新视角研究生英语vocabulary

Unit 1 Schooling●Vocabulary (passage 1)1.striking2.slender impeccable3.discernible4.sloppy5.Sagacity6.arrogance7.vow8.homonym9.glistening 10.fix the blame on●Vocabulary (passage 2)ABCAB DADDC●Translation1.我曾经遇到过这样一位管弦乐队指挥严师。

当有人弹错时，他怒骂他为白痴；当有人谈走音时，他暂停指挥，怒吼。

他就是杰瑞.帕卡瑞斯基——乌克兰移民。

2.传统的观念认为老师应该为学生梳理知识，而不是一味的把知识塞进他们的脑袋里。

作业和小组学习都是备受青睐的学习手段。

传统的方法，如讲授和背诵，都被讽刺为“专杀”，被人反对，被贬为是用正确的方法来蚕食年轻一代的创造力和积极性。

3.死记硬背现在被作为解释来自印度（印度人的记忆力让人赞不绝口）家庭的孩子在全国拼字游戏比赛中大胜对手的一个原因。

4.当然，我们也担心失败会给孩子造成精神创伤，削弱他们的自尊。

5.研究人员曾认为，最有效的老师会通过小组学习和讨论带领学生学习知识。

Unit 2 Music●Vocabulary (passage 1)1.molecular2.hyperactive3.integrated4.retention5.condense6.clerical7.alert8.aestheticallypelling 10.undeniably●Vocabulary (passage 2)1-10 BDABC DABDC●Translation1.一项新的研究消除了某些美国人所珍视的观点，及音乐能够提高孩子的智力。

2.对于这一点，仅有几十项研究检验过传闻中的学习音乐对智力的益处，其中只有5项采用了随机对照试验，即所设计的研究将因果效应分离出来。

3.尽管这一效应只持续了大约15分钟，但却被吹嘘成智力有可持续的提高，乔治亚州州长泽尔.米勒就在1998年承诺每年拿出超过1000000美元的资金用于给该州每位儿童提供一张古典音乐的唱片。

