceC) to target those customers marketers can satisfy in a superior wayD) to collect information about competitors that will directly influence the firms' strategyE) to help the firm anticipate what the actions of its competitors will beAnswer: A38) ________ are associations designed to overcome perceived weaknesses of the brand.A) Conceptual points-of-parityB) Category points-of-differenceC) Competitive points-of-parityD) Competitive points-of-differenceE) Category points-of-parityAnswer: C39) One common difficulty in creating a strong, competitive brand positioning is that many of the attributes or benefits that make up the points-of-parity and points-of-difference are ________.A) negatively correlatedB) always correlatedC) directly proportionalD) never correlatedE) positively correlatedAnswer: A40) Manor Plaza Barber's customers have noticed that the quality of a haircut depends on who provides it as well as when, where, and how it is provided. What have the customers noticed?A) service intangibilityB) service inseparabilityC) service variabilityD) service perishabilityE) service distinctionAnswer: CPart 2 True or False1) Advertising is the most important element in business marketing.Answer: FALSE2) Wants are basic human requirements, such as food and shelter.Answer: FALSE3) In a service business, the customer and front-line service employee interact to create the service. Answer: TRUE4) Contrary to popular belief, marketers do not create needs.Answer: TRUE5) The selling concep t holds that consumers will favor those products that offer the most quality, performance, or innovative features.Answer: FALSE6) Sequential product development has the advantage of not only being a team-oriented approach, but it is also faster in bringing products to market.Answer: FALSE7) Another name f or a company's value delivery network is "distribution chain."Answer: FALSE8) If Xerox Corporation defined its scope of business as "making copying equipment", it can be classified as a marketing definition.Answer: FALSE9) Using value-based pricing, a marketer would not design a product and marketing program before setting the price.Answer: TRUE10) I f a company sought to grow b y starting new businesses that h ave no relation to its current technology, products, or markets, the company would be using a market penetration strategy.Answer: FALSE11) Many firms u se the Internet and extranets to improve the speed, accuracy, and efficiency of the order-to-payment cycle.Answer: TRUE12) Market-skimming is a more popular strateg y for pricing new products, while market-penetration is a more popular strategy for pricing products that are more advanced in the product life cycle.Answer: FALSE13) A good example of collecting behavioral data would be when a st ore uses scanners to read bar codes on products selected by consumers.Answer: TRUE14) A company should try to retain the customer only as long as the cost to discourage defection is lower than the lost profit.Answer: TRUE15) Frequency programs are designed to reward customer s who buy frequently and in substantial amounts. Answer: TRUE16) A major role played by intermediaries i s to buy large quantities of products from many producers and break them down into the smaller quantities and broader assortments wanted by consumers.Answer: TRUE17) A person's position in a group is defined in terms of role and status.Answer: TRUE18) A discount store buys at l ess-than-regular wholesale prices and charges consumers less than retail. Answer: FALSE19) The behavior people exhibit as they pass through certain life-cycle stages, such as becoming a parent, is largely fixed and does not change over time.Answer: FALSE20) Companies in the "middle market" should n ever attempt to stretch their line in both directions.Answer: FALSE21) Pure bundling occurs when a firm offers goods both individually and in bundles.Answer: FALSE22) Interactive marketing互动营销 describes the employees' skill in serving the client.Answer: TRUE23) Companies prefer customers who are less price sensitive.Answer: TRUE24) Conflicts between various franchisees of a company are an example of vertical channel conflict.Answer: FALSE25) Vertical marketing systems a chieve economies through size, bargaining power, and elimination of duplicated services.Answer: TRUE26) Advertising allows the buyer to receive and compare the messages of various competitors.Answer: TRUE。

2020上海金山高三英语二模I.Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. In a hospital. B. In a school.C. In a kindergarten.D. In a tourist office.2. A. Improving her cooking skills. B. Tasting the food made by Tom.C. Having a picnic.D. Showcasing her talents to Tom.3. A. Supportive. B. Hesitant.C. Indifferent.D. Disapproving.4. A. In January. B. Until winter vacation.C. During Christmas season.D. Right now.5. A. The foundation of the theatre. B. A change to the theatre.C. The removal of the seats.D. The figure of the audience.6. A. It can help to find the patients easilyB. It can record patients' conditions.C. It gives patients medical advice.D. It makes records available to doctors and nurses.7. A. He doesn't want to draw.B. He prefers to make the labor division himself.C. He is good at drawing.D. He is happy because he doesn't have to draw.8. A. The key to the woman's success.B. The changes on the market.C. The management of the woman's company.D. The feeling of being a manager.9. A. To paint the doors. B. To paint the ceiling.C. To continue his job.D. To take the job home10. A. Because she is accustomed to the food there.B. Because the food is better there than at the school dining hall.C. Because it is a quiet place.D. Because they can't go to the school dining hall.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear several passages and longer conversations, after each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversations will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Factors determining intelligence.B. A story of identical twins.C. The importance of intelligence.D. How to get a higher IQ.12. A. Because only one could enter college.B. Because they were abandoned by their parents.C. Because their parents died when they were only babies.D. Because the psychologists did an experiment researching human intelligence.13. A. John got a better education than his identical brother. Peter.B. Children growing up in wealthy families are smarter.C. Environment is important to the development of one's intelligence.D. An isolated community has more educational opportunities.