江苏省新海高级中学2020-2021学年度第一学期期末模拟考试

江苏省连云港市新海中学东方分校2020-2021学年高一物理模拟试卷含解析一、选择题：本题共5小题，每小题3分，共计15分．每小题只有一个选项符合题意1. 下列哪个是地球的第一宇宙速度A、 B、7.9km/s C、11.2km/s D、1.67km/s参考答案：B2. 如图所示，一根轻弹簧下端固定，竖立在水平面上.其正上方A位置有一只小球。

小球从静止开始下落，在B位置接触弹簧的上端，在C位置小球所受弹力大小等于重力，在D位置小球速度减小到零，在小球下降阶段中，下列说法正确的是（）A．从A→D位置小球先做匀加速运动后做匀减速运动B．从A→D位置小球重力势能和弹簧弹性势能的和先减小后增加C．在B位置小球动能最大D．在碰到弹簧后的下落过程中，重力势能和动能之和一直减小参考答案：BD3. 如图所示皮带转动轮，大轮直径是小轮直径的2倍，A是大轮边缘上一点，B是小轮边缘上一点，C是大轮上一点，C到圆心O1的距离等于小轮半径。

转动时皮带不打滑，则（）A. A点与C点的线速度大小相等B. A点与B点的角速度大小相等C. B点线速度是C点线速度的2倍D. C点角速度是B点角速度的2倍参考答案：C4. 近几年，国内房价飙升，在国家宏观政策调控下，房价上涨出现减缓趋势．王强同学将房价的“上涨”类比成运动学中的“加速”，将房价的“下跌”类比成运动学中的“减速”，据此，你认为“房价上涨出现减缓趋势”可以类比成运动学中的 ()A．速度增加，加速度增大 B．速度增加，加速度减小C．速度减小，加速度增大 D．速度减小，加速度减小参考答案：5. 随着人们生活水平的提高，高尔夫球将逐渐成为普通人的休闲娱乐．如图所示，某人从高出水平地面h的坡上水平击出一个质量为m的高尔夫球．由于恒定的水平风力的作用，高尔夫球竖直地落入距击球点水平距离为L的A穴．则( )A．球被击出后做平抛运动B．该球从被击出到落入A穴所用的时间为C．球被击出时的初速度大小为D．球被击出后受到的水平风力的大小为mgh/L参考答案：BC二、填空题：本题共8小题，每小题2分，共计16分6. 如图6是小球在某一星球上做平抛运动的闪光照片，图中每个小方格的边长都是0.5cm。