1 Keys to New Perspective Graduate Series Unit Two V. V ocabulary Section A 1. roaming 2. was hounded 3. prosperous 4. vulgar 5. defects 6. vengeance 7. exquisite 8. gaudy 9. maxim 10. status quo Section B 1-5 ACBBD 6-10 ACDBD VI. Cloze 1. launched 2. with 3. however 4. on 5. hiding 6. exercise 7. varied 8. within 9. scores 10. average 11. quickest 12. received 13. problems 14. along 15. essential 16. through 17. perform 18. avoid 19. series 20. drop VIII. Translation 1. Although she has gone through numerous failures Katherine still believes that she could make a world champion of her son. 2. This training program is not really a bad experience. But I would have liked it better if the courses had been a bit more practical. 3. You should have known better than to open a suspicious attachment. 4. Unfortunately he died from a sudden traffic accident leaving the experiment half-done. 5. Wouldn’t it be better if the food market on the street corner could be turned into a garden 6. Much as I am eager to please everyone I seem never be able to speak out the right thing at the right time. 7. This little gadget makes a good present for the elderly for it can keep accurate track of one’s blood pressure.8. Jane is always working so hard to achieve the next thing and she never has time to sit back and pat herself on the back about the things that she has already done. 9. Tom sized up the situation and decided to downsize his business which turned out to be a wise decision. 10. It is not enough for our univedrsit5y to resign itself to the status quo it should speed up its development and make itself one of the best universities in China. Keys to New Perspective Graduate Series Unit Three V. V ocabulary Section A 1. plummet 2. daunt 3. harrowing 4. disposition 5. surface 6. imminent 7. exertion 8. wholesome 9. stranded 10. gobble Section B 2 1-5 ACBCA 6-10BDACB VI. Cloze 1. keys 2. divided 3. external 4. life 5. to 6. function 7. means 8. understanding 9. oneself 10. of 11. successful 12. internally 13. others 14. can 15. lies 16. teach 17. derived 18. conduct 19. find 20. apply VIII. Translation 1. When someone is in “desert experience”—a period of feeling barren of options even hope the most important thing is not to allow himself to be stranded in the desert. 2. With financial resources exhausted and the pressure of a big family to support Jimmy wanted to escape at first but finally his courage and good humor saw him through. 3. Someone believes that it is never too late to embark on a new career in any period of life. 4. What makes sense is to face the challenge rather than run away from the troubles after suffering a significant loss. 5. With the small income from her restaurant job Mary could barely make ends meet. 6. It dawns on people that failure is nothing to be afraid of. But it is a precious experience in life. 7. The president wishes every student to forge ahead on the career ladder at the commencement ceremony. 8. Scientists are studying smokers and the people with depression in an attempt to sort out their complicated physical and psychological problems. 9. Most parents work hard at either preventing failure or shielding their children from the knowledge that they have failed. 10. No one can be perfect so be easy on oneself. Unit Four V. V ocabulary Section A 1. sane 2. insatiable 3. purports 4. uplifting 5. devout 6. static 7. arbitrary 8. rapt 9. cardinal 10. demanding Section B 1-5 ACADB 1-10 AABDA VI. Cloze 1. more 2. by 3. mind 4. found 5. yourself 6. with 7. worrying 8. unnecessary 9. everything 10. lies 11. reason 12. focus 13. problems 14. right 15. regardless 16. around 17. happens 18. react 19. life 20. only VIII. Translation 1. In modern society advertising has become one modern form of expression almost completely dedicated to depicting happiness. 2. Lectures will never entirely disappear from the university scene because they spring from a long tradition in a setting that rightly values tradition for its own sake. 3 3. Short of having their own children the couple can never experience the pleasure of being p arents. 4. He takes other’s success as a kind of challenge and motivation. He keeps telling himself that he should do better than others. 5. If fun and pleasure are equated with happiness then pain must be equated with unhappiness. The truth is that things that lead to happiness involve some pain. 6. In homes where money was tight no sacrifice was too great in orderthat the child has whatever he needed to learn to become a musician. 7. As long as we understand that fun does not bring happiness we can begin to lead our lives differently. 8. If we do get what we want we’ll keep thinking of all that we don’t possess—and we will remain dissatisfied. 9. The only way to truly balance your career with family life is to think long and hard about your life values and live by them. 10. Anyone who wants to have a both fruitful and cheerful life should deal well with the relationship between work and play. Unit Six V. V ocabulary Section A 1. therapy 2. accidental 3. dissenter 4. befallen 5. partial 6. exhilarating 7. vapid 8. swoon 9. mindless 10. scholastic Section B 1-5 ADBDA 6-10 CBDBC VI. Cloze 1. borrowed 2. download 3. required 4. simple 5. quit 6. started 7. overcome 8. mentally 9. permanent 10. charge 11. opposite 12. put 13. temporarily 14. habits 15. Maintain 16. off 17. discipline 18. deprivation 19. count 20. benefit VIII. Translation 1. The twin sisters always appeared together speaking in the same tone thus none of us could tell them from each other. 2. The professor put in a word for his favorite student in the recommendation letter although this student had quit college for two years. 3. The Russians both on land and in the air had then the upper hand of the Germans. 4. After being expelled from university for cheating in the exam he was up the creek now.5. At the request of the students’ parents the school allowed the students to study at home in the evening.6. They didn’t accept the report because it came out totally against the social standard.7. With many twists and turns the naive little girl finally became sophisticatedlearning how to deal with difficulties. 48. Although mavericks are condemned as eccentrics by the society they are deeply welcomed by the youth.9. Thanks to the help from that charity organization poor students who once dropped out f rom school can continue their education. 10. To celebrate the loyal family’s visit to the small town citizens strewed all the paths with flowers. Unit Seven V. V ocabulary Section A 1. mobilized 2. collective 3. commitment 4. sustain 5. reveal 6. substitute 7. remedy 8. prevailing 9. reverse 10. merit Section B 1-5 BDAAD 6-10 BACAC VI. Cloze 1. couple 2. sequence 3. rarely 4. increasingly 5. dramatic 6. rate 7. experience 8. marriage 9. likely 10. evidence 11. fact 12. break 13. rule 14. diversity 15. proportion 16. stepfamilies 17. family 18. biological 19. household 20. different VIII. Translation 1. Mike found that he couldnt remain seated any more while she was striding to and fro across the office. 2. His character is shaped less by his education at school than by his life experience. 3. As a mother she always shares the pride in what her children have accomplished. 4. It is a defining feature of the modern society that more women are in the workforce. 5. It is generally assumed that at postgraduate level the students can take better care of themselves and don’t need guidance anymore. 6. Never before had I noticed that there is such a variety of family structures in our society. 7. The healthy development of a child hinges largely on the love and care from both parents. 8. The sharp decline in the well-being of children put the new policy under siege. 9. This book gives you the distilled ideas of the ancient Greeks in a form that is easy to understand. 10. Usually the middle-aged don’t spend on their parent s as much as they do on their children. Unit Ten V. V ocabulary Section A 1. temptation 2. sufficient 3. budgets 4. sanction 5. panics 6. innovative 7. suspected 8. exclusive 9. reliance 10. affirm Section B 5 1-5 DACBD 6-10 ABDCB VI. Cloze 1. accused 2. since 3. property 4. technology 5. suspecting 6. acknowledged 7. opposite 8. instant 9. adapt 10. catch-up 11. sophisticated 12. advance 13. answers 14. options 15. decade 16. store 17. access 18. difficult 19. prevent 20. bridge VIII. Translation 1. We shall always look to the past experience for guidance so that we would not repeat the same mistakes. 2. Some educators believe that compared with strong sanctions proactive strategies serve as a better way to prevent students from cheating in exams. 3. The manager decided to subscribe to the management software to improve the efficiency of the office. 4. I tried to make sense of these English words in the test paper but in vain so I took a peep at my e-dictionary. 5. Ifthese new methods don’t work we’ll have to fall back on our old system. 6. administration 7. He didn’t break the rule on purpose. He made the wrong decision out of ignorance. 8. The school authority promised to implement a new system to fight against campus cheating. 9. In a last-minute effort to meet the deadline she downloaded a paper from internet and handed it in. 10. With the development of technology Computer has a more and more important role to play in our study. Nowadays even some tests are computer-based.。

