下载文档原格式
听力选择题Where are the flowers now?A.In the hall.B.In the kitchen.C.In the bedroom.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W: Where have you put the flowers? I left them on the table in the hall with some letters.M: Well, they were in the way there, so I’ve put them in a vase in the bedroom.W: Okay thanks, but I think I’ll put them in the kitchen.听力选择题What is the woman talking about?A.A place to park.B.A place to live.C.A place to rent out.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M: What type of place are you looking for, Madam?W: Something small, and I don’t want to share with others. I don’t have a car so I don’t need a garage.听力选择题What will the woman do this afternoon?A.Have her hair cut.B.Watch a film.C.See a dentist.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W: Sorry, Ryan. I can’t go to the cinema with you today. I have got an appointment for a dental checkpetition【9】A.filled B.connected C.burdened D.decorated【10】A.move B.return C.appear D.continue【11】A.alone B.again C.away D.aside【12】A.teacher B.guide C.reporter D.student【13】A.kept off B.pointed at C.pushed against D.piled off【14】A.learning B.social C.emotional D.farming【15】A.analyzing B.practicing C.reading D.writing【16】A.existed B.failed C.expanded D.remained【17】A.selection B.understanding C.description D.preparation 【18】A.sizes B.colours C.styles D.workings【19】A.seldom B.never C.ever D.still【20】A.class B.school C.nature D.business【答案】【1】A【2】C【3】A【4】B【5】D【6】A【7】C【8】C【9】A【10】D【11】B【12】B【13】D【14】A【15】B【16】C【17】B【18】D【19】D【20】C【解析】这是一篇记叙文。
北京师大二附中2021-2022学年高二下期中试卷英语2022年4月本试卷共12页,共130分。
考试时间为90分钟。
1.考生务必将答案填写在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效。
2.答题卡上选择题必须用2B铅笔作答,非选择题必须用黑色字迹的签字笔按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答,未在对应的答题区域内作答或超出答题区域作答的均不得分。
第一部分：完形填空（共10小题；每小题 1.5分,共15分）阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Past the breakers,about50feet from shore,two brothers were fighting for their lives.They had been swept out to sea in a strong current,their mouths barely able to stay above the1.Thick fog made it difficult for beachgoers to see the guys,but the screams were unmistakable.And every second counted.2,four surfers in wet suits were nearby.Narayan Weibel,Spenser Stratton, Adrian York and Taj Ortiz-Beck,all16,were on their surfboards riding up and down the coast on five-foot waves when they heard the3.They turned and saw two bobbing(摆动)heads and four flailing(扑打)arms.“We looked at each other and knew these guys were about to drown,”Weibel told the reporter.Weibel,Stratton,and Ortiz-Beck paddled(用桨划)toward the swimmers while York headed to shore to find someone to call911.He then dived back in to4his friends.As the surfers drew close,the brothers were5.Ortiz-Beck pulled up alongside one brother.Grabbing him under his arms,he pulled him up onto his board.Stratton and Weibel,meanwhile,were trying to help the other.He was large,250to300pounds,and he was panicked.“Calm down—we6 you!”Weibel shouted.York arrived7to help get the guy on top of the second board.They then paddled several minutes through a wild current to the medical help waiting onshore.The brothers were scared but8.