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针刺治疗老年性痴呆的临床近况【摘要】随着当今社会老年性痴呆发病率的逐年增高，人们对它的重视也越来越高。
本文概括了近年来中医界对老年性痴呆病因病机的认识，并将近年来针刺治疗老年性痴呆的方法进行了概括和总结。
【关键词】老年性痴呆针刺治疗综述中图分类号：r246 文献标识码：b 文章编号：1005-0515（2011）5-082-03老年性痴呆又称阿尔茨海默病（alzheimer’s dis-ease，ad），是一种老年慢性进展性中枢神经系统退行性疾病，以认知障碍、人格改变为主要临床表现。
属于中医“健忘”、“痴呆”、“呆病”、“文痴”、“善忘”等范畴。
明·张景岳《景岳全书》第一次提出痴呆是独立性疾病：“风平素无痰，而或以郁结，或以不遂……而渐至痴呆。
”清·陈士铎《辨证录》首立呆病门，使中医对痴呆的认识逐渐完善。
现将ad 的病因病机、针刺治疗等进展状况介绍如下：1 病因病机本病病位在脑，与五脏皆有关系，但与心、脾、肝、肾四脏密切相关。
其基本病机为髓减脑消，神机失用，以心、脾、肝、肾亏虚为本，病理因素以痰瘀为标之本虚标实之证。
王永炎[1] 认为本病的发病原因主要在于年高体虚，七情内伤，心肝脾肾功能失调，气血不足，肾精衰枯，痰浊内生，气滞血瘀。
其病理机制是脏腑阴阳失调，神机失用。
黄淑芳[2]等认为老年性痴呆为内伤疾病,病势一般多较徐缓, 渐进加重,病程较长。
综观其病因病机:年高体衰, 脏腑虚损, 精气亏虚,脑髓失养为本, 气滞、血瘀、痰阻、内外毒素侵袭存留致使痰瘀痹阻脑络,神机失用为标。
本病病位在脑, 病性属虚实夹杂。
贾孟辉[3]等认为人之衰老，始于阳气不足，壮年之末，阳有所衰，阳衰而少气少血，于是逐步出现耳失聪、目欠明、智力退化、健忘迟呆、善言误、少动多卧、乃至孤僻。
痴呆等。
故阳气虚衰，脑络阻滞为本病的基本病机。
姜坤[4]认为脑为髓海，肾虚则髓海不足，脑转耳鸣；脾为生痰之源，脾虚不能运化精微，精微不化，痰瘀之生明矣。
中医对阿尔兹海默病的认识1.引言1.1 概述概述：阿尔兹海默病是一种常见的神经系统退行性疾病，它是老年痴呆的一种主要形式，占到老年人患病率的大多数。
这种疾病会对患者的认知能力、记忆功能和行为产生严重的影响，给患者及其家庭带来了巨大的负担和困扰。
目前，阿尔兹海默病的病因尚不完全明确，但与遗传、环境和生活方式等多种因素有关。
在发病机制方面，大部分阿尔兹海默病患者脑组织中存在大量异常蛋白质沉积，导致神经元功能异常，进而影响到信息传递和记忆形成。
中医对阿尔兹海默病的认识是基于长期的临床实践和思考积累而来的。
中医学认为，阿尔兹海默病主要与脑脏气血运行不畅、脑阳虚寒、肾精亏虚等相关。
中医治疗阿尔兹海默病的方法包括药物治疗、针灸、推拿、中药汤剂等，旨在改善脑部气血供应、调理脑阳虚寒、补益肾精等，以达到治疗和延缓病情进展的目的。
然而，需要指出的是，中医对阿尔兹海默病的认识和治疗方法仍然存在一定的局限性。
病情的复杂性和多样性使得中医治疗阿尔兹海默病成为一个相对困难的课题，需要更多的研究和探索。
因此，中医治疗阿尔兹海默病仍然需要与现代医学相结合，并且应该依据具体患者的病情采取个体化的治疗方案。
总体而言，中医对阿尔兹海默病的认识对于疾病的治疗和预防具有重要意义。
中医的特色和优势在于注重整体观察和分析病情，强调调理阴阳平衡，提倡个体化治疗。
因此，中医可以为阿尔兹海默病患者提供多种综合治疗方法，帮助他们提高生活质量，并且对阿尔兹海默病的研究和认识也将为中医的进一步发展提供有益的启示。
1.2 文章结构本文将以以下几个部分组成，以全面介绍中医对阿尔兹海默病的认识：第一部分是引言，引言中将简单概述阿尔兹海默病及其在社会中的重要性，并介绍本文的结构和目的。
第二部分是正文，正文将分为两个主要内容。
首先，将详细介绍阿尔兹海默病的概述，包括其定义、病因、病理变化和临床表现等方面的内容，以确保读者对该疾病有充分的了解。
其次，将深入探讨中医对阿尔兹海默病的认识，包括中医对疾病起因、发病机制和病理变化的解释以及对患者的治疗方法和药物调理等方面的认识。
河北省专升本英语考试真题及答案全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Hebei Province College English Examination Questions and AnswersPart I: Reading Comprehension (40 points)Directions: There are four passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on your answer sheet.Passage 1The year 2019 was characterized by major events that presented challenges and opportunities for global collaboration. From the escalating trade tensions between China and the US to the ongoing climate crisis, there have been many issues that require international cooperation. Despite the difficulties, there were also significant advancements in various fields that demonstrate the power of working together.1. What characterized the year 2019?A. Major advancementsB. Global challengesC. International cooperationD. Escalating trade tensions2. Which issue is NOT mentioned in the passage as requiring international cooperation?A. Trade tensions between China and the USB. Climate