2020-2021学年连云港市海州区新海实验中学九年级上学期期末数学试卷一、选择题（本大题共8小题，共24.0分）1. 如图，点C 为△ABD 外接圆上的一点(点C 不在BAD⏜上，且不与点B ，D 重合)，且∠ACB =∠ABD =45°，若BC =8，CD =4，则AC 的长为( )A. 8.5B. 5√3C. 4√5D. 6√22. 已知，如图，直线l 1//l 2//l 3，AB =3cm ，BC =5cm ，DE =2.4cm ，则DF 的长( )A. 3cmB. 8cmC. 6cmD. 6.4cm3. 如图，在平面直角坐标系中，正方形ABCO 的边长为3，点O 为坐标原点，点A ，C 分别在x 轴、y 轴上，点B 在第一象限内，直线y =kx +1分别与x 轴、y 轴、线段BC 交于点F 、D 、G ，AE ⊥FG ，下列结论：①△GCD 和△FOD 的面积比为3：1；②AE 的最大长度为√10；③tan∠FEO =13；④当DA 平分∠EAO 时，CG =32，其中正确的结论有( ) A. ①②③B. ②③C. ②③④D. ③④ 4. 下列函数的图象经过原点的是( )A. y =−3x +7B. y =x 2−1C. y =2xD. y =5x 2−3x5.在一个不透明的口袋里有红、黄、蓝三种颜色的小球，这些球除颜色外全部相同，其中有4个黄球，6个蓝球．若随机摸出一个球是蓝球的概率是摸出其他颜色球概率的一半，则随机摸出一个球是红球的概率为()A. 25B. 13C. 512D. 496.九年级(1)、(2)两班人数相同，在一次数学考试中，平均分相同，但(1)班的成绩比(2)班整齐，若(1)，(2)班的方差分别为S12，S22，则()A. S12>S22B. S12<S22C. S12=S22D. S1>S27.若x，y满足等式x2−2x=2y−y2，且xy=12，则式子x2+2xy+y2−2(x+y)+2019的值为()A. 2018B. 2019C. 2020D. 20218.如图，⊙O上有一个动点A和一个定点B，令线段AB的中点是点P，过点B作⊙O的切线BQ，且BQ=3，现测得AB⏜的长度是4π3，AB⏜的度数是120°，若线段PQ的最大值是m，最小值是n，则mn的值是()A. 3√10B. 2√13C. 9D. 10二、填空题（本大题共8小题，共24.0分）9.√8−(3.14−π) 0+2cos45°=______．10.关于x的一元二次方程x2−2x−m=0有两个不相等的实数根，则m的最小整数值是______．11.如图，坐标平面内，矩形AOCD的顶点A(0,2)、C(4,0)、D(4,2)，抛物线y=x2−1经过点Q(a,4)，P(b,4)，⊙P的半径为1，当圆心P在抛物线上从点P运动到点Q，则在整个运动过程中，⊙P与矩形AOCD只有一个公共点的情况共出现______次．12.甲、乙两人进行射击比赛，两人10次射击成绩的平均数都是8.8环，方差分别为s甲2=0.63，s乙2=0.51，则甲、乙两人成绩较稳定的是______．13.有一个正十二面体，12个面上分别写有1～12这12个整数，投掷这个正十二面体一次，向上一面的数字是3的倍数或4的倍数的概率是______．14.如图，已知抛物线y=x2+bx+c经过A(1,0)，B(0,2)两点，顶点为D.将△OAB绕点A顺时针旋转90°后，点B落到点C的位置，将抛物线沿y轴平移后经过点C，所得抛物线与y轴的交点为B1，顶点为D1.若点N在平移后的抛物线上，且满足△NBB1的面积是△NDD1面积的2倍，则点N的坐标为______ ．15.两个相似三角形的面积之比为1：4，周长之差为6，则两个三角形的周长分别为．16.抛物线y=ax2+bx+c的对称轴是直线x=−1，且过点(1,0).顶点位于第二象限，其部分图象如图所示，给出以下判断：①ab>0且c<0；②4a−2b+c>0；③8a+c>0；④c=3a−3b；⑤直线y=2x+2与抛物线y=ax2+bx+c两个交点的横坐标分别为x1，x2，则x1+x2+x1x2=−5.其中结论正确是______．三、计算题（本大题共1小题，共6.0分）17.已知，Rt△ABC，∠ACB=90°，点D为AB边上一点，以AD长为半径作⊙A，连接DC．(1)如图1，若∠A=∠BCD，求证：CD与⊙A相切；(2)如图2，过点D作AC的平行线交⊙A于另一点E，交BC于点F，连接BE、AE，若∠AEB=90°，ED=DF，求tan∠AED的值．四、解答题（本大题共9小题，共74.0分）18.请阅读以下材料，并解决问题：配方法是数学中重要的一种思想方法．它是指将一个式子或一个式子的某一部分通过恒等变形化为完全平方式或几个完全平方式的和的方法．这种方法常被用到代数恒等变形中，并结合非负数的意义来解决一些问题．【例1】把二次三项式x2−2x−3进行配方．解：x2−2x−3=(x2−2x+1)−4=(x−1)2．【例2】已知4x2+4x+y2−6y+10=0，求x和y的值．解：由已知得：(4x2+4x+1)+(y2−6y+9)=0，即(2x+1)2+(y−3)2=0，所以2x+1=0，y−3=0，所以x=−1，y=3．2(1)若x2−4x+5可配方成(x−m)2+n(m,n为常数)，求m和n的值；(2)已知实数x，y满足x2+3x+y−5=0，求x+y的最大值；(3)已知a，b，c为正实数，且满足a2+ac+ab−b2=0和b2+ba−ca−c2=0，试判断以b，c，a+b为三边的长的三角形的形状，并说明理由．19.在一个不透明的袋中有6个除颜色外其它都相同的小球，其中3个红球，2个黄球，1个白球．①小明从中任意摸出一个小球，摸到的白球机会是______ ；②小明和小亮商定一个游戏，规则如下：小明从中任意摸出一个小球，摸到红球则小明胜，否则小亮胜，问该游戏对双方是否公平，为什么？20.体育中考临近时，某校体育老师随机抽取了九年级的部分学生进行体育中考的模拟测试，并对成绩进行统计分析，绘制了频数分布表和统计图，按得分划分成A、B、C、D、E、F六个等级，并绘制成如下两幅不完整的统计图表．等级得分x(分)频数(人)A95<x≤1004B90<x≤95mC85<x≤90nD80<x≤8524E75<x≤808F70<x≤754请你根据图表中的信息完成下列问题：(1)本次抽样调查中m=______，n=______；(2)扇形统计图中，E等级对应扇形的圆心角α的度数为______；(3)该校决定从本次抽取的A等级学生(记为甲、乙、丙、丁)中，随机选择2名成为学校代表参加全市体能竞赛，请你用列表法或画树状图的方法，求恰好抽到甲和乙的概率．21. 已知二次函数y=−x2+3x+4的图象如图：(直接写答案)(1)方程−x2+3x+4=0的解是______ ；(2)不等式−x2+3x+4>0的解集是______ ；(3)不等式−x2+3x+4<0的解集是______ ．22. 在网格上，平移△ABC，并将△ABC的一个顶点A平移到点D处，(1)请你作出平移后的图形△DEF；(2)请求出△DEF的面积．23. 如图所示，在锐角△ABC中，AD，BE分别是边BC，AC上的高，求证：ADBE =ACBC．24. 春回大地万物复苏，江城重启美景纷至，武汉这座英雄城市重新焕发勃勃生机，两江游轮正式复航，武汉夜游回来了，现经市场调查，当票价为50元时，每晚将售出船票500张，而票价每涨2元，就会少售出10张船票．每位游客的接待成本为40元，设每张船票的售价x元，每晚售出船票为y张．(1)直接写出y与x之间的函数关系式；(2)若该游轮每晚获得15000元的利润，同时考虑尽可能减少聚集，则票价应定为多少元？(3)为助力武汉重启，政策扶持之下每位游客的接待成本降低了m元，同时为了减少聚集，每晚售出的船票数量不得超过250张，此时游轮每晚获得最大利润为14000元，求m的值．25. 如图，点A、B、C、D是⊙O上的四个点，AD是⊙O的直径，过点C的切线与AB的延长线垂直于点E，连接AC、BD相交于点F．(1)求证：AC平分∠BAD；(2)若⊙O的半径为7，AC=6，求DF的长．226. 如图1，已知二次函数y=ax2+bx+c(a≠0)图象的对称轴为直线x=1，且经过点A(0,3)，与(O是坐标原点)．x轴的交点为B、C，满足tan∠CAO=13(1)求该二次函数的解析式；(2)点D是点A关于对称轴的对称点，动点P在直线AB上方的抛物线上移动．①如图1，若满足∠DAP=∠CAO，求点P的坐标；,0)，求②如图2，现将△ADP绕点A顺时针旋转45°得到△AD′P′，若直线AP′的延长线交x轴于点E(32此时点P的坐标．参考答案及解析1.答案：D解析：解：延长CD到E，使得DE=BC，连接AE，如右图所示，∵∠ACB=∠ABD=45°，∠ACB=∠ADB，∴∠ADB=45°，∴∠BAD=90°，AB=AD，∵四边形ABCD是圆内接四边形，∠ADE+∠ADC=180°，∴∠ADC+∠ABC=180°，∴∠ABC=∠ADE，在△ABC和△ADE中，{AB=AD∠ABC=∠ADE BC=DE，∴△ABC≌△ADE(SAS)，∴∠BAC=∠DAE，∵∠BAC+∠CAD=∠BAD=90°，∴∠DAE+∠CAD=90°，∴∠CAE=90°，∵ACD=45°，BC=DE=8，CD=4，∴∠ACE=45°，CE=12，∴AC=AE=6√2，故选：D．根据题意作出合适的辅助线DE，使得DE=BC，然后根据三角形全等和解直角三角形的知识可以求得AC的长．本题考查圆内接四边形、圆周角定理、三角形全等、解直角三角形，解答本题的关键是明确题意，找出所求问题需要的条件，利用数形结合的思想解答．2.答案：D解析：解：∵直线l1//l2//l3，∴ABBC =DEEF，∵AB=3cm，BC=5cm，DE=2.4cm，∴EF=4(cm)，∴DF=DE+EF=2.4+4=6.4(cm)，故选：D．根据平行线分线段成比例定理得出比例式，代入求出EF，再求出DF即可．本题考查了平行线分线段成比例定理，能根据定理得出正确的比例式是解此题的关键．3.答案：C解析：解∵ABCD是正方形∴AO=AB=BC=CO=3，BC//AO，且DO=1∴CD=2，AD=√3∵BC//AO∴CGFO =CDDO=2，S △CDGS △DOF=(CDDO)2=41故①错误∵∠AOD=90°，∠AED=90°∴A，E，D，O四点共圆，∴AE的最大值是直径AD=√10，∠FEO=∠DAO∴tan∠FEO=tan∠DAO=DOAO =13故②③正确∵DA平分∠EAO，DE⊥AE，DO⊥AO∴DE=DO=1，且AD=AD∴Rt△ADE≌Rt△DOA∴AO=AE=3设OF=a，则CG=2a，AF=3+a∴DF=√a2+1∵∠DFO=∠DFO，∠DOF=∠AEF=90°∴△DFO∽△AEF∴DOAE=DFAF∴13=√a2+13+a∴a=34∴CG=2a=32故⑤正确故选：C．根据面积比等于相似比的平方，可判断①，由∠AOD=90°，∠AED=90°可得A，E，D，O四点共圆，所以AE最大值就是AD，tan∠FEO=tan∠DAO，可判断②③当DA平分∠EAO，根据△ADE≌△ADO可得AE=3，DE=1，由△AEF∽△DFO可求OF的长，即求出CG的长．本题考查了一次函数图象上点的坐标特征，正方形的性质，圆的性质，平行线分线段成比例，关键是灵活运用这些性质解决问题．4.答案：D解析：解：∵函数的图象经过原点，∴点(0,0)满足函数的关系式；A、当x=0时，y=0+7=7，即y=7，∴点(0,0)不满足函数的关系式y=x2−1；故本选项错误；B、当x=0时，y=0−1=−1，即y=−1，∴点(0,0)不满足函数的关系式y=x2−1；故本选项错误；C、y=2x的图象是双曲线，不经过原点；故本选项错误；D、当x=0时，y=0+0=0，即y=0，∴满足函数的关系式y=5x2−3x；故本选项正确；故选：D．将点(0,0)依次代入下列选项的函数解析式进行一一验证即可．本题综合考查了二次函数、一次函数、反比例图象上的点的坐标特征．经过函数图象上的某点，该点一定满足该函数的解析式．5.答案：D解析：解：∵随机摸出一个球是蓝球的概率是摸出其他颜色球概率的一半，∴红球和篮球的总和是篮球的2倍．∴袋中红球有8个，所以随机摸出一个红球的概率为84+6+8=49，故选：D．根据随机摸出一个球是蓝球的概率是摸出其他颜色球概率的一半，求出红球个数，再根据概率公式即可得出随机摸出一个红球的概率．此题主要考查了概率公式的应用，用到的知识点为：概率=所求情况数与总情况数之比．得到所求的情况数是解决本题的关键．6.答案：B解析：解：∵(1)班的成绩比(2)班整齐，∴S12<S22，故选：B．根据方差越大，则平均值的离散程度越大，稳定性也越小；反之，则它与其平均值的离散程度越小，稳定性越好求解可得．本题主要考查方差，解题的关键是掌握方差越大，则平均值的离散程度越大，稳定性也越小；反之，则它与其平均值的离散程度越小，稳定性越好．7.答案：C解析：解：∵x2−2x=2y−y2，xy=12，∴x2−2x+y2−2y=0，2xy=1，∴x2+2xy+y2−2(x+y)+2019=x2−2x+y2−2y+1+2019=2020，故选：C．由已知条件得到x2−2x+y2−2y=0，2xy=1，化简x2+2xy+y2−2(x+y)+2019为x2−2x+ y2−2y+1+2019，然后整体代入即可得到结论．本题考查了配方法的应用，代数式的求值，整体代入是解题的关键．8.答案：C解析：解：连接OP，OB，O′点为OB的中点，如图，设⊙O的半径为r，根据题意得120⋅π⋅r180=43π，解得r=2，∵P点为AB的中点，∴OP⊥AB，∴∠OPB=90°，∴点P在以OB为直径的圆上，直线QO′交⊙O′于E、F，如图，∴BQ为切线，∴OB⊥PQ，在Rt△O′BQ中，O′Q=√12+32=√10，∴QE=√10+1，QF=√10−1，即m=√10+1，n=√10−1，∴mn=(√10+1)(√10−1)=10−1=9．故选：C．连接OP，OB，O′点为OB的中点，如图，先利用弧长公式计算出⊙O的半径为2，再利用垂径定理得到OP⊥AB，则∠OPB=90°，于是利用圆周角定理得到点P在以OB为直径的圆上，直线QO′交⊙O′于E、F，如图，根据切线的性质得到OB⊥PQ，则利用勾股定理可计算出O′Q=√10，利用点与圆的位置关系得到m=√10+1，n=√10−1，然后计算mn即可．本题考查了切线的性质：圆的切线垂直于经过切点的半径．若出现圆的切线，必连过切点的半径，构造定理图，得出垂直关系．也考查了垂径定理和圆周角定理．9.答案：3√2−1解析：解：原式=2√2−1+2×√22=2√2−1+√2=3√2−1．故答案为：3√2−1．直接利用零指数幂的性质以及二次根式的性质和特殊角的三角函数值分别化简得出答案．此题主要考查了实数运算，正确化简各数是解题关键．10.答案：0解析：本题考查一元二次方程的根的存在性；熟练掌握利用判别式△确定一元二次方程的根的存在性是解题的关键．根据一元二次方程根的存在性，利用判别式△>0求解即可；解：一元二次方程x2−2x−m=0有两个不相等的实数根，∴△=4+4m>0，∴m>−1；故答案为0；11.答案：3解析：解：由题意抛物线y=x2−1与x轴的交点为(−1,0)，(1,0)，与y轴的交点为(0,−1)．观察图形可知当⊙P在AD上方与AD相切时，⊙P与矩形AOCD只有一个公共点，当点P运动到(0,−1)时，⊙P与矩形AOCD只有一个公共点，当点P运动到(−1,0)时，⊙P与矩形AOCD只有一个公共点，∵OA=2，∴⊙P在AD与OC中间时，不存在满足条件的⊙P，综上所述，⊙P与矩形AOCD只有一个公共点的情况有3种情形，故答案为3．求出抛物线与坐标轴的交点，用分类讨论的思想解决问题即可．本题考查直线与圆的位置关系，二次函数的性质，矩形的性质等知识，解题的关键是熟练掌握基本知识，属于中考常考题型．12.答案：乙解析：解：∵s甲2=0.63，s乙2=0.51，0.51<0.63，∴射击成绩比较稳定的是乙，故答案为：乙．根据方差的定义判断，方差越小数据越稳定．本题考查方差的意义．方差是用来衡量一组数据波动大小的量，方差越大，表明这组数据偏离平均数越大，即波动越大，数据越不稳定；反之，方差越小，表明这组数据分布比较集中，各数据偏离平均数越小，即波动越小，数据越稳定．13.答案：12解析：此题考查概率的求法：如果一个事件有n种可能，而且这些事件的可能性相同，其中事件A出现m种结果，那么事件A的概率P(A)=mn．解：这个正十二面体，12个面上分别写有1～12这12个整数，其中是3的倍数或4的倍数的3，6，9，12，4，8，共6种情况，故向上一面的数字是3的倍数或4的倍数的概率是P(3的倍数或4的倍数)=612=12．故答案为12．14.答案：(1,−1)或(3,1)解析：本题主要考查待定系数法求二次函数的解析式和二次函数的图象的变换的知识点，熟练掌握图象变换等知识是解答本题的关键，此题很容易结合一次函数出现在综合题中，需要同学们注意．利用待定系数法，将点A ，B 的坐标代入解析式即可求得原抛物线解析式；根据旋转的知识可得：A(1,0)，B(0,2)，由OA =1，OB =2，可得旋转后C 点的坐标为(3,1)，当x =3时，由y =x 2−3x +2得y =2，可知抛物线y =x 2−3x +2过点(3,2)，故可知将原抛物线沿y 轴向下平移1个单位后过点C.于是得到平移后的抛物线解析式．根据三角形面积求法和二次函数图象上点的坐标特征来求点N 的坐标． 解：由抛物线y =x 2+bx +c 经过A(1,0)，B(0,2)两点得，∴{0=1+b +c 2=0+0+c， 解得{b =−3c =2， 所以原抛物线为：y =x 2−3x +2=(x −32)2−14，则D(32,−14).∵A(1,0)，B(0,2)，∴OA =1，OB =2，可得旋转后C 点的坐标为(3,1)，当x =3时，由y =x 2−3x +2得y =2，可知抛物线y =x 2−3x +2过点(3,2)，∴将原抛物线沿y 轴向下平移1个单位后过点C ．∴平移后的抛物线解析式为：y =x 2−3x +1，D 1(12,−34).又点N 在平移后的抛物线上，且△NBB 1的面积是△NDD 1面积的2倍，∴点N 到y 轴的距离是到直线DD1距离的2倍，易求得N(1,−1)，或(3,1)．故答案为(1,−1)或(3,1)． 15.答案：6，12解析：试题分析：由两个相似三角形的面积之比为1：4，即可求得其周长比，又由周长之差为6，即可求得答案．∵两个相似三角形的面积之比为1：4，∴它们的相似比为1：2，∴它们的周长之比1：2，∵周长之差为6，∴两个三角形的周长分别为6，12．故答案为：6，12．16.答案：②④⑤解析：解：∵抛物线对称轴x =−1，经过(1,0)，∴−b 2a =−1，a +b +c =0，∴b =2a ，c =−3a ，∵a <0，∴b <0，c >0，∴ab >0且c >0，故①错误，∵抛物线对称轴x =−1，经过(1,0)，∴(−2,0)和(0,0)关于对称轴对称，∴x =−2时，y >0，∴4a −2b +c >0，故②正确，∵抛物线与x 轴交于(−3,0)，∴x =−4时，y <0，∴16a −4b +c <0，∵b =2a ，∴16a −8a +c <0，即8a +c <0，故③错误，∵c =−3a =3a −6a ，b =2a ，∴c =3a −3b ，故④正确，∵直线y =2x +2与抛物线y =ax 2+bx +c 两个交点的横坐标分别为x 1，x 2，∴方程ax 2+(b −2)x +c −2=0的两个根分别为x 1，x 2，∴x 1+x 2=−b−2a ，x 1⋅x 2=c−2a ， ∴x 1+x 2+x 1x 2=−b−2a +c−2a =−2a−2a +−3a−2a =−5，故⑤正确，故答案为②④⑤． 根据二次函数的性质一一判断即可．本题考查二次函数与系数的关系，二次函数图象上的点的特征，解题的关键是灵活运用所学知识解决问题，属于中考常考题型．17.答案：证明：(1)∵∠ACB =90°，∴∠ACD +∠BCD =90°，∵∠A =∠BCD ，∴∠A +∠ACD =90°，∴∠ADC=90°，即AD⊥DC，∴CD与⊙A相切；(2)解：∵∠ACB=90°，∴∠ABC+∠BAC=90°，∵EF//AC，∴∠BAC=∠EDA，∵AE=AD，∴∠EDA=∠AED，∴∠BAC=∠AED，∵∠AED+∠BEF=90°，∴∠ABC=∠BEF，∵∠DFB=∠EFB，∴△EFB∽△BFD∴EFBF =BFDF，∵ED=DF，∴EF=2DF，∴BF=√2DF，∴tan∠AED=tan∠ADE=tan∠BDF=√2．解析：(1)由∠ACD+∠BCD=90°，可得∠A+∠ACD=90°，则∠ADC=90°，结论得证；(2)证明△EFB∽△BFD，可得EFBF =BFDF，得出BF=√2DF，则tan∠AED=tan∠ADE=tan∠BDF=√2．本题考查了切线的判定、等腰三角形的性质、平行线的判定与性质、相似三角形的判定与性质、解直角三角形；熟练掌握切线的判定方法，并能进行推理计算是解决问题的关键．18.答案：解：(1)因为x2−4x+5=(x2−4x+4)+1=(x−2)2+1．所以m=2，n=1．(2)解法一：由x2+3x+y−5=0可得：y=−x2−3x+5.x+y=x+(−x2−3x+5)=−x2−2x+5=−(x2+2x+1)+6=−(x+1)2+6．因为−(x+1)2≤0，所以−(x+1)2+6≤6，即当x=−1时，x+y的最大值为6．解法二：由x2+3x+y−5=0可得：(x2+2x−5)+(x+y)=0，移项，得x+y=−x2−2x+5=−(x2+2x+1)+6=−(x+1)2+6．因为−(x+1)2≤0，所以−(x+1)2+6≤6，即当x=−1时，x+y的最大值为6．(3)以b，c，a+b为三边的长的三角形是等腰直角三角形，理由如下：由b2+ba−ca−c2=0可得：(b2−c2)+(ab−ac)=0，(b+c)(b−c)+a(b−c)=0，(b−c)(a+b+c)=0，因为a，b，c都为正数，所以b−c=0，a+b+c≠0，所以b=c，即以b，c，a+b为三边的长的三角形是等腰三角形，a2+ac+ab−b2=0………①b2+ ba−ca−c2=0………②由①+②得：a2+2ab−c2=0，(a2+2ab+b2)−b2−c2=0，b2+c2=(a+b)2．即以b，c，a+b为三边的长的三角形是直角三角形，所以以b，c，a+b为三边的长的三角形是等腰直角三角形解析：(1)利用配方法进行转化，然后求得对应系数的值；(2)利用配方法和非负数的性质求得x、y的值；(3)展开后利用分组分解法因式分解后利用非负数的性质确定三角形的三边的关系即可．本题考查了因式分解的应用，解题的关键是仔细阅读材料理解分组分解的方法，难度不大．19.答案：解：①16；②该游戏对双方是公平的，理由如下：由题意可知小明获胜的概率=36=12，小亮获胜的概率=2+16=12，所以他们获胜的概率相等，即游戏是公平的．解析：此题考查了概率公式的应用．此题比较简单，注意概率=所求情况数与总情况数之比．①由题意可得，共有6种等可能的结果，其中从口袋中任意摸出一个球是白球的有1种情况，利用概率公式即可求得答案；②游戏公平，分别计算他们各自获胜的概率即可．解：①∵在一个不透明的口袋中有6个除颜色外其余都相同的小球，其中3个红球，2个黄球，1个白球，∴从口袋中任意摸出一个球是白球的概率=16，故答案为16；②见答案．20.答案：122836°解析：解：(1)24÷30%=80，所以样本容量为80；m=80×15%=12，n=80−12−4−24−8−4=28；故答案为12，28；(2)E等级对应扇形的圆心角α的度数=880×360°=36°，故答案为：36°；(3)画树状图如下：共12种等可能的结果数，其中恰好抽到甲和乙的结果数为2，所以恰好抽到甲和乙的概率=212=16．(1)用D组的频数除以它所占的百分比得到样本容量；用样本容量乘以B组所占的百分比得到m的值，然后用样本容量分别减去其它各组的频数即可得到n的值；(2)用E组所占的百分比乘以360°得到α的值；(3)画树状图展示所有12种等可能的结果数，再找出恰好抽到甲和乙的结果数，然后根据概率公式求解．本题考查了列表法与树状图法：利用列表法或树状图法展示所有等可能的结果n，再从中选出符合事件A或B的结果数目m，然后利用概率公式求事件A或B的概率．也考查了统计图．21.答案：(1)x1=−1，x2=4；(2)−1<x<4；(3)x<−1，或x>4解析：解：由图象可知：(1)方程−x2+3x+4=0的解是x1=−1，x2=4；(2)不等式−x2+3x+4>0的解集是−1<x<4；(3)不等式−x2+3x+4<0的解集是x<−1，或x>4；故答案为：(1)x1=−1，x2=4；(2)−1<x<4；(3)x<−1，或x>4．(1)二次函数y=−x2+3x+4的图象与x轴的交点横坐标就是方程−x2+3x+4=0的解；(2)看x轴上方图象x的取值范围；(3)看x轴下方图象x的取值范围．此题考查二次函数与方程、不等式的联系，二次函数与x轴的交点问题，主要利用图象直观解决问题．22.答案：解：(1)如图所示；(2)由图可知，S△DEF=3×4−12×2×4−1 2×2×3−12×2×1=12−4−3−1=4．解析：(1)根据图形平移的性质画出△DEF即可；(2)利用矩形的面积减去三个顶点上三角形的面积即可．本题考查的是作图−平移变换，熟知图形平移不变性的性质是解答此题的关键．23.答案：证明：∵AD，BE分别是边BC，AC上的高，∴∠ADC=∠BEC=90°，又∠C=∠C，∴△ADC∽△BEC，∴ADBE =ACBC．解析：根据三角形高的定义可得到相等的直角，再由公共角，可证得△ADC∽△BEC，则结论得证．此题考查了相似三角形的判定与性质，熟练掌握定理内容是解题的关键．24.答案：解：(1)由题意可得：y=500−102(x−50)=−5x+750(50≤x≤150)，∴y与x之间的函数关系式为y=−5x+750(50≤x≤150)；(2)由题意得：(x−40)(−50x+750)=15000，解得：x1=100，x2=90，当x=100时，y=−5x+750=250(张)，当x=90时，y=−5x+750=300(张)，∵要尽可能减少聚集，∴x=100，答：票价应定为100元；(3)设游轮每晚获得的利润为w元，则w=(x−40−m)(−5x+750)=−5x2+(950+5m)x+750m−30000=−5(x−190+m2)2−275m+54m2+15125，∵−5<0，∴w关于x的函数图象是开口向下的抛物线，当x=190+m22时，w有最大值，当x<190+m22时，w随x的增大而增大，当x>190+m22时，w随x的增大而减小，∵−5x+750≤250，∴x≥100，∴100≤x≤150，当0<m<10，则95<190+m2≤100，此时x=100时，w有最大值，−5(100−190+m2)2−275m+54m2+15125=14000，解得：m=4，当10≤m<110时，则x=190+m2时，w有最大值为−275m+54m2+15125，∴−275m+54m2+15125=14000，解得：m=110土40√7，不符合题意，舍去．∴m的值为4．解析：(1)根据题意直接列出一次函数解析式；(2)根据接待每位游客获得利润与接待总游客的数量乘积等于总利润列出关于x的一元二次方程求解，再根据尽可能的减少聚集确定票价即可；(3)现根据接待每位游客获得利润与接待总游客的数量乘积等于总利润列出函数关系式，再根据函数的性质分类对称轴x的取值小于100和对称轴在x的取值范围内两种情况讨论即可．本题考查一次函数、二此函数以及一元二次方程的应用，关键是根据二次函数的性质讨论二次函数的最值情况．25.答案：解：(1)证明：如图，连接OC∵过点C的切线与AB的延长线垂直于点E，∴OC⊥CE，CE⊥AE∴OC//AE∴∠OCA=∠EAC∵OA=OC∴∠OAC=∠OCA∴∠OAC=∠EAC，即AC平分∠BAD；(2)如图，设OC交BD于点G，连接DC∵AD为直径∴∠ACD=90°，∠ABD=90°∵CE⊥AE∴DB//CE∵OC⊥CE∴OC⊥BD∴DG=BG ∵∠OAC=∠EAC，∠ACD=90°=∠E∴△ACD∽△AEC∴CEAC=CDAD∵⊙O的半径为72，AC=6∴AD=7，CD=√72−62=√13∴CE6=√137∴CE=6√13 7易得四边形BECG为矩形∴DG=BG=CE=6√13 7∵DCDF=DGDC=cos∠FDC ∴√13DF=6√137√13解得：DF=7√136∴DF的长为7√136．解析：(1)连接OC，先证明OC//AE，从而得∠OCA=∠EAC，再利用OA=OC得∠OAC=∠OCA，等量代换即可证得答案；(2)设OC交BD于点G，连接DC，先证明△ACD∽△AEC，从而利用相似三角形的性质解得CE=6√137，再利用DCDF =DGDC=cos∠FDC，代入相关线段的长可求得DF．本题考查了相似三角形的性质和判定及圆中的相关性质定理，能灵活运用定理进行推理是解此题的关键．26.答案：解：(1)∵tan∠CAO =13 ∴AO =3CO 且AO =3∴CO =1即C(−1,0)根据题意得：{c =3−b 2a =10=a −b +c解得：a =−1，b =2，c =3∴解析式y =−x 2+2x +3(2)设AC 解析式y =kx +3且过(−1,0)∴0=−k +3∴k =3∴AC 解析式y =3x +3∵A ，D 关于对称轴x =1对称∴D(2,3)，AD ⊥CO若P 点在D ，B 之间，∵∠DAO =90°=∠DAP +∠PAO ，且∠CAO =∠DAP∴∠CAO +∠DAO =90°∴AC ⊥AP∴直线AP 解析式：y =−13x +3∴{y =−13x +3y =−x 2+2x +3解得：{x 1=0y 1=3(舍去){x 2=73y 2=209 ∴P(73,209) 若P 点在AD 上方，设为p′，如图1过P 点作PE ⊥AD 交AP′的延长线于E∵∠PAD =∠CAO =∠P′AD ，AD ⊥PE∴AD 垂直平分EP ，且P(73,209) ∴E(73,349) 设直线AE 解析式y =mx +3过E(73,349)∴349=73m +3 ∴m =13∴直线AE 解析式y =13x +3∴{y =13x +3y =−x 2+2x +3解得：{x 1=0y 1=3(舍去){x 2=53y 2=329 ∴P′(53,329) 综上所述：P(73,209)或(53,329)(3)如图2连接AE ，作EF ⊥AC 于点F∵A(0,3)，C(−1,0)，E(32,0)∴根据勾股定理得：AC =√10，CE =52，AE =32√5∵S △ACE =12CE ×AO =12AC ×EF ∴52×3=√10×EF ∴EF =3√104在Rt△AEF中，AF=√AE 2−EF 2=3√104∴AF=EF，∴∠CAE=45°且∠PAP′=45°∴∠CAP=90°由第二问可得：点P(73,20 9)解析：(1)由tan∠CAO=13，可得C(−1,0)，把A，C两点坐标及对称轴代入可得解析式．(2)①分两类讨论，若P点在D，B之间，先求AC解析式，根据题意可得AP⊥AC，根据k1⋅k2=−1，可求AP解析式，与二次函数解析式组成方程组可解P点坐标．若P点在AD上方，设为p′，根据等腰三角形的对称性，可得E点坐标，可求AP′解析式，与二次函数解析式组成方程组可解P′点坐标．②连接AE，作EF⊥AC于点F，根据题意可求AC，CE，AE的长度，解三角形可得∠CAE=45°，可求P点坐标．本题主要考查的是二次函数的综合应用，待定系数法求二次函数的解析式、等腰三角形的性质和判定、解三角形，锐角三角函数解一元二次方程，关键是解三角形求出∠CAE=45°．。