新视⾓研究⽣英语第⼀册课后答案1-10单元NEW PERDPECTIVE Book One1.Vocabulary1.In the summer, I prefer roaming on the field with my friends and enjoying the sunshine to staying at home alone.2.We felt sorry for his trouble. He was hounded by many creditors, losing all his property and being discarded by his family.3.Men love their ideas more than their lives. And the more preposterous the idea, the more eager they are to die for it.4.I was so shocked when I found that the vulgar imitation of the president and other officials did please the well-educated audience and an understanding laugh broke out in the hall.5.Although many of us want to be perfect in all aspects, we need to admit that everyone has his defects and no one is impeccable.6.To take vengeance on Germany, at the end of World WarⅡ, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics bombed Berlin severely.7.To be a successful artist, you need not only to have an exquisite sense of color but also to keep practicing as much as you can.8.When we visited the famous hall, we found that the gaudy decoration revealed the vulgar taste of the house owner, who was a tycoon of housing industry.9.We all believe in the maxim that action speak louder than words.10.As a member from the conservative group, this nominee was chosen since it had been widely known that he would fight tooth and nail to maintain status quo and make no change to the current policies.11.As house prices _plummet, the new breed of renters escape the danger of falling into debt traps and save their spare cash for the future.12.Nothing could _daunt_ me and I talked to everyone with the same message: “Cancer was absolutely great because it put youin touch with yourself and the world”.13.The 19-year-old model Saffron Domini needed little persuasion to appear in a _harrowing_ film about racism and violence.14.Carefree and full of youthful enthusiasm, his happy _disposition_ attracted whites and Indians alike.15.In British political life of the previous twenty years, latent anti-Jewish feeling had been apt to_surface_ in response to particular events.16.With standards often being poor, unregulated, and uncontrolled, disaster seems _imminent_.17.After walking for an hour, she wasn’t sweating, but there was a pleasurable sense of _exertion_.18.Particularly worrisome were the fruit drinks, which projected a _wholesome_ image while containing sugar in some form oranother.19.With the rising tide and bad conditions it was possible that the stranded_ man might not survive until the lifeboat arrived.20.One study estimates that the headquarters and related functions of big American companies _gobble_ up almost a fifth of theirannual profits.21.His way of staying sane was to compose poems in classical Chinese while he somehow kept with him.22.The children’s insatiable curiosity will be satisfied one way or the otherm as there are plenty of museums, libraries and children’s palaces in the city.23.Examination of the theory which purports to provide an answer to this question is nonetheless important for a numberof reasons.24.It is impossible to forget the uplifting speech that the president gave at the commencement ceremony.25.The athlete, a devout Christian, like his parents, died in 1945 in a Japanese internment camp in Shandong province.26.The picture drawn is a static one, and it has been unable to provide a convincing account of how and why changes have occurred in the pattern of industrial relations.27.The choice of players for the team seemed completely arbitrary.28.His listened in rapt concentration as Mr. Mercer described how one soldier shot off his leg and threatened to kill him until he shouted back at him.29.Respect for life is a cardinal principle of English law.30.Building a home is a more demanding business compared with buying one.31.Advances in therapy and diagnosis have raised complex legal and moral issues in areas such as abortion,and pati ents’rights.32.The discovery of how bronze is made was probably accidental , but it turned out to be an important event.33.Though Winston Churchill became the Prime Minister in 1940,he was taken as the most famous and obvious dissenter fora very long time.34.When you hear the melody, you will strongly feel that the same enlightenment that happened to the composer has befallenyou.35.This is only a partial success, since we have to make a compromise.36.That exhilarating game, which the tennis star won by 4-3,attracted 20,000people to the Giant Stadium even though the official limit was some 5,000 fewer.37.After the vapid conversation with those conservative members of the organization, the newcomer felt bored and determined never to join this group again.38.The dirty air and the crowd make the market not a safe place for those who swoon easily.39.The task is really mindless and anyone in the company can finish it without any problem.40.I enjoy my scholastic life, in which I am isolated from the complicated society and can devote myself to academic research.41.She was able to light fires in the hearts of the people she met and mobilize them to do something for the revolution.42.Social science is a collective name, covering a series of individual sciences.43.Johnson was reputed to pay his employees handsomely, but in return he expected complete loyalty, total commit and absolute respect.44.They carefully designed a special diet which contained all the known nutrients needed to sustain her life.45.He sounded very exc ited on the phone, but he wouldn’t reveal the exact contents of the videotape, except to say that it contained the evidence we needed.46.Finally he realized that money was not a substitute for health, happiness, companionship, or emotional security.47.He has realized the terrible mistake, and is trying his best to remedy it.48.Although everyone does it that way, he wants to change the prevailing practice.49.We asked the company how they would market the product and reverse its shrinking market share.50.Whether wolves merit so much protection is a much debated point among farmers in the area where wolves are plentiful and do cause damage on farms.51.Slender and graceful in light furs, the model wore a jeweled girdle, fine clothes and a _gorgeous hat.52.During these amazing years of _unprecedented_ expansion, Greater London grew at a much faster rate than the national population as a whole and faster than the suburbs of any provincial city./doc/49ea574333687e21af45a9af.html plete your visit with a leisurely _stroll_ around Cardiff Bay and enjoy the remarkable