“When we get a call like this one,it’s usually too9by the time we get there,”says Dillon Cleavenger,the lifeguard,“I can’t say enough about what these boys did.They were willing and prepared to10their lives.”1.A.board B.water C.ship D.shore2.A.Luckily B.Surprisingly C.Surely D.Gradually3.A.news B.stories C.words D.cries4.A.invite B.guide C.help D.greet5.A.striking B.struggling C.strengthening D.stretching6.A.met B.got C.knew D.followed7.A.in fear B.in turn C.in time D.in advance8.A.proud B.strong C.satisfied D.finete B.busy C.far D.difficult10.A.save B.change C.risk D.share第二部分：阅读理解（共两节,共32分）第一节（共11小题；每小题2分,共22分）阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
⼈教版⾼⼆下学期英语期中考试（含答案）⾼⼆年级英语学科考试试题考试时间：120分钟试卷总分：150分注意：1、答卷前，考⽣务必将⾃⼰的姓名和考号填写或填涂在答题卷指定的位置。
2、选择题答案⽤2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题⽬的答案标号涂⿊；如需改动，⽤橡⽪擦⼲净后，再选涂其他答案；不能答在试题卷上。
3、主观题必须⽤⿊⾊字迹的钢笔或签字笔在答题卷上作答，答案必须写在答题卷各题⽬指定区域内的相应位置上，超出指定区域的答案⽆效；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案。
⼀、阅读理解（共15⼩题；每⼩题2分，满分30分）As.1.WhatisVictoriaFallsfamousfor?A.ItsnarrowandbadlymaintainedroadB.ItsdangerousbutattractivespotsfortakingpicturesC.ItsscarystructureD.Itsthrillingcamping2.NorthYungasRoadiscalled“theRoadofDeath”because________..A.thetrafficistheheaviestB.itisbuiltontheedgeoftherockC.eachyearmanypeoplelosetheirlivesthereD.thereisnonecessaryprotectionequipment3.Ifyoulikebungeejumping,youcangoto________..A.VictoriaFallsB.ArcticCliffFaceC.Auckland’sSkyTowerD.NorthYungasRoad4.Whatdothefourplaceshaveincommon?A.Theyareabitlife-threatening.B.Theyallhavebeautifulscenery.C.Theyarepopularwithclimbers.D.Theyhavebeenvisitedbycelebrities.BHowdoyoungchildrenlearntohavegoodvalues?Howcanparentsteachtheirchildrenabouttheimportanceofki ndnessandpatience?Atatimemoreandmoreparentsworryabouttheviolentimages(暴⼒形象devil(邪恶⾖公主》《⼩美⼈鱼》6.A.aregivenadifficulttestB.makefriendswithforeignersC.wishtobeaprincessorprinceD.aregoingtolietotheirparents7.Theauthorwritesthetextmainlyto________.A.introducesomefairytalesB.talkaboutthehistoryoffairytales.C.discusshowtoimprovehumanrelationshipsD.showhowfairytaleshelpchildrenshapevaluesCMetroPocketGuideMetrorail(地铁)Eachpassengerneedsafarecardtoenterandgoout.Uptotwochildrenunderagefivemaytravelfreewithapayin gcustomer. Farecardmachinesareineverystation.Bringsmallbillsbecausetherearenochangemachinesinthestations andfarecardmachinesonlyprovideupto$5inchange./doc/5327532329ea81c758f5f61fb7360b4c2f3f2acb.htmleitafter9:30a.m.untilclosingonweekdays,andalldayonweekendsandholidays.HoursofserviceOpen:5a.m.Monday---Friday7a.m.Saturday---Sunday10.WhatisgoodaboutaSmarTrip?card?A.Itsavesmoneyforitsuser.B.Itisconvenientforoldpeople.C.ItissoldontheInternet.D.Itcanbeboughtatanytime.11.WhichnumbershouldyoucallifyoulosesomethingontheMetro?A.202-637-7000B.202-637-8000C.202-962-1100D.202-962-1195DIworkwithVolunteersforWildlife,arescueandeducationorganizationatBaileyArboretuminLocustValley.Tryingtohelpinjured,displacedorsickcreaturescanbeheartbreaking;survivalisnevercertain.However,whenitworks,itissimplybeautiful.IgotarescuecallfromawomaninMuttontown.Shehadfoundayoungowl(猫头鹰)ontheground.WhenIarrived,Isawa2-to3-week-oldowl.Ithadalreadybeenplacedinacarrierforsafety.Iexaminedthechick(雏鸟)anditseemedfine.IfIcouldlocatethenest,Imighthavebeenabletoputitback,butnoluck.Mynextworkwastoc