2019年高考英语一轮精选练Unit2TheUnitedKingdom含解析新人教版必修520180831168

Unit 2 The United Kingdom一、阅读理解。

（2018·唐山一模）When you’re walking on your way through one of life’s storms，it is human nature to focus on getting back to normal，to “bounce back” as quickly as possible to a place where things are calm，familiar and comfortable.However，actually it is unrealistic to think we can ever truly return emotionally and intelligently to where we were before the storm because every experience changes us in some way.For example，when we experience a major health scare，possibly involving some hospital time，we can never go back to being the person we were before the event even if we fully recover because we have experienced firsthand the fragility（脆弱） of life，not to mention coming face to face with death.So，now that we can never return，what should we do？Consider this...how is it that two people can be faced with the same hardship and while one becomes hopeless and feels anger and upset，the other is able to overcome their circumstances and grows stronger than ever as a result of the experience？At one extreme，we may choose to accept the role of unlucky victim，or become trapped in the “Why is it always me！” negative and frustrating （令人沮丧的） situations.Either way is the result of a fixed mindset （思维模式） that is resistant to growth and change.If this is your approach to life，you will be far less likely to be active in effectively managing change and recovering from bad situations.But there is another choice.If you are honest enough，you may considerwhat was once “normal” for you was just the main cause of your storm.You can choose to hug change and uncertainty and learn to grow forward through all of your experiences.Of course，this means doing the work to develop the skills and habits that will enable you to handle life’s occasional storms.In conclusion，it is up to each of us to choose the meaning we apply to our situations at all times.Different choices will lead to different lives.Of course you can grow forward if you are determined to choose to live a positive life regardless of whatever hardships you are facing.【解题导语】在面对生活中的“暴风雨”的时候，人们总是希望回到原来的正常生活轨迹，但是这几乎是不可能的。

[推荐学习]2019年高考英语一轮巩固达标练题Unit2TheUnitedKingdom含解析The United Kingdom李仕才一、阅读理解。

Elon Musk was born in South Africa, in 1971.A crazy fan of computers, by the age of twelve, Musk had written the code(代码) for his own video game, which he sold for a profit.He attended Queen’s University in Canada, and transferred(转到) to the University of Pennsylvania, where he earned twobachelo r’s degrees, economics and physics. He was admitted to Stanford University in California, intending to earn a PhD in energy physics.First Company—Zip2 CorporationIn 1995, at the age of 24, Musk dropped out of Stanford University after just two days of classes to start his first company Zip2Corporation. It was an online city guide that provided content for the new online versions of The New York Times and the Chicago Tribune newspapers. In 1999, Musk got $ 22 million from the sale of Zip2.Online BankingIn 1999, Elon Musk started X．com with $ 10 million dollars from the sale of Zip2. X. com was an online bank, and he was credited with inventing a method of securely transferring money using a rec eiver’s e­mail address.PayPalIn 2000, X. com bought a company called Confinity, which had started an Internet money­transfer process called PayPal. Elon Musk dropped the online banking focus to concentrate on becoming a global payment transfer provider. In 2002, eBay bought PayPal for $ 1.5 billion.Space Exploration TechnologiesIn 2002, Elon Musk started SpaceX. He is a long­standing member of the Mars Society,a non­profit organization that supports the exploration of Mars, and Musk is interested in building a greenhouse on Mars. SpaceX has been developing rocket technologies to enable Musk’s project.Tesla MotorsIn 2004, Elon Musk cofounded Tesla Motors, of which he is the only product architect. Tesla Motors builds electric vehicles. The company has built an electric sports car, the Tesla Roadster.SolarCityIn 2006, Elon Musk cofounded SolarCity, a photovoltaic(光电的) products and services company with his cousin Lyndon Rive.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了埃隆·马斯克的人生经历和伟大成就。

