新视野大学英语读写教程二 课件Unit 3

Unit 3 – Section A●Language Focus – Words in Use1. Ernest Hemingway's keen insight into his society, ardent love for people and perceptive abilities helped him to form his own (peculiar) characteristic of writing.2. The project is on the point of collapse, and unless something very (radical) is done to repair the damage there will be no hope for the project.3. It's not unusual for teenagers to go through a(n) (phase) when they feel ashamed of their parents, afraid that they might not live up to their friends' standards.4. It is (sensible) for every family to make earthquake emergency plans and know how to leave the area during the chaos following an earthquake.5. Economists are interested in all the factors that can help to (predict) the extent to which a price change will affect supply and demand in the market.6. Starting Monday, all foods (labeled) "organic" must be up to the strict national standards that the government decided to put into effect now.7. There is more to a woman than her looks, so I (resent) the fact that after a woman grows old and loses her looks people stop paying attention to her.8. Apart from technological development, the 20th century (witnessed) an enormous worldwide political, economic and cultural transformation.9. Unlike the practice in China, if you're at a hotel restaurant in the United States, expect a 15-20 percent service charge or add the (equivalent) amount yourself.10. The change in smoking habits (parallels) a change in the incidence of lung cancer. The more people smoke, the more chances of occurrence for lung cancer.●Word Building1.chaos2.drama3.academic4.depress5.detect6.erode7.classify8.confusion9.cooperation10.dictation11.right12.journalist1.chaotic2.dramatic3.academy4.depression5.detection6.erosion7.classification8.confuse9.cooperate10.dictate11.rightist12.journal1. One thing that helps you to listen to your thoughts is to keep a(n) (journal) because it helps to record various insights you gain when doing daily activities.2. The country went through a(n) (chaotic) period of social and economic transformation: a boom in banking, engineering, scientific research and political thinking.3. After the disaster many people began to suggest that government offices that help with storm preparations (cooperate) with offices that monitor wild animals.4. Even though people didn't expect much, the president's speech did little to prevent the (erosion) of people's confidence in the government.5. New Zealand's economy has probably been going through a more (dramatic) revolution recently than that of any other Western countries.6. The language teacher gave the students a short list of words that are in common use in the UK but would either (confuse) or even offend Americans.7. My middle daughter received three scholarships to attend a summer military (academy) . Later she became our city's first international foreign-exchange student.8. Systematic sampling (系统抽样) of West German voters carried out in 1979-1980 indicated that 13 percent of all voters in the Federal Republic were (rightists) in their political views.9. People who spend more time on the Internet experienced more (depression) and loneliness than those who spend less time on the Net.10. Though he did not (dictate) his speech to the audience, he went at a pace slow enough for the listeners to take down a lot of what he said.11. Speaking of clone, most of the physical differences between originals and copies are so minor that (detection) of them would require a sophisticated laboratory.12. The up-to-date (classification) of books in the newly-built school library helps you to find the books you want more quickly than before.●Banked ClozeThere is a special life stage that our generation goes through. It is the (1) (transition) period, during which we move from teenage to adolescence. We learn who we are and what we stand for and what inspires us. Also, in this period we are (2) (saddled) with a lot of pressure from our parents who want us to make something out of ourselves.My parents have already expressed feelings of (3) (anxiety) over my future with academics and life. When I expressed to them recently that I would not mind graduating in five years instead of four in order to study abroad to (4) (acquaint)myself with the world, they seemed so shocked. That idea sounded foreign and to them was (5) (equivalent) to lack of ambition.Apart from that, my mother has (6) (expressed) to me that she is worried that I am not searching for a boyfriend. I (7) (resent) this stupid idea of marrying out of college since it does not suit me one bit. Women today can get what they want out of life without a man, even children, as it becomes more (8) (acceptable) for women to adopt children.I personally want to stay in school as long as I can to (9) (reinforce) my academic work, possibly complete a law degree and start a career, and then after, and only after, begin to think about (10) (shifting) to marriage. If my math is correct, that means I will be more or less "ready" for marriage at the age of 29 or 30, the age when my mother had me.●Language Focus – Expressions in Use1. As the result of her divorce, she was obviously (saddled with) the double burden of playing the role of both mother and father.2. Do not be intimidated by people who think they are smarter than you, and don't (back off) when facing competition; inner confidence is important.3. As our sweet childhood (gives way to) adolescence's temptation of love, we begin to learn, as adults, that most pleasures do not last forever.4. In the economic recession, employers (resorted to) the reduction of costs, most particularly in wages, in order to survive in the competitive world markets.5. People from abroad can take part in the intensified language program because schools have to (make allowances for) students whose English is not their first language.6. Talking about negotiations, once an agreement is made, the Chinese sometimes (wonder at) the slow pace in which Westerners implement the decision.7. Earthquakes occur without warning; however, it is claimed that some animals can feel earthquakes (prior to) occurrences because of their highly sensitive organs.8. An allowance can be (based upon/based on) your child's age, your own financial resources, the expenses it will cover and the goals you and your child wish to accomplish.●Translation●➢英译汉As an important part of the American culture value system, "individualism" is admired by most American people. Americans view the family as a group whose primary purpose is to advance the happiness of individual members. In contrast to many other cultures, the primary responsibility of the American family member is not to advance the family as a group, either socially or economically. What would be best for the family is not usually considered to be as important as what would be best for the individual. With freedom comes the responsibility to care for oneself, for it is the freedom of choice that carries with it the responsibility: to accept the consequences of the choices. Many Americans give their children a lot of freedom because they want them to be independent and self-reliant. Along with the American emphasis on individual freedom, the belief in equality between parents and children also has had a strong effect on the family.作为美国文化价值体系的一个重要组成部分，"个人主义"受到大多数美国人的推崇。

