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阅读理解词义猜测题词义猜测题就是考查考生在阅读时不用查词典，仅仅通过上下文的意思就能猜测出生词词义的能力。
突出考查考生对语境的分析和把握能力。
考查的词有时为新词，有时为熟词新义。
设问方式：对单词意思的猜测：1.The underlined word in the … paragraph refers to / means ________2.What does the word “….” In paragraph … stand for /mean?3.“….” could best be replaced by which of the following?4.the word “…..” is closest in meaning to _______________.对短语意思的猜测1.The expression /phrase “….” Means __________2.the underlined expression/ phrase in paragraph refers to / means _________3.“…” could best be replaced by which of the following?4.the phrase “……” is closest in meaning to __________\对句子意思的猜测：1.The sentence “…..” indicates that ______________2.The underlined sentence implies /means that ____________3.what does the underlined sentence mean?4.By “….”, the author means that _____________.对代词的意思猜测What does the word “….” Underlined in the last paragraph refer to ?What does the underlined word refer to?解题技巧：1．根据单词的前缀或后缀猜测单词的意思2．注意文章中能够解释生词的定义性语句3．根据单词与文章其他部分的关系，通过对比、因果、比较等方法猜测词义。
高一英语阅读理解词义猜测题单选题40题答案解析版1.The author uses the word "jubilant" in the passage. What does it mean?A.angryB.happyC.sadD.tired答案：B。
解析：在文章中可以通过作者描述的场景和氛围来猜测词义。
文中提到人们在庆祝活动中，脸上洋溢着笑容，由此可推断“jubilant”是高兴的意思。
选项A“angry”生气不符合庆祝活动的氛围；选项C“sad”悲伤也与场景不符；选项D“tired”疲惫同样不恰当。
2.In the story, the word "scurry" is mentioned. What's the meaning?A.walk slowlyB.run quicklyC.jump highD.stand still答案：B。
解析：根据上下文，文中描述小动物们在听到声音后迅速行动，可推测“scurry”是快速跑的意思。
选项A“walk slowly”走得慢与迅速行动不符；选项C“jump high”跳得高不相关；选项D“stand still”站着不动也不对。
3.The word "mellow" appears in the text. What does it mean?A.sharpB.softC.loudD.quiet答案：B。
解析：从文章中对音乐或氛围的描述可以推断“mellow”的意思。
文中提到音乐让人放松，氛围很温和，所以“mellow”是柔和的意思。
选项A“sharp”尖锐不符合；选项C“loud”大声不对；选项D“quiet”安静不准确。
4.The author writes about a "vivacious" person. What does "vivacious" mean?A.boringB.livelyC.shyD.calm答案：B。
高三英语阅读理解之猜测词义词义猜测题常用提问方式有:1.The word“…”refers to/ probably means/ could best be replaced by _____2.The word“…”is most likely to mean _______3.The word “…”is closest to4.What do you think the expression“…”stands for?5.By saying“…”we means _______6.By “…” the writer means (refers to)7.“…”as used in the passage, can best be defined as ______.8.Which of the following words can take the place of the word “…”练习一1. We like our new house because it has a few elms in the back yard that will give us shade and keep the house cooer.A. a kind of treeB. a kind of plantC. a kind of building2. He had been getting better, but during the night his condition deteriorated.A. got worseB. improvedC. was recorded3. She wanted the hairdresser to trim her hair because it was too long.A. washB. cutC. do up4. After the war , the tank factories were converted to other uses.A. expandedB. closed downC. adapted5. Mike gave his sister a small, red tulip because he knows.A. flowerB. radioC. jewelry6. If you agree, write “yes”; if you dissent, write “no”.A. quarrelB. persuadeC. disagree7. Have some sherries with your Christmas — the most famous wine from Spain.A. a kind of birdB. a kind of fruitC. a kind of wine8. The man walked briskly to keep warm on the very cold night.A. slowlyB. quicklyC. in a hurry9. He failed the examination because none of his answers was pertinent to the questions.A. wrongB. connectedC. close10. The young man was so bashful that he did not speak to the pretty girl.A. afraidB. shockedC. shy11.The robber was running away with the money, so the girl yelled, “Stop!”A. said loudlyB. ran quicklyC. watched carefully12. I lost a lot of weight and now I am not as fat as I was last year. My clothes fit very loosely.1A. not angrilyB. not tightlyC. not expensively13. Mr Brown ran into a pedestrian with his car when it got out