historic buildings and the delightfulspecialty shops.54.As a judge who believed that there was either good or evil, with no gray area in between, he was _stern_ with lawbreakersbut generous to the poor.55.The new ruler was condemned for his introduction of a _repressive_ political system that allowed no freedom.56.The pressure of population growth within the _confines_ of a small island of only 29 square miles led to the development ofan innovatory, intensive system based on very effective soil conservation techniques.57.Then I pretended to notice him for the first time and engaged him in conversation in an _impromptu_ manner.58.Roughly one-half of the world’s population, including almost all of East and Southeast Asia, depends on rice as its prin cipal_staple_ food.59.The bank planned to charge card holders a ten-yuan _annual_ fee from next year, which invited strong opposition from its customers.60._Intrinsically_motivating activities are those in which people will engage for no reward other than the interest and enjoyment that accompanies them.61.To most women, diamond is an irresistible temptation .62.Don’t worry. Even if the road is cut off by snow, we have sufficient food to last a week.63.Much should be taken into consideration when one budgets for a research project.64.People doubt whether prison is the best sanction against a crime like this throughout the country.65.I don’t think he is qualified for the position. He panics easily and is therefore useless in an emergency.66.With a 30-year effort, the company has built a reputation of innovative designs, and quality manufacturing.67.A suspected kidnapper was caught after a rush-hour police chase along a London Underground tunnel yesterday.68.Intellectual property rights represent exclusive rights for Intellectual wealth created in the field of science, technology, literature, and arts.69.Since there is no better way to evaluate one’s intelligence, we have to place our reliance on IQ tests.70.I hereby affirm that all the information given in this form is true and correct.71.PART B1.Don’t interrupt him. He is now working seriously on his dissertation that is due at the end of this semester. Buckling down to2.He has a bad temper and always falls into a fury the slightest reason, which makes him extremely unwelcome among all the friends. An extreme anger3.Through reading the novel, the students realized that the hunchback’s hideous appearance could not conceal his noble characters. Ugly and unpleasant4.When the World WarⅡbroken out and the area was bombed severely, many city dwellers had to move to the sticks and led a totally different life. Country areas5.In the general conference, his coarse speaking tone irritated the delegate from the neighboring country and then everyone was involved in a fierce debate. Rude6.The police had to keep track of all the actions of the suspects in order to identify the real criminal. Be informedabout7.Confronted with all these evidences and the witnesses, the drunk driver conceded that it was he who caused the fatality of the 3 victims in the traffic accident. Admit8.When famine and drought become more severe, the president said he could not size up the whole situation and take any action unless he had received a complete report. Make a judgment about9.Gaping at the TV screen and watching the fire and smoke, the whole world was startled and could not believe the World Trade Center turned into ruins. Staring10.When thousands of bodies, including those of women and children, were discovered in the forest, everyone and all the media took the same side, criticizing the monstrous mass murder with full bullets. Evil11.With a(n) _thriving_ network of committees, sports clubs and societies, each student is encouraged to play a full part in this aspect of student life.12.They may pick up ideas almost at random from skimming journals, ideas that may _spark_ new trains of thought or fruitful new cross-connections.13.Being a good listener is not only useful because you will hear what others miss, but you will find that people will tell you things that they _shield from_ others.14.What right did he have to come back into her life like this, trying to _shatter_it into small pieces that couldn’t be putback together for a second time?15.In many areas local services were provided by numerous different authorities, which often gave rise to_acute_co-ordination problems.16.The awful truth that he was suffering from lung cancer _dawned on_ him, though his family members tried very hard to keep the secret.17.I suppose yoga enthusiasts would find it painless, but for most of us an hour spent in this position was a(n) _ordeal_.18.But rules that strengthen banks in good times can _cripple_ them in recessions.19.There are few more _barren_ places on earth than the plains surrounding a volcano in the aftermath of its eruption.20.The minds of many of these young offenders appear to have been _numbed_ by greed and indifference to violence.21.Her reputation suffered a mortal blow as the result of the scandal.22.In explaining this situation, it might be possible to point to sources inherent to the nation its culture, mentality, religions, or geography.23.His perceptual difficulties may make it impossible for him to recognize you and his family.24.He had never previously thought of himself as acquisitive or even as particularly materialistic.25.Like a dreamer, young artist is absorbed in contemplation of something outside himself and does not identify with it.26.The club, where I am staying, releasing forgotten gusts of memory, like those lilies which only exhale their sweet perfume at night.27.If it is a technique which works for you then, use it by all means.28.You would take on some responsibility immediately for particular areas and additional responsibilities are available to those with the ability and enthusiasm to undertake.29.This raises the question whether the education of children in rural communities is prejudiced by the i mposition of a curriculum devised for urban conditions.30.The weak point in the school is due to the folly of parents who remove their sons from the school at too early an age.31.Even though the Duke was convicted of treason , most of the parliament members still supported him and his bookwas very popular among the public.betrayal of one’s country32.This method may seem unorthodox ,but it has been proved to be very efficient. Unconventional33.Many people settle down in urban areas instead of the countryside, since it is not time