crisisC. Advancements in various fieldsD. Challenges and opportunities3. The passage suggests that global collaboration is important in addressingA. challenges and opportunitiesB. escalating trade tensionsC. advancements in various fieldsD. the climate crisisAnswer: 1. B 2. C 3. D---This is just a sample of what you can expect in the Hebei Province College English Examination. The exam covers a range of topics from reading comprehension to grammar and vocabulary. It is important to prepare thoroughly for each section to maximize your chances of success. Good luck!篇2河北省专升本英语考试真题及答案Part I: Reading Comprehension (40 points)Read the following passages and choose the best answer for each question.Passage 1In the past, people used to learn many skills from their parents or grandparents. They watched what they did and then practiced on their own. This was especially true for tasks that required craftsmanship, such as woodworking, cooking, or sewing.But in today's society, traditional skills are often being lost as people rely more on technology and modern conveniences. Many young people today do not know how to sew a button orcook a basic meal because they have grown up with ready-made clothes and fast food.It is important to preserve these skills and pass them on to future generations. Learning traditional skills not only helps us appreciate the effort that goes into making things, but also fosters a sense of independence and self-reliance.1. The main idea of this passage is that __________.A. traditional skills are no longer importantB. young people today are not interested in learning traditional skillsC. it is important to preserve and pass on traditional skillsD. technology and modern conveniences have made traditional skills obsoleteAnswer: C. it is important to preserve and pass on traditional skills2. According to the passage, what are some of the benefits of learning traditional skills?A. It helps us appreciate the effort that goes into making things.B. It fosters a sense of independence and self-reliance.C. Both A and BD. None of the aboveAnswer: C. Both A and B3. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a traditional skill in the passage?A. WoodworkingB. CookingC. SewingD. Computer programmingAnswer: D. Computer programmingPassage 2The world is facing a climate crisis, and urgent action is needed to address the environmental challenges we are facing. One of the key solutions to combat climate change is to reduce our carbon footprint by making sustainable choices in our daily lives.There are many ways we can reduce our carbon footprint, such as using public transportation, recycling, and reducingenergy consumption at home. By making small changes in our lifestyle, we can make a big impact on