of control and drove onto the sidewalk.A. houseB. treeC. a person walking14. The driver tried to avert the accident by bringing the car to a sudden stop.A. avoidB. causeC. pay no attention to15. Although the novel is not interesting, it delineates clearly the social and economic life of the time.A. saysB. statesC. describes16. When earth became cold, water began to condense from the vapor.A. coolB. turn to liquidC. become hot17. The ocean has about 3.5 percent dissolved material, mostly ordinary salt.A. wastedB. valuableC. in liquid form18. Sabots, or wooden shoes, are frequently worn by the field workers in Belgium and France.A. clothesB. capsC. shoes19. Although the early morning had been very cool, the noonday sun was tropical.A. bigB. redC. hot20. At first the army training began with easy and pleasant exercises, then suddenly they became rigorous.A. not easyB. roughC. tiring练习二．1. There are some glaciers moving down the mountain valleys. A glacier is a river of ice.A. 雪山B. 树枝C. 冰河D. 冰2. He is a resolute man. Once he made up his mind to do something, he won’t give it up halfway.A. strongB. firmC. kindD. clever3. Mr Brown is now working at Princeton University far away from home. For this reason he has to rent a room near the office where he works.A.租用B. 借出C. 购买D. 参观4. The official asked the man what his occupation was. The man told him that he worked as an engineer.A. workB. studyC. nameD. interest5. The old woman has a strange habit to keep over 100 cats in her house. Her neighbour all call her an eccentric lady.A. 爱猫的B. 古怪的C. 闲不住的D. 动物保扩主义者26. In many countries there are two financial extremes, from penury to great wealth.A. 便土B. 温饱C. 赤贫D. 虚弱7. Mrs Smith is loquacious while her husband is the silent type.A. 活泼的B. 好运的C. 多嘴多舌的D. 可爱的8. Those new comers were not used to the life in the suburbs which was so different from that inside the city.A. townB. capitalC. countryD. house9. This boy is not stupid, on the contrary, no one could be more intelligent.A. 勤奋的B. 愚蠢的C. 聪明的D. 情报10. He misunderstood me.A. 委曲B. 曲解C. 误解D. 理解答案：练习一1-5AABCA 6-10CCBCC 11-15ABCAC16-20 BCCCB练习二1-5CBAAB 6-10CCCCC历年高考阅读理解之猜测词义题89) Robert is nine years old and Joanna is seven. They live at Mount Ebenezer. Their father has a big property. In Australia they call a farm a property.70. A …property” in Australia is aA. house.B. school.C. farm.D. radio. Key: C92) Shu Pulong has helped at least 1000 people bitten by snakes. “It was seeing p eople with snake bites (伤口) that led me to this career,” he said.70. Which of the following words can take the place of the word career in the first paragraph(段)？A. conclusionB. storyC. incidentD. job key:D90上) In 1907, a young German schoolmaster had an idea which changed this state of affairs. He decided to turn his little schoolhouse into a dormitory (宿舍)for the summer holidays. Anyone who brought his sleeping bag and cooking equipment along could stay there for a very small quantity of money. The idea was a success. A few years later, the schoolhouse was much too small to hold the many young people who wanted to stay there. As a result, a dormitory was set up in an old castle (城堡) nearby. This was the first Youth Hostel.88. The word “hostel” is closest in meaning to ______A. schoolB. schoolhouseC. hospitalD. dormitory key:D97上) Not everyone in the world requires the same amount of living space. The amount of space a person needs around him is a cultural (文化的) difference, not an economic(经济的) one.Knowing your own psychological(心理的) space needs is important because they strongly affect your choices, including, for example, the number of bedrooms in the home.76. The first sentence in Paragraph 1 “Not everyon e in the