江苏省新海高级中学上册期末精选单元试卷（word版含答案）一、第一章运动的描述易错题培优（难）1．质点做直线运动的v-t 图象如图所示，则（）A．3 ~ 4 s 内质点做匀减速直线运动B．3 s 末质点的速度为零，且运动方向改变C．0 ~ 2 s 内质点做匀加速直线运动，4 ~ 6 s 内质点做匀减速直线运动，加速度大小均为 2 m/s2D．6 s内质点发生的位移为 8 m【答案】BC【解析】试题分析：矢量的负号，只表示物体运动的方向，不参与大小的比较，所以3 s～4 s内质点的速度负方向增大，所以做加速运动，A错误，3s质点的速度为零，之后开始向负方向运动，运动方向发生变化，B错误，图线的斜率表示物体运动的加速度，所以0～2 s内质点做匀加速直线运动，4 s～6 s内质点做匀减速直线运动，加速度大小均为2 m/s2，C正确，v-t图像围成的面积表示物体的位移，所以6 s内质点发生的位移为0，D错误，考点：考查了对v-t图像的理解点评：做本题的关键是理解v-t图像的斜率表示运动的加速度，围成的面积表示运动的位移，负面积表示负方向位移，2．如图，直线a和曲线b分别是在平直公路上行驶的汽车a和b的位置一时间（x一t）图线，由图可知A．在时刻t1，a车追上b车B．在时刻t2，a、b两车运动方向相反C．在t1到t2这段时间内，b车的速率先减少后增加D．在t1到t2这段时间内，b车的速率一直比a车大【答案】BC【解析】【分析】 【详解】由x —t 图象可知，在0-t 1时间内，b 追a ，t 1时刻相遇，所以A 错误；在时刻t 2，b 的斜率为负，则b 的速度与x 方向相反，所以B 正确；b 图象在最高点的斜率为零，所以速度为零，故b 的速度先减小为零，再反向增大，所以C 正确，D 错误．3．关于时间间隔和时刻，下列说法中正确的是（ ） A ．第4s 末就是第5s 初，指的是时刻 B ．第5s 初指的是时间间隔C ．物体在5s 内指的是物体在第4s 末到第5s 初这1s 的时间间隔D ．物体在第5s 内指的是物体在第4s 末到第5s 末这1s 的时间间隔 【答案】AD 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】A ．第4s 末就是第5s 初，指的是时刻，故A 正确；B ．第5s 初指的是时刻，故选项B 错误；C ．物体在5s 内指的是物体在零时刻到第5s 末这5s 的时间，故C 错误；D ．物体在第5s 内指的是物体在4s 末到5s 末这1s 的时间，故D 正确。

江苏省新海高级中学2021年高三化学第一阶段摸底测试命题范围：高三第三册及无机化学部分可能用到的相对原子质量：H 1 C 12 O 16 Si 28 S 32 Cl 35.5 Ar 40 Na 23 Fe 56 Mg 24第Ⅰ卷（选择题共64分）一、选择题（本题包括8小题，每小题4分，共32分。

每小题只有一个选项符合题意）．．．．1．1．保护环境是每一个公民的责任。

下列做法：①推广使用无磷洗涤剂②城市生活垃圾分类处理③推广使用一次性木质筷子④推广使用清洁能源⑤过量使用化肥、农药⑥推广使用无氟冰箱。

其中有利于保护环境的是A．①②④⑤B．②③④⑥C．①②④⑥ D．③④⑤⑥2．下列八种试剂中：①酚酞试液②银氨溶液③稀H2SO4④Na2SO3溶液⑤FeCl3溶液（加少量HCl）⑥氢硫酸⑦Na2CO3溶液⑧石灰水都不宜长期放置的组合是A．②④⑥⑧ B．①②④⑥⑧ C．②③⑤⑦ D．②④⑤3．右图是制取和收集某气体的实验装置，该装置可用于A．用浓盐酸和二氧化锰反应制取Cl2B．用浓氨水和生石灰反应制取NH3C．用浓硝酸与铜反应制取NO2D．用过氧化钠固体和水反应制取O24．下列各组物质有关物理性质的比较中，前者大于后者的是A ．密度：氯丁烷与氯丙烷B ．硬度：晶体硅与金刚石C ．沸点：硬脂酸与软脂酸D ．水溶性：小苏打与苏打5．肼（N 2H 4）是火箭发动机的燃料，反应时N 2O 4为氧化剂，生成氮气和水蒸气。

已知： N 2（g ）+2O 2（g ）=N 2O 4（g ）；△H =+8.7kJ/molN 2H 4（g ）+O 2（g ）=N 2（g ）+2H 2O （g ）；△H =—534.0kJ/mol 下列表示肼跟N 2O 4反应的热化学方程式，正确的是A ．2N 2H 4（g ）+N 2O 4（g ）=3N 2（g ）+4H 2O （g ）；△H =—542.7kJ/molB ．2N 2H 4（g ）+N 2O 4（g ）=3N 2（g ）+4H 2O （g ）；△H =—1059.3kJ/molC ．2N 2H 4（g ）+N 2O 4（g ）=3N 2（g ）+4H 2O （g ）；△H =—1076.7kJ/molD ．N 2H 4（g ）+21N 2O 4（g ）=23N 2（g ）+2H 2O （g ）；△H =—1076.7kJ/mol 6．对下列各种溶液中所含离子的判断合理的是Ａ． 向无色溶液中加氯水变橙色，溶液中可能含： SO 42—,Br —，OH —，Ba 2+ B ．在c （H +）=10-14mol/L 的溶液中可能含：Na +，A102—，CO 32—，SO 32— Ｃ． 某溶液，加铝粉有氢气放出，则溶液中可能含：K +，Na +，H +，NO 3-D ．使紫色石蕊试液变红色的溶液中可能含：K +，Na +，Ca 2+,HC03—7.下列关于晶体的说法一定正确的是A ．分子晶体中都存在共价键B ．CaTiO 3晶体中每个Ti 4+和12个O 2-相紧邻C ．SiO 2晶体中每个硅原子与两个氧原子以共价键相结合D ．金属晶体的熔点都比分子晶体的熔点高8．将0.1 L 含有0.02mol CuSO 4和0.01molNaCl 的水溶液用惰性电极电解。

2020-2021学年江苏省新海实验中学高三生物模拟试卷及参考答案一、选择题：本题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分。

每小题只有一个选项符合题目要求。

1. 下列关于生命系统结构层次的叙述正确的是A.乌龟和松树具有完全相同的生命系统结构层次B.病毒在活细胞中能够生存，是地球上最基本的生命系统C.一个生物可以同时属于两个不同的结构层次D.研究一个池塘中各个种群之间的关系属于种群层次上研究的问题2. 内环境稳态是维持机体正常生命活动的必要条件。

下列相关叙述中，正确的是（）A.内环境中抗利尿激素增加会导致血浆渗透压增高B.细胞内高Na+、细胞外高K+有利于神经细胞产生兴奋C.正常情况下抗体、激素、神经递质均会出现在内环境中D.葡萄糖在内环境中彻底氧化分解生命活动提供能量3. 果树的叶芽早期突变后，可长成变异枝条，但其长势一般较弱或受抑制，这表明基因突变（）A.具有随机性B.具有多方向性C.突变频率低D.具有有害性4. 一株基因型为AaBb的小麦自交，这两对基因独立遗传。

后代可能出现的基因型有A．2种B．4种C．9种D．16种5. 以下关于植物激素或植物生长调节剂在农业生产实践上的应用描述，符合实际的是（）A. 黄瓜结果后，喷洒一定量的脱落酸可以防止果实脱落B. 利用高浓度的2，4－D作除草剂，可抑制大豆田中的单子叶杂草C. 用一定浓度的细胞分裂素溶液处理黄麻、芦苇等植物，使纤维长度增加D. 喷洒一定浓度的乙烯利溶液，可促进果实成熟6. 下图是健康志愿者在运动前(a)、运动刚停止时(b)以及运动结束3小时后(c)，血液内“减肥激素”的含量，该激素由脂肪细胞产生，能促进脂肪分解产生热量。