the environment and help preserve our planet for future generations.4. According to the passage, what is one key solution to combat climate change?A. Using public transportationB. RecyclingC. Reducing energy consumption at homeD. All of the aboveAnswer: D. All of the above5. What is the main idea of this passage?A. Urgent action is needed to address the environmental challenges we are facing.B. The world is facing a climate crisis.C. One key solution to combat climate change is to reduce our carbon footprint.D. Making sustainable choices in our daily lives can help preserve our planet for future generations.Answer: D. Making sustainable choices in our daily lives can help preserve our planet for future generations.Part II: Vocabulary and Structure (30 points)Choose the best answer to complete each sentence.6. I __________ my keys this morning, and I can't find them anywhere.A. lostB. was losingC. have lostD. loseAnswer: A. lost7. My sister is allergic __________ cats, so she can't be around them.A. onB. toC. withD. byAnswer: B. to8. The __________ of pollution on the environment is a major concern.A. affectB. effectC. affectingD. effectedAnswer: B. effect9. The students __________ English for four years by the time they graduate.A. will have been studyingB. will have studiedC. have been studyingD. will be studyingAnswer: A. will have been studying10. It is important to __________ a healthy lifestyle by eating well and exercising regularly.A. maintainB. achieveC. sustainD. obtainAnswer: A. maintainPart III: Cloze Test (30 points)Fill in the blanks with the appropriate words.Every year, millions of people around the world (11)__________ from air pollution. According to a recent report by the World Health Organization, air pollution is one of the (12)__________ causes of premature death, (13) __________ more deaths than smoking.Air pollution is caused by the release of harmful substances into the atmosphere, often as a result of human activities such as (14) __________, industrial processes, and transportation. It can have serious health (15) __________, including respiratory diseases, heart disease, and even cancer.To (16) __________ the impact of air pollution on our health and the environment, it is important to take action to reduce emissions and promote cleaner energy sources. By working together to (17) __________ air pollution, we can create a cleaner and healthier future for ourselves and (18) __________ generations.Answers:11. die12. leading13. causing14. deforestation15. consequences16. mitigate17. combat18. futurePart IV: Writing (100 points)Write an essay on the following topic:"Discuss the importance of education in today's society."In your essay, you should:- Explain why education is important.