U3 ACollege life in the Internet age互联网时代的大学生活Thecollegecampus,longaplaceofscholarshipandfrontiersofnewtechnology, isbeingtransformedintoanewageofelectronicsbyafleetoflaptops,smartphones and connectivity 2hours aday.大学校园长久以来都是学术之地，也是新技术的前沿。

现在随着手提电脑和智能手机的大量出现，加上每天 2 小时不间断的网络连接，大学校园正在转而进入电子设备的新时代。

Onatypicalmodern-daycampus, whereeverybuildingandmostoutdoorcommonareas offerwirelessInternetaccess, onestudenttakesherlaptopeverywhere. Inclass, she takes notes with it, sometimes instant-messaging or emailing friends if the professorislessthaninteresting. Inherdorm, sheinstant-messagesherroommate sittingjustafewfeetaway. Sheistiedtohersmartphone, whichsheevenuses totextafriendwholivesoneflooraboveher, andwhichsuppliesmusicforwalks betweenclasses.在典型的现代校园里，每幢建筑和大部分室外公共区域都提供无线互联网接入，学生可以把手提电脑带到任何地方。

课堂上，她用手提电脑记笔记，有时如果教授的课一点都没意思，她就会给朋友发送即时信息或电子邮件。

Unit 3Section AⅢ. 1. mutual 2. illusion 3. canceled 4. overlooked 5. proceeded 6. resolve7. prejudice 8. compromise 9. confirm 10. subsequentlyⅣ. 1. have nothing to do with 2. taking care of 3. met with 4. on the surface5. work out6. incompatible with7. ups and downs8. learned of9. indication of 10. all alongⅤ. 1-5 MLFDH 6-10 OACIKⅥ. 1. shopping 2. feeling 3. storage 4. cooking 5. ending 6. beginning7. gathering 8. removal 9. arrival 10. passage 11. writing 12. marriageⅦ. 1. relationship 2. citizenship 3. leadership 4. membership 5. boyhood6. livelihood7. brotherhood8. authorship9. adulthood 10. neighborhood11. wisdom 12. ownershipⅧ. 1. It is never too bad (for us) to do something about the situation.2. One is never too old to learn.3. It is never too late (for you) to put a stop to this madness.4. It is never too late (for you) to mend your ways.5. His income was never too small to support his family.Ⅸ. 1. My best friend, Anna, was here last night.2. The company manager, Mr. Madison, gathered his staff and announced the decision.3. You should have seen an ophthalmologist, an eye doctor.4. He sent for the accountant, the most experienced person in accounting.5. “Leave it to me,” said David, the man on night duty.Ⅹ. 1. You are never too experienced to learn new techniques.2. There remains one problem, namely, who should be sent to head the research there.3. There relationship did meet with some difficulty at the beginning because of culturaldifferences.4. Though he has had ups and downs, I believed all along that he would succeed someday.5. I have some reservations about the truth of your claim.6. She isn’t particularly tall, but her slim figure gives an illusion of height.Ⅺ. 1.应迟早告知年轻人：必须认真对待法律。