必修5 Unit 2 The United Kingdom英国晨读·记忆Sightseeing in the United KingdomAfter the wedding, my cousin and his wife went to the United Kingdom for nationwide sightseeing. He faxed a letter to me in English yesterday. To my delight, he no longer made any tense error. And his description roughly clarified my questions about the UK--its currency, its administration, the institution which divides it into four provinces, and the historical conflicts and quarrels when Southern Ireland broke away from the UK.Unwilling to leave out any attraction, my cousin arranged his enjoyable journey carefully. One attractive place he visited was a castle in the countryside of Scotland, which lies near a port. It used to be the headquarters of the Communism Union but broke down during the war. Finding nothing could take the place of this splendid architecture, people accomplished rebuilding it in 1952. It was to their credit that all furnished rooms are consistent with what they used to be. My cousin was thrilled by its collections consisting of statues plus royal uniforms folded in glass tanks. Though there was no possibility to buy some of these exhibits, it was convenient to take photos, which he sent me along with his fax.观光联合王国我的表弟和他妻子在举办了婚礼后到联合王国做全国旅游观光去了.他昨天传真了一封英文信给我，让我高兴的是，他再也不犯时态错误了，而且他的描述也粗略地向我阐明了关于英国的一些问题——它的货币啦，行政管理啦，把它分成四个行政区的制度啦，还有在南爱尔兰脱离联合王国时发生的一些历史上的冲突和争拗.因为不愿意漏掉任何一个景点，我表弟仔细地安排了他愉快的旅程.他参观的其中一个吸引人的地方是苏格兰乡村的一个城堡.城堡靠近一座港口，曾经是共产主义联盟会的总部，但是在战争中倒塌了.人们发现没有任何东西可以取代这座辉煌的建筑，于是在1952年完成了重建.值得赞扬的是，所有配备家具的房间都和它们过去一致的.由雕像加折叠在玻璃柜里的皇家制服组成的收藏品使我表弟震撼不已.尽管没有可能购买这些展览品，拍照却很方便，他在传真中一起发给了我.I.单词盘点1.__________(vi.&vt.) 联合；团结→__________(adj.) 联合的；团结的→ __________(n.) 联合；联盟；结合；协会2.___________(n.) 王国3.___________(vi.) 组成；在于；一致→__________(adj.) 一致的4.___________(n.) 省；行政区5.__________(vt.) 澄清；阐明6.__________ (vt.) 完成7.___________(n.) 矛盾；冲突II.短语回顾1.由……组成__________________2.把……分成__________________3.说到；谈到；参考；涉及__________________4.挣脱（束缚）；脱离__________________5.为……带来荣誉；值得赞扬；在……名下__________________6.省去；遗漏；不考虑__________________7.代替__________________8.（机器）损坏；破坏__________________9.为了纪念__________________10动身去某地__________________ III.句式扫描IV.小试牛刀Ⅰ.单词填空1.There are many_______________ (attract) in my hometown,which are attractive and attract many tourists from all over the country every year.2.If it is_______________(convenience) to you，I will visit you next weekend.3.Our headmaster________________(arrange) for me to show the visitors around our school.4.I was ______________(delight) to hear the news of your success.5.The purse found on the playground matches the _______________(describe) made by Mary, so it must be hers.6.The factory is well____________(furnish) with modern equipment.7. The charming scenery and the hot spring baths combine to make the traveler’s stay there most ______________ (enjoy).8.They ______________(quarrel) with each other but soon made up.9.It is ______________(possibility) that there's an explanation for all of this.10.The Chinese government________________(clarify) its position.11.I am not sure exactly how much money you will receive, but it will ____________ (rough) cover your major expense.12.She was_____________ (thrill) by so many wonderful treasures from different cultures displayed in the museum.13.This is a good chance to go abroad，so she is__________________(willing) to give it up.Ⅱ.