Ch1, THE OWNER'S PERSPECTIVE, ,1.1, project life cycle, 项目全生命周期,, acquisition, 获得，取得, p1.acquisition of a constructed facility; acquisition process, alternative, 备选方案,, architect, 建筑师,, assign risks to , 向…分配风险,, award contracts, 授予合同,, blueprint, 蓝图,, cash flows, 现金流量,, conceptual planning, 概念规划,, constructed facility, 建造设施,, conversion, 改作它用,, cost control, 成本控制, p2.baseline for cost control成本控制基准, cost estimate, 成本估算,, delegate responsibility to, 向…分派责任,, demolition, 拆除, p2.the facility that lives out its useful life is designated for demolition or conversion, disposal of facility, 设施的处置,, feasibility study, 可行性研究,, financing schemes, 财务计划，融资方案, p1.financing schemes for the proposed alternatives; financing 融资, market demands, 市场需要, p1.the commitment of resources is motivated by market demands or perceived needs；meet market demands 适应市场需要, on site, 在现场,, owner, 业主,, perceived needs, 预期需求,, private corporation, 私人公司,, procurement, 采购,, project scope, 项目范围,, real estate developer, 房地产开发商,, shake-down, 调适期，适应期,, specification, 技术规范，施工详图，详细设计，规格说明书,, speculative housing market, 投机性住宅市场,, sponsor, 发起人，赞助商, p1.the "owner" and "sponsor" are synonymous because both have the ultimate authority to make all important decision, start-up, 启动/启用, p2.a brief period of start-up or shake-down of the constructed facility, the timing for the project's completion, 完成项目的时间计划,, ultimate authority, 最终权利,1.2, types of construction, 工程建设类型,, bond, 债券,, capital intensive, 资金密集型的,, chemical processing plant, 化工厂,, coal-fired plant, 燃煤发电厂,, construction contract, 建设合同，施工合同,, drainage system, 排水系统,, functional requirement, 功能性要求,, general economic conditions, 总体经济条件,, high-rise apartment, 高层公寓式住宅,, infrastructure and heavy construction, 基础设施和重型项目建设,, institutional and commercial building, 公共及商用建筑,, labor intensive, 劳动密集型的,, large shopping-center, 大型购物中心,, light manufacturing plants, 轻工业制造厂,, litigation, 诉讼,, mechanization, 机械化,, monetary and fiscal policies of the government, 政府的货币和财政政策, , mass transit systems, 公共交通运输系统,, multi-family dwellings, 多户联排住宅,, nuclear power plant, 核电厂,, oil refinery, 炼油厂,, oligopoly, 寡头垄断,, pipeline, 管线，管道,, quality inspection, 质量检查,, recreational facilities, 娱乐设施,, residential housing construction, 住宅类房屋建设,, retail chain store, 连锁零售店,, risks and rewards, 风险与回报,, single-family houses, 单户独立式住宅,, skyscraper, 摩天大楼,, sewage treatment plant, 污水处理厂,, specialized industrial construction projects, 专业化工业建设项目,, steel mill, 轧钢厂,, subcontractor, 分包商,, tunnel, 隧道,, work force, 劳动力,, warehouse, 库房,1.3, professional services, 专业服务,, Architectural and Engineering(A/E) firms, 建筑工程设计公司,, at stake, 处于危险之中，在紧要关头,, brief, 项目建议书，任务纲要,, budgeting, 编制预算,, competitive bidding, 竞争性招标,, consortium, 联合体,, constructibility, 可建造性,, construction management, 施工管理,, contractual agreement, 合同协议,, CPA(certified public accountant), 注册会计师,, CPA(certified public accounting)firms, 注册会计师事务所,, design/construct firm, 设计/施工公司,, design/construct process, 设计/施工过程,, disclaimer of reponsibilities, 免责申明,, facilities management, 设施管理,, financial planning consultants, 财务计划顾问，财务规划咨询,, follow-up, 后续,, general contractor, 总承包商,, in-house capacities, 机构内部的人才能力,, in-house staff, 内部员工,, initial construction cost, 基本建设成本，初始建造成本,, investment decision, 投资决策,, lease, 租约，出租,, line manager, 一线管理者,, negotiation, 谈判，协商,, operation and maintenance, 运营与维护,, operation cost, 运行成本,, periodic field inspection, 定期现场检查,, planning and programming stages, 规划和设计阶段, p3.the owner retains direct control of work in the planning and programming stages, process plants, 加工厂,, professional consultant, 专业咨询顾问,, project management, 项目管理,, provisions, （法律）条款,, qualification, 资质,, real