新视野大学英语第三版读写教程第二册Unit3课文大意课文背景本单元的课文是关于“梦想与现实”的讨论。

它引发了对人们在追求梦想时面临的现实挑战的深入思考。

在本单元的学习中，我们将了解到一些令人鼓舞的梦想实现的故事，同时也要考虑到在现实世界中实现梦想所需面对的困难。

课文大意本单元的课文标题是《鲍勃·金带给贫穷者的梦想》(Bob Geldof, Bringing Dreams to the Poor)，它讲述了鲍勃·金的慈善事业和他对改变世界的梦想。

课文开篇提到了鲍勃·金，他是一位英国摇滚乐队“劳动者兄弟会”(Boomtown Rats)的主唱。

他在音乐事业上取得了巨大的成功，但他始终觉得自己应该为改变世界做出更多的贡献。

在1970年代末期，鲍勃·金看到了埃塞俄比亚遭受饥荒的惨状。

他深感自己有责任帮助这些贫困的人。

于是，他决定举办一场大型慈善音乐会，名为“飢饿解救”(Live Aid)。

这个音乐会吸引了全世界的关注，募集到了大量的善款，成功地帮助了埃塞俄比亚的饥荒难民。

鲍勃·金的梦想并没有止步于此。

之后，他成立了一个名为“反饥荒”的组织，致力于解决全球范围内的饥饿问题。

他花费了大量的时间和精力，走遍世界各地，呼吁人们一起来解决这个问题。

他相信通过改变人们的意识和行动，可以彻底改变现实，让贫困者实现梦想。

课文最后介绍了鲍勃·金最近的一项慈善事业，他正在致力于推动教育事业的发展。

他认为教育是改变世界的关键，而且每个人都有权利接受良好的教育。

他的梦想是帮助更多的贫困儿童获得教育机会，让他们的梦想不再受到贫困的限制。

课文主题本课文的主题是“梦想与现实”。

通过鲍勃·金的慈善事业，我们可以看到一个普通人如何追求自己的梦想，并通过付出努力和行动来改变现实。

他的梦想不仅局限于自己的成功，而是连带着帮助那些贫穷者实现梦想。

课文向我们展示了一个激励人心的故事，鼓励我们在追求自己的梦想时，也要留意和帮助他人。

第三单元Text AEx.11. Because people in different life stages are confronted with different problems and setbacks and each group of people in a particular time period have their particular worries and pains.2.The norm refers to the general consensus that as soon as students graduated from college, they would enter adulthood and be able to find an ideal job leading to their career.3. They are recognized as a new life stage that comes after high school graduation, continues through college and leads to starting a family and having a career.4. Because nowadays so many young people are following this new lifestyle that it has become a trend. As long as the economic situation continues its long slide, this new stage is unavoidable.5. Unlike their parents, a large number of young people are now delaying marriage, child bearing, and even employment during their odyssey years.6. They often resent the pressure they’re feeling and keep a distance from their parents or even run away from home. Many also resort to computer games, iPods, iPhones, or iPads.7. Their parents feel more anxious and upset seeing their children’s odyssey years continue to stretch without a clear direction.8. The author thinks as people are getting to know the odyssey years better, both parents and their children can tackle this phase better. For parents, they can understand their children more; for children, they can explore and discover themselves with a positive attitude.Ex.31. peculiar2. radical3. phase4. sensible5. predict6. labeled7. resent8. witnessed9. equivalent 10. parallelsEx.4-icChaotic dramatic academy-ionDepression detection erosionClassification confuse cooperate dictate-istRightist journalEx.51. journal2. chaotic3. cooperate4. erosion5. dramatic6. confuse7. academy 8. rightists 9. depression 10. dictate 11. detection 12. classificationEx. 6K E A C L I G N H OEx.71. saddled with2. back off3. gives way to4. resorted to5. make allowances for6. wonder at7. prior to8. based upon/onEx.8The odyssey years are certainly a very complicated phase of life for young people. Not only do these young people need to overcome many difficulties, they also have to face many challenges from their parents. The differences between parents and children can be well observed in their completely different attitudes and views.First, they differ in their attitude toward life. Parents always wonder what has gone wrong with the new generation. They feel that during their time, young boys and girls were better behaved, more obedient and had greater respect for elders. Young people, on the other hand, feel that they are capable enough to learn on their own rather than lean heavily on the older generation for guidance. Young people do not like to be spoon-fed by their parents.The differences also appear in the way the two generations look at things. For example, the parents’ generation never understood Elvis and the Beatles. Because they couldn’t understand what was going on, they were frequently opposed to them and saw rock as “the devil’s music”. Young people, however, are crazy about the modern music and would love to listen to it for a hundred times a day. Wherever they go, they’ll have their iPod with them.In conclusion, it’s very difficult for parents and their youngsters to get along due to their distinctive attitudes and the way they view things. To fill this gap, both parents and their grown children need to be more understanding to each other.Ex.9作为美国文化价值体系的一个重要组成部分，“个人主义”受到大多数美国人的推崇。

Unit3SectionAMarriage Across NationsDetailed study of the T ext1.…we had experienced the usual ups and downs of a couple learning to★ups and downs:a mixture of good experiences and bad experiencesLife is full of ups and downs.人生充满了欢乐与痛苦。

He has seen the ups and downs in the relations between the two countries.他目睹了两国关系的起起落落。

2.But through it all we had honestly confronted the weeknesses and strengths of each other’s★weaknesses and strengths:weak points and strong pointsthe weaknesses and strengths of her theroy她的理论的不足和长处It’s important to know your own weaknesses and strengths.了解自己的缺点和优点很重要。

3.Our racial and cultural differences enhanced our relationship and taught us a great deal about★compromise:n.[C讨论,U妥协]an agreement that is achieved after everyone involved accepts less than what they wanted at firstAfter several hours of discussion ,they managed to reach a compromis e.经过了几个小时的讨论，他们达成了妥协。