短语填空1.This word is wrongly spelt.You have ______________ a letter.2.The professor has suddenly fallen ill.Who can _______________ him to give the lecture?3.The Roman Empire _________________ in 476 AD.4.The museum was built ______________ the great writer—Lu Xun.5.The country _________________ nearly 200 islands.6.The cake ___________________ four parts for us to share.7.My teacher ________________ me.Without his instruction，I doubt if I could be so successful.8. It was much _____________________that she overcame all the difficulties and succeeded.9. Nowadays many farmers want to ___________________farming and make a living in cities.Ⅲ.单句填词1.____________by the beauty of nature, the girl decided to spend another two days on the farm.(attract)2.I didn’t expect that he would be delighted____________my suggestion .(ta ke)3.The class consisting________80 students is hard to manage.4.It is important that we_________________calm when we are facing difficulties.(keep)5.Let’s discuss the matter at your _________________.(convenient)IV. 单句改错1. What a lot of works I have to finish today!2. There are three hundreds and sixty-five days in a year.3. She gave the books to you, him and I.4. The door was widely open.5. The teacher told us that the sun rose in the east.6. Mr. Smith and Mrs. Smith are teacher.7. Hardly had I reached the bus stop than the bus started.8. I enjoy work with you.9. This is the museum where I once visited.English or Chinglish？发短信Instant messagingA friend of mine once went on a date with a girl.He didn't really like her that much but she seemed to like him .She kept sending messages but he didn't reply. At one point，the girl got frustrated and sent a message which read“I hate you.You're so cool!”What she really wanted to say was“我恨你，你怎么这么冷漠?!”which could be expressed as“I hate you .You're so cold(hearted)!”一次，我的一位朋友和一个女孩子约会.他并不很喜欢她，而那个女孩似乎很喜欢他.她一直都在给他发短信，不旦他都不回.最后，女孩很懊恼，发了条短信"i hate you. you're so cool(我讨厌你，你太酷了)”她真正想说的是“我恨你，你怎么那么冷漠?!”其实应该这样表达:"I hate you. you're so cold(hearted)!”知识扩展·与“酷”相关的词汇：fashionable adj.流行的，时髦的trendy n.新潮人物，穿着时髦的人stylish adj.时髦的，漂亮的，流行的Be with it 时髦与“冷漠”相关的词汇：cold-hearted adj.冷淡无情的indifferent adj.冷漠的remote adj.疏远的——摘自Kirk Kenny《笑死我的英文书》参考答案I.单词盘点1.unite；united；union2.kingdom3.consist；consistent4.province5.clarify6.accomplish7.conflict8.unwilling9.credit 10.currency 11.institution 12.convenience 13.rough；roughly 14.attract；attractive；attraction 15.architecture 16.collection 17.administration ；administrate18.countryside 19.enjoyable；enjoy 20.opportunity 21.description；describe 22.furnished；furniture 23.fax 24.possibility 25.plus 26.quarrel 27.alike 28.arrange；arrangement 29.wedding 30.fold 31.sightseeing 32.delight 33.royal 34.uniform 35.splendid 36.statue munism 38.thrill 39.pot 40.error 41.tenseII.短语回顾1.consist of2.divide...into...3.refer to4.break away from5.to one’s credit6.leave out7.take the place of8.break down9.in memory/honor of 10.leave forIV.小试牛刀Ⅰ.单词填空1.attractions2.convenient3.arranged/arranges4.delighted5.descriptions6.furnished7.enjoyable8.quarreled9.possible10.has clarified 11.roughly 12.thrilled 13.unwillingⅡ.短语填空1.left out2.take the place of3.broke down4.in memory of5.consists of6.is divided into7.has an influence on8.to her credit9.break away fromⅢ.单句填词1.attracted2.to take3.of4.(should) keep5.convenienceⅣ.单句改错1.works 改为work2.hundreds改为hundred3.I改为me4.widely改为wide5.rose改为rises6.teacher改为teachers 7.than改为when 8.work改为working 9.where改为which或that。