- Describe the benefits of education for individuals and society.- Discuss how education can help address social and economic challenges.(Your essay should be between 300-500 words.)Answer:Education plays a crucial role in shaping society and preparing individuals for success in today's rapidly changing world. It is through education that we acquire knowledge, skills, and values that enable us to contribute to society and lead fulfilling lives.One of the key reasons why education is important is that it helps individuals develop critical thinking skills and the ability to analyze information. By learning how to think critically, students can make informed decisions and solve complex problems. Education also provides individuals with the necessary skills to participate in the workforce and pursue their career goals.Furthermore, education has numerous benefits for society as a whole. By investing in education, countries can empower their citizens and improve the overall quality of life. Educated individuals are more likely to contribute to the economy, engage in civic activities, and support positive social change. Education also plays a vital role in promoting social cohesion and reducing inequality by providing equal opportunities for all members of society.Moreover, education can help address social and economic challenges by equipping individuals with the tools they need to overcome obstacles and achieve their full potential. Education is a powerful tool for breaking the cycle of poverty and empowering marginalized communities. By providing access to quality education for all, societies can foster economic growth, reduce unemployment, and create a more inclusive and equitable society.In conclusion, education is indispensable in today's society as it empowers individuals, benefits society as a whole, and helps address social and economic challenges. By investing in education, we can create a more prosperous, equitable, and sustainable future for all.篇3Title: Hebei Province Specialized Undergraduate English Exam Questions and AnswersIntroduction:The Specialized Undergraduate English Exam in Hebei Province is an important assessment for individuals looking to further their education through specialized undergraduate programs. In this article, we will provide a comprehensive reviewof the exam questions and answers in order to help students prepare for this examination successfully.Listening Comprehension:Question 1: What is the main topic of the conversation?A) Job opportunities in the cityB) Vacation plans for the summerC) Problems at workD) Moving to a new apartmentAnswer: C) Problems at workQuestion 2: What does the man suggest the woman do?A) Take a break and relaxB) Talk to their boss about