onstructanestandanchor(固定)itinatree.Thehomeownerwasveryhelpful.Awirebasketwasfound.Iputsomepinebranchesintothebaskettomakethisnes tsafeandcomfortable.Iplacedthechickinthenest,anditquicklycalmeddown. Nowallthatwasneededweretheparents,buttheywereabsent.Igavethehomeownerarecordingofthehungerscr—12.A.It’C.It’Everyoneknowsthatfishisgoodforhealth.16Butitseemsthatmanypeopledon eatonlyaboutfifteenpoundsoffishperpersonperyear,butweeattwiceasmuchfishinrestaurantsasathome.Buying,storing,andcookingfishisn’tdifficult.17Thistextisabouthowtobuyandcookfishinaneasyway.18Freshfishshouldsmellsweet:youshouldfeelthatyou’restandingattheocean’sedge.Anyfishyorstron gsmellmeansthefishisn’tfresh.19_Whenyouhaveboughtafishandarrivehome,you’dbetterstorethefishinth erefrigeratorifyoudon’tcookitimmediately,butfreshfishshouldbestoredinyourfridgeforonlyadayortwo.Frozenfishisn’tastastyasthefreshone.Therearemanycommonmethodsusedtocookfish.20First,leanitandseasonitwithyourchoiceofspices(调料).Putthewholefishonaplateandsteamitinasteampotfor8to10minutesifitweighsaboutonepound.(Alargeron ewilltakemoretime.)Then,it’sreadytoserve.A.Thefatsinfisharethoughttohelppreventheartdisease.B.Whenbuyingfish,youshouldfirstsmellit.C.Thefishwillgobadwithinhours.D.Itjustrequiresalittleknowledge.E.Thisishowyoucandoit.F.Theeasiestistosteamit.G.Donotbuyit.三、完形填空（共20⼩题；每⼩题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下⾯短⽂，从短⽂后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填⼊空⽩处的最的）.Butwithsomeworkanddevotion,you’llmakeprogress.Andyou’llbe39by26.A.protect B.change?????????? C.respect????????? D.provide27.A.control /doc/5327532329ea81c758f5f61fb7360b4c2f3f2acb.html mand????????C.guidanceD.pressure28.A.busy B.happy??????????? C.simple????????? D.normal29.A.courage B.time? C.energy????????? D.place30.A.theory B.business????????? C.routine????????? D.project31.A.somerisks B.alotless C.somenotes???? D.alotmore32.A.old B.nervous?????????? C.weak????????? D.tired33.A.closely B.quickly?????????? C.privately??????? D.quietly34.A.age B.speed???????????? C.distance??????? D.school35.A.worry B.hesitate?????????? C.think?????????? D.quarrel36.A.singing B.working?????????? C.bargaining????? D.learning37.A.if B.and????????????? C.but??????????? D.before38.A.tiresome B.hard? C.interesting????? D.easy39.A.blamed B.amazed??????????? C.interrupted????/doc/5327532329ea81c758f5f61fb7360b4c2f3f2acb.html rmed40.A.their B.his?????????????? C.our??????????? D,your四、单项选择（共10⼩题，每题1分，共10分）41.It________megreatlythathemadenoanswerwhenIaskedhimmanytimes.A.interruptedB.disturbedC.annoyedD.troubledA.obliged44.——49.