翻译第二章

2. 优雅的⽼老去—改变你的情绪1. 有时候情绪似乎会成为我们享受美好⽣生活的⼀一种障碍。

⽆无论我们觉得悲伤、⽣生⽓气、或是!⽆无聊，情绪似乎在我们的所作所为中都扮演着重要的⾓角⾊色/起着很⼤大的作⽤用。

确实，很多⼈人认为情绪是产⽣生⾏行为的唯⼀一因素。

但是我们不能⽌止步于此，为何不问⼀一下是什么促成了某种情绪？情绪的产⽣生并⾮非是随机的/⽆无理头。

事实上情绪是你正遭遇事件的⽣生理反应。

换⾔言之，情绪和⾏行为的结果是由你周围事件⽽而引起的。

因⽽而，如果你真想改变你的感受，你就需要改变那些引发你情绪的环境。

2. 时不时的陷⼊入恐慌并⾮非不正常。

你可能啥事⼉儿都不想做，只是坐在电视机前，甚⾄至坐上!好⼏几个⼩小时，这只会让你的⼼心情更忧郁/糟糕。

如果你真的对改变你的⼼心情感兴趣，那你就需要起⾝身并且开始⾏行动。

⽐比如：散散步；看看你周围的世界；观察花草树⽊木；感受落在你脸上的阳光。

这也许是我们能提供给你的最重要/有⽤用的建议。

散步会让你⼼心情好些。

但如果不想散步，那⾄至少找⼀一些你感兴趣的活动。

去看场电影，去参观博物馆，和朋友共进午餐，或者，是的，去购物吧。

做那些事很简单⽽而⼜又愉快，并会使你的⼼心情变好些。

3. 如果你经常对⾝身边的每件事情渐渐缺乏兴趣的话，对改变你低落的情绪⽽而做些什么就尤!为重要了。

对你周围的事⼉儿缺乏兴趣有可能是⼤大量的碰巧在你⾝身边同时发⽣生的事情导致的结果。

⽐比如：在你退休后你可能会经历⼀一些事情。

如果你还没计划好退休（后做些什么），那你可能会发现不再有早晨早起的理由了。

你也许会经历不再属于⼀一个集体⽽而产⽣生的失落感。

再⽐比如，如果你还没计划好接受⽣生活中这样⼀一个戏剧性的变化，你会发现你⽆无法打发新的⽣生活。

结果，你会觉得郁闷。

像这样的不开⼼心的感觉是危险信号，它表明你需要改变⼀一下你所处的环境了。

因为你⽩白天很少有事情做，早上闹醒并且看到时间六点钟会使你不开⼼心吗？通过增加⾝身体的锻炼和智⼒力的锻炼以便你能够整个⽩白天忙于其中能解决这个问题。

During a Q&A session he accused the Israeli military of deliberately targeting CNN personnel “on numerous occasions”.It is accept that endorphins act on the nervous system to reduce pain, much as opium does. Not so widely known is the idea that endorphins keep the brain young , enabling people to live 125 years. How can I improve my English“how can I improve my English ?”Ever since arrived Beijing almost two years ago I have heard this question: from an English major , from a stranger on the stranger, form a brave soul standing in the middle of a large lecture hall, from a dark shadow beside me one evening at an English corner.It seems a perfectly fair and simple question, and it’s a question I hate. I hate because it seems completely reasonable but is actually a trap, because it seems so easy but is actually a riddle to stump Oedipus. And I’m no Oedipus.It is an innocent question invariably asked by earnest students, and every time I hear it I feel that this sincere plea must admit of a clear answer and that I, as an English teacher, should know what this answer is. I always feel I have failed somehow when I have to admit that I don’t.Oh, I have answers，and I stumble around in my response, hoping the students won’t notice how unsure I am. I have answers，but I do n’t have the answer, not the answer I think they’re looking for.Whatever they are really asking for, it feels like they’re asking for a quick fix, a magic bullet which will fix all their mistakes and expand their vocabulary in six easy steps.I can’t provide that. The truth is there’s only one easy way to learn a language: you must be immersed in that language from the time you are two years old until you are four years old. These are the years, linguists tell us, during which children don’t learn a language, but rather catch it like a disease. They pick it up without conscious effort..After that mysterious time, learning a language is work. It is exciting and fun work sometime, but also a matter of discipline