下列推测不合理的是（）A. 脂肪细胞是减肥激素的分泌细胞而非靶细胞B. 图示说明运动能促进减肥激素的合成与分泌C. 减肥激素减少可能是发挥完作用后灭活导致的D. 寒冷环境中脂肪细胞分泌的减肥激素可能会增多7. 下列关于生态系统中的物质循环的说法，错误的是（）A.碳在食物网中以有机物的形式流动B.植物可通过呼吸作用和光合作用参与生态系统的碳循环C.从物质循环的角度看，人体内碳元素的根本来源是大气中的CO2D.生态系统的物质循环发生在种群和无机环境之间8. 内环境是由细胞外液构成的液体环境。

新海实验中学苍梧校区2020-2021学年度第一学期期末考试八年级数学模拟试题（3）一、选择题（本大题共有8小题，每小题3分，共24分）1．甲骨文是我国的一种古代文字，是汉字的早期形式，下列甲骨文中，不是轴对称的是（ ）A ．B ．C ．D ．2．在下列各数0，3，38-，π，223，36-，0.1010010001……（两个1之间，依次增加1个0），其中无理数有（ ） A ．6个 B ．5个 C ．4个D ．3个3．下列说法正确的是（ ） A ．2的平方根是2B ．（﹣4）2的算术平方根是4C ．近似数35万精确到个位D ．无理数21的整数部分是54．如图，已知O 是AB 的中点，那么添加下列一个条件后，仍无法判定△AOC ≌△BOD 的是（ ）A ．OC ＝ODB ．∠A ＝∠BC ．AC ＝BD D ．∠C ＝∠D ＝90° 5．已知△ABC 中，a 、b 、c 分别是∠A 、∠B 、∠C 的对边，下列条件不能判断△ABC 是直角三角形的是（ ） A ．c 2＝a 2﹣b 2 B ．a ＝5，b ＝12，c ＝13 C ．∠A ：∠B ：∠C ＝3：4：5 D ．∠A ＝∠B ﹣∠C 6．函数12-+=x x y 中自变量x 的取值范围是（ ） A ．x ≥﹣2且x ≠1 B ．x ≥﹣2 C ．x ≠1 D ．﹣2≤x ＜1 7．对于一次函数y ＝﹣2x +1，下列说法正确的是（ ） A ．图象分布在第一、二、三象限 B ．y 随x 的增大而增大 C ．图象经过点（1，﹣2） D ．若点A （x 1，y 1），B （x 2，y 2）都在图象上，且x 1＜x 2，则y 1＞y 2 8．如图，在等边△ABC 中，6AB =，过AB 边上一点D 作DH AC ⊥于点H ，点E 为BC 延长线上一点，且AD CE =，连接DE 交AC 于点F ，则HF 的长为（ ）． A ．2 B ．2.5 C ．3 D ．3.5（第4题） （第8题）二、填空题（本大题共有8小题，每小题4分，共32分） 9．函数①y ＝x π；②y ＝2x ﹣1；③y ＝x2，④y ＝x 2﹣1中，y 是x 的一次函数的有 个． 10．已知1a -的平方根是2±，则a 的值为_________．11．若点P （a +1，2a +3）在平面直角坐标系的x 轴上，则a 的值为 ． 12．等腰三角形的一个角为40°，则它的顶角的度数为 ．13．如图，在坐标系中，一次函数y ＝﹣2x +1与一次函数y ＝x +k 的图象交于点A （﹣2，5），则关于x 的不等式x +k ＞﹣2x +1的解集是 ．14．如图，在Rt ABC △中，90C ∠=︒，BD 平分ABC ∠，交AC 于点D ，DE 垂直平分AB ，交AB 于点E ，若2DE =，AC =6，则BD =__________．（第13题） （第14题） （第15题）15．如图，等腰三角形ABC 的底边BC 长为4，面积是18，腰AC 的垂直平分线EF 分别交AC ，AB 边于E ，F 点.若点D 为BC 边的中点，点G 为线段EF 上一动点，则△CDG 周长的最小值为______． 16.如图，Rt ABC △，90ACB ∠=︒，3AC =，4BC =，将边AC 沿CE 翻折，使点A 落在AB 上的点D 处；再将边BC 沿CF 翻折，使点B 落在CD 的延长线上的点B '处，两条折痕与斜边AB 分别交于点E 、F ，则线段B F '的长为________．（第16题）八年级数学模拟试题（3）答题纸班级___________ 姓名__________ 学号___________ 得分____________一、选择题（本大题共有8小题，每小题3分，共24分.）题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 答案二、填空题（本大题共8小题，每小题4分，共32分.）9． 10． 11． 12． 13． 14． 15． 16． 三、解答题（本大题共10小题，共94分．） 17.（本题满分8分）（1）计算：23)2(8--16-+； （2）已知016)22=--x （，求x 的值.18.（本题满分8分）已知y =y 1+y 2，其中y 1与x 成正比例，y 2与x -2成正比例，当x =-1时，y =2；当x =2时，y =5.求y 与x 的函数表达式.19.（本题满分8分）如图，将长方形ABCD 沿EF 折叠，使点D 与点B 重合． （1）若∠AEB ＝40°，求∠BFE 的度数；（2）若AB ＝6，AD ＝18，求CF 的长．20.（本题满分8分）△ABC 在直角坐标系中的位置如图所示，其中 A （－3，5）、B （－5，2）、C （－1，3），直线l 经过点（0，1）， 并且与x 轴平行，△A ′B ′C ′与△ABC 关于线l 对称， （1）图中格点△ABC 的面积为_________；（2）画出△A ′B ′C ′，并写出△A ′B ′C ′的顶点A ′的坐标:__________； （3）观察图中对应点坐标之间的关系，写出点P （a ，b ）关于直线l 的对称点P ′的坐标:_____________． 21．（本题满分8分）如图，ABC 中，CA CB =，45ACB ∠=︒，CE 平分ACB ∠，BD AC ⊥于点D ，CE 交BD 于点F ．（1）求证：DA DF =；（2）请你探究线段CF 与BE 的数量关系，并说明理由．22.（本题满分8分）已知：如图，在长方形ABCD 中，BC ＝8，AB ＝4，点E 为AD 的中点，BD 和CE 相交于点P ．求△BPC 的面积．小明同学应用所学知识，顺利地解决了此题，他的思路是这样的：建立适当的“平面直角坐标系”，写出图中一些点的坐标．根据“一次函数”的知识求出点P 的坐标，从而可求得△BPC 的面积． 请你按照小明的思路解决这道思考题．23.（本题满分10分）请你用学习“一次函数”中积累的经验和方法研究函数y ＝|x ﹣1|的图象和性质，并解决问题．（1）①当x ＝1时，y ＝|x ﹣1|＝ ；②当x ＞1时，y ＝|x ﹣1|＝ ； ③当x ＜1时，y ＝|x ﹣1|＝ ； 显然，②和③均为某个一次函数的一部分．（2）在平面直角坐标系xOy 中，作出函数y ＝|x ﹣1|的图象． （3）结合图象，不等式|x ﹣1|＜3的解集为 ．24．（本题满分12分）某电脑经销商，今年二，三月份A型和B型电脑的销售情况，如下表所示：A型（台）B型（台）利润（元）二月份15 20 4500三月份20 10 3500（1）直接写出每台A型电脑和B型电脑的销售利润分别为____________；（2）该商店计划一次购进两种型号的电脑共100台，其中B型电脑的进货量不超过A型电脑的2倍．设购进A型电脑x台，这100台电脑的销售总利润为y元．①求y与x的关系式；②该商店购进A型、B型各多少台，才能使销售利润最大？（3）在（2）的条件下，实际进货时，厂家对A型电脑出厂价下调m(0<m<80)元，且限定商店最多购进A型电脑60台．若商店保持两种电脑的售价不变，请你设计出使这100台电脑销售总利润最大的进货方案．25.（本题满分12分）甲、乙两名同学在相邻的两条泳道里进行游泳比赛，已知泳道长60米，图中折线段OA-AB是甲离出发点的距离y（米）与比赛时间x（秒）的函数图象，线段OC是乙离出发点的距离y（米）与比赛时间x（秒）的函数图象，其中x≥0，线段OC与AB相交于点D．请根据图象解决下列问题：（1）求线段AB，OC对应的函数表达式，并写出相应的自变量x的取值范围；（2）直接写出点D的坐标，并说明点D表示的实际意义；（3）直接写出乙在游泳过程中甲乙两人的距离S（米）与比赛时间x（秒）的关系式；（4）若乙到达终点后立即转身按原速度返回起点（转身时间忽略），请在图中画出乙返回时的图象，并标明乙返回出发点的时间．O26.（本题满分12分）【问题背景】如图，在平面直角坐标系xOy中，点A的坐标是（0，1），点C是x轴上的一个动点．当点C在x轴上移动时，始终保持△ACP是等腰直角三角形，且∠CAP＝90°（点A、C、P按逆时针方向排列）；当点C移动到点O时，得到等腰直角三角形AOB（此时点P与点B重合）．【初步探究】（1）写出点B的坐标；（2）点C在x轴上移动过程中，当等腰直角三角形ACP的顶点P在第四象限时，连接BP．求证：△AOC≌△ABP；【深入探究】（3）当点C在x轴上移动时，点P也随之运动．经过探究发现，点P的横坐标总保持不变，请直接写出点P的横坐标：；【拓展延伸】（4）点C在x轴上移动过程中，当△POB为等腰三角形时，直接写出此时点C的坐标．。

江苏省连云港市连云区新海高级中学少年班2020-2021学年七年级上学期期末数学试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________二、填空题7．已知一列数：1，-2，3，-4，5，-6，7，……将这列数如下排列，第10行从左边数第5个数等于______．第1行 1第2行-2 3第3行-45-6第4行7-89-10第5行111213-1415三、单选题8．将正方形BEFG和正方形DHMN按如图所示放入长方形ABCD中，AB＝10，BC＝13，若两个正方形的重叠部分长方形甲的周长为10，则下列无法确定的选项为（）A．乙的周长B．丙的周长C．甲的面积D．乙的面积四、多选题9．下列说法中，其中正确的是（）①有理数中，有绝对值最小的数；②有理数不是整数就是分数；③当a表示正有理数，则a-一定是负数；④a是大于1-的负数，则2a小于3aA．①B．②C．③D．④五、单选题10．下列说法：①经过一点有无数条直线；②两点之间线段最短；③经过两点，有且只有一条真线；④若线段AM等于线段BM，则点M是线段AB的中点，其中正确的有（）A．1个B．2个C．3个D．4个11．下列说法中，①倒数等于它本身的数是1±：②一个数的平方等于它本身的数是1；③两个数的差一定小于被减数；④如果两个数的和为正数，那么这两个数中至少有一个正数，正确的有（）个A．1 B．2 C．3 D．4六、多选题12．关于x，y的方程组，3453x y ax y a+=-⎧⎨-=⎩下列说法：①51xy=⎧⎨=-⎩是方程组的解；②不论a取什么实数，x y +的值始终不变；③当2a =-时，x 与y 相等；④3x y +=恒成立．正确的有（ ） A ．①B ．②C ．③D ．④七、填空题1111八、解答题(1)如图（1），若∠AOM=30°，求∠CON的度数；(2)在图（1）中，若∠AOM=α，直接写出∠CON的度数（用含α的代数式表示）；(3)将图（1）中的直角三角板OMN绕顶点O顺时针旋转至图（2）的位置，一边OM在直线AB上方，另一边ON在直线AB下方．①探究∠AOM和∠CON的度数之间的关系，写出你的结论，并说明理由；②当∠AOC＝3∠BON时，求∠AOM的度数．。