【2019-2020】高考英语一轮复习练习题Unit2TheUnitedKingdom（含解析）新人教版必修5United Kingdom李仕才一、阅读理解阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

New York City, for example, is near a large harbour at the mouth of the Hudson River. Over 300 years its population grew gradually from 800 people to 8 million. But not all cities develop slowly over a long period of time. Boom towns grow from nothing almost overnight. In 1896, Dawson, Canada, was unmapped wilderness(荒野). But gold was discovered there in 1897, and two years later, it was one of the largest cities in the West, with a population of 30,000.Dawson did not have any of the natural conveniences of cities like London or Paris. People went there for gold. They travelled over snow-covered mountains and sailed hundreds of miles up icy rivers. The path to Dawson was covered with thirty feet of wet snow that could fall without warming. An avalanche(雪崩) once closed the path, killing 63 people. For many who made it to Dawson, however, the rewards were worth the difficult trip. Of the first 20,000 people who dug for gold, 4,000 got rich. About 100 of these stayed rich men for the rest of their lives.But no matter how rich they were, DawsonDawson depended on had all been found. The city was crowded with disappointed people with no interest in settling down, and when they heard there were new gold discoveries in Alaska, they left Dawson CityDawson City — its present population is 762.1. What attracted the early settlers to New York City?A. Its business culture.B. Its small population.C. Its geographical position.D. Its favourable climate.2. What do we know about those who first dug for gold in Dawson?A. Two-thirds of them stayed there.B. One out of five people got rich.C. Almost everyone gave up.D. Half of them died.3. What was the main reason for many people to leave Dawson?A. They found the city too crowded.B. They wanted to try their luck elsewhere.C. They were unable to stand the winter.D. They were short of food.4. What is the text mainly about?A. The rise and fall of a city.B. The gold rush in Canada.C. Journeys into the wilderness.D. Tourism in Dawson.【话题解读】这是一篇说明文。

Unit 2 The United Kingdom李仕才一、阅读理解。

Scientists in Britain have managed to teach bumblebees(大黄蜂) to pull strings to get to food and then pass on what they have learned to others in their colony(群体)—showing a high level of intelligence despite their tiny brains.Researchers at Queen Mary University of London said the experiments, often used to test the intelligence of apes (猿) and birds, showed for the first time that some insects are up to the task, and can also pass skills on through several generations.The findings add to the evidence suggesting the ability for ＂culture spread＂— the ability to learn and pass on knowledge and skills — may not be exclusive to humans.In the research, published in the journal PLOS Biology on Tuesday, the scientists were able to train 23 out of a group of 40 bees to pull strings with their legs and feet.The strings were attached to discs —or artificial ＂flowers＂—containing food at their center but placed under a transparent screen. The bees, spotting the food beneath the screen, learned to pull the ＂flowers＂ out by pulling the string with their legs and feet to be able to get to it.From another group of bees given the chance to solve the task without any training, only two of 110 were successful.Another group of bees was then allowed to observe the trained bees pulling the strings, and 60 percent of them successfully learned the skill. Finally, trained bees were put in colonies, and the scientists found the technique spread successfully to a majority of the colony’s work er bees.Lars Chittka, a Queen Mary University professor who guided the project, said the team is interested in figuring out the brain processes behind the bees’ learning and teaching skills.1.What does the underlined word ＂exclusive＂ in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Ordinary.B. Unique.C. Beneficial.D. Widespread.2.What did the researchers find about bees?A. Bees learn best in insects.B. Bees are as clever as birds.C. Bees are born good learners.D. Bees can be trained to learn skills.3.What may the research team focus on next?A. What else bees can do.B. Where bees learn skills.C. How bees teach others.D. How bees’ brain work.4.What may be the best title for the text?A. Small bees, great abilitiesB. Bees can learn and teachC. Bees are smarterD. Let bees learn【文章大意】本文为说明文，属于科普类文章。