and time. Some people are naturally better at this work than others: some naturally enjoy this kind of work as others might naturally enjoying jogging or doing math problems.I suspect most people who ask me that question :How can I improve my English”-already know all this . Though they no doubt hope as I would that I have some secret knowledge to offer, they are probably not expecting as much as I fear they are. I usually give them the following advice: do n’t expect to find an easy way to learn. The only way to learn a language is to use a language, to practice day after day.Translating consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closet natural equivalent of the source language message, first in terms of meaning, and secondly in terms of style.There are some things which cannot be learned quickly, and time, which is all we have, must be paid heavily for their acquiring. They are the very simplest things and because it takes a man’s life to know them the little new that each man gets from life is very costly and only heritage he has to leave.It is not all books that are as dull as their readers. There are probably words addressed to our condition exactly, which, if we could really hear and understand would be more salutary than the morning or spring to our lives, and possibly put a new aspect on the face of things for us. How many a man has dated a new era in his life from the reading of a book.What is translation? Often , though not by any means always, it is rendering the meaning of a text. Common sense tells us that this ought be simple, as one ought to be able to say something as well in one language as in another. On the other hand, you may see it as complicated, artificial and fraudulent, since by using another language you are pretending to be someone you are not.Translation means the conversion of an expression from one language into another. To say it plainly, translation is an art to reproduce the exact idea of the author by means of a language different from the original. From the above definition of translation we know that the original thought of expression must be kept as far as possible. Nothing could be added to or taken away from the original work. The duty of the translation is simply to change the vocabulary, not the thought. In translation therefore, there are two essential elements: accuracy and expressiveness. Accuracy is the first indispensable quality of translation. The translator must cautiously stick to the author’s idea. Words selected and sentences constructed must be such as to convey the exact original thought. Expressiveness is to make the translation readily understood. In other words, the translator must express his author’s idea as clearly as forcibly as he can by the medium he employs. Accuracy is to make the thought definite and exact; while expressiveness is to make the translation vivid and attractive.。