to take a sheer rest and they need to work in /doc/49ea574333687e21af45a9af.html plete34.His voice began to falter at the mention of his sufferings in the old days.shake35.Politically, Wisconsin is a bit of a maverick , and this nature was firmly established by 1848 when it became astate.dissenter36.For over 30 years , Singapore has grown from a poor country with hardly any resources to an affluent , modern and developed nation. wealthy37.The doctor told the single father that his son needed to be coddled after the tuberculosis. treated with great care38.As a long-term fancier of the classical music, he spent a lot of money in watching live music concerts. zealot39.The architect said that his countrymen hadn’t learned to cherish the old, and they were too quick to tear oldbuildings down.treasure40.The proud lady wondered how to lower her pride to approach the girl she had been so scornful of . contemptuous41.The committee had voted ＄300 for a monument to be erected to his memory.42.The foundation said they would not fund the plan because it had all the hallmarks of being a total failure.43.Nowadays, the purchase of a car has become the aspiration of most citizens, along with holidays overseas.44.The clinical instinct I was beginning to develop told me that something inside this animal was fundamentally awry .45.Unrelieved stress can undermine your physical and emotional health, but knowing the health risks of stress does not necessarily make it any easier to change the stressful situation.46.Many elderly people who are in need fail to apply for a supplementary pension or allowance, because they are inclined to regard it as some kind of charity.47.So much is at stake when you start a job that you owe it to yourself to think all the implications through.48.It was inevitable that as time passes a couple should influence each other and gradually fuse together.49.We are trying to minimize pollution and improve quality by keeping the use of pesticides at a minimum .50.What is remarkable is how little political opposition there has been to the program to date .51.While the new college was being built in Oxford Street, the students worked in a makeshift laboratory in apartments rented in a nearby street. temporary52.He has great zeal for nature and dreams to be a biologist when he grows up. eagerness53.It is only when foreign brands land on our doorsteps and people flock to buy them that the local manufacturers will respond to the competitive threat. gather54.She refused to travel abroad unless accompanied by massive quantities of prescribed drugs because she could only survivethe small hours by swallowing incautious numbers of sleeping tablets. the early morning55.Nearly everyone had a very positive outlook and the plans for action to revive the area were discussed. revitalize56.When she stayed away from him, he would wander out into the stony streets, hoping to bump into her, to glimpse her sitting in a bar or on a park bench. run into57.Many Fine Art graduates take up professional practice as artists, and this course encourages them to consider their role as artists in the community by providing opportunities for short-term placements outside the Faculty. adopt58.I was in some doubt as to whether the Corporal had stumbled upon us accidentally on his way out of the town. bumped into59.She took the report, went out into the department and threw herself into her work with tight-lipped determination. busied herself with60.The statement said the people of Srebrenica appealed to the presidents of the United States and France to help halt the offensive. urged61.If someone is honest and firm in his moral principles, he is a man with .62.The director tried to wave aside these issues. He side they are details and could be settled later.63.The symbols and used in this document are essentially those in current use in North American.64.In China ginger is not only a spice for food but also a for colds.65.We can’t just wait for new technologies to solve our problem. We shall make use of existing technology.66.I was by the report about a new plagiarism detection software.67.The taxi in this small town have no meters so it is essential to the fare before setting off.68.The organization aims to support projects which the issue of campus integrity.69.You need to someone to take over your affairs while you are in hospital./doc/49ea574333687e21af45a9af.html ing another person’s phrases or sentences without putting quotation marks around them is considered .2. CloseAROUND 1970, psychologist Walter Mischel launched a classic experiment. He left a succession of 4-year-olds in a room with a bell and a marshmallow. If they rang the bell, he would come back and they could eat the marshmallow. If, however, they didn't ring the bell and waited for him to come back on his own, they could then have two marshmallows.In videos of the experiment, you can see the children squirming, kicking, hiding their eyes -- desperately trying to exercise self-control so they can wait and get two marshmallows. Their performance varied widely. Some broke down and rang the bell within a minute. Others lasted 15 minutes. The children who waited longer went on to get higher SAT scores. They got into better colleges and had, on average, better adult outcomes. The children who rang the bell quickest were more likely to become bullies. They received worse teacher and parental evaluations 10 years later and were more likely to have drug problems at age 32.Mischel experiments, along with everyday experience, tell us that self-control is essential. Young people who can delay gratification can sit through sometimes boring classes to get a degree. They can perform rote tasks in order to, say, master a language. They can avoid drugs and alcohol. For people without self-control skills, however, school is a series of failed ordeals. No wonder they drop out. Life is a parade of foolish decisions: teenage pregnancy, drug use, gambling, truancy and crime.Happiness is basically a state of mind. Happiness depends more on one's disposition and outlook. Only by connecting to your real identity, deeper than merely the body and mind, can one reach real happiness because that is where such happiness is always found. In this way, very little is needed to have a happy life. It is all within yourself. Thus, we can attain a state of being satisfied with what we have without being anxious to attain all our temporal desires, without worrying about the future, and without concerning ourselves with