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Unwrapping a new album.B. Having a newly-bought car.C. Entering a newly-purchased house.D. Having access to an online account.15. A. It is nice to share the account on Amazon.B. The sharing economy makes full use of cars.C. Consumers consider ownership more important than access.D. The sharing economy makes clear relationship between consumers and products.16. A. The sharing economy develops car manufacturing.B. It is good for environment to increase the usage of goods.C. The sharing economy reshapes the market and benefits people.D. In the sharing economy, companies bridge the gap between people and resources.Questions 17 and 18 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Products.B. Locations.C. Coffee making techniques.D. Staff quality.18. A. She made a questionnaire.B. She talked with customers.C. She wrote a handbook for the employeesD. She applied for a job at Starbucks.19. A. Customers are especially concerned about the service of a cafe.B. The more expensive the coffee beans and milk, the better the coffee is.C. Customers want more varieties of coffee.D. Customers rely on the brand image when they are making choices.20. A. Because the manual will be the latest version.B. Because it will tell customers detailed product information.C. Because it includes important policies and procedures.D. Because employees enjoy reading it.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.A ban on distracted walkingYou can’t walk down the street without passing so-called “smart-phone zombies（僵尸）.” They are too absorbed in their screen (21) _________ (watch) where they are going. Almost four in ten people admit having suffered a technology-related small accident (22) _________ they pay more attention to their electronic device than to the pavement.Now the city of Honolulu, Hawaii, has decided it’s time to take immediate action and make it illegal to cross the road while using a mobile phone. Those (23) _________ (catch) using phones, tablets or other electronic devices at crossing points could face a fine of up to $ 100.Honolulu is the first major U. S. city to ban (24) _________ is called “distracted walking.” It comes after a study found there (25) _________ (be) more than 11,000 injuries in the United States resulting from phone-related distraction while walking in the past few years.To explain the decision, mayor Kirk Caldwell said, “We hold the unfortunate honor of being a major city (26) _________ more pedestrians are hit in crosswalks than almost any other city in the country.”Under the fine systems. (27) _________ breaks this law for the first time will get a fine of $15 to $35. People breaking the law for a second or third time will get a $99 fine.The law, which is called the Distracted Walking Law, does permit an exception. Pedestrians(28) _________ use such devices in the street to call emergency services and rescue workers, such as firefighters and police officers.If you still want to text while walking, you could avoid (29) _________ (fine) in Honolulu by using a voice-controlled digital assistant such as Siri or Google Assistant. Or you could just wait (30) _________ you are again, safely, off the street.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Giving kids allowances in the smart-phoneAllowances are a constant. No matter how much technology interferes with the parent-child relationship, kids still want money and parents still want to impart（赋予）a basic work ethic. But putting stickers on chore（日常事务）charts and dropping coins in piggy banks don’t cut it with the smart-phone generation.Parents in search of more _____31_____ ways to teach children the value of money are turning to allowance-tracking apps, where kids can see their ______32______ rise and fall in real time.Bonnie Koon, a mother of three in Crawfordville, Fla., used to post a calendar on her refrigerator _____33______ her kids chores, to the embarrassment of her 16-year-old twins. After seeing a Facebook ad for the app Green-light, she ____34_____ it.Green-light links to parents’ bank accounts so that the payout can be seamless. Parents can encourage saving by paying interest on the money that isn’t spent ____35____ -- interest out of the parents’ own pockets, of course.It’s the first taste of ____36____ freedom for many kids, and it’s set in a relatively safe environment. Parents can determine spending limits and choose the retailers（零售商）where a child can make _____37_____. If a child attempts to buy something at an unapproved store or to spend more than the limit, the transaction（交易）is _____38_____ and parents get a notification. And if a kid loses the card, parents can immediately cancel it from the app.One of Ms. Koon’s twins. Brenna, works part time at a restaurant. She’s putting half of her paycheck into a car-insurance savings fund she set up in the app, whit the goal of saving $450 by July. With each _____39______, the app gives Brenna a progress update.Some parents might worry that relying on apps to get kids to do chores only encourages them to be on their phones more. But parents who have chosen this approach argue that they are meeting their kids where they are and that it takes the _____40_____ nagging（唠叨）out of the equation. The real-time look at their accounts makes the concepts of saving and spending more tangible than reviewing a bank statement.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.If you like to take a walk in the woods in the United States or you prefer to decorate a tree at Christmas, you should know that climate change is making both of those activities a lot more ____41____.Looking at two ____42____ and economically important species -- the Douglas fir and the Ponderosa pine -- scientists found that fires and drought _____43_____ by climate change make new growth difficult, especially in low-elevation forests, according to a study published Monday in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.Some forests in four regions in California, Colorado, the Northern Rockies and the southwestern part of the United States have crossed “a(n) ____44____ climate tipping（转折）point for post-fire tree generation,” the study says.Climate conditions over the past 20 years have _____45_____ changes that would have taken decades or even centuries to ____46____ across broad regions of the country. This is leading to the sudden _____47_____ of trees and making these lands increasingly unsuitable for tree regeneration.