2020届高考英语二轮复习语法专题训练：情态动词和虚拟语气 Word版含解析

专题限时训练(九) [情态动词与虚拟语气]( )1. —How much shall I pay for the phone call?—You________. This is free of charge.A．shouldn’t B．can’t C．don’t have to D．mustn’t( )2. —May I leave the office before 5 o’clock in the afternoon?—No，I’m afraid you ________.A．needn’t B. wouldn’t C．mustn’t D．won’t( )3. The outbreak of SARS tells us that a sound public health system ________ be built up and strengthened in our country.A．should B．can C．will D．may( )4. —Shall I tell John about it?—No，you ________. I don’t know his telephone number.A．needn’t B. wouldn’t C．mustn’t D．shouldn’t( )5. Often when I passed the village，I________ them working on the farm.A．will see B．would see C．must have seen D．must see( )6. Mr Bush is on time for everything. How ________ it be that he was late for the opening ceremony?A．can B．should C．may D．must( )7. My parents never remember my phone number，and they always________ look it up every time they call me.A．can B．must C．should D．have to( )8. The traffic light is red，so I ________ stop my car.A．must B．have to C．can D．mustn’t( )9. —Will you stay for another hour?—Sorry，I________. One of my best friends is coming to see me.A．mustn’t B．can’t C．needn’t D．won’t( )10. —What happened to the young trees we planted?—the trees ________well，but I didn’t water them.A．might grow B．needn’t have grownC．would grow D．would have grown( )11. You can’t imagine such a shy girl ________ be so brave to say that.A．might B．need C．should D．would( )12. —Write to me when you get home.—________.A．I must B．I should C．I will D．I can( )13. He was taken away by the police. He ________ for a robber.A．must be mistaken B．must have been mistakenC．must mistake D．must have mistaken( )14. —________I visit Lucy on Sunday，Mum?—Yes，you________.A．Must; can B．May; mayC．Need; need D．May; need( )15. Mary got up early，but she ________ so，because she had no work to do that morning.A．can not have done B．must not have doneC．shouldn’t have done D．needn’t have done( )16. —Don’t forget to bring my new books tomorrow afternoon.—No，I ________.A．don’t B．can’t C．won’t D．couldn’t( )17. When a friend of mine gave me a ticket for the game，I________ go.A．couldn’t help B．can’t butC．couldn’t help but D．just have to( )18. —I hear you’ve got a set of Australian coins. ________ I have a look?—Yes，certainly.A．Do B．May C．Will D．Should( )19. There is nothing to do，so I ________ as well go to bed.A．may B．should C．can D．would( )20. He seldom listens to others. He ________ answer for what he has done.A．shall B．will C．can D．would1. C shouldn’t意为“不应该”；can’t意为“不能”；don’t have to意为“不必”；mustn’t意为“禁止”。

