Cancer coffee no coffee REFERENCE POPULATIO N No cancer
STUDY SAMPLE
Winter,2002 Wan CM,MD PhD
Coffee and cancer of the pancreas: Use of population-based controls
(二)测量偏倚(
两组中测量的方法不一致就会发生 Measurement bias (暴露、结果)。
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Fletcher, Fletcher, Wagner. Clinical Epidemiology;nd ed;P8
不一致 1 不精确、不准确 2 分类错误
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Winter,2002
Wan CM,MD PhD
总体人群 (成都市先天性耳 聋的发病率)
STUDY SAMPLE
Winter,2002 Wan CM,MD PhD
Descriptive Study: Selection Bias
先天性耳聋人群
总体
STUDY SAMPLE
Winter,2002 Wan CM,MD PhD
吸烟和肺气肿(横断面研究)
275 32 307
OR= (207/9) / (275/32) = 2.7 (95% CI, 1.2-6.5)
Winter,2002 Wan CM,MD PhD
你如何评价这个结果? 可能的bias?
Winter,2002
Wan CM,MD PhD
Case-control Study of Coffee and Pancreatic Cancer: CaseSelection Bias
Survival assuming no informative censoring and no difference between drug and placebo Time