the issueC) Look for a new jobD) Quit her job and travelAnswer: B) Talk to their boss about the issueReading Comprehension:Passage 1:Question 1: What is the main idea of the passage?A) The importance of physical exerciseB) The benefits of a healthy dietC) The relationship between diet and exerciseD) The dangers of a sedentary lifestyleAnswer: C) The relationship between diet and exerciseQuestion 2: According to the passage, why is it important to maintain a balanced diet?A) To lose weightB) To improve mental healthC) To prevent diseasesD) To increase energy levelsAnswer: C) To prevent diseasesWriting Section:Task: Write an essay on the advantages and disadvantages of studying abroad.Answer:Studying abroad has become increasingly popular in recent years, with many students opting to pursue higher education in foreign countries. There are several advantages to studying abroad, such as experiencing a new culture, gaining independence, and improving language skills. However, there are also some disadvantages, including being far away from family and friends, facing financial challenges, and struggling with homesickness. In conclusion, while studying abroad can be a valuable and enriching experience, it is important for students to consider both the benefits and drawbacks before making this decision.Conclusion:In conclusion, the Hebei Province Specialized Undergraduate English Exam is a challenging but essential assessment for students looking to further their education. By familiarizing themselves with the exam questions and answers, students can better prepare themselves for success on the day of the exam. Good luck to all the students taking the exam!。
针灸治疗阿尔茨海默病患者认知功能障碍的思路与方法发布时间：2022-09-27T05:32:11.028Z 来源：《中国医学人文》2022年12期作者：刘全惠陈思妍[导读] 阿尔茨海默病（Alzheimer's disease，AD）是一种慢性进展性中枢神经系统退行性改变的疾病。
临床上以记忆功刘全惠陈思妍福建中医药大学福建省福州市 350000摘要:阿尔茨海默病（Alzheimer's disease，AD）是一种慢性进展性中枢神经系统退行性改变的疾病。
临床上以记忆功能减退、认知功能障碍为其主要表现，且伴随着病情持续及进一步向恶化方向发展,会导致学习和记忆能力的进行性损害。
应用针灸治疗AD认知功能障碍，具有其独特且显著的临床优势，能有效地缓解AD的临床症状，而且副作用较小，病人的依从性和接受度也更高。
目前，在临床上可通过利用多种针刺疗法来有效地治疗AD，减缓其病程的发展，如传统针刺、电针、头针、特种针法等。
因此，通过对AD病因病机的认识，并对各种针灸疗法的临床应用进行了总结和分析，旨在为临床上针灸治疗AD患者的认知功能障碍提供新的思路。
关键词：针灸；阿尔茨海默病；认知功能障碍；综述阿尔茨海默病，即老年痴呆,是一种目前原因尚未明确的慢性进行性脑变性疾病所致的痴呆综合征，是目前世界上的高致死疾病之一。
在临床表现上，以智力损伤为主，最常见的表现是记忆力障碍和损伤，其次是空间定向障碍、分析和理解、计算能力下降、判断能力下降等的认知功能受损[1]。
目前,AD临床上尚无有效的药物治疗。
且有研究表明,非药物治疗对轻度和中度的痴呆病人的情绪和生存质量有一定的改善作用,这一研究已获得证实[2]。
针灸可对AD患者的脑组织局部血液循环有一定的改善作用，可以促进脑部血的供应，从而减缓阿尔茨海默病的发展进程。
因此，本文对针灸疗法在AD的临床研究中的应用进行了探讨，以期进一步明确针灸的治疗效果，为临床针灸治疗AD患者的认知功能障碍提供新的思路，作如下综述。
中医对阿尔茨海默病的辅助治疗阿尔茨海默病（Alzheimer's disease）是一种常见的老年性痴呆症，以认知障碍和记忆力减退为主要特征。
目前，西医中尚无特效治疗药物，而中医作为中国传统医学的重要组成部分，注重整体观察和个体化治疗，提供了一些辅助治疗方法以帮助患者改善症状和延缓疾病进展。
本文将探讨中医在阿尔茨海默病辅助治疗中的应用。
一、辨证施治中医治疗阿尔茨海默病，首先要进行全面的辨证施治。
根据患者的具体症状、体质和脉象等，中医医生可以判定其属于何种证型，再针对性地进行治疗。