Unit 3 Door closer, are you?New words:rival a. 竞争的；对抗的 n. 对手；竞争者secondary a. 次要的；从属的imperial a. 帝国的；皇帝的raid n. 突袭；袭击 vt. (军队）突然袭击territory n. 领土；版图；领地opponent n. （竞争、比赛等的）敌手，对手；反对者motivate vt. 激励；激发...的积极性loyal a. 忠贞的；忠实的；忠诚的vessel n. 船；舰genius n. 天才；天赋；有天才的人；天才人物conviction n. 坚定地信仰（主张）validate vt. 证实；使生效；使合法化exception n. 例外；除外veteran a. 经验丰富的；老练的 n. 老兵；退伍军人conquest n. 击败；征服；攻占；（对艰难、危险事物的）攻克，征服summit n. 某事物的顶峰；某事物的极点；首脑会议；最高级会议；峰会enlighten vt. 启发；指导；教导enlightening a. 具启发性的publication n. 书；杂志；著作；出版物；出版irrational a. 非理性的；不合理的；荒谬的investigate vt. 查明，调查，侦查（犯罪、事故或科学问题的真相）investigation n. （对犯罪、事故或科学问题等进行的正式的）调查，侦查marshal vt. 整理（思路、想法等）behavioral a. 行为的；行为方式的profit v. 使...得到；有利于n. 利润；收益；盈利revolve v. (使）旋转preserve vt. 维护；保护；保存session n.（一批人参加某项活动的）一段时间fluctuate vi. 波动；起伏；涨落modify vt. 改动；修改；更改visual a. 视觉的；视力的protest v. 坚持说；力言；公开反对；抗议cling vi. 坚持，墨守（某事物）；（尤指感觉不安全而）紧紧抓住（抱住）factor n. 因素；要素underneath prep. 在...里面；在...背后；在...下面；在...底下temporary a. 暂时的；临时的restore vt. 恢复implement vt. 实施；执行；贯彻delegate vt. 授权，委托（权限）（给下级）；下放（权力）n. 代表prune vt. （尤指为缩减规模或降低成本）消减，裁减discard vt. 扔掉；弃置outward a. 外表的；表面的prejudice vt. 使有偏见；使有意见；n. 成见；偏见prejudiced a. 有成见的；有偏见的dose n. 一份；一点；（药物的）一剂，一服；一次服用量respective a. 各自的；分别的Phrases and expressions:impose sth. on sb. 将...强加于...be featured in 在...中被专题介绍；被特写profit from 从...中受益revolve around 以...为主题（目的）；围绕... be exhaused from 因...而筋疲力尽；因...而疲惫不堪come in handy 派得上用场be attached to sth. /sb. 喜欢（依恋）某物或某人pay a big price to do sth. 花很大代价做某事be measured in sth. 用某事物来衡量make an effort to do sth. 尽量试着做某事；勉强试着做某事Door closer, are you?1 The next time you're deciding between rival options, one which is primary and the other which is secondary, ask yourself this question: What would Xiang Yu do?2 Xiang Yu was a Chinese imperial general in the third century BC who took his troops across the Zhang River on a raid into enemy territory. To his troops' astonishment, he ordered their cooking pots crushed and their sailing ships burned.3 He explained that he was imposing on them a necessity for attaining victory over their opponents. What he said was surely motivating, but it wasn't really appreciated by many of his loyal soldiers as they watched their vessels go up in flames. But the genius of General Xiang Yu's conviction would be validated both on the battlefield and in modern social science research. General Xiang Yu was a rare exception to the norm, a veteran leader who was highly respected for his many conquests and who achieved the summit of success.4 He is featured in Dan Ariely's enlightening new publication, Predictably Irrational,a fascinating investigation of seemingly irrational human behavior, such as the tendency for keeping multiple options open. Most people can't marshal the will for painful choices, not even students at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), where Dr. Ariely teaches behavioral economics. In an experiment that investigated decision-making, hundreds of students couldn't bear to let their options vanish, even though it was clear they would profit from doing so.5 The experiment revolved around a game that eliminated the excuses we usually have for refusing to let go. In the real world, we can always say, "It's good to preserve our options." Want a good example? A teenager is exhausted from soccer, ballet, piano, and Chinese lessons, but her parents won't stop any one of them because they might come in handy some day!6 In the experiment sessions, students played a computer game that provided