world requires the same amount of space” means “______”A. No two people need exactly the same amount of living spaceB. Living space requirements are not always the sameC. The world requires the same amount of living spaceD. Nobody needs a required amount of living space key:B99上) The last of the great glaciers began its melting about 11,000 years ago. Its melting formed the Great Lakes. These lakes are today little changed from their early sizes and shapes. The largest of the North American river systems was also influenced by the glaciers. This is the Mississippi- Missouri- Ohio system. These rivers were miles wide at first. Through the years they settled into their present channels.85. In the last sentence, the word their refers to _______A. lakesB. riversC. glaciersD. systems key:B00上春) Two traveling angels (天使) stopped to spend the night in the home of a wealthy family. The family was rude and refused to let the angels stay in the guest room. Instead the angels were given a space in the cold basement. As they made their bed on the hard floor, the older angel saw a hole in the wall and repaired it. When the younger angel asked why, the older angel replied: “Things aren’t always what they seem.”The next night the pair came to rest at the house of a very poor, but very hospitable (好客的)farmer and his wife.67. In paragraph two, the pair refers to ______A. the poor coupleB. the rich coupleC. the guestsD. the angels key:B00上春) London has a new magazine. But it is not printed on paper. Everyone who has a television can receive it because it is on TV.In order to read this magazine you have to have a decoder. Each page of it is numbered, so you only have to dial the number to choose which subject you want to read about. There is a wide choice- every- thing is included from cooking to the latest sports news.73. In the sentence “Each page of it is numbered”, here “it” refers to the _____A. decoderB. magazineC. programD. subject key:B01上春) Michael, a typical (典型的) American, stays home on workdays. He plugs into his personal computer terminal in order to connect with the office. After work, he puts on his headphones, watches a movie on his home video recorder, or plays baseball on the computer. On many days, Michael doesn’t talk to any other human beings, and he doesn’t see any people except the ones on television. Michael is imaginary, but his lifestyle is very possible. The inventions of modern technology seem to be cutting us off from contact with our fellow human beings.103. The sentence “ Michael is imaginary, but his lifestyle is very possible” means ____A. Michael is a person full of imagination and he can make his dreams come trueB. Michael is not a real person but the lifestyle does existC. Michael has ambitions but he can’t make his dreams come trueD. Michael is a person full of imagination and his lifestyle is common nowadaysKey:B01上) Jazz 1 n. a type of music that originated in New Orleans and is characterized by rhythmic beats. 2n. popular dance music influenced by jazz. 3n. slang empty talk. 4 adj. of or like jazz:a jazz band, jazz records.77. What does the word jazz mean in the following sentence?Don’t give me that jazz, for I am a practical person.Key:DA. rhythmic beatsB. a type of musicC. a kind of danceD. meaningless talk02上)Professor Sabbatucci received hundreds of calls from people hoping to trick him into handing them the cash. But there was one voice he recognized— and he arranged to meet the man in a park. The robber, a 35- year – old unemployed father of two, gave back the suitcase and burst into tears. He could not believe what was happening. “Why didn’t you keep the money?” he asked. The professor replied: “I couldn’t because it’s not mine.” Then he walked off, spurning the thief’s offer of a reward.73. The word “spurning” in the last sentence can be replaced by ______A. acceptingB. claimingC. rejectingD. canceling key:C02上) Teachers in thousands of schoolrooms in America are trying to communicate some of the excitement and importance of these new developments to their students. They know that some of their eager students will someday be scientists and will themselves then contribute(贡献) to the development of new knowledge or its application to new things.80. The word “themselves” in the third paragraph refers to _______A. some of the eager studentsB. the students in the classroomC. the teachers giving lessonsD. all the scientists in physics key:A23上春) A professional man may talk about washing the car, digging in his flowerbeds, parinting the house. His wife may even help with these things, just as he often helps her with the dishwashing. The son who is away at college may wait on table and wash dishes for his living, or during the summer he may work with a construction gang on a highway in order to pay for his education.80. The expression “wait on table ” in the second paragraph means “_____”A. work in a furniture shopB. keep accounts for a barC. wait to lay the tableD. serve customers in a restaurant key:D。
词义猜测题【题型突破】词义猜测题有逐渐增加的趋势,尤其是猜测词组、句意题.因为猜测词组、句意题涉及题材背景、句子结构、文章主旨、作者的观点/态度等。
联系文章主旨、整合上下文信息是解答这类题的关键。
近几年命题者着重考查考生利用同义或反义关系、构词法、语法和语篇文脉等理解生词的能力.【命题方式】1.The word/phrase＂…＂in the passage means _________.2。
The word/phrase＂…＂can be best replaced by _________。
3. Which of the following is nearest/closest in meaning to _________?4.The word/phrase＂…＂probably refers to _________。
5.What does the underlined word/phrase＂…＂in the passage mean?词义猜测题要根据词、词组、句子所在的上下文语境来判断其意义，我们要特别注意熟词生义，切不可脱离语境主观臆断.熟练以下猜词技巧是做好这类题的关键。
猜词方法依据猜词方法依据定义有时短文中出现一个需要猜测其意义的词或短语，下面接着出现其定义或解释,这就是判断该词或短语意义的主要依据。
指代关系it,that,this，he，him,them可指上文提到的事、物、人。
有时代词指代的对象相隔较远，要认真查找；有时需要对前面提到的内容进行总结，才能得出代词所指代的对象。
同位关系阅读中出现的难词有时后面紧跟一个同位语，对前面的词进行解释，这时可利用同位关系进行猜测。
同义关系当词或短语之间有并列连词and，or时，其连接的两项内容在含义上是接近的或递进的，由此可确定同等关系中的某个生词所属的义域，从而推知其大致意Passage1（2017·新课标卷I ，D ）drinking water in areas where the liquid is not readily available. Developed by two doctors in the U 。
高三英语阅读理解词义猜测题解题方法总结单选题30题1.The word "procrastinate" in the sentence "He is always procrastinating his work." can be guessed from the context. The possible meaning is _____.A.finish quicklyB.start earlyC.put offD.do carefully答案：C。
本题通过上下文逻辑关系来猜测词义。
句子“He is always procrastinating his work.”表示“他总是拖延工作”，选项A“finish quickly（快速完成）”、选项B“start early（早早开始）”、选项D“do carefully 认真做）”都不符合语境，只有选项C“put off 推迟）”符合“拖延工作”的意思。
解题技巧为通过上下文逻辑关系猜测词义。
2.The new word "biodegradable" can be understood by analyzing its parts. The meaning is related to being able to _____.st foreverB.be broken down by living thingsC.be very expensiveD.be made quickly答案：B。
本题利用构词法来猜测词义。
“bio-”表示“生命、生物”，“degradable”表示“可降解的”，所以“biodegradable”的意思是“可被生物降解的”。
选项A“last forever（ 永远持续）”、选项C“be very expensive非常昂贵）”、选项D“be made quickly（快速制成）”都与构词法分析出的意思不符，只有选项B“be broken down by living things 被生物分解）”符合。
中考英语阅读理解词义猜测与上下文理解题50题1. I saw a “sale” sign in the shop window. What does “sale” mean?A. 购买B. 出售C. 打折D. 交换答案：C。
“sale”常见的意思是“打折”“促销”，在商店橱窗看到的“sale” sign 通常表示商品在打折出售。
A 选项“购买”是“buy”；B 选项“出售”可以用“sell”；D 选项“交换”是“exchange”。
2. The teacher said, “Class, please be quiet.” What does “quiet” mean?A. 大声的B. 安静的C. 活跃的D. 忙碌的答案：B。
“quiet”意为“安静的”，老师说让班级安静下来，就是让大家不要吵闹。
A 选项“大声的”是“loud”；C 选项“活跃的”是“active”；D 选项“忙碌的”是“busy”。
3. We had a picnic in the park yesterday. What does “picnic” mean?A. 会议B. 旅行C. 野餐D. 聚会答案：C。
“picnic”就是“野餐”的意思，在公园里进行的通常是野餐活动。
A 选项“会议”是“meeting”或“conference”；B 选项“旅行”是“trip”或“journey”；D 选项“聚会”是“party”。