——五、语法填空（共10⼩题；每⼩题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下⾯材料，在空⽩处填⼊1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式WhenIwasinAustralia,Iaccompaniedafriendonhisdrivingtest.Iwas___51___(amaze)tolearnthatinAustralia,peoplehar dlygotodrivingschools.Instead,manypeoplepracticeontheroadwithalicenseddriversittingnext__52___them.Butthisdoesn’t meanthatgettingadrivinglicenseisapieceofcake.Thiswasthethirdtimethatmyfriend__53___(apply)totakethedrivingtest. Thefirsttime,afterconfidentlydrivingoveranintersection(⼗字路⼝),the__54___(examine)askedhimtopulloverandsaidthatheshouldhavestopped__55___carandlookedrightfirstandthenleft tomakesuretherewasnoothercarapproaching.Thesecondtime,acarrushinginfrontcaughthimbysurpriseandhehitthebrakestoohard.Theexaminergot__56___(anger)an daskedhimtogetout.InAustralia,thetestisnotaboutdrivingskills,__57___aboutfollowingeveryrules. Afterfinallypassingthetest,myfrienddrovevery__58___(careful)becauseinthefirstyearofhavingadrivinglicense,runningtworedlightsresultsinthelicensebeingsuspended(暂停使⽤).Butonedayhe__59___(pull)overbyapolicemanwhowarnedhimthathewasdrivingtooslowandblockingthetraffic.Actually ,hewasdrivingataspeedof40km/h,__60___isatotallyacceptablespeedinChina.六、根据提⽰，完成句⼦。
译林版高二下册期中试卷英语一、听力（共两节，满分10分）第一节（共5小题；每小题0.5分，满分2.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
1. What are the speakers talking about?A. A book.B. An exploration.C. A film.2. What will the speakers probably do?A. Get on a plane.B. Get off a train.C. Buy a ticket.3. What does the woman mean?A. The hotel is closed.B. The hotel is cheap.C. The hotel is not available.4. Where does the conversation most probably take place?A. In a bank.B. In the street.C. In a cinema.5. How did the man get out?A. Through the window.B. Using the key.C. Using the ladder.第二节（共15小题；每小题0.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What do the speakers have in common?A. They are both late for school.B. They both don’t like their watches.C. Their watches don’t work properly.7. What will the woman probably do next?A. Repair her watch.B. Buy a new watch.C. Continue to use her watch.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
青海省湟川中学第二分校11-12学年高二下期中考试英语试题湟川中学第二分校2011-2012学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题命题人：魏志杰审题人：钟永权第一部分:听力(共两节, 满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What’s the woman’s advive?A. Going to work by bus.B. Going to work by bike.C. Going to work on foot.2. What time will the concert begin?A. At 6:50B. At 7:00C. At 7:303. Where should the man place the plant?A. In the living room.B. In the washroom.C. On the balcony.4. What is the woman going to do this Sunday?A. Go to New York..B. Hold a birthday party.C. Visit her aunt.5. What is the man doing now?A. Making appointments.B. Asking the way.C. Offering some help.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟；听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
衡师祁东附中2022-2023学年高二下学期期中考试语文试题总分：150分时间：150分钟注意事项1.答题前，考生先将自己的学校、姓名、班级、座号、考号填涂在相应位置。
2.选择题答案必须使用2B铅笔（按填涂样例）正确填涂非选择题答案必须使用0.5 毫米黑色签字笔书写。
3.请按照题号在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。
保持卡面清洁，不折叠、不破损。
一、现代文阅读（35分）（一）现代文阅读Ⅰ（本题共5小题，19分）阅读下面的文字，完成1~5题。
材料一：我国古代小说发展到了唐传奇，创作才真正进入自觉与成熟阶段。
宋人赵彦卫在《云麓漫钞》中说：“唐之举人，先藉当世显人，以姓名达之主司，然后以所业投献，逾数日又投，谓之‘温卷’，如《幽怪录》《传奇》等皆是也。
盖此等文备众体，可见史才、诗笔、议论。
”不仅道出了唐传奇的创作背景，更是精准地概括了它的文体特征与艺术特色。
特别是诗意笔法的运用，形成了一种独特的诗化风格，使作品洋溢着诗的审美意蕴。
人物形象塑造的“诗笔”运用虚实相生是古代诗歌创作的重要艺术手段，这种“诗笔”移植到唐传奇的写作中，创造了众多个性鲜明、栩栩如生的人物形象。
唐传奇塑造人物，通常是截取其重要生活片断，而把另外一些内容省略，留下大量空白让读者想象。