常见的证型包括肝肾阴虚型、痰湿阻络型、血瘀互结型等。
辨证施治可以通过调理阴阳平衡、活血化瘀、理气化痰等方法，缓解患者的症状。
二、中药治疗中药在阿尔茨海默病的辅助治疗中发挥着重要作用。
根据中医的辨证施治理论，中医医生可以配制个体化的中药方剂。
常用的中药包括天麻、川芎、益智仁等。
这些中药具有活血化瘀、清热解毒、养阴补肾等功效，能够改善患者的脑功能，减轻认知障碍和记忆力减退。
三、针灸疗法针灸是中医治疗阿尔茨海默病的另一种常用方法。
通过在特定穴位施针，可以调理气血运行，促进神经细胞的营养供应，有助于改善认知功能和记忆力。
常用的针灸穴位包括百会穴、神门穴、涌泉穴等。
针灸疗法安全、无副作用，适用于大多数患者，但需要定期坚持治疗才能获得较好的效果。
四、推拿按摩推拿按摩是中医对阿尔茨海默病的辅助治疗中常用的手段之一。
通过按摩头部、颈部和背部等部位，可以促进血液循环，舒缓肌肉紧张，提升患者的睡眠质量。
同时，按摩还可以刺激头部的穴位，促进脑部神经细胞的活动，改善认知功能。
五、饮食调理中医在阿尔茨海默病的辅助治疗中还注重饮食调理。
中医认为，适当的饮食可以补充营养，提供能量，对改善患者的症状有一定的帮助。
建议患者多摄入新鲜蔬菜水果，适量摄入富含脂肪酸的食物，如鱼类、坚果等，这些食物有助于维持大脑功能。
六、调节情绪阿尔茨海默病患者常常伴有情绪不稳定的问题，而中医在辅助治疗中也注重调节情绪。
针灸治疗某些神经系统疾病的临床研究神经系统疾病是指影响人体神经系统功能的一系列疾病，如帕金森病、阿尔茨海默病、脑卒中等。
这些疾病会对患者的生活造成严重影响，极大地减少了患者的生活质量。
针灸是一种古老而广泛应用的治疗方法，其可以显著缓解许多神经系统疾病的症状，并得到了科学界广泛的认可。
本文将着重介绍针灸治疗某些神经系统疾病的临床研究。
一、针灸治疗帕金森病帕金森病是一种神经系统退行性疾病，其主要症状为肌肉僵硬、震颤和不随意运动。
通过实验和临床实践表明，针灸能够显著缓解帕金森病患者的症状。
一些针灸研究表明，针灸可改善帕金森病患者的肌张力，提高患者的生活质量。
另外，一些临床研究还表明，针灸可以促进帕金森病患者血中多巴胺的水平，从而减轻疾病症状。
二、针灸治疗阿尔茨海默病阿尔茨海默病是一种神经系统退行性疾病，其主要症状为记忆力丧失，智力退化。
通过实验和临床实践表明，针灸能够改善阿尔茨海默病患者的认知能力和行动能力。
一些针灸研究表明，针灸可以改善阿尔茨海默病患者的睡眠质量，促进其血流量的增加，提高认知能力。
三、针灸治疗脑卒中脑卒中是一种常见的神经系统疾病，其主要症状为偏瘫、失语、言语障碍等等。
通过实验和临床实践表明，针灸能够显著缓解脑卒中患者的症状。
一些针灸研究表明，针灸可以提高脑卒中患者的日常生活能力，改善其饮食和沟通，促进肢体的康复。
四、针灸治疗癫痫癫痫是一种神经系统变态反应性疾病，其主要症状是意识丧失、抽搐等。
通过实验和临床实践表明，针灸可以显著缓解癫痫患者的症状。
一些针灸研究表明，针灸可以降低癫痫的发作频率和持续时间，同时还可以提高癫痫患者的心理状态和生活质量。
总结：针灸已成为一种广泛应用的治疗方法，其中包括一些神经系统疾病。
通过实验证明，针灸可以显著改善患者的症状和保障患者的生活质量。
我们相信，在不久的将来，针灸将成为神经系统疾病治疗的重要方法之一。
穴位埋线治疗阿尔茨海默病临床观察阿尔茨海默病(AD)是一种以记忆认知障碍为首要临床表现的大脑多区域神经退行性疾病。
随着我国老龄化的进展，AD发病率逐年增高，探索其发病机制，寻找有效的治疗方法已成为学术界的研究热点，AD早期病理过程可长达数十年，一旦临床症状出现，则发生持续性、进行性的智能衰退，目前尚无特效的逆转其病理变化的措施。
针灸在痴呆的理论研究和治疗方面积累了丰富经验，也建立了比较完善的理论体系，但在临床上病人是很难坚持长期针灸治疗的，这样势必影响针灸在这一领域的运用与发展。
采用穴位埋线治疗AD，病人的依从性大大提高，为AD的治疗提供了一条新的途径。
1一般资料26例患者分别来自郑州市爱馨老年公寓、恒爱老年公寓、河南省老干部疗养院及河南中医学院第三附属医院神经科门诊，均符合美国国立精神病、语言功能障碍和卒中研究所及阿尔茨海默病和相关疾病学会诊断标准(NINCDS-ADRDA)中很可能AD的诊断标准，经痴呆程度评价标准(CDR)评分确诊为轻、中度AD患者，并且经过影像及临床检查等其他手段排除其他疾病。
先将患者依据年龄、受教育程度、病程作为配对条件进行配对，再按随机化原则分为穴位埋线组和穴位刺激组，每组13例，经统计学处理，2组患者在性别、年龄分布、病程和受教育程度方面比较差异均无显著性意义(见表1)。
实验前经医院伦理委员会研究同意，均签署知情同意书。
2 治疗与观察方法2．1 材料无菌包1个(弯盘1个，9号腰穿针1个，镊子1把，剪刀1把)。
2-0号铬制羊肠线(批号：301167)，5mL一次性注射器1支，2％利多卡因5mL×1支，0.9％氯化钠注射液10mL×1支，创可贴，一次性手套。
2．2 操作方法(1)穴位埋线组：穴取神门、丰隆、太溪、足三里。
常规消毒，1％利多卡因在穴位处分别做局部麻醉，每穴约注射0.3mL，将2-0号铬制羊肠线穿入腰穿针，各穴位分别埋人肠线长度为：太溪直埋1.5cm，丰隆、足三里直埋3cm，神门向上斜埋1cm。
针刺治疗阿尔茨海默病的临床观察目的对针刺应用于阿尔茨海默病临床治疗中的效果进行观察研究。
方法选取2013年4月～2016年12月在宜昌市中医医院接受治疗的阿尔茨海默病患者102例为研究对象，并1：1随机分为参照组和实验组，各51例。
对常规药物治疗和针刺治疗的效果进行对照研究。
结果就治疗总有效率而言，实验组患者明显高于参照组[92.16% vs72.55%]；就MMSE评分而言，实验组患者明显高于参照组；就ADL评分、ADAS-cog评分而言，实验组患者均明显低于参照组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。
结论针刺应用于阿尔茨海默病临床治疗中的效果十分理想，值得大力推广。
标签：针刺；阿爾茨海默病；临床效果阿尔茨海默病这种临床上最为常见的老年痴呆类型的发生率随着人口老龄化日益严重而呈现出大幅度上升的增长趋势，对人们的身体健康、生活质量等造成了较为严重的困扰，给家庭和社会带来了较为沉重的负担[1]。
本院将针刺应用收治的阿尔茨海默病患者中，效果明显，现报道如下。