4. The students are playing football on the playground. What does “playground” mean?A. 教室B. 操场C. 图书馆D. 实验室答案：B。
“playground”指的是“操场”，学生们踢足球通常在操场上进行。
A 选项“教室”是“classroom”；C 选项“图书馆”是“library”；D 选项“实验室”是“laboratory”。
高中英语阅读理解词义猜测与细节理解综合单选题60题1.The word "elusive" in the passage probably means_____.A.easy to findB.difficult to catchC.beautifulD.important答案：B。
解析：根据上下文可知这个词所在的句子描述某个事物很难找到或捕捉到，A 选项easy to find 与“elusive”意思相反；C 选项beautiful 和D 选项important 与上下文语境不符，只有B 选项difficult to catch 符合“难以捕捉”这个意思。
2.The term "prolific" in the text is closest in meaning to_____.A.unproductiveB.productiveC.dangerousD.harmful答案：B。
解析：结合上下文可以推断出这个词是形容某人或某物多产的，A 选项unproductive 是“不生产的”与“prolific”意思相反；C 选项dangerous 和D 选项harmful 与多产这个意思毫无关系，B 选项productive 有“多产的”意思，符合题意。
3.The word "obscure" in the passage can be best replaced by_____.A.clearB.famousC.unknownD.popular答案：C。
解析：从上下文中可以看出这个词是说某个事物不为人知，A 选项clear 是“清晰的”与“obscure”意思相反；B 选项famous 和 D 选项popular 都是“著名的、流行的”与语境不符，C 选项unknown 表示“未知的”符合题意。
4.The expression "perplexing" in the text means_____.A.easy to understandB.confusingC.interestingD.boring答案：B。
高中英语阅读理解词义猜测题单选题40题1.The boy was so excited that he ran around the park like a wild animal. What does “wild” mean?A.tameB.calmC.fierceD.gentle答案：C。
“wild”在这里的意思是“凶猛的、狂野的”。
在这个句子中，男孩像个野生动物一样在公园里跑，说明他非常兴奋，行为比较激烈。
选项A“tame”是“温顺的”；选项B“calm”是“平静的”；选项D“gentle”是“温柔的”，都不符合语境。
通过上下文可以推断出男孩的行为很激烈，所以“wild”应该是“fierce”的意思。
词义猜测的技巧是根据上下文的描述来判断单词的意思。
2.The old man sat on the bench, looking at the beautiful sunset. What does “bench” mean?A.chairB.tableC.sofaD.long seat答案：D。
“bench”在这里的意思是“长凳”。
在这个句子中，老人坐在长凳上看美丽的日落。
选项A“chair”是“椅子”；选项B“table”是“桌子”；选项C“sofa”是“沙发”，都不符合语境。
通过上下文可以推断出老人坐在一个可以坐的地方看日落，而且“bench”通常是指长凳。
词义猜测的技巧是根据上下文的描述和常识来判断单词的意思。
3.The girl was wearing a beautiful dress with colorful flowers on it. What does “colorful” mean?A.blackB.whiteC.monochromeD.multi-colored答案：D。
“colorful”在这里的意思是“多彩的”。
在这个句子中，女孩穿着一件有彩色花朵的漂亮裙子，说明裙子的颜色很丰富。
初二英语阅读理解词义猜测题单选题30题1.The boy is very naughty. What's the meaning of "naughty"?A.cleverB.kindC.badly behavedD.hard-working答案：C。
“naughty”的意思是“顽皮的、淘气的、不听话的”，也就是“badly behaved”。
选项A“clever”是聪明的；选项B“kind”是善良的；选项D“hard-working”是勤奋的。
通过上下文可以推断出这个男孩很调皮，所以答案是C。
词义猜测可以根据上下文的描述来判断。
2.She has a sweet smile. What's the meaning of "sweet"?A.bitterB.sourC.deliciousD.pleasant答案：D。
“sweet”在这里表示“甜美的、令人愉快的”，也就是“pleasant”。
选项A“bitter”是苦的；选项B“sour”是酸的；选项C“delicious”是美味的。
根据常识，微笑通常是令人愉快的，所以答案是D。
可以通过常识和对词语的理解来猜测词义。
3.The old man is very weak. What's the meaning of "weak"?A.strongB.tallC.thinD.not strong答案：D。
“weak”的意思是“虚弱的、无力的”，也就是“not strong”。
选项A“strong”是强壮的；选项B“tall”是高的；选项C“thin”是瘦的。
根据描述老人很虚弱，所以答案是D。
可以根据词语的反义来猜测词义。
4.The book is very interesting. What's the meaning of "interesting"?A.boringB.difficultC.funD.easy答案：C。
阅读理解生词猜测实例1.根据定义或解释说明猜测词义1) A resolute man is a person who once makes up his mind to do sth , he won’t giveup half way .2) Annealing is a way of making metal softer by heating it and then letting it coolvery slowly .3) An expedition is a long , organized trip or journey which is made into an unfamiliararea for a particular purpose by a group of people.4) At forty-two he was in his prime and always full of energy .5) Although Rao made a reasonable offer of help to her, Jones accepted it reluctantly,with unwillingness.6) Some myths , which are the stories handed down from ancient times and includethe early beliefs of nation, are widely spread around the world.7) Of all other sciences and that arithmetic, which is the science of numbers, is thebase of mathematics.2.通过同义词或同类词说明其意，一般用逗号将它与前面的生词隔开。