1.It was sad to me that they, so poor themselves, ________ bring me food.A. mightB. wouldC. shouldD. could2. It might have saved me some trouble ________ the schedule.A. did I knowB. have I knownC. do Iknow D. had I known3. If it ________ for his invitation the other day, I should not be here now.A. had not beenB. should not beC. were not to beD. should not have been4. ________ not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.A. It wereB. Were itC. It wasD. Was it5. There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I________ a second chance to become more involved.A. hadB. will haveC. would havehad D. have had6. It’s strange that he ________ have taken the books without the owner’s permission.A. wouldB. shouldC. couldD. might7. He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he________ it differently.A. could expressB. would expressC. could have expressedD. must have expressed8. I can’t find my purse. I ________ it in the super market yesterday, but I’m not sure.A. should leaveB. must have leftC. couldleave D. might have left9. If we ________ the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach now.A. had caughtB. caughtC. havecaught D. would catch10. They might have found a better hotel if they ________ a few more kilometers.A. droveB. would driveC. were todrive D. had driven1. --- When did you attend Lucy’s birthda y party?--- Last night. You ________ the excited look on her face when I turned up.A. should seeB. should have seenC. mustsee D. must have seen2. ________ you give me a trial, I will do my best to afford you every satisfaction.A. MayB. CanC. ShouldD. Shall3.The effort which the formation and the intensive reading of this letter call for ________ , had my character not required it to be written and read.A. should have been sparedB. must have been sparedC. need have been sparedD. will have been spared4. The new supermarket has announced that the first to purchase goods on the opening day ________ get a big prize.A. mustB. shallC. shouldD. can5. I owe my current success to David, my best friend since childhood, without whom I have no idea where I ________ today.A. amB. wasC. would havebeen D. would be6. If it had not b een for the heroes’ contributions and sacrifices, we ________ such a happy life.A. wouldn’t have ledB. wouldn’t be leadingC. haven’t ledD. are not leading7. Every solid object ________ reflect a sound, varying according to the size and nature of the object.A. mustB. shallC. willD. should8. My son is going to abandon himself to the Internet this summer, but I would rather he _______ in some sports activities.A. would participateB. had participatedC. participatedD. should participate9. --- How can I achieve my goal I set for myself in high school, Dad?--- The first thing you must remember is that in order to succeed, it is almost compulsory that you ________ be optimistic.A. mustB. needC. shallD. should10. --- Sir, is Tom to be sent to America on business this time?--- Well, ________ he agree to go!A. wouldB. mightC. couldD. should11. --- Could you give me a ride to the railway station? I’m going to be late.--- I’ll take the nearest route. You ________ be in time for the train.A. shallB. canC. mayD. need12. Online learning resources would cease to be effective or even have negative effects ________ to use them wisely and flexibly.A. should the students failB. if the students failC. had the students failedD. if the students have failed13. --- Mr. Wang, I got zero on Answer Sheet One. Could you help me correct it?--- No, it ________ be marked by the machine. Mark your test number with a pencil 2B next time.A. needB. canC. shallD. may14. While it wasn’t t he goal of the trip, I was rewarded with fresh insights, ones that ________ to me during the regular course of business.A. needn’t have happenedB. shouldn’t have happenedC. would never have happenedD. must have happened15. But for the heavy snow at the beginning of this year, lots of people wouldn’t have fallen over and my aunt________ in bed due to her broken left leg now.A. wouldn’t be stayedB. wouldn’t have stayedC. wouldn’t be sta yingD. wouldn’t have been stayed16. --- I forgot all about yesterday’s party.--- I ________, too, but for my secretary’s vocal reminder.A. didB. couldC. have hadD. would have17. --- It was Adam who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I ________ it?--- Oh, I’m just asking.A. didB. have doneC. haddone D. am doing18. --- Do you still remember when we went to Nanjing? --- I can’t re member now, but ________ sometime last summer?A. might it have beenB. could it have beenC. could it beD. might it be19. --- Carla ________ go to that historical museum after school when she was a teenager.--- No wonder she is so familiar with it.A. couldB. shouldC. mightD. would20. --- How long do you think the project will take?--- I should say about three months, but it ________ take longer if something unexpected happened.A. couldB. canC. mustD. will1. ________ about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy ________.A. Should I know; will be savedB. If I had known; can be savedC. Had I known; would have been savedD. Did I know; was saved2 . --- How do you find the club?--- I ______ it. Everyone is saying its management is going from bad to worse.A. couldn’t have joinedB. might have joinedC. would rather not have joinedD. would like to have joined3. ---What time ____ I pick you up at your house tomorrow, sir?---I haven't decided on the time. But I will call you.A. mayB. canC. willD. shall4. --- Jack, take more clothes when going camping. It______ be very cold in the mountains.---Thank you, Mum. I will.A. canB. shouldC. shallD. must5. Don’t be always jealous of others and full of hatred. It_______ affect your appearance.A．