unnecessary hopes and fears. When you are really and naturally happy from within, everything else that you accomplish can be viewed as icing on the cake, an extra sweetness to life. But such external activities are not where true happiness liesThe only reason why people cannot attain their inward spiritual bliss right here and now is because they put too much focus on their external situation and what they feel they need and how to get it. Or they focus on the problems that they think they have. Actually, what people need to be happy is right inside them, at all times, regardless of whatever trials and challenges may happen outside and around them. As I've always said, it is not what happens to you, but it is how you perceive it and how you react or respond to it that makes the difference. We have to understand that happiness and distress is a constant flow in material life. We are affected by it only if we identify with it. One has to learn to rise above that byconnecting with your true self, or higher Self. So how do we do that?Everyone wants to be successful in life, but where are the 1)_ keys_ to success? When we begin to examine life, we can see that it is 2)_ divided_ into two aspects — life within and life without; internal life and 3)_ external_ life — and we can see that these aspects are of equal importance. Even one who has renounced the world has to understand the word relationship properly, because 4)_ life_itself is actually relationship. The body is related 5)_ to_ the breath, and the breath is related to the mind. The body, breath, senses, and mind all 6)_ function_ together as a unit. So life virtually 7)_ means_ relationship, and thus the art of living and being requires an 8)_ understanding_of one’s relationship to the external world and the relationships within 9)_ oneself_.All human beings have inner potentials, but many people are not aware 10)_ of_ those potentials and do not know how to use them to have a 11)_ successful_ life. Those who are not happy 12)_ internally_ can never be happy externally; those who are not happy within themselves can never make 13)_ others_ happy. Those who do not love themselves 14)_ can_ never love others. If we are not happy, how can we be successful in life? Success 15)_ lies_ i n our happiness. The keys to happiness lie within us, but our modern education does not 16)_ teach_ us how to find them. It is helpful to have a fewformulas to practice in daily life to make it more successful. They are 17)_ derived_ from observations based on experience. There are five points to remember: first, how to decide things on time; second, how to study personal habit patterns; third, how to 18)_ conduct_ ourselves in the external world; fourth, what attitude to take; fifth, where to 19)_ find_ happiness. To attain success in life, one should learn and 20)_ apply_ these five points.Japan’s rise from the devastation of World War II to economic prominence was not without human cost. People cannot work for ten or twelve hours a day six and seven days a week, year after year, without suffering 1)_ physically_ as well as mentally. But during the first three postwar decades no one paid any special 2) _attention _ to the larger than usual number of men in their 40s and 50s who died of brain and heart ailments. It was not 3) _until _the latter part of the 1980s, when several high-ranking business executives who were still in their 4) _prime _years suddenly died without any previous sign of 5)_ illness_ , that the news media began picking up on what appeared to be a new phenomenon.This new phenomenon was quickly 6)_ labeled_ karoshi, or “death from overwork”, and once it had a name and its symptoms were broadcast far and wide, it just as quickly became obvious that Japan was 7)_ experiencing __a virtual epidemic. It is8)_estimated _ in 1990 that over 10,000 people were dying each year from overwork.A recognized authority on karoshi says that most of the victims of death from 9)_ overwork _ had been putting in more than one hundred hours of 10)_ overtime_each. He said the 11)_ victims_ did not receive any overtime pay for their 12)_extra _ work, but were members of the élite managerial class who 13)_ worked _themselves to death “out of a samurai-like pride”. Because of 14)_peer _ pressure to keep up with 15)_ co-workers_, out-do competing groups and 16)_ increase_ market-share at the expense of competitors, hundreds of thousand of Japanese managers are 17)_ caught __ up in a vortex （漩涡）of psychological pressure that forces them to work 18)_ at _ a frenzied pace.After years of such 19)_ intense _ over-work, most managers find that they cannot 20)_ rest_ even when they do take time off. They are so wound up that not working leaves them disoriented and suffering from serious stress.A powerful personal growth tool is the 30-day trial. This is a concept I borrowed from the shareware industry, where you can download a trial version of a piece of software and try it out risk-free for 30 days before you’re required to buy the full version. It’s also a great way to develop new habits, and best of all, it’s brain-dead simple.Let’s say you want to start a new habit like an exercise program or quit a bad habit like sucking on cancer sticks. We all know that getting started and sticking with the new habit for a few weeks is the hard part. Once you’ve overcome inertia, it’s much easier to keep going.Yet we often psyche ourselves out of getting started by mentally thinking about the change as something permanent —before we’ve even begun. It seems too overwhelming to think about making a b ig change and sticking with it every day for the rest of your life when you’re still habituated to doing the opposite. The more you think about the change as something permanent, the more you stay put.But what if you thought about making the change only temporarily — say for 30 days —and then you’re free to go back to your old habits? That doesn’t seem so hard anymore. Exercise daily for just 30 days, then quit. Maintain a neatly organized desk for 30 days, then slack off. Read for an hour a day for 30 days, then go back to watching TV.Could you do it? It still requires a bit of discipline and commitment, but not nearly so much as making a permanent change. Any perceived deprivation is only temporary. You can count down the days to freedom. And for at least 30 days, you’ll gain some benefit. It’s not so bad. You can handle it. It’s only one month out of your life.3. Translation1. 尽管已历经⽆数失败，凯瑟琳仍然相信他能把⼉⼦培养成世界冠军。