estate holdings, 物业,, rental properties, 租赁物业,, technical consultant, 技术咨询单位,, tenant, 租户，承租人,, turnkey approach, 交钥匙方式,, value engineering, 价值工程,Ch8, CONSTRUCTION PLANNING, ,8.1, a natural hierarchy, 关系自然的层次结构,, borrowing expense, 借款费用, p114.borrowing expense for project financing, categories of expenditure, 支出分类,, computerized database, 计算机化的数据库,, concrete debris, 混凝土残渣,, construction defect, 施工缺陷,, cost oriented, 成本导向的,, critical path scheduling, 关键线路进度计划,, decision node, 决策节点,, dimension, 维度,, direct costs, 直接成本,, durations, 工作持续时间, p113. durations for individual tasks, indirect costs, 间接成本,, individual tasks, 单位工程,, install reinforcing steel, 绑扎钢筋,, interactions, 相互作用, p113.interactions among the different work tasks, job shop scheduling , 施工现场进度安排,, manpower, 劳动力，人力资源,, on-site inspection, 现场检查,, parallel, 并行的,, plumbing, 管道装置技术,, pouring concrete, 浇注混凝土,, relationships between project participants, 项目参与者间的关系,, remove formwork, 拆除模板,, schedule control, 进度控制,, schedule oriented, 进度导向的,, scheduling, 进度计划,, site clearance, 现场清理,, sub-tasks, 子任务,, synthesize, 综合，合成, p113.synthesize the steps required to yield this result , the choice of technology, 技术选择,, the definition of work tasks, 工作任务的确定,, trench, 沟渠,, work breakdown, 工作分解,8.2, concrete placement, 混凝土施工,, finishing the concrete, 混凝土养护,, fore-runner, 先驱,, grading, 放坡,, iteration, 迭代，反复,, milestone, 里程碑事件,, nomenclature, 术语，命名系统,, place forms, 支护模板，制模,, remove forms, 拆模,, remove vegetation, 清除植被,, resource allocations, 资源分配,, signpost, 路标，指示牌,8.3, activity network, 工作网路图,, checking precedence, 核对先导关系,, excavation, 开挖,, precedence relations, 先导关系, p116.proper precedences among activities 工作间适当的前导关系Ch10, COST CONTROL FOR CONSTURCTION PROJECT,, bill of quantities (BQs), 工程量清单,, fabricated components, 预制构件,, laws of supply and demand, 供求规律,, quantity surveyor, 工料测量师,, re-evaluation, 重新评估,, re-work, 反工,, the setting of a budget, 编制预算,, unforeseen circustances, 不可预见事件,, whole-life cost, 全寿命周期成本,, working drawings, 施工详图,, Chapter 1 THE OWNER'S PERSPECTIVE, 中文, 英文,1, 设计/施工过程, design / construct process ,2, 房地产开发商, real estate developer,3, 投机性住宅市场, speculative housing market,4, 项目管理, project management,5, 项目全寿命周期, project lifecycle,6, 项目范围, project scope,7, 专业化服务, professional services,8, 重大基础项目建设, major infrastructure construction,9, 住宅类房屋建设, residential housing construction ,10, 办公和商业用房建设, office and commercial building construction, 11, 专业化工业项目建设, specialized industrial construction,12, 专业咨询师, professional consultants,13, 总承包商, general contractor,14, 价值工程, value engineering,15, 竞争性招标, competitive bidding,16, 建筑和工程设计公司, Architectural and Engineering firms,17, 运营与维护管理, operation and maintenance management,18, 设计/施工公司, Design/Construct firms,19, 分包商, sub-contractor,20, 设施管理, facilities management,Chapter 11 ExercisesI. Translate following English into Chinesehard hat 安全帽safety shoes 安全鞋first-aid supplies 急救用品water main给水总管sewer line污水管four lane street（不知道）pre-qualification_资格预审asbestos石棉parapets胸墙、女儿墙building code建筑规范individual falls高空坠落railing栏杆、扶手opportunity costs机会成本cranes起重机fatalities意外的死亡事故passer-bys_路人jobsite工地现场safeguards保障措施workmanship手艺、工艺、技巧compliance依从，顺从，遵从，听从random samples随机样本statistical methods统计方法non-conformance不符合violation违反design specifications设计规范Unforeseen circumstances无法预计的情况•re-evaluation复评、再评估the course of construction建筑施工过程中preliminary stages初始阶段component configurations 组件配置material specifications材料规范书functional performance功能性能construction zones建设区域roadway rehabilitation道路恢复issue citations问题引用rework重做、返工procurement采购field inspection现场勘查final checkout最终结算人员伤亡casualtiesII. Translate following Chinese into English1. 施工过程中的意外事件同样会导致人身伤害和成本代价。