could B．must C．shall D．Should6.`---Waiter! How soon can I get my food? I just have half an hour left before my train leaves.---- It________ be ready in five minutes.A. mayB. shouldC. could D need7. _______ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge.A. WereB. ShouldC. WouldD. Will8. Attention, please. All of you students _______ remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected.A. canB. willC. mayD. shall9. He ______ a great man with his gift and efforts, but in fact he became a slave to power gradually.A. must have beenB. needn't have beenC. might have beenD. could have been10. _________ the still life unique at the time, it would be very valuable, I think.A. WereB. WasC. If wasD. Had11.It _________ have been Tom that parked the car here, as he is the only one with a car.A. mayB. canC. mustD. should12. What could have happened, ________, as far as the river bank?A. as Bob walked fartherB. if Bob should walk fartherC. had Bob walked fartherD. if Bob walked farther13. They were all surprised that such an excellent student _____have failed the entrance exam.A. wouldB. must C .should D. shall14. Look! If we had begun to do the work yesterday morning, we _____ ourselves just like them．A. would have enjoyedB. were to enjoyC. should enjoyD. would be enjoying15. Can you imagine that a smart man like him___________ make such a stupid mistake?A. mightB. shouldC. wouldD. need16. — Did they attend the opening ceremony?—They ________ , but they were late and quit it.A. wouldB. would haveC. didn'tD. will have to17. — What shall I do if I get lost in England ?—Ask whoever is available in the street for help, just as you _________do in our ownCountry.A. shouldB. mustC. mightD. will18. — What do you think of Peter?— He ______ be really difficult to get along with even though he’s a nice person in general.A. shallB. shouldC. mustD. can19. The local government took many effective measures to meet the requirement that all thechildren _____vaccinated before starting school.A. must beB. areC. will beD. be20. ---The terrible accident is under investigation.---Actually, quicker action _____ those workers trapped in the mine.A. may have savedB. could have savedC. must have savedD. should have saved21. You _____ fail to pass the entrance examination if you don’t study harder.A. couldB. mustC. shallD. should22. ---Would you have told him the news had it been possible?---I would have, but I _____ so busy then.A. had beenB. wasC. wereD. would be23. You could have watched the movie Transformers 3 last night. Why _____ you?A. didn'tB. haven'tC. hadn'tD. shouldn't24. --- You ________ have bothered doing the washing-up. --- That’s OK, No problem.A. wouldn’tB. mustn’tC. shouldn’tD. couldn’t25. They are brothers and sisters, but they do not always agree as well as they__________.Quarrels break out now and then.A. canB. shouldC. mayD. will26. Mr. Smith was having a meeting at that time; otherwise he _______ over to help us.A. would have comeB. would comeC. had comeD. was going to come27. We ______ for the spring outing last week had it not been for the heavy fog.A. would goB. could goC. could have goneD. must have gone28. — How are we going to the railway station?— By bus! Attempting to call a taxi in our city, especially during rush hour, _______ be an exercise in frustration.A. shouldB. used toC. canD. has to29. — School is over. How can we contact Robert?— Try phoning him. He ________ be home by now. He lives only a stone's throw from the school.A. wouldB. willC. shouldD. shall30. We shall hardly please everyone, nor is it necessary that we _________.A. needB. shouldC. canD. may31. The delay in diagnosis often leads to worse health issues that _______ potentiallypreventable if they had been given the access in the country where they were working.A. could have beenB. should have beenC. must have beenD. need have been32. Foreign Ministry spokesman said China had made representations to Canada, requiring it_______ the reason for the arrest of Meng Wanzhou, CFO of Huawei.A. clarifyB. would clarifyC. clarifiesD. will clarify33. Pele had bags of natural talent, but he _______ without the determination to deal with all theproblems life threw in his path.A. would never succeedB. never succeededC. would never have succeededD. have never succeeded34. Last night, I_________ to be fully absorbed in my work, but found myself disturbed by noises from my neighbour upstairs.A. had intendedB. were intendedC.intended D. had been intended35. — ______you need any help, feel free to contact me. — Thank you for your kindness.A. MayB. WillC. ShallD. Should36. In the film, the actor threw himself off the horse as if______to death.A. shotB. shootingC. to be shotD. having shot37. “If no one __________ the rubbish,” an environmentalist pointed out, “the street wouldsoon become dirty, the number of rats would increase, and the disease would spread.”A. collectsB. will collectC. is to collectD. were to collect38. —It’s really great to have a computer to store my photos.―Don’t count on it too much. It _______ break down and you’d better make a copy of them.A. mustB. canC. shouldD. will39. — What a pity! You missed my birthday party.— Terribly sorry! ___________ my uncle not visited me unexpectedly.A. ShouldB. WouldC. HadD. Did40. --- How dangerous it was!--- Yes, but for the passer-by’s quick action, the girl________.A. was drownedB. could have been drownedC. had drownedD. should be drowned情态动词和虚拟语气1-5 CDABA 6-10 BCDAD1-5 BCABD 6-10 BCCDD 11-15 AACCC 16-20 DCBDA1-5 CCDAC 6-10 BBDDA 11-15 CCCDB 16-20 BCDDB21-25 CBACB 26-30 ACCCB 31-35 AACAD 36-40 ADBCB。