“Climate changes is _____48_____ our forests now, not just in some distant future. Maybe in areas where there are really _____49_____ seed sources, there could be some trees, but it is becoming really hard to get these trees back due to climate change,” said study co-author Kim Davis.The problem probably won’t get any better, as climate change is making intense wildfires much more _____50_____. Western foresters say there used to be a fire season. But devastating and____51____ fires have become a reality all year long. In 2018, fire cost California more than $9.05 billion, according to the USA insurance commissioner, the deadliest and most destructive wildfires season in the ______52______ history.A higher number of fires and low seed availability means a high probability that these trees in these regions won’t come back, Davis said. This study _____53______ on the driest and hottest areas of the Western forests, but researchers will next try to focus on how much will be impacted._____54____, there are some things people can do to ease some of this problem. Forest management plans that reduce high-severity burns can help. Increasingly, forest managers are considering allowing some fires to burn under more moderate conditions, Davis said, Forest _____55_____.41. A. convenient B. difficult C. encouraging D. frustrating42. A. ecologically B. apparently C. physically D. financially43. A. destroyed B. worsened C. extended D. established44. A. necessary B. enormous C. critical D. invisible45. A. accelerated B. delayed C. eliminated D. strengthened46. A. transform B. spread C. preserve D. escape47. A. extinction B. decline C. tragedy D. increase48. A. sustaining B. abandoning C. facilitating D. endangering49. A. sufficient B. limited C. moderate D. approximate50. occasional B. common C. essential D. temporary51. A. astonishing B. hopeless C. costly D. irreversible52. A. world B. state C. human D. forest53. A. concentrated B. depended C. insisted D. commented54. A. As a result B. For example C. In fact D. What’s more55. A. savers B. managers C. researchers D. advocatesSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)EU members’ states have agreed to ban a toxic substance widely found in clothing because it poses an “acceptable risk” to the environment. Countries voted in favor of extending existing restrictions on nonylphenol ethoxylates (NPE) to imports to clothing and other textile products.The measure is intended to protect species in water. Use of NPE in textile manufature in Europe was banned over 10 years ago but the substance is still released into the water environment through imported textiles being washed.NPE degrades in the environment into substances including nonylphenol (NP), which accumulates in the bodies of fish and disturbs their hormones, harming fertility, growth and sexual development.NPE is used in textile manufacture as a cleaning and dyeing agent. The EU decision notes that several studies have found NPE to be present in textile items.A 2011 study by Greenpeace found NPE in two-thirds of clothes tested, including items sold by big-name brads such as Adidas, H&M, Lacoste, and Ralph Lauren. The NGO (Non-Governmental Organizations) argued that although concentrations of NPE found in the clothes were low, the chemical’s existence in the environment posed a risk.The new ban on textiles containing NPE in concentrations equal to or greater than 0.01% will enter into force five years after it is adopted by the European Commission, which is likely to happen in September.In comments submitted to ECHA (European Chemicals Agency), clothing and textile firms have warned that obeying the restriction will be difficult because NPE ubiquitous in the supply chain and has numerous uses.The new restriction will not apply to second-hand goods or recycled textiles because it is assumed that these will already have been washed several times so they contain negligible（微不足道的）amounts of NPE.EU countries must eliminate pollution of water bodies by NP as it is a priority substance under the Water Framework Directive. A 2013 study by the UK environment agency warned that emissions from textiles could prevent progress towards this objective. It found 29% of imported cotton underwear contained NPE, which was released during the first two washes by the consumer.56. The 2011 study by Greenpeace found _________.A. 29% of imported cotton underwear contained NPEB. NPE had limited effects on aquatic speciesC. NPE was widely present in textile productsD. clothes of good quality had no concentrations of NPE57. What’s the possible meaning of the underlined part “is ubiquitous” is Paragraph 7?A. is legally protectedB. is not easy to be foundC. seems to be every whereD. is uncommon58. What can we learn from the text?A. The original ban on use of NPE was very effective.B. Recycled textile contain less NPE.C. The new ban on imports of textile has come into force.D. The UK environment agency is optimistic about the new ban.59. Which section of the website does the text come from?A. lifestyleB. technology.C. Business.D. Environment.(B)LettersComments on the March Issue60. How did Antia Lawrence react to her husband’s diagnosis?A. She felt very painful.B. She gained some life lessons.C. She paid more attention to her own health.D. She showed deep sympathy for her husband.61. According to Sam Kieffer’s letter, what can be learn about John All?A. He is an expert in mountaineeringB. He wrote the article entitled Trapped Inside a Glacier.C. Not all people could survive in the same situation as he did.D. His story is the best one that Sam Kieffer has ever read in Reader’s Digest.62. Who is likely to disagree with what is said in the commented article?A. Edward Deckerd.B. Antia Lawrence.C. Sam Kieffer.D. Janet Toole(C)What makes us love some things and hate others? We know that sometimes even the tiniest change can result in a huge difference in how we perceive something, so is there any rhyme or reason to our tastes and preferences? Here are three factors which play a role.1. Conforming to expectationIn London a few years ago, two talented rappers called Silibil N’ Brains took to the stage to perform at a music industry show for unsigned bands. They were an instant hit. Their outrageous West Coast - American style, brilliant rap lyrics and couldn’t - care - less attitude had the music industry’s talent spotters falling over themselves to sign the pair. In a short space of time, Silibil N’ Brains had a deal with a top management company, a contract with a major record label and an advance of $70,000 -- and they hadn’t even made a record. Before long, they were on tour with Eminem and out partying with Madonna. They were living the dream.But two years ago the same two rappers were laughed off stage by the same talent spotters for singing the same sons. So what was the difference? Amazingly, it was their accent. You see, Silibil N’ Brains weren’t, in fact, from West Coast U. S. A. at all. They were from Dundee in Scotland. During the first audition they had used their Scottish accents when rapping and it had not gone down well. “They just laughed at us,” recalled Brains. “We were heartbroken. We went back to Scotland with our tail between our legs”. The lesson for them was that to succeed, you have to conform to expectations and at that time everyone expected rappers to be American.2. The benefit of hindsightSome people are simply ahead of their time. It’s common knowledge that Vincent van Gogh sold only one painting in his lifetime -- the other 900 or so were unknown and unloved until after his death. Monet’s paintings. at least in his early career, was considered incomplete and ugly by critics at the time, while Vermeer, the painter of Girl With a Pearl Earring, even had to use his mother-in-law as a guarantor when he borrowed money -- so unable was he to sell any of his work! Now that public taste has caught up with these artists, more or less anything they touched has an astronomical price tag attached to it. Perhaps the