cash behind three doors appearing on the screen. The rule was the more money you earned, the better player you were, given a total of 100 clicks. Every time the students opened a door by clicking on it, they would use up one click but wouldn't get any money. However, each subsequent click on that door would earn a fluctuating sum of money, with one door always revealing more money than the others. The important part of the rule was each door switch, though having no cash value, would also use up one of the 100 clicks. Therefore, the winning strategy was to quickly check all the doors and keep clicking on the one with the seemingly highest rewards.7 While playing the game, students noticed a modified visual element: Any door left unclicked for a short while would shrink in size and vanish. Since they already understood the game, they should have ignored the vanishing doors. Nevertheless, they hurried to click on the lesser doors before they vanished, trying to keep them open. As a result, they wasted so many clicks rushing back to the vanishing doors that they lost money in the end. Why were the students so attached to the lesser doors? They would probably protest that they were clinging to the doors to keep future options open, but, according to Dr. Ariely, that isn't the true factor.8 Instead of the excuse to maintain future options open, underneath it all the students' desire was to avoid the immediate, though temporary, pain of watching options close."Closing a door on an option is experienced as a loss, and people are willing to pay a big price to avoid the emotion of loss," Dr. Ariely says. In the experiment, the price was easily measured in lost cash. In life, the corresponding costs are often less obvious such as wasted time or missed opportunities.9 "Sometimes these doors are closing too slowly for us to see them vanishing," Dr. Ariely writes. "We may work more hours at our jobs without realizing that the childhood of our sons and daughters is slipping away."10 So, what can be done to restore balance in our lives? One answer, Dr. Ariely says, is to implement more prohibitions on overbooking. We can work to reduce options on our own, delegating tasks to others and even giving away ideas for others to pursue. He points to marriage as an example, "In marriage, we create a situation where we promise ourselves not to keep options open. We close doors and announce to others we've closed doors."11 Since conducting the door experiment, Dr. Ariely says he has made a conscious effort to lessen his load. He urges the rest of us to resign from committees, prune holiday card lists, rethink hobbies and remember the lessons of door closers like Xiang Yu.12 In other words, Dr. Ariely is encouraging us to discard those things that seem to have outward merit in favor of those things that actually enrich our lives. We are naturally prejudiced to believe that more is better, but Dr. Ariely's research provides a dose of reality that strongly suggests otherwise.13 What price do we pay for trying to have more and more in life? What pleasure and satisfaction can be derived from focusing our energy and attention in a more concentrated fashion? Surely, we will have our respective answers.14 Consider these important questions: Will we have more by always increasing options or will we have more with fewer, carefully chosen options? What doors should we close in order to allow the right windows of opportunity and happiness to open?。