2021届江苏省新海实验中学高三英语上学期期末考试试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIn his 402nd anniversary year, Shakespeare is still rightly celebrated as a great language master and writer. But he was not the only great master of play writing to die in 1616, and he is certainly not the only writer to have left a lasting influence on theater.While less known worldwide, Tang Xianzu is considered one of Chinas greatest playwrights and is highly spoken of in that country of ancient literary and dramatic traditions.Tang was born in 1550 inLinchuan,Jiangxiprovince. Unlike Shakespeare's large body of plays,poems and sonnets (十四行诗), Tang wrote only four major plays: The Purple Hairpin, Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》), A Dream under the Southern bough, and Dream of Handan. The latter three were constructed around a dream narrative, a way through which Tang unlocked the emotional dimension of human desires and ambitions and explored human nature beyond the social and political limits of that time.Similar to Shakespeare, Tang's success rode the wave of a renaissance (复兴) in theater as an artistic practice. As in Shakespeare'sEngland, Tang's works became hugely popular inChinatoo. During Tang'sChina, his plays were enjoyed performed, and changed. Kunqu Opera, a form of musical drama, spread from southernChinato the whole nation and became a symbol of Chinese culture. Combining northern tune and southern music, kunqu Opera was known for its poetic language, music, dance movements and gestures. Tang's works benefited greatly from the popularity of kunqu Opera, and his plays are considered classics of kunqu Opera.While Tang and Shakespeare lived in a world away from each other, there are many things they share in common, such e humanity of their drama, their heroic figures, their love for poetic language, a lasting popularity and the anniversary during which we still celebrate them.1. Why is Shakespeare mentioned in the first paragraph?A. To describe Shakespeare's anniversary.B. To introduce the existence of Tang Xianzu.C. To explain the importance of Shakespeare.D. To suggest the less popularity of Tang Xianzu.2. What's possibly one of the main theme of Tang's works?A. Social reality.B. Female dreams.C. Human emotions.D. Political environment.3. What does the author mainly tell us in Paragraph 4?A. The influence of Kunqu Opera on Tang's works.B. Tang's success in copying Shakespeare's styles.C. The way Kunqu Opera became a symbol of Chinese culture.D. Tang's popularity for his poetic language and music.BMany of us were delighted to learn that a high school senior Kwasi Enin was accepted to all eight Ivy League universities. To our surprise, he wasn't excited as expected, but appeared extra calm. He announced that he would revisit the universities to find the best suitable in music or medicine. He also wanted to compare their financial aid packages.Kwasi's success story is rare, but his reaction is not. After the admission letters arrive at home, students have 30 days to really think about what kind of school would help them grow as a person, which school would best prepare them for the future, and at which school they would be happiest. And they also have to think about whether they can afford the school they choose.But how to answer the questions about which school is the best suitable university? Some young people are attracted to large universities with great school spirit and a list of offerings. But besides those advantages, many of these universities focus on graduate work and research, with undergraduates taught mostly by part-time instructors. Others are attracted to smaller boarding schools with discussion-based classes. But some of these schools will have much limitation for students who want a high-energy city life experience.Many students today seem to think they should pick the university where they will get the diploma that will help them get the most highly paid job. This is a sad misunderstanding of what a college education should provide.A good college education should prepare them to overcome any difficulty andthrivein society. It helps them to form the habit of creative mind and spirit that will continue to develop far beyond their university years. So when you choose college, you should consider if it is filled with useful learning to help create new spaces for different possibilities of growth.4. What can we know about Kwasi Enin from paragraph 1?A. He was from a very poor family.B. He would choose the top university.C. He was too excited to calm himself at the good news.D. He considered his interests when choosing his university.5. What can you infer from paragraph 2?A. Few students can be admitted to university.B. Many students face the choices like Kwasi.C. Top universities are the first choice for most students.D. American students can afford their university by themselves.6. Which of the following can best explain the underlined word “thrive” in paragraph 4?A. FailB. SucceedC. ResearchD. Work7. What should the best university be like according to the text?A. Very large and have good instructors.B. Small boarding schools with discussion-based classes.C. It will offerthe diploma to get the most highly paid job.D. It will help continue to develop far beyond university years.CSome of the oldest art in human history is being damaged, scientists say. And climate change may be speeding up its loss. Newresearch reports that ancient rock art in Indonesian caves is degrading over time, as bits of rock slowly break off from the walls. It's a huge loss for human history.Salt crystals（结晶）building up on the walls are a key part of the problem, the study suggests. These salt crystals go into the cave walls, changing sizes as temperatures rise and fall. This process causes the rock to slowly break down.Salt crystals may become larger when exposed to repeated changes between wet conditions and periods of drought. These kinds of changes are expected to become more obvious as the climate continues to warm.In particular, the researchers say, climate change may cause more intense El Nino（厄尔尼诺）events in the future. These events can strengthen the kinds of conditions that help salt crystals form Scientists are still debating the exact influence of climate change on El Nino, a natural climate cycle that drives changing patterns of warming and cooling in thePacific Ocean.The new study, led by Jillian Huntley, examined 11 ancient cave art sites in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The researchers found evidence of salt formation at all 11 sites. It's merely a small part There are more than 300 known eave art sites around the region. The researchers note that salt crystals may indeed be part of the problem,adding that climate change is a growing threat, one that deserves more attention.8. What is the main cause of the rocks breaking off from the wall?A. Weather patterns.B. Salt crystals.C. Wet conditions.D. Drought Periods.9. Which of the following may researchers agree with?A. El Nino events prevent salt crystals forming.B. Climate change makes little difference to El Nino.C.Salt crystals may become much larger in wet conditions.D. Constant warm weather may cause salt crystals to change size.10. Which word best describes Huntley's attitude to climate change?A. Worried.B. Curious.C. Doubtful.D. Positive.11. What can we learn from thelast paragraph?A. The formation and patterns of salt crystals.B. The impact of climate change on ancient rock arts.C. The historical value of ancient rock art in cave sites.D. The threats of human activities to ancient eave art sites.DWith graduation days being celebrated all over the country, a student who has to use a wheelchair honored his mother on his graduation day in a special way. Easley High School graduate, Alex Mays surprised people present when he got up and walked across the stage at Clemson's Littlejohn Coliseum.“I was really happy—it made me feel good,” Alex said.Alex was not given a chance to live right from his birth. He was born at 25 weeks and weighed just 1 pound, 10 ounces at birth. When he was very young, he had a disease and lost the ability to walk. After his mother's death in 2013, Alex had several other difficult life changes until he came to live with his grandparents, Dousay and her husband, Dewayne. Dousay said that when Alex came to live with them, they decided to bring him up in the best possible way they could.Last fall, Alex said that he would walk across the stage to get his diploma to honor his late mother. He practiced hard and worked with a physical therapist for 9 months to complete his plan.The only help Alex got was from his mom's best friend, Tonya Johnson, who pushed his wheelchair to the stage wearing one of his mother's favorite shirts. “I had support from my family. I couldn't have done it withoutthem,” Alex said.“Alex made everyone in the building feel encouraged that day” Pickens County School District public information specialist John Eby said. “The school teachers knew he was going to get up to get his diploma, but the distance he walked was a surprise, even to them,” Eby said.“Some of life's most important tests aren’t given in a classroom; Alex tested himself and passed with flying color1 s,” Eby added.12. In what way did Alex honor his late mother on his graduation day?A. By dressing like her.B. By saying sorry to her.C. By inviting her best friend.D. By walking to get his diploma.13. What can we learn from Paragraph 3?A. Alex was born healthy.B. Alex went through a lot.C. Alex had a purpose in life as a child.D. Alex has lived with his grandparents all the time.14. What did Alex also express on his graduation day?A. His big regret in life.B. His feelings for hisschool.C. His thanks for his family.D. His will to complete his study.15. Which of the following words can best describe Alex?A. Strong-minded.B. Warm-hearted.C. Cool-headed.D. Easy-going.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020-2021学年高一数学上学期期末考试全真模拟卷（四）一．单项选择题：本大题共8小题，每小题5分，共40分．在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的．1．若a R ∈，则“21a -≥”是“0a ≤”的（ ） A ．充分不必要条件 B ．必要不充分条件 C ．充要条件 D ．既不充分也不必要条件【答案】B 【详解】由21a -≥可得：21a -≥或21a -≤-，即3a ≥或1a ≤， 设{|1A x a =≤或}3a ≥，{}|0B a a =≤， 因为B A ，所以“21a -≥”是“0a ≤”的必要不充分条件， 故选：B2．下列命题中正确的是（ ） A ．()0,x ∃∈+∞，23x x > B ．()0,1x ∃∈，23log log x x <C ．()0,x ∀∈+∞，131log 2xx ⎛⎫> ⎪⎝⎭D ．10,3x ⎛⎫∀∈ ⎪⎝⎭，131log 2xx ⎛⎫> ⎪⎝⎭【答案】B 【详解】0x >时，22133xx x ⎛⎫=< ⎪⎝⎭，∴23x x <，A 错；(0,1)x ∈时，lg 0x <，lg3lg 20>>，因此11lg 2lg 3>，∴lg lg lg 2lg 3x x <，即23log log x x <，B 正确；13x =时，13112⎛⎫< ⎪⎝⎭，131log 13=，即131log 2xx ⎛⎫< ⎪⎝⎭，C 错； 10,3x ⎛⎫∈ ⎪⎝⎭时，112x⎛⎫< ⎪⎝⎭，11331log log 13x >=，∴131log 2xx ⎛⎫< ⎪⎝⎭，D 错误． 故选：B ．3．已知非负数x ，y 满足21xy y +=，则2x y +的最小值为（ ）A．2B ．2C ．12D ．1【答案】B 【详解】已知非负数x ，y 满足21xy y +=，则有：()1y x y +=，由已知可得：0y ≠，则0y >， 由()10y x y +=>，所以0x y +>，所以()22x y y x y +=++≥=， 当且仅当x x y =+，即0x =，1y =时等号成立， 所以2x y +的最小值为2， 故选：B 4．若1sin 63πα⎛⎫+= ⎪⎝⎭，则5sin 26πα⎛⎫+= ⎪⎝⎭（ ） A ．79 B ．13C ．89D ．23【答案】A 【详解】5sin 2sin 2cos 26626ππππααα⎡⎤⎡⎤⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫+=++=+ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎢⎥⎢⎥⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭⎣⎦⎣⎦ 22712sin 1699πα⎛⎫=-+=-= ⎪⎝⎭.故选：A5．若函数()πsin 23f x x ⎛⎫+ ⎪⎝⎭＝在[],a a -上的值域为[]1,1-，则a 的最小值为（ ） A ．π12B ．π6C ．5π12D ．π2【答案】C 【详解】()f x 的图象上距离0x =最近的两个最值点分别是5π,112⎛⎫-- ⎪⎝⎭，π,112⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭，故a 的最小值为5π12.故选：C6．已知函数()()()cos >0,0<<f x x ωθωθπ=+的最小正周期为π，且()()0f x f x -+=，若tan 2α=，则()fα等于（ ）A ．45-B ．45C ．35D ．35【答案】A 【详解】 由2ππω=，得2ω=，又()()0f x f x -+=，()()()cos cos 2f x x x ωθθ=+=+为奇函数，()2k k Z πθπ∴=+∈，，又0θπ<<，得2πθ=，()cos 2sin 22f x x x π⎛⎫∴=+=- ⎪⎝⎭，又由tan 2α=，可得()2222sin cos 2tan 4sin 2sin cos tan 15f αααααααα-=-==-=-++故选：A7．把函数()()()2cos 0,0f x x ωϕωϕπ=+><<的图象上每一点的横坐标伸长到原来的2倍，纵坐标不变，然后再向左平移6π个单位长度，得到一个最小正周期为2π的奇函数()g x ，则ω和ϕ的值分别为（ ） A ．1，3π B ．2，3π C ．12，6π D ．12，3π【答案】B 【详解】将函数()y f x =的图象上每一点的横坐标伸长到原来的2倍，纵坐标不变，可得到函数12cos 2y x ωϕ⎛⎫=+ ⎪⎝⎭，再将所得图象向左平移6π个单位长度，得到函数()11cos cos 2262212x g x x ωπωωπϕϕ⎡⎤⎛⎫⎛⎫=++=++ ⎪⎪⎢⎥⎝⎭⎝⎭⎣⎦的图象，因为函数()y g x =是一个最小正周期为2π的奇函数，则2122ωππ==，解得2ω=， 且有()62k k Z ππϕπ+=+∈，可得()3k k Z πϕπ=+∈，0ϕπ<<，0k ∴=，3πϕ=.故选：B.8．已知函数2(43)3,0()log (1)1,0a x a x a x f x x x ⎧+-+<=⎨++≥⎩(0a >且1a ≠)在R 上单调递减，且关于x 的方程|()|23xf x =-恰有两个不相等的实数解，则a 的取值范围是（ ） A ．20,3⎛⎤ ⎥⎝⎦B ．23,34⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦C ．12,33⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦D ．12,33⎡⎫⎪⎢⎣⎭【答案】D 【详解】()f x 是R 上的单调递减函数，2(43)3y x a x a ∴=+-+在(),0∞-上单调递减，log (1)1a y x =++在(0,)+∞上单调递减，且()f x 在(),0∞-上的最小值大于或等于(0)f . ∴34020131aa a -⎧⎪⎪<<⎨⎪⎪⎩，解得1334a. 作出函数|()|y f x =和23xy =-的草图如图所示：|()|23xf x =-恰有两个不相等的实数解，32a ∴<，即23<a ，综上，1233a <. 故选：D.二．多项选择题：本大题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分．全对得5分，少选得3分，多选、错选不得分． 9．设不大于x 的最大整数为[]x ，如[]3.63=．已知集合[]{}1A x x ==-，[]{}0223B x x =+＜＜，则（ ）A ．{}10A x x =-≤＜B ．112A B x x ⎧⎫⋃=-≤≤⎨⎬⎩⎭C ．3⎡=-⎣D ．102A B x x ⎧⎫⋂=-≤⎨⎬⎩⎭＜ 【答案】AD 【详解】[]{}{}110A x x x x ==-=-≤＜，因为[]11022*******x x x +⇒≤+⇒-≤<＜＜＜，所以11,22B ⎡⎫=-⎪⎢⎣⎭，11,2AB ⎡⎫=-⎪⎢⎣⎭，1,02AB ⎡⎫=-⎪⎢⎣⎭，∵43--，∴4⎡=-⎣，故选：AD.10．下列说法正确的是（ ）A ．“4x π=”是“tan 1x =”的充分不必要条件B ．命题P ：“若a b >，则22am bm >”的否定是真命题C ．命题“0x R ∃∈，0012x x +≥”的否定形式是“x R ∀∈，12x x+≥” D ．将函数()cos2f x x x =+的图像向左平移4π个单位长度得到()g x 的图像，则()g x 的图像关于点0,4π⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭对称 【答案】ABD 【详解】解：逐一考查所给命题的真假：A ．若“4x π=”则“tan 1x =”，反之不一定成立，故题中的命题正确，B ．当0m =时，命题P 为假命题，故其否定是真命题，题中的命题正确，C ．命题“0x R ∃∈，0012x x +≥”的否定形式是“1,2x R x x∀∈+<”，题中的命题错误， D ．将函数()cos2f x x x =+的图象向左平移4π个单位长度得到的函数为()()cos(2)sin 4244g x f x x x x x ππππ=+=+++=-++，由于函数sin y x x =-+ 为奇函数，其函数图象关于坐标原点对称，故函数()g x 的图象关于点(0,)4π对称，题中的命题正确， 故选：ABD ．11．已知函数()()2f x x mx n m n R =++∈，，关于x 的不等式()x f x <的解集为()()11-∞+∞，，，则（ ）A ．11m n =-=，B ．设()()f x g x x=，则()g x 的最小值一定为11g =（）C ．不等式()()()f x ff x <的解集为()()()0011∞∞-+，，， D ．若()()314212x h x f x x ⎧≤⎪⎪=⎨⎪>⎪⎩，，，且()()22h x h x <+，则x 的取值范围是34∞⎛⎫-+ ⎪⎝⎭，【答案】ACD 【详解】由题意2()(1)f x x x -=-，即2()1f x x x =-+，∴1,1m n =-=，A 正确；()1()1f x g x x x x==+-，但当0x <时，()3f x ≤-，B 错； (())()f f x f x >，由已知()1f x ≠，即211x x -+≠，0x ≠且1x ≠，C 正确；由题意知()h x 在1,2⎡⎫+∞⎪⎢⎣⎭上是增函数，在1,2⎛⎤-∞ ⎥⎝⎦上是常函数，因此由()(22)h x h x <+得1222x x ≤<+或121222x x ⎧<⎪⎪⎨⎪+>⎪⎩，解得12x ≥或3142x -<<，综上，34x >-．D 正确．故选：ACD ．12．已知函数1()cos cos 632f x x x ππ⎛⎫⎛⎫=+-+⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭，则以下说法中正确的是（ ） A ．()f x 的最小正周期为πB ．()f x 在7,1212ππ⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦上单调递减 C ．51,62π⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭是()f x 的一个对称中心 D ．当0,6x π⎡⎤∈⎢⎥⎣⎦时，()f x的最大值为24【答案】ABC 【详解】依题意()11cos sin sin cos 6232662f x x x x x πππππ⎡⎤⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫=+--+=+++⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎢⎥⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭⎣⎦ 1111sin 2sin 2232232x x ππ⎛⎫⎛⎫=++=++ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭.所以()f x 的最小正周期为22ππ=，A 选项正确. 由32232x πππ≤+≤，解得71212x ππ≤≤，所以()f x 在7,1212ππ⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦上单调递减，B 选项正确. 51511sin 623322f πππ⎛⎫⎛⎫=++= ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭，所以51,62π⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭是()f x 的一个对称中心，C 选项正确.由于112sin 11226324f πππ+⎛⎫⎛⎫=++=>⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭，所以D 选项错误. 故选：ABC三．填空题：本大题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分. 13．已知角α的终边与单位圆交于点(3455，-)，则3cos(2)2πα+=__________. 【答案】2425- 【详解】因为角α的终边与单位圆交于点(3455，-)， 所以43sin ,cos 55αα==-， 所以4324sin 22sin cos 25525ααα⎛⎫=⋅=⨯⨯-=- ⎪⎝⎭， 所以324cos(2)sin 2225παα+==-， 故答案为：2425-14．已知lg lg 2x y +=，则11x y+的最小值是______. 【答案】15【解析】由lg lg 2x y +=得：100xy =，所以1111111()1001005xy x y x y x y ⎛⎫+=+=+≥ ⎪⎝⎭，当且仅当10x y ==时，取等号，故填15.15．下列命题中，真命题的序号_____.①,sin cos x R x x ∃∈+=②若:01x p x <-，则:01x p x ⌝≥-；③lg lg x y >>④ABC 中，边a b >是sin sin A B >的充要条件；⑤“2a =”是“函数()f x x a =-在区间[)2,+∞上为增函数”的充要条件. 【答案】④. 【分析】根据三角函数的性质、分式不等式的性质、指数对数的性质、正弦定理以及函数的单调性逐条分析即可得出答案.【详解】对①，sin cos )4x x x π+=+≤>对②，命题:01x p x <-，解得01x << ，所以{}:01p x x x ⌝≤≥或，而01x x ≥-的解集为{}01x x x ≤>或，故②为假命题；对③，当1,0x y ==>，但lg lg x y >不成立，故③为假命题；对④，根据正弦定理sin sin a bA B= 可得，边a b >是sin sin A>B 的充要条件，故为真命题； 对⑤，满足函数()f x x a =-在区间[)2,+∞上为增函数的a 的取值范围为2a ≤，故“2a =”是“函数()f x x a =-在区间[)2,+∞上为增函数”的 充分不必要条件，故⑤为假命题.故答案为：④.16．函数sin 23y x π⎛⎫=+ ⎪⎝⎭的图象向右平移3π个单位后与函数()f x 的图象重合，则下列结论正确的是______.①()f x 的一个周期为2π-； ②()f x 的图象关于712x π=-对称； ③76x π=是()f x 的一个零点； ④()f x 在5,1212ππ⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭单调递减； 【答案】①②③【详解】 解：函数sin 23y x π⎛⎫=+⎪⎝⎭的图象向右平移π3个单位后与函数()f x 的图象重合， ()sin 2sin 2333f x x x πππ⎡⎤⎛⎫⎛⎫∴=-+=- ⎪ ⎪⎢⎥⎝⎭⎝⎭⎣⎦，()f x ∴的一个周期为2π-，故①正确； ()y f x =的对称轴满足：232x k ππ-=π+，k Z ∈， ∴当2k =-时，()y f x =的图象关于7πx 12=-对称，故②正确； 由()sin 203f x x π⎛⎫=-= ⎪⎝⎭，23x k ππ-=得26k x ππ=+， 76x π∴=是()f x 的一个零点，故③正确； 当5,1212x ππ⎛⎫∈-⎪⎝⎭时，2,322x πππ⎛⎫-∈- ⎪⎝⎭， ()f x ∴在5,1212ππ⎛⎫-⎪⎝⎭上单调递增，故④错误． 故答案为：①②③．四．解答题：本大题共5小题，共70分．解答应写出必要的文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤。