reason is that it just takes a while to get used to something -- after all, not all beauty is obvious at first sight.3. A reassuring price tagIn a world where the range of products on offer can be completely bewildering, we often look to price as an indication of quality. We may think we prefer the expensive wine to the cheap one, but we may simply be influenced by the price tag. Even professionals can make the mistake. A researcher from the University of Bordeaux in France took an average bottle of red wine and poured it into two empty bottles, on with an expensive label and the other with a cheap one. Then he invited57 wine “experts” to taste the wine. Forty of them recommended the wine from the expensive bottle, describing it as “agreeable”, “complex”, “balanced” and “rounded.” while the same wine from the expensive bottle, describing it as “agreeable”, “complex”, “balanced” and “rounded,” while the same wine from the cheap bottle was described as “weak” and “flat”, with only 12 of the experts recommending it. The study made the researcher unpopular with the French wine tasters, but he did prove that price has a significant impact on taste.63. Which of the following statements about Silibil N’ Brains is true?A. Talent spotters fell in love with them at first sight.B. They are from the West Coast of AmericaC. Their success was attributed to behaving and sounding like American rappers.D. They were friends with famous stars like Madonna even before they succeeded.64. The underlined phrases “with our tail between our legs” indicates that _________.A. their first audition proved a failureB. they felt proud of their performanceC. they learned a valuable lessonD. being humble might contribute to their future success65. We an infer from the second factor that ________.A. some artists are better known when they are alive than when they are deadB. public taste usually falls behind famous artistsC. beauty at first sight lasts much longerD. Monet’s paintings are priceless because of their incompleteness66. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. A price tag always fails to indicate the quality of a product.B. A price tag is less likely to confuse customers than the packaging.C. Low price will make the wine unpopular with tastersD. A price tag will cloud a person’s judgement of something.Section CDirections: Read the following. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Are Bamboo-Eating Pandas Really Herbivores?On the outside, giant pandas look like herbivores（食草动物）. They spend nearly all of their waking hours eating bamboo. But on the inside, they’re built like carnivores（食肉动物）. About half of the calories they eat come from protein, according to a new study.The ancestor of giant pandas were omnivorous（杂食的）. They are both animals and plants, and had the digestive system and gut bacteria to metabolize（使发生新陈代谢）them. They had “umami taste receptors,” to appreciate the flavors of meat.However, about 2.4 million years ago, things began to change. _____67_____ Their jaw and teeth evolved to help them crush bamboo, and their wrist bone became capable of grasping the stalks （杆）of their favorite plant. Scientists think pandas switched to eating bamboo partly because they didn’t have to fight with other animals to get it. Bamboo is high in fiber but has a low concentration of nutrients, so pandas have to eat 20 to 40 pounds of the plant every day just to get by.David Raubenheimer, a nutritional ecologist at the University of Sydney, and his colleagues put GPS trackers on two giant pandas and followed their movement throughout the year. They discovered that the pandas followed the protein. _______68______ At the start of the cycle, they ate Bashania fargesii leaves until they got the chance to feast on young shoots, which contained more protein.The more the shoots grew, the more their protein was diluted（冲淡）by fiber. That caused the pandas to move to higher ground, where Fargesia qinlingensis grew. First, they ate the shoots, but these, too, went from being protein - rich to fiber-rich as they grew. The panda responded by switching to the leaves. ______69______ The researchers found that about half of the calories the pandas ate were in the form of protein._______70_______ “They can know exactly where to go, and when to go, so they can get the most of the nutrients that their ecosystem can provide,” said Silvia Pineda - Munoz, who was not involved in the study.The work also shows that classifying an animals as herbivore or carnivore is more complex than one might sassume. “It’s not whether you’re eating plants but what of the plants you’re eating,” said Pineda - Munoz.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.71. Herbal MedicineHerbal medicine, which has been used for medicinal purposes, is the use of plants to treat diseases. Many herbalists use the entire plant, from the flowers, stems, leaves, and roots, in the form of everything from teas to pills. These plants contain natural, chemical things that can treat the body for a variety of diseases, such as allergies, asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, migraine, chronic fatigue, and cancer, among others.Nowadays an increasing number of people prefer to adopt these plants to treat their diseases because, compared with chemical medicine, herbal medicine has its own advantages. Herbal medicine and remedies are more effective than chemical medicine for certain diseases. The chemical medicine given by a chemist could have certain negative side effects. However, many of the herbal medicine and remedies to not have negative side effects. If any, they are softer than chemical medicine. Obesity is the cause of many of the health problems. Herbal medicine can help weight loss more effectively and improve overall health.However, the cure using herbal medicine and supplements would take some time, and therefore people are supposed to possess enough patience. Worse still, herbal medicine contains a variety ofingredients and people have to be sure that their body agrees with the ingredients and that it is not allergic（过敏）.A point worth mentioning here is that herbal remedies and medicine for certain illnesses may have negative side effects. These side effects may not be shown at once, but would take months or even years. In the early stages, if the herbal medicine is not agreeing with you, it is wise to stop using it.When used correctly and directed by doctors, herbs can help treat a variety of disease. But keep in mind that the herbal medicine industry is not regulated, so herbal products are often misleading and may contain additives that are not listed on the label. Some herbs may cause allergic reactions or interact with other drugs, and some are poisonous if used improperly or at high doses. Taking herbs on your own increases your risk.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 一闻到这种蛋糕的味道我就总会想起童年。