新视野三版读写B2 U3 Text AJourney through the odyssey years1 Most of us know about the phases of life which we label to parallel different age groups and life stages: childhood, adolescence, adulthood, and old age. We think of infancy before childhood and middle age before old age, with each unique phase bringing its own peculiar set of challenges. These challenges can be overcome by acquainting ourselves with them, such as the child's need to learn, the adult's need to find the right career and build a family, and the senior's need for support and good health care.2 Interestingly, ideas about the stages of life are changing.3 In previous times, people didn't have a solid idea of childhood as being separate from adulthood. A hundred years ago, no one thought of adolescence. Until recently it was understood as a norm that their induction to adulthood was completed as soon as they graduated from college. They would now find a sensible job which would lead toa career. Then during this career they would start a family, ideally before they turned30.4 Today we have an equivalent need to recognize a new phase of life that comes after high school graduation, continues through college, and then leads to starting a family and having a career, the so-called odyssey years. Recent trends show radical changes as young people are following a different agenda. They take breaks from school, live with friends and often return to living with their parents. Similarly, they fall in and out of love, quit one job and try another or even shift to a new career. So, we need to recognize this new stage, the odyssey years, which many now consider to be an unavoidable stage in reaching adulthood.5 People who were born prior to the 60s or 70s in the last century tended to frame their concept of adulthood based upon achieving certain accomplishments: moving away from home, becoming financially independent, finding the right spouse and starting a family. But that emphasis on stability did not remain static. Today, young people are unlikely to do the same. During the odyssey years, a high proportion of young people are delaying marriage, child bearing, and even employment.6 The odyssey years can saddle young people with enormous pressure to move forward quickly. As the sole heir and focus of their parents' expectations, hopes and dreams, some react with rebellious and prideful attitudes andbehavior toward their parents. They often resent the pressure they're feeling and keep a distance from their parents or even run away from home. Their confusion comes from the difficulties to make parents understand them and the fluid journey of discovery they need in this phase of their lives. To get away from this confusion and upset, many young people resort to computer games, iPods, iPhones, or iPads, to help distract them from their pain and stress.7 Likewise, their parents are feeling more anxious. They may make allowances for a transition phase from student life to adult life, but they get upset when they see the transition of their grown children's lives moving away from their expectations and stretching five years to seven years, and beyond. The parents don't even detect a clear sense of direction in their children's lives. They look at them and see the things that are being delayed.8 It's hard to predict what's next. New guidelines haven't been established yet, and everything seems to give way to a less permanent version of itself. There's been a shift in the status and balance of power between the genders, too. More women are getting degrees than men. Male wages have remained stable over the past decades, while female wages have boomed.9 Apart from anything else, this has had an implicit effect on courtship. Educated women can get many of the things they want, such as security, accomplishment, and identity without marriage. However, both genders are having a harder time finding suitable mates to build their lives with. Considering all of this, it's beneficial to know that even though graduates are delaying many things after college, surveys show they still hold highly traditional aspirations. For example, this contemporary generation rates parenthood even more highly than previous generations did!10 This new phase will likely grow more pronounced in the coming years. Nations around the world have witnessed similar trends toward delaying marriage and spending more years than ever shifting between higher education and settling down with a career and family.11 Nevertheless, graduates shouldn't be deceived into thinking they can back off simply because things have become more difficult. A large number of people chasing relatively fewer opportunities can create strong competitive pressure. So, from the outset, keep your résumé professional and up-to-date. 12 To reinforce this essential message, success moving through the odyssey years will come to those who don't expect to achieve their goals right away but know that they must have the strength, capacity and confidence to endure over the long term. If you're a little late with your goals, don't feel like a failure! Staystrong, be positive, and keep focused! Someday you will look back and wonder at the vast changes as you passed through the odyssey years.Language Points:1 Most of us know about the phases of life which we label to parallel different age groups and life stages: childhood, adolescence, adulthood, and old age. (Para. 1) Meaning: Most of us know about the different life stages that we describe according to different age groups: childhood, adolescence, adulthood, and old age.2 We think of infancy before childhood and middle age before old age, with each unique phase bringing its own peculiar set of challenges. (Para. 1)Meaning: We sequence the life stages of infancy, childhood, middle age and old age according to their natural order, with each particular life stage facing its own featured challenges.Sentence structure note:“with＋名词/代词＋现在分词”作独立主格结构“with＋名词/代词＋现在分词”构成独立主格结构，主要用作状语，可以表示伴随、方式、原因、时间等。