Unit 2 The United Kingdom李仕才一、阅读理解ASeveral companies in Europe, the US and Asia have decided to change one of the processes of making chocolate and no longer roast the cacao beans. They insist that growers in Africa and South America leave them outdoors to dry naturally instead. The resulti ng product is called “raw” chocolate.Producers claim that avoiding exposure to oven temperatures allows the preservation of nutrients such as iron, zinc, copper and vitamin C．It's also claimed that uncooked cacao contains higher levels of antioxidants(抗氧化物) than roasted cacao used in most chocolate.“Over the last 10 years, consumers have become more involved in their food and drink，” says Kris McGowan, who runs the Raw Chocolate Company. “They care a lot more about its healthy qualities and c hocolate is no exception.”But Martin Schweizer, professor of biochemistry at Heriot­Watt University, urges caution on describing raw chocolate as a super food until more research is carried out. “We have to look at this in more depth. The research is a t a fairly early stage.”There are concerns that not heating them to about 150 ℃ could mean an increase in bacteria. However, producers insist that, as no animal products are involved, there is no greater risk than when dealing with vegetables such as carrots or lettuces.Jennifer Earle, a writer on chocolate, is unconvinced by it on taste grounds. “It's the quality of the cacao that makes a difference, not whether the chocolate is ‘raw’ or not，” she says. “And if you're talking about health, I'd rat her eat some top­quality ordinary chocolate and have a plate of vegetables afterwards.”【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。

The United Kingdom李仕才一、阅读理解。

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

If you're looking for information you can trust about kids and teens，you've come to the right place.KidsHealth is the most­visited website for information about health，behavior，and development from before birth through the teen years.On a typical weekday，KidsHealth gets as many as a million visits.One of the things that make KidsHealth special is that it's really four sites in one：with sections for parents，for kids，for teens，and for educators.KidsHealth is more than just the facts about health.It also provides families with advice about a wide range of problems that affect children and teens.To do this，our editorial staff always communicates complex medical information in language that readers can understand and use.And all KidsHealth articles, games，and other content go through a rigorous medical review by medical experts to ensure that the information is as reliable and up­to­date as possible.Along the way，KidsHealth has received its share of recognition，including four Webby Awards(Best Family/Parenting Site and Best Health Site on the Web)，the Parent's Choice Gold Award，the Teacher's Choice Award for Family，and the International Pirelli Award for best educational media for students.KidsH ealth cannot take the place of an in­person visit with a doctor，who can perform examinations and answer questions.But we work with foundations and other groups that support our goal：helping with the healthy growth of families.They help to fund additional KidsHealth educational programs and inspire families to make the best choices possible.We welcome you to join us in supporting families.We depend on our millions of visitors to let us know their thoughts about KidsHealth，how we've been helpful，and ways we can improve the site.If you have a correction to request，please send that along，too.I guarantee we'll listen.1．What's the text mainly intended for?A．Introducing a website.B．Advertising for visitors.C．Appealing for sponsorship.D．Drawing attention to kids' health.2．Which of the following words can replace the underlined word“rigorous” inParagraph 3?A．Unnecessary. B．Strict.C．Casual. D．Potential.3．What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about?A．The huge reliability of KidsHealth.B．The wide popularity of KidsHealth.C．The educational role of KidsHealth.D．The great achievements of KidsHealth.4．What can we know about KidsHealth from the text?A．It is not intended for adults.B．It shows only health­related facts.C．It aims at helping families grow up healthily.D．Its contents are sometimes difficult to understand.【解题导语】本文主要介绍了KidsHealth网站的相关信息。