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感谢您的支持与配合！一、基本信息1. 您的性别：（1）男（2）女（3）其他2. 您的年龄：（1）18岁以下（2）18-25岁（3）26-35岁（4）36-45岁（5）46-55岁（6）55岁以上3. 您的职业：（1）学生（2）白领（3）自由职业者（4）公务员（5）企业主（6）其他4. 您所在的城市：_______________________________二、购买习惯5. 您通常购买雀巢咖啡的渠道是：（1）超市（2）便利店（3）线上购物平台（4）其他（请注明）：__________________ 6. 您购买雀巢咖啡的频率是：（1）每周一次（2）每月一次（3）偶尔购买（4）从不购买7. 您购买雀巢咖啡的主要原因是：（1）口感好（2）品牌知名度高（3）价格合理（4）方便快捷（5）其他（请注明）：__________________三、产品评价8. 您对雀巢咖啡的整体口感满意吗？（1）非常满意（2）满意（3）一般（5）非常不满意9. 您认为雀巢咖啡在以下方面的表现如何？（多选）（1）香气浓郁（2）口感醇厚（3）提神醒脑（4）无咖啡因（5）价格合理（6）包装设计（7）其他（请注明）：__________________10. 您是否认为雀巢咖啡与其他品牌咖啡相比有优势？（1）是（2）否11. 您对雀巢咖啡的口味有哪些期待？_______________________________四、消费体验12. 您在购买雀巢咖啡时是否遇到过以下问题？（多选）（1）价格偏高（2）口感不佳（3）购买渠道不便（4）产品信息不透明（5）其他（请注明）：__________________13. 您对雀巢咖啡的售后服务满意吗？（2）满意（3）一般（4）不满意（5）非常不满意14. 您认为雀巢咖啡在以下方面的改进空间有哪些？（多选）（1）产品口味（2）包装设计（3）价格策略（4）购买渠道（5）售后服务（6）其他（请注明）：__________________五、其他15. 您对雀巢咖啡品牌的印象如何？（1）非常好（2）好（3）一般（4）不好（5）非常不好16. 您是否愿意向亲朋好友推荐雀巢咖啡？（1）非常愿意（2）愿意（3）不确定（5）非常不愿意17. 您对雀巢咖啡的任何建议或意见：_______________________________感谢您抽出宝贵时间填写这份问卷，您的支持与信任是我们不断前进的动力！祝您生活愉快！[问卷结束]。

星空英语环形填空Starbucks, which began in Seattle in 1971, has grown from a small _______ (1) to a giant international coffee chain. It provides a cozy _______ (2) to study, chat or simply relax with a cup of coffee. The _______ (3) of Starbucks lies inits ability to create a warm and welcoming atmosphere.The _______, (4) of Starbucks is its wide variety of coffee beans sourced from all over the world. Customers can taste the unique flavors of different _______ (5) through their specialty drinks. From lattes to espressos, each cup is meticulously crafted to _______ (6) the highest quality and taste.In addition to its premium coffee, Starbucks also offers a wide range of _______ (7) options. Food items such as pastries, sandwiches, and salads are available to satisfy_______ (8). Customers can enjoy a _______ (9) meal or snack while sipping their favorite beverage.What sets Starbucks apart _______ (10) other coffee chains is its commitment to social responsibility. The company _______ (11) to ethically source its coffee beans and supports _______ (12) farmers. They also strive to _______ (13) waste and reduce their environmental _______ (14).Starbucks has created a _______ (15) experience for customers, from the moment they walk through the door totheir last sip of coffee. With its _______ (16) ambiance, delicious beverages, and dedication to making a _______ (17) in the world, it's no wonder Starbucks has become a favorite spot for coffee lovers worldwide.以上内容满足《星空英语环形填空》的要求，描述了星巴克作为国际咖啡连锁巨头的成功之处，并强调了其独特的咖啡品种、精心制作的饮品、丰富的餐饮选项以及对社会责任的承担。

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金山区2019学年第二学期质量监控高三英语试卷（考试时间120分钟，总分140分）2020年5月I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A. In a hospital. B. In a school.C. In a kindergarten.D. In a tourist office.2. A. Improving her cooking skills. B. Tasting the food made by Tom.C. Having a picnic.D. Showcasing her talents to Tom.3. A. Supportive. B. Hesitant.C. Indifferent.D. Disapproving.4. A. In January. B. Until winter vacation.C. During Christmas season.D. Right now.5. A. The foundation of the theatre. B. A change to the theatre.C. The removal of the seats.D. The figure of the audience.6. A. It can help to find the patients easily.B. It can record patients’ conditions.C. It gives patients medical advice.D. It makes records available to doctors and nurses.7. A. He doesn’t want to draw.B. He prefers to make the labor division himself.C. He is good at drawing.D. He is happy because he doesn’t have to draw.8. A. The key to the woman’s success.B. The changes on the market.C. The management of the woman’s company.D. The feeling of being a manager.9. A. To paint the doors. B. To paint the ceiling.C. To continue his job.D. To take the job home.10. A. Because she is accustomed to the food there.B. Because the food is better there than at the school dining hall.C. Because it is a quiet place.D. Because they can’t go to the school dining hall.Section BDirections:In Section B, you will hear several longer conversation(s) and short passage(s), and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation(s) and the passage(s). The conversation(s) and the passage(s) will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11.A. Factors determining intelligence. B. A story of identical twins.C. The importance of intelligence.D. How to get a higher IQ.12.A. Because only one could enter college.B. Because they were abandoned by their parents.C. Because their parents died when they were only babies.D. Because the psychologists did an experiment researching human intelligence.13.A. John got a better education than his identical brother, Peter.B. Children growing up in wealthy families are smarter.C. Environment is important to the development of one’s intelligence.D. An isolated community has more educational opportunities.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14.A. Unwrapping a new album.B. Having a newly-bought car.C. Entering a newly-purchased house.D. Having access to an online account.15. A. It is nice to share the account on Amazon.B. The sharing economy makes full use of cars.C. Consumers consider ownership more important than access.D. The sharing economy makes clear relationship between consumers and products.16. A. The sharing economy develops car manufacturing.B. It is good for environment to increase the usage of goods.C. The sharing economy reshapes the market and benefits people.D. In the sharing economy, companies bridge the gap between people and resources.Questions17 through20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Products. B. Locations.C. Coffee making techniques.D. Staff quality.18. A. She made a questionnaire. B. She talked with customers.C. She wrote a handbook for the employees.D. She applied for a job at Starbucks.19. A. Customers are especially concerned about the service of a cafe.B. The more expensive the coffee beans and milk, the better the coffee is.C. Customers want more varieties of coffee.D. Customers rely on the brand image when they are making choices.20. A. Because the manual will be the latest version.B. Because it will tell customers detailed product information.C. Because it includes important policies and procedures.D. Because employees enjoy reading it.