1 资料和方法1.1 一般资料选取2013年4月～2016年12月在宜昌市中医医院接受治疗的阿尔茨海默病患者102例为研究对象，以上患者已经将存在严重心脑血管疾病、消化系统疾病、呼吸系统疾病、肝肾功能障碍等疾病的患者进行有效排除，并且均经脑彩超与脑CT检查等相关检查方法确定符合NINCDS -ADRDA（美国国立神经病语言障碍卒中研究所和阿尔茨海默病及相关疾病学会）[2]中关于该病的相关临床诊断标准，其中男、女分别55例和47例；最小年龄51岁、最大年龄88岁，中位年龄（68.59±4.36）岁；病程1.1～6.4年，平均病程（2.45±0.71）年；按照多中心、平行、随机、对照设计的研究方法将以上患者通过急诊日期将其分为参照组和实验组，各51例。
其中就诊日期尾数为奇数的患者纳入参照组，尾数为偶数的患者纳入实验组，上述性别、年龄、病程以及病情等一般资料，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。
基于NLRP3炎症小体探讨针刺治疗阿尔茨海默病
王瑞奇;詹逸珺;裴建
【期刊名称】《中医学报》
【年(卷),期】2024(39)6
【摘要】持续过度的免疫炎症反应在阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer′s disease,AD)的病理机制中发挥关键作用。
核苷酸结合寡聚化结构域样受体蛋白3(NOD-like receptor protein 3,NLRP3)炎症小体在神经炎症通路中至关重要,NLRP3炎症小体在β淀粉样蛋白(amyloidβ-protein,Aβ)等多种刺激下异常激活,触发AD的病理变化导致认知功能的下降,因此NLRP3炎症小体可能为AD的治疗提供新的靶点。
针刺可通过调控TLR4/NF-κB信号通路、调节肠道菌群紊乱等方式抑制NLRP3炎症小体激活,从而抑制小胶质细胞活化及促炎细胞因子表达,进而发挥治疗AD的作用。
未来可通过组学技术、高通量质谱分析和生物信息学等方法从多维角度进行研究,为针刺防治AD提供更有力的证据。
【总页数】6页(P1171-1176)
【作者】王瑞奇;詹逸珺;裴建
【作者单位】上海中医药大学附属龙华医院针灸科
【正文语种】中文
【中图分类】R245.742
【相关文献】
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2.基于NLRP3炎症小体相关信号通路探讨中医药治疗溃疡性结肠炎的研究进展
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J. Acupunct. Tuina. Sci. 2014, 12 (6): 354-357 DOI: 10.1007/s11726-014-0804-8●354 ●︱© Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2014CLINICAL STUDYClinical Observation of Acupuncture-moxibustion for Alzheimer ’s DiseaseCui LiShanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200082, ChinaAuthor : Cui Li, master of medicine, resident.E-mail: cuili0627@CLC Number : R246.6 Document Code : AAbstractObjective : To observe the clinical efficacy of acupuncture-moxibustion in treating Alzheimer’s Disease (AD).Methods : Forty-eight eligible AD patients were enrolled to receive acupuncture plus herb-partitioned moxibustion. Mini-mental state examination (MMSE) was adopted for evaluation before and after intervention, and the therapeutic efficacy was observed.Results : After intervention, the MMSE score changed significantly (P ＜0.01), and the total effective rate was 83.3%.Conclusion : Acupuncture-moxibustion can significantly improve the cognitive function of AD patients, beneficial to the general promotion of the quality of life.Key WordsAcupuncture-moxibustion Therapy; Acupuncture Therapy; Moxibustion Therapy; Indirect Moxibustion; Alzheimer DiseaseAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is a kind of progressive neurodegenerative disease with an insidious onset. It’s clinically manifested by memory loss, aphasia, apraxia, agnosia, visuospatial impairment, disturbance in executive functioning, personality and behavioral changes, while the cause is not clear yet. With the increased sense of health and aging of population in China, the incidence of AD has been growing