如沈既济《任氏传》描写任氏，仅有“容色姝丽”四字正面叙写，但其美貌却如在目前，原因就在于作者全从侧面烘托，从虚处着笔，先写郑六一见钟情、不能自已；又写韦盎派遣家僮秘密察看之后两人的一段对话，先问之“容若何”，家僮答之“奇怪也！天下未尝见之矣”，简单的一问一答，让任氏的绝美之姿跃然纸上。
这些铺叙，全从虚处落笔，由虚入实，这正是诗歌意象创造中的虚实相生之法。
其他像《莺莺传》《无双传》《虬髯客传》等作品，在人物形象的塑造上、也都充分利用了虚实相生之法，使人物形象生动饱满，具有强大的艺术感染刀。
叙事节奏的“诗笔”推动古代诗歌长于抒情，但不排斥叙事，它在叙事上讲究取舍剪裁，追求“言有尽而意无穷”的策略。
高二英语第二学期期中测试卷本试卷共12页，三大部分，满分150分。
考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：1．答卷前，考生首先检查答题卡是否整洁无缺损；考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的学校、姓名、考号和座位号填写在答题卡上。
2．选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案；不能答在试卷上。
不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。
不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4．考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，不折叠，不破损，考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分英语知识应用（共三节，满分50分）第一节单项选择（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
1. _________ his famous number 23 shirt, Michael Jordan became the most successful basketball player in the history of the game.A. WearingB. WearsC. WornD. To wear2. I live in _________ is called Shenzhen, which is really a modern city.A whichB what C. thatD. where3. The boy was caught _________ in the examination and was punished by the teacher.A. having cheatedB. cheatedC. cheatingD. cheat4. When _________why he was late, he made no answer.A. questionedB. questioningC. asking questionsD. question5. He told me he had been offered a very well-paid_________ abroad.A. serviceB. businessC. positionD. work6. It was soup _________ Oliver was eating.A thatB what C. whichD. when7. There was no_________ about it that they had got the news.A. affairB. doubtC. matterD. problem8. It_________ to me that I should pay a visit to my friend Jane.A. happenedB. supposedC. provedD. occurred9. —She was late for the party.—That’s _________she had forgotten the exact time.A. whyB. howC. becauseD. whether10. This is our contribution to ________ world of the 21st century, ________ world of independence and mutual understanding.A. the; /B. /; aC. a; theD. the; a11. I have only one day left ___ traveling to Kunming and then flying back home.A. whenB. asC. beforeD. while12. As your spoken English gets better, so ___ your written English.A. willB. doC. isD. has13. —Would you tell me ____you want your tea, with sugar or milk?—Sugar, please.A. whetherB. whenC. whatD. how14. _________we all know, Americans are competitive.A. AsB. WhichC. WhatD. That15. There are many different styles of jazz, ______ Disieland and swing.A. includesB. includingC. includedD. include第二节完形填空（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16-30各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
天津市部分区2023-2024学年高二下学期期中考试语文注意事项：本试卷分第1卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷两部分。
全卷满分120分，考试时间120分钟，作答时，将答案写在答题纸上，写在本试卷上无效。
第I卷（28分）一、（18分，每小题2分）阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。
柳永是开一代词风的宋词名家，如果说苏轼通过“以诗为词”的途径，建立了豪迈词风，从而使作为“艳科”的词提高了文学地位，并与传统文学_ ，那么，柳永则通过“以赋为词”的方式，使慢词得到了长足的发展。
整个唐五代时期，词的体式以小令为主，慢词总共不过十多首。
在柳永生活的那个年代，慢词只在市井艺人口中传唱，柳永勇于摒弃传统的偏见，创作、填写大量慢词，从根本上改变了唐五代以来小今一统天下的格局，使慢词与小令两种体式，齐头并进，如果没有柳永对慢词的探索创造，后来的苏轼、辛弃疾等人或许只能在小令世界里左冲右突，而难以创造出像《念奴娇·赤壁怀古》《水龙吟·登建康赏心亭》那样辉煌的慢词篇章。