Lesson one1.If reviews are not available within four months, authors are free to submit the manuscript to another journal and ask them to the manuscript.2.Despite her great age, she was very graceful indeed, but so far, the archaeologists have been unable to her identity.3.Psychologists believe that children are easily influenced by their .4.The old man was always off about higher taxes.5.Man will go down into the pit and all his thoughts will .6.The challenger the champion with a mighty uppercut.7.He showed a lack of interest.8.The jeweler the diamond for flaws.9.It’s a chan ce to strike back and give each his for sins of the past.10.It is estimated that about 60 percent of people who suicide have had a mood disorder.Answer: 1.vet 2.discover 3.peers 4.sounding 5.perish 6.leveled 7.marked 8.scrutinizedeuppance mitLesson two1.I can’t remember exactly what triggered the explosion but it was pretty .2.Of course, that a mew set of problems for Mum and Dad who were constantly running around trying to contain my wanderlust.3.The industry has pumped amounts of money into political campaigns, making it less and less likely that politicians will deal with the issue sensibly.4.I was asked to a newspaper article making predictions for the New Y ear.5.If it were as cheap and easy to get online here as in America, the British might Their time at the computer.6.After 1989, the external vanished but the danger to American civilization remained.7.As the surgeon’s heath worsened, he became a to the hospital.8.Today, that has given way to a myriad of family styles as a result of people living longer, marrying later, divorcing more and changing mates to suit the seasons of their lives.9.In order to avoid a good deal of frustration (not to mention time, effort, and shoe leather) that a job search , you might want to consider the following approach: conduct a planned, focused job search.10.Amore explanation would seem to be that people are fed up with the conservative government.Answer: 1. devastating 2. posed 3. massive 4. contribute to 5. triple 6. menace 7. liability 8. consensus 9. entails 10. plausible1.As we feel our way around the first months of the 21st century, what seemedimpossible in the last is becoming more and more .2.In one sense, this could be good news for America: it could greater socialconsensus, with virtually everyone agreeing about the proper functions of government.3.What kind of ta sk was that for a man who couldn’t even the truth about himself?4.I t may be the band’s trademark, but after the briefest exposure, it becom esto a large degree.5.If the value of services exchanged or booked online were included as well, thefigures would be more still.6.Parts of Glasgow are the worst areas of London and Liverpool for burglaries.7.The most profound change in our society since the sixties has not been the arrivalof new Britons but the of a new class.8.Police say drug traffickers are behind the of violence.9.They said yes, provided he did not publish anything that would their reputation.10.The of clean energy resources plagues all nations.Answer: 1. plausible 2. portend 3. pin down 4. aggravating 5. staggering 6. on a parwith 7. emergence 8. resurgence 9.detract from 10. inadequacyLesson three1.Another common use of the tag question is in small talk when the speaker istrying to conversation: "Sure is hot here, isn't it?"A. illicitB. elicitC. solicitD. explicit2.Napster says it is delaying the launch of its subscription service yet again, afterrunning into serious problems in its talks with other firms. So here is Napster's : Still not ready.A. refrainB. renownC. restraintD. retention3.The path from initial lab work on a drug to final approval of the drug by the Food& Drug Administration is a long and process.A. hilariousB. notoriousC. industriousD. laborious4.When I was a child, I always refused to write thank-you notes for birthdaypresents from a faraway relative. My mother wouldme and say, "Paul, you must learn to be polite."A. glideB. slideC. abideD. chide5.A(n) memory may be a good thing, but the ability to forget is the true token ofgreatness.A. attentiveB. inattentiveC. retentiveD. irretentive6.There's still a great deal of on the weapons of mass destruction, which despitewhat President Bush and Prime Minister Blair say, have not yet been found.A. evidenceB. skepticismC. knowledgeD. consensus7.Even though exercise has many positive benefits, too much can be harmful. Teenswho exercise are at risk for both physical and psychological problems.A. comparativelyB. competitivelyC. compulsivelyD. comprehensively8.Some of the maids were quiet and affectionate. But others were, driving the youngwomen crazy by complaining to them all the time.A. querulousB. fabulousC. pretentiousD. conscientious9.There is nothing more fascinating than observing citizens of many differentnationalities and exchanging greetings in an international airport.A. singlingB. dinglingC. jinglingD. mingling10.When Dallas police notified the hospital that President Kennedy had been shot, atfirst, the young neurosurgeon thought it was a .A. blankB. flankC. prankD. frankAnswer: 1. B 2. A 3. D 4. D 5. C 6. B 7. C 8. A 9. D 10. C1.He picked up things that he thought people were throwing away and still had life.He was very upset that people were very quick to things of value.2.Looking for life elsewhere is a tough task. The good news is that the scientists arefor extraterrestrials signs and scientific tools to search for extraterrestrial life are advancing rapidly.3.They are not so their studies that they avoid sports. On the contrary, they juggletheir crowded hours to play on a variety of teams.4.People remember only what is interesting and useful to them, what helps themmake sense of the world, or helps them in it.5.My husband reacted with irritation because he felt the comments implied: "Y oursis not a real marriage. I amyou because my wife and I have avoided your misfortune."6.Airlines are the plan to modernize Los Angeles International Airport becausetheir financial problems would make it difficult for them to pay for the renovation.7.The Green Party of Pennsylvania (GPPA) has the political scene in 2001 withunprecedented energy and vigor and Green voter registration has more than quadrupled.8.Before