考点13 情态动词和虚拟语气【命题解读】英语中常用的情态动词主要有can，could，may，might，must，will，would，shall，should，ought to，dare，need，used to，had better等。

在学习情态动词时应注意以下几点：同一情态动词表示不同的意义的情况；情态动词后跟各种形式的用法；尤其要注意＂情态动词+完成式＂是高考中的重点所在。

对虚拟语气的考查重点在于根据句子的语境灵活多样地运用虚拟语气，宾语从句中虚拟语气的应用，交际用语中为表示委婉而使用的虚拟语气，含蓄条件句中的虚拟语气，以及特殊句型中的虚拟语气等。

【命题预测】情态动词是2021年各地高考试题中的必考项目，每年高考单独命题区的单项填空必有一道考查情态动词的项目。

新课标卷主要在语法填空和短文改错中考查。

考点依次是：推测(可能性)→请求/允许→必要性→特殊用法。

试题的立意不偏不怪，但有效信息越来越隐蔽，语境越来越真实，考查角度越来越细致，这些因素在很大程度上增加了试题的难度。

情态动词和虚拟语气与动词的时态和语态相结合的考查是近年来高考的趋势。

【复习建议】情态动词：1. 掌握情态动词的基本用法；2. 掌握情态动词表达＂情感、态度、语气等＂方面的用法。

虚拟语气：1. 掌握虚拟语气的基本用法；2. 掌握含蓄虚拟条件句的用法；3. 掌握主从句时间不一致的虚拟条件句的用法；情态动词考向一情态动词的基本用法1）can，could与be able to1．表示能力，意为＂能，会＂。

☞Many people can use the computer.许多人会用电脑。

☞If you have a good sleep，you will be able to work out this problem.如果你好好睡一觉，你将能够解出这道题。

☞I could have worked out the problem，but I was too nervous.我本来可以解决这个问题，但我太紧张了。

情态动词的用法复杂多变，在高考试题中占的比重一直比较稳定，每年总有一至两个题，可以单独考查，也可以结合虚拟语气考查。

命题者常常利用语境和句子之间意义上的细微差别来考查考生对情态动词的理解和掌握，难度也保持较为稳定的趋势。

其考点主要包括：1．考查情态动词的基本用法。

如： can和could的用法及区别； will和would的用法及区别； must 的用法； shall用于不同人称时的用法和should的各种用法； need的用法等。

2．考查情态动词的“推测”功能。

如：can，could，may，might，must 皆可表示推测，使用时要注意以下几点：(1)注意语气。

语气较强用must, cannot，couldn't; 语气较弱用may，might或can，could;(2)注意句式。

在肯定句中，一般用may，might，must; 在否定句、疑问句中常用can，could; (3)注意时态。

表示对现在或将来的情况的推测，此时通常用“情态动词＋动词原形”结构；表示对现在或将来正在进行的情况进行推测，通常用“情态动词＋进行体”结构；表示对过去情况的推测，通常用“情态动词＋完成体”结构。

3．考查情态动词的特殊用法。

如：(1)cannot/can't 与too/over/enough/perfectly/sufficiently 等词连用，意为“越……越……”“无论怎样……，……也不为过”“决不会……，……够(过)”。

(2)cannot wait to do sth意为“急于做某事”。

(3)would 和used to的区别； can 和be able to的区别。

(4)“may/might well＋动词原形”意为“理应，有足够的理由”；“may/might as well＋动词原形”意为“还不如，不妨，还是……的好”。

(5)must意为“偏要，硬要”； can用在肯定句中，可以表示客观上的可能性； shall用在法律、条约、协定等文件中可以表示义务、规定等； should表示估计或推测上的“应该”，意为“可能，该，估计，按理应当”； will 可以表示习惯性和倾向性，意为“惯于，老是，终归是”等。