（）。
凡有井水处，皆能颂柳词，柳永在市井中的声望连帝王将相都。
在柳永之前以及同时代的同类题材词作中，爱情缺失的深闺女性一般只是自怨自艾，逆来顺受，内心的愿望含而不露。
而柳永词作中的世俗女子，则是大胆而主动地追求爱情。
在词史上，柳永也许是将笔端第一次伸向平民妇女的内心世界，她们诉说心中的苦闷幽怨。
柳永还把词的题材朝着自我化的方向进行了拓展。
1. 依次填入文中横线上的成语，全都恰当的一项是（）A. 并驾齐驱各有千秋望其项背B. 双管齐下各有千秋望尘莫及C. 并驾齐驱平分秋色望尘莫及D. 双管齐下平分秋色望其项背2. 下列填入文中括号内的语句，衔接最恰当的一项是（）A. 柳永于词的贡献，可以说如牛顿、爱因斯坦于物理学的贡献一样，是里程碑式的的B. 柳永于词贡献，是里程碑式的，可以说如牛顿、爱因斯坦于物理学的贡献一样C. 牛顿、爱因斯坦于物理学的贡献，是里程碑式的，可以说如柳永于词的页献一样D. 可以说如牛顿、爱因斯坦于物理学的贡献一样，柳永于词的贡献，是里程碑式的3. 文中画横线的句子有语病，下列修改最恰当的一项是（）A. 柳永也许是第一次将笔端伸向平民妇女的内心世界，她们诉说心中的苦闷幽怨B. 柳永也许是将笔端伸向平民妇女的内心世界，第一次为她们诉说心中的苦闷幽怨C. 柳永也许是将笔端第一次伸向平民妇女的内心世界。
海安市实验中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期中考试语文一、现代文阅读（35分）（一）现代文阅读I（本题共5小题，18分）阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。
材料一：为了防控疫情，我国已开始大规模的接种新冠疫苗。
接种了疫苗，疫情能够得到有效的控制。
疫苗和疫苗接种法的基本理论和方法最早是我国发明的，并在治病实践中得到了广泛运用。
对抗天花病毒的“时苗”，是北宋时期发明的，时称“痘苗”。
在长期与疾病斗争的过程中，观察到有些患过传染病而康复的人，一般不再患同样的疾病。
人们用物理方法（如捣碎、研磨）处理发病个体的组织脏器，制成最原始的疫苗。
明代发明了更为安全的“熟苗”。
“时苗”虽然有一定的疗效，但毒性也很大，“苗顺者十无一死，苗凶者十只八存。
”在隆庆年之前，明朝暴发了一场大规模的天花瘟疫，致死率竟然高达80％以上。
正是这场天花的大流行，促成了熟苗种痘法的推广。
明代医生在大规模接种痘苗的过程中，通过正反方面的实践，不断总结经验，发明了“熟苗接种法”。
《种痘新书》记载：“种痘者八九千人，其莫救者，二三十耳。
”就是说用“熟苗”接种，八九千人中不能救治的仅有二三十人。
显示出这种接种技术对预防天花的安全高效。
18世纪初，预防天花的人痘接种法被引入欧洲。
英国医师爱德华·金纳创造了第一个生物制品牛痘疫苗。
19世纪巴斯德制作出更加有效的现代疫苗，给人接种达到预防目的。
虽然大规模的现代疫苗制剂是由西方发明普及的，但疫苗和接种疫苗最初理论和基本方法是我们祖先发明的。
中国古代人民在长期与疾病斗争的过程中，观察到有些患过传染病而康复的人，一般不再患同样的疾病，于是他们用物理方法（如捣碎、研磨）处理发病个体的组织脏器制成最原始的疫苗。
早在公元4世纪初，东晋葛洪所著《肘后方》中，就有关于防治狂犬病的记载，其中“治卒猢犬凡所咬毒方”有云：“仍杀所咬犬，取脑数之，后不复发。
”杀掉咬人的狂犬，以其脑浆敷于被咬处，体现了“以毒攻毒”的思维方式。
第二学期高二期中考试题英语(基础班）本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分。
满分：120分时间：100分钟第二部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）例：It is generally considered unwise to give a child ________ he or she wants.A. howeverB. whateverC. whicheverD. whenever 答案是B。
21.It is bad manners for you to make____fun of the disabled; you should know they in ____great need of our understanding.A.a; aB.a; /C. /; aD. /; /22.You can't be ____careful to make the decision as it was such a critical case.A.veryB.quiteC. tooD. to23.We'd better ___when he is thinking, as he prefers to solve problems on his own.A.wake him upB. keep him awayC. leave him aloneD. ring him up24. With all the money ____, the man had to make a living by begging.A.run outB. to run outC. used upD. to use up25.To be honest, it took me more than a month to ____myself ____thenew school life.A.adopt; toB. adjust ; toC. adapt; intoD. suit ; for26.As we know, the Internet helps people have easy_____to all kinds of information.A.accessB. passageC. wayD. approach27.-----What time is ______for us to meet?------What about 8 o'clock?A.valuableB. adequateC. suitableD. Respectable28.The two sportsmen congratulated each other ____winning the match by shaking hands.A.withB. onC. inD. to29.Is there anyone in your class who ___the car accident that happened in front of our school this morning?A.witnessedB. observedC. introducedD. predicted30.Not he but you____wanted on the phone.A.isB. amC. areD. was31.The doctor recommended that you ______swim after eating a large meal.A.wouldn'tB. couldn'tC. needn'tD. shouldn't32.John,_____money is no problem, still