道德经第二章原文及译文1.道德经第二章原文及译文【作者】老子【朝代】春秋时期【原文】天下皆知美之为美，斯恶已。

皆知善之为善，斯不善已。

有无相生，难易相成，长短相形，高下相盈，音声相和，前后相随。

恒也。

是以圣人处无为之事，行不言之教；万物作而弗始，生而弗有，为而弗恃，功成而不居。

夫唯弗居，是以不去。

道德经（第二章）注释恶已：恶、丑。

已，通“矣”。

斯：这。

相：互相。

刑：通“形”，此指比较、对照中显现出来的意思。

盈：充实、补充、依存。

音声：汉代郑玄为《礼记·乐记》作注时说，合奏出的乐音叫做“音”，单一发出的音响叫做“声”。

圣人居无为之事：圣人，古时人所推崇的层次的典范人物。

居，担当、担任。

无为，顺应自然，不加干涉、不必管束，任凭人们去干事。

作：兴起、发生、创造。

弗志：弗，不。

志，指个人的志向、意志、倾向。

道德经（第二章）翻译天下人都知道美之所以为美，那是由于有丑陋的存在。

都知道善之所以为善，那是因为有恶的存在。

所以有和无互相转化，难和易互相形成，长和短互相显现，高和下互相充实，音与声互相谐和，前和后互相接随——这是永恒的。

因此圣人用无为的观点对待世事，用不言的方式施行教化：听任万物自然兴起而不为其创始，有所施为，但不加自己的倾向，功成业就而不自居。

正由于不居功，就无所谓失去。

道德经（第二章）赏析无论学术界在“道”的属性方面的争论多么激烈，学者们都一致认为老子的辩证法思想是其哲学上的显著特征。

老子认识到，宇宙间的事物都处在变化运动之中的，事物从产生到消亡，都是有始有终的、经常变的，宇宙间没有永恒不变的东西。

老子在本章里指出，事物都有自身的对立面，都是以对立的方面为自己存在的前提，没有“有”也就没有“无”，没有“长”也就没有“短”；反之亦然。

这就是中国古典哲学中所谓的“相反相成”。

本章所用“相生、相成、相形、相盈、相和、相随”等，是指相比较而存在，相依靠而生成，只是不同的对立概念使用的不同动词。

汉英翻译第二章选择词汇一、课后练习检查和讲评他说的一套，做的另一套。

教科书译文：He said one thing and did another.李老师认为教科书译文值得商榷。

Dear John,Please paraphrase (explain) the following sentenses:1.His words betray his actions.2.He dose not keep his words in line with his actions.3.When it comes to drive , she has got more than any one of us.thans!Li Tian-xinBoth 1. and 2. have the same meaning, however, the first (His words betray his actions.) is the more common way to express the concept.What this means is that what you say about a given subject iscontradictory to what you do. As an example ... a boy tells a girl thathe loves her, he can't live without her and various other romantic things. Then this same boy is seen with other girls in an intimate setting - maybe eating dinner, maybe going to a movie, and so on. He says that there is only one girl for him but his actionsprove him a liar - his words betray his actions.3. The word 'drive' here means desire, commitment and faithfulness to start and finish a project of any kind. Itcould be learning to swim, graduating from college (a 4-year commitment takes a lot of 'drive' to complete), even studying for an exam requires'drive' from the students who really want to succeed and achieve good things.A paraphrase of 3. then is: She has more faith, commitment and action in every aspect of her life than any of us.John干劲的英文音标：[ gànjìn ]drive; vigour; enthusiasm: 有头脑、干劲和首创精神的青年young men with brains, drive and initiative; 干劲十足be full of vigour; 冲天干劲boundless energy1.We shall want a real Henry Fordeffort .我们需要有一种真正亨利福特的干劲。

Linguistics studies how to express meaning in language denotative meaninglanguage systemStylisticsstudies how to make language produce stylistics effectsconnotative meaning language in different socialoccasionsMe up at doesout of he floorquietly Starea poisoned mousestill who aliveis asking whathave i done thatYou wouldn’t have(E. E. Cummings)a poisoned mousewho still alivedoes Stare quietlyout of the floorup at Meis asking whathave i done thatYou wouldn’t have例 1 必须把建设资源节约型、环境友好型社会放在工业化、现代化发展战略的突出位置，落实到每个单位、每个家庭。

We must give prominence to building a resource-conserving, environment-friendly society in our strategy for industrialization and modernization and get every organization and family to act accordingly.二、劝导性广告1.Ask for more (Pepsi)渴望无限。

2. 不同的肤色，共同的选择(青岛啤酒)People’s skin colors are different----far and near, but their choice can be the same-----for Qingdao Beer.3. 你不理财，财不理你。

第二章翻译方法第一节增译法BrainstormingTranslate the following into Chinese1.After climbing a great hill, one only finds that there are many more to climb. 登上高山后，你会发现还有更多的山峰等着你去超越。

2.Money won’t create success, the freedom to make it will.创造成功，靠的不是金钱，而是拥有创造成功的自由。

3.Reading makes a full man; conference a ready man; writing an exact man.读书使人充实；讨论使人机智，写作使人缜密。

4.We won’t attack unless attacked.人不犯我，我不犯人。

5.She was more royal than the royals.她比皇家成员更有皇家气质。

Part V Practical trainingTranslate the following English sentences into Chinese1. The manager’s report summarized the achievement made in industry, agriculture and foreign trade.经理的报告总结了在工业、农业以及外贸三个方面取得的成就。

2. I’ve been to John’s company twice.我曾经去过约翰的公司两次。

3. A computer will help us a lot for the analysis job.如果我们用一台电脑来做这个分析，则会事半功倍。

4. Unless informed, we shall not make copies.除非贵方通知我们，否则我们不会制作副本。