1) Luckily, most of the ailments (illness) that people suffer from can be treated athome with little or no medicine.2) Microwaves- the radio waves that we use for communications- travel in straightline.3) I think he is old-fashioned , thinking too much of old ways and ideas .4) We are on the night shift --- from midnight to 8:00 am--- this week .3. 通过对比去推断生词。
如转折词：but , however , yet , otherwise , though；1)Most of them agreed, however, I dissented.2) Most people object to the plan ; only a few are for it .3) Though Tom’s face has been washed quite clean , his neck still remains grubby .4) One mistaken idea about business is that it can be treated as a game of perfectinformation . Quite the reverse , business , politics , life itself are games whichwe must normally play with very imperfect information .4. 逻辑推理1) Just before the exam, Joe’s hands shook and sweated so much that he could nothold a pen. His heart beat fast and stomach ached, even though he knew thesubject very well. He really had a strange phobia about taking tests.2)The noise was so faint that it was impossible to be sure what it was or evenwhere it came from.3) The boy was charged for stabbing his father with a knife, but nobody really sawhim kill his father with a knife.4）Kate was young and attractive. Therefore, she was almost always the cynosure of all attention the moment she appeared in the public place.5) The river is so turbid that it is impossible to see the bottom even when it isshallow .6) Computers are now being used to direct traffic in the sky , find minerals in soil ,control robots at work , diagnose diseases , analyze chemicals and makemovies .7) As computers are used more and more at work , and some jobs are eliminated ,people will have to be retrained for new jobs .5. 利用词与词之间的一般与具体的关系（也称实例与总称的关系）推测生词词义。
举实例时，常见的短语有:such as, for example, including…, … included,等。
1)Most animals have one way or another of protecting themselves from beingattacked, the hedgehog, for example, may roll itself up into a tight ball; itssharp spines discourage any attack.2) Not every car, bus, jeep, or other kinds of vehicle can be made in the factory.3) You can take any of the periodicals : The World of English , Foreign LanguageTeaching in Schools , or English Learning .6. 结构分析这个手段就是借助语法知识，猜测词义。
例如：There are some erroneous answers on the students’ test paper, but there are not enough wrong answers to fail him.7. 经验体会这个手段就是借助我们自己的常识和生活经验来推测词义。
如：1) Abraham was about 2.34 meters tall and , no matter where he went, he was alwayscareful of his head. One day when he got through the door of his friend’s house, he hit his head on the lintel and hurt himself much.2) Afraid of waking the baby up , she tiptoed out of the room .3) We begin to lose calcium from our bone cells by the time we are 50 years old . Ourbones get weaker and can break more easily . This condition is called osteoporosis .The older a person is , the more calcium is lost .8. 比喻猜测在阅读过程中，我们常会碰到一些这样的词组或语句，如：as sharp as a knife;as firm as a rock ;When they were sure that the children were sound asleep, the parents slipped like robbers into their bedrooms, and left the presents near their beds.9. 有时用于说明和解释生词的词语之前有that is, namely, for instance, for example,in other words等提示词。
The material was made of blocks of pure graphite, that is , the lead we use in our pencils.10. 据构词法The American idea of the future is limited , however . It is the foreseeable future and not the future of involving (牵连) many centuries .中学英语中常见的前缀和后缀有：super- (超)，inter-(在…之间)，-able(能…的)，mini-(极小的，微型的)，re-(再，反复)，sub-(底下)，co-(共同)，post-(后)，pre-(前)，trans-(超越，转换)，under-(在…之下，低于…,不足)，-hood(状态，性质，时期)，-ish(如…的，有点儿…的)，-proof(防…的，不能穿透的)，-scape(景)，-ship (身份，资格，权力，性质)，-some(易于…的)，-wards (向),mis-(误，恶)，anti-(反，防)，un-(不，非)，in-(不，非)，im-(不，非)，dis-(不)，-less(无，不)等。