新视野大学英语2读写教程（第三版）Unit3课文文本及翻译Section A Text AJourney through the odyssey years奥德赛岁月之旅1Most of us know about the phases of life which we label to paralle l different age groups and life stages:Childhood,adolescence,adulthood,and old age.We think of infancy before childhood and middle age before old age,with each unique phase bringing its own peculiar set of challenges.These challenges can be overcome by acquainting ourselves with them,such as the child’s need to learn,the adult’s need to find the right career and build a family,and the senior’s need for support and good health care.2Interestingly,ideas about the stages of life are changing.3In previous times,people didn’t have a solid idea of childhood as being separate from adulthood.A hundred years ago,no one thought of adolescence.Until recently it was understood as a norm that their induction to adulthood was completed as soon as they graduated form college.They would now find a sensible job which would lead to a career.Then during this career they would start a family,ideally before they turned30.4Today we have an equivalent need to recognize a new phase of life that comes after high school graduation,continues through college,and then leads to starting a family and having a career,the so-called odyssey years.Recent trends show radical changes as young people are following a different agenda.They take breaks from school,live with friends and often return to living their parents.Similarly,they fall in and out of love,quit one job and try another or oven shift to a new career.So,we need to recognize this new stage,the odyssey years,which many now consider to be an unavoidable stage in reaching adulthood.5People who were born prior to the60s or70s in the last century tended to frame their concept of adulthood based upon achieving certain accomplishments:moving away from home,becoming financially independent,finding the right spouse and starting a family.But that emphasis on stability did not remain static.Today,young people are unlikely to do the same.During the odyssey years,a high proportion of young people are delaying marriage,child bearing,and even employment.6The odyssey years can saddle young people with enormous pressure to move forward quickly.As the sole heir and focus of their parents’expectations,hopes and dreams,some react with rebellious and prideful attitudes and behavior toward their parents.They often resent the pressure they’re feeling and keep distance from theirparents or even run away from home.Their confusion comes from the difficulties to make parents understand them and fluid journey of discovery they need in this phase of their lives.To get away from this confusion and upset,many young people resort to computer games,iPods,iPhones,or iPads to help distract them from their pain and stress.7Likewise,their parents are feeling more anxious.They may make allowances for a transition phase from student life to adult life,but they get upset when they see the transition of their grown children’s lives moving away from their expectations and stretching give years to seven years,and beyond.The parents don’t even detect a clear sense of direction in their children’s lives.They look at them and see the things that are being delayed.8It’s hard to predict what’s next.New guidelines haven’t been established yet,and everything seems to give way to a less permanent version of itself.There’s been a shift in the status and balance of power between the genders,too.More women are getting degrees than men.Male wages have remain stable over the past decades, while female wages have boomed.9Apart from anything else,this has had an implici t effect on cated women can get many of the things they want,such as security,accomplishment,and identity without marriage.However,both genders are having a harder time finding suitable mates to build their lives with.Considering all of this,it’s beneficial to know that even though graduates are delaying many things after college,surveys show they still hold highly traditional aspirations.For example,this contemporary generation rates parenthood even more likely than previous generations did!10This new phase will likely grow more pronounced in the coming years.Nations around the world have witnessed similar trends toward delaying marriage and spending more years than even shifting between higher education and settling down with a career and family.11Nevertheless,graduates shouldn’t be deceived into thinking they can back off simply because things have become more difficult.A large number of people chasing relatively fewer opportunities can create strong competitive pressure.So, from the outse t,keep your resume professional and up-to-date.12To reinforce this essential message,success moving through the odyssey years will come to those who don’t expect to achieve their goals right away but know that they must have the strength,capacity and confidence to endure over the long term.If you’re a little late with your goals,don’t feel like a failure!Stay strong,be positive, and keep focused!Someday you will look back and wonder at the vast changes as you passed through the odyssey years.1.我们大多数人都知道，根据不同的年龄和生活阶段。