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.A ban on distracted walkingYou can’t walk down the street without passing so-called “smartphone zombies (僵尸).” They are too absorbed in their screen (21) _________ (watch) where they are going. Almost four in ten people admit having suffered a technology-related small accident (22) _________ they pay more attention to their electronic device than to the pavement.Now the city of Honolulu, Hawaii, has decided it’s time to take immediate action and make itillegal to cross the road while using a mobile phone. Those (23) ________ (catch) using phones, tablets or other electronic devices at crossing points could face a fine of up to $100.Honolulu is the first major U.S. city to ban (24) __________ is called “distracted walking.” It comes after a study found there (25)___________(be) more than 11,000 injuries in the United States resulting from phone-related distraction while walking in the past few years.To explain the decision, mayor Kirk Caldwell said, “We hold the unfortunate honor of being a major city (26) ___________more pedestrians are hit in crosswalks than almost any other city in the country.”Under the fine systems, (27) _________ breaks this law for the first time will get a fine of $15 to $35. People breaking the law for a second or third time will get a $99 fine.The law, which is called the Distracted Walking Law, does permit an exception. Pedestrians (28) ___________ use such devices in the street to call emergency services and rescue workers, such as firefighters and police officers.If you still want to text while walking, you could avoid (29) _________ (fine) in Honolulu by using a voice-controlled digital assistant such as Siri or Google Assistant. Or you could just wait (30) __________ you are again, safely, off the street.Section BDirections:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Giving kids allowances in the smartphone ageAllowances are a constant. No matter how much technology interferes with the parent-childrelationship, kids still want money and parents still want to impart(赋予) a basic work ethic. Butputting stickers on chore (日常事务) charts and dropping coins in piggy ban ks don’t cut it with the smartphonegeneration.Parents in search of more 31 ways to teach children the value of money are turning toallowance-tracking apps, where kids can see their 32 rise and fall in real time.Bonnie Koon, a mother of three in Crawfordville, Fla., used to post a calendar on her refrigerator33 her kids chores, to the embarrassment of her 16-year-old twins. After seeing a Facebookad for the app Greenlight, she 34 it.Greenlight links to parents’ bank accounts so that the payout can be seamless. Parents canencourage saving by paying interest on the money that isn’t spent35 —interest out of theparents’ own pockets, of course.It’s the first taste of 36 freedom for many kids, and it’s set in a relatively safeenvironment. Parents can determine spending limits and choose the retailers（零售商）where a child can make 37. If a child attempts to buy something at an unapproved store or to spend more than thelimit,the transaction (交易) is38 and parents get anotification. And if a kid loses the card, parentscan immediately cancel it from the app.One of Ms. Koon’s twins, Brenna, works part time at a restaurant. She’s putting half of her paycheck into a car-insurance savings fund she set up in the app, with the goal of saving $450 by July. With each 39, the app gives Brenna aprogress update.Some parents might worry that relying on apps to get kids to do chores only encourages them to be on their phones more. But parents who have chosen this approach argue that they are meeting their kids where they are and that it takes the 40nagging(唠叨) out of the equation. The real-timelook at their accounts makesthe concepts of saving and spending more tangiblethanreviewing a bank statement.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.If you like to take a walk in the woods in the United States or you prefer to decorate a tree atChristmas, you should know that climate change is making both of those activities a lot more41.Looking at two 42 and economically important species——the Douglas fir and the Ponderosa pine ——scientists found that fires and drought 43 by climate change make new growth difficult, especially in low-elevation forests, according to a study published Monday in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.Some forests in four regions in California, Colorado, the Northern Rockies and the southwestern part of the United States have crossed “a(n) 44 climate tipping(转折) point for post-fire tree generation,” the study says.Climate conditions over the past 20 years have 45 changes that would have taken decades or even centuries to 46 across broad regions of the country. This is leading to the sudden47 of trees and making these lands increasingly unsuitable for tree regeneration.“Climate change is 48 our forests now, not just in some distant future. Maybe in areas where there are really 49 seed sources, there could be some trees, but it is becoming really hard to get these trees back due to climate change,”said study co-author Kim Davis.The problem probably won’t get any better, as climate change is making intense wildfires much more 50. Western foresters say there used to be a fire season. But devastating and 51 fires have become a reality all year long. In 2018, fire cost California more than $9.05 billion, according to the USA insurance commissioner, the deadliest and most destructive wildfire season in the 52 history.A higher number of fires and low seed availability means a high probability that these trees in these regio ns won’t come back, Davis said. This study 53 on the driest and hottest areas of the Western forests, but researchers will next try to focus on how much will be impacted.54, there are some things people can do to ease some of this problem. Forest management plans that reduce high-severity burns can help. Increasingly, forest managers are considering allowing some fires to burn under more moderate conditions, Davis said. Forest 55can also replant trees after fire, at least in the areas where climate conditions will allow.41. A. convenient B. difficult C. encouraging D. frustrating42. A. ecologically B. apparently C. physically D. financially43. A. destroyed B. worsened C. extended D. established44. A. necessary B. enormous C. critical D. invisible45. A. accelerated B. delayed C. eliminated D. strengthened46. A. transform B. spread C. preserve D. escape47. A. extinction B. decline C. tragedy D. increase48. A. sustaining B. abandoning C. facilitating D. endangering49. A. sufficient B. limited C. moderate D. approximate50. A. occasional B. common C. essential D. temporary51. A. astonishing B. hopeless C. costly D. irreversible52. A. world B. state C. human D. forest53. A. concentrated B. depended C. insisted D. commented54. A. As a result B. For example C. In fact D. What’s more55. A. savers B. managers C. researchers D. advocatesSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose theone that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)EU members’ states have agreed to ban a toxic substance widely found in clothing because it poses an “acceptable risk”to the environment. Countries voted in favor of extending existing restrictions on nonylphenol ethoxylates (NPE) to imports of clothing and other textile products.The measure is intended to protect species in water. Use of NPE in textile manufacture in Europe was banned over 10 years ago but the substance is still released into the water environment through imported textiles being washed.NPE degrades in the environment into substances including nonylphenol (NP), which accumulates in the bodies of fish and disturbs their hormones, harming fertility, growth and sexual