江苏省连云港市新海中学2020-2021学年高三英语上学期期末试题含解析一、选择题1. the more you ____ something, the more you get out of it.A. put asideB. put awayC. put intoD. put up参考答案：C略2. Although it was really a difficult task, he decided to try his best to____ success.A．challenge B．host C．approve D．a chieve参考答案：D略3. According to some scientist , every human being, _____, gives off body heat.A. what he is doingB. however he is doingC. whatever is he doingD. no matter what he is doing参考答案：D4. Why not try your luck in the library? That’s ________ the American classical books are kept.A. howB. whyC. whenD. where参考答案：D 试题分析：考查表语从句句意：为什么你不去图书馆碰碰运气，这是美国古典书收藏的地方，根据语境可知where引导表语从句，故选D项。

5. Please put these teaching materials in order and don’t leave them ______ a mess.A. withB. forC. onD. in参考答案：D6. I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good .A. to be breathedB. to breathC.breathing D. being breathed参考答案：B7. A monument______our heroes in the Anti-Japanese War was built up last year.A. in favor ofB. in honor ofC. in possession ofD. in terms of参考答案：B8. ---How are you __________ your office work?----Not very well. I’m afraid.A. catching up withB. getting along withC. looking up toD. keeping up with参考答案：B9. How delighted I feel to my daughter playing with her friends in the pleasant park with trees ___shade.A. providingB. providedC. to provideD. having provided参考答案：A10. The presidents of America and Canada hold regular meetings, _______ they can discuss waysto strengthen security cooperation between the two countries.A. whereB. whichC. whatD. why参考答案：A11. One of the few things you ______say about English people with certainty is that they talk a lot about the weather.A. needB. mustC. canD. should参考答案：C12. Despite the fact that Lucy is a lovely girl, she _____ be extremely difficult to work with sometimes.A. mustB. shouldC. wouldD. can参考答案：D略13. Having got everything ready, they _____ mapping out a plan for the construction of a new express way.A．got rid of B．got throughC．got down to D．got up with参考答案：C略14. If we expect __much cleaner world, we should attract __world’s attention to protect the world.A. a; aB. a; /C. a; theD. the; / 参考答案：C15. Today’s tourists do not see any person in Pompeii,which, though , ____ a busy city of twenty thousand people.A. had beenB. wasC. has beenD. would be参考答案：B二、新的题型16. Digested rapidly by the body, ________(糖) provides a quick energy source.参考答案：sugar17. 阅读下面短文，根据以下要求：1）汉语提示, 2）首字母提示, 3）语境提示, 在每个空格内填入一个适当的英语单词，并将该词完整地写在右边相对应的横线上，所填单词要求意义准确，拼写正确。

江苏省连云港市新海中学2021-2022学年高一数学文上学期期末试卷含解析一、选择题：本大题共10小题，每小题5分，共50分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有是一个符合题目要求的1. .某船在小岛A的南偏东75°，相距20千米的B处，该船沿东北方向行驶20千米到达C处，则此时该船与小岛A之间的距离为（）A. 千米B. 千米C. 20千米D. 千米参考答案：D【分析】结合题意运用余弦定理求出结果.【详解】由题意可得，在中，，，则.故选【点睛】本题考查了运用余弦定理求解实际问题，首先要读懂题目意思，将其转化为解三角形问题，然后运用公式求解.2. 不等式﹣x2+3x﹣2≥0的解集是（）A．{x|x＞2或x＜1} B．{x|x≥2或x≤1}C．{x|1≤x≤2}D．{x|1＜x＜2}参考答案：C【考点】一元二次不等式的解法．【分析】不等式﹣x2+3x﹣2≥0化为x2﹣3x+2≤0，因式分解为（x﹣1）（x﹣2）≤0，即可解出．【解答】解：不等式﹣x2+3x﹣2≥0化为x2﹣3x+2≤0，因式分解为（x﹣1）（x﹣2）≤0，解得1≤x≤2．∴原不等式的解集为{x|1≤x≤2}，故选：C．3. 不等式（x＋5）（3－2x）≥6的解集是（）A、{x | x≤－1或x≥}B、{x |－1≤x≤}C、{x | x≤－或x≥1}D、{x |－≤x≤1}参考答案：D4. 下列四个图形中，不是以x为自变量的函数的图象是（）A．B．C．D．参考答案：C【考点】函数的概念及其构成要素．【专题】图表型．【分析】根据函数的定义中“定义域内的每一个x都有唯一函数值与之对应”判断．【解答】解：由函数定义知，定义域内的每一个x都有唯一函数值与之对应，A、B、D选项中的图象都符合；C项中对于大于零的x而言，有两个不同的值与之对应，不符合函数定义．故选C．【点评】本题的考点是函数的定义，考查了对函数定义的理解以及读图能力．5. 甲、乙两人某次飞镖游戏中的成绩如下表所示.甲、乙两人成绩的平均数分别记作，，标准差分别记作，.则（）A. ，B. ，C. ，D. ，参考答案：B【分析】分别求出甲、乙的平均数和方差即可判断.【详解】由题意，，，所以；，，所以故选：B【点睛】本题主要考查平均数和方差的计算，考查学生计算能力，属于基础题.6. 已知函数f（x）是定义在R上的奇函数，f（x+2）=f（x），当x∈（0，1]时，f（x）=1﹣2|x﹣|，则函数g（x）=f﹣x在区间内不同的零点个数是（）A．5 B．6 C．7 D．9参考答案：A【考点】根的存在性及根的个数判断．【分析】由题意可得函数f（x）的图象关于原点对称，为周期为2的函数，求得一个周期的解析式和图象，由图象平移可得的图象，得到y=f（f（x））的图象，作出y=x的图象，由图象观察即可得到零点个数．【解答】解：函数f（x）是定义在R上的奇函数，且f（x+2）=f（x），即有函数f（x）关于原点对称，周期为2，当x∈（0，1]时，f（x）=1﹣2|x﹣|，即有当x∈内的函数f（x）的图象，进而得到y=f（f（x））的图象，作出y=x的图象，由图象观察，可得它们有5个交点，故零点个数为5．故选：A．7. 一个棱锥的三视图如图，则该棱锥的全面积（单位：cm2）为（）A．B．C．D．参考答案：A8. 同时具有性质“①最小正周期是π，②图象关于x=对称，③在上是增函数”的一个函数是（）A．B．C．D．参考答案：A【考点】正弦函数的对称性；正弦函数的单调性．【分析】利用正弦函数与余弦函数的周期性、对称性与单调性判断即可．【解答】解：对于y=f（x）=sin（2x﹣），其周期T==π，f（）=sin=1为最大值，故其图象关于x=对称，由﹣≤2x﹣≤得，﹣≤x≤，∴y=f（x）=sin（2x﹣）在上是增函数，即y=f（x）=sin（2x﹣）具有性质①②③，故选：A．9. 已知向量，则与的夹角（）A. B. C. D.参考答案：D【分析】直接利用向量的夹角公式求解.【详解】由题得，因为，所以向量的夹角为.故选：D【点睛】本题主要考查向量的夹角的求法，意在考查学生对这些知识的理解掌握水平和分析推理能力.10. 已知，则（）A. B. C. D.参考答案：C【分析】根据特殊值排除A,B选项，根据单调性选出C,D选项中的正确选项.【详解】当时，，故A,B两个选项错误.由于，故，所以C选项正确，D选项错误.故本小题选C.【点睛】本小题主要考查三角函数值，考查对数函数和指数函数的单调性，属于基础题.二、填空题:本大题共7小题,每小题4分,共28分11. 设，则的值为 .参考答案：9略12. 在中，角、、所对的边为、、，若，，，则角________．参考答案：.【分析】利用余弦定理求出的值，结合角的取值范围得出角的值.【详解】由余弦定理得，，，故答案为：.【点睛】本题考查余弦定理的应用和反三角函数，解题时要充分结合元素类型选择正弦定理和余弦定理解三角形，考查计算能力，属于中等题.13. 将函数y=cosx 的图象向右移个单位，可以得到y=sin（x+）的图象．参考答案：【考点】函数y=Asin （ωx+φ）的图象变换．【分析】y=cosx=sin （+x ），其图象向右平移个单位得到y=sin （x+）的图象【解答】解：∵y=cosx=sin（+x ），其图象向右平移个单位得到y=sin （x+）的图象．故答案为：14. 某共享单车公司欲在某社区投放一批共享单车，单车总数不超过100辆。

2020-2021学年第一学期期末调研考试高一英语试题说明：1.本试卷共10页，满分150分，考试时间120分钟。

2.请将所有答案按照题号填涂或填写在答题卡相应的答题处，否则不得分。

第一部分听力第一节听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. Why was the man late?A. He got up late.B. He missed the bus.C. He was caught in a traffic jam.2. What does the man ask the woman to do?A. Open the window.B. Have a drink with him.C. Get him a cup of orange juice.3. What will the man have first?A. Roast chicken.B. Mushroom soup.C. Salad.4. How does the woman find the movie?A. Frightening.B. Exciting.C. Interesting.5. What happened to the man this morning?A. He left the key in the house.B. He was locked in his house.C. He locked his roommate inside.第二节听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