rapidly. Meanwhile, as AD patients cannot manage themselves well, and their behaviors are often unacceptable, AD not only deeply affects the quality of life of the patients, but also brings heavy burden to the family and society [1]. Currently, many researches focusing on the cause and pathology of AD have been conducted, but there is no specific drug for AD yet [2]. In recent years, to discover an effective treatment protocol based on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), we have adopted acupuncture and moxibustion in treating AD, and the report is now given as follows.1 Clinical Materials1.1 Diagnostic and inclusion criteriaIn conformity with the relevant diagnostic criteria of AD in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (the fourth edition, revision, DSM-IV-R) by American Psychiatric Association and the criteria proposed by the National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke (NINCDS) and the Alzheimer ’s Disease and Related Disorders Association (ADRDA)[3]: decreased cognitive function and activities of daily living (ADL) ≥6 months; Hamilton depression rating scale (HAMD) ≤14,中文翻译稿●●︱Copyright©2011 Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian针灸治疗阿尔茨海默病的临床观察崔丽上海市中西医结合医院针灸康复推拿科，上海 200082，中国【摘要】目的：观察针灸治疗阿尔茨海默病（Alzheimer disease ，AD ）的临床疗效。
方法：选择符合纳入标准的48例AD 患者，给予针刺及隔药灸治疗。
于治疗前及治疗结束后进行简易精神状态检查(mini-mental state examination ，MMSE)评分，并观察疗效。
结果：治疗后，MMSE 评分与治疗前有统计学差异(P <0.01)；总有效率为83.3%。
结论：针灸治疗能显著改善AD 患者的认知能力，有利于全面提高AD 患者生活质量。
【关键词】针灸疗法；针刺疗法；灸法；间接灸；阿尔茨海默病阿尔茨海默病（Alzheimer disease ，AD ）是一种起病隐匿的进行性发展的神经系统退行性疾病。
临床上以记忆障碍、失语、失用、失认、视空间技能损害、执行功能障碍以及人格和行为改变等全面性痴呆表现为特征，病因迄今未明。
随着我国人口老龄化问题的日益严重与人们健康意识的逐渐增强，AD 的临床发病率呈现出快速增长趋势。
同时该病患者缺乏自理能力，其表现出的精神行为症状多为正常人所无法接受，在严重影响患者自身生活质量的同时，也给家庭和社会带来了巨大的负担[1]。
目前关于AD 的病因和病理研究较多，尚缺乏特效药物治疗[2]。
为探讨治疗AD 的有效传统中医治疗方案，近年来，笔者采用针灸治疗AD 患者，现报道如下。
1 临床资料1.1 诊断及纳入标准符合美国精神病学会《精神障碍诊断与统计手册》修订第4版(Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Revision, DSM-IV-R)和美国神经病学、语言障碍和卒中研究所AD 及相关疾病协会(NINCDS-ADRDA) 制定的相关的AD 诊断标准[3]：出现认知功能和日常生活能力下降至少6个月；汉密尔顿抑郁量表(Hamilton depression rating scale, HAMD)评分≤l4分, 改良Hachinski 缺血评分≤6分，且排除中、重度抑郁和血管性痴呆；根据DSM-IV-R 诊断为轻、中度痴呆，且MMSE 评分为10-24分的AD 患者；每位患者均行脑CT 或MRI 及相关检查。
1. 2排除标准血管性痴呆、Pick 病、路易体痴呆、甲状腺功能低下、维生素B 1缺乏症等引起的痴呆患者；有严重心、肺、肝、肾等主要脏器病变者；近三月内接受其他抗痴呆药物和（或）激活脑细胞药物治疗者；根据文化程度，MMSE 评分为以下结果者：文盲≤4分，小学≤7分，中学以上≤10分。
1.3统计方法所有数据均使用计算机处理，其中数据库管理及统计分析应用SPSS 13.0统计软件。
计量资料以均数±标准差 (x ±s )表示，治疗前后比较采用配对t 检验。
以P <0.05为差异有统计学意义。
1.4 一般资料选取2012年11月～2014年1月在上海市中西医结合医院针灸康复推拿科就诊的AD 患者48例，其中男28例，女20例；年龄55～89岁，平均69岁；文盲7例，小学14例，中学17例，大学(包括大专)l0例。
2 治疗方法2.1 针刺穴位：百会、四神聪。
操作：患者取俯卧位。
穴位局部常规消毒后，选用直径0.30 mm ，长40-50 mm 的不锈钢毫针针刺。
用夹持进针法，针身与头皮呈30°夹角将针刺入帽状腱膜下。
不提插，用示指桡侧面与拇指掌侧面夹持针柄捻转，通过示指掌指关节连续伸展，使针身转动，每分钟捻转200次，连续捻转2-3 min 后留针5 min 。