The United Kingdom李仕才一、阅读理解。

Persuasion is to convince someone to agree with you, just like art which also calls for special techniques to accomplish. According to the ancient Greeks, there are three basic tools of persuasion: ethos, pathos and logos.Et hos is a speaker’s way of convincing the audience that he is trustworthy, honest and reliable. One common way a speaker can develop ethos is by explaining how much experience or education he has in the field. After all, you’re more likely to listen to advice about how to take care of your teeth from a dentist than a fireman.Pathos is a speaker’s way of connecting with an audience's emotions. For example, a politician who is trying to convince an audience to vote for him might say that he alone can save the country from a terrible war. These words are intended to fill the audience with fear, thus making them want to vote for him. Similarly, an animal charity might show an audience pictures of injured dogs and cats to make the viewers feel pity, so they will be more likely to donate money.Logos is the use of facts, statistics or other evidence to support your argument. An audience will believe you if you have convincing data to back up your claims. Presenting this evidence is much more persuasive than simply saying “believe me”.Although ethos, pathos and logos all have their strengths, they are often most effective when used together. So, the next time you listen to a speech, watch a commercial or listen to a friend try to convince you to lend him some money, be on the lookout for these ancient Greek tools of persuasion.1.What is the purpose of persuasion?A. To advise somebody to support you.B. To help someone have special skillC. To convince somebody to realize his aim.D. To talk someone into being honest.2.What is a speaker’s way of convincing the audience to trust him?A. Pathos.B. Ethos.C. Logos.D. Education.3.What do a politician and an animal charity have in common?A. Both prevent themselves from being hurt.B. Both save people from terrible wars.C. Both make the audience support them.D. Both persuade people to donate money.4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. Convince the AudienceB. Three Basic Tools of PersuasionC. Believe MeD. Strength of Persuasion【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了源自于古希腊且一直沿用至今的说服他人的艺术，其中包括ethos、pathos、logos三种方式以及用这三种方式说服他人在各个领域应用的可能性。

【2019-2020】高考英语一轮优练题Unit2TheUnitedKingdom（含解析）新人教版必修5United Kingdom李仕才一、阅读理解。

Pathos is a speaker’s way of connecting with an audience's emotions. For example, a politician who is trying to convince an audience to vote for him might say that he alone can save the country from a terrible war. These words are intended to fill the audience with fear, thus making them want to vote for him. Similarly, an animal charity might show an audience pictures of injured dogs and cats to make the viewers feel pity, so they will be more likely to donate money.Logos is the use of facts, statistics or other evidence to support your argument. An audience will believe you if you have convincing data to back up your claims. Presenting this evidence is much more persuasive t han simply saying “believe me”.1.What is the purpose of persuasion?A. To advise somebody to support you.B. To help someone have special skillC. To convince somebody to realize his aim.D. To talk someone into being honest.2.What is a speaker’s way of convincing the audience to trust him?A. Pathos.B. Ethos.C. Logos.D. Education.A. Both prevent themselves from being hurt.B. Both save people from terrible wars.C. Both make the audience support them.D. Both persuade people to donate money.4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. Convince the AudienceB. Three Basic Tools of PersuasionC. Believe MeD. Strength of Persuasion【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了源自于古希腊且一直沿用至今的说服他人的艺术，其中包括ethos、pathos、logos三种方式以及用这三种方式说服他人在各个领域应用的可能性。

The United Kingdom李仕才一、阅读理解。

According to a team of researchers, an animal’s ability to perceive(感知) time is linked to their pace of life.“Our results lend support to the importance of time perception in animals where the ability to perceive time in a very short time may be the difference between life and death for fast moving creatures，” commented the lead author Kevin Healy from Trinity College Dublin.The study was done with a variety of animals using a phenomenon based on the maximum speed of flashes of light an individual can see before the light source is seen as constant. Dogs, for example, have eyes with a refresh rate higher than humans.One example of this phenomenon at work, the authors say, is the housefly and its ability to avoid being hit. The research shows flies observe motion in a shorter time than our own eyes can achieve, which allows them to avoid being hit.Professor Graeme Ruxton of the University of St Andrews in Scotland, who worked jointly on the research project, said in a statement, “Having eyes that send updates to the brain at much higher frequencies than our eyes do is of no value if the brain cannot process that information equally quickly. Thus, this work highlights the impressive abilities of even the smallest animal brains. Flies might not be deep thinkers, but they can make good decisions very quickly.”In comparison, the tiger beetle(虎甲虫) runs faster than its eyes can keep up, basically becoming blind, which requires it to stop period ically to re­evaluate its prey’s(猎物) position.Our results suggest that time perception offers an as yet unstudied dimension in which animals can specialize and there is a considerable range to study this system in more detail.【解题导语】本文是一篇科普说明文。