development.NPE is used in textile manufacture as a cleaning and dyeing agent. The EU decision notes that several studies have found NPE to be present in textile items.A 2011 study by Greenpeace found NPE in two-thirds of clothes tested, including items sold by big-name brands such as Adidas, H&M, Lacoste, and Ralph Lauren. The NGO (Non-Governmental Organizations) argued that although concentrations of NPE found in the clothes were low, the chemical’s existence in the environment posed a risk.The new ban on textiles containing NPE in concentrations equal to or greater than 0.01% will enter into force five years after it is adopted by the European Commission, which is likely to happen in September.In comments submitted to ECHA (European Chemicals Agency), clothing and textile firms have warned that obeying the restriction will be difficult because NPE is ubiquitous in the supply chain and has numerous uses.The new restriction will not apply to second-hand goods or recycled textiles because it is assumed that these will already have been washed several times so they contain negligible (微不足道的) amounts of NPE.EU countries must eliminate pollution of water bodies by NP as it is a priority substance under the Water Framework Directive. A 2013 study by the UK environment agency warned that emissions from textiles could prevent progress towards this objective. It found 29% of imported cotton underwear contained NPE, which was released during the first two washes by the consumer.56.The 2011 study by Greenpeace found ____________________.A.29% of imported cotton underwear contained NPEB. NPE had limited effects on aquatic speciesC. NPE was widely present in textile productsD. clothes of good quality had no concentrations of NPE57. What’s the possible meaning of the underlined part“is ubiquitous” in Paragraph 7?A. is legally protectedB. is not easy to be foundC. seems to be everywhereD. is uncommon58. What can we learn from the text?A. The original ban on use of NPE was very effective.B. Recycled textiles contain less NPE.C. The new ban on imports of textiles has come into force.D. The UK environment agency is optimistic about the new ban.59. Which section of the website does the text come from?A. Lifestyle.B. Technology.C. Business.D. Environment.(B)LettersComments on the March Issue60. How did Antia Lawrence react to her husband ’s diagnosis?A. She felt very painful.B. She gained some life lessons.40 Smart Ways to Saveat the SupermarketYour caution not to fall for fake salesreminded me of when I was a stock boy at myneighborhood grocery in the 1950s. One time,we got a delivery of off-band vegetables. Ipriced them at ten cents a can. I don ’t think wesold more than six cans —until I put up a signthat said “Special: Nine for $1.” I set them outThursday evening, and by noon on Saturdaythey were gone.Edward Deckerd ,Perryville, MissouriTrapped Inside a Glacier Reading about John All ’s experience on Mount Himlung was very inspiring to me. A man with 15 broken bones and bleeding internally being able to climb up a 70-foot wall of ice and survive for 18 hours at 20,000 feet is something that I would have thought to be impossible. I am 16 years old and a lifelong reader. Out of all the great content in Reader ’s Digest , stories like his are the ones I enjoy the most. Sam Kieffer, Richardson, Texas Bill ’s Last, Best GiftTracy Grant ’s article resonated (与......产生共鸣) deeply with me. Twelve years ago, myhusband, Don, was diagnosed with terminalbrain cancer. As his caregiver, I, too, learned toappreciate the people and things around me andnot to sweat the small stuff, and in the long run,I became a much better person. Don also gaveme his last, best gift of love and peace.Antia Lawrence,San Diego, CaliforniaDishes Professional Chefs Cook in the Microwave Microwaving live lobsters is inhumane and cruel. Because lobsters feel pain, Switzerland has recently outlawed the practice of boiling them live. A similar law was passed in Italy, where it is now illegal to put lobsters on ice before cooking them. I hope you provide an update to your story promoting humane practices instead of cruel and violent ones. Janet Toole, Phoenixville, PennsylvaniaC.She paid more attention to her own health.D.She showed deep sympathy for her husband.61.According to Sam Kieffer’s letter, what can be learn about John All?A.He is an expert in mountaineering.B.He wrote the article entitled Trapped Inside a Glacier.C.Not all people could survive in the same situation as he did.D.His story is the best one that Sam Kieffer has ever read in Reader’s Digest.62.Who is likely to disagree with what is said in the commented article?A.Edward Deckerd.B. Antia Lawrence.C. Sam Kieffer.D. Janet Toole(C)What makes us love some things and hate others? We know that sometimes even the tiniest change can result in a huge difference in how we perceive something, so is there any rhyme or reason to our tastes and preferences? Here are three factors which play a role.1.Conformingto expectationsIn London a few years ago, two talented rappers called Silibil N’ Brains took to the stage to perform at a music industry show for unsigned bands. They were an instant hit. Their outrageous West Coast-American style, brilliant rap lyrics and couldn’t-care-less attitude had the music industry’s talent spotters falling overthemselves to sign the pair. In a short space of time, Silibil N’Brains had a deal with a top management company, a contract with a major record label and an advance of $70, 000—and they hadn’t even made a record. Before long, they were on tour withEminem and out partying with Madonna. They were living the dream.But two years ago the same two rappers were laughed off stage by the sametalent spotters for singing the same songs. So what was the difference? Amazingly, it was their accent. You see, Silibil N’Brains weren’t, in fact, from West Coast U.S.A. at all. They were from Dundee in Scotland. During the first audition they hadused their Scottish accents when rapping and it hadn’t gone down well. “They just laughed at us,” recalled Brains. “We were heartbroken. We went back to Scotlan d with our tail between our legs.”The lesson for them was that to succeed, youhave to conform to expectations and at that time everyone expected rappers to be American.2.The benefit of hindsightSome people are simply ahead of their time. It’s common knowledge that Vincent van Gogh sold only one painting in his lifetime—the other 900 or so were unknown and unloved until after his death. Monet’s paintings, at least in his early career, was considered incomplete and ugly by critics at the time, while Vermeer, the painter of Girl With a Pearl Earring, even had to use his mother-in-law as a guarantor when he borrowed money—so unable was he to sell any of his work! Now that public taste has caught up with these artists, more or less anything theytouched has an astronomical price tag attached to it. Perhaps the reason is that itjust takes a while to get used tosomething—after all, not