新视野大学英语读写教程（第三版）Book2 Unit 3课文讲解Section AJourney through the odyssey years Background information 1.generation groups in the westGeneration gaps，referring to difference between young people and theirelders，especially between children and their parents，have often been attributed to rapid cultural change，particularly musical tastes，fashion，culture and politics. Some special terms for different generations have thus been coined in English-speaking countries：Generation Jones：A term used to describe the generation born right after World War ｜｜in 1945 through 1965.It's usually identified with “baby boomers”.Key characteristics assigned to these members are less optimism，distrust ofgovernment，and generally used to refer to people born in the 1960s.This generation marks the period of birth decline after the baby boom. The generation was pushed toward adulthood at an age earlier than any other recent generations. They are more ethnically diverse and better educated than the baby boomers.Generation Y：Also known as the Millennial Generation and many of them are children of baby boomers .Their birth years range from the early 1980s to the early 2000s.It's generally marked by an increase use and familiarity with communications，media，and digital technologies.Generation Z：Also known as the net or the internet Generation. In the US and other Western nations，it is a common name for the people born from the mid.1990s or early 2000s through to the present. This generation has spend their entire life with the World Wide Web and high tech gadgets.2.the odyssey yearsThe term odyssey years originated from The odyssey，a long poem by the Greek author Homer，which is a sequel of the Greek hero，Odysseus. It describesOdysseus's long journey，trying to return home from adventures and war.For English speakers，as many as for many cultures，the very name of poem，The Odyssey，has become a special term for an epic journey，or great struggle. The man character in the epic poem（史诗），Odysseus，was wandering away from home and loved ones. During his journey of 10 years，he encountered repeatedtroubles and challenges. The key insight in Odyssey is that the essentials of the journey are not only outward struggle against tremendous difficulties，but，more importantly，inward struggles leading to personal growth. His journey is the one of self-discovery and of combating his ownarrogance and pride from his young rebel heart. Therefore, it makes senseto borrow The Odyssey from Greek mythology to describe the rebellious years young people usually go through. The term odyssey year is a metaphor of this special stage for young people.Detailed study of the text1Most of us know about the phases of life which we label to parallel different agegroups and life stages childhood, adolescence, adulthood, and oldage.(Para.1)Meaning: Most of us know about he different life stages that we describe according to different age groups: childhood, adolescence, adulthood, and old age.phase:n.[C] one of the sages of a process of development or change 阶段；时期 As time are changing, we?re entering a new phase in internationalrelation.随着时代的变化，我们正进入国际关系的新阶段。