2020届江苏省新海实验中学高三英语上学期期末考试试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AAs a nation, we are getting bigger and eating more. But there are effective ways to control your appetite and eat only as much as you need.Keep away from low-nutrition snacksThat means ice cream, sweets, chips biscuits, cakes and any other salty orsugary snacks you eat between meals. Although we have a tendency to eat them, you can learn to live without these unhealthy-and-fattening-additions to your diet. Try to make it a habit to eat them only when offered at social events or as a special treat.Leave half an hour between main course and dessertHaving a break between courses gives your brain time to receive the fullness signal and make you more likely to refuse the sweet stuff. And, in fact, as soon as you feel the first signals of fullness, remove your plate from the table. That will tell your brain that food time is over.Make yours a small helpingPut an end to super-sized portions. You won’t be missing out—today’s small was the medium or large of a few decade ago. Select or serve yourself a modest portion and eat it slowly enjoying the flavors. Before you know it, small will feel just right. What’s more, ordering the smaller size leads to wearing the smaller size.Distract yourselfWhen you find yourself hunting down food, even though you’re even hungry, do something else for 20 minutes. Drink a large glass of water as thirst is often confused with a desire for food. Choose something that engages your brain as well as your hands, such as writing a letter or listening to a song. You could also go for a short walk or do something that you enjoy. If you think you really are hungry, set an alarm for 20 minutes’ time and if you still want to eat when it rings, fine. If not, the urge will have passed.1. Which way suits you better if you tend to order a large portion of food?A. Distract yourself.B. Make yours a small helping.C. Keep away from low-nutrition snacks.D. Leave half an hour between main course and dessert.2. Why should you have a break between main course and dessert?A. To give people time to chat.B. To have a good appetite for sweet stuff.C. To reduce appetite for dessert.D. To give the host time to remove your plate.3. When you find yourself pursuing for food, what should you do?A. Eat some biscuits.B. Eat some sugary snacks.C. Have some soft drinks.D. Listen to a lovely melody.BWhat a day! I started at my new school this morning and had the best time. I made lots of new friends and really liked my teachers. I was nervous the night before, but I had no reason to be. Everyone was so friendly and polite. They made me feel at ease. It was like I'd been at the school for a hundred years!The day started very early at 7:00 am. I had my breakfast downstairs with my mom. She could tell that I was very nervous. Mom kept asking me what was wrong. She told me I had nothing to worry about and that everyone was going to love me. If they didn't love me, Mom said to send them her way for a good talking to. I couldn't stop laughing.My mom dropped me off at the school gates about five minutes before the bell. A little blonde girl got dropped off at the same time and started waving at me. She ran over and told me her name was Abigail. She was very nice and we became close straight away. We spent all morning together and began to talk to another girl called Stacey. The three of us sat together in class all day and we even made our way home together! It went so quickly. Our teacher told us that tomorrow we would really start learning and developing new skills.I cannot wait until tomorrow and feel as though I am really going to enjoy my time at my new school. I only hope that my new friends feel the same way too.4. How did the author feel the night before her new school?A. Tired.B. ConfidentC. Worried.D. homesick5. What did the author think of her mother’s advice?A. Clear.B. Funny.C. OptionalD. Respectable6. What happened on the author's first day of school?A. She met many nice people.B. She had a hurried breakfast.C. She learned tome new skills.D. She arrived at school very early.7. What can we infer about Abigail?A. She disliked Stacey.B. She was shy and quiet.C. She got on well with the author.D. She was an old friend of the author.CIt's the near future.Animal populations have fallen sharply and 80% of species are extinct.The forests are so rare that you need to make a booking to visit one. Birds also face extinction.The Arctic terns,a species evolved to fly across the world on4000kmannual journeys，are on their last migration (迁徙) to Antarctica.The Last Migrationby the Sydney-based writer Charlotte McConaghy is a different sort of climate novel，one in which the heroine's(女主人公)damaged soul is as much a story as the damaged environment This is McConaghy's first work of literary fiction,after a history publishing in science fiction and a romantic fantasy series."I wanted to try and engage with the climate crisis closely,"she said."It's hard to nail down where he book came from.But I had Toni Morrison's words in my head:'If there's a book you really want to read,but i hasn't been written yet,then you must write it.'I love that. It really speaks to me.""I wanted to write about the way the natural world is disappearing but I didn't know a way in."The way in”, she says, was to"go travelling.I went to Ireland and Iceland,and thought about these incredible journeys of the terns and these people who study hes journeys."The book became a story of a double journey: the migration of the birds,and a broken woman's travelling to the end of the earth.Much of the book is told in flashbacks, the action jumping between the south coast of New South Wales to the west coast of Ireland and to Greenland."I've always been fascinated with Ireland: the landscape, the people and the poetry and music.I was fascinated with writing a character from there. It was a way to connect more with the place."McConaghy says she also wanted to have a character who was"of two places"."I had lived in 21 houses by the time I was 21, as a result I definitely know how it feels to feel as if you are not sure where you belong and feeling as if you are between two worlds."8. How isThe Last Migrationdifferent from other climate novels?A. It forecasts environmental destruction.B. It features a bird's cross-continental migration.C It combines science fiction well with romantic fantasy.D. It attaches equal importance to the heroine's broken soul.9. What did McConaghy think of Toni Morrison's words?A. Inspirational.B. One-sided.C. Authoritative.D. Casual.10. Why did McConaghy go travelling?A. To appreciate the landscape of Ireland.B. To follow the migration of the birds.C. To get away from her tiresome life.D. To find ideas for her new book.11. How might a character "of two places"feel?A. Content and carefree.B. More connected with nature.C. Lacking in a sense of belonging.D. Knowledgeable about the world.DAs a 51-year-old first-aid responder since 1984, Jeffrey never knows what type of situation he might walk into, or who he'll meet along the wayTen years into the job, Jeffrey received a call that reported that a man in his early 30s had fallen down in the Mall of America. When Jeffrey and his partner arrived at the scene, they found the young male face down on the ground. He had gone unconscious, making weak attempts to breathe. His wife stood beside him holding their small son in horror. They quickly rushed to calm the man to keep him under control and offer necessary first aid. After Jeffrey dropped the patient off at the neighboring hospital, he thought about the man and his family for a long time.Jeffrey thought he had experienced everything under the sun until one random visit to Office Max three years ago, where he met a man repeatedly walking back and forth while staring at him. As it turned out, the man was the patient he had saved 20 years earlier."You gave me 20 years more than I ever thought I'd have," the man said. He thanked Jeffrey repeatedly and told him he had someone he wanted him to meet. He stepped around the corner and reappeared with a 20-something-year-old man. Jeffrey instantly knew that it was the son he had seen standing by his mother all those years ago"That day changed my life," Jeffrey said. "Before that, everything was about work…When I talk to my beginner-training class, I tell them you never know the effect you can have on someone's life."12. What did Jeffrey do with the young man?A. He cured the man at the scene.B. He took care of the man's wife and son.C. He only sent the man to hospital.D. He did what was needed13. What did Jeffrey think of the encounter with the man at Office Max?A. It was a common routine.B. It was troublesomeC. It was unbelievableD. It was a dangerous situation.14. Why was the man thankful to Jeffrey?A. Jeffrey helped bring up his little sonB. Jeffrey donated to support his family.C. Jeffrey's help gave him the present happy life.D. Jeffrey's kindness taught his son to be a new doctor.15. How did the meeting change Jeffrey's life?A. He was rewarded with much moneyB. He changed his attitude to his job.C. He got a promotion to be a team leader.D. He took up teaching work to train newcomers.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020-2021学年江苏省新海实验中学高三英语上学期期末试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AWhen the weather is bad or when the flu breaks out, we can let the kids do some fun things at home, which can be beneficial to kids.Reading out loudIf your children are young enough, don't forget to read books to them out loud! Few children dislikehaving a good book read to them, and it's great for the development of their brains. However, if your children are a bit older and have moved onto more advanced books, there is always the choice of listening to an audiobook. This can also be done while they're doing something else.Playing board gamesMaybe your children's table is full of board games, which have been forgotten for a long time. It's a good time to bring them out when playing outside is no longer a choice. Surely, playing board games is a great way to connect with children. In addition, many board games are designed to get children thinking!Having a dance partyConsidering that all you need is a speaker or maybe just a phone, you can have a dance party wherever you are! This is a great way to get kids’ bodies moving when they are inside. Play some of your children's favorite music and let them dance to it. Not only is it good exercise, but it will help your children feel time is flying!Doing jigsaw (拼图) puzzlesFor most people that have children, it's common to have at least one jigsaw puzzle at home. Jigsaw puzzles are great because everyone can do them on their own time. Besides, your whole family will have a sense of achievement when everyone is smiling over the finished product.1. What do reading out loud and playing board games have in common?A. They both develop children's team spirit.B. They both improve children's listening ability.C. They both do good to children's thinking ability.D. They both focus on interaction between children.2. Which of the following combines exercise and music?A. Reading out loud.B. Playing board games.C. Doing jigsaw puzzles.D. Having a dance party.3. What is the purpose of the text?A. To list four interesting children's parties.B. To recommend four children's favorite books.C. To introduce some activities for children inside.D. To show some funny things for children outside.BA trip to thelibrary was like a great journey to a different country. To get there, we had to walk a mile. But our weekly journeys to the library were a piece of perfection. I had around me at one time all the people I loved best-my father and mother and brothers and sister--and all the things I loved best- quiet, space and books.I read a lot of books about science: not the spaceships my brothers preferred, but the birds and the bees--literally. I brought home a book of birds and searched the trees for anything other than robins (知更鸟). I went through a phrase of loving books with practical science experiments and used up a whole bottle of white vinegar by pouring it on the sides of our apartment building to prove that it was constructed of limestone (石灰石).One Saturday, as I wandered through the young adult section, I saw a title: Little Women, by Lousia May Alcott. I had learned from experience that titles weren’t everything. A book that sounded great on the shelf could be dull once you got it home. So I sat in a chair near the shelves to skim the first paragraphs.I read and read and read Little Women until it was time to walk home, and, except for a few essential interruptions like sleeping and eating, I did not put it down until the end. Even the freedom to watch weekend television held no appeal for me in the wake of Alcott' s story. It was about girls, for one thing, girls who could almost be like me, especially Jo. I had found someone who thought and felt the way I did.4. What can we say about the author’s family?A. They enjoyed traveling abroad.B. They were library frequenters.C. They were very fond of walking.D. They led a perfectly quiet life.5. What does the author mainly want to show in paragraph 2?A. Her different hobbies from her brothers.B. How she conducted science experiments.C. Why she loved books about the birds and the bees.D. Her reading interests during a particular period of time.6. What opinion does the author hold on books?A. Book titles can sometimes be misleading.B. Science books are as interesting as novels.C. The first few paragraphs of a book are attractive.D. Books seem duller when read in libraries than at home.7. How would the author describe Little Women?A. It helped her to discover her true character.B. It made her forget about food and sleep.C. It inspired confidence in her.D. It kept her absorbed.CImprovements to energy efficiency, such as LED lights, are seen by many authorities as a top priority for cutting carbon emissions. Yet a growing body of research suggests that arebound effect could wipe out more than half of the savings from energy efficiency improvements, making the goals of the Paris Agreement on climate change even harder to hit.A team led by Paul Brockway at the University of Leeds, UK, looked at the existing 33 studies on the impact of the rebound effect. First comes the direct rebound: for instance,when someone buys a more efficient car, they may take advantage of that by driving it further. Then comes the indirect rebound: fuel savings leave the owner with more money to spend elsewhere in the economy, consuming energy.Although the 33 studies used different methods to model the rebound effect, they produced very consistent estimates of its impact, leading the team to conclude that the effect wipes out, on average, 63 percent of the anticipated energy savings.“We're not saying energy efficiency doesn't work. What we're saying is rebound needs to be taken more seriously,” says Brockway.The idea that increased efficiency may not deliver the hoped­for savingsdates back to the Jevons paradox(悖论), named after the economist William Stanley Jevons, who, in 1865,observed that more efficient coal use led to more demand for coal.If the rebound effect does prove to be as big as suggested, it means future global energy demand will be higher than expected and the world will need far more wind and solar power and carbon­capture technology thanis currently being planned for.But that doesn't mean nothing can be done to limit the rebound effect. One answer is to double down on energy efficiency and do twice as much to achieve the same effect.8. Which of the following is a rebound effect?A. A man uses LED lights to cut carbon emissions.B. A company uses coal more efficiently to reduce waste.C. A family saves money by using energy­saving devices.D. A lady spends savings from her fuel efficient car on more clothes.9. How did Paul Brockway's team carry out their research?A. By interviewing economists.B. By analyzing former studies.C. By modeling the rebound effect.D. By debating about the Jevons paradox.10. What would Paul Brockway probably agree with?A. Authorities should dismiss energy efficiency.B. Worldwide efforts to preserve energy are in vain.C. The rebound effect helps protect the environment.D. More attention should be paid to the rebound effect.11. What's the author's attitude towards limiting the rebound effect?A. Positive.B. Pessimistic.C. Doubtful.D. Disapproving.DThere are many useful things we can do each day to feel better. It may take some efforts and time to make a habit of drinking 8 glasses of water daily or thinking more positively, but it is well worth it. What things do you do every day to feel better?Probably the healthiest thing you can do to feel better each day is to exercise early in the morning. You don't have to run the whole morning or spend a few hours in the gym. Even doing some easy exercise like walking, sit-ups or jumping the rope will help you feel better in no time!Again, due to our busy schedules, we don't get enough sleep each night. If you have trouble falling asleep, avoid watching TV or surfing the Internet right before bed. Also, try to make healthy bedtime snack choices anddon't drink tea or coffee too late in the day.If you drink 3 glasses of water, 4 glasses of coffee or tea and a glass of soda each day and think that you drink enough water, think again. Your body needs water (not coffee or soda!) to function properly. Aiming to drink 7-8 glasses of water each day can make you feel better.Being positive is the key to a longer life. Positive thoughts can help improve your overall heath. Life is full of stressful situations and it's hard to stay cheerful when everything goes wrong, but your positive attitude can help you solve any problem and fight any stress faster and easier. Your positive attitude is especially good for your heart health. Smile, stay positive and live a longer life!12. In the author's opinion which can benefit us most in order that we feel better?A. Sleeping enough.B. Drinking enough water.C. Thinking more positively.D. Taking morning exercise.13. Which of the following agrees with what is said in Paragraph 3?A. Drinking tea or coffee makes us sleep less.B. Drinking tea before bed makes it harder to fall asleep.C. Watching TV or surfing the Internet leads to less sleep.D. Our busy schedules cause more difficulty in falling asleep.14. Why is water necessary to our body?A. Because it can make us feel better.B. Because it can have our body work smoothly.C. Because in can do more good to our body thancoffee.D. Because it can hep avoid feeling thirsty.15. What do we need most when everything goes wrong?A. Thinking positively.B. Thinking out wise ways.C. Having a right attitude.D. Staying cheerful.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020-2021学年江苏省新海实验中学高三英语期末考试试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ASpeaking with people on the phone is pretty rare these days. Most people use e-mail or messaging apps when they need to communicate with someone. Sometimes, though, making a call is unavoidable. This simple act can actually be a nightmare for some people. Their hearts race and their hands sweat at the very thought. If this sounds familiar to you, you might be one of the millions of people who suffer from telephobia—the fear of speaking over the phone.Telephobia is a form of social anxiety, although people who feel perfectly comfortable in social situations may also experience telephobia. When speaking face-to-face, we give off lots of facial or bodily cues that help each other follow the conversation. This is not the case over the phone. And the idea of speaking into this void（真空）makes people terrified that they will freeze up, stumble over their words（失言）, or lose control of the conversation and look foolish In fact, telephobia is very similar to thefear people feel before putting on a performance in front of a big audience. However, there are things that one suffering from thin condition can do to reduce this fear and make phone calls at least somewhat bearable.One thing that those with telephobia can do before a call in smile. It may sound silly, but smiling before doing something stressful can help you feel more relaxed. It won't delete the anxiety altogether, but it will take the edge off it.Similarly, imagining how the call will go before you make it can also help things go more smoothly. Running through a positive conversation in your head will make you feel less nervous and may help you predict any possible problems. There's no need to spend hours on this, just a few minutes thinking up a general idea of what you want to say. You can even write down some brief notes to remind yourself of your talking points. This is particularly useful for dealing with the fear of not being able to express yourself naturally.And finally, when faced with receiving a call, you don't always have to pick up. There's nothing wrong with calling the person back later when you feel more comfortable.So the next time your phone starts ringing, remember—speaking on the phone doesn't have to make you sweat. The important thing is to be aware of your fear and take steps to deal with it.1. According to the article, which situation can cause a feeling similar lo telephobia?A.Speaking face-to-face to a good friend.B. Performing in front of a large audience.C. Running in a race without proper shoes.D. Using a messaging app while on the subway.2. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a way to deal with telephobia?A.Imagining how the call will go before you make it.B. Standing on the edge of a tall building while making a call.C. Calling someone back later instead of answering their phone calls right away.D. Writing down some brief notes to remind yourself of your talking points.3. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To present ways to ease telephobia.B. To explain the development of telephobiaC. To introduce the influence of telephobia.D. To give the reason why someone suffers from telephobia.BBorn in 1954, Oprah Winfrey is best known for her multi-award-winning talk show as the most influential woman in the world. It's no surprise that her recognition can bring overnight sales fortune that defeats most, if not all, marketing campaigns. The star features about 20 products each year on her "Favorite Things" show. There's even a term for it: the Oprah Effect.Her television career began unexpectedly. When she was 16 years old, she had the idea of being a journalist to tell other people's stories in a way that made a difference in their lives and the world. She was on television by the time she was 19 years old. And in 1986 she started her own television show with a continuous determination to succeed at first.TIME magazine wrote, "People would have doubted Oprah Winfrey's swift rise to host of the most popular talk show on TV. In a field dominated by white males, she is a black female of big size. As interviewers go, she is no match for Phil Donahue. What she lacks in journalistic toughness, she makes up for in plainspoken curiosity, rich humor and, above all understanding. Guests with sad stories to tell tend to bring out a tear in Oprah's eye. They, in turn, often find themselves exposing things they would not imagine telling anyone, much less a national TV audience.""I was nervous about the competition and then I became my own competition raising the bar every year, pushing, pushing, pushing myself as hard as I knew. It doesn't matter how far you might rise. At some point you are likely to fall if you' re constantly doing what we do, raising the bar. If you' re constantly pushing yourself higher, higher the law of averages, you will at some point fall. And when you do, I want you to know this, remember this: there is no such thing as failure. Failure is just life trying to move us in another direction" as Oprah addressed graduates at Harvard on May 30.4. What does the Oprah Effect refer to in the first paragraph?A. the influence on talk show hostsB. the power of Oprah's opinions.C. the effect on a business.D. the audience of Oprah's talk show.5. What can be inferred about Oprah's television career?A. She must have been challenged a lotB. She gained fame as planned.C. It lives up to her parents' expectation.D. She once gave up on her choice.6. What message did Oprah give to Harvard graduates?A. Success comes after failure.B. Pushing physical limits makes no senseC. Aiming higher hurtsD. Failure is part of life.7. Which of the following best describes Oprah Winfrey?A. Friendly.B. HumorousC. Determined.D. PatientCWhen you say the word donkey, whatthings come to your mind? A few people might say they’re cute, but the majority think they’re stubborn, dumb and all-round less capable than their horse s.However, this wasn’t the case for a recently unearthed ancient Chinese noblewoman who was unexpectedly found buried with her donkeys. Published in the journal Antiquity in March, Chinese archaeologists (考古学家) first discovered the tomb in Xi’an, Shaanxi, in 2012. The team examined the remains and identified the body as Cui Shi, a Tang Dynasty high-born lady who died in 878 AD.Speaking to Science Magazine in 2012, the study’s co-author, Fiona Marshall, said the finding caused confusion as “donkeys … are not associated with high-status people”.However, following years of further research, the team discovered artworks and artifacts that showed a sport known as “Lvju”. This was similar to modern-day polo (马球)and was popular among noble (高贵的) women at the time. They preferred to use donkeys instead of full-sized horses for safety reasons, due to their smaller size andslower speed.Speaking to CNN, Marshall later said, “Historical documents also showed that ladies of the late Tang court loved to play donkey polo.”At that time in Chinese history, animals were often placed in tombs so that they could be used for a specific purpose in the afterlife. The study determined that Cui Shi likely requested that her beloved donkeys be buried with her, so that she could continue her favorite sport after death. In total, three donkeys were found inside her tomb with riding gear (装备), including stirrups (马镫). “This context provides evidence that the donkeys in her tomb were for polo, not transport,” lead author Hu Songmei of the Shaanxi Academy of Archaeology told Science Magazine.Before the study, it was believed that donkeys were only used to carry loads, but now it may be time to see them as a sign of achieving high social status(地位), well, in ancient times.8. What do most people think of donkeys, according to the text?A. They are as adorable(可爱的) as horses.B. They are stubborn and not so capable.C. They were necessary in ancient sports.D. They were a sign of high social status.9. Why did Fiona Marshall feel confused when she discovered the donkeys?A. She didn’t connect donkeys with nobles.B. She hadn’t seen donkeys in ancient tombs before.C. She didn’t expect to find donkeys in a woman’s tomb.D. She didn’t understand why animals were in human tombs.10. What do we know about the sport “Lvju” from the text?A. Horses were preferred in Lvju.B Lvju was similar to modern-day soccer.C. Lvju was popular among common people.D. Donkeys were preferred in the sport for safety.11. The donkeys were found in the tomb of Cui Shi probably because _______.A. she intended to use them for transport after deathB. her family didn’t want her to be lonely after deathC. she wanted to continue to play Lvju after deathD. noble women needed donkeys to maintain their dignityDCoke was introduced by the Coca Cola company in 1886, making it a rather true andtested favorite of generations of people in over 200 countries. This list should give you some ideas on how to get more from your coke than usual.. Coca Cola is an excellent rust buster (除锈剂). If you have a bunch of small rusty objects, put them in coke overnight and give them a goodscrubin the morning. Coke helps to break down the rust, making cleaning much easier. Be sure to throw out the used coke when you are done with it or you might be taking a trip to the doctor.. Like the previous item, the citric acid (柠檬酸) in coke makes for an excellent window cleaner. This is especially useful for car windows. Pour a can of coke over the window and rub the window, then wipe it off with a wet cloth to remove any sugary matter from the sugar in the drink. As coke is fullof sugar, you should clean the sticky matter off the window glasses, or it will be not a cleaner but a dirt.. For those of you who live in areas where skunk (臭鼬) smells can be an issue from time to time, one can of coke added to water with detergent (清洁剂) really helps to break the smell down. If you have been sprayed, stand in the shower and cover yourself from head to toe with coke — wait for a few minutes, then wash yourself with a shower. Coke is an excellent hair treatment so you get two tips for the price of one with this item!. Pots can sometimes get black on the bottom. The black is almost impossible to remove; this is caused by over-cooking. To remove the black and renew your pot, pour in a can of coke (or as much as you need to cover the blackened area by an inch) and put it on the stove on a low heat. After an hour or so, wash the pot as normal.12. What does the underlined word “scrub”in Paragraph 2 probably mean?A. Start.B. Cleaning.C. Shake.D. Example.13. What is important while using coke to clean car windows?A. Use a dry cloth.B. Rub the window lightly.C. Don’t pour too much coke.D. Clean the sugary matter thoroughly.14. For which purpose does coke have to be mixed with other material?A. To get rid of the black on the pot.B. To breakdown the rust,C. To remove smells.D. To clean windows.15. What type of writing is this text?A. An advertisement.B. A review.C. A news report.D. A practical guide.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