leads a simple life.A.for whoseB. of whoseC. of whomD. for whom33.Have you ever had a case _____someone accused your journalists ofgetting the wrong end of the stick?A.whatB. whichC. whereD. when34._______in a famous university is what most students wish for.A.To educateB. EducatedC.Being educatedD. Educating35.I am very glad ____a chance to improve my English in that famous university, and I have learned a lot .A.to have been givenB. to be givenC. to giveD. to be giving第二节完型填空（共20小题；每小题1.5 分，满分30 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
China has changed greatly over the past 20 years. Its economy has been growing by 10% a year, and it's on__36__to be the world's largest economy soon. 37___, more and more Western companies want to do business in China. But how easy is it for a Westerner to do business there ? Here are some__38_from the British Embassy in Beijing._39__. In the West, business is ruled by deadline. Chinese business people seem to act slowly__40_Western standards, so be prepared to wait for decisions._41___relationships. In the West,it's common to do business first, and then see if a relationship is possible. In China, it's the_42__. You need to build a relationship__43_you can do business.It can also be useful to find a reliable Chinese ally to work with you. He or she will be able to help with language or cultural problems and willalso be able to understand Chinese body language.You must remember to respect "__44_"' . Face means having high status with your peers. Face can be 45___, given or earned. Never _46__or insult someone in front of others,__47_losing face will make_48__impossible to make a deal. On the other hand, if you_49__someone by saying good things about him or her, then he or she will _50__face, but be careful not to do it too much.Accept the pecking order (等级排序）. This is very important in China, and the group is more important than the __51__. In business, Chinese people often don't like taking responsibility individually and may also not like giving opinions in front of others,_52__they lose face.All these__53_of the trade can help you to play the game and do business_54__in China. Be prepared, and be_55__if you want to be a winner in China.36.A. track B.way C.road D.street37. A.However B. Moreover C. As a result D. Besides38.A. advice B. tips C. messages D. suggestion39. A. Take it easy B. Hurry up C. Spend your time D.Take your time40. A. with B. by C.for D. in41. A.Build B.Found C.Construct D. Set42. A.same B.similarity C. opposite D. contradict43. A. after B.while C.but D.before44.A. cheek B.face C.them D.Chinese45.A. lose B.lost C.loss D.lossing46. A.criticize B.praise C.respect D. irritate47.A. for B.now that C.why D.as48. A. that B.this C.it D.one49.A. criticize B.praise C.respect D.irritate50.A. lose B.get C.give D.gain51. A.individual B.person C.man D.member52. A. so long as B. on condition that C.in case D.even if53.A. plots B. ways C.tricks D. approaches54.A. successful B. successfully C. succeed D.success55.A. honest B. quick C. courage D. patient第三部分阅读理解共40分（第一节共15小题；每小题2 分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