专题七情态动词与虚拟语气情态动词的基本用法情态动词具有一定的词义，没有人称和数的变化，必须和其他动词一起构成谓语，用来表示愿望、态度或推测等。

1．表示能力(1)表示现在的能力⎩⎨⎧canam/is/are able to(2)表示将来的能力：will be able to (3)表示过去的能力⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧could 表示过去的能力，不表示是否做was/were able to 表示过去有能力做，并且成功地做了 相当于：managed to do sth. /succeeded in doing sth.could have done 表示过去本来能够做但未做I can 't promise anything, but I 'll do what I can . 我不能许诺什么，但我会尽力而为。

(表示现在的能力)The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone was able to get out. 尽管这场大火迅速蔓延到了这个宾馆，但是每个人都逃了出去。

(表示过去有能力做并且成功地做了)I could have worked out the problem, but I was too nervous.我本来可以解出这道题，但我太紧张了。

(表示本来有能力做但未做) 2．表示推测(可能性)可能性可分为客观的可能性和具体事情实际发生的可能性两种。

(1)客观的可能性并不表示具体某事是否会发生，而用来说明人或事物的特征．．．．．．．．．。

情态动词can 可用于肯定句中表示客观的(或理论的)可能性，而表示具体事情实际发生的可能性时， can 一般不用于肯定句。

Accidents can happen on such rainy days.在这样的多雨天气里可能会发生事故。

(表示客观的可能性) We may go to the cinema tonight, but we are not sure yet. 今晚我们可能去看电影，但还没确定。

情态动词和虚拟语气高考中英语里常出现的情态动词主要有can，could，may，might，must，will，would，shall，should，ought to，dare，need，used to，had better等。

在学习情态动词时应注意以下几点：同一情态动词表示不同的意义的情况；情态动词后跟各种形式的用法；特别是注意“情态动词+完成式〞是高考中的重点所在。

高考中的虚拟语气一般与情态动词结合进展考查。

情态动词是各地高考试题中的必考项目，每年高考单独命题区单项填空必有一道考查情态动词的项目。

新课标卷主要在语法填空和短文改错中考查。

考点依次是：推测(可能性)→请求/允许→必要性→特殊用法。

试题的立意不偏不怪，但有效信息越来越隐蔽，语境越来越真实，考查角度越来越细致，这些因素在很大程度上增加了试题的难度。

考点1情态动词根本含义的考查情态动词的根本含义，一直是高考考查的重要内容。

【典例】The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone ______ get out.A. had toB. wouldC. was able toD. could【答案】C【解析】考查情态动词的根本含义。

had to：不得不；would：表示意愿或过去常常；could倾向于表示经过长期训练而获得的能力；was able to表示经过努力而能够做到的事或成功地做了某事。

因此，答案是C。

【典例】—Jim is very sick these days.He coughs so badly,—In my opinion, he really ____ listen to the doctor and cut down on smoking.A.shouldB.canC.mayD.need【答案】A【解析】此题考查情态动词用法。

句意：——吉姆这些天病得厉害，咳嗽不止。

高考英语二轮情态动词和虚拟语气专题训练1.准确把握情态动词表允许、推测、判断等用法。

2．准确把握情态动词在虚拟语气句子结构中的使用。

3．wish，as if/though，if only，would rather＋从句，It's time＋从句等句型中的虚拟语气。

4．表示“坚持、命令、建议、要求”的词语后及各类从句中的虚拟语气。

5．虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的倒装。

6．2011年高考将重点考查情态动词表“推测和可能性、必要性、请1.(2010·辽宁高考)Doctors say that exercise is important for health，but it ________ be regular exercise.A．can B．willC．must D．may解析：考查情态动词辨析。

句意：医生说，锻炼对于健康很重要，但是必须是有规律的锻炼。

情态动词must表示“必须”，符合句意。

答案：C2．(2010·四川高考)—________ I take the book out?—I'm afraid not.A．Will B．MayC．Must D．Need解析：考查情态动词。

may表示征求对方的许可。

句意：“我能将书带出吗？”“恐怕不行。

”答案：B3．(2010·重庆高考)You ________ park here！It's an emergency exit.A．wouldn't B．needn'tC．couldn't D．mustn't解析：考查情态动词。

根据题干中的“emergency exit”可知“此处是不允许停车的”，故用mustn't表示禁止。

答案：D4．(2011·长春一模)—Jane walked past me without greeting.—She ________ you.A．can't see B．couldn't seeC．can't have seen D．mustn't have seen解析：考查情态动词的用法。