he went to university, Prince William had gone off to the jungles of SouthAmerica and worked on rather farms in England.9., we tend to get stressed and disturbed by life's endless ups and downs. Y ou havethe choice to let it remain the same or change it to your advantage!10.Following the terrorist attacks, there have been reports of beatings and killings ofArabs. As an African American, I am outraged by the of Arab Americans and Muslims.Answer: 1. disregard 2. on the lookout for 3. obsessed with 4. get along 5. superior to6. thumbing nose at7. burst onto8. Obscure9. More often than not10.singling outLesson four1.To our great surprise, Mary put forward a suggestion after her long-time though.2.John is very happy these days for he will soon be married to Diana, whose beauty has made her the envy of many less lavishly .3.Though he was removed from office a year ago, the company now suffers theof his mismanagement.4.I don’t know what proper action we should take, for they gave accounts of what has happened.5.The caption of a big liner has the of thousands of lives in his keeping.6.Proper clothes for much in business. That’s why you see most business people dress formally.7.When she was stopped by the police for speeding, she gave them a certificate which has clearly been .8.On hearing the news that the enemy troops would come soon, all the families hurriedly the village with barricades of carts, tree trunks and whatevercame to hand.9.Our football coach has worked hard to a team spirit into the players.10.This settlement will resolve one of the most problems in the field of industrial relations.Answer: l. ludicrous 2. endowed 3. consequences 4. conflicting 5. safety 6. count7. falsified 8. fortified 9. inculcate 10. vexing1.We are moral, high-principled people and there fore we do not approve of their activities.A.nobleB. uprightC. conscientiousD. ethical2.Unemployment and inner city decay are undividable issues which must be tackled together.A.indwellingB. innateC. inseparableD. unchanged3.The airline requires children traveling alone to have a(n) official letter of consent from one or both parents.A.attestationB. notarizedC. oathD. deposition4.Polly and Susie were having a(n)argument about who was going to hold the dog’s lead.A.controversyB. claimC. dissatisfactionD. squabble5.If you compare the two books side by side, it is clear that the author of the second has cribbed from the first.A.plagiarizedB. developedC. originatedD. appropriated6. A few workers have disregarded the majority decision and gone into work despite the strike.A.desertedB. disprovedC. defiedD. distributed7.If the authority is to accomplish its legal duty to house the homeless, it needs government support.A.achieveB. accuseC. acclaimD. discharge8.THE NEW President said she would devote herself to protecting the rights of the old, the sick and the homeless.A.dedicateB. donateC. entrustD. present9.The pictures on the show were a(n) vivid reminder of the power of the volcano.A.visualB. eloquentC. exampleD. expressive10.The underlying message of the film is that love surpasses everything else.A.oxc8edsB. transcendsC. excelsD. outstripsAnswer: 1. D 2. C 3. B 4. D 5. A6. C 7. D 8. A 9. B 10. BLesson five1.Heavy smokers are twenty times more likely to be by lung cancer than non-smokers.A.attackedB. grippedC. ravagedD. stricken2.Most States emphasized eradication of violence, particularly domestic violence, as a national area in national crime prevention strategies.A.prerequisiteB. requirementC. dominanceD. priority3.S ome activists in the Women’s Movement call themselves feminists, while others who resist political activism choose not to themselves “feminists” because they feel that the U.S. media often portrays feminists as people who are anti-men.A.rankB. labelC. brandD. claim4.Women 10.5 percent of cabinet, ministerial and sub-ministerial offices in Commonwealth countries.A.accounted forB. made up forC. consisted ofD. comprised of5.If he still hesitated it was because he d idn’t want to yield to the other man’s pressure, to Alec’s gift for .A.making his wayB. getting his wayC. consisted ofD. comprised of6.He had never in the past hesitated to if it served his curiosity.A. make believeB. make a show of himselfC. make mischiefD. make fun of himself7.In court, the accused man claimed that he was innocent, saying that he had been .A.betrayedB. framedC. deceivedD. defrauded8.More and more athletes play games just for money. Sport is being by commercialism.A.debasedB. debilitatedC. degeneratedD. decayed9.Damaging the production machinery is an attempt to slow down our output.A.undermannedB. underminedC. undergroundD. underhanded10. With an air of authority, as if every jug and bottle in the place existed to , the landlord gave Harold his drink.A. do his biddingB. do his bestC. do his jobD. do his dutyAnswer: 1.D 2.D 3.B 4.A 5.B 6.C 7.B 8.A 9.D 10.A。

1. His heart attack was triggered by the physical and emotional pressures suffered under interrogation.2. We are all under the illusion that the country is doing well _economically , but in fact it is in serious difficulty.3. He couldn’t join the police because he was below the minimum height allowed by the rule.4. We hope to see stronger commitment from the world community for international working together in the fight to protect our common natural surroundings.5. The professor felt grateful and relieved that the debate hadn’t degenerated into something absurd and degrading.6. Tiger populations have stopped shrinking，and working to protect them is now a way of life in nations where they roam.7. Our efforts result in a great rise in enrollments in our universities, coupled with a radical shift in higher education from the private to the public sector.8. It was such a funny and wonderful show; I could scarcely keep from laughing with delight.9. Details are often organized according to time sequence or from one place to another. These are two very important means of descriptive writing.10. Many how-to books advise you to stride into a room and impress others with your qualities.Unit 31.The passenger pigeon was a _prime_ example of a species that was made extinct by overhunting.2．Climate，soil，water，and air are nonliving components of an ecosystem。