all beauty is obvious atfirst sight.3.A reassuring price tagIn a world where the range of products on offer can be completely bewildering, we often look to price as an indication of quality. We may think we prefer the expensive wine to the cheap one, but we may simply be influenced by the price tag. Even professionals can make the mistake. A researcher from the University of Bordeaux in France took an average bottle of red wine and poured it into two emptybottles, one with an expensive label and the other with a cheap one. Then he invited 57 wine“experts”to t aste the wine. Forty of them recommended the wine from the expensive bottle, describing it as“agreeable”,“complex”, “balanced”and “rounded,”while the same wine from the cheap bottle was described as“weak”and“flat”, withonly 12 of the experts recommending it. The study made the researcher unpopularwith the French wine tasters, but he did prove that price has a significant impact on taste.63. Which of the following statements about Silibil N’ Brains is true?A. Talent spotters fell in love with them at first sight.B. They are from the West Coast of America.C. Their success was attributed to behaving and sounding like American rappers.D. They were friends with famous stars like Madonna even before they succeeded.64. The underlined phrase “with our tail between our legs”indicates that __________________.A. their first audition proved a failureB. they felt proud of their performanceC. they learned a valuable lessonD. being humble might contribute to their future success65. We can infer from the second factor that __________________________.A. some artists are better known when they are alive than when they are deadB. public taste usually falls behind famous artistsC. beauty at first sight lasts much longerD. Monet’s paintings are priceless be cause of their incompleteness66. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A.A price tag always fails to indicate the quality of a product.B. A price tag is less likely to confuse customers than the packaging.C. Low price will make the wine unpopular with tasters.D. A price tag will cloud a person’s judgement of something.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Mountains.B. Scientists think the research shows that pandas are very clever.C. Pandas eat bamboo all day long except when they are sleeping or playing.D. The gene for their “umami taste receptors”became inactive.E. They fed on them until they went back down the mountain and started eating Bashaniafargesii leaves again.F. Scientists have conducted many studies on pandas’eating habits.Are Bamboo-Eating Pandas Really Herbivores?On the outside, giant pandas look like herbivores(食草动物). They spend nearly all of their waking hours eating bamboo.But on the inside, they’re built like carnivores(食肉动物). Abouthalf of the calories they eat come from protein, according to anew study.The ancestor of giant pandas were omnivorous(杂食的). They ate both animals and plants, and had the digestive system and gut bacteria to metabolize(使发生新陈代谢) them. They had “umami taste receptors,” to appreciate the flavors of meat.However, about 2.4 million years ago, things began to change. 67 Their jaw and teeth evolved to help them crush bamboo, and their wrist bone became capable of grasping the stalks(秆) of their favorite plant. Scientists think pandas switched to eating bamboopartly because they didn’t have to fight with other animals to get it. Bamboo is high in fiber but has a low concentration of nutrients, so pandas have to eat 20 to 40 pounds of the plant every day just to get by.David Raubenheimer, a nutritional ecologist at the University of Sydney, and his colleagues put GPS trackers on two giant pandas and followed their movements throughout the year. They discovered that the pandas followed the protein. 68 At the start of the cycle, they ate Bashaniafargesii leaves until they got the chance to feast on young shoots, which contained more protein.The more the shoots grew, the more their protein was diluted (冲淡) by fiber. That caused the pandas to move to higher ground, where Fargesiaqinlingensis grew. First, they ate the shoots, but these, too, went from being protein-rich to fiber-rich as they grew. The pandas responded by switching to the leaves. 69 The researchers found that about half of the calories the pandas ate were in the form of protein.70 “They can know exactly where to go, and when to go, so they can get the most of the nutrients that their ecosystem can provide,”said Silvia Pineda-Munoz, who was not involved in the study.The work also shows that classifying an animal as herbivore or carnivore is more complex than one might assume. “It’s not whether you’re eating plants but what part of the plants you’re eating,” said Pineda-Munoz.IV. Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.71. Herbal MedicineHerbal medicine, which has been used for medicinal purposes, is the use of plants to treat diseases. Many herbalists use the entire plant, from the flowers, stems, leaves, and roots, in the form of everything from teas to pills. These plants contain natural, chemical things that can treat the body for a variety of diseases，such as allergies, asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, migraine, chronic fatigue, and cancer, among others.Nowadays an increasing number of people prefer to adopt these plants to treat their diseases because, compared with chemical medicine, herbal medicine has its own advantages. Herbal medicine and remedies are more effective than chemical medicine for certain diseases. The chemical medicine given by a chemist could have certain negative side effects. However, many of the herbal medicine and remedies do not have negative side effects. If any, they are softer than chemical medicine. Obesity is the cause of many of the health problems. Herbal medicine can help weightloss more effectively and improve overall health.However, the cure using herbal medicine and supplements would take some time, and therefore people are supposed to possess enough patience. Worse still, herbal medicine contains a variety of ingredients and people have to be sure that their body agrees with the ingredients and that it is not allergic (过敏).A point worth mentioning here is thatherbal remedies and medicine for certain illnesses may have negative side effects. These side effects may not be shown at once, but would take months or even years. In the early stages, if the herbal medicine is not agreeing with you, it is wise to stop using it.When used correctly and directed by doctors, herbs can help treat a variety of diseases. But keep in mind that the herbal medicine industry is not regulated, so herbal products are often misleading and may contain additivesthat are not listed on the label. Some herbs may cause allergic reactions or interact with other drugs, and some are poisonous if used improperly or at high doses. Taking herbs on your own increases your risk.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.一闻到这种蛋糕的味道我就总会想起童年。