新海实验中学2020 - 2021学年度第一学期期末考试七年级数学试题考试时间:100分钟满分:150分一、选择题（本大题共有8小题，每小题3分，共24分）1. - 2的相反数是A.2B. - 2C.12D. -122.单项式 - a2b的系数和次数分别是A.0， - 2B.1，3C. - 1，2D. - 1，33.有一个几何体模型，甲同学:它的侧面是曲面；乙同学:它只有一个底面，且是圆形.则该模型对应的立体图形可能是A.三棱柱B.三棱锥C.圆锥D.圆柱4.下列计算正确的是A.3a - a = 2B.x + x = x2C.3mn - 3nm = 0D.3a - （a - b） = 2a - b5.如图，数轴上A、B两点分别表示数a、b，则下列结论正确的是A.a + b > 0B.ab > 0C.a - b > 0D.|a| - |b| > 06.2020年12月30日，连云港市图书馆新馆正式开馆.小明同学从家步行去图书馆，他以5 km/h的速度行进24min后，爸爸骑自行车以15kmh的速度按原路追赶小明.爸爸从出发到途中与小明会合用了多少时间?设爸爸出发xh后与小明会合，那么所列方程正确的是A.5x = 15（x + 2460）B.5（x + 24） = 15xC.5x = 15（x + 24）D.5（x + 2460） = 15x7.如图，在方格纸中，三角形ABC经过变换得到三角形DEF，正确的变换是A.把三角形ABC向下平移4格，再绕点C逆时针方向旋转180°B.把三角形ABC向下平移5格，再绕点C顺时针方向旋转180°C.把三角形ABC绕点C逆时针方向旋转90°，再向下平移2格D.把三角形ABC绕点C顺时针方向旋转90°，再向下平移5格8.如图，图1是一个三阶金字塔魔方，它是由若干个小三棱锥堆成的一个大三棱锥（图2）把大三棱锥的四个面都涂上颜色.若把其中1个面涂色的小三棱锥叫中心块，2个面涂色的叫棱块，3个面涂色的叫角块，则三阶金字塔魔方中“（棱块数）+ （角块数） - （中心块数）”得A.2B. - 2C.0D.4二、填空题（本大题共有8小题，每小题3分，共24分）9.比较大小: - 2020 ________- 2021（填“ > ”，“ < ”或“ = ”）.10.连灌扬镇铁路于2020年12月全线开通，北起连云港，经淮安、扬州，跨长江后终至江苏南部镇江，线路全长约304公里，设计时速为250公里，总投资金额约4580000万元，其中数据“4580000”用科学记数法表示为 _________ .11.将面积为2的正方形按如图方式放在数轴上，以原点为圆心，正方形的边长为半径，用圆规画出数轴上的一个点A，点A表示的数是 _________ （填“有理数”或“无理数”）.12.如果2a + b = 1，那么4a + 2b - 1的值等于 _________ .13.牛顿在他的《普遍的算术》一书中写道:“要解答一个含有数量间的抽象关系的问题，只要把题目由日常语言译成代数语言就行了.”请阅读下表，并填写表中空白.14.五巧板是七巧板的变形，也是由一个正方形分割而成的，图中与∠a互余的角有▲个.15.按如图的程序计算.若输入的x =- 1，输出的y = 0，则a = _________ .16.如图1，O为直线AB上一点，作射线OC，使∠AOC= 120°，将一个直角三角尺如图摆放，直角顶点在点O处，一条直角边OP在射线OA上.将图1中的三角尺绕点O以每秒10°的速度按逆时针方向旋转（如图2所示），在旋转一周的过程中，第1秒时，OP所在直线恰好平分∠AOC，则t的值为 _________ .三、解答题（共10题，满分102分）17.（本题满分10分）计算:（1）2 ×（-3）3 - 4 ×（ - 3）（2） - 22 ÷（12 -13） ×（ -58）.18.（本题满分10分）化简:（1）x2 - 5xy + b宽 + 2x2；（2）2（3ab - 2c） + 3（ - 2ab + 5a）.19.（本题满分10分）解下列方程:（2）x+12 - 1 =2−3x3.x + 1（1）2x - 1 = 5x - 7；20.（本题满分8分）如图是一个高脚碗，高度约为6.2 cm.闲置时可以将碗摞起来摆放，4个碗摞起来的高度为13.4 cm.（1）每多摞一个碗，高度增加 _________ cm；（2）若摞起来的高度为20.6 cm，求共有几个碗摞在一起?（用方程解决）21.（本题满分10分）在如图所示的方格中，每个小正方形的边长为1，点A、B、C、在方格纸中小正方形的顶点上.（1）画线段AB:（2）画图并说理:①画出点C到线段AB的最短线路CE，理由是 _________ ；②画出一点P，使AP + DP + CP + EP最短，理由是 _________ .22.（本题满分10分）如图，直线AB、CD相交于点O，射线OE、OF分别平分∠AOD、∠BOD，∠AOC= 26°（1）求∠BOF的度数:（2）判断射线OE、OF之间有怎样的位置关系?并说明理由.23.（本题满分10分）下图是某几何体的表面展开图:（1）这个几何体的名称是 _________ ；（2）若该几何体的主视图是正方形，请在网格中画出该几何体的左视图、俯视图:（3）若网格中每个小正方形的边长为1，则这个几何体的体积为.24.（本题满分10分）某超市先后以每千克12元和每千克14元的价格两次共购进大葱800千克，且第二次付款是第一次付款的1.5倍.（1）求两次各购进大葱多少千克?（2）该超市以每千克18元的标价销售这批大葱，售出500千克后，受市场影响，打剩下的大葱标价每千克22元，并打折全部售出.已知销售这批大葱共获得利4440元，求超市对剩下的大葱是打几折销售的?（总利润=销售总额 - 总成本）25.（本题满分12分）将网格中相邻的两个数分别加上同一个数，称为一步变换.比如，我们可以用三步变换将网格1变成网格2，变换过程如图:（1）用两步变换将网格3变成网格4，请在网格中填写第一步变换后的结果:（2）若网格5经过三步变换可以变成网格6，求x的值（不用填写网格）；（3）若网格7经过若干步变换可以变成网格8，请直接写出a、b之间满足的关系.26.（本题满分12分）如图1，将一段长为60 cm绳子AB拉直铺平后折叠（绳子无弹性折叠处长度忽略不计），使绳子与自身一部分重叠.（1）若将绳子AB沿M、N点折叠，点A、B分别落在A′、B′处.①如图2，若A′、B′恰好重合于点O处，MN = _________ cm；②如图3，若点A落在点B′的左侧，且A′B′ = 20 cm，求MN的长度:③若A′B′ = ncm，求MN的长度.（用含n的代数式表示）（2）如图4，若将绳子AB沿N点折叠后，点B落在B处，在重合部分BN上沿绳子垂直方向剪断，将绳子分为三段，若这三段的长度由